Research Committee B Conflicts of Interest
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The Role of Small Rnas in C4 Photosynthesis
The Role of Small RNAs in C4 Photosynthesis E.L.C. Gage Magdalene College University of Cambridge A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy June 2012 Contents Declaration ........................................................................................................................... i Acknowledgements ............................................................................................................ iii Abstract ............................................................................................................................... v List of Figures .................................................................................................................... vii List of Tables .................................................................................................................... viii Abbreviations ..................................................................................................................... ix 1. Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 1 1.1: A Requirement for Improved Crop Productivity ....................................................... 1 1.2: The Effects of Photorespiration ................................................................................. 1 1.3: The C4 Cycle .............................................................................................................. 3 1.4: miRNA Regulation of the C4 Cycle ........................................................................ -
CV Andreas P. M. Weber
Andreas P.M. Weber – Curriculum Vitae Institute of Plant Biochemistry Department of Biology Heinrich-Heine-Universität Phone +49-211-81-12347 Geb. 26.03.01 Fax +49-211-81-13706 D-40225 Düsseldorf [email protected] http://www.plant-biochemistry.hhu.de EDUCATION Institution Major/Area Degree Year University of Würzburg Botany Diploma 1991 University of Würzburg Plant Biology Dr. rer.nat. 1996 University of Cologne Plant Biology Habilitation 2002 APPOINTMENTS 2013 Director, Center for Synthetic Life Sciences (CSL), HHU Düsseldorf 2007- Professor (W3) and Chair, Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Department of Biology, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany 2007-2012 Adjunct Professor of Plant Biology, Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University 2002-2007 Associate Professor of Plant Biology, Department of Plant Biology Michigan State University 1997-2002 Research Group Leader, Department of Plant Biology University of Cologne, Germany 2000-2001 Visiting Scientist (Honorary Fellow), Department of Botany University of Wisconsin-Madison 1996-1997 Postdoctoral Fellow, Department of Plant Biology University of Cologne, Germany FUNCTIONS IN STRUCTURED RESEARCH PROGRAMS 2016 Deputy Speaker, Coordinated Research Center 1208 “Identity and Dynamics of Membrane Systems” (SFB 1208; http://www.sfb1208.hhu.de/en.html) 2012 - Speaker, Excellence Cluster EXC 1028, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Science (CEPLAS; http://ceplas.eu) 2009 - Speaker, International Graduate Training Group IRTG 1525, iGRAD-Plant (http://www.igrad-plant.hhu.de) RESEARCH INTERESTS Physiology, biochemistry, and molecular biology of solute transport in plant cells; compartmentation of metabolic pathways and metabolic networks; photorespiration; C4 photosynthesis; extremophilic eukaryotes; ‘Omics technologies; synthetic experimental evolution; synthetic biology. CURRICULUM VITAE ANDREAS P.M. -
The Bdellovibrio Bacteriovorus Twin-Arginine Transport System Has Roles in Predatory and Prey-Independent Growth
Microbiology (2011), 157, 3079–3093 DOI 10.1099/mic.0.052449-0 The Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus twin-arginine transport system has roles in predatory and prey-independent growth Chien-Yi Chang,1 Laura Hobley,1 Rob Till,1 Michael Capeness,1 Machi Kanna,23 William Burtt,1 Pratik Jagtap,34 Shin-Ichi Aizawa2 and R. Elizabeth Sockett1 Correspondence 1Institute of Genetics, School of Biology, University of Nottingham Medical School, R. Elizabeth Sockett Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK [email protected] 2Prefectural University of Hiroshima, 562 Nanatsuka, Shobara, Hiroshima 727-0023, Japan 3Max-Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, 72076 Tu¨bingen, Germany Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus grows in one of two ways: either (i) predatorily [in a host-dependent (HD) manner], when it invades the periplasm of another Gram-negative bacterium, exporting into the prey co-ordinated waves of soluble enzymes using the prey cell contents for growth; or (ii) in a host-independent (HI) manner, when it grows (slowly) axenically in rich media. Periplasmic invasion potentially exposes B. bacteriovorus to extremes of pH and exposes the need to scavenge electron donors from prey electron transport components by synthesis of metalloenzymes. The twin-arginine transport system (Tat) in other bacteria transports folded metalloenzymes and the B. bacteriovorus genome encodes 21 potential Tat-transported substrates and Tat transporter proteins TatA1, TatA2 and TatBC. GFP tagging of the Tat signal peptide from Bd1802, a high-potential iron–sulfur protein (HiPIP), revealed it to be exported into the prey bacterium during predatory growth. Mutagenesis showed that the B. bacteriovorus tatA2 and tatC gene products are essential for both HI and HD growth, despite the fact that they partially complement (in SDS resistance assays) the corresponding mutations in Escherichia coli where neither TatA nor TatC are essential for life. -
1471-2164-13-670.Pdf
Hobley et al. BMC Genomics 2012, 13:670 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2164/13/670 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Genome analysis of a simultaneously predatory and prey-independent, novel Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus from the River Tiber, supports in silico predictions of both ancient and recent lateral gene transfer from diverse bacteria Laura Hobley1,3, Thomas R Lerner1,4, Laura E Williams2, Carey Lambert1, Rob Till1, David S Milner1, Sarah M Basford1, Michael J Capeness1, Andrew K Fenton1,5, Robert J Atterbury1,6, Maximilian ATS Harris1 and R Elizabeth Sockett1* Abstract Background: Evolution equipped Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus predatory bacteria to invade other bacteria, digesting and replicating, sealed within them thus preventing nutrient-sharing with organisms in the surrounding environment. Bdellovibrio were previously described as “obligate predators” because only by mutations, often in gene bd0108, are 1 in ~1x107 of predatory lab strains of Bdellovibrio converted to prey-independent growth. A previous genomic analysis of B. bacteriovorus strain HD100 suggested that predatory consumption of prey DNA by lytic enzymes made Bdellovibrio less likely than other bacteria to acquire DNA by lateral gene transfer (LGT). However the Doolittle and Pan groups predicted, in silico, both ancient and recent lateral gene transfer into the B. bacteriovorus HD100 genome. Results: To test these predictions, we isolated a predatory bacterium from the River Tiber- a good potential source of LGT as it is rich in diverse bacteria and organic pollutants- by enrichment culturing with E. coli prey cells. The isolate was identified as B. bacteriovorus and named as strain Tiberius. Unusually, this Tiberius strain showed simultaneous prey-independent growth on organic nutrients and predatory growth on live prey. -
Uk Plant Science Research Strategy a Green Roadmap for the Next Ten Years Contents
UK PLANT SCIENCE RESEARCH STRATEGY A GREEN ROADMAP FOR THE NEXT TEN YEARS CONTENTS Foreword . 1 Introduction . 3 Context . 4 Deliverables . .5 1 Securing. a Pipeline of Transformative Discoveries . 5 2 Strategic. Research to Solve Grand Challenges . .8 3 Innovation. 11 4 Diverse. People and Skills . .18 5 National. Infrastructure . 20 6 International. Landscape . .21 List of Recommendations . 23 Appendix 1: List of people consulted . .25 FOREWORD In many ways the idea of a national strategy I also held a workshop with twenty independent is counterintuitive – science is global and research fellows . I am extremely grateful to more than ever we need to be working across everyone who gave their time and thoughtful national boundaries to solve the enormous input during a very challenging period of environmental and societal challenges that we national lockdown . The issues we discussed face . However, to collaborate more effectively in revolved around what plant science research the international arena we first need increased can and should contribute to society, and what investment and better co-ordination across the mechanisms are needed to ensure effective UK . In April 2020, following discussions with delivery of those contributions . After the colleagues, I proposed a community-driven consultation, I distilled many pages of informal approach to develop a plant science research notes into a two page summary of the core strategy for the UK . I engaged with no personal messages that would underpin the strategy . In or professional agenda, no vested interest and the second phase, this summary was circulated an open mind1 . Melanie Welham, Executive to all consultees, with a request to consult more Chair of the UK Biotechnology and Biological widely within their local constituency and to Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), part feedback any further comments . -
An Inside Job: Bdellovibrio Bacteriovorus Some Predatory ‘Bugs’ Eat Other ‘Bugs’ from Inside, As Liz Sockett and Her Research Group Have Found
An inside job: Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus Some predatory ‘bugs’ eat other ‘bugs’ from inside, as Liz Sockett and her research group have found. dellovibrio are small (0.25× Bdellovibrio where the acquisition of a large number of genes periplasmic growth phase, during which they reside inside the 1.0 µm), flagellate, motile, for hydrolytic enzymes, and for penetrating and resealing dead prey cell, degrading it by secreting enzymes across the Gram-negative deltapro- the prey cell, give access to an intracellular niche, bounded prey cytoplasmic membrane to digest prey macromolecules, teobacteria which invade by the prey-cell outer membrane, where the Bdellovibrio can and taking up the products for Bdellovibrio growth. Bdellovibrio and kill other Gram-nega- ‘dine privately’ on the inner contents of the prey cell without seem to be mostly ‘locked on’ to predatory growth in dilute tive bacteria, entering the competition for nutrients from other bacteria. This contrasts environments and cannot productively switch to HI growth to Bprey cell’s periplasm, replicating within with the ‘eating habits’ of other deltaproteobacteria such survive, but depend on finding prey for replication. During the it and using the contents of that as the myxobacteria which digest prey externally and take free-swimming attack phase, rapid prey location, attachment bacterium as their nutrient source. up digested prey nutrients partly in competition with other and recognition are vital to the successful replication of the Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus HD100 is the bacteria in their surroundings. Bdellovibrio, as they typically have a half-life of about 10 sequenced strain and has a 3.8 Mb gen- hours during starvation in buffered environments. -
Microbiology@UCL Virtual Symposium 2020
Microbiology@UCL Virtual Symposium 2020 Day 1: 28th July 9:00 – 12:30 08:50 – 09:00 Welcome and housekeeping (opening slides) 09:00 Opening: Joanne Santini (Structural & Molecular Biology and Domain lead) Session 1 (Chair: Snezana Djordjevic, Structural & Molecular Biology) 09:05 Keynote: Rotem Sorek (Weizmann Institute of Science) The immune system of bacteria: Beyond CRISPR 09:35 Mark Marsh (MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology) Membrane trafficking plays an essential role in lentiviral pathogenesis 09:50 George Blundell-Hunter (Pharmaceutics) Characterisation of bacteriophage-encoded depolymerases selective for key Klebsiella pneumoniae capsular exopolysaccharides 09:55 Georgina Benn (London Centre for Nanotechnology and Institute of Structural & Molecular Biology) Imaging the surface of live bacteria with nanometre resolution 10:00 Samuel Ellis (Infection, Immunity & Inflammation, GOSH Institute of Child Health) Impact of binding respiratory syncytial virus G protein on pneumococcal cell division and antibiotic sensitivity 10:05 Poster Session 1 (Chair: China Hanson, Microbiology@UCL Domain Manager) 10:30 Jason Mercer (MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology) Seeing is believing: Super-resolving poxvirus protein architecture 10:45 15min break Session 2 (Chair: TBA) 11:00 Jürg Bähler (Genetics, Evolution & Environment) Natural variant of pyruvate kinase in fission yeast tunes energy metabolism and triggers systems-wide adaptations in cellular regulation and physiology 11:15 Gabriel Tarrason Risa (MRC Laboratory for Molecular -
Microbiologytoday Biology and Pathogenesis Current Technology and Author: Naveed Khan Molecular Biology Applications
Caister Academic Press New Books for 2009 www.caister.com Acanthamoeba Lactobacillus Real-Time PCR microbiologytoday Biology and Pathogenesis Current Technology and Author: Naveed Khan Molecular Biology Applications ... available now! c. 220 pp., February 2009 From Genomics to Probiotics Edited by: J. Logan, K. Edwards and N. Saunders ISBN: 978-1-904455-43-1 $310 / £150 Edited by: Åsa Ljungh and Torkel Wadström x + 284 pp., January 2009 The first comprehensive review of c. 220 pp., January 2009 ISBN 978-1-904455-39-4 $310 / £150 Acanthamoeba research to be published. ISBN 978-1-904455-41-7 $310 / £150 A comprehensive guide to the latest PCR The current state of research on every aspect An essential reference for all dairy of this organism, detailing major advances platforms, fluorescent chemistries, validation technologists, microbiologists and in areas such as genomics, molecular and software, data analysis, internal and external cellular biology, life cycles, geographical biotechnologists. Includes phylogenetics, controls and a wide range of applications: distribution, role in ecosystem, morphology, taxonomy, comparative genomics, functional clinical diagnostics, biodefense, RNA vol35|nov08 genomics, the intestinal microflora, surface motility, phylogenetics, genotyping, metabolism, expression studies, validation of array data, quarterly regulation of morphogenesis, host-parasite proteins, stress responses, interaction with mutation detection, food authenticity and interactions, the molecular and immunological the immune system, probiotics, anti-cancer legislation, NASBA, and molecular halotyping. basis of pathogenesis, methods of transmission, potential, and much more. Essential reading for magazine of epidemiology, clinical manifestation, diagnosis, all scientists involved with lactic acid bacteria treatment, new target development and drug or probiotic research and a recommended book the society resistance. -
BIOLOGY 639 SCIENCE ONLINE the Unexpected Brains Behind Blood Vessel Growth 641 THIS WEEK in SCIENCE 668 U.K
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University Botanic Garden Annual Report 2013-2014 Director’S Report
University Botanic Garden Annual Report 2013-2014 Director’s Report This year we rethought the Garden’s senior staff structure, and put plans and people in place to develop a research-focused collections strategy. Having now seen a full calendar year through as Director of the new collections strategy coming in to play next year, we will be able to Garden, it is interesting to see how our activities and priorities change play our full role in these challenges as a unique collection-based plant with the seasons. It is clear that spring and summer are our busiest science research organisation. times, and there is a palpable sense of excitement in the Garden after January as new life begins to return to the plantings and the visitors The second senior post that we established is that of Head of Estates and start to flood in. Late spring and early summer see the education team Operations. Mr Carl Tatterton is joining us in January 2015 to fill this role, at the peak of business, welcoming several schools on educational and brings a good deal of experience of managing similarly complex visits every day and running a variety of adult courses throughout the sites as a result of a 30 year career in the British Army. Our intention is week. By late summer the combined effect of thousands of visitors and that this dedicated post will allow us to progress a range of projects such little rain begin to take their toll, and the horticulture team are as those to enhance café capacity, the quality and appearance of our noticeably stretched to maintain the Garden at its usual peak of boundaries, and visitor service facilities particularly at the Station Road horticultural excellence. -
Openplant Handbook 2017 CONTENTS
OpenPlant Handbook 2017 CONTENTS Introduction What is OpenPlant? 4 Objectives 6 Work Programme 7 Summary of progress Year 1 8 Year2 9 Year 3 10 DNA Research highlights 12 Marchantia as a model plant system 15 Plant Research highlights 18 Enabling the innovators 22 OpenPlant Fund projects Hardware 24 Biology 26 Software 29 Biomaker Challenge 30 Practices for responsible innovation 32 Engagement highlights 33 Responsible Innovation projects 26 Global Challenges 38 People Leadership group 40 Coordination group 40 Research leaders 41 Advisory board 44 Research Council coordinators 46 Research associates 46 Meeting notes 54 Image: Bernardo Pollak Multi-spectral fluorescence image of a Marchantia polymorpha gemma (clonal propagule) expressing MpEF1a:mTurquoise2-N7 and MpAGL:Venus-N7 fluorescent reporter genes with propidium iodide-stained cell walls. Image captured by Bernardo Pollak using confocal laser scanning microscopy in the Haseloff laboratory at the University of Cambridge. (Synthetic Botany, Boehm et al. CSH Perspectives in Biology, 2017, doi: 10.1101/cshperspect.a023887) 2 3 Synthetic Biology offers the prospect of reprogrammed biological systems for improved and sustainable bioproduction. While early efforts in the field have been directed at microbes, the engineering of plant systems provides even greater potential benefits. In contrast to microbes, plants are already globally cultivated at extremely low cost, harvested on the giga-tonne scale, and routinely used to produce the widest range of biostuffs, from fibres, wood, oils, sugar, fine chemicals, drugs to food. Plants are genetically facile, and GM plants are currently grown on the >100 million hectare scale. Plant systems are ripe for synthetic biology, and any improvement in the ability to reprogram metabolic pathways or plant architecture will have far-reaching consequences. -
Researchers Uncover Tools Used by Predatory Bacteria to Escape Unharmed from Prey Cell 23 September 2020
Researchers uncover tools used by predatory bacteria to escape unharmed from prey cell 23 September 2020 bacteriovorus succeeds in invading, and then escaping its prey cells is an important step in this process. The enzyme they discovered seems like a well- known enzyme called a lysozyme- one of the earliest- ever studied enzymes and found in human tears and saliva; but this one has a twist where it has changed to do something surprising. "Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus is known for its ability to invade prey bacteria and stay inside the cell for a few hours, effectively eating the bacteria alive," explains Dr. Andrew Lovering, of the University of Birmingham's School of Biosciences. "At the end of Credit: CC0 Public Domain this process, the predator is able to break the prey open and escape. Because the walls of both the predator and prey cells are made of very similar molecules, we wanted to find out how the predator Predatory bacteria, capable of invading and was able to cut the cell wall material of the prey cell consuming harmful bugs such as E .coli and and get out without damaging itself in the process." Salmonella, use a unique tool to help them escape the cell they have invaded without harming The team already knew part of the answer lay in an themselves, according to a new study. early action by the predator bacteria to remove a particular molecule, from the cell wall of the prey. Researchers at the Universities of Birmingham and This created a 'marker' identifying the prey wall Nottingham have identified a particular enzyme material as different to the predator.