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1 Historic Preservation Historic 01 Introduction

Historic preservation is the practice of conserving the past in its built form. It can be an effective tool for placemaking, allowing communities to promote a shared history. More than just the protection of old buildings, preservation can be used to restore building forms and typologies that have fallen out of favor. When pursued correctly, it can be used by communities to advance other priorities including quality of life, land use, and mobility.

South Orange is blessed with an abundance of historic structures. The community’s building stock is the legacy of several centuries of South Orange residents. That legacy is a living reminder that residents are part of something bigger than themselves: a community that dates back to the Colonial Era and has withstood the test of time. It’s essential to preserve that legacy.

The Village boasts a body of architecture that is almost unparalleled in its diversity. Streetscapes contain buildings constructed in a multitude of styles, ranging from Gothic and Italianate to Stick and Shingle to Tudor and Art Deco.

North Ridgewood Road the future. potential sites anddistricts for designation in role ofapreservation elementisto identify These provisions make clear that themain majority vote. element ifitapproves azoning ordinance ina site or district not identified in the preservation the Board ofTrustees candesignate ahistoric master plan. That said,agoverning body like in identified the preservation elementofamunicipality’s be must ordinance zoning a in 65.1, allhistoric sites anddistricts designated districts withinamunicipality. Under40:55D- explicit functioninthedesignation ofsites and The law alsogives thepreservation elementan element serves three mainfunctions: According to 40:55D-28(10), the preservation scope ofamaster plan’s preservation element. on the language specific includes MLUL The Statutory Requirements Element. the Village prepared thisHistoric Preservation how ‘historic’ itwas. To care for that heritage, community, residents frequently mentioned Village for generations. Asked to describetheir places, whichiswhy peoplehave moved to the That form setsSouthOrange apartfrom other feel they were partofacommunity. that encouraged interaction andmadeone centuries, atimeofhuman-scaledevelopment product ofthenineteenth andearlytwentieth oriented andpedestrian-friendly. This form isa that was built and designed to be transit- also has a dense and active commercial core and thosefullofleafy, picturesque estates. It comprised ofcloselybuilt,intimate homes even today. The Village has neighborhoods form its influences heritage community’s The serve businesses, industry, andinstitutions. alike andhashistoric sites that once andstill to elegantmansionsandmodest cottages historic forms anduses.SouthOrange ishome These sites alsorepresent abroad variety of • • • have onpreservation. the other elementsofthemaster planmay assess Third, itcanevaluate theimpactthat and community. define a in places the of significance historic to used Second, it may detail the standards and districts. sites historic of significance and First, itshouldindicate thelocation site, altered andenlarged by 19 extant seventeenth century structure. The Orange therare community to have an have been built close to 1680, makes South Old Stone House. The structure, believed to The oldest structure inSouth Orange is the Colonial/Revolutionary Central Business District. distinctive residential neighborhoodsand The buildingstock isneatly oraganized into and town centers ofthenineteenth century. character that recalls theneighborhoods and has a human-scaled, relatively dense reason, the Village is relatively walkable was builtpriorto World War Two. For this Much ofthebuildingstock inSouthOrange Historic Resources these criteria. The historic resources discussed here willuse district, must satisfy oneofthesecriteria: To meritprotection, ahistoric site, object,or Broadly speaking,theactsetfour criteria. set was in theNational Preservation Act significance of1966. historic The for be protected. standard to order in significance A historic resource must have historic Criteria forHistoricSignificance by municipalworkers. sits inastate of disrepair, thoughmonitored Avenue. Vacant for decades,thestructure behind thepolice station onSouthOrange additions, islocated onmunicipal property, important to history orprehistory. may belikely to yield,information (d) The property must show, or distinction. components may lackindividual and distinguishable entitywhose values, orrepresent asignificant of amaster, possess highartistic construction, represent thework of atype, period,ormethodof the distinctive characteristics The property must(c) embody our past. with thelives ofpersonssignificantin (b) patterns ofourhistory. significant contribution to thebroad with events that have madea (a) The property must beassociated The property must beassociated th -century

Historic Preservation Two structures in South Orange date to the Revolutionary Era. The vernacular home at 497 South Orange Avenue is believed to have been built around 1770. Overlooking Floods Hill, the Squier House on North Ridgewood Road dates to 1774. The home, which was built well before its neighbors, is set at an unusually large distance from the right-of-way. This is common for South Orange structures built on large agricultural tracts before land nearby was subdivided into residential neighborhoods.

Nineteenth-Century Residential Old Stone House, c. 1680 Isolated Vernacular Houses There are several vernacular residences that predate the modern-day neighborhoods in which they’re located. Of these, the most notable is the Bishop Baldwin House, located in the Montrose Park Historic District. Lesser-known sites include vernacular residences in Lower Wyoming (30 Hart Drive South and 520 Wyoming Avenue) and South Mountain (360 West End Road). There are also two vernacular houses along Irvington Avenue (204 and 407 Irvington Avenue, respectively). 497 South Orange Avenue, c. 1770 connected SouthOrange and Irvington Avenues. Place, Riggs Place, andFairview Avenue, that 1870 and1900withthelaying of streets—Cottage This sectionofSeton Village was builtupbetween Seton Village from Cottage Place to Ward Place Historic District. Heights constitute the core of the Prospect Street 319 Prospect Street.The historic housesinAcademy grouping includesthoselocated at 225,237, and several of the homes on Prospect Street. This latter there homes include thecottages onRoland Avenue significant aswell as historically The section. developed later thantheneighborhood’s northern The southernpartofAcademy Heightswas and thecompact Gothichomeat 206Prospect. in thisstretch includetheStick villaat 152 Prospect in South Orange outside Montrose Park. The houses some ofthemost impressive Victorian architecture stretch of Prospect Street after Third Street has such fraternal organizations astheElksClub. The include housingfor personswithspecialneedsand are usedtoday for institutional purposes.These Empire, Italianate, andStick styles, and someofthem Milligan Place. These residences were inSecond other streets, Third Street, Prospect Street, and More opulenthomes occupy larger lots on,among Second Street between Valley andProspect Streets. Heights, the most distinguished are located on towns across America.Ofthecottages inAcademy from pattern books, as was done at the time in throughout thecountry, theplanswere likely taken styles. Like similar cottages built in communities have elementsofItalianate andStick residential frame homes,follow simplepatterns, thoughsome plots nomore than30to 50feet wide. The wood were constructed closeto thelotlineonsmall Second Street canstill beseentoday. The cottages 1871. Milligan’s development, onMilliganPlace and including those developed by Luther Milligan in elegant homeswere builtafter theCivilWar, as thelate 1830sandearly1840s.Larger, more modest wood-frame cottages were built as early of downtown cameinAcademy Heights.Here, The earliest residential development outside Academy Heights 520 Wyoming Avenue 360 West EndRoad 497 South Orange Avenue 407 Irvington Avenue 204 Irvington Avenue 30 HartDrive South 330 CumberlandDrive 311 Centre Street (BishopBaldwinHouse) 167 NorthRidgewood Road (SquierHouse) Isolated VernacularStructures Italianate-Influenced Cottages,AcademyHeights Gothic RevivalHouse,ProspectStreet Home onCottage Place

Historic Preservation These blocks have some of the narrowest lots in South Orange, with some Riggs Place lots as narrow as 25 feet. That said, the depths of these lots tend to be large, ranging from 150 to 175 feet. Wood-frame cottages were built on Cottage Place in the early 1870s and presumably giving the street its name. A handful of well-preserved cottages remain on the street today. Riggs Place, which was developed later, is lined with Queen Anne and Colonial homes, with former being the more notable. Fairview Avenue has some modest Queen Anne and many modest Colonial Revival homes. The portion of Seton Village south of the university was largely built in the early twentieth century but does not have any homes that are exemplary versions of a style.

Streetscape, South Ridgewood Road South Mountain - South Ridgewood Road South Ridgewood Road has several distinctive houses from the early Victorian era. Some have been altered while the integrity of others appears intact. These include a pair of Gothic-influenced residences located at 24 and 184 Ridgewood respectively. Potentially, there are also several structures on Walton Avenue that may be worthy of future investigation.

Stick houses, both cottages and larger houses, are located on nearby Church and Third Streets. Unfortunately, the structures on these streets have all been significantly altered.

West Montrose West Montrose was first developed in the years Second Empire House, Meeker Street following the Civil War. The first structures appeared on Meeker Street including Montrose Hall, which was on the present site of Mountain Station and has long been demolished. Nineteenth century homes still line much of Meeker Street from Montrose Avenue to Mountain House Road. These include two well-preserved Second Empire homes and three Stick residences. The Queen Anne at 52 Montrose Avenue is also noteworthy. Lots here are approximately 50 feet wide and 145 feet deep. The 1986 survey recommended that this block be surveyed for a possible historic district, which it dubbed the Meeker Street Historic District.

Much of the rest of West Montrose was filled in after 1880. Hillside Place is the site of one of the neighborhood’s largest and most diverse groupings of domestic architecture. The architectural styles on Hillside and other nearby streets include Queen Anne, Shingle, Colonial Revival, and Mediterranean Revival, among others.

Colonial Revival on Hillside Place Place have widthsranging from 75 to 100feet. Road on Glenside tend to be75 to 125feet widewhilethoseonMelrose lots Still, difficult. comparisons have irregular shapes whichmakes straightforward historic district. Many of the lots on these streets ascontributing streets properties that could provide the basis for a potential on both homes identified candidates for ahistoric district. Priorsurveys have Place andGlensideRoad would bethemost likely As for thelocalstreets inUpperWyoming, Melrose at 407 NorthRidgewood Road. 351 NorthRidgewood Road, andtheEclectic House Ridgewood Road, theFrench Renaissance Revival at the ItalianRenaissance Revival mansionat 320North after theturnoftwentieth century. These include Ridgewood were builtinthelate nineteenth orjust The most distinctive ofthe homes onNorth of Forest Road North Ridgewood Road andLower Wyoming North District covers almost alloftheneighborhood. Designated in1997, theMontrose Park Historic in 1911,dates to thistime. Colonial, andTudor. Grove Park, whichwas completed The residences inthisarea tend to beCraftsman, middle-class professionals andnotthewealthy elite. on theselotswere, for themost part,meantfor were developed after 1900. The homesconstructed The blocks south of Grove Road and Irving Avenue was modest compared withthenineteenth century. The neighborhood’s twentieth century development those inotherSouthOrange neighborhoods. To thisday, thelotsinnorthernMontrose Park dwarf development inaregion that was rapidly urbanizing. speculators alsouseddeedrestrictions to impede much ofnorthernMontrose Park. Kingmanandother 200 feet. These lotsshapedthedevelopment of blocks sothat nolotwould besmaller than100x enclave for the wealthy, Kingman designed the To ensure that Montrose remained an exclusive Thomas Kingman. in subsequentdecadesat thebehest ofinvestors like temporarily derailed development, butitcontinued work every day. The Panic of1873 ruinedVose and live onpastoral estates andstill take therailroad to site would appealto wealthy New Yorkers whocould first was and hispartnerHenryPage. The menthoughtthe Park Montrose became developed by JohnGorhamVose, aNew York that attorney, land The Village. the most architecturally diverse housingstock inthe known for itsGilded Age mansions and probably has South Orange’s builtheritage. The neighborhoodis Montrose Park iswidelyconsidered thekeystone of Montrose Park Shingle House,VoseAvenue Shingle-Style House,MontrosePark North RidgewoodRoad French RenaissanceRevival

Historic Preservation Twentieth-Century Residential Tuxedo Park Tuxedo Park was constructed mostly in a multi- year spurt prior to World War One. Lots in the neighborhood’s northern half are somewhat larger than those in its southern section. To be specific, lots north of Cameron Road range from 60 to 80 feet wide while most have a depth of 150 feet. South of Cameron Road, most lots have a width of 50 feet or less while almost all have a depth of 100 feet. Architecturally, the neighborhood stands out for its Mediterranean Revival homes. The neighborhood is very attractive, but only a handful of homes could be characterized as exemplary or striking examples of an architectural style. Earlier studies have identified Tuxedo Park as an area to survey for the potential designation of a historic district. Art Mordene House, Tillou Road Lower Wyoming – South Lower Wyoming’s southern portion was built largely between 1910 and 1930. The properties on Tillou Road are the largest in this area, with lot widths of 100 feet and lot depths of 250 feet. Those on Beech Spring and Highland have lot widths that range from 65 to 100 feet. Of the homes in this area, the oldest are on Tillou Road, which was constructed around 1912. Tudor and Colonial Revival homes constitute most of the homes on Tillou Road as well as those on nearby Beech Spring and Highland Roads. The major exception is 279 Tillou Road, an Art Moderne house with a façade that contains distinctive glass block, and which was identified in the 1986 Essex County Survey as a potential historic site. Storybook Tudor, Upper Wyoming Upper Wyoming Tudor and Colonial Revival homes built in the 1920s and early 1930s account for much of Upper Wyoming’s housing stock. The largest cluster is centered along Mayhew Road and Harding Drive, particularly where they are intersected by Overhill Road and Twin Oak Road. The most ornate, however, may be in the neighborhood’s northern portion, between 472 and 496 Mayhew Court.

Lots on north-south streets like Mayhew Court, Mayhew Road, and Harding Drive tend to be approximately 75 feet wide while those on streets with a west-to-east orientation like Twin Oak Road tend to be 100 feet wide.

South Mountain – Tudor Tudor Revival Homes, South Mountain The housing stock in South Mountain is largely comprised of Tudor houses built in the 1920s and 30s. The most notable houses run along West End Road and Western Avenue. Village. structure isoneofthefew Art Deco buildingsin the receive federal historic taxcredits. Inany event, the opposed to owner-occupied, soitmay beeligibleto ofthe condition. The buildingisrenter-occupied, as boundary the western downtown. The complex appearsto beinpristine mark escapes, fire The apartments,whichare distinguished by their North Ridgewood Road andSouthOrange Avenue. Deco Ridgewood Apartments at the corner of One structure that hasbeenneglected istheArt properties worthy offuture investigation. County Cultural Resources Survey deemed both as the birthplace of the ‘sloppy joe’. The 1986 Essex the one-time site of theTown Hall Deli, better known is roofline, and cornice distinctive a has also which that includeIonicpilasters. 18SouthOrange Avenue, Avenue retains its historic storefront withfeatures 14 and18SouthOrange Avenue. 14SouthOrange Other properties that could meritdesignation include condition, withitsparapet androofline intact. of designation. The structure issimilar to its1920s arguably thecommercial structure most deserving integrity to meritdesignation. The BaumBuildingis number ofcommercial structures retain thehistoric beyond recognition. Consequently, onlyalimited storefronts ofmany that remain have beenaltered Avenue have been demolished. Additionally, the commercial structures that once linedSouthOrange and as a result most of the two- and three-story periods of development in the twentieth century South Orange’s downtown has gone through several Commercial Central BusinessDistrict impressive Ranchstructures. the 1930s, II. The neighborhoodisdistinguished for itsmany in appeared development beganinearnest after World War first homes Colonial and is alsoitslast to bedeveloped. Though Tudor The Village’s western-most neighborhood, Newstead, Newstead 60 to 75 feet. complex. Lot widthsinSouthMountainrange from which hasbeenconverted into asmallcondominium Colonial houseat 342-348 SouthRidgewood Road, stone a is non-Tudor structure significant most The Conway Court, located closeto SouthOrange Avenue. A smaller pocket of Tudor homes is located on Baum Building Ranch-Style Home,Newstead 342-38 SouthRidgewoodRoad

Historic Preservation Institutional

The downtown’s institutional landmarks are far more significant than its remaining commercial landmarks. This includes the Old Village Hall, the most notable landmark in the downtown and arguably all of South Orange. The 1894 structure, designed by the New York firm Rossiter and Wright, sat vacant and at risk for years. Fortunately, the site is being restored to be repurposed as a beer garden. This ‘success story’ could provide a model for other sites in the Village.

The downtown also has several other structures designed or used for public and quasi-public purposes. The French Eclectic Firehouse is arguably the most prominent of these and is still used by the South Orange Fire Department. The Romanesque Revival Connett Library is another prominent landmark downtown. The Library, which is a Key Contributing Property in the St. Andrew and Holy Communion Episcopal Church Montrose Park Historic District, is already designated as a Local Landmark. The Art Deco post office on Vose Avenue also has notable architectural features. Three churches are the other major historic sites in the downtown. These include the Church of St. Andrew and Holy Communion, First Presbyterian and Trinity Church, and the Romanesque Revival United Methodist Church.

Transportation Railroad Stations South Orange’s downtown train station recently celebrated its 100th anniversary. The 1916 structure is an eclectic combination of several architectural styles including Prairie and Mediterranean Revival. Both it and Mountain Station are listed on the Delaware, Connett Library Lackawanna and Western (DL&W) Railroad Thematic District, which covers the railroad stations that served the railroad’s Morris and Essex line. The waiting rooms of each are well-preserved and serve commuters every day.

Interior, South Orange Train Station

Pump House The two stations are not the only railroad facilities that have historic significance. The South Orange Pump Station is located on municipal property next to the Village’s public works facility. The DL&W used pump stations like this to store water for trains. The trains would draw and use the water, too heavy and voluminous to carry on board, to cool engines. The pumphouse has long since been in a state of disuse. Still, United Methodist Church NJ SHPO issued a Certificate of Eligibility for the pump house and other structures on the site. This means that the facilities could be listed on the New Jersey Register and, quite possibly, the National Register as well. earlier version. Ordinance was adopted in 2016 and replaced the same year after which,anupdated Preservation a Historic Preservation Ordinance (HPO) later that Historic Preservation Commission in2012, adopting Commission. The Board ofTrustees established the Recommendations for aHistoric Preservation report, Preserving Community Character: This proposal was thefoundation of a 2009 historic preservation commission. 2008 recommended that theVillage establish a documents like the Smart Growth Plan adopted in for whichthey were notoriginally intended. Planning mechanism, usingbulkregulations to achieve ends adopted in2003 andremain ineffect, are acrude single-family zones. These standards, whichwere in width lot minimum for standard the specifically were thebulkcontrols inthezoning ordinance and Society. The mainregulatory vehicle for preservation like theSouthOrange Historical andPreservation grassroots work andthededicated efforts ofgroups Prior to 2012, preservation was practiced through Regulatory Framework lose theirhistoric integrity. can causeproperties to fall into disrepair and ‘demolition by Demolitionby neglect’. neglect maintenance’ provision meant to prevent the ordinance does not have a‘preventative place anddemolitionscanoccur. Second, the Without suchaprovision, violations cantake First, deficiencies. some Ordinance lacks aprovision for penalties. has HPO The Issues there are 46suchsites inSouthOrange. included inhistoric districts. Asofthiswriting, Trustees, andkey contributing properties approved anddesignated by theBoard of Jersey Registers ofHistoric Places, Landmarks include properties ontheNational orNew that are designated asLandmarks. These are regulatory andmust befollowed for sites Appropriateness of Certificates sites. historic that could demolish,subdivide, ormove Certificates issue of Appropriateness to –isnecessary for projects ability its by embodied regulatory commission, anditsapproval – The Historic Preservation Commission isa Interior, SouthOrangeTrainStation

Historic Preservation Moreover, preventative maintenance provisions encourage property owners to maintain their property, Survey Areas, 1986 Essex County Cultural particularly absentee owners who may not be as Resources Survey emotionally invested in a community. Finally, the Ordinance makes no distinction between a Historic Listed, NHRP Resources or Landmark Inventory and a Potential Montrose Park Historic District Historic Sites Inventory. A potential historic sites Eligible, SHPO Opinion inventory like the one here is speculative in nature, Prospect Street Historic District while a Historic Landmark Inventory, by contrast, is Potential Eligible Historic Districts a rolling list that states all the historic landmarks in Hillside Place a community. Clearly referring to it in an Ordinance Meeker Street prevents unnecessary confusion. North Ridgewood Road Riggs Place Prior Surveys and Analysis South Ridgewood Road .Reconnaissance- vs Intensive-Level Surveys Tuxedo Park A historic designation requires an intensive-level survey. Source: NJ SHPO This level of work is beyond the scope of a preservation element, which can perform at most a reconnaissance- The survey found eight areas that could merit an level survey. Typically, these are carried out through intensive-level survey in the future to possibly a windshield survey, where properties are viewed establish a historic district, one of which became by car in a single outing. This was the case for 2016 the Montrose Park Historic District. SHPO has Preservation Element in nearby Montclair, which mainly issued a Certificate of Eligibility for another, the discussed neighborhoods that appeared to have an Prospect Street Historic District. To be designated, adequate number of historic resources to potentially an intensive-level survey must be carried out and be surveyed for the future establishment of a historic a report submitted to SHPO. That report would district. then identify properties for key contributing, An intensive-level survey, however, requires an in-person contributing, and non-contributing. review of the property on foot and a review of archival resources. The findings must then be documented in A similar process could unfold in the six other sufficient detail to convincingly demonstrate the site’s areas named in the report. That said, the survey historic significance. is not without its limitations. While the team identified a lengthy list of individual sites, they The designation of a historic district requires that an failed to include sites with a near identical profile. assessment be made for every property within the This is true even when the houses were in the same boundaries of the proposed district. Surveys should area. For instance, the consultants overlooked also assess whether a property contributes to the some houses on Second Street even as they noted historic integrity of the district overall. Properties are similar structures located on the next block. classified as non-contributing, contributing or key contributing properties. New Jersey categorizes key The boundaries of the proposed survey areas are contributing propertiesas sites with such rich historic similarly confusing. For instance, the area proposed value that they could be considered for designation as for a potential North Ridgewood Road Historic an individual landmark. Though not a requirement, it District includes Beech Spring Road, but does not is ideal for historic districts to include at least one key include Tillou Road, a street with homes of similar contributing property. style, scale, and that retain a similar level of integrity. Lastly, the survey documented historic sites on To this point, the only intensive-level survey conducted geographic proximity alone. Other approaches in South Orange was the one performed for the like thematic and architectural similarity were not Montrose Park Historic District nomination. taken. Again, this approach is most noticeable in 1986 Essex County Cultural Resources Survey the example of North Ridgewood Road, which Almost all recent preservation in South Orange has built includes a wide sampling of styles and residential off the recommendations made in the 1986 Essex County form. Cultural Resources Survey. Researchers contracted by the county surveyed properties in South Orange and fourteen other communities. The team conducted a windshield survey with the goal of identifying general areas that deserve closer examination. what issues acommission shouldprioritize. for recommendations made also firms the though the creation ofahistoric preservation commission, object of the report was to produce guidelines for land use controls as discussed above. The main list of recommendations, most ofwhichconcerned a made that 2009 in report their issued firms The possible establishment ofapreservation commission. firm preservation and Acroterion to make recommendations onthe Gruel and Heyer planners contracted Village the century, twenty-first the In 2009 Report onPreserving Community Character properties identifiedlongbefore. future designation ifonlyto review thehealthof is 34years old.Surveys shouldbeundertaken for somewhat dated. Asofthiswriting,the1986survey point, andnoted that thesurvey was becoming Community Character report emphasized just this with merit may be overlooked. Indeed, the 2009 survey with caution, particularly when historic sites Preservationists alsohave cause to treat the1986 contested incourt as‘arbitrary andcapricious’. designation, especiallywhenanactioncould be take should officials care before Village usingtheresults to justify unilateral caution. some with other towns. Even so, thereport shouldbetreated and worked hard to record resources inmany No doubt,theteam hadlimited timeandresources identified in the report. District andthe sixneighborhoodareas that encompasses the Prospect Street Historic protected. This includesa long list ofsites for individual sites that could potentially be The Primavera Planalso made recommendations additional places. six areas to besurveyed the withoutidentifying reaffirmed he Namely, report. Acroterion made in the 1986survey andthe2009 Primavera reiterated the recommendations Village’s Master Plan. with thediscussion underway to update the particularly eagerto make recommendations recommendations. The Commission was preservationist Peter Primavera to make Village’s vulnerable historic resources, tapping to work onidentifying andprotecting the the Historic Preservation Commission set 2016 Primavera Plan.Once established, areas identifiedin1986. by SHPO. That left the six remaining survey eligible as certified been had Street Prospect Park district hadbeendesignated andthe could besurveyed. By thistime, theMontrose That is,itdidnotidentifyadditionalsites that recommendations made in the 1986 document. The Community Character report reaffirmed the

Historic Preservation Potential Historic Sites, 1986 Essex County Survey 0719-116 305 North Ridgewood Road 1986 ID Property Address 0719-117 North Ridgewood Road 0719-001 158 Academy Street 0719-118 324 North Ridgewood Road 0719-002 314 Academy Street 0719-119 332 North Ridgewood Road 0719-003 317 Academy Street 0719-120 351 North Ridgewood Road 0719-004 366 Academy Street 0719-121 407 North Ridgewood Road 0719-028 356 Clark Street 0719-122 127 Prospect Place 0719-029 30 Cottage Street 0719-123 14 Prospect Street 0719-030 40 Cottage Street 0719-031 330 Cumberland Road 0719-124 102 Prospect Street 0719-032 339 Cumberland Road 0719-125 104-106 Prospect Street 0719-033 7 East Clark Place 0719-126 142 Prospect Street 0719-034 39 Fairview Avenue 0719-127 152 Prospect Street 0719-035 49 Fairview Avenue 0719-128 155 Prospect Street 0719-036 101 Fairview Avenue 0719-129 163 Prospect Street 0719-037 133 Fairview Avenue 0719-130 206 Prospect Street 0719-038 14 Glenside Road 0719-131 211 Prospect Street 0719-039 20 Glenside Road 0719-132 216 Prospect Street 0719-061 365 Hillside Place 0719-133 217 Prospect Street 0719-062 375 Hillside Place 0719-134 219 Prospect Street 0719-063 380 Hillside Place 0719-135 225 Prospect Street 0719-064 387 Hillside Place 0719-136 231 Prospect Street 0719-065 401 Hillside Place 0719-137 237 Prospect Street 0719-066 406 Hillside Place 0719-138 305 Prospect Street 0719-067 409 Hillside Place 0719-139 311 Prospect Street 0719-068 415 Hillside Place 0719-140 319 Prospect Street 0719-069 444 Hillside Place 0719-153 65 Randolph Place 0719-078 407 Irvington Avenue 0719-161 18 Riggs Place 0719-085 5 Mead Street 0719-162 30 Riggs Place 0719-086 360 Meeker Street 0719-163 34 Riggs Place 0719-087 422 Meeker Street 0719-164 55 Riggs Place 0719-088 430 Meeker Street 0719-165 57 Riggs Place 0719-089 433 Meeker Street 0719-166 61 Riggs Place 0719-090 441 Meeker Street 0719-167 79 Riggs Place 0719-091 282 Melrose Place 0719-168 83 Riggs Place 0719-092 356 Melrose Place 0719-169 93 Riggs Place 0719-093 363 Melrose Place 0719-170 86 Roland Avenue 0719-094 393 Melrose Place 0719-171 106 Roland Avenue 0719-095 400 Melrose Place 0719-172 55 Scotland Road 0719-096 108 Milligan Place 0719-187 19 Sloan Street 0719-097 109 Milligan Place 0719-188 50 So. Centre Street 0719-098 112-116 Milligan Place 0719-189 6 So. Kingman Road 0719-099 120 Milligan Place 0719-190 South Orange Avenue 0719-100 122 Milligan Place 0719-191 14 So. Orange Avenue 0719-101 167 Montague Place 0719-192 18 So. Orange Avenue 0719-102 174 Montague Place 0719-193 19-21 So. Orange Avenue 0719-115 167 North Ridgewood Road 0719-194 120 So. Orange Avenue 0719-270 0719-269 0719-268 0719-267 0719-266 0719-265 0719-264 0719-263 0719-262 0719-261 0719-260 0719-259 0719-258 0719-257 0719-256 0719-255 0719-254 0719-253 0719-252 0719-251 0719-250 0719-249 0719-248 0719-247 0719-246 0719-245 0719-237 0719-236 0719-235 0719-234 0719-222 0719-209 0719-207 0719-206 0719-205 0719-204 0719-203 0719-202 0719-201 0719-200 0719-199 0719-198 0719-197 0719-196 0719-195 133 Third Street 131 Third Street 116 Third Street 52 Third Street 48 Third Street 12 Third Street 115 Second Street 114 Second Street 111 Second Street 107 Second Street 102 Second Street 101 Second Street 78 Second Street 70 Second Street 63 Second Street 60-62 Second Street 15 Second Street 14 Second Street 9 Second Street 7 Second Street 52 SloanStreet 386 Wyoming Ave 370 Wyoming Ave 444 West So. Orange Ave 355 West EndRoad 348 West EndRoad 154 Ward Place 101 Ward Place 216 Walton Ave. 206 Walton Ave 116 Valley Street 279 Tillou Road 342 So. Ridgewood Road 184 So. Ridgewood Road 156 So. Ridgewood Road 50-54 So. Ridgewood Road 44 So. Ridgewood Road 42 So. Ridgewood Road West 160 SouthOrange Avenue 150 SouthOrange Avenue 497 So. Orange Avenue 102 So. Orange Avenue 197 So. Orange Avenue 101 So. Orange Avenue 88 So. Orange Avenue Source: Peter Primavera, LLC L hesitant to make agrant. attract fundingfrom groups whowould otherwisebe generated by thesyndication oftaxcredits canalso equity The organizations. non-profit from grants for A listing on the National Register is often a requirement wish to repurpose ahistoric property. on thefederal register ishelpful,shoulda future owner properties, Owner-occupied unfortunately, cannot qualifyfor thecredit. Still, listing significance. historic 20% credit toward thecosts to maintainaproperty’s for thefederal historic taxcredit, whichprovides a Properties listed ontheNational Register could qualify of Historic Places. credits, itisbest to belisted ontheNational Registers at riskinthelongrun.To qualifyfor grants andtax could leadto disinvestment that putshistoric sites increase thecost ofhousing,amongotherissues. This and whileeffective intheshortterm, they could ordinance impose financial costs on property owners, Local regulations like theVillage’s preservation Historic Firehouse National RegistersofHistoricPlaces isted andEligibleSites

Historic Preservation Six sites in South Orange are listed on the National Special attention should be given to the 421 Register and include some of the most prominent secondary buildings. These buildings, which include landmarks in the Village. Other landmarks are carriage houses, garages, and other outbuildings noticeably absent including the historic structures that may be overlooked. Of these, 39 carriage houses in the Village. and 310 other garages and outbuildings are assessed as contributing properties. It should be noted that Individual Sites, National Register of the several of the houses deemed primary buildings Historic Places were constructed originally as carriage houses. Eugene Kelly Carriage House These structures were converted at a later date to Mountain Railroad Station residences when the original estate was subdivided. Old Village Hall New Jersey Register of Historic Places Old Stone House by the Old Stone Brook As of this date, New Jersey does not have a historic South Orange Firehouse tax credit, though, bills to create one are proposed South Orange Railroad Station with some frequency in the state legislature. The most Source: National Park Service recent proposal as of this writing provided a robust subsidy. This bill was especially significant because it Montrose Historic District would have extended to historic sites that are owner- The Montrose Historic District is also on the occupied residences. This would be especially useful National Register of Historic Places. The district for a community like South Orange, where most encompasses 708 primary buildings and 421 historic sites are owner-occupied homes. Village secondary buildings. The primary buildings include officials should continue to monitor developments 40 key contributing properties, 511 contributing discussed at the state level on this and other issues. properties, and 157 non-contributing properties. Listing on the New Jersey Register does have tangible Two of these properties, the Old Stone House and benefits in the present. Most notably, properties on Mountain Station are protected separately by virtue the state register qualify for grants from the New of their listing on the National Register of Historic Jersey Historic Trust and could also qualify for grants Places. from non-profit organizations. could soonbelisted onthestate register. to alert stakeholders to asite’s historic value andthat it serves Certificate The a site Register. Jersey that recognizes meets thehistoric criteria to belisted ontheNew that isan judgment (COE) official Eligibility of Certificate A Village. of Certificates issued Eligibility for several historic resources inthe has Office Preservation above. That said, New Jersey’s State Historic structures ontheNational Register mentioned New Jersey Register ofHistoric Places are thesix institutions. The only South Orange sites on the downtowns or operated by community This isespecially helpfulfor properties in Districts Individual Sites South OrangePumpHouse South OrangeCentralBusiness District Prospect Street Chapel oftheImmaculate Conception Baird CommunityCenter Sites withCertificatesofEligibility Source: NJ SHPO others. Street, MilliganPlace, andRoland Avenue, among It would also include houses on Second Street, Third contributing properties inapotential historic district. Prospect Street, someofthesecould possibly bekey Empire, GothicRevival, andQueenAnnehouses on mentioned inthat survey. Including theStick, Second would presumably bemarked by thesites specially First Presbyterian and Trinity Church. The district boundary withMaplewood. Itwould alsoincludethe Street andstretching from Irvington Avenue to the much ofAcademy Heightsfrom Valley to Prospect by the1986Essex County survey. This encompasses of these, withboundariesthat follow thoseprescribed The Prospect Street Historic District isby far thelargest Districts Certified asEligible and SouthOrange House. Pump Street, theSouthOrange Central Business District, been also have issued for three historic districts that cover Prospect Eligibility of Certificates integrity. took great care to preserve thestructure’s historic to theadditionto thefacility. Even so, therenovations COE for the Baird Community Center was issued prior Immaculate Conception. Itshould be noted that the are theBaird Community Center andtheChapelof The two individual sites with a Certificate of Eligibility Sites Certified as Eligible

Historic Preservation The South Orange Central Business District would be anchored by sites already protected like Village Hall andwould encompass historic commercial properties like the Baum Building,stretching to Ridgewood Road.

The South Orange Pump House District would principally protect the historic railroad pump house located on municipal property next to the Rahway River. Additionally, it would cover several accessory structures associated with it including a steam pipe, a railway bridge, a trestle, and the pump house smokestack. risks to thefuture of theseproperties. these properties. Asdiscussed above, thisposes of more purchase could and gap the fill to move demand, institutional stakeholders like Seton Hall corridors from would-be residents. With sluggish In turn,thisdiminishesdemand for homesonthese Montrose Park andAcademy Heightsless livable. residents, andmakes historic neighborhoodslike endangers noise, creates roads these on traffic of major arterial orcollector streets. The highspeeds most heated debates regarding preservation are on The properties that have beenthesubjectof Unsafe andUnsightlyAutomobile Corridors greatly increases thethreat posed by neglect. preservation. Usingtheseoutbuildingsfor garages besthabitationa and is use practice of field the in requirements, whichisunfortunate becausehuman houses into garages to comply withthese structures. Property owners may convert carriage and garages are probably themost endangered Montrose Park. There, historic carriagehouses properties inneighborhoodswithlarger lotslike Parking requirements alsothreaten historic a driveway, letalonetwo spaces andadriveway. the lotsare sonarrow that there islimited room for predominate. InAcademy Heights,for instance, in areas neartheVillage’s core where smallerlots many historic residences. This isparticularlytrue requirements could bepotentially catastrophic to automobile parking requires a lot of space, these be inclinedto usea property initshistoric state. As deterrent to property owners whomay otherwise Off-street parking requirements are a major Off-Street Parking historic character oftheseneighborhoods. accessory structures, whichdetract from the residential properties by fences and other amount ofparkingandare setapartfrom adjacent Generally, thesebuildingshave aninordinate Hall, suchasthe RingBuildingonCentre Street. some ofthe historic structures owned by Seton neighborhoods. This impactcanbeseenin have anespeciallyadverse impactonresidential with high numbersofemployees andvisitors, can Offices, Street. Centre and Avenue, Turrell properties, particularlyonSouthOrange Avenue, University. The university owns several off-campus that occupied. This isparticularlytrueof Seton Hall found field the character ofthehistoric buildingsthey the in institutional actors were less mindfulofprotecting made Observations Incongruous Improvements above, there are several less obvious risks. In additionto therisksto properties included Additional ThreatstoPreservation they begin. residents and end preservation efforts before to more marginalized groups, could alienate only prioritizes privileged groups, asopposed tolerance. The perception that preservation multicultural history andanethicthat preaches South Orange, though,isacommunity witharich an activitypursuedby more fortunate groups. Unfortunately, preservation iswidelyseenas Public Difficulty inRaising Consciousness here andinotherplaces. used be potentially could and viable financially grants Brownfield are a popular method to make loft conversions costs. remediation for pay sites. That said,there are many sources that prohibitively expensive to rehabilitate these The liabilityorcosts required could make it may require a lengthy and expensive cleanup. properties. Repurposing theseproperties most notablefor theVillage’s historic railroad Environmental damageisanotherthreat, Environmental Conditions

Historic Preservation Recommendations

Goal 01: Continue to establish and enforce regulations that protect the Village’s built heritage.

Regulatory review is the linchpin of preservation at The North Ridgewood Road survey the local level. South Orange established a regulatory area should be expanded to include the framework for preservation in 2012, when it created the homes along Melrose Place and Franklin Terrace. These streets are lined with Historic Preservation Commission, which should use early twentieth-century homes similar the powers granted by the Preservation Ordinance to to those on adjacent blocks located investigate and designate historic sites, contingent on within the original survey area. The North approval by the Board of Trustees. Ridgewood Road area should also be expanded to the south to include Tillou Road between North Wyoming Avenue Objective 01: Survey and designate Local and North Ridgewood Road as well as Landmark Districts. properties on the south side of Beech Landmark districts could theoretically encompass Spring Road. The Tudor and Colonial Revival homes have a level of historic almost all of the Village’s historic building stock. integrity that is indistinguishable from Potential districts have previously been identified, those already included in the survey area. most notably by the 1986 Essex County survey. These recommendations can provide the foundation for any The area proposed for a potential Hillside future designation. Intensive-level surveys should be Place district should be expanded to pursued to designate geographic areas as districts. include all homes on the east side of It should be emphasized that nothing precludes an Hillside Place and should also include interested party from independently researching a set both sides of Hillside Terrace between of properties not mentioned herein to nominate for West Montrose Avenue and the boundary with West Orange. listing as a historic district on the National or New Jersey Register of Historic Places. Should any such district be These alterations would inform anyone listed, it would constitute a Local Landmark District as conducting an intensive-level survey in the defined in the Historic Preservation Ordinance. future and ensure that any preservation work treats residents fairly and equally. STRATEGIES 1. Formally designate the Academy Heights Historic District along the boundaries outlined in 4. Consider preparing multiple property the 1986 Cultural Resources Survey. submissions to designate districts for sites, structures, and objects that share 2. Conduct intensive-level surveys for structures an architectural style or historic theme. located within the areas identified by the 1986 Examples could include submissions for Essex County survey as potential areas in which Victorian era cottages and for the many to survey and designate a historic district. Tudor houses in the Village.

3. Slightly expand the boundaries of recommended 5. Notify property owners in advance survey areas to include historic sites neglected in whenever a survey is conducted to earlier surveys. evaluate sites for inclusion in any potential historic district. Researchers and the The areas recommended to not include blocks Preservation Commission should provide that had comparable levels of historic integrity the time frame for when a survey may and had contained homes designed in styles take place and indicate if they need to similar to those in blocks that were adjacent access the property. Practitioners and the but included in the survey area. The original Commission should also notify the police researchers also used the street centerline to and work with them to ensure that the establish the boundaries for the survey area. In survey is carried out safely and productively. doing so, they included homes on one side of the street but excluded similar homes on the opposite side. individual sites that may notbeknown by thepublic. potential historic sites canalsobeused to promote be considered for individualdesignation. The list of and, shouldthey satisfy thestandard herein, may resources. These sites shouldanchorhistoric districts South Orange hasalarge anddiverse setofhistoric landmarks Objective 02:Surveyanddesignateas 3. 2. 1. as appropriately goingforward. the future. The Village canaddtoandrevise thislist actors canusethis list to consider designation in sites. The Preservation Commission andother which pertainsonlyto designated districts and that isdistinct from theLandmarks Inventory, Formally establish alist ofpotential historic sites potentially as identified having historic significance. places and objects, to assess and designate any sites, structures, Perform intensive-level surveys with theintent ignored. objects, andplaces that have heretofore been to identifypotential historic sites, structures, Conduct acomprehensive, Village-wide survey STRATEGIES 5. 4.

productively. that thesurvey iscarriedoutsafely and police andwork withthemto ensure The Commission shouldalsonotifythe of theproperty they needto access. visit andnotifythemoftheportions owner surrounding thelogistics oftheir should coordinate with the property conducted by trained professionals who designation. The survey shouldbe property surveyed for individual Notify in advance the owners of any the National Register ofHistoric Places. Historic Preservation Act for listing on standards setby the1966National Local Landmarks should satisfy the for designation. As a general rule, sites designated as criteria the satisfies its report shoulddemonstrate that thesite analyzes and integrity asahistoric resource. The significance site’s should be prepared that details the designating aLocal Landmark,areport Whenever theCommission considers

Historic Preservation Potential Historic Sites Year Built Address Neighborhood According to Block Lot Assessor 174 N Wyoming Ave Lower Wyoming 1917 1301 20 196 N Wyoming Ave Lower Wyoming 1926 1302 17 370 N Wyoming Ave Lower Wyoming Unknown 302 5 386 N Wyoming Ave Lower Wyoming 1929 302 6 398 N Wyoming Ave Lower Wyoming 1930 302 7 370 Franklin Place Lower Wyoming 1924 302 9 502 Wyoming Avenue Lower Wyoming 1930 304 1 400 Melrose Place Lower Wyoming 1916 302 8 393 Melrose Place Lower Wyoming 1927 305 12 363 Melrose Place Lower Wyoming 1910 305 9 356 Melrose Place Lower Wyoming 1892 302 19 296 Melrose Place Lower Wyoming 1895 302 22 282 Melrose Place Lower Wyoming 1896 302 24 461 North Ridgewood Road Lower Wyoming 1920 307 28 447 North Ridgewood Road Lower Wyoming 1894 302 26 440 North Ridgewood Road West Montrose Unknown 409 4 3 Glenside Road Lower Wyoming 1924 302 56 11 Glenside Road Lower Wyoming 1914 302 55 20 Glenside Road Lower Wyoming 1913 302 32 22 Glenside Road Lower Wyoming 1890 302 33 21 Glenside Road Lower Wyoming 1913 302 50 26 Glenside Road Lower Wyoming 1918 302 35 29 Glenside Road Lower Wyoming 1917 302 47 36 Glenside Road Lower Wyoming 1916 302 40 317 Forest Road Lower Wyoming 1930 302 72 333 Forest Road Lower Wyoming 1928 301 4 355 Ravine Drive Lower Wyoming 1929 302 75 367 Ravine Drive Lower Wyoming 1933 302 76 380 Ravine Drive Lower Wyoming Unknown 301 2 377 Ravine Drive Lower Wyoming 1936 302 77 381 Forest Road Lower Wyoming 1930 302 1 365 Forest Road Lower Wyoming 1930 301 1 356 Forest Road Lower Wyoming 1940 1304 22 305 North Ridgewood Road Lower Wyoming Unknown 1304 6 407 North Ridgewood Road Lower Wyoming Unknown 302 57 361 North Ridgewood Road Lower Wyoming 1914 302 58 360 North Ridgewood Road West Montrose 1922 1201 9 320 North Ridgewood Road West Montrose Unknown 1201 4 301 North Ridgewood Road Lower Wyoming 1921 1304 33 285 North Ridgewood Road Lower Wyoming Unknown 1304 34 257 North Ridgewood Road Lower Wyoming Unknown 1304 35 105 North Ridgewood Road Lower Wyoming 1905 1302 1 235 Tillou Road Lower Wyoming 1903 1301 3 236 Tillou Road Lower Wyoming 1895 1802 18 247 Tillou Road Lower Wyoming 1914 1301 5 250 Tillou Road Lower Wyoming Unknown 1802 16 255 Tillou Road Lower Wyoming 1924 1301 6 260 Tillou Road Lower Wyoming 1910 1802 15 270 Tillou Road Lower Wyoming Unknown 1802 14 276 Tillou Road Lower Wyoming 1898 1802 13 399 Meadowbrook Lane 406 HillsidePlace 387 HillsidePlace 401 SouthOrange Ave 435 Twin OakRoad 356 Redmond Road 357 Redmond Road 364 Redmond Road 264 HighlandRoad 256 HighlandRoad 245 HighlandRoad 339 BeechSpringRoad 279 Tillou Road 286 Tillou Road 351 BeechSpringRoad 363 BeechSpringRoad 369 BeechSpringRoad 376 BeechSpringRoad 388 BeechSpringRoad 381 BeechSpringRoad 329 Tillou Road 328 Tillou Road 320 Tillou Road 305 Tillou Road 295 Tillou Road 292 Tillou Road 271 Tillou Road 110 SouthCentre Street 401 HillsidePlace 380 HillsidePlace 365 HillsidePlace 356 HillsidePlace 350 HillsidePlace 351 HillsidePlace 345 HillsidePlace 432 HillsidePlace 420 HillsidePlace 416 HillsidePlace 400 Meadowbrook Lane 424 ClarkStreet 52 West Montrose Avenue 72 West Montrose Avenue 174 West Montrose Avenue 444 HillsidePlace 411 Hillside Place 104 SouthCentre Street 59 SouthCentre Street 552 Sinclair Terrace 33 SouthCentre Street 515 HillsideTerrace 509 HillsideTerrace 501 HillsideTerrace 500 HillsideTerrace 453 HillsidePlace 425 HillsidePlace West Montrose West Montrose West Montrose Lower Wyoming Upper Wyoming Lower Wyoming Lower Wyoming Lower Wyoming Lower Wyoming Lower Wyoming Lower Wyoming Lower Wyoming Lower Wyoming Lower Wyoming Lower Wyoming Lower Wyoming Lower Wyoming Lower Wyoming Lower Wyoming Lower Wyoming Lower Wyoming Lower Wyoming Lower Wyoming Lower Wyoming Lower Wyoming Lower Wyoming Lower Wyoming Tuxedo Park West Montrose West Montrose West Montrose West Montrose West Montrose West Montrose West Montrose West Montrose West Montrose West Montrose West Montrose West Montrose West Montrose West Montrose West Montrose West Montrose West Montrose Tuxedo Park Tuxedo Park Tuxedo Park Tuxedo Park West Montrose West Montrose West Montrose West Montrose West Montrose West Montrose

Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown 1900 1900 1900 1906 1909 1909 1909 1930 1920 1902 1902 1884 1899 1929 1929 1929 1926 1926 1926 1926 1924 1924 1938 1895 1893 1928 1928 1879 1937 1937 1937 1927 1927 1901 1901 1914 1916 1919 1891 1915 1915 1915 1921 1921 1921 1911 1911 1911 1911 1406 1304 1204 1802 1802 1802 1802 1802 1303 1303 1303 1302 1302 1302 1302 1302 1302 1302 1202 1202 1202 1202 1301 1301 1301 1301 1301 1301 1301 409 409 409 409 1201 1201 1201 1201 804 402 402 402 802 802 401 410 410 410 410 410 410 901 901 413 413 413 30 43 26 23 25 10 10 10 10 10 14 14 16 16 18 13 31 13 13 15 15 15 12 12 21 12 12 12 11 11 4 9 6 9 9 9 6 9 6 9 8 8 8 8 8 3 5 5 5 5 2 1 1 1 1

Historic Preservation 116 South Centre Street Tuxedo Park 1927 802 7 125 South Centre Street Tuxedo Park 1926 901 19 146 South Centre Street Tuxedo Park 1929 802 1 151 South Centre Street Tuxedo Park 1935 901 26 163 South Centre Street Tuxedo Park 1926 901 27 104 South Kingman Road Tuxedo Park 1920 806 12 108 South Kingman Road Tuxedo Park 1922 806 11 105 South Kingman Road Tuxedo Park 1913 803 12 115 South Kingman Road Tuxedo Park 1921 803 13 575 Cameron Road Tuxedo Park 1927 804 9 605 Cameron Road Tuxedo Park Unknown 808 18 584 Sinclair Terrace Tuxedo Park Unknown 804 7 1 South Stanley Road Tuxedo Park 1923 809 8 101 Ward Place Seton Village Unknown 2107 14 29 Ward Place Seton Village 1893 2108 20 407 Irvington Avenue Seton Village 1904 2110 32 101 Fairview Avenue Seton Village 1901 2103 15 53 Fairview Avenue Seton Village 1890 2104 21 49 Fairview Avenue Seton Village 1880 2104 20 39 Fairview Avenue Seton Village 1895 2104 18 15 Riggs Place Seton Village 1910 2022 20 65 Riggs Place Seton Village 1895 2022 35 83 Riggs Place Seton Village Unknown 2022 40 89 Riggs Place Seton Village 1905 2022 41 40 Cottage Place Seton Village 1879 2022 5 42 Cottage Place Seton Village 1879 2022 4 30 Cottage Place Seton Village 1874 2022 7 320 Cumberland Road South Mountain 1906 2404 7 330 Cumberland Road South Mountain 1830 2404 5 339 Cumberland Road South Mountain 1916 2401 35 24 Ridgewood Road South South Mountain 1850 1901 11 32 Ridgewood Road South South Mountain 1879 1901 9 36 Ridgewood Road South South Mountain 1879 1901 8 42 Ridgewood Road South South Mountain 1835 1901 6 44 Ridgewood Road South South Mountain 1884 1901 5 48 Ridgewood Road South South Mountain 1879 1901 4 50-54 Ridgewood Road S South Mountain 1900 1901 1 156 Ridgewood Road South South Mountain 1885 2301 32 176 Ridgewood Road South South Mountain 1900 2301 25 184 Ridgewood Road South South Mountain 1857 2301 22 206 Walton Avenue South Mountain 1879 2301 20 210 Walton Avenue South Mountain 1879 2301 19 216 Walton Avenue South Mountain 1878 2301 18 224 Walton Avenue South Mountain 1880 2301 17 234 Walton Avenue South Mountain 1927 2301 14 444 W South Orange Ave South Mountain NA 2404 23 340 West End Road South Mountain 1934 2501 7 355 West End Road South Mountain 1924 2404 37 360 West End Road South Mountain 1850 2501 6 35 Cottage Place Seton Village 1880 2021 10 180 Montague Place Village Colonials 1916 2205 6 179 Montague Place Village Colonials Unknown 2015 19 167 Montague Place Village Colonials 1893 2015 21 173 Village Road Village Colonials 1900 2017 46 174 Village Road Village Colonials 1904 2015 8 319 Prospect Street Academy Heights 1898 2204 7 78 Second Street 82 Second Street 105 Second Street 107 Second Street 111 Second Street 106 Second Street 164 KilburnPlace 102 Prospect Street 110 Prospect Street 155 Prospect Street 142 Prospect Street 152 Prospect Street 204 Prospect Street 110 Second Street 115 Second Street 108 MilliganPlace 120 MilliganPlace 122 MilliganPlace 174 KilburnPlace 170 KilburnPlace 167 KilburnPlace 163 Prospect Street 206 Prospect Street 225 Prospect Street 237 Prospect Street 305 Prospect Street 311 Prospect Street 10 NorthRidgewood Ave Post Office (31 Vose Ave) Baum Building 75 SouthOrange Ave 19 SouthOrange Ave 18 SouthOrange Ave 14 SouthOrange Ave United Methodist Church 190 Village Road 188 Village Road 179 Village Road 366 Academy Street 203 Academy Street 79 Third Street 120 Second Street 111 MilliganPlace 126 Irvington Avenue 133 MilliganPlace 111 Roland Avenue 72 Third Street 64 Third Street 316 Academy Street 314 Academy Street 317 Academy Street 173 Academy Street 158 Academy Street 79 Second Street 70 Second Street 74 Second Street Academy Heights Academy Heights Academy Heights Academy Heights Academy Heights Academy Heights Academy Heights Academy Heights Academy Heights Academy Heights Academy Heights Academy Heights Academy Heights Academy Heights Academy Heights Academy Heights Academy Heights Academy Heights Academy Heights Academy Heights Academy Heights Academy Heights Academy Heights Academy Heights Academy Heights Academy Heights Academy Heights CBD CBD CBD CBD CBD CBD CBD CBD Village Colonials Village Colonials Village Colonials Academy Heights Academy Heights Academy Heights Academy Heights Academy Heights Academy Heights Academy Heights Academy Heights Academy Heights Academy Heights Academy Heights Academy Heights Academy Heights Academy Heights Academy Heights Academy Heights Academy Heights Academy Heights Source: Township ofSouthOrange Village Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900 1904 1904 1904 1860 1844 1930 1930 1920 1846 1894 1884 1884 1843 1854 1936 1888 1888 1938 1895 1885 1855 1855 1855 1879 1897 1878 1878 1922 1877 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1875 1875 1901 1914 1913 1917 NA NA NA 2004 2004 2004 2004 2004 2009 2009 2009 2006 2008 2008 2003 2003 2003 2002 2204 2204 2204 2204 2204 2204 1006 1904 2010 2010 2010 1909 1909 1007 1908 1908 2013 2013 2013 2015 2015 2015 2015 2201 2017 2017 2017 2017 2017 2017 2017 2017 2017 2021 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 23-24 49 48 45 24 25 22 10 10 10 10 14 14 16 16 18 13 13 15 12 12 12 12 12 12 11 11 4 4 9 6 6 6 6 6 9 9 8 8 8 3 3 3 5 5 5 5 2 7 7 7 7 7 1 1 1

Historic Preservation Objective 03: Establish policies to 4. Hold public meetings for any changes to require community engagement the Historic Preservation Ordinance that whenever the Village considers add oversight and introduce new regulatory burdens. This could include any amendments designating a new landmark or on to the criteria and definitions in the Ordinance ordinances that may expand the in any way that expands the Preservation Preservation Commission’s review Commission’s ability to review. powers. 5. Establish an informal working group comprised of Commission members and municipal officials to review and better The Village should adopt procedures to ensure coordinate preservation policy. that preservation efforts follow recommended practices for community engagement. It is 6. Inform and help property owners understand standard practice to conduct engagement, hold and navigate the regulations of the Historic open events, and to notify property owners Preservation Ordinance. Educational whenever a municipality considers establishing materials and clear, helpful information should be posted on the Preservation requirements that must be adhered to. Commission’s webpage. Establishing clear and consistent engagement policies ensures that preservation is pursued in an open, transparent, and productive manner that Objective 04: Encourage the reduces the risk of a legal challenge. Preservation experts also recommend that engagement rehabilitation and maintenance be adopted because they promote trust and of historic resources to prevent establish productive relationships that make demolition by neglect assist preservation in the long run.

STRATEGIES Neglect and lack of maintenance can also threaten 1. Establish a requirement to hold a public historic resources. If neglect renders a building meeting whenever the Village considers unsafe, demolition could be necessary. Even the the designation of a new Local Landmark slow deterioration of structures could endanger a or Landmark District. Landmark historic site’s integrity. It’s important to encourage designation adds regulatory oversight maintenance, prevent demolition of neglect, and and requirements that property owners treat it similarly to wholesale demolition. must adhere to. Public meetings allow the public to comment on these changes. STRATEGIES 2. Amend the Preservation Ordinance to 1. Add a ‘preventative maintenance’ provision require that the Commission must notify meant to prevent ‘demolition by neglect’ and owners of properties considered for to encourage property owners to invest in designation. The Commission should give their properties. sufficient lead time and make sure that the owner understands the ramifications 2. Establish guidelines for the adequate of designation. maintenance of Designated Local Landmarks.

3. Notify in advance the owners of any 3. Establish a policy that the relevant municipal property surveyed for individual employees must inspect historic structures designation. The survey should be that are the subject of complaints alleging conducted by trained professionals who their neglect and deterioration. should coordinate with the property owner surrounding the logistics of their visit and notify them of the portions of the property they need to access. The Commission should also notify the police and work with them to ensure that the survey is carried out safely and productively. historic outbuildings. and maintenance of carriage houses and other (ADUs) is a proven strategy for the preservation The development ofaccessory dwelling units dwelling units. Objective 01: Permit accessory remain vulnerable to decay. and otherincentives, historic neighborhoods property.financial a Absent of value the lower costs andmay place restrictions that may especially problematic aspreservation imposes in itshistoric form over thelongterm. This is they provide noincentive for keeping aproperty a structure. Though effective inthenearterm, property owners from immediately destroying in andofthemselves. At best, they deter Regulations cannot achieve preservation preserve historicstructures economically feasibleto Goal 02:Makeitmore preservation. and considered to bebest practices for recommended changesare sensible can beimproved inseveral ways. These The Historic Preservation Ordinance Preservation Ordinance further strengthen theexisting Objective 05:Enforce and 3. 2. 1.

to regulatory review. continue to inspectproperties subject Vigorously enforce theOrdinance and front façade. the exterior that effectively destroy the be interpreted to allow alterations to presently written, theOrdinance could permanent loss ofhistorical value. As cover alterations that result inthe Amend Ordinance soasto clearly and subdivision illegal demolition,alteration, relocation, provision that outlinespenaltiesfor the The Ordinance doesnothave a establish penaltiesfor noncompliance. Amend Preservation Ordinance to STRATEGIES lo ae itrc ubidns ht a benefit from thismeasure. may that outbuildings historic have also district. The community’s other neighborhoods the within structures contributing as classified be to as form historic their retained sufficiently have Park Historic District has349 outbuildingsthat for listing ontheNational Register, theMontrose historic value. According to its1997 nomination singularly large numberofaccessory buildingswith the preservation causeasthecommunity hasa where the allowance of ADUs could advance South Orange isatextbook caseofacommunity What’s more, structures. these maintain to incentive financial a day andnight.Property owners, meanwhile, have occupants keep a watchful eye on these structures, an incentive to maintainthesestructures. These tenants –bethey family membersorrenters –have By contrast, them. to maintain incentive financial overlook damageto thesestructures andhave little storage space. Assuch,theseowners are prone to frequently usethesestructures for garages and are typicallyanafterthought. Property owners When it comes to preservation, these structures different from ourown. tastes, materials, andconstruction methodsfar structures that were builtinatime withneeds, historic sites. This isparticularlyhelpfulfor older bulk standards somewhat less restrictive for Zoning ordinances can alsobewritten to make Local Landmarks districts orthat are designated as contributing properties inhistoric incentives for properties that are Objective 02: Create bulkandother 3. 2. 1.

STRATEGIES key contributing structures. bulk requirements that are contributing or ADU ordinance, establish less restrictive Should theVillage adopt aVillage-wide and otherneighborhoods. as principalresidences inMontrose Park originally ascarriagehousesare now used and highlight how some structures built appropriate conversion ofcarriagehouses Provide examples to illustrate the residences. the conversion of carriagehousesinto Plan andotherplanningdocuments,permit As recommended by the1991LandUse

Historic Preservation As such, these structures often do not conform to the 4. The community can also look at low- standards imposed by modern zoning. Bulk incentives income housing tax credits and other written with older structures in mind encourage them non-traditional sources to encourage the to be used in a manner consistent with their historic upkeep of historic structures. use. 5. Encourage private groups to form 1. Allow properties to have a bonus that reduces non-profits that may contribute to the front, side, and rear setback standards rehabilitation costs. These groups should with which they must comply. follow a “Friends group” model in order to foster a positive and cooperative 2. Allow properties on small lots to have additional relationship among civic and community bonuses for minimum lot, width, and coverage stakeholders. that supplement the standard allowance made to small lots (see Land Use Element 6. Continue to investigate potential recommendations). funding mechanisms to defray the cost of maintaining gaslamps. If the Village 3. Establish lower off-street parking requirements determines that it will continue to use for residential properties located in a historic the streetlamps well into the foreseeable district. The Site Improvement Advisory future, then research, survey, and create Board states that properties within a historic a thematic historic district that can district may be exempt from the New Jersey’s be nominated to the New Jersey and Residential Site Improvement Standards (RSIS) National Registers of Historic Places. pertaining to off-street parking. The Site Properties listed on state and federal Advisory Board also allows exemptions close to registers are eligible for federal and state train stations, as is the case with many of South tax credits and grants. Thematic districts Orange’s historic neighborhoods have been created for infrastructure like historic lamps and cobblestone streets in 4. To prevent the harmful impact of institutional communities around the country. uses, make sure that these incentives are provided only for residential properties. 7. Should the Village determine it is advisable, look at and prioritize the adaptive reuse of historic properties in Objective 03: Rely on funding and commercial corridors that could anchor support from public and non-profit and add to the aesthetic appeal of these districts. actors. 8. Educate and help property owners Public and non-profit actors can be powerful allies understand and navigate the regulations of the Historic Preservation Ordinance. in the fight for preservation. Federal, state, and Materials and clear, helpful information county governments fund adaptive reuse and other should be posted on the Preservation preservation activities through grants and other Commission’s webpage. programs while non-profits can provide funding, technical assistance, and other types of support. Objective 04: Pursue preservation STRATEGIES 1. Become a Certified Local Government (CLG) to policy that prioritizes the use of apply for grants to pay for surveys, research, tax credits and other financial nomination, and other preservation costs. South Orange already meets most of the incentives to reduce the costs requirements for CLG status. imposed on property owners. 2. Establish a policy to always look for vacant, deteriorating, and other endangered historic Federal and state governments can also provide structures when looking at sites for municipal tax credits and other financial incentives to operations and to pursue adaptive reuse. help property owners directly. Moreover, the nominations of historic districts and sites to 3. To defray the cost to publicly maintain aging the National and New Jersey Registers can structures, use funding mechanisms not be tailored with the welfare of homeowners in principally meant for preservation. For instance, mind. look at funding for brownfields and other environmental programs. 5. 4. 3. 2. 1.

core. particularly for properties intheVillage’s maintaining storefronts in historic buildings, Research andapplyfor grants available for throughout theVillage. and vernacular architecture scattered well-suited for the historic worker’s cottages property submission may beparticularly being geographically contiguous. A multiple protectedare andnotthoseincluded merely for significance historic genuine with sites historic properties whileensuringthat only reduce thecost ofsurveying andnominating theme and are a flexible preservation tool that individual properties that share a common property submissions nominate groups of to contiguous historic districts. Multiple state andnational registers asanalternative multiple property submissions (MPS)to the Explore the survey and nomination of tohelp programs.and benefits them navigate the requirements ofthose financial the about strategies to educate property owners Promote andpursuecommunity engagement districts. would identifynew areas aspotential historic enacted, conduct aVillage-wide survey that historic structures. Shouldsuchacredit be aid thecosts associated withmaintaining credit, astrong provision that would greatly residential properties to beeligiblefor thetax legislature would allow owner-occupied Bills recently introduced intheNew Jersey enactment ofastate historic tax credit. Follow developments regarding the these costs. grants andhistoric taxcredits that subsidize Registers makes aproperty eligiblefor being listed ontheNew Jersey andNational the historic integrity oftheseproperties and owners already bearthecosts to maintain National Registers ofHistoric Places. Property Local Landmarksto theNew Jersey and nominate any site ordistrict designated as Establish apolicy to research, survey, and neighborhoods vary inform. in acommunity like SouthOrange where members alike. This isparticularlyimportant as areference to applicantsandcommission tool, providing ‘rulesoftheroad’ that canserve Design guidelinesare anessential preservation throughout acommunity. standards that helpmaintainthestreetscapes should bepaired withdesignanddevelopment To strengthen neighborhoods,preservation course ofdevelopment. more compatible with the historic aesthetically pleasingstreetscapes Objective 01: Take steps to create safe, to historiccontext Goal 03:Developmentsensitive 2. 1. 1.

station. half-mile radius of the downtown train particularly thoseproperties outsidea mile radius ofa train station. districts located primarily within a half- Meeker Street, HillsidePlace, and other Ridgewood Road South,RiggsStreet, and potential historic districts suchas the Academy Heights Historic District suburbs. These guidelines shouldcover the railroad stations of19thcentury scale neighborhoodsthat emerged near that distinguished the walkable, human guidelines should encourage the form form ishistorically inappropriate. These downtown train station, where the estate primarily within a half-mile radius of the core, particularly those districts located for historic districts intheVillage’s Establish separate designguidelines estates ofa19 encourages builtform similarto the Montrose Park Historic District that Establish designguidelinesfor the STRATEGIES lt oeae eurmn, o specific standard exists to regulate no buildingsize. requirement, coverage lot a family zones. While thesedistricts have standard for all residential one- and two- Establish a maximum building coverage STRATEGIES th century railroad suburb,

Historic Preservation

A building coverage standard would discourage the construction of “McMansions” and other 4. In addition to the recommendations included inordinately large structures that do not in the Mobility Element, maintain historically conform to the prevailing character of the significant sidewalks according to their neighborhood. historic specifications. This may extend to the bluestone sidewalks that cross Montrose Park. 2. Forbid property owners in historic districts This assumes that the cost of maintaining from planting landscaping and installing other these sidewalks is not unduly expensive. screening that obstruct views from the public Sidewalks that conform to the neighborhood’s right-of-way. historic character should be constructed in places where they do not currently exist. This 3. Per the Mobility Element, adopt traffic includes Montrose Avenue, a busy, high-speed calming measures along arterial and collector corridor where sidewalks would have a limited streets that run through and abut historic or non-existent impact on the neighborhood’s neighborhoods. Loud and dangerous car historic character. traffic moving at high speeds adversely affects residential neighborhoods. These car-friendly 5. Examine the feasibility and consider ways to routes, a negative impact that does not conform economically operate the Village’s historic to the historic character of these places, appeal gaslamps. See also Goal 02, Objective 03. to institutional users more likely to undermine the historic integrity of these places. 6. Require that specific standards for professional offices, institutional offices, and educational Instituting traffic-calming measures would facilities in residential zones. These standards create more livable and pedestrian-friendly can impose additional restrictions meant to neighborhoods that would approximate prevent any negative impact caused by their South Orange’s pre-automobile Victorian intensive use. neighborhoods. These measures could include adding stop signs and making street 7. Adopt standards regulating the points of improvements that are similar to the miniature ingress and egress and restricting the width of roundabout at the five-way intersection in these points. Montrose Park.

Medical Offices along South Orange Avenue encourage ‘heritagetourism’ Objective 01: Take steps to for otherpreservation measures. can alsobeusedto generate community support who camebefore. Historical tourism andeducation by connecting present-day residents withpeople to develop aneven greater senseofcommunity, in avery specialplace. Preservation canbeused The peopleofSouthOrange know that they live of theVillage’srichhistory Goal 04:Buildappreciation 3. 2. 1.

embodied intheseneighborhoods. and signage acknowledges the past still lesser extent, Tuxedo Park, where banners the example setinMontrose Park and,to a neighborhoods. This strategy may follow that commemorate the Village’s historic banners, signage, andotherelements Continue to maintainandinstall decorative they becreated inthefuture. initiatives for otherhistoric districts should Historic District andcreate similar of plaques for homes in Montrose Park Continue to promote andraise awareness historic landmarks. that discuss their past andpointout walking tours for otherneighborhoods neighborhood-specific additional create Using theexample setby Montrose Park, STRATEGIES for theircommunity’s history. appreciation amongVillage residents Objective 02: Cultivate the 4. 3. 2. 1. 5.

designation. surveyed to determine eligibilityfor historic in thosehistoric districts, andproperties get more boundaries ofhistoric districts, properties and of location information about Local Landmarks,the the find to use create anonlinemapthat residents can Use historical surveys andnominations to and membersoftheLGBT community. as immigrants, African-Americans, women, that historically have beenmarginalized such experience major inSouthOrange ofcommunities Research for andbringattention to the signage landmarks like wayfinding theBaird andConnett Library. Install Village. signage inpublicspaces throughout the add markers, plaques,andotherinterpretive Following themodelshown at theGreenway, STRATEGIES archives. the library and/or historical societydigital and/or fundthefurtherdevelopment of set by othercommunities andcoordinate community leaders may follow theexample others to conduct research. Stakeholders and establishes adigitalarchive for residents and promotes thehistory ofSouthOrange and creation of an interactive website that Pursue, andapplyfor grants to fundthe Tuxedo Park

Historic Preservation 6. Work with the South Orange and Maplewood school district and other institutions to develop curriculum and programming to ensure that knowledge of the past remains strong well into the future.

7. Continue to organize and pursue novel strategies to promote built heritage such as creating an award for residents who preserve their historic homes or honoring businesses that take advantage of their historic frontage to design a creative storefront. Objective 03: Establish relationships among stakeholders and create strategies to promote local heritage.

Every community has stakeholders that have the power to preserve and care for its historic resources. This extends to historic documents that are an important resource for preservation work in general.

STRATEGIES 1. Continue to collaborate with the South Orange Historical and Preservation Society, the South Orange Public Library, and other groups with an interest in local history to host programs, exhibits, and other programs to promote South Orange’s history.

2. Encourage the public library and work with volunteers from the community to expand on the historical documents in its archives.

3. Collaborate with officials and stakeholders in other communities to promote the history of the broader area and to raise awareness about Essex County’s built heritage. South Orange shares a past with its neighbors and may wish to collaborate with, among others, Maplewood, West Orange, Orange, East Orange, Newark, Millburn, Montclair, Glen Ridge, and Bloomfield.

4. Work with the South Orange Village Center Alliance and other business organizations to find solutions to and encourage the adaptive reuse of structures in commercial districts. Structures like the Baum Building as well as those located at 14, 18, 19, and 75 South Orange Avenue provide an anchor for business activity in the downtown. SOVCA and local preservationists should work to attract and retain businesses that can operate out of these spaces and not adversely impact the structure’s historic integrity.

5. Prioritize the creation of constructive working relationships among officials, preservationists, institutional actors like Seton Hall, and other stakeholders. Historic Preservation