A SEMIANNUAL NEWSLETTER VOL. 36 · ISSUE 2 · SPRING 2016. La Frontera Association for Borderlands Studies Newsletter
Published by the ABS Secretariat. Design and Coding © Copyright 2016 All rights reserved Highlights of This Issue Editor: Jussi Laine
Message from the Documentary Film Report on Border Exec Sec Report Upcoming Conferences List of Publications President EUBORDERSCAPES Studies Down Under …on membership and This issue features Check out these new President Iwashita documentary film Read about Edward finances. Still going topical op-eds by S. interesting recaps the past year and directed by Keina Boyle’s experience from storing - many thanks Plaut and A. Chung! publications! outlines the future Espiñeira awarded this years first ABS for your continued developments for the outreach activity in New support and with the nomination Pages 7–8, 14–15 Page 15 association. for the European Film Zealand. involvement! Awards 2016 Pages 9–10 Page 1 Pages 5–6 Page 3
MESSAGE FROM THE Japan, the United States, Australia, and board members for their efforts in Europe. This initiative has been part of making my Presidency an enjoyable and PRESIDENT a broader strategy for promoting ABS smooth one. A special thanks goes to Dear ABS colleagues, and border studies within the Asia- Jussi Laine for his tireless work as the Pacific region, and responding to a executive secretary and treasurer. Also A warm welcome desire amongst scholars for a greater thanks to Chris Brown on his efforts to to Reno and institutional presence in the region. reform the bylaws, which will be springtime in debated in the Business Meeting during Nevada! I am sure I hope that one of my achievements as the conference. Emmanuel Brunet Jailly that all of you will President has been laying stronger and his team continue to develop JBS join me in foundations for ABS to become the into a journal of international stature thanking Martha home for border studies scholars from and thanks to all the members of the Patricia Barraza all over the world. different nominating committees for De Anda for While I look forward to meeting you all their work. putting together at the ABS conference, this will be my another exciting program for our annual last message as President in La Finally, it is a great pleasure to pass on conference. We have another strong set Frontera, and it is a time for reflection. the Presidency to Martha Patricia of panels and papers providing new Now is a critical moment to pave the Barraza De Anda and I wish her every conceptual advancements in border- way for a new generation of border success for the coming year. studies, as well as empirical studies scholars to emerge and it has been a See you all at Reno and at our ABS from all over the world. great privilege to see a younger events all over the world! It has been a great pleasure to lead ABS generation emerge from regions in 2015-2016, and to see the traditionally underrepresented in border organisation continue to prosper. I hope studies. As I fade into the background With the warmest regards, that my presidency will leave behind a as a past-President, my eyes will be on legacy of a more international ABS, and these young scholars to shape the future one that has reached out to a of border studies. membership on new continents. I have every confidence that our In this spirit, early March saw the first organisation is in good hands and I Akihiro Iwashita ever ABS outreach in New Zealand, would like to bow out by offering a including members joining from Taiwan, word of thanks to all executive and ABS Executive Secretariat - Karelian Institute, University of Eastern Finland - PO Box 111 - FI-80101 - Joensuu, Finland 1 LA FRONTERA 36(2)
ABS/57th WSSA Annual Conference April 13-16, 2016 - Reno, Nevada
MENSAJE DE LA mayor controversia, reflejo de debe de ir más allá de reunir a integrantes de mayor PRESIDENTA ELECTA las problemáticas que se viven sus asociados y asociadas y experiencia y reconocimiento en las diferentes fronteras. La legitimar el nuevo en la ABS. Estos cursos, aparte ABS se ha distinguido, aparte conocimiento que se genera a de fomentar la integración de ser una de las secciones más través de su revista Journal of interdisciplinaria, también extensas de la Western Social Borderlans Studies, lo cual es podrían reforzar enfoques y Science Association (WSSA), sumamente importe. La metodologías cuantitativas y por estar a la vanguardia de las congregación de expertos y cualitativas en los estudios distintas tendencias acorde a expertas es una plataforma fronterizos. Sin duda esto Estamos a unos días de iniciar las épocas en el mundo, para que los encuentros sean significará un mayor esfuerzo y nuestra Conferencia Anual que particularmente la más fructíferos para formar dedicación de quienes se llevará a cabo en Reno, internacionalización. Esto se redes de investigación, que de integramos la ABS, que se verá Nevada del 13 al 16 de Abril de ha reflejado en el crecimiento de hecho ya existen, pero quizá sea recompensado en la medida que 2016. La convocatoria tuvo su membresía, pero sobretodo necesario hacerlas más visibles contribuyamos a ello. una extraordinaria respuesta de la procedencia de sus y exhortar o abrir los canales ¡Esperamos que la reunión en que esperamos confirmar en participantes de prácticamente para que estos “encuentros Reno sea todo un éxito! Reno, ya que nos acompañaran todos los continentes, quienes anuales”, se conviertan participantes de 22 países de se han ido integrando a esta también en un espacio para este ¡Nos vemos en Reno! América del Norte, América comunidad científica. tipo de gestiones, a la par de del Sur, Asia, África, Europa y Sin duda alguna este crear mecanismos para Oceanía. crecimiento trae consigo compartir y/o concursar fuentes de financiamiento entre La ABS en esta ocasión, desde nuevos retos que habrá que grupos de instituciones. Otro que fue fundada en 1976, enfrentar y conducir en los reto importante será Dra. Patricia Barraza cumplirá una vez más su próximos años. Uno de los aprovechar las nuevas Presidenta Electa de la ABS cometido de reunir a expertos y mayores retos, a mi parecer, tecnologías virtuales y hacer 2015-2016 expertas en los estudios será el responder a las llegar a las aulas cursos Universidad Autónoma de fronterizos a compartir y necesidades actuales de la impartidos por los y las Ciudad Juárez debatir sobre los temas de educación superior. La ABS
2 ABS Executive Secretariat - Karelian Institute, University of Eastern Finland - PO Box 111 - FI-80101 - Joensuu, Finland LA FRONTERA 36(2)
Of Interest...
Short film funded by EUBORDERSCAPES Danish Agency for Science, Technology and International Workshop on Transborder up for European Film Awards Innovation. The workshop is the first step in Governance and Cooperation in Tempe, AZ the establishment of an international network EUBORDERSCAPES documentary film between the University of Southern Denmark, Arizona State University’s (ASU) Program for “Tout le monde aime le bord de la mer” directed Northeastern University, the United Nations Transborder Studies (PTC) within the School of by Keina Espiñeira has succeeded on the Tiger Counter-Terrorism Executive Directorate, and Transborder Studies hosted a co-sponsored Awards competition in short films at the 45th other academic and policy partners. workshop to examine the status of research on International Films Festival of Rotterdam Coordinated by Associate Professor O. Walther border governance and cooperation and its (IFFR) and awarded with the nomination for at the University of Southern Denmark, the connection with policy-making and other forms the European Film Awards 2016: http:// research network will lead to the submission of of regional collective action from February www.europeanfilmawards.eu/en_EN/first-efa- a selection of papers to a peer-reviewed journal 18-19, 2016 on the ASU Tempe campus. short-film-nominees-announced and to the preparation of a larger proposal to be The overall goal of the workshop was to In the film, a group of men are waiting at the submitted to Danish or American research examine the “knowns and unknowns” of border fringes of a coastal woodland for the journey to programs. Contact: [email protected] governance and cooperation, both in theory and Europe, in limbo between time and place. A practice, and identify approaches and tools to film is shot there with the men playing Special issue of The Nordic Historical fill existing knowledge gaps. The workshop themselves. Fiction and documentary Review sought to expand the understanding of the constantly intertwine. Myths from the colonial obstacles and challenges to cross-border "Language and Border Between Scandinavia past collide with dreams of a better future in governance and cooperation, find innovative and Russia," a special issue of The Nordic the former oppressor’s country. and effective ways to bridge and eliminate such Historical Review, guest-edited by Alexey The film has crossed the Atlantic Ocean! the barriers, and contribute to the discussion of the Golubev, Antti Räihä and Alexander Tolstikov, MoMa has selected it for their festival New creation of new institutionalities that are no. 19 (Dec 2015). Directors/New Films in New York!! needed to support the growth of transborder The special issue "Language and Border www.newdirectors.org/2016/films/ndnf-shorts- communities towards regional economic Between Scandinavia and Russia" of The program-two development, sustainability, and enhanced Nordic Historical Review covers the borders quality of life. The workshop participants The long version of the film “The Colour of the between Russia and its Nordic neighbours as emphasized the ways in which collaboration Sea” will be screened at the ABS Annual well as their borderland territories. Just like among practitioners, policy-makers, and Meeting April 14, 11:30 – 12:45 pm. everywhere else, borders between Scandinavian academia become more socially-embedded and For more info, please contact the Film Director countries and Russia have been key elements in consequential. Participants included invited Keina Espiñeira, Project PM Jussi Laine shaping cultures, societies and regimes on both speakers, panelists, and discussants to cover See the next page for more! sides. All these changes were negotiated at the topics, such as: transborder innovation level of language. Political concepts, rhetorical systems, cross-border megaregions, the power techniques, narrative strategies — all these Fulbright Specialist Project and rationality of borders, regional identity, discursive elements of political writing not Dr. Laurence (Larry) Armand French will be Europe’s regionalisms, migration policy, border only reflected actual changes occurring in the deploying to the Republic of Srpska as a security, regional economic development, and political, social and cultural landscape of Fulbright Specialist to work with the Minister partnership building and collaboration across Northern Europe, but also informed and of Interior, Internal Affairs College, Bosnia- borders. This workshop was made possible influenced these changes. Herzegovina. Contact: [email protected] through the collaboration of Arizona State University, El Colegio de la Frontera Norte (El International workshop on “Transnational International conference Colef Tijuana) and the Centro de Investigación Extremist Organizations” Organized by the Raoul-Dandurand Chair at en Alimentación y Desarrollo (CIAD On September 19-20, 2016, the Division of the University of Quebec in Montreal. Entitled Hermosillo) in partnership with the Global Affairs at Rutgers – The State Borders, Walls and Violence : Costs and International Network on Comparative Border University of New Jersey will be hosting a two- Alternatives to Border Fencing, this conference Studies (RECFronteras). day international workshop on “Transnational will be held in Montreal, June 2 - 3, 2016. Extremist Organizations” funded by the
ABS Executive Secretariat - Karelian Institute, University of Eastern Finland - PO Box 111 - FI-80101 - Joensuu, Finland 3 LA FRONTERA 36(2)
Documentary film: The Colour of the Sea: A Filmic Border Experience in Ceuta
This is an ethnographic documentary 2nd Festival Internacional de Cine Filmadrid. performed with a poetic and symbolic language Madrid (Spain) June 2-11, 2016 playing on the porous boundaries between 27th FID-Marseille Festival International de reality and representation. The film contains a Cinèma (France) July 12-18, 2016 reflection about the film itself, a reflection about the filmmaking process. It reveals the conflict 13th Festival Internacional de Curtametraxes triggered by the shooting of a documentary film Curtocircuito. Santiago Compostela (Spain) about the EU border regime and the dilemmas October 3-9, 2016. Official Competition some immigrants have vis-à- vis their European Film Awards Ceremony. Wroclaw participation in the filming process. After this (Poland) filmic border experience the characters talk December 10, 2016. Official Competition. about the process, about what has happened and about how the border could be represented in different places and by different narratives far away from official media visions victimizing the migration and associating it with images of the nexus border- security. The film aims to create another vision, another After a long journey departing from Guinea imaginary disrupting and dislocating the Conakry, Aliou, Diakité and Boubacar find physical border from visual icons as the border- themselves immobilized in the EU-African fence and its geopolitics. In so doing it attempts city of Ceuta. For them the waiting time in to portray the city of Ceuta as a limbo-scape Ceuta is uncertain. It can take months, and between two EU thresholds where migrants’ even years, in some cases. Meanwhile, they trajectories are spatially and temporally Characters: are settled in the Centre of Temporary Stay suspended. Boubacar Barry Mohamed Diakité for Immigrants (CETI). During their Aliou Diallo waiting in Ceuta, they find themselves Abdoulaye Diouma Diallo Ziago Julien Tiabou immobilized between two EU thresholds: a Film festivals and exhibitions Zackaria Diallo Alhoussein Diallo land border represented and demarked by a 45th International Film Festival Rotterdam Patrice Alaga fence with the surrounding forest in (Netherlands) January 27 - February 7, 2016. Morocco; and a sea border represented by Official Competition. the disconnection of mainland Europe Directed by Keina Espiñeira through the waters of the Strait of 16th Film Festival of Las Palmas (Spain) Produced by Lourdes Pérez Gibraltar. The forest and the sea, both are March 2-13, 2016. Official Competition. Photography by José Alayón part of the border landscape of this Ibn Arabi Film Festival of Murcia (Spain) Sound by Raúl Espiñeira Spanish enclave in North Africa. March 11-19, 2016 Edited by Samuel Delgado The Colour of the Sea, is a documentary film Colorist: Ignacio Fernández 45th New Directors / New Films Festival. performed in participatory action with their Direction Assistant: Mireia Garcia MoMa New York (USA) March 16-27, 2016 protagonists. It registers a filmic border Script: Keina Espiñeira and Samuel Delgado experience happening in Ceuta. The filmmaker 22th Festival International du Cinéma Research: Abel Albet, Xavier Ferrer, Mireia bursts into this waiting time with the aim of Méditerranéen de Tétouan (Morocco) March 28 García and Keina Espiñeira. Departament de shooting a film on the border. The main - April 2, 2016. Official Competition Geografia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona characters, Aliou, Diakité and Boubacar, knew (UAB) Big Ears Festival. Tennessee (USA) that this film does not look for a representation March 31 - April 4, 2016 of the experience of the border based on their migratory biographical travel. Instead it seeks 12th Play-Doc Festival Internacional de The long version of the film “The Colour of to both produce and activate a border experience Documentales. Tui (Spain) the Sea” will be screened at the ABS through the fact of performing a film in this April 13-17, 2016 Annual Meeting, THURSDAY April 14, threshold stage of their journey. 11:30 – 12:45 pm, room: McKinley Indie Lisboa 13th Festival Internacional By entering in these everyday migrant waiting Cinema Independente (Portugal) April 20 - landscapes, that the forest and the sea represent May 1, 2016. Official Competition in Ceuta, we perform there the play of shooting a film. With this mission the film grows up 13th Festival Internacional de Documentales de This film was shot under the framework of the mixing theatrical scenes with improvised Madrid - Documenta Madrid (Spain) April 27 dialogues. In the forest we delve into this - May 8, 2016 transitional waiting thorough oneiric situations in which one of the characters narrate a short Hot Docs. Canadian International story based on a legend about the arrival of the Documentary Festival. Toronto (Canada) April white colonizers in Africa. Along with the oral 28 - May 8, 2016. Official Competition tradition of the legend, the film captures a 13th Festival de Cine Africano (FCAT). EUBORDERSCAPES (290775) is Funded by the conversation of the protagonists, which takes Tarifa (Spain) and Tangier (Morocco) May 12 European Commission under the 7th Framework place at the seaside and during which they - June 4, 2016 Programme (FP7-SSH-2011-1), Area 4.2.1 The discuss the border landscape around them. 4 ABS Executive Secretariat - Karelian Institute, University of Eastern Finland - PO Box 111 - FI-80101 - Joensuu, Finland LA FRONTERA 36(2)
Report on BORDER STUDIES DOWN UNDER: Workshop on Borders and Non-State/Sub-state Actors March 7-8, 2016, Wellington, New Zealand
In what for most of the participants a larger push at promoting border studies Japanese colonialism to one where the was the spring of 2016, over half-a- within the Asia-Pacific region, exemplified essential other is very much a ‘rising’ dozen academics migrated south to the by not just the recent founding of the Center People’s Republic of China that still shrilly early-autumn of New Zealand for a for Asia-Pacific Future Studies at Kyushu espouses a ‘One China’ policy. This shift workshop on the role of actors other University, but also the establishment of the was very apparent in the outcome of than the state in the definition and Japan Chapter of Border Studies and the Taiwan’s recent general elections. Therefore, maintenance of the nation-state’s efforts currently underway to associate this while the oppositional claims of these boundaries. It was the intention of the new organization with the Association of individuals to national policy resounded in organizer’s that the focus would be on Borderlands Studies itself. There is clearly a the late-1960s, today they appear of the frequently neglected role and place demand in the Asia-Pacific region for a increasing irrelevance, given the ever- of non-state and sub-state actors, such greater institutionalized presence within the increasing feeling of separation from China as civil society groups, local field of border studies, as shown by events and consequent glow of nostalgia that governments and individuals, in border like this workshop, and it is hoped that the continues to settle over the period of related issues, and the two-day development of the Japan Chapter can both Japanese occupation. workshop aimed to explore the border provide a template and serve as a lightning roles of these varied actors and point to rod for the emergence of various other Such a perspective gelled excellently with similarities and differences across national-level organizations and the growth the third paper by Alexander Bukh, entitled various regions. Greeted by glorious of linkages between them. It is anticipated “Korean National Identity, Civic Activism Wellingtonian weather and an that this will ultimately result in border and Dokdo/Takeshima Territorial Dispute”. astonishing absence of wind (not studies emerging as a field in its own right In the Korean case, perhaps a slightly later destined to last), the stage was set for a within the greater Asia-Pacific region. generation of activists, who were shaped in fascinating discussion on a whole range the era of pro-democracy protests against the of issues at Weir House, perched on the With that expansive future vision ringing in dictatorship, have come to espouse a hardline hillside above Wellington’s CBD and the participant’s ears, the workshop got territorial stance concealed beneath the serviced by its own funicular stop (this underway. The first panel was on the admonition to “Love Dokdo”. The ubiquity author discovered after slugging his question of “Territorial Disputes and Civil of the slogan on the streets of Seoul serves, way up the hill in the morning Society”, dealing with ever-contentious Alex suggested, as a defence of the notion of sunshine). question of territorial disputes within East Korea, but one that, despite the continuity of Asia. The relevance and potentially personal, has since the protests of the 1970s The workshop opened with a few words of controversial nature of the topic was and 1980s been largely emptied of any wider welcome from Alexander Bukh, Professor at reflected in the day’s maximum attendance, ideological content or resonance. The fact the Political Science and International with a contingent from the Japanese that Dokdo is one of the very small number Relations Programme at Victoria University Embassy paying particularly close attention of issues on which North and South Korea of Wellington, and principal organizer of the to proceedings. The first presentation was agree emphasizes this point, mobilizing the workshop. The Opening Remarks were due given by Professor Achin Hsiau, from governments and populations of both to be delivered by Akihiro Iwashita, Taiwan’s Academica Sinica, on “Defending countries against Japan and history in a Professor at both the Slavic-Eurasia Diaoyutai Islands: Territorial Dispute, claim to national unity. Although dismissed Research Center of Hokkaido University National Trauma, and Generation in by some as ‘Just rocks’, the role of these and, more recently, the Center for Asia- Taiwan”, dealt with the way in which the seemingly insignificant scraps of territory is Pacific Future Studies of Kyushu protest over Diaoyutai in Taiwan had been in both cases to seek to maintain the illusion University, as well as current President of re-energized in recent years by the activities of the unity of the nation, even when this the Association for Borderlands Studies. of a generation of intellectuals who had cut nation is divided, or claimed, as the Unfortunately, due to a family emergency, their cloth in the student protests of the late Taiwanese argument increasingly frames it, Professor Iwashita was unable to attend the 1960s and early 1970s. As he expertly by a larger neighbour. conference in person, but his remarks were pointed out, the intellectual trajectory of ably delivered by his colleague in Sapporo, these individuals existed within larger This connection of such territorial disputes Professor Naomi Chi of Hokkaido currents that accounted for their seemingly with larger questions regarding the nation University’s Public Policy School. In these reduced relevance today, the mainstream of was at the centre of the second paper by remarks, Professor Iwashita pointed to how which has seen Taiwanese identity drift from Edward Boyle of Kyushu University, on this workshop had been developed as part of being defined against a previous era of “Bounding Japan: Scaled Borders,
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Homogenized Territory and Towards a emphasizing that human or non-traditional cooperation, despite the vicissitudes of state- Theory”, which was partially based on security could potentially displace level political relations, does partially show earlier work by Alex on the local traditional security for Asian states, and civil society’s ability to function outside of mobilization of the Dokdo/Takeshima dispute thus potentially lead to an era of increased the state, the question of whether this is able in Shimane prefecture and the way in which cooperation rather than competition between occur outside of state sanction and against this came to have an increasing influence in them. In “Practicing Democracy Across its interests appears to be the crucial one. Tokyo. However, the paper sought to Borders: the electoral participation of New The issue of the interests of the state was examine how the local manifestations of Zealand’s Australian diaspora”, Kate again taken up in the fourth paper on these national territorial disputes come to be McMillan of the Victoria University of “Balancing on the Border between Legality adopted and manipulated by the central Wellington sought to analyse the voting and Illegality: Informal Trade in the Russia- state, and once again for the purposes of patterns of the large trans-Tasman diaspora, EU and the Russia Japan Borderlands”, by espousing a national unity that again finds potentially a voting bloc forming about 15% Serghei Golunov of Kyushu University, itself arguably emptied of anything of the electorate. Freely admitting that her which examined patterns of shuttle trade in resembling a political ideology. Recent years work was at an early stage, her most salient a total of four commodities across these have seemingly seen the Abe government conclusion appeared to be that regional borders in the years since the end of the Cold moving to position these marginal territorial mobility reduced political citizenship, a War. For the trader’s themselves, this disputes with each of Japan’s neighbours as claim that feeds back into arguments since involved adjusting the border regime to their being at the centre of Japanese political life, the 1990s of the transnational nature of own needs, in a variety of ways that existing as evidence of a unified existential modern citizenship and the increasing stretched from the discouraged to the threat and consequently helping to justify irrelevance of the state borders, and the kind outright illegal, and states are also able to Japan’s re-emergence as a ‘normal’ country, of disaffection that the mobilization of tweak this regime when it is felt to be once capable of not only protecting its territorial disputes seen in Panel 1 seeks to impinging excessively upon their interests. borders but of projecting power beyond challenge. Finally, Kimberly Collins of them. While perhaps too focused on the state, California State University talked about The third paper in the panel, by Saleem Ali it was argued that both civil society and “Regional Integration, Policy Networks and of the University of Queensland, looked at territorial disputes are clearly open to being Democracy in the California-Baja California “Science Diplomacy across the Bering moulded and shaped by the centre, and Border Region”, emphasizing the varied Straits: Experiential Learning as an therefore cautioned us over seeing the civil scales of border governance, the culturally- Opportunity for Thawing US-Russian society engagement with these disputes as constructed notion of good governance Relations. Based on the presenter’s an autonomous realm distinct from state which is applied to such regions, and a involvement in an astonishingly wide concerns. potential typology of governance applicable variety of forum for experiential learning, it to the region. Her primary claim that sought to emphasise the potential The panel resulted in a lively discussion, resonated across all three papers was the contribution of such projects to both the partly led by Mr. Kazuhiro Nakai, Deputy need for 21st century institutions, ones education of students and the border areas Head of Mission for the Embassy of Japan, capable of not only responding flexibly to themselves. Having lead tours of the Balkans who was anxious to point out that Japan’s local border issues but able to incorporate and the DMZ, the relevance of such efforts recent emphasis on its dispute with South human security whilst remaining to break down not merely political borders, Korea had come about because of the focus democratically accountable. This is certainly but those more narrowly in our work, such drawn to the issue by the Korean side, one an issue for the future. as between the natural and social sciences, domestically driven by slogans like “Love was both obvious and refreshing. Despite the Dokdo”. This is a valid perspective if one The day’s final panel was entitled “European unfortunate cancellation of the African assumes that Japan had no choice but to Borders and Non-State Actors”, although panel scheduled for the following morning, respond to Korea’s ratcheting up of rhetoric, there was one significant outlier amongst the all the participant’s came away from both although it is at least feasible that another papers. The first, by Martin van der Velde of Saleem’s paper and the interdisciplinary and response could be envisaged. Such a Radboud University, looked at “The geographical dispersed contents of the question merely emphasized to all three Perception of the Dutch-German border as a workshop as a whole with a fresh participants the need for further study on barrier by citizens and institutions” determination to dig into notions of borders the interactions between state policy and focussed on the EU’s Interreg programme, and how they make people, societies and civil society in territorial issues, and which seeks to develop and increase cohesion state tick. This participant, at least, looks whether there has been a conceptual change within the crossborder region as a whole, forward to continuing this conversation into in the manner in which both state and the and its effect on the perceptions of locals the future population grapple with the notion of regarding the border. The increasingly free national territory. Further questions on movement across the border appeared to, artificial islands and the relations of us somewhat paradoxically, result in a greater researchers with the disputes we investigate awareness of the legal-administrative rounded out a lively session, making up for differences that the border symbolizes, as the the absence of our fourth presenter, Akihiro differences in represents become more Iwashita. apparent in everyday life. In contrast, the paper by Jussi Laine of the University of Following lunch, the second panel examined Eastern Finland, “Building a Transnational “Migration, Human Security and Borders”, Space for Action: What Role for Civil and was similarly a paper down on what had Society?”, focussed on the Russo-Finnish been expected, with Alex Chung of the border, appeared at time to have an Edward Boyle University of Sydney forced to cancel at the excessively utopian view of the notion of last moment. The three papers that remained Cross-Border Cooperation, in which it Faculty of Law & formed a less coherent whole than Panel 1, seemed possible to separate it from the wider Center for Asia-Pacific Future Studies but provided the participants with plenty of social context within which it occurs. While Kyushu University food for thought. Naomi Chi examined the maintenance of this somewhat pragmatic “Human Security in Northeast Asia”,
6 ABS Executive Secretariat - Karelian Institute, University of Eastern Finland - PO Box 111 - FI-80101 - Joensuu, Finland LA FRONTERA 36(2) A Descendent of Refugees: Standing in Solidarity with This Generation of Refugees
— Shayna Plaut
My name means beautiful refugee. them that my grandmother’s family Nature. Nurture. And eternal debate. Either faithfully lit the Shabbat candles every way refugees were not, and are not, foreign My grandparents on my father’s side were Friday night. That is why, at the age of 35 to me and are certainly not scary. from Germany. years, my grandmother came to New York Culture Talk On my mother’s side my people thought they with $200 in her pocket (that was the limit were Austrian, but when I found the town in then) and four words of English “Chicken, Mahmood Mamdani, a professor of 2002 it was in Poland about 45 minutes potato, sweetheart and darling.” The joke for Anthropology and Political Science who away from the Ukrainian border. So now the rest of her life was that she could get a splits his time between Columbia University they would be Polish. Borders in that region date and a meal. and University of Kampala, coined a term are fuzzy things. Nature or Nurture? called “culture talk” which is when political situations are explained away in the name of But really they were just Jews. There was no official legal definition of a someone else’s culture. Why don’t Roma That was all that really mattered. refugee then. That was not created until children go to school? Because they don’t 1951 with the UN Refugee Convention. respect education in their culture. Never That is why my great grandfather was locked There were “displaced persons” but because mind that they are often regulated to living they were not forcibly removed from their in the outskirts of town with no school buses home, that did not work for my grandparents or running water and that when they do go either. My grandparents were just people to school they are bullied, forced into who were hated because of their religion and segregated classes with substandard the assumption that because they were education and little to no job prospects. Why Jewish they were probably communists, or at are there so many black and Latino men in least socialist sympathizers. Usually the the criminal justice system in the US? hatred was just the low consistent hum of Because their culture is violent and because exclusion. Of doors closing in your face. Of going to prison is a rite of passage into not quite being full citizens in one’s own manhood. Never mind systemic racism in home. Of knowing you could never get that the police force and judiciary, substandard job with that name of yours. Sometimes, education and disgracefully high rates of however, this hatred was physical – like the employment discrimination. Why is there daily beatings and humiliation my great terrorism in the Middle East and south grandfather experienced in the Kaiser’s Asia? Because it is a special brand of Army. Sometimes they were ominous like “Islamic” terrorism – because in their when Hitler marched in front of my culture this is how they make their point. grandmother’s house. The real fear was the Never mind that in all the places where this constant state of fear…of never knowing kind of terrorism takes place there have been when it was going to get worse. decades of political instability, economic devastation and international meddling in Perhaps that is why I have always felt the form of colonialism, coups, wars and/or connected to refugees. covert operations. When these kinds of up in an attic with feral cats by his fellow It is literally in my blood. cultural explanations are offered, military “brothers.” And when, after he essentializing and assigning blame to finished his forced conscription and heard But I often think that my connection to specific groups based on their “culture”, then that Arch Duke Ferdinand was shot in refugees is because I grew up in Los Angeles political solutions are no longer sought after. Sarajevo he turned to his wife and young in the 1980s. My high school had 43 The problem is them. It is cultural. It is daughter and said, “I have to leave now. languages flowing down the hall and I because of who they are, not because of social There is going to be war and they are going thought this was normal. Khmer, Spanish, conditions or oppression or political to kill me.” “Who? The Enemy?” asked his Hmong, Russian, Farsi, Vietnamese -- all of dynamics at work. And it is this kind of wife, my great grandmother. “No. My own these children were refugees or the children (mis)logic that allows for people who are unit. Now they will have the excuse to kill of refugees. They were not “them.” They exercising their legal right to seek safety – a the Jew.” were my classmates. basic human right – to suddenly be seen as a threat. That is why when the secret police came to So maybe my connection to refugees is Hintersteinau, a little town not far from because of environment. Frankfort, the neighbor helpfully informed
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Now all people who are not like “us,” the niqab. Or the hotline set up to report on whether citizen or foreigner, are suspect. Are the “barbaric cultural practices” of one’s potential killers. neighbors. But perhaps most tellingly the politics of fear was behind the death of the (Of course no one questions who is this “us” little boy, Alan Kurdi, who, in early that “we” are preserving? Nor the fact that September, died on the shores of Turkey. the overwhelming majority of mass murders Alan’s father had a sister living in the in the US are carried out by angry white suburbs of Vancouver. She had tried to men) sponsor him and his family (including Alan). It is in their blood. Her application was denied because, as a security precaution, all applications from Current Response to Syrian Refugees It is in their environment. Syrian nationals had to receive personal approval from the Prime Minister’s office. I now turn to the current discussion Nature. Nurture. Evil. surrounding the most recent wave of refugees Alan’s death was one of the things that This is called racism. in international headlines. Those from Syria. turned the tide in the elections and helped to This is not largest amount of refugees – nor It is the same racism that allowed my oust Harper. Recently elected Prime Minister the ones who have been displaced the longest; grandparents to be suspected of everything Justin Trudeau campaigned on a promise to Palestinians have been displaced for 3-4 from communism to child sacrifices. It is the bring in 25,000 Syrian refugees on top of the generations whereas Somalis in the largest reason why boats of Jewish children were annual allotment of government sponsored refuge camp in the world is in Kenya. But turned away in the US and Canada and refugees coming to Canada. And although the details of the plan have changed (the deadline there is something about the Syrian Europe. They are children now but you know has been pushed back a few months; the refugees…Perhaps it is because the cities of what they will grow up into. Don’t you? refugees will be both government assisted Aleppo or Holms are mentioned in the Torah, They will be Jews. Quran and Bible. Perhaps because they are refugees and privately sponsored) what was mostly middle class. Perhaps because, in What Can Be Learned as an American most interesting to watch, as an American, desperation they literally started walking to Jew Living in Canada? was how the government responded to safety and this was caught on camera, emergence of fear within the Canadian public. Instagram and Facebook…Who knows… but There were fearful and racist responses to there is something about the Syrian refugees bringing in such a large amount of Syrian that has caught the world’s attention and refugees in such a short time frame. There from Turkey to Germany to Lebanon to were petitions signed from cities up in the Canada the doors were opened. North where many of the refugees were And then there was Paris. originally going to be settled. After the terrorist attack in Paris a mosque in And the doors slammed shut. suburban Ontario was torched.
Fear. But the government did not shirk away from its objective, nor did it pretend to not hear the Who are these people? concerns of its citizenry. It listened and made How do we know they are not going to hurt: some significant logistical changes while still Us? keeping the main goal of providing refuge for 25,000 people fleeing violence. “The perfect Trojan Horse.” Canada is not perfect. There are many things It doesn’t matter that the people who in this country that I find problematic. But in masterminded Paris were Belgian and this case the government governed – and the French. It was the same rhetoric that we saw Canadian electorate voted out the fear- after 9-11 when, as Tram Ngyuen aptly put mongering Conservative government. There it, “we (immigrants) are all suspects now.” It I write this piece as an American Jew living is a lot to be learned from this. didn’t matter that all of the 19 hijackers in Canada and thus I write from an involved in the 9-11 attacks entered the US interesting perspective of, what Patricia Hill I am the descendent of refugees. I work every legally. This is how the now defunct special Collins calls “outsider within.” I am, in day to make my ancestors proud. And right registration program was justified. When many ways, a hidden immigrant. I am white. now that means standing in solidarity with people are scared facts don’t matter. I speak English as a first language. I teach in this generation of refugees. a Canadian university. But, as an American And then there was Colorado Springs and citizen, I can’t vote in Canadian elections. * * * San Bernardino. And this lack of citizenship was quite an issue for me in the most recent elections. Whereas Colorado Springs was defined as Because, under the previous Conservative misguided political action San Bernardino government lead by Prime Minster Harper, Published with the on the Praxis Centre: was terrorism. Canada was increasingly following prey to http://www.kzoo.edu/praxis/a-descendent-of- the politics of fear. This could be seen in the refugees/#more-8525 debates surrounding the “security threat” of
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ABS Membership 2015 400 Total 2015 memberships 295
Regular paid memberships 216
Student paid memberships 51
Non-OECD members 15
Award Members 3
Honorary Members 3
Lifetime Members 7 300
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Association for Borderlands Studies - 2015
Financial Summary - UEF ABS Account All funds reported in Euro (€) ACTIVITY REVENUE EXPENSES BALANCE Account Balance at January 1, 2015 35 899,66 Bank account intrest rate
Membership dues received by UEF 14 272,10 Other operating income 3,81 Credit card commissions 373,14 Bank Service Charges 24,67 Bank account interest rate 2015 18,18 Routledge Journals 2015 contribution 8 343,75 Routledge Journals Royalty Statement 2015 3 877,61 Payment to WSSA for April meeting 1 981,27 ABS/RISC best paper award (250 Euro = $333.20 USD) 250,00 Donation to UACJ Oct 2015 confrerence ($1000 USD) 893,50 Contribution for editorship of the Journal of Borderlands Studies in Europe 1 067,48 RJBSH - Journal of Borderland Studies 4 088,00 Secretariat costs 3 000,00 ICS-ABS meeting Guwahati and New Delhi (2500 USD) 2 000,00 Supplies ( USD) 182,00 Travel expenses (including guest spekers costs ABS annual meeting) 2 822,46 Total Revenue 26 515,45 Total Expenses 16 682,52 Account Balance 45 732,59
Revenues General Expenses Account Balance at January 1, 2015 35899,66 Travel Expenses 2822,46 Membership Fees 14272,1 Supplies 182 Other operating income 3,81 Grants 3250 Routledge Journals 2015 contribution 8343,75 Hospitality 1981,27 Royalty Revenue 3877,61 Donations 893,5 Bank account interest rate 2015 18,18 Contibutions 3067,48 Total Revenues 62415,11 Credit Card Commission 373,14 Bank Service Charges 24,67 Professional Fees - Other 4088 Total Expenses 16682,52
The operations and upkeep of the ABS Secretariat is supported by the University of Eastern Finland. The provided funding (separate from the associations’ own funds detailed above) has been crucial for the effective management of the association.
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IV ENCUENTRO LATINOAMERICANO DE ESTUDIOS TRANSFRONTERIZOS Y DE DESARROLLO DE CAPACIDADES HUMANAS “Las Fronteras como espacios para tejer la vida feliz de los pueblos” Octubre 5, 6 y 7 de 2016
Auditorio Eustorgio Colmenares Baptista RESÚMENES: Raquel Álvarez de Flores, ULA, Venezuela Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander Características: rafl[email protected] Auditorio Rafael Serrano, Edificio Arhuaco • Tendrán un mínimo de 300 y máximo de 500 Javier Soledad, Unipamplona, Colombia Universidad de Santander, Cúcuta, Norte de palabras. [email protected] Santander, Colombia • Deberán especificar nombre y apellido del/los autor/es, pertenencia institucional, dirección de Auditorio 1 Universidad de Pamplona, Villa Con el apoyo de: Rosario, Norte de Santander, Colombia correo electrónico. • Formato: Word para Windows 1997-2003; tamaño de página A4; márgenes • 2,5 cm.; interlineado 1,5; fuente Times New Organizan: Roman; cuerpo 12. • Escuela de Relaciones Internacionales, UNA • Nombre del archivo: • Sede Regional Chorotega, UNA ApellidodelprimerautorRES.doc • Instituto de Estudios Sociales en Población, (COMPLETAR LO QUE ESTÁ EN CURSIVA, UNA CIMSUR-UNAM SEGÚN CORRESPONDA) • Departamentos de Estudios Internacionales y de Frontera y Ciencias Administrativas, PONENCIAS Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander UFPS Características: • Grupo de Investigación CIEMPIES, • Tendrán un mínimo de 15 páginas y un Universidad de Santander UDES máximo de 20 páginas. • Departamento de Economía y Proyecto • Deberán especificar nombre y apellido del/los Corporación Autónoma Regional de la Frontera Sistema Metropolitano Binacional, autor/es, pertenencia institucional, dirección de Nororiental, CORPONOR Universidad de Pamplona correo electrónico. • Formato: Word para Windows 1997-2003; tamaño de página A4; márgenes OBJETIVO: • 2,5 cm.; interlineado 1,5; fuente Times New Promover la reflexión y el debate académico en Roman; cuerpo 12. torno a procesos de cooperación y configuración de identidades en regiones transfronterizas de • Nombre del archivo: América Latina con el propósito de establecer una ApellidodelprimerautorPON.doc agenda de investigación. (COMPLETAR LO QUE ESTÁ EN CURSIVA, SEGÚN CORRESPONDA) Secretaría de Fronteras y Cooperación Internacional, Gobernación Norte de Santander EJES TEMÁTICOS: I. Reflexiones teórico metodológicas que Comité académico: contribuyan a la comprensión de los asuntos Willy Soto Acosta, Escuela de Relaciones transfronterizos. Internacionales, UNA, Costa Rica II. Casos de estudio que aborden problemas [email protected] transfronterizos de diversa índole, entre ellos: Juan Carlos Ramírez Brenes, Sede Chorotega, construcción de identidades, vulnerabilidad UNA, Costa Rica social, movilidad humana, desarrollo territorial, seguridad, Comercio internacional, cambio [email protected] climático y la gestión de estos problemas que Guillermo Acuña González, IDESPO-UNA, Red Colombo-Venezolana de Movilidad Humana involucra aspectos ligados al diseño Costa Rica institucional, políticas públicas, comercio internacional y la cooperación en sus distintos [email protected] grados y modalidades. Federico Morales Barragán, CIMSUR-UNAM, México [email protected] Entrega de resumen: 15 de mayo Marina Sierra de Rodríguez, UFPS, Colombia Comunicación de evaluación de resúmenes: [email protected] Asociación de Estudios Fronterizos ABS 14 de junio Hugo Ramirez Arcos, Unirosario, Bogota, Colombia Entrega de ponencia en extenso: 25 de julio [email protected]
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Differences and discontinuities in a ‘Europe without borders’
4 – 7 October 2016 | University of Luxembourg In cooperation with the UniGR-Center for Border Studies (UniGR-CBS)
Registration will be opened in May!! www.abseurope2016.eu!
In 2016 the biannual European Conference With the abolition of regular border The conference aims to intensify this of the Association for Borderland Studies controls in Schengen Europe, and the fall multidisciplinary dialogue with an (ABS) will be hosted by the University of of the iron curtain, the field of Border orientation that understands differences Luxembourg. The Conference will take Studies has opened up new objects of and discontinuities as resulting from place at the Belval campus, in close research and has experienced a noticeable economic, institutional and social proximity to the French-Luxembourg development boost. Although the initial processes, and through a border studies border, and in cooperation with the focus was on freight, services, capital and approach that seeks deeper reflection on University of the Greater Region (UniGR) passenger traffic, and the resulting categories of difference and discontinuity. – a confederation of six universities from questions in relation to spatial, political, The focus then is on mobility, diversity, Luxembourg (University of Luxembourg), cultural and social aspects, this was responsibility and change, with differences Germany (University of Kaiserslautern, followed by social constructivist as well as discontinuities considered Saarland University, University of Trier), approaches and relational thinking. The through a spatial, social and temporal France (University of Lorraine), and idea of a ‘borderless world’ has become perspective. The four subtopics will be: Belgium (University of Liège). The popular, with a certain sensibility for the • Mobility and multi-locality conference is thematically connected to the processes of ‘new border demarcation’. • Multilingualism and diversity 30-year anniversary of the Schengen The conference aims at further expansion • Growth and sustainability Agreement, which was signed in the of this sensibility and reinforced attention Luxembourg village of Schengen. The to the processes of demarcation, for there • Instability and change conference wants to test the vision of a are not only radical cultural and political ‘Europe without borders’, by considering changes in Europe, but also concerns to WE ARE LOOKING FORWARD TO questions that focus on mobility, diversity, open up differences and discontinuities: SEE YOU ALL IN LUXEMBOURG! responsibility and change from a (1) as resources e.g. as driving forces for multidisciplinary perspective. The exchange, movement and learning The Local organisation Team questioning should consider differences as well as discontinuities in a spatial, social (2) as instruments e.g. in critical power Birte Nienaber (University of and temporal perspective. perspectives on governance and Luxembourg, Luxembourg) marginalisation Christian Wille (University of (3) as materialisation e.g. in social, Luxembourg, Luxembourg) aesthetic or spatial manifestations.
ABS Executive Secretariat - Karelian Institute, University of Eastern Finland - PO Box 111 - FI-80101 - Joensuu, Finland 13 LA FRONTERA 36(2) Jihadism 3.0 The Islamic state’s agenda of Borderless radicalisation through the use of #Social Media — Alex Chung
It has been a year since the establishment of and the rule of law. Numerous causes have best users, using the democratic values the Islamic State (ISIS), the so-called been cited including domestic issues in the of social media for undemocratic ‘caliphate’ that openly advocates such West such as anti-immigrant policies, purposes, which makes social media a atrocities as beheadings, rape, the sexual unfairness in the criminal justice system, curse,” stated Faisal J. Abbas, editor-in- subjugation of women, slavery (al-sabi), unequal distribution of wealth, and racial and chief of Al Arabiya News. violent persecution of non-Sunnis, a radical religious discrimination – all contributing to interpretation of Sharia law, and is widely the disenfranchisement and marginalisation A documentary on the Islamic State (ISIS) considered a terror group, which many other of potential radicals. Along similar lines, conducted by Vice News revealed the terror and anti-government groups refuse to there is a view that certain governments have complexity of the terror group’s social media associate with. As ISIS proliferates extremist taken antagonistic approaches that alienate campaign starting with the ISIS ‘Press ideology through increasingly non- Muslim youths, while underallocating Officer’ cum terror fighter, Abu Mosser. ISIS proprietary, easily accessible, and open source resources for genuine community fighters are media-trained and routinely channels on social media sites, online forums, engagement. Examples include the express Islamist rhetoric. During a and real-time videos, the focus of counter- permanent establishment of a supposedly confrontation with Syria’s last remaining th terror organisations has expanded from temporary (i.e. crisis-period) U.S. Army division (17 ), Abu Mosser and other military containment, capture and Department of Homeland Security, the UK militants take a moment to promote ISIS interrogation of terror suspects and launch of the Prevent project, which diverts propaganda: “I say to America that the propagators, to proactive deterrent via children as young as six to ‘deradicalisation’ Islamic State has been established. And we community intervention programs, inter- programs, and Countering Violent will not stop. Don’t be cowards and attack us faith forums, and social media use. This is an Extremism (CVE) programs in Australia with drones. Instead send your soldiers, the under-researched area, with a lack of that are the result of realpolitik rather than ones we humiliated in Iraq. We will humiliate structured empirical research, whereby most genuine concern for at-risk communities). them, God willing, and we will raise the flag data is thematic, qualitative and derived from of Allah over the White House.” Such anecdotes and interviews via opportunistic While controversy remains about root causes, unabashed propaganda is indicative of the circumstances. Given the rise in homegrown there is certainty about the immediate threat changing nature of radicalisation, with more radicalisation, domestic terror events, and the of radicalisation, which is taking place specific, Twitter friendly messages aimed at a exportation and repatriation of Western amongst Muslim youths in Western network of 46,000 – 70,000 Twitter accounts. nationals to and from the Islamic State countries. According to the International Western news outlets have described ISIS (ISIS), the focus of exploring non-lethal Centre for the Study of Radicalisation and messages as ‘very engaging’, ‘powerful’, alternatives via emerging communication Political Violence (ICSR), the number of ‘brutally effective’, ‘sophisticated’, ‘well- technologies can contribute significantly to foreign nationals traveling to fight in Iraq organised’, ‘calculated’, ‘robust’, ‘relentlessly the research literature on contemporary and Syria has topped 20,000. While more graphic’, ‘slick’ and ‘slickly produced’. counter-terrorism efforts. than half are estimated to be from the Middle Suggested strategies to counter ISIS East, almost 4,000 originate from Western messaging have been mixed, with the Understanding why people resort to Europe, with between 100-250 coming from common agreement of acknowledging social terrorism is imperative in determining how to Australia. Homegrown radicalisation has media networking as an impactful ISIS best respond. Individuals do not wake up one allegedly been spread through imported recruitment and radicalisation tool. In the morning and suddenly decide to start extremist ideology in religious schools, places words of President Barack Obama, planting bombs in public streets; there is a of worship, and community clusters. There “Ideologies are not defeated with guns, they process, iteration, a progression and have been numerous domestic terror attacks are defeated by better ideas, a more attractive graduation from adopting ideology to in the last 24 months, from Ottawa to Paris and compelling vision…The US will radicalisation to full-on violent acts. to Sydney – all conducted by homegrown continue to do our part by working with Terrorists originate from diverse terrorists. Writing in the Sydney Morning partners to counter ISIL’s hateful socioeconomic backgrounds including highly Herald, Rizina Yadav, a Year 10 student at propaganda, especially online.” educated, financially comfortable, and well- Merewether High School stated that, “Within integrated individuals. Determining ‘root’ young men, IS creates a sense of heroism, Current research literature focuses on various causes and responding to them in a lawful, advocating the misconception that in this war aspects of overall terrorism and counter- constructive and democratically sound between the West and extremism, those who terrorism narrative, each bringing its own manner does not, in any event, equate to a join IS will emerge as valiant heroes.” element to discussions of ISIS and surrender to terrorist to demands. Quite the homegrown radicalisation. Thomas Precht opposite, it demonstrates the resilience of “Extremists are always the first to refers to ‘homegrown’ terrorist attacks, such right-based liberal democratic governance condemn technology, yet they are its as the London bombings on July 7, 2005, as
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“acts of violence against targets primarily, and political class mobility may contribute to From Wired.com to Newsweek, reports of but not always, in Western countries in feelings of sympathy for certain aspects of ISIS using social media to lure which the terrorists themselves have been Islamist ideology. Realist considerations disenfranchised young men (and women) to born or raised.” Psychological perspectives abroad considering the illegal militant their violent extremist ideology have been the suggest that terrorism is goal-directed possession of oil resources and physical source of great concern for Western behaviour motivated by the fulfilment of the territory in the aftermath of the Arab Spring governments and their respective security ego-driven quest for significance (amour power vacuum, in which the (neo-colonial- agencies. The Anti-Defamation League’s propre), whereby ideological rationalisations esque) United States did play, in part, a report on ISIS’ online recruitment methods are after the fact, instead of serving as the proxy role, has finally come home to roost. detail a number of radiclaised Americans initial cause. Various socio-political Proliferation of Westerners in ISIS social (such as Christopher Lee Cornell, Douglas standpoints have been presented including media feeds into the frustration of Arthur McCain, Mohammed Hamzah Khan) feminist and postcolonial approaches along confronting Western societal stereotypes of who have been attracted by social media to with debates about the efficacy of the relief of racial or religious archetypes and further join the terror group in Syria. David Talbot objective (i.e. socioeconomic) grievances on reinforces feelings of identification with a of MIT has highlighted the need to better subjective feelings of those deemed ‘otherised’ pan-Islamist ideology that is highly unsafe identify people “most at risk of being and liberal theorisation as to how the for the religiously gullible and uninformed. persuaded by extremist messages” and concoction of religious illiteracy, youth and The issue of homegrown terrorism and develop “more reliable ways to communicate theistic fanaticism can escalate from radicalisation has been taken even more with them”. The US and UK are currently schoolyard discontent to violent jihadi. For seriously since the emergence of the Islamic developing counter-messages that are many, ISIS may represent an entirely State (ISIS). As Western nationals are culturally attenuated to potential Sunni and unrealistic glamorised ideal, far from the exported to and repatriated from ISIS, the Shia ISIS recruits. However, allegations of materialist stressors of academic, threat of homegrown terrorism grows with under-resourced mechanisms continue to occupational and societal expectations of each passing day. Terror attacks have hinder the counter-radicalisation efforts of performance in the West. occurred or been prevented from occurring Western nations. As long as policy makers in every major Western country. In are willing to genuinely consider all options The truth of ISIS, as strange as it seems, is a September 2014, the terror level in Australia in combating the ISIS threat, via both complex combination of numerous factors. was raised to high as a number of military and non-military means, hope As young men and women struggle to find a Australians were fighting with terror groups remains that domestic and international place in an increasingly impersonal in the Middle East and being repatriated to programs to prevent, counter, de-radicalise patriarchal society, those who are most Australia. In 2015 alone, the West has seen and protect the most vulnerable members of psycho-emotionally vulnerable may turn to major Islamist terror attacks in Paris, society from the seduction of ISIS’ hate-based external avenues of validation and walk Copenhagen and most recently in apocalyptic ideology will succeed in straight into the arms of a hyper- Parramatta in Sydney’s West. stemming the growth of homegrown terror. masculinating ISIS influence. Genuine issues of personal and group socioeconomic * * *
Other Events in 2016
• October 5–7 IV Encuentro Latinoamericano de Estudios Transfronterizos y de Desarrollo de Capacidades Humanas “Las Fronteras como espacios para tejer la vida feliz de los pueblos” Cúcuta, Colombia • October 4–7 ABS Europe Conference Differences and discontinuities in a “Europe without borders” University of Luxembourg. • September 23–25 First International Conference in Discourse Identity, Diversity, Borders, Athens, Greece • September 7–9 International Symposium Border Regions in Sub-Saharan Africa Joensuu, Finland • September 7–8 Borderless worlds - for whom? Ethics, moralities and (in)justice in migration and tourism, Oulu, Finland • August 21–25 International Geographical Congress (IGC), Beijing • August 18–20 the IGU-CPG Preconference in Guangzhou, China • July 25–28 Border Studies Summer School at Hokkaido University Sapporo, Japan • July 7–9 ASRDLF Conference "borders and territories" Gatineau, Canada • June 27–28 Borderland Linguistics Conference, Bristol, UK. • June 5–24 Summer Institute on Conflict Transformation across Borders in Ecuador Quito, Ecuador • June 2–3 Borders, Walls and Violence: Costs and Alternatives to Border Fencing. Montreal, Quebec, Canada • May 17–20 BRIT XV conference “Cities, States and Borders – From the Local to the Global” University of Southern Denmark, Hafen City University Hamburg and the University of Hamburg, Hamburg (Germany) and Sønderborg (Denmark). • April 13–16 Annual Meeting of the Association for Borderlands Studies, Reno, Nevada, USA • April 6–8 Borders and Mobility Honolulu, Hawai'i • March 29–April 2 American Association of Geographers Annual Meeting, New Geographies of War, San Francisco, California, USA
ABS Executive Secretariat - Karelian Institute, University of Eastern Finland - PO Box 111 - FI-80101 - Joensuu, Finland 15 LA FRONTERA 36(2)
Houtum, H, van, (2015). Grens als verhaal, in: A. Nowek (2016). Collective Discussion: P u b l i c a t i o n s Marloes Verhoeven en Anne Ribbert, Ferocious Architecture: Sovereign Spaces/ Pindakaas & Kirschmarmelade: ontmoetingen Places by Design. International Political met Nederlands-Duitse grensgangers”, Sociology. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ips/ Stichting Grensdialoog (zie http:// olv002 Bach, D. (2015) Regionalism in Africa. www.stichtinggrensdialoog.nl/boek/) Genealogies, institutions and trans-state Mumme, S. P. (2016). The Politics of U.S.- networks .Abingdon: Routledge. Houtum, H. van (2015). De politiek van de Mexico Transboundary Water Governance stad, in: Visies op de Stad, Hospers, Ernste, since NAFTA: Observations on the Brambilla, C., J. Laine, J. W. Scott & G. van Melik (red.), Boom Lemma (Changing?) Architecture of Power in U.S.- Bocchi, eds. (2015, forthcoming). Mexico Water Relations, Globalizations, 13 Borderscaping: Imaginations and Practices of Houtum, H. van (2015). Een 10-punten plan (6), 1-17. Border Making. Ashgate, London. voor het grensbeleid van de EU, Geografie, nov-dec, p10-13 Reyes, V. (2015). Global Borderlands: A Case Bueno Lacy, R., & van Houtum, H. (2015). Study of Subic Bay Freeport Zone, Philippines. Lies, Damned Lies & Maps: The EU's Houtum, H. van and Mark Eker, (2015). Theory and Society 44(4), 355-384. Cartopolitical Invention of Europe. Journal of Redesigning Borderlands, Using the Janusface Contemporary European Studies, 23(4), of borders as a resource, Borderscaping: Reyes, V. 2015. Legacies of Place and Power: 477-499. Imaginations and Practices of Bordermaking. From Military Base to Freeport Zone. City & Eds. Chiara Brambilla, Jussi Laine, James Scott, Community 14(1), 1-26. Celata F. & R. Coletti (2015). Cross-border and Gianluca Bocchi. Aldershot: Ashgate. cooperation as a territorial/relational approach Richardson, Paul (2016). Beyond the Nation to regional development?” in C. Brambilla, J. Houtum, H. van and R. Bueno Lacy (2015). and into the State: Identity, belonging, and the Laine, J. Scott and G. Bocchi (eds), EU’s self-threatening border regime, The ‘hyper-border,’ Transactions of the Institute of Borderscaping: imaginations and practices of Broker online (http://www.thebrokeronline.eu/ British Geographers, 41 (2), 201–215. border making Ashgate – Border Region Blogs/Inclusive-Economy-Europe/The-EU-s- series, pp. 151-162 self-threatening-border-regime) Schimanski, J. (2015). Reading Borders and Reading as Crossing Borders. In: I. Brandell, Celata F. & R. Coletti (2016). Beyond Fortress Houtum, H. van M. Eker, (2015). M. Carlson and Ö. Çetrez, eds. Borders Europe. Unbounding European Normative BorderScapes: Redesigning the Borderland, and the Changing Boundaries of Knowledge, Power and the Neighbourhood Policy. Territorio, journal of the Department of Stockholm, Swedish Research Institute in Geography Compass, 10(1), pp. 15-24 Architecture and Urban Studies, DAStU, Istanbul, pp. 91-107. Available at:
Green OA policy allows authors to post Subscriptions to the Journal of Borderlands Journal of their Accepted manuscripts without Studies are provided automatically to all embargo to their personal or departmental paying members of the ABS. website, as well as a short note on journal Borderlands selector sites Studies Volume 30, Issue 3, 2015 Peer Review Statement http://www.tandfonline.com/toc/rjbs20/ current All submissions to this journal undergo rigorous peer review, based on initial editor screening and double-blind review by at least Risky Borders: Traffic Pollution and Health two referees, although in many instances Effects at US–Mexican Ports of Entry three referees are used. Penelope J. E. Quintana, Paul Ganster, Paula E. Stigler Granados, Gabriela Muñoz-Meléndez, Journal of Borderlands Studies uses Margarito Quintero-Núñez & José Guillermo ScholarOne Manuscripts (previously Rodríguez-Ventura Manuscript Central) to peer review manuscript submissions. Please read the Theoretical Framework of the Cross-border Space Production – The Case of the guide for ScholarOne authors before making Eurometropolis Lille–Kortrijk–Tournai a submission Frédéric Durand Customs and Illegal Trade: Old Game - New Rules
Manuscript Submission Mariya Polner Cross-Border Trades and Commerce between All submissions should be made online at the Thailand and Neighboring Countries: Policy Journal of Borderlands Studies ScholarOne Implications for Establishing Special Border Manuscripts site. New users should first Economic Zones create an account. Once a user is logged onto ISSN 0886-5655 (Print), 2159-1229 (Online) Choen Krainara & Jayant K. Routray the site submissions should be made via the Publication Frequency Author Centre. 4 issues per year. 4 issues will be print. SPECIAL SECTION: BORDERS, INFORMALITY, INTERNATIONAL TRADE Disclaimer AND CUSTOMS Journal of Borderlands Studies (JBS) is the The Association for Borderlands Studies and Introduction: Borders, Informality, primary publication of the Association for our publisher Taylor & Francis make every International Trade and Customs Borderlands Studies, which has distinguished effort to ensure the accuracy of all the Thomas Cantens, Robert Ireland & Gaël itself as a leading forum for borderlands information (the “Content”) contained in our Raballand research. Widely consulted by educators, publications. However, the Association and practitioners and researchers, the journal Informality, Trade Policies and Smuggling in our publisher Taylor & Francis, our agents, West Africa encourages the submission of papers from all and our licensors make no representations or Nancy Benjamin, Stephen Golub & Ahmadou Aly social science, humanities and business warranties whatsoever as to the accuracy, Mbaye disciplines focusing on borderlands issues. completeness, or suitability for any purpose of the Content. Any opinions and views Informal Trade, Cross Border Networks and The journal publishes work from any Contraband of Asian Textiles from expressed in this publication are the opinions discipline that illuminates border problems, Brazzaville to Kinshasa characteristics, issues and realities in any part and views of the authors, and are not the Sylvie Ayimpam of the world; the border emphasis is global. views of or endorsed by the Association and our publisher Taylor & Francis. The accuracy Formal or Informal, Legal or Illegal: The Papers should deal in a substantive way with of the Content should not be relied upon and Ambiguous Nature of Cross-border Livestock the border-related aspects of a topic. should be independently verified with Trade in the Horn of Africa Submissions should not just be the results of a primary sources of information. The study in a region near a border without Peter D. Little, Waktole Tiki & Dejene Negassa Association and our publisher Taylor & Debsu significant consideration of border or Francis shall not be liable for any losses, transborder influences and characteristics. Taking Copies from China Past Customs: actions, claims, proceedings, demands, costs, Routines, Risks, and the Possibility of Since 2011, the Association for Borderlands expenses, damages, and other liabilities Catastrophe Studies’s Journal is published in the UK by whatsoever or howsoever caused arising Gordon Mathews Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Group, directly or indirectly in connection with, in A Case Study on Shuttle Trade between Korea relation to or arising out of the use of the Informa UK Limited. Libraries and and China institutional subscribers are asked to please Content. Terms & Conditions of access and Chang-Ryung Han, Hans Nelen & Yeonho Kang contact their Customer Services at: use can be found at http:// [email protected] for pricing www.tandfonline.com/page/terms-and- information. conditions
ABS Executive Secretariat - Karelian Institute, University of Eastern Finland - PO Box 111 - FI-80101 - Joensuu, Finland 17 LA FRONTERA 36(2) La Frontera The Association for La Association for MEMBERSHIP conference. Next conference ABS and CIBR have Borderlands Studies (ABS) Borderlands Studies (ABS) Membership benefits include will be in April 8-11, 2014 in collaborated in the is the leading international es la principal entidad the Journal of Borderlands Portland, Oregon. compilation of an extensive scholarly association internacional y académica Studies, our online newsletter, selected Borders dedicated exclusively to the que se dedica exclusivamente La Fronterra. Members FUTURE CONFERENCES Bibliography. The systematic interchange of al intercambio constante de receive information about • 2016 Reno, Nevada – bibliography contains work on ideas and information ideas e información international borderlands April 13 – 16 state borders, border regions, relating to international relacionadas con las áreas conferences. • 2017 San Francisco, borderlands, cross-border co- border areas. Founded in fronterizas internacionales. California – April 12 – 15 operation and trans-national 1976 with the original Fundada en 1976 con el JOURNAL • 2018 San Antonio, Texas governance. It is available in emphasis on the study of the original énfasis en el estudio Our primary publication is the – April 4 – 7 sections corresponding to United States-Mexico de la región fronteriza entre Journal of Borderlands • 2019 San Diego, regional categories, or can be borderlands region, the Estados Unidos y México, la Studies, published four times California – April 24 – 27 accessed as a single file Association has grown asociación ha estado en a year. It has, for more than a ordered alphabetically by steadily. It now encompasses constante crecimiento. A día decade, distinguished itself as RESOURCES author. an interdisciplinary de hoy, abarca la sociedad a leading forum for ABS is in the process of membership of scholars at interdisciplinaria de miembros borderlands research. forging links with other Suggestions for new more than one hundred académicos para más de cien research institutions references are welcome. academic, governmental instituciones internationally, most recently Contact: [email protected] institutions, and NGOs gubernamentales y CONFERENCES with The Centre for representing the Americas, académicas, y para ONG ABS Annual Meetings are International Borders ABS is endeavoring to keep Asia, Africa and Europe. presentes en América, Asia, held with the Western Social Research (CIBR). the links as accurate and up- África y Europa. Science Association‘s annual to-date as possible.
Officers Dr. Akihiro Iwashita — President Dr. Martha Patricia Barraza de Anda — President Elect & 2016 Conference Chair Dr. Guadalupe Correa-Cabrera — Vice President Dr. Francisco Lara — 2nd Vice President Dr. Martin van der Velde — Past President Dr. Jussi P. Laine — Executive Secretary & Treasurer Dr. James W. Scott — Vice Executive Secretary Board of Directors 2013-2016 Term Dr. Anne-Laure Amilhat Szary Dr. Paul P. Richardson Dr. T. Mark Montoya 2014-2017 Term Dr. Joan B. Anderson Dr. Adriana Dorfman Dr. Christophe Sohn 2015-2018 Term Dr. Laurie Trautman Dr. Dhananjay Tripathi Dr. César Fuentes Executive Secretary Contact by email: absexec@uef.fi or via mail at:
ABS Executive Secretariat c/o Karelian Institute, University of Eastern Finland PO Box 111, FI-80101 Joensuu, Finland
18 ABS Executive Secretariat - Karelian Institute, University of Eastern Finland - PO Box 111 - FI-80101 - Joensuu, Finland