DOCSLIB.ORG

Uva-DARE (Digital Academic Repository)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Uva-DARE (Digital Academic Repository) UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository) The European Roma: minority representation, memory, and the limits of transnational governmentality van Baar, H.J.M. Publication date 2011 Link to publication Citation for published version (APA): van Baar, H. J. M. (2011). The European Roma: minority representation, memory, and the limits of transnational governmentality. General rights It is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), other than for strictly personal, individual use, unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Disclaimer/Complaints regulations If you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or (privacy) interests, please let the Library know, stating your reasons. In case of a legitimate complaint, the Library will make the material inaccessible and/or remove it from the website. Please Ask the Library: https://uba.uva.nl/en/contact, or a letter to: Library of the University of Amsterdam, Secretariat, Singel 425, 1012 WP Amsterdam, The Netherlands. You will be contacted as soon as possible. UvA-DARE is a service provided by the library of the University of Amsterdam (https://dare.uva.nl) Download date:28 Sep 2021 ȱ Chapterȱ8ȱ TheȱEuropeanȱMemoryȱProblemȱRevisited:ȱ RomaniȱMemoryȱbeyondȱAmnesiaȱ ȱ ȱ ȱ ȱ ȱ ȱ ȱ INTRODUCTIONȱ ȱ MaȱBisteren!ȱLet’sȱnotȱforget!ȱ1ȱ ȱ Weȱhaveȱbeenȱtaughtȱthatȱitȱisȱourȱdutyȱtoȱremember.ȱThatȱisȱcertainlyȱaȱpositiveȱdeȬ velopment.ȱYetȱtheȱdoctrineȱthatȱurgesȱusȱnotȱtoȱforgetȱtheȱcrimesȱagainstȱmankindȱisȱ accompaniedȱbyȱtheȱhopeȱthatȱthisȱmemoryȱwillȱpreventȱusȱfromȱrepeatingȱtheȱatrocȬ itiesȱofȱtheȱpast.ȱButȱwithoutȱtheȱdutyȱtoȱthink,ȱtheȱdutyȱtoȱrememberȱwillȱbeȱmeaningȬ less.ȱ(ClaudeȱLefortȱcitedȱProbstȱ2003:ȱ58)ȱ ȱ InȱherȱbestȬsellingȱtravelȱstoryȱBuryȱmeȱStanding:ȱTheȱGypsiesȱandȱtheirȱJourneyȱ(1995)ȱIsabelȱ Fonsecaȱ suggestsȱ thatȱ theȱ Romaȱ doȱ notȱ collectivelyȱ rememberȱ andȱ thatȱ theyȱ forgetȱ toȱ surviveȱasȱaȱpeople.ȱInȱcontrast,ȱKatieȱTrumpenerȱ(1992)ȱstatesȱthatȱRomaniȱminorities,ȱ theirȱcultures,ȱhistories,ȱandȱmemoriesȱhaveȱpersistentlyȱbeenȱdeniedȱaȱplaceȱinȱmodernȱ Europeȱand,ȱthus,ȱthatȱtheirȱmemorialȱculturesȱtendȱtoȱbeȱdisplaced.ȱSheȱarguesȱthatȱthisȱ displacementȱisȱinherentlyȱrelatedȱtoȱtheȱdenialȱofȱ‘theȱtimeȱofȱtheȱGypsies.’ȱAccordingȱtoȱ her,ȱ theȱ immobilizingȱ ofȱ theirȱ timeȱ andȱ theirȱ relegationȱ toȱ theȱ domainȱ ofȱ preȬmodern,ȱ traditional,ȱandȱ‘historyȬless’ȱculturesȱhaveȱbeenȱamongȱtheȱnecessaryȱconditionsȱofȱposȬ sibilityȱtoȱdevelopȱmodernȱEuropeanȱhistories,ȱcharacterizedȱbyȱtheirȱsupposedȱabilityȱtoȱ beȱproductive,ȱinnovative,ȱandȱprogressiveȱatȱtheȱsameȱtime.ȱTrumpenerȱconsidersȱthisȱ phenomenon,ȱaccordingȱtoȱwhichȱEuropeanȱhistoryȱandȱhistoricityȱcanȱonlyȱbeȱconstructȬ edȱandȱarticulatedȱasȱproductiveȱbyȱreducingȱpeoplesȱsuchȱasȱ‘theȱGypsies’ȱtoȱthoseȱwithȬ outȱhistory,ȱasȱtheȱmainȱcharacteristicȱofȱwhatȱsheȱcallsȱtheȱEuropeanȱmemoryȱproblem.ȱ Fonseca’sȱandȱTrumpener’sȱclaimsȱareȱatȱoddsȱwithȱtheȱrecentȱproliferationȱofȱRomaniȱ memorialȱ practices.ȱ Particularlyȱ sinceȱ theȱ fallȱ ofȱ communism,ȱ weȱ haveȱ seenȱ aȱ rapidȱ increaseȱofȱsuchȱpracticesȱthroughoutȱEurope,ȱasȱwellȱasȱtheȱincreasedȱRomaniȱinvolveȬ mentȱ inȱ developingȱ artisticȱ andȱ intellectualȱ movements,ȱ includingȱ theȱ formationȱ ofȱ 1ȱ Inȱ Romanes,ȱ ‘maȱ bisteren’ȱ meansȱ ‘let’sȱ notȱ forget!’ȱ Maȱ Bisteren!ȱ wasȱ alsoȱ theȱ nameȱ ofȱ aȱ Slovakȱ projectȱ whichȱaimedȱtoȱremindȱtheȱpublicȱofȱtheȱsufferingȱofȱtheȱRomaȱduringȱtheȱSecondȱWorldȱWar.ȱInȱ2005Ȭ06,ȱ theȱRomaniȱNGOȱInȱMinoritaȱandȱtheȱSlovakȱNationalȱ Museumȱ organizedȱthisȱprojectȱ(interviewȱ2005p;ȱ RNLȱ2005;ȱHušovaȱ2006).ȱ 272ȱȱȱȱȱȱCHAPTERȱEIGHTȱ historiographies.2ȱ Particularlyȱ regardingȱ Holocaustȱ remembrance,ȱ Romaniȱ memorialȱ practicesȱ haveȱ increased.ȱ Romaȱ haveȱ developedȱ newȱ memorialsȱ atȱ variousȱ sitesȱ ofȱ memoriesȱ thatȱ areȱ relatedȱ toȱ theirȱ warȱ histories.ȱ Sinceȱ theȱ midȱ 1980s,ȱ suchȱ memorialsȱ haveȱ beenȱ builtȱ atȱ theȱ sitesȱ ofȱ formerȱ Naziȱ concentrationȱ campsȱ inȱ butȱ alsoȱ outsideȱ Germany,ȱinȱcountriesȱsuchȱasȱAustria,ȱtheȱCzechȱRepublic,ȱHungary,ȱtheȱNetherlands,ȱ Poland,ȱandȱSlovakia.ȱInȱsomeȱtowns,ȱsuchȱasȱinȱTarnówȱinȱPolandȱandȱinȱBrnoȱinȱtheȱ Czechȱ Republic,ȱ Romaniȱ museumsȱ haveȱ beenȱ established,ȱ atȱ whichȱ newȱ memorialȱ practicesȱ andȱ historiographiesȱ haveȱ alsoȱ beenȱ developed.3ȱ Elsewhere,ȱ suchȱ asȱ inȱ theȱ AuschwitzȱmuseumȱinȱPolandȱandȱtheȱnewȱHolocaustȱmuseumȱinȱBudapest,ȱRomaȱhaveȱ developedȱexhibitionsȱinȱwhichȱtheyȱaddressȱtheȱNaziȱgenocideȱofȱSintiȱandȱRoma.4ȱ Inȱ thisȱ chapter,ȱ Iȱ willȱ engageȱ inȱ debatesȱ aboutȱ theȱ roleȱ ofȱ Romaniȱ historiesȱ andȱ memoriesȱ inȱ contemporaryȱ Europe.ȱ Howȱ areȱ weȱ toȱ assessȱ theȱ currentȱ proliferationȱ ofȱ RomaniȱmemorialȱpracticesȱvisȬàȬvisȱclaims,ȱsuchȱasȱthoseȱofȱFonsecaȱandȱTrumpener?ȱInȱ theȱfirstȱpartȱofȱthisȱchapter,ȱIȱwillȱargueȱthatȱweȱcanȱmaintainȱneitherȱtheȱthesisȱthatȱtheȱ Romaȱcollectivelyȱneglectȱtheirȱpastȱinȱorderȱtoȱsurvive,ȱnorȱtheȱthesisȱthatȱRomaniȱhisȬ toriesȱandȱmemoriesȱareȱpersistentlyȱdeniedȱaȱplaceȱinȱEuropeanȱsocietiesȱandȱcultures.ȱ Diverseȱ Romaniȱ groupsȱ areȱ mobilizingȱ memoryȱ asȱ aȱ strategyȱ toȱ inscribeȱ Romaniȱ hisȬ toriesȱinȱtheȱEuropeanȱmemorialȱlandscapesȱandȱtoȱclaimȱaȱplaceȱinȱnationalȱandȱEuroȬ peanȱhistoriesȱandȱmemories.ȱ Inȱ thisȱ chapter’sȱ secondȱ part,ȱ Iȱ willȱ explainȱ whyȱ weȱ canȱ neverthelessȱ maintainȱ Trumpener’sȱ ideaȱ thatȱ we,ȱ inȱ contemporaryȱ Europe,ȱ areȱ facingȱ aȱ Europeanȱ memoryȱ problem.ȱYet,ȱthisȱproblemȱisȱnoȱlongerȱtheȱoneȱthatȱsheȱaddressed.ȱToȱshowȱhowȱthisȱ problemȱ hasȱ transformed,ȱ Iȱ willȱ reflectȱ onȱ how,ȱ inȱ EUȱculturalȱ policy,ȱ weȱ haveȱ seenȱ aȱ tendencyȱ toȱ whatȱ Iȱ callȱ theȱ governmentalizationȱ ofȱ Holocaustȱ remembrance.ȱ Thisȱ governmentalizationȱhasȱengenderedȱnovelȱnarrativesȱofȱEuropeanȱbelongingȱthatȱtendȱ toȱinclude,ȱratherȱthanȱexclude,ȱtheȱhistoriesȱandȱmemoriesȱofȱminorityȱgroupsȱsuchȱasȱ theȱRomani.ȱAtȱtheȱsameȱtime,ȱhowever,ȱtheȱtrendȱtoȱgovernmentalizeȱHolocaustȱrememȬ branceȱalsoȱrisksȱtoȱturnȱitȱintoȱaȱquestionableȱHolocaustȱpedagogy.ȱ Thisȱ chapterȱ proceedsȱ asȱ follows.ȱ First,ȱ Iȱ willȱ discussȱ theȱ wayȱ inȱ whichȱ Trumpenerȱ introducedȱtheȱnotionȱofȱ aȱ Europeanȱmemoryȱ problemȱinȱ theȱearlyȱ 1990s.ȱ Afterȱ that,ȱ Iȱ willȱconfrontȱtheȱwayȱinȱwhichȱsheȱconceivedȱthisȱproblemȱwithȱmyȱfirstȱcaseȱstudy,ȱinȱ whichȱ Iȱ discussȱ theȱ heated,ȱ stillȱ ongoingȱ debateȱ aboutȱ twoȱ formerȱ Naziȱ concentrationȱ campsȱ forȱ theȱ Romaȱ inȱ theȱ Czechȱ Republic.ȱ Iȱ willȱ showȱ that,ȱ evenȱ thoughȱ Romaniȱ memoryȱ tendsȱ toȱ beȱ displacedȱ inȱ theseȱ cases,ȱ theȱ involvedȱ Romaniȱ activistsȱ andȱ theirȱ advocatesȱ haveȱ developedȱ strategiesȱ toȱ politicizeȱ theseȱ exclusionȱ practicesȱ andȱ renderȱ themȱ public.ȱ Iȱ willȱ explainȱ howȱ theseȱ strategiesȱ relateȱ toȱ travelingȱ activismȱ atȱ theȱ Europeanȱ levelȱ andȱ toȱ theȱ currentȱ trendȱ toȱ governmentalizeȱ Holocaustȱ remembrance.ȱ TheȱtrendȱtoȱgovernmentalizeȱHolocaustȱremembranceȱatȱtheȱEUȱlevelȱforȱaims,ȱsuchȱasȱ socialȱ inclusion,ȱ citizenȱ participation,ȱ humanȱ rightsȱ education,ȱ andȱ Europeanȱ identityȱ formationȱ hasȱ alsoȱ changedȱ theȱ placeȱ ofȱ Romaniȱ memoriesȱ inȱ theȱ newȱ narrativesȱ onȱ 2ȱSee,ȱforȱinstance,ȱKapralskiȱ(1997;ȱ2004;ȱ2008;ȱ2011),ȱLemonȱ(2000),ȱKenrickȱ(2006),ȱZimmermannȱ(2007a),ȱ FischerȱvonȱWeikersthalȱetȱalȱ(2008),ȱandȱVermeerschȱ(2008).ȱSeeȱalsoȱseveralȱofȱmyȱownȱcontributionsȱtoȱ thisȱdebateȱ(vanȱBaarȱ2005a;ȱ2008b;ȱ2010b;ȱ2010c;ȱ2010d;ȱ2011a).ȱ 3ȱSeeȱLázni²kováȱ(1999),ȱBartoszȱ(2003).ȱSeeȱalsoȱsomeȱofȱmyȱinterviewsȱ(2002a;ȱ2003c;ȱ2003b;ȱ2003f;ȱ2008b).ȱ 4ȱSeeȱRȱRoseȱ(2003;ȱseeȱalsoȱmyȱinterviewsȱ2003d;ȱ2004a;ȱ2006c).ȱ THEȱEUROPEANȱMEMORYȱPROBLEMȱREVISITEDȱȱȱȱȱȱ273ȱ Europe’sȱpastȱinstigatedȱbyȱtheȱEU.ȱInȱmyȱsecondȱcaseȱstudy,ȱinȱwhichȱIȱfocusȱonȱRomaniȱ memoryȱstrategiesȱthatȱhaveȱbeenȱdevelopedȱinȱpostwarȱGermany,ȱIȱwillȱfurtherȱexamineȱ whatȱ novelȱ Holocaustȱ discoursesȱ tendȱ toȱ makeȱ possibleȱ inȱ termsȱ ofȱ Romaniȱ memory.ȱ Yet,ȱIȱalsoȱexplainȱthatȱtheȱEuropeanȱmemoryȱproblemȱrisksȱreappearingȱinȱtheȱformȱofȱaȱ Holocaustȱ pedagogyȱ thatȱ doesȱ notȱ sufficientlyȱ reflectȱ onȱ howȱ Europe’sȱ darkȱ pastȱ stillȱ affectsȱ theȱ EU’sȱ currentȱ functioning.ȱ Inȱ theȱ concludingȱ section,ȱ Iȱ showȱ howȱ Romaniȱ memorialȱstrategiesȱcontestȱthisȱEUȱpoliticsȱofȱ‘reȬmembering.’ȱ ȱ ȱ TEMPORALITYȱANDȱTHEȱEUROPEANȱMEMORYȱPROBLEMȱ ȱ Inȱhisȱreflectionȱuponȱtheȱincreasedȱattentionȱpaidȱtoȱmemoryȱandȱitsȱvariousȱinstancesȱ sinceȱtheȱ1980s,ȱtheȱAmericanȱscholarȱAndreasȱHuyssenȱsuggestsȱthatȱtheȱrecentȱ‘obsesȬ sion’ȱwithȱmemoryȱcouldȱbeȱconsideredȱasȱ“aȱsignȱofȱtheȱcrisisȱofȱthatȱstructureȱofȱtempoȬ ralityȱ thatȱ markedȱ theȱ ageȱ ofȱ modernityȱ withȱ itsȱ celebrationȱ ofȱ theȱ newȱ asȱ utopian,ȱ asȱ radicallyȱandȱirreduciblyȱother”ȱ(Huyssenȱ1995:ȱ6,ȱmyȱitalics).ȱInȱtheȱlightȱofȱthisȱcrisisȱweȱ haveȱ alsoȱ beenȱ ableȱ toȱ observeȱ aȱ shiftȱ inȱ scholarlyȱ analysesȱ ofȱ howȱ theȱ pastȱ hasȱ beenȱ articulatedȱinȱtheȱpresent.ȱThisȱshiftȱcouldȱbeȱdescribedȱasȱoneȱfromȱhistoryȱtoȱmemory.ȱ Accordingȱtoȱ Huyssen,ȱ thisȱ changeȱ representsȱ “aȱ welcomeȱ critiqueȱofȱ compromisedȱ teleoȬ logicalȱnotionsȱofȱhistoryȱratherȱthanȱbeingȱsimplyȱantiȬhistorical,ȱrelativistic,ȱorȱsubjective”ȱ (ibid,ȱmyȱitalics).ȱThisȱchangeȱgoesȱtogetherȱwithȱacknowledgingȱtheȱcrucialȱimportanceȱ ofȱtheȱarticulationȱofȱmemoryȱinȱconjunctionȱwithȱotherȱwaysȱinȱwhichȱweȱcanȱarticulateȱ theȱ pastȱ inȱ theȱ present.ȱ Huyssen’sȱ
Load more

Recommended publications
  • List of Participants
    JUNE 26–30, Prague • Andrzej Kremer, Delegation of Poland, Poland List of Participants • Andrzej Relidzynski, Delegation of Poland, Poland • Angeles Gutiérrez, Delegation of Spain, Spain • Aba Dunner, Conference of European Rabbis, • Angelika Enderlein, Bundesamt für zentrale United Kingdom Dienste und offene Vermögensfragen, Germany • Abraham Biderman, Delegation of USA, USA • Anghel Daniel, Delegation of Romania, Romania • Adam Brown, Kaldi Foundation, USA • Ann Lewis, Delegation of USA, USA • Adrianus Van den Berg, Delegation of • Anna Janištinová, Czech Republic the Netherlands, The Netherlands • Anna Lehmann, Commission for Looted Art in • Agnes Peresztegi, Commission for Art Recovery, Europe, Germany Hungary • Anna Rubin, Delegation of USA, USA • Aharon Mor, Delegation of Israel, Israel • Anne Georgeon-Liskenne, Direction des • Achilleas Antoniades, Delegation of Cyprus, Cyprus Archives du ministère des Affaires étrangères et • Aino Lepik von Wirén, Delegation of Estonia, européennes, France Estonia • Anne Rees, Delegation of United Kingdom, United • Alain Goldschläger, Delegation of Canada, Canada Kingdom • Alberto Senderey, American Jewish Joint • Anne Webber, Commission for Looted Art in Europe, Distribution Committee, Argentina United Kingdom • Aleksandar Heina, Delegation of Croatia, Croatia • Anne-Marie Revcolevschi, Delegation of France, • Aleksandar Necak, Federation of Jewish France Communities in Serbia, Serbia • Arda Scholte, Delegation of the Netherlands, The • Aleksandar Pejovic, Delegation of Monetenegro, Netherlands
    [Show full text]
  • 'Race' and Diaspora: Romani Music Making in Ostrava, Czech Republic
    Music, ‘Race’ and Diaspora: Romani Music Making in Ostrava, Czech Republic Melissa Wynne Elliott 2005 School of Oriental and African Studies University of London PhD ProQuest Number: 10731268 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a com plete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest ProQuest 10731268 Published by ProQuest LLC(2017). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States C ode Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106- 1346 Abstract This thesis is a contribution towards an historically informed understanding of contemporary music making amongst Roma in Ostrava, Czech Republic. It also challenges, from a theoretical perspective, conceptions of relationships between music and discourses of ‘race’. My research is based on fieldwork conducted in Ostrava, between August 2003 and July 2004 and East Slovakia in July 2004, as well as archival research in Ostrava and Vienna. These fieldwork experiences compelled me to explore music and ideas of ‘race’ through discourses of diaspora in order to assist in conceptualising and interpreting Romani music making in Ostrava. The vast majority of Roma in Ostrava are post-World War II emigres or descendants of emigres from East Slovakia. In contemporary Ostrava, most Roma live on the socio­ economic margins and are most often regarded as a separate ‘race’ with a separate culture from the dominant population.
    [Show full text]
  • Is “Auschwitz Only Sleeping”? Sinti and Roma Narratives After the Holocaust
    International Conference IS “AUSCHWITZ ONLY SLEEPING”? SINTI AND ROMA NARRATIVES AFTER THE HOLOCAUST On the occasion of the 75th anniversary of 2 August 1944 European Roma Holocaust Memorial Day 31st of July – 1st of August 2019 “I’m afraid that Europe is forgetting its past and that Auschwitz is only sleeping. Antigypsyist threats, policies and actions worry me greatly and make me very sad.” Ceija Stojka, Roma Holocaust survivor (1933 - 2013) International Conference IS “AUSCHWITZ ONLY SLEEPING”? SINTI AND ROMA NARRATIVES AFTER THE HOLOCAUST On August 2, 2019, the 75th anniversary of the murder of the remaining Sinti and Roma in the so called “gypsy family camp” will be commemorated at the former German concentration and extermination camp Auschwitz-Birkenau. This day was officially declared by the European Parliament in 2015 as the "European Roma Holocaust Memorial Day" commemorating 500,000 Sinti and Roma murdered in Nazi-occupied Europe. Main organizers of the conference: Central Council of German Sinti and Roma, Documentation and Cultural Centre of German Sinti and Roma, European Roma Institute for Arts and Culture (ERIAC) and ternYpe International Roma Youth Network Main issues of the conference 1. Representation of Roma memory in arts and culture This panel addresses key questions of the representation of the Roma memory in arts and culture. The arts are a powerful vehicle that can communicate passionately the subjective Roma experiences of the past. In particular, the Holocaust is a common reference point of inspiration and a relevant theme in Roma cultural productions. The arts can also serve as a premise to deal with individual and collective trauma of the past.
    [Show full text]
  • Paradise Lost (4.65 Mb Pdf File)
    Edited by Tímea Junghaus and Katalin Székely THE FIRST ROMA PAVILION LA BIENNALE DI VENEZIA 2007 Table of Contents Acknowledgements 12 Foreword 13 Paradise Lost – The First Roma Pavilion by Tímea Junghaus 16 Statements 24 Second Site by Thomas Acton 30 Towards Europe’s First Nation by Michael M. Thoss 34 The Roma Pavilion in Venice – A Bold Beginning by Gottfried Wagner 36 Artists, Statements, Works Daniel BAKER 40 Tibor BALOGH 62 Mihaela CIMPEANU 66 Gabi JIMÉNEZ 72 András KÁLLAI 84 Damian LE BAS 88 Delaine LE BAS 100 Kiba LUMBERG 120 OMARA 136 Marian PETRE 144 Nihad Nino PUSˇIJA 148 Jenô André RAATZSCH 152 Dusan RISTIC 156 István SZENTANDRÁSSY 160 Norbert SZIRMAI - János RÉVÉSZ 166 Bibliography 170 Acknowledgements Foreword With this publication, the Open Society Institute, Allianz Kulturstiftung and the European Cultural Foundation announce The Open Society Institute, the Allianz Kulturstiftung and the European Cultural Foundation are pleased to sponsor the the First Roma Pavilion at the 52nd Venice Biennale, which presents a selection of contemporary Roma artists from eight First Roma Pavilion at the 52nd Venice Biennale. With artists representing eight countries, this is the first truly European European countries. pavilion in the Biennale's history, located in an exceptional space – Palazzo Pisani Santa Marina, a typical 16th-century Venetian palace in the city’s Canareggio district. This catalogue is the result of an initiative undertaken by the Open Society Institute’s Arts and Culture Network Program to find untapped talent and identify Roma artists who are generally unknown to the European art scene. During our A Roma Pavilion alongside the Biennale's national pavilions is a significant step toward giving contemporary Roma research, we contacted organisations, institutions and individuals who had already worked to create fair representations culture the audience it deserves.
    [Show full text]
  • Youth in Action and the Roma Community
    01ROMA AS A PRIORITY FOR THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION. 02 ROMA COMMUNITIES history, language, statistics, maps 03YOUTH IN ACTION PROGRAMME POSSIBILITIES . good practices 04 INTERCULTURAL COMPETENCE ideas for working with This booklet has been written to showcase some Roma young people of the work that has been done within the Youth in Action programme with and for Roma communities in Europe. It is aimed at youth leaders and promoters of the programme WORKING TOGETHER to raise awareness of the possibilities through non-formal 05 education for greater inclusion of this important minority. examples and ideas Inside you will find information on the structures and frameworks working with Roma, explanations of how the European Youth in Action programme works and some RESOURCES AND LINKS examples of youth projects to give you inspiration. We 06 hope you find it useful, and that it might lead you to a other movements higher awareness or closer cooperation. and actors in the field. Roma as a priority In 2009, the situation of European Roma communities continues to be critical. Roma remain one of the most disadvantaged minority groups in Europe. The highest rates of unemployment and the lowest levels of education, widespread poverty and social exclusion characterise the large part of Roma living in the EU. For the purposes of this publication, the term “Roma” includes people that would define themselves as Roma, Gypsies, Travellers, Manouches, Sinti, as well as other terms. By using the term ‘Roma’, we do not intend in any way to ignore the vast diversity within the many different Romani groups and related communities, nor is it intended to promote stereotypes.
    [Show full text]
  • 9789633863206.Pdf
    Rostas_Sisyphus_CEU_2019.indd 1 15/07/2019 09:34 Rostas_SISYPHUS_06.indd 1 03/07/2019 22:16 Rostas_SISYPHUS_06.indd 2 03/07/2019 22:16 Rostas_SISYPHUS_07.indd 3 04/07/2019 09:41 © 2019 Iulius Rostas Published in 2019 by Central European University Press Nádor utca 11, H-1051 Budapest, Hungary Tel: +36-1-327-3138 or 327-3000 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.ceupress.com All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the permission of the Publisher. ISBN 9789633863190 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Rostas, Iulius, author. Title: A Task for Sisyphus: Why Europe’s Roma Policies Fail / Iulius Rostas. Description: Budapest ; New York : Central European University Press, 2019. | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2019011500 (print) | LCCN 2019980045 (ebook) | ISBN 9789633863190 (hardcover) | ISBN 9789633863206 (pdf) Subjects: LCSH: Romanies—European Union countries—Politics and Government—21st century. | Romanies—European Union countries—Ethnic Identity—Case studies. | Romanies—Cultural assimilation—European Union countries—Case studies. | Romanies—Government policy—European Union countries—Case studies. | Romanies--Czech Republic. | Romanies—Hungary. | Romanies—Romania. | Czech Republic—Ethnic Relations—Political aspects. | Hungary—Ethnic relations—Political aspects. | Romania—Ethnic relations—Political aspects. Classification: LCC DX210 .R67 2019 (print) | LCC DX210 (ebook) | DDC 323.11914/9704—dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2019011500 LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2019980045 Printed in Hungary Rostas_SISYPHUS_06.indd 4 03/07/2019 22:16 CONTENTS PREFACE ................................................................................................................ VII CHAPTER I. .......................................................................................................... 1 Ethnic Identity as a Social Category and as a Process CHAPTER II.
    [Show full text]
  • Meet Your Neighbours
    Meet Your Neighbours Contemporary Roma Art from Europe Meet Your Neighbours Contemporary Roma Art from Europe Arts and Culture Network Program 2006 Acknowledgement This collection of texts and artworks is the result of a mission undertaken by the Open Society Institute’s Arts and Culture Network Program. The primary goal of this initiative was to find untapped talent and identify Roma artists who are generally unknown to the European art scene. During research and collection, we contacted those organizations, institutions and individuals who have already acted in this spirit, and have done their best to attain recognition for Roma art, help the Roma to appear in cultural life and to create their fair representation. This catalogue could not have been created without expert advice and suggestions from the OSI Budapest team. We feel indebted to all those who have generously devoted time to participating in the project, in particular: The artists who allowed us to publish their biography and reproductions of their works. Grace Acton; Prof. Thomas Acton, Professor of Romani Studies, University of Greenwich; Daniel Baker, artist; Rita Bakradze, program assistant, OSI Budapest, Arts and Culture Network Program; Ágnes Daróczi, minority studies expert of the Hungarian Institute of Culture, Budapest; Andrea Csanádi, program Manager, OSI Budapest, Arts and Culture Network Program; Jana Horváthová, Ph.D., Director of the Museum of Romani Culture, Brno; Guy de Malingre; Nihad Nino Pusija, artist, photographer; Mgr. Helena Sadilková, curator of the Museum of Romani Culture, Brno; Gheorghe Sarau, School inspector for Roma in the Direction for Education in Languages of Ethnic Minorities, univ.
    [Show full text]
  • The Limits of Solidarity
    European Roma Rights Center THE LIMITS OF SOLIDARITY Roma in Poland After 1989 Country Report Series, No. 11 September 2002 3 The Limits of Solidarity: Roma in Poland After 1989 Copyright: © European Roma Rights Center, September 2002 All rights reserved. ISBN 963 204 050 3 ISSN 1416-7409 Graphic Design: Createch Ltd./Judit Kovács Printed in Budapest, Hungary. For information on reprint policy, please contact the ERRC 4 Table of Contents TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgments ......................................................................................................6 1. Executive Summary ..............................................................................................7 2. Introduction ........................................................................................................14 3. Roma in Poland: Orbis Exterior ........................................................................22 4. Racially Motivated Attacks on Roma .................................................................43 5. No Protection and No Remedy for Racially Motivated Violence ........................74 5.1. Failure to Investigate and/or Prosecute Racially Motivated Crimes ..............74 5.2. Failure to Recognise Racial Animus in Anti-Romani Attacks .......................85 5.3. Police Blame Roma for the Attacks Against Them .......................................88 5.4. Fear.............................................................................................................89 6. Police Abuse of Roma ........................................................................................91
    [Show full text]
  • Romani Worlds
    ROMANI WORLDS: ACADEMIA, POLICY, AND MODERN MEDIA A selection of articles, reports, and discussions documenting the achievements of the European Academic Network on Romani Studies Edited by Eben Friedman / Victor A. Friedman Romani worlds: Academia, policy, and modern media A selection of articles, reports, and discussions documenting the achievements of the European Academic Network on Romani Studies Edited by Eben Friedman and Victor A. Friedman Cluj-Napoca: Editura Institutului pentru Studierea Problemelor Minorităţilor Naţionale, 2015 ISBN: 978-606-8377-40-7 Design: Marina Dykukha Layout: Sütő Ferenc Photos: László Fosztó, Network Secretary, unless other source is indicated © Council of Europe and the contributors The opinions expressed in this work are the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy of the Council of Europe or the European Commission. 2 CONTENTS CONTENTS INTRODUCTION TO THE VOLUME __________________________________________ 6 Eben Friedman, Victor A. Friedman with Yaron Matras PART ONE: THE STRASBOURG SHOWCASE EVENT ____________________________ 11 Edited by Eben Friedman with Victor A. Friedman Opening statement by Ágnes Dároczi (European Roma and Travellers Forum) _______ 12 Opening statement by Eben Friedman (European Centre for Minority Issues) ________ 18 Opening statement by Margaret Greenfields Buckinghamshire( New University) _____ 24 Europe’s neo-traditional Roma policy: Marginality management and the inflation of expertise ____________________________________________ 29 Yaron Matras The educational and school inclusion of Roma in Cyprus and the SEDRIN partners’ country consortium _______________________________ 48 Loizos Symeou 3 CONTENTS PART TWO: EMAIL DISCUSSIONS _________________________________________ 72 Edited by Eben Friedman and Victor A. Friedman, with Judit Durst Network Discussion 1: Measuring and reporting on Romani populations ___________ 74 Edited by Eben Friedman with Victor A.
    [Show full text]
  • Teaching About and Commemorating the Roma and Sinti Genocide Practices Within the OSCE Area Teaching About and Commemorating the Roma and Sinti Genocide
    Teaching about and Commemorating the Roma and Sinti Genocide Practices within the OSCE Area Teaching about and Commemorating the Roma and Sinti Genocide Practices within the OSCE Area Published by the OSCE Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights (ODIHR) Ul. Miodowa "# ##-$%" Warsaw Poland www.osce.org/odihr © OSCE/ODIHR $#"% All rights reserved. The contents of this publication may be freely used and copied for educational and other non-commercial purposes, provided that any such reproduction is accompanied by an acknowledgement of the OSCE/ ODIHR as the source. ISBN &'(-&$-&$)*-&"#-) The drawings on the cover of this publication are from the autobiography Sofia Z !"#", written by Gunilla Lundgren in co-operation with Sofia Taikon, a Roma genocide survivor whose family was sent to Auschwitz-Birkenau. The draw- ings are by Amanda Eriksson. The book was published by Bokförlaget Tranan in $##% in a bilingual edition, Swedish and Kalderash Romany. The translators to Romany were Zandra Brzezinska and Lars Demetri. In $#"$, Mantra Lingua published an English edition translated by Janna Eliot. In $#"%, this resource is being published by the NGO Folk Er Folk in their efforts to strengthen Roma rights and educate about the genocide. Designed by Homework Printed in Poland by Poligrafus Jacek Adamiak Table of Contents ' - . 56 . :; A country-by-country overview of teaching about the Roma and Sinti genocide $% . ': A country-by-country overview of the commemoration of the Roma and Sinti genocide %) 6= ". ODIHR Contact Point for Roma and Sinti Issues Questionnaire on Roma genocide Education and Commemoration 0& $. Bibliography and website sources provided by OSCE participating States in relation to the availability of teaching materials on the Roma and Sinti genocide '$ ).
    [Show full text]
  • HUMAN Averklub Collective
    MANUŠ MEANS Averklub HUMAN Collective MANUŠ MEANS Averklub HUMAN Collective 2/6 —————————————— 5/9 2021 Celebration of the anniversary of the Great October Socialist Revolution, lantern parade in Komořany, 1970s, courtesy state regional archives litoměřice, photo: unknown 2 3 rganized by a collective addressed the structural causes O of artists, cultural work- of the exclusion of the Roma ers, and activists, Manuš Means people, situating these in the Human opens up a series of wider historical context of the questions about the relationship twentieth century. But while it between art and the material looks to the past, the exhibition conditions of its production is strongly grounded in the and presentation, and about the contemporary moment. Starting ways in which the constitutive from the context of the Chanov narratives and origin stories of housing estate in the city of Most places, peoples, and nations are in the Czech Republic, the exhi- written. Through juxtaposing bition puts the living conditions ethnographic, documentary, and under the “totalitarian” regime of artistic materials, the exhibition the past and the “liberal” regime examines the role of art in creat- of the present into sharp con- ing cultural myths, the relation trast. In this way, a different map of art objects to remembrance of the second half of the twen- and the interpretation of history, tieth century emerges—one that and the scope of a decidedly deconstructs the false narratives non-elitist and activist practice perpetuated by major contempo- within the privileged space of rary media that present capitalist the white-cube exhibition hall. It countries as technologically and explores the ways in which we socially advanced, and socialist can talk about marginalization countries as oppressive and without slipping into stereotyp- joyless places in desperate need ing or exoticization, and how we of catching up.
    [Show full text]
  • Political Representation of Roma
    CENTRAL EUROPEAN UNIVERSITY CENTER FOR POLICY STUDIES OPEN SOCIETY INSTITUTE EVA SOBOTKA Political Representation of the Roma: Roma in Politics in the Czech Republic, Slovakia and Poland 3 2 0 0 2 / 2 0 0 CPS INTERNATI O N A L P O L I C Y FELLOWSHIP PROGRAM EVA SOBOTKA Political Representation of the Roma: Roma in Politics in the Czech Republic, Slovakia and Poland The views in this report are the author's own and do not necessarily reflect those of the Center for Policy Studies, Central European University or the Open Society Institute. We have included the reports in the form they were submitted by the authors. No additional copyediting or typesetting has been done to them. June 30, 2003 Table of Contents Executive Summary I. INTRODUCTION II. GROUP v. INDIVIDUAL RIGHTS: LEGAL STATUS AND ITS MEANING 2.1. Is National Minority Status Enough? 2.2. Adding Meaning 2.3. International Legal Framework 2.4. Lund Recommendations and Venice Commission 2.5. OSCE and the CoE on the Political Representation of the Roma 2.6. Domestic National Minority Provisions III. THE CASE AT HAND: POLITICAL REPRESENTATION OF THE ROMA 4.2 Romani Parties and Candidates in the Electoral Process 4.3 Roma Policy in Political Parties Programs and Electoral Campaigns 4.4 Advisory Bodies on Roma Policy: positives and flaws 4.5 Political Rights in Government Policy Documents 4.6 Romani Voter and Romani Candidate: Political Awareness of the Roma 4.7 Good political representation of the Roma: Some Suggestions IV. DYNAMIC OF DEMOCRATIC CHANGE: POLICY OPTIONS 4.2 Voluntary Instruments 4.2.2 Information Dissemination 4.2.3 Intra and Inter-Ethnic Competition 4.3 Mixed Instruments 4.3.2 Electoral System Design 4.3.3 Pre-Electoral Internal Party Nominations 4.3.4 Public Financing of Political Parties 4.3.5 Subsidies 4.3.6 Tax 4.3.
    [Show full text]