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Índice De Progreso Social Del Distrito De San Juan Lurigancho

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Índice De Progreso Social Del Distrito De San Juan Lurigancho PONTIFICIA UNIVERSIDAD CATÓLICA DEL PERÚ ESCUELA DE POSGRADO Índice de Progreso Social del Distrito de San Juan Lurigancho TESIS PARA OBTENER EL GRADO DE MAGÍSTER EN ADMINISTRACIÓN ESTRATÉGICA DE EMPRESAS OTORGADO POR LA PONTIFICIA UNIVERSIDAD CATÓLICA DEL PERÚ PRESENTADA POR Adriana Lucía Crespo Espinoza César Alfredo Bezada Sánchez Jorge Alberto Carrasco Reátegui Juan Carlos Vega Centeno Gamio Asesor: Luis Alfonso del Carpio Castro Surco, septiembre 2019 ii Agradecimientos Nuestro agradecimiento a CENTRUM PUCP y a los profesores por habernos guiado en el camino a conseguir nuestro grado académico de magíster. En especial a nuestro asesor de tesis Luis del Carpio, quien nos dio su valioso apoyo y absolvió todas nuestras dudas en el camino. Dedicatorias A mis padres, hermanas y novio, por su amor y paciencia durante estos años de estudio y sacrificio. Adriana Crespo A mis padres Anaberta y Alfredo, mi hermana Carolina y mi novia Julia por su constante motivación y apoyo, pero sobre todo por creer siempre en mí. Y una mención especial por Gustavo Cerati por acompañarme durante este proceso. César Bezada A mi familia, en especial a mis sobrinas Killari y Munay, a mi novia, y a mis amigos más cercanos por su apoyo incondicional. Jorge Carrasco A mi familia en especial a mi esposa, hijos y padres por su apoyo decidido en la transformación de este proyecto en realidad. Juan Carlos Vega Centeno iii Resumen Ejecutivo San Juan de Lurigancho es uno de los distritos más representativos del Perú, no solo por ser el más poblado del país, sino por ser producto de la convergencia de una gran diversidad de idiosincrasias y procedencias, surgidas a raíz de los procesos migratorios desde inicios de la colonia hasta la explosión demográfica en la segunda mitad del siglo XX. Es en este contexto que el Índice de Progreso Social (IPS) es de vital importancia pues ayuda a caracterizar y develar la calidad de vida de los más de un millón de personas que habitan el distrito, más allá de indicadores estrictamente económicos; permitiendo identificar las brechas de progreso social, en términos de necesidades humanas básicas, fundamentos de bienestar y oportunidades para todos los ciudadanos. En consecuencia, la presente investigación tuvo como propósito calcular el modelo del IPS del distrito de San Juan de Lurigancho, partiendo de su división en cuatro zonas geográficas y recolectando información tanto de fuentes primarias como secundarias; con el fin de establecer el nivel de progreso social de cada una de ellas, teniendo en cuenta las dimensiones, componentes e indicadores establecidos por la metodología. Así pues el distrito de San Juan de Lurigancho alcanzó un IPS de 53.40, que lo situaron en la categoría baja; a nivel de dimensiones, tanto fundamentos de bienestar como oportunidades se ubicaron en la categoría baja; y a nivel de componentes las mayores oportunidades de mejora se mostraron en: seguridad personal, sostenibilidad ambiental y el acceso a la educación superior; además se estableció que las zonas más críticas son la tres y cuatro con un nivel de progreso social muy bajo y bajo, respectivamente. Estos resultados mostraron una realidad que requiere de atención inmediata por parte de las autoridades y actores sociales involucrados; para ello, se formularon recomendaciones que tienen como finalidad actuar como fuente para implementar las iniciativas necesarias a través de las entidades competentes, que permitan potenciar la merecida calidad de vida de sus habitantes. iv Abstract San Juan de Lurigancho is one of the most representative districts of Peru, not only because it is the most populous in the country but also it is the product of the convergence of a great diversity of idiosyncrasies and provenances, arisen as a result of the migratory processes since the beginning of the colony until the demographic explosion in the second half of the twentieth century. Into this context, the Social Progress Index (SPI) is of vital importance as it helps to characterize and reveal the quality of life, of more than one million people that live in the district, beyond strictly economic indicators, allowing identify the gaps in social progress in terms of basic human needs, foundations of wellbeing and opportunities for all citizens. Consequently, the present investigation aims to calculate the model of SPI of the district of San Juan de Lurigancho, starting by its division into four geographical zones and collecting information from primary and secondary sources in order to establish the level of social progress in each of them, taking into account the dimensions, components and indicators stablished by the methodology. In that way, the district of San Juan de Lurigancho got a SPI of 53.40, locating it in the low level of the scale; at the level of dimensions, both foundations of wellbeing and opportunities located in the low category; and at the component level the mayor improvement opportunities are into: personal safety, environmental quality and access to advanced education; additionally it was stablished that the most critical zones are the three and four, with a very low and low level of social progress, respectively. These results showed a reality that requires immediate attention from the authorities and social actors involved; in that way, recommendations were formulated which are intended to act as a source for implementing the necessary initiatives through the competent entities that allows potentiate the deserved quality of life of its inhabitants. i Tabla de Contenidos Lista de Tablas .................................................................................................................... iv Lista de Figuras ....................................................................................................................v Capítulo I: Introducción ......................................................................................................1 Antecedentes .................................................................................................................1 Definición del Problema ................................................................................................3 Objetivo General y Específicos de la Investigación ........................................................4 Significancia de la Investigación ...................................................................................4 Naturaleza del Estudio ...................................................................................................6 Marco Teórico de la Investigación .................................................................................8 Definiciones de Términos del Estudio ......................................................................... 11 Supuestos de la Investigación ...................................................................................... 12 Limitaciones de la Investigación .................................................................................. 13 Delimitaciones de la Investigación .............................................................................. 13 Resumen del Capítulo .................................................................................................. 14 Capítulo II: Estudio del Contexto del Distrito de San Juan de Lurigancho .................... 15 2.1 Estudio del Contexto Externo del Distrito de San Juan de Lurigancho ......................... 16 2.1.1 Análisis externo de la dimensión necesidades básicas humanas .......................... 16 2.1.2 Análisis externo de la dimensión fundamentos de bienestar ................................ 26 2.1.3 Análisis externo de la dimensión oportunidades.................................................. 38 2.2 Estudio del Contexto Interno del Distrito de San Juan de Lurigancho .......................... 40 2.2.1 Alto índice de inseguridad .................................................................................. 42 2.2.2 Baja accesibilidad de los programas sociales para la población vulnerable .......... 43 ii 2.2.3 Bajo desarrollo humano inclusivo ....................................................................... 44 2.2.4 Inadecuada gestión ambiental sostenible ............................................................. 46 2.2.5 Inadecuada gestión de riesgo de desastres ........................................................... 48 2.2.6 Bajo crecimiento urbano ordenado y sostenible .................................................. 49 2.2.7 Baja competitividad territorial ............................................................................ 49 2.2.8 Baja modernización de la gestión publica ........................................................... 50 2.3 Resumen del Capítulo .................................................................................................. 51 2.4 Conclusiones del Capítulo ........................................................................................... 52 Capítulo III: Metodología de la Investigación ................................................................... 53 3.1 Diseño de la Investigación ........................................................................................... 53 3.2 Determinación de Conceptos ....................................................................................... 54 3.3 Construcción del Modelo ............................................................................................. 56 3.3.1 Población ..........................................................................................................
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