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FOREIGN POLICY CONCEPT of UKRAINE Contents INTRODUCTION Ò Promoting Ukraine’s economic and trade interests abroad requires both PEACE AND SECURITY political and diplomatic support. It is important to search for new partners and widen the representation of Ukraine in the countries of Asia, FOREIGN POLICY Africa, and Latin America. Ò CONCEPT New instruments of public diplomacy, promotion of the country’s modern brand with the OF UKRAINE help of Ukrainian diaspora and business will provide for a positive Expert recommendations image of Ukraine in the world. Ò Edited by: Rapid development of cutting-edge Yevgeniya Gaber, Sergiy Korsunsky, Hanna Shelest technologies requires studying modern developments in the spheres October 2020 of artificial intelligence, biological and technological threats, which can be an element of hybrid warfare with a higher efficiency than that of conventional arms. 1 FRIEDRICH-EBERT-STIFTUNG – FOREIGN POLICY CONCEPT OF UKRAINE Contents PEACE AND SECURITY FOREIGN POLICY CONCEPT OF UKRAINE Expert recommendations 2 Contents Contents 1. IntroduCtIon 4 2. uKrAInE on tHE WorLd MAP 5 3. ForEIGn PoLICY PrIorItIES BY CountrIES And rEGIonS 7 THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION ...........................................................................................................................7 EURO-ATLANTIC SECURITY STRUCTURES ......................................................................................................7 THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA .................................................................................................................8 CANADA .......................................................................................................................................................8 LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN COUNTRIES ......................................................................................9 EUROPE ........................................................................................................................................................9 ASIA-PACIFIC ...............................................................................................................................................10 CHINA .......................................................................................................................................................10 EAST ASIA and ASEAN ................................................................................................................................11 SOUTH ASIA .............................................................................................................................................11 IRAN AND AFGHANISTAN ............................................................................................................................11 AFRICAN COUNTRIES ...................................................................................................................................12 MIDDLE EAST ..............................................................................................................................................12 4. ForEIGn PoLICY PrIorItIES BY tHEMES 13 ECONOMIC DIPLOMACY: PRIORITIES OF UKRAINE’S FOREIGN ECONOMIC RELATIONS ................................13 ENERGY DIPLOMACY:EXTERNAL FACTORS OF UKRAINE’S ENERGY SECURITY .............................................13 PUBLIC DIPLOMACY: PROMOTION OF UKRAINE’S INTERESTS IN THE INTERNATIONAL AREA .......................14 MULTILATERAL DIPLOMACY: WORLD INSTITUTIONS, INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS AND REGIONAL FORMATS ..........................................................................................................................14 ARMS CONTROL REGIME AND INTERNATIONAL SECURITY ..........................................................................15 5. GEnErAL ConCLuSIonS And rECoMMEndAtIonS 16 GENERAL CONCLUSIONS .............................................................................................................................16 KEY RECOMMENDATIONS ...........................................................................................................................17 THE LIST OF EXPERTS WHO TOOK PART IN PREPARING RECOMMENDATIONS .............................................18 3 FRIEDRICH-EBERT-STIFTUNG – FOREIGN POLICY CONCEPT OF UKRAINE UKRAINE ON THE WORLD MAP 1 IntroduCtIon This publication is a result of the two-year project «Foreign All analytical materials were presented during 2019- Policy Concept of Ukraine», which has been carried out by 2020 at a series of public discussions with international the Hennadii Udovenko Diplomatic Academy of Ukraine at experts, academicians and economists, representatives the Ministry of Foreign Affairs with the support of the Rep- of think-tanks, NGOs, universities, journalists, incum- resentation of the Friedrich Ebert Foundation in Ukraine bent and former diplomats, representatives of govern- and in collaboration with UA: Ukraine Analytica. ment agencies. The purpose of the project is to conduct an analysis on the The final document was presented to the Ministry of main geographical and thematic areas of Ukraine’s foreign Foreign Affairs of Ukraine, Committee on Foreign Policy and policy and to provide recommendations which would con- Inter-Parliamentary Cooperation of the Verkhovna Rada of tribute to the further development of Ukraine’s foreign policy Ukraine and to the general public at the end of 2020. strategy and its priorities for the midterm horizon until 2030. The materials of this project are currently used by the The project has brought together experts from the leading working group of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs pre- Ukrainian think-tanks and universities specializing in the paring the Strategy of Foreign Policy of Ukraine and the areas of foreign policy and security. The work on the Con- Asian Strategy of Foreign Policy of Ukraine. They will also cept lasted during 2019-2020. be used as reading materials for diplomats, civil servants who are in charge of Ukraine’s foreign relations and At the first stage (2019), the analysis was focused on the main members of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, as part of regional areas of Ukraine’s foreign policy, bilateral relations educational programs delivered by the Diplomatic Acad- with the United States, the Russian Federation and China, as emy of Ukraine. well as Ukraine’s place in Euro-Atlantic security structures. The proposed document is an executive summary of the The second stage (2020) was devoted to the thematic areas original analytical materials, which outlines the main trends, (economy, energy, public diplomacy, security issues, etc.), conclusions and expert recommendations developed with- as well as to the preparation of the final recommendations. in the project “Foreign Policy Concept of Ukraine”. 4 UKRAINE ON THE WORLD MAP 2 uKrAInE on tHE WorLd MAP The prioritization of the foreign policy goals and defining cyber-attacks, is an important factor contributing to the the ways of approaching them are important in order to ef- development of its political and defence cooperation with fectively promote and protect Ukraine’s national interests other countries. on the international arena. It requires a clear understand- ing of Ukraine’s place in the world, as well as its perception Ukraine develops its foreign policy under the complex by other states. A comprehensive analysis of the current transformation of the world liberal order which emerged world trends, challenges and perspectives for the midterm after the World War II. First of all, this transformation im- future are also of a paramount importance. plies reconsidering and re-formulating the priorities and conceptual framing of the relations between the state ac- Taking into account that for a long time there have been tors by leading countries of the world; finalizing steps of no clearly outlined and articulated priorities of Ukraine’s the transformation from a bipolar to a multipolar world foreign policy, apart from its European and Euro-Atlantic in terms of economic globalization; growing insecurity integration, it is seen as necessary to define them in a sys- caused by mounting problems of terrorism, extremism, tematic and comprehensive manner: to identify what are and proli feration of weapons of mass destruction. In ad- the key countries and issues to deal with, and what are the dition to this, it is important to understand those global challenges that require a particular attention of the state trends, processes and crises which define the current state and decision-makers responsible for policy development of international affairs and will most probably impact the and implementation. foreign policy of Ukraine in the mid-term perspective. According to the IMF classification Ukraine belongs to These include but are not limited to the following: a group of “Emerging and Developing Europe”, which includes 16 countries in total, among others members trends: of the EU and Eastern Partnership countries. The GDP – Total loss of mutual trust: voters do not trust politi- of Ukraine in 2019 was 150 billion US dollars, which cal parties and governments, states do not trust each comprises 0,3% of the global GDP. Ranked as the 32d other, the government and non-government actors country in the world by total population and 47th by to- of the world politics do not trust international orga- tal area, rich in natural resources, Ukraine occupies only nizations. As a result, the nationalistic, right-wing and 55th position in world trade, which according to interna- left-wing populist
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