Corporate Involvement of Libre Software: Study of Presence in Debian Code Over Time∗
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Keyboard Playing and the Mechanization of Polyphony in Italian Music, Circa 1600
Keyboard Playing and the Mechanization of Polyphony in Italian Music, Circa 1600 By Leon Chisholm A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Music in the Graduate Division of the University of California, Berkeley Committee in charge: Professor Kate van Orden, Co-Chair Professor James Q. Davies, Co-Chair Professor Mary Ann Smart Professor Massimo Mazzotti Summer 2015 Keyboard Playing and the Mechanization of Polyphony in Italian Music, Circa 1600 Copyright 2015 by Leon Chisholm Abstract Keyboard Playing and the Mechanization of Polyphony in Italian Music, Circa 1600 by Leon Chisholm Doctor of Philosophy in Music University of California, Berkeley Professor Kate van Orden, Co-Chair Professor James Q. Davies, Co-Chair Keyboard instruments are ubiquitous in the history of European music. Despite the centrality of keyboards to everyday music making, their influence over the ways in which musicians have conceptualized music and, consequently, the music that they have created has received little attention. This dissertation explores how keyboard playing fits into revolutionary developments in music around 1600 – a period which roughly coincided with the emergence of the keyboard as the multipurpose instrument that has served musicians ever since. During the sixteenth century, keyboard playing became an increasingly common mode of experiencing polyphonic music, challenging the longstanding status of ensemble singing as the paradigmatic vehicle for the art of counterpoint – and ultimately replacing it in the eighteenth century. The competing paradigms differed radically: whereas ensemble singing comprised a group of musicians using their bodies as instruments, keyboard playing involved a lone musician operating a machine with her hands. -
An Empirical Study of Open Source Software Architectures' Effect On
An Empirical Study of Open Source Software Architectures’ Effect on Product Quality Klaus Marius Hansen, Kristján Jónasson, Helmut Neukirchen July 21, 2009 Report nr. VHI-01-2009, Reykjavík 2009 Klaus Marius Hansen, Kristján Jónasson, Helmut Neukirchen. An Empirical Study of Open Source Software Architectures’ Effect on Product Quality, Engineering Research Institute, University of Iceland, Technical report VHI-01-2009, July 2009 The results or opinions presented in this report are the responsibility of the author. They should not be interpreted as representing the position of the Engineering Research Institute or the University of Iceland. c Engineering Research Institute, University of Iceland, and the author(s) Engineering Research Institute, University of Iceland, Hjarðarhagi 2-6, IS-107 Reykjavík, Iceland Abstract Software architecture is concerned with the structure of software systems and is generally agreed to influence software quality. Even so, little empirical research has been performed on the relationship between software architecture and software quality. Based on 1,141 open source Java projects, we analyze to which extent software architecture metrics has an effect on software product metrics and conclude that there are a number of significant relationships. In particular, the number of open defects depend significantly on all our architecture measures. Furthermore, we introduce and analyze a new architecture metric that measures the density of the package dependency graph. Future research is needed to make predictions on a per-project basis, but the effects found may be relied on to draw conclusions about expected software quality given a set of projects. Contents 1 Introduction . .1 2 Metrics . .3 2.1 Product Metrics . -
Ed 315 952 Author Title Institution Spons Agency
DOCUMENT RESUME ED 315 952 EC 222 703 AUTHOR Dybwad, Rosemary F., Ed. TITLE International Directory of Mental Retardation Resources. Third Edition, 1986-89. INSTITUTION International League of Societies for Persons with Mental Handicaps, BrusselF (Belgium).; President's Committee on Mental Retardation, Washington, D.C. SPONS AGENCY National Inst. on Disability and Rehabilitation Research (ED/OSERS), Washington, DC. REPORT NO DHHS-(OHDS)-88-21019; ISBN-1-55672-051-3 PUB DATE 89 NOTE 329p.; For the Revised Edition (1977-78), see ED 185 727. AVAILABLE FROMSuperintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402. PUB TYPE Reference Materials - Directories/Catalogs (132) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC14 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Adults; Agency Cooperation; Elementary Secondary Education; *Foreign Countries; Government Role; *International Cooperaticn; International Educational Exchange; *International Organizations; *Mental Retardation; Professional Associations; Vo,.untary Agencies IDENTIFIERS United Nations ABSTRACT Intended to aid networking efforts among mental retardation professionals, parents, and persons with retardation, the directory lists international organizations and provides individual country reports on mental retardation efforts and organizations. Part I, international organizations, lists the United Nations and 5 of its specialized agencies, 3 inter-governmental (regional) organizations, 2 international coordinating agencies, and 25 international non-governmental organizations. Address, founding date, and a -
Debian 1 Debian
Debian 1 Debian Debian Part of the Unix-like family Debian 7.0 (Wheezy) with GNOME 3 Company / developer Debian Project Working state Current Source model Open-source Initial release September 15, 1993 [1] Latest release 7.5 (Wheezy) (April 26, 2014) [±] [2] Latest preview 8.0 (Jessie) (perpetual beta) [±] Available in 73 languages Update method APT (several front-ends available) Package manager dpkg Supported platforms IA-32, x86-64, PowerPC, SPARC, ARM, MIPS, S390 Kernel type Monolithic: Linux, kFreeBSD Micro: Hurd (unofficial) Userland GNU Default user interface GNOME License Free software (mainly GPL). Proprietary software in a non-default area. [3] Official website www.debian.org Debian (/ˈdɛbiən/) is an operating system composed of free software mostly carrying the GNU General Public License, and developed by an Internet collaboration of volunteers aligned with the Debian Project. It is one of the most popular Linux distributions for personal computers and network servers, and has been used as a base for other Linux distributions. Debian 2 Debian was announced in 1993 by Ian Murdock, and the first stable release was made in 1996. The development is carried out by a team of volunteers guided by a project leader and three foundational documents. New distributions are updated continually and the next candidate is released after a time-based freeze. As one of the earliest distributions in Linux's history, Debian was envisioned to be developed openly in the spirit of Linux and GNU. This vision drew the attention and support of the Free Software Foundation, who sponsored the project for the first part of its life. -
SPI Annual Report 2015
Software in the Public Interest, Inc. 2015 Annual Report July 12, 2016 To the membership, board and friends of Software in the Public Interest, Inc: As mandated by Article 8 of the SPI Bylaws, I respectfully submit this annual report on the activities of Software in the Public Interest, Inc. and extend my thanks to all of those who contributed to the mission of SPI in the past year. { Martin Michlmayr, SPI Secretary 1 Contents 1 President's Welcome3 2 Committee Reports4 2.1 Membership Committee.......................4 2.1.1 Statistics...........................4 3 Board Report5 3.1 Board Members............................5 3.2 Board Changes............................6 3.3 Elections................................6 4 Treasurer's Report7 4.1 Income Statement..........................7 4.2 Balance Sheet............................. 13 5 Member Project Reports 16 5.1 New Associated Projects....................... 16 5.2 Updates from Associated Projects................. 16 5.2.1 0 A.D.............................. 16 5.2.2 Chakra............................ 16 5.2.3 Debian............................. 17 5.2.4 Drizzle............................. 17 5.2.5 FFmpeg............................ 18 5.2.6 GNU TeXmacs........................ 18 5.2.7 Jenkins............................ 18 5.2.8 LibreOffice.......................... 18 5.2.9 OFTC............................. 19 5.2.10 PostgreSQL.......................... 19 5.2.11 Privoxy............................ 19 5.2.12 The Mana World....................... 19 A About SPI 21 2 Chapter 1 President's Welcome SPI continues to focus on our core services, quietly and competently supporting the activities of our associated projects. A huge thank-you to everyone, particularly our board and other key volun- teers, whose various contributions of time and attention over the last year made continued SPI operations possible! { Bdale Garbee, SPI President 3 Chapter 2 Committee Reports 2.1 Membership Committee 2.1.1 Statistics On January 1, 2015 we had 512 contributing and 501 non-contributing mem- bers. -
Pipenightdreams Osgcal-Doc Mumudvb Mpg123-Alsa Tbb
pipenightdreams osgcal-doc mumudvb mpg123-alsa tbb-examples libgammu4-dbg gcc-4.1-doc snort-rules-default davical cutmp3 libevolution5.0-cil aspell-am python-gobject-doc openoffice.org-l10n-mn libc6-xen xserver-xorg trophy-data t38modem pioneers-console libnb-platform10-java libgtkglext1-ruby libboost-wave1.39-dev drgenius bfbtester libchromexvmcpro1 isdnutils-xtools ubuntuone-client openoffice.org2-math openoffice.org-l10n-lt lsb-cxx-ia32 kdeartwork-emoticons-kde4 wmpuzzle trafshow python-plplot lx-gdb link-monitor-applet libscm-dev liblog-agent-logger-perl libccrtp-doc libclass-throwable-perl kde-i18n-csb jack-jconv hamradio-menus coinor-libvol-doc msx-emulator bitbake nabi language-pack-gnome-zh libpaperg popularity-contest xracer-tools xfont-nexus opendrim-lmp-baseserver libvorbisfile-ruby liblinebreak-doc libgfcui-2.0-0c2a-dbg libblacs-mpi-dev dict-freedict-spa-eng blender-ogrexml aspell-da x11-apps openoffice.org-l10n-lv openoffice.org-l10n-nl pnmtopng libodbcinstq1 libhsqldb-java-doc libmono-addins-gui0.2-cil sg3-utils linux-backports-modules-alsa-2.6.31-19-generic yorick-yeti-gsl python-pymssql plasma-widget-cpuload mcpp gpsim-lcd cl-csv libhtml-clean-perl asterisk-dbg apt-dater-dbg libgnome-mag1-dev language-pack-gnome-yo python-crypto svn-autoreleasedeb sugar-terminal-activity mii-diag maria-doc libplexus-component-api-java-doc libhugs-hgl-bundled libchipcard-libgwenhywfar47-plugins libghc6-random-dev freefem3d ezmlm cakephp-scripts aspell-ar ara-byte not+sparc openoffice.org-l10n-nn linux-backports-modules-karmic-generic-pae -
Producing Open Source Software How to Run a Successful Free Software Project
Producing Open Source Software How to Run a Successful Free Software Project Karl Fogel Producing Open Source Software: How to Run a Successful Free Software Project by Karl Fogel Copyright © 2005-2017 Karl Fogel, under the CreativeCommons Attribution-ShareAlike (4.0) license [http://cre- ativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/]. Version: 2.0 Dedication This book is dedicated to two dear friends without whom it would not have been possible: Karen Under- hill and Jim Blandy. i Table of Contents Preface ............................................................................................................................. vi Why Write This Book? ............................................................................................... vi Who Should Read This Book? .................................................................................... vii Sources ................................................................................................................... vii Acknowledgements ................................................................................................... viii For the first edition (2005) ................................................................................ viii For the second edition (2017) ............................................................................... x Disclaimer .............................................................................................................. xiii 1. Introduction ................................................................................................................... -
Math Symbol Tables
APPENDIX A Math symbol tables A.1 Hebrew and Greek letters Hebrew letters Type Typeset \aleph ℵ \beth ℶ \daleth ℸ \gimel ℷ © Springer International Publishing AG 2016 481 G. Grätzer, More Math Into LATEX, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-23796-1 482 Appendix A Math symbol tables Greek letters Lowercase Type Typeset Type Typeset Type Typeset \alpha \iota \sigma \beta \kappa \tau \gamma \lambda \upsilon \delta \mu \phi \epsilon \nu \chi \zeta \xi \psi \eta \pi \omega \theta \rho \varepsilon \varpi \varsigma \vartheta \varrho \varphi \digamma ϝ \varkappa Uppercase Type Typeset Type Typeset Type Typeset \Gamma Γ \Xi Ξ \Phi Φ \Delta Δ \Pi Π \Psi Ψ \Theta Θ \Sigma Σ \Omega Ω \Lambda Λ \Upsilon Υ \varGamma \varXi \varPhi \varDelta \varPi \varPsi \varTheta \varSigma \varOmega \varLambda \varUpsilon A.2 Binary relations 483 A.2 Binary relations Type Typeset Type Typeset < < > > = = : ∶ \in ∈ \ni or \owns ∋ \leq or \le ≤ \geq or \ge ≥ \ll ≪ \gg ≫ \prec ≺ \succ ≻ \preceq ⪯ \succeq ⪰ \sim ∼ \approx ≈ \simeq ≃ \cong ≅ \equiv ≡ \doteq ≐ \subset ⊂ \supset ⊃ \subseteq ⊆ \supseteq ⊇ \sqsubseteq ⊑ \sqsupseteq ⊒ \smile ⌣ \frown ⌢ \perp ⟂ \models ⊧ \mid ∣ \parallel ∥ \vdash ⊢ \dashv ⊣ \propto ∝ \asymp ≍ \bowtie ⋈ \sqsubset ⊏ \sqsupset ⊐ \Join ⨝ Note the \colon command used in ∶ → 2, typed as f \colon x \to x^2 484 Appendix A Math symbol tables More binary relations Type Typeset Type Typeset \leqq ≦ \geqq ≧ \leqslant ⩽ \geqslant ⩾ \eqslantless ⪕ \eqslantgtr ⪖ \lesssim ≲ \gtrsim ≳ \lessapprox ⪅ \gtrapprox ⪆ \approxeq ≊ \lessdot -
Billy Drummond U
Ravi Coltrane I EXCLUSIVE Marian McPartland Book Excerpt DOWNBEAT JACK DEJOHNETTE JACK // RAVI RAVI C OLT R ANE // Jack MA R IAN MCPA IAN DeJohnette’s R TLAN D BIG SOUND // JOEL JOEL Joel Harrison H A rr Endless Guitar ISON // BILLY D BILLY Drum School » Billy Drummond R U mm BLINDFOLD TEST ON D » Bill Stewart TRANSCRIPTION » Tommy Igoe MASTER CLASS » Dan Weiss PRO SESSION NOVEMBER 2012 U.K. £3.50 NOVE M B E R 2012 DOWNBEAT.COM NOVEMBER 2012 VOLUME 79 – NuMBER 11 President Kevin Maher Publisher Frank Alkyer Managing Editor Bobby Reed News Editor Hilary Brown Reviews Editor Aaron Cohen Contributing Editors Ed Enright Zach Phillips Art Director Ara Tirado Production Associate Andy Williams Bookkeeper Margaret Stevens Circulation Manager Sue Mahal Circulation Assistant Evelyn Oakes ADVERTISING SALES Record Companies & Schools Jennifer Ruban-Gentile 630-941-2030 [email protected] Musical Instruments & East Coast Schools Ritche Deraney 201-445-6260 [email protected] OFFICES 102 N. Haven Road Elmhurst, IL 60126–2970 630-941-2030 / Fax: 630-941-3210 http://downbeat.com [email protected] CUSTOMER SERVICE 877-904-5299 [email protected] CONTRIBUTORS Senior Contributors: Michael Bourne, John McDonough Atlanta: Jon Ross; Austin: Michael Point, Kevin Whitehead; Boston: Fred Bouchard, Frank-John Hadley; Chicago: John Corbett, Alain Drouot, Michael Jackson, Peter Margasak, Bill Meyer, Mitch Myers, Paul Natkin, Howard Reich; Denver: Norman Provizer; Indiana: Mark Sheldon; Iowa: Will Smith; Los Angeles: Earl Gibson, Todd Jenkins, Kirk Silsbee, Chris Walker, Joe Woodard; Michigan: John Ephland; Minneapolis: Robin James; Nashville: Bob Doerschuk; New Or- leans: Erika Goldring, David Kunian, Jennifer Odell; New York: Alan Bergman, Herb Boyd, Bill Douthart, Ira Gitler, Eugene Gologursky, Norm Harris, D.D. -
Social Dynamics of Free and Open Source Team Communications
Social dynamics of free and open source team communications James Howison, Keisuke Inoue, and Kevin Crowston School of Information Studies Syracuse University Syracuse, USA {jhowison,kinoue,crowston}@syr.edu Abstract 1 This paper furthers inquiry into the social structure of free and open source software (FLOSS) teams by undertaking social network analysis across time. Contrary to expectations, we confirmed earlier findings of a wide distribution of centralizations even when examining the networks over time. The paper also provides empir- ical evidence that while change at the center of FLOSS projects is relatively uncommon, participation across the project communities is highly skewed, with many participants appearing for only one pe- riod. Surprisingly, large project teams are not more likely to undergo change at their centers. Keywords: Software Development, Human Fac- tors, Dynamic social networks, FLOSS teams, bug fixing, communications, longitudinal social network analysis 1 Introduction and Literature Review Free/Libre Open Source Software (FLOSS2) is a broad term used to em- brace software developed and released under an “open source” license allowing inspection, modification and redistribution of the software’s source without charge (“free as in beer”). Much though not all of this software is also “free software,” meaning that derivative works must be made available under the same unrestrictive license terms (“free as in speech”, thus “libre”). We study 1 Acknowledgement: This research was partially supported by NSF Grants 03– 41475, 04–14468 and 05–27457. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or rec- ommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation 2 The free software movement and the open source movement are distinct and have different philosophies but mostly common practices. -
Software Process Maturity and the Success of Free Software Projects
Software Process Maturity and the Success of Free Software Projects Martin MICHLMAYR Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering University of Melbourne Victoria, 3010, Australia 1 e-mail: [email protected] Abstract. The success of free software and open source projects has increased interest in utilizing the open source model for mature software development. However, the ad hoc nature of open source development may result in poor quality software or failures for a number of volunteer projects. In this paper, projects from SourceForge are assessed to test the hypothesis that there is a relationship between process maturity and the success of free software and open source projects. This study addresses the question of whether the maturity of particular software processes differs in successful and unsuccessful projects. Processes are identified that are key factors in successful free software projects. The insights gained from this study can be applied as to improve the software process used by free software projects. Keywords. Process maturity, quality improvement, free software, open source Introduction The development model employed in free software and open source projects is unique in many respects. Free software and open source projects are traditionally characterized by two factors that have an impact on quality and project management [8], [7]. The first factor is that they are performed by volunteers, the second that the participants are globally distributed. In addition to these two important characteristics, the development model is also crucially determined by the nature of free software and open source itself; all source code is available and shared with others. Raymond suggests that this open exchange leads to a high level of peer review and user involvement [11], [13]. -
A Brief History of Debian I
A Brief History of Debian i A Brief History of Debian A Brief History of Debian ii 1999-2020Debian Documentation Team [email protected] Debian Documentation Team This document may be freely redistributed or modified in any form provided your changes are clearly documented. This document may be redistributed for fee or free, and may be modified (including translation from one type of media or file format to another or from one spoken language to another) provided that all changes from the original are clearly marked as such. Significant contributions were made to this document by • Javier Fernández-Sanguino [email protected] • Bdale Garbee [email protected] • Hartmut Koptein [email protected] • Nils Lohner [email protected] • Will Lowe [email protected] • Bill Mitchell [email protected] • Ian Murdock • Martin Schulze [email protected] • Craig Small [email protected] This document is primarily maintained by Bdale Garbee [email protected]. A Brief History of Debian iii COLLABORATORS TITLE : A Brief History of Debian ACTION NAME DATE SIGNATURE WRITTEN BY September 14, 2020 REVISION HISTORY NUMBER DATE DESCRIPTION NAME A Brief History of Debian iv Contents 1 Introduction -- What is the Debian Project? 1 1.1 In the Beginning ................................................... 1 1.2 Pronouncing Debian ................................................. 1 2 Leadership 2 3 Debian Releases 3 4 A Detailed History 6 4.1 The 0.x Releases ................................................... 6 4.1.1 The Early Debian Packaging System ..................................... 7 4.2 The 1.x Releases ................................................... 7 4.3 The 2.x Releases ................................................... 8 4.4 The 3.x Releases ................................................... 8 4.5 The 4.x Releases ..................................................