Ann Arbor Downtown Parking Study – Phase II FINAL REPORT
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CITY of ANN ARBOR Ann Arbor Downtown Parking Study – Phase II FINAL REPORT June 2007 Ann Arbor Downtown Parking Study–Phase II • Final CITY OF ANN ARBOR Table of Contents PAGE INTRODUCTION ...............................................................................................................1-1 CHAPTER 1. BENCHMARK AND EXISTING POLICY DOCUMENTATION ......................................1-1 Benchmarks – Existing Conditions and Policies ..........................................................1-1 Parking Management Toolbox Primer.......................................................................1-15 CHAPTER 2. PUBLIC OUTREACH WEEK #I...........................................................................2-1 Notes from Focus Group Meetings .............................................................................2-1 Notes from the Policy Boards Meeting......................................................................2-14 Notes from Key Institution Interviews .......................................................................2-19 Notes from the Open House.....................................................................................2-23 CHAPTER 3. PRELIMINARY RECOMMENDATIONS ..................................................................3-1 Public Feedback.........................................................................................................3-1 Parking Management Toolbox ..................................................................................3-12 CHAPTER 4. PUBLIC OUTREACH WEEK #2..........................................................................4-1 Notes from Focus Group Meetings .............................................................................4-2 Notes from Policy Boards Meeting..............................................................................4-9 Notes from the Open House.....................................................................................4-11 CHAPTER 5. FINAL RECOMMENDATIONS ............................................................................5-1 Recommended Parking Principles ..............................................................................5-1 Toolbox Actions.........................................................................................................5-5 Beyond the Toolbox.................................................................................................5-24 Implementation Factors ............................................................................................5-26 APPENDIX A. IMPLEMENTATION EXAMPLES APPENDIX B. COMMUTER BUS FAREBOX POLICY PEER REVIEW APPENDIX C. IN LIEU FEES APPENDIX D. DESIGN GUIDELINES FOR PARKING FACILITIES IN DOWNTOWNS APPENDIX E. CASE STUDY – BOULDER, CO APPENDIX F. THE 511 TRAVEL INFORMATION SYSTEM APPENDIX G. REAL-TIME ON-STREET OCCUPANCY TECHNOLOGY APPENDIX H. ORDINANCE EXAMPLE: DEMAND-RESPONSIVE ON-STREET PRICING APPENDIX I. OPEN HOUSE SURVEY FEEDBACK Page i • Nelson\Nygaard Consulting Associates Ann Arbor Downtown Parking Study–Phase II • Final CITY OF ANN ARBOR Table of Figures PAGE Figure 1-1 DDA Parking System Inventory and Utilization...........................................1-3 Figure 1-2 Inventory by Sub-Area ................................................................................1-3 Figure 1-3 Sub-Area Utilization ...................................................................................1-3 Figure 1-4 Cost versus Effect Analysis ........................................................................1-16 Figure 1-5 Making Clear What Meters Offer the Community......................................1-19 Figure 1-6 Multi-Space Meter ....................................................................................1-21 Figure 1-7 Toolbox Matrix of Policies, Tools, and Principles Addressed ....................1-30 Figure 2-1 Focus Group 1 Attendees............................................................................2-2 Figure 2-2 Focus Group 2 Attendees............................................................................2-5 Figure 2-3 Focus Group 3 Attendees............................................................................2-8 Figure 2-4 Focus Group 4 Attendees..........................................................................2-10 Figure 2-5 Policy Board Meeting Attendees ...............................................................2-14 Figure 2-6 Toolbox Feedback Summary.....................................................................2-18 Figure 2-7 Open House Attendees.............................................................................2-23 Figure 2-8 Policy Options Voting..............................................................................2-25 Figure 3-1 Toolbox Feedback Summary.......................................................................3-2 Figure 3-2 The Toolbox.............................................................................................3-13 Figure 4-1 Alternative Modes Focus Group Attendees..................................................4-2 Figure 4-2 Commuter Focus Group Attendees .............................................................4-4 Figure 4-3 Resident Focus Group Attendees ................................................................4-5 Figure 4-4 Business Community Focus Group Attendees .............................................4-7 Figure 4-5 Policy Board Meeting Attendees .................................................................4-9 Figure 4-6 Open House Attendees.............................................................................4-11 Figure 5-1 Leading Pedestrian Interval – Pedestrians First.............................................5-8 Figure 5-2 Leading Pedestrian Interval – Turning Vehicles Second ...............................5-8 Figure 5-3 Parking Hours and Costs by User..............................................................5-22 Figure 5-4 Cross-Support Factors Among Toolbox Actions .........................................5-28 Figure 5-5 DDA Staffing Cost Estimates for Recommended Survey Program ..............5-30 Figure 5-6 Estimated Staff Costs for Basic Travel Choice Office Surveys.....................5-30 Figure 5-7 Actions: Implementation Factors ...............................................................5-37 Page ii • Nelson\Nygaard Consulting Associates Ann Arbor Downtown Parking Study–Phase II • Final CITY OF ANN ARBOR Introduction The 2006/2007 Ann Arbor Downtown Parking Study was a two-phase effort to document existing parking conditions and develop parking management policy. This report documents the conclusion of the study’s second phase, which was designed around a deliberative process for incorporating extensive public outreach efforts into the development of parking policy recommendations for Downtown. The second phase included two weeks of intensive public outreach opportunities, including focus group meetings, policy maker workshops, and public open houses. This report summarizes the input received during both weeks of outreach, development of parking policy principles, and a proposed program of options to achieve Downtown’s vision for a parking as one element of the transportation network. Chapter 1. Benchmark and Existing Policy Documentation In preparation for the first week of public outreach meetings, the Project Team developed a pair of technical memoranda to be delivered to expected attendants. These “study materials/cheat sheets” were designed to maximize the effectiveness of the meetings by framing the nature and context of the discussions, and presenting detailed explanations of key terms and concepts to be discussed. The following sections present these pre-meeting memoranda, beginning with a “benchmarks” handout summarizing findings from the study’s first phase and followed by a “Parking Management - Toolbox Primer” handout. Benchmarks – Existing Conditions and Policies The Ann Arbor Downtown Parking Study was initiated as the first step in the City’s pursuit of a comprehensive parking strategy for Downtown. Phase 1 focused on documenting and analyzing parking supply along with surveying user-end parking perceptions. The objective of Phase 2 was to recommend policy to focus the parking system’s role in facilitating access and circulation to Downtown. This section, which was the first deliverable of Phase 2, summarizes findings from Phase 1, covering the following tasks: z Background research to establish Downtown’s economic, land use, and regulatory context, including documentation of employee travel characteristics, interviews with key local stakeholders, a summary of relevant zoning regulations, and illustration of the area’s land uses; z Analysis of DDA’s parking inventory, including available supply and quantified utilization patterns during peak periods, input received via written survey and interviews with parkers, and projections of future demand based on proposed development; Page 1-1 • Nelson\Nygaard Consulting Associates Inc. Ann Arbor Downtown Parking Study–Phase II • Final CITY OF ANN ARBOR z Summary of complementary parking inventories, specifically those owned by private companies, residents, and the University of Michigan; and z Provision of meaningful opportunities for public involvement, including the survey and parker interviews described above, as well as a public workshop to discuss public perceptions and concerns on parking conditions, plus meetings with the project’s advisory committee. Existing Conditions – A Summary