Recent Progress and Challenges in Fundamental Combustion Research
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Hawkes, Evatt
The Combustion Institute 5001 Baum Boulevard, Suite 644 Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213-1851 USA Ph: (412) 687-1366 Fax: (412) 687-0340 [email protected] CombustionInstitute.org Evatt Hawkes 2020 Candidate Profile: The Combustion Institute Board of Directors Reasons for Nomination I feel privileged to have a career in combustion research. It is such a wonderful topic that is both incredibly important to society and incredibly rich from an academic perspective. I strongly believe that combustion will retain this importance and interest. Nonetheless, the Combustion Institute (CI) faces some challenges going forwards. Foremost is the growing perception that combustion-based energy is in decline, as renewables now offer a credible alternative in some applications. The second is a long- standing need to improve the connections to industry. Finally, while the CI has progressed in encouraging diversity and supporting the career development of early- and mid-career combustion researchers, more can be done. As a member of the Board I would initiate and support efforts to address these challenges, by a combination of improved outreach, engagement, and mechanisms to provide recognition. For instance, in my role on the Board of the Australia and New Zealand section, I led submissions from the section advising the Australian government, enhanced membership by reaching out to fire and hypersonic combustion communities, served on the section’s committee to identify and nominate CI Fellows, initiated in collaboration with the chair the establishment of an early- career prize for members of our section. See the next page for the candidate’s curriculum vitae. ©2020 The Combustion Institute Evatt R. -
Cool-Flame Combustion Studies of Some
COOL-FLAME COMBUSTION STUDIES OF SOME HYDROCARBONS BY GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By GEORGE KYRYACOS, B.S., M.S. •vKHHH;- The Ohio State University 1956 Approved by: Adviser Department of Chemistry ACKNOWLEDGMENT The author is indebted to Professor Cecil E. Boord whose enthusiasm and faith in him made the progress herein reported possible. His eternal gratitude goes to his wife, LaVerne, who has stood by him with encouragement and who has sacrificed much. This investigation was made financially possible by the Firestone Tire and Rubber Company Fellowship for which the author is deeply grateful. ii TABLE OP CONTENTS Page LIST OP TABLES............ iv LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS..... v CHAPTER I...............INTRODUCTION.......... 1 CHAPTER II. LITERATURE SURVEY ....... 3 Gas Chromatography . 3 The Cool F l a m e . 10 Mechanism of Oxidation . 15 CHAPTER III.............EXPERIMENTAL.......... 25 Gas Chromatographic Apparatus . 25 The Cool-Flame Apparatus. 35 Sampling Procedure.......... 39 The Cool Flame . J4.I Blending Studies . i+7 Hydrocarbon Cool-Flame Temperature Profiles . Lj.9 Cool Flame to Explosion .... 62 CHAPTER IV. ANALYSIS OF THE COOL-FLAME COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF SOME HYDROCARBONS BY GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY 6^ n-Pentane. 6I4. n - H e x a n e . 71 2-Methylpentane ............... 77 3-Methylpentane ............... 82 2,2-Dimethylbutane 87 n-Heptane. 93 Discussion of the Results . 99 CHAPTER V.................SUMMARY.............118 CHAPTER VI. SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER RESEARCH. 120 BIBLIOGRAPHY .................................. 123 iii LIST OP TABLES TABLE Page 1. ANALYSIS OP STOICHIOMETRIC MIXTURE OP n-PENTANE-AIR BEFORE AND AFTER COOL FLAME .. -
Oxidation of Fuels in the Cool Flame Regime for Combustion and Reforming for Fuel Cells
BNL-69349 Informal Report Oxidation of Fuels in the Cool Flame Regime for Combustion and Reforming for Fuel Cells Manuscript submitted to: Progress in Energy and Combustion Science A. Naidja, C.R. Krishna, T. Butcher and D. Mahajan August 2002 Energy Sciences and Technology Department Energy Resources Division Brookhaven National Laboratory Brookhaven Science Associates Upton, New York 11973-5000 Under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the United States Department of Energy DISCLAlMER This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereox nor any employees, nor any of their contractors, subcontractors or their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibilityfor the accuracy, completeness, or any third party's use or the results of such use of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents tliat its use would not infringeprivately owned rights. Reference. herein to any speciJic commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or.otherwise, does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof or its contractors or subcontractors. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect ~ those of the United States Government or any agency thereoJ: Available electronically at- http://www.doe.gov/bridge Available to US. Department of Energy and its contractors in paper from- US.Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information P.O.Box 62 Oak Ridge, TN 3783 1 (423) 576-8401 Available to' the public from- US. -
12Th U.S. National Combustion Meeting, Texas A&M University
12th U.S. National Combustion Meeting, Texas A&M University, Virtual Monday, 24 May 2021 Plenary Room 08:50 – 09:00 Welcome and Opening Comments Anthony J. Marchese, Chair, Joint U.S. Sections of the Combustion Institute Board Al Ratner, Program Chair, 12th U.S. National Combustion Meeting Eric L. Petersen, Local Host, 12th U.S. National Combustion Meeting Break 9:00 – 9:10 Room # A B C D E F G H Reacting Kinetics Fire Research I.C. Engines Turbulent Particulates and Bio Laminar Flames Droplets & Spray Session Chair: Session Chair: Session Chair: Combustion Multiphase Flows Session Chair: Session Chair: Session Chair: Session Chair: Session Chair: 09:10 – 09:30 1A01: An 1B01: Analysis 1C01: 1D01: Closure 1E01: An in situ 1F01: The role of 1G01: Planar 1H01: Ignition experimental of effectiveness Implementation modeling for the adaptive pyrolysis and flame initiation probability of kinetics study of of suppression of of a full oxides conditional tabulation based gasification in a and propagation fuels and oils isopropanol lithium ion of nitrogen momentum approach to carbon negative with variable undergoing hot- pyrolysis and battery fires with formation equation in multi-component economy reaction progress surface ignition oxidation behind a clean agent mechanism in a turbulent transcritical flow R.C. Brown G. Xiao, H. Ge, D.S. Teitge, reflected shock A.O. Said, zero-dimensional premixed jet simulation P. Zhao J.C. Thomas, S.I. Stoliarov model of a H. Zhang, S. Yang E.L. Petersen waves flames at low S.P. Cooper, natural gas and high C.M. Grégoire, fueled engine Karlovitz O. -
Fundamental Studies of Solid-Fuel Combustion Using a Two-Stage Flat-Flame Burner
Washington University in St. Louis Washington University Open Scholarship Engineering and Applied Science Theses & Dissertations McKelvey School of Engineering Spring 5-15-2018 Fundamental studies of solid-fuel combustion using a two-stage flat-flame burner Adewale Ayodeji Adeosun Washington University in St. Louis Follow this and additional works at: https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/eng_etds Part of the Chemical Engineering Commons, and the Environmental Engineering Commons Recommended Citation Adeosun, Adewale Ayodeji, "Fundamental studies of solid-fuel combustion using a two-stage flat-flame burner" (2018). Engineering and Applied Science Theses & Dissertations. 323. https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/eng_etds/323 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the McKelvey School of Engineering at Washington University Open Scholarship. It has been accepted for inclusion in Engineering and Applied Science Theses & Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Washington University Open Scholarship. For more information, please contact [email protected]. WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY IN ST. LOUIS School of Engineering & Applied Science Department of Energy, Environmental, and Chemical Engineering Dissertation Examination Committee: Richard L. Axelbaum, Chair Ramesh Agarwal Pratim Biswas Rajan Chakrabarty Benjamin M. Kumfer Patricia Weisensee Fundamental studies of solid-fuel combustion using a two-stage flat-flame burner By Adewale Ayodeji Adeosun A dissertation presented to The Graduate School of Washington University -
Experimental and Modeling Study of the Autoignition of 1-Hexene/Iso-Octane Mixtures at Low Temperatures
Experimental and modeling study of the autoignition of 1-hexene/iso-octane mixtures at low temperatures. Guillaume Vanhove, Rodolphe Minetti, Sylvain Touchard, René Fournet, Pierre-Alexandre Glaude, Frédérique Battin-Leclerc To cite this version: Guillaume Vanhove, Rodolphe Minetti, Sylvain Touchard, René Fournet, Pierre-Alexandre Glaude, et al.. Experimental and modeling study of the autoignition of 1-hexene/iso-octane mixtures at low temperatures.. Combustion and Flame, Elsevier, 2006, 145, pp.272-281. 10.1016/j.combustflame.2005.10.007. hal-00017949 HAL Id: hal-00017949 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00017949 Submitted on 28 Mar 2006 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. EXPERIMENTAL AND MODELING STUDY OF THE AUTOIGNITION OF 1-HEXENE / ISO-OCTANE MIXTURES AT LOW TEMPERATURE G. VANHOVE1, R. MINETTI1 S. TOUCHARD2, R. FOURNET2, P.A. GLAUDE2, F. BATTIN-LECLERC2* 1 Physico-Chimie des processus de Combustion et de l’Atmosphère (PC2A), UMR n°8522 CNRS, Université des Sciences et Technologies de Lille, Bâtiment C11 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq -
2018 Journal Citation Reports Journals in the 2018 Release of JCR 2 Journals in the 2018 Release of JCR
2018 Journal Citation Reports Journals in the 2018 release of JCR 2 Journals in the 2018 release of JCR Abbreviated Title Full Title Country/Region SCIE SSCI 2D MATER 2D MATERIALS England ✓ 3 BIOTECH 3 BIOTECH Germany ✓ 3D PRINT ADDIT MANUF 3D PRINTING AND ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING United States ✓ 4OR-A QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF 4OR-Q J OPER RES OPERATIONS RESEARCH Germany ✓ AAPG BULL AAPG BULLETIN United States ✓ AAPS J AAPS JOURNAL United States ✓ AAPS PHARMSCITECH AAPS PHARMSCITECH United States ✓ AATCC J RES AATCC JOURNAL OF RESEARCH United States ✓ AATCC REV AATCC REVIEW United States ✓ ABACUS-A JOURNAL OF ACCOUNTING ABACUS FINANCE AND BUSINESS STUDIES Australia ✓ ABDOM IMAGING ABDOMINAL IMAGING United States ✓ ABDOM RADIOL ABDOMINAL RADIOLOGY United States ✓ ABHANDLUNGEN AUS DEM MATHEMATISCHEN ABH MATH SEM HAMBURG SEMINAR DER UNIVERSITAT HAMBURG Germany ✓ ACADEMIA-REVISTA LATINOAMERICANA ACAD-REV LATINOAM AD DE ADMINISTRACION Colombia ✓ ACAD EMERG MED ACADEMIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE United States ✓ ACAD MED ACADEMIC MEDICINE United States ✓ ACAD PEDIATR ACADEMIC PEDIATRICS United States ✓ ACAD PSYCHIATR ACADEMIC PSYCHIATRY United States ✓ ACAD RADIOL ACADEMIC RADIOLOGY United States ✓ ACAD MANAG ANN ACADEMY OF MANAGEMENT ANNALS United States ✓ ACAD MANAGE J ACADEMY OF MANAGEMENT JOURNAL United States ✓ ACAD MANAG LEARN EDU ACADEMY OF MANAGEMENT LEARNING & EDUCATION United States ✓ ACAD MANAGE PERSPECT ACADEMY OF MANAGEMENT PERSPECTIVES United States ✓ ACAD MANAGE REV ACADEMY OF MANAGEMENT REVIEW United States ✓ ACAROLOGIA ACAROLOGIA France ✓ -
Henry Curran 2020 Candidate Profile: the Combustion Institute Board of Directors
The Combustion Institute 5001 Baum Boulevard, Suite 644 Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213-1851 USA Ph: (412) 687-1366 Fax: (412) 687-0340 [email protected] CombustionInstitute.org Henry Curran 2020 Candidate Profile: The Combustion Institute Board of Directors Reasons for Nomination My principal expertise lies in the generation of detailed chemical kinetic models to describe fuel pyrolysis and oxidation; I am Priority Research Area Leader for Energy and Director of the Combustion Chemistry Centre at NUI Galway. I have been a member of the Combustion Institute since 1992 and I have served on the editorial boards of Combustion and Flame (2009– 2014), the Proceedings of the Combustion Institute (2008–2018), Progress in Energy and Combustion Science (2015–present) and Combustion Theory and Modeling (2019-present). I have also served as a member of the Silver Medal Selection Committee and as a member and vice-Chair of the Fellow of the Combustion Institute Selection Committee. I was a Member of the Organizing Committee of the 37th International Symposium on Combustion in Dublin in 2018. I served on the Gold Medal Nomination Committee in 2016. I have acted as the Colloquium Chair for Chemical Kinetics at the 35th International Symposium and as a member of the committee at the 32nd Symposium. I know many of the current member of the board, and I intend to contribute effectively to issues of importance to us all, particularly in promoting more sustainable combustion options. I welcome the opportunity to participate in steering the direction of the Combustion Institute in the coming five years. See the next page for the candidate’s curriculum vitae. -
Cool-Flame Extinction During N-Alkane Droplet Combustion in Microgravity
Spring Technical Meeting of the Central States Section of the Combustion Institute March 16-18, 2014 Cool-flame extinction during n-alkane droplet combustion in microgravity V. Nayagam1, D. Dietrich2, M. C. Hicks2 and F. A. Williams3 1Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Case western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 2NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio 3Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, UCSD, La Jolla, CA Abstract Recent droplet combustion experiments onboard the International Space Station (ISS) have revealed that large n-alkane droplets can continue to burn quasi-steadily following radiative extinction in a low-temperature regime, characterized by negative-temperature- coefficient (NTC) chemistry. In this study we report experimental observations of n-heptane, n-octane, and n-decane droplets of varying initial sizes burning in oxygen/nitrogen/carbon dioxide and oxygen/helium/nitrogen environments at 1.0, 0.7, and 0.5 atmospheric pres- sures. The oxygen concentration in these tests varied in the range of 14% to 25% by volume. Large n-alkane droplets exhibited quasi-steady low-temperature burning and extinction fol- lowing radiative extinction of the visible flame while smaller droplets burned to completion or disruptively extinguished. A vapor-cloud formed in most cases slightly prior to or fol- lowing the “cool flame” extinction. Results for droplet burning rates in both the hot-flame and cool-flame regimes as well as droplet extinction diameters at the end of each stage are presented. Time histories of radiant emission from the droplet captured using broadband radiometers are also presented. Remarkably the “cool flame” extinction diameters for all the three n-alkanes follow a trend reminiscent of the ignition delay times observed in pre- vious studies. -
Aspects of Cool-Flame Supported Droplet Combustion in Microgravity
Aspects of Cool-Flame Supported Droplet Combustion in Microgravity Vedha Nayagam Case Western Reserve University Daniel L. Dietrich NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, OH44135 Forman A. Williams University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 31st Annual Meeting of the American Society for Gravitational and Space Research 11-14th November 2015 Alexandria, VA U.S.A Cool Flames o Accidentally discovered by Sir Humphry Davy in 1810 o Historically cool flames are associated with premixed combustion leading to ignition of fuel/air mixtures. (commonly encountered in car-engine knock) o More recently diffusion-controlled, quasi-steady cool flames supporting droplet combustion were discovered the FLEX team o Cool-flame low-T chemistry is of importance in new engine designs, fuel reforming, etc. o Important implications with regard to space craft fire safety Flame Extinguishment Experiments: FLEX o Droplet combustion experiments being conducted onboard the International Space Station FLEX Cool Flame – Pure Fuels FLEX-377: N-Decane burning in O2/N2 environment D0 = 4.05 mm Visible flame extinction Fuel – n-decane Oxygen – 25% Nitrogen – 75% Pressure – 0.5 atm hot flame evaporation narrow-band radiation cool flame wide-band radiation FLEX Cool Flame – Binary Droplet Arrays o N-decane droplets burning in 17-83% O2-N2 ambient at 1 atm o Similar size droplets: Single droplets only hot flame – Binary droplets cool flame FLEX Cool Flame – Fuel Mixtures o Decane/Hexanol droplet compared to pure Decane droplet – 1 atm in air o Alcohol slows the CF -
O Rigin Al a Rticle
International Journal of Mechanical and Production Engineering Research and Development (IJMPERD) ISSN(P): 2249–6890; ISSN(E): 2249–8001 Vol. 9, Issue 6, Dec 2019, 1119–1128 © TJPRC Pvt. Ltd. THE EFFECT OF CONFINEMENT SHAPES UPON THE BLOWOFF LIMIT ON TANGENTIAL SWIRL BURNER HAYDAR JANNA 1 & Dr. MOHAMMAD ABDULSADA 2 1Master in Power Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering University of Al-Qadisiyah, Al-Qadisiyah, Iraq 2Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering University of Al-Qadisiyah, Al-Qadisiyah, Iraq ABSTRACT In the nearest future, the fossil fuels will be the major source of energy. Growing consumption of environment- friendly energy renovation indicates that pollutants, like CO and NOx, should decrease. The burning of fossil fuels will produce more than two or three of world production of energy today and will continue over a century. This phenomenon attracts our attention in this paper, which aims to minimize the combustion process unsteadiness. It includes blow off phenomena and develops the shape of tangential swirl burner exhaust. Earlier studies have revealed that swirl number more than one of the swirl burner of swirl is categorized to generate high swirl flow, which is the finest amongst the other kinds of Article Original combustors. As a result, the design, make and utilize of this burner with a swirl number was one of the investigation goals that will be accomplished by the empirical part regardless many experimental hardships. The empirical structure of the study is to display the impact of adding conical confinements shape instead of cylindrical nozzle to the burner on blowoff limit through employing liquefied petroleum gas (LP gas)as an operating fuel and examination this for all combustion modes. -
Parlour Magic
jauia UNITED STATES OF AMEKICA. j"> 0,- 0, REVISED AND IMPROVED. PHILADELPHIA: H. PERKINS, 134 CHESTNUT STREET. MDCCCXXXVIII. 34f 7 Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1838, by Henry Perkins, in the Clerk's office of the District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsyl- vania. Printed by Haswell, Barrington, and Haswell. To furnish the ingenious youth with the means of relieving the tediousness of a long winter's or a wet summer's evening, — to enable him to provide for a party of juvenile friends, instructive as well as re- creative entertainment, without having recourse to any of the vulgar modes of killing time, — to qualify the hero of his little circle to divert and astonish his friends, and, at the same time, to improve himself, are the principal objects of the following little Work. The boy whose wonder and curiosity have been excited by the experiments of the scientific lecturer, VI PREFACE. or the illusions of the ventriloquist, will here find many of these mysteries unveiled, and plain direc- tions for performing them, divested, as far as possi- ble, of scientific or technical language. Many of the descriptions are strictly original, and now, for the first time, appear in print ; and especial care has been taken to introduce only such Experiments as are adapted for performance at the parlour or drawing- room table, or fire-side, and such as are practicable without expensive chemical or mechanical apparatus, and require no implements beyond those which any ingenious youth may readily furnish from his own resources, or at a trifling expense.