An Article Submitted to The B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy Manuscript 1917 Selective Schools and Academic Achievement Damon Clark∗ ∗University of Florida, National Bureau of Economic Research, and Institute for the Study of Labor,
[email protected]fl.edu Copyright c 2009 The Berkeley Electronic Press. All rights reserved. Selective Schools and Academic Achievement∗ Damon Clark Abstract In this paper I consider the impact of attending a selective high school in the UK. Students are assigned to these schools on the basis of a test taken in primary school and, using data on these assignment test scores for a particular district, I exploit this rule to estimate the causal effects of selective schools on test scores, high school course taking and university enrollment. Despite the huge peer advantage enjoyed by selective school students, I show that four years of selective school attendance generates at best small effects on test scores. Selective schools do however have positive effects on course-taking and, more suggestively, university enrollment, evidence suggesting they may have important longer run impacts. KEYWORDS: selective schools, test scores, instrumental variables ∗I thank Liangliang Jiang and Matt Masten for excellent research assistance and Ofer Malamud for help with the university enrollment data. I thank David Card, Ken Chay, Julie Cullen, David Figlio, Jason Fletcher, Caroline Hoxby, Larry Kenny, David Lee, Tom Lemieux, Jens Ludwig and various seminar participants for helpful comments and suggestions. I also thank various former teachers and administrators that talked to me about the schools being studied in this paper, espe- cially Michael Mortimore. Partial funding for this work was provided by the National Academy of Education and the Spencer Foundation.