February, 1928 Twenty Cents BIRTH CONTROL REVIEW "Fewer But Healthzer Chddren"

MOTHER By LEWIN -FUNCKE HAVELOCK ELLIS NUMBER Margaret Sanger Comes to Berlin By AGNES SMEDLEY THE AMERICAN BIRTH CONTROL LEAGUE, INC Headqmarteu 104 FIFTH AVENUE, NEW YORK ClTY Telephon&elsea 8901-8902 OFFICERS MARGARET SANGER Prondent MRS JULIET BARRETT RUBLEE Vbo-Prrr(dar( MRS F ROBERTSON JONES Actwg Pretdent MRS FRANCES B ACKERYANN Trea~ut~ YRS LEWIS L DELAFIELD Vwo-Prendsnt YR J NOAH H SLEE Arwtad T~OMIH

BOARD OF DIRECTORS

MRS ROBERT HUSE Fzscutioe Secretary CLINICAL RESEARCH DEPARTMENT DR JAMES F COOPER Yedwal Director DR HANNAH Y STONE Chief of Stab NATIONAL COUNCIL CLERQYIEB Rev Ernest Caldleot, N Y Rabbi Sldney E Goldstein. N Y Rev Karl Reiland, N Y Rabbi Rudolph I Coffee, PhD ,W Rev Oscar B Haww, N J Rev Edgar S Wiers, N J Rev Philip Frick, N Y Rabbi Louis Mann, I11 Rev L Griswold William* Pa BCIENTZBTB Dean Thyrsa W Amos, Pa E C Lindeman, Ph D, N Y Walter B Pitkin, PhD ,N Y Leon J Cole. PhD, Wise C C Little, D Sc, Mich Horatio I Pollock, Ph D, N Y Edward M East, B S ,PhD ,Yass Wfliam MeDougall, PhD ,Maas Lothrop Stoddard, PhD ,Yaas J E W Wallin, Ph D ,Ohio Franklin H Giddmes. PhD, N Y James G Needham, PhD ,N Y John B Watson, Ph D ,N Y Samuel J Holmw, 6h.D. C& Wm F Oghurn, PhS, N Y Walter F Willcox, Ph D, N Y Roswell H Johnson, M S ,Pa Raymond Pearl, Ph D ,Yd A B Wolfe, PhD, Ohio

PHYBICZABB Joseph L B~er,IU Amelia R Kellar, Iud H B Brainerd, W S Adolphus Knopf, N Y

James F Cooper, N Y Lawrence------Litehfield.~ Pa John Favlll, Ill Earl Lothrop, N Y ' AHee Hamilton, Mass Ellsabetb Lord Love, N J Frederick C Heckel, N Y Adolph Meyer, Yd Donald R Hooker, Yd OTHER PROREBBIOBALE Alice Stone BLaekweU, Mass Ernest Gruening, N Y EUsabeth Severn, N Y George Blumenthal, N Y Florence Bayard Hllles, DeL Mary Shaw, N Y James E Bmoks, N J Sindair Lewis, N Y Mrs Georglanna Tucker, N J Jwie P Condit, N J Judge Ben Lindaey, Colo Florem Guertin Tuttlc, N Y Herbert Cmly, N Y Owen Lmejoy, N Y Ruth Vin-t, Colo Prs Belle De Revera, N J Robert M Lovett, 1U Mrs Albert Walker, T~M Thendore Dreiser, Calif James Y Yanrer, Pa Mary Wtnsor, Pa LAY IEYBERB Prs Ernest R Adee, N Y Yrs Boyd Dudley, N Y Yrs Sindair Leals, N Y Yrs Oakes Amw, Yass Yrs Simeon Ford, N Y M rs Edward A Lingcnfelter, Iowa Rwmond H Arnold, Calif Yrs Kate Crane Garb Caw Yrs Stanley MeCormleL,N Y Mrs Robert Perkins Baas, N H Yrs Robert B Gregory, Ill Prs WILUam A MeGraw. MLb Yrs Wdter L Benson, I11 Miss Florence Halrey, N J Yrs L Ne-, Utah InJohn E Berrlnd. N Y Yrs H G Hlll,Wf Ym Endhuh, Pa Lowell Brentano, N Y Mrs Fenley Hu~ter,N Y Yrs C C Rumsey, N Y Yrs John Scott Bmwnlng, N Y Mrs William Swain James, W Mrs Homer St Gaudens, N H Yra W E Cannon, Mass Yrs Helen Hartley Jenkb. Conn. Yrs W F Spangler, Ind Mr and Yra Thomas L Cbadboumc, N Y Mrs PlemJay, N Y Yrs T J Swanton,N Y William Hamlin Cbllde, N Y Y rs Otto Kshn, N Y Yra Shelley Tolburst, Mf Mrs Stephen Clark, N Y Yrs W W Knapp,N Y Yrs J Bishop Vandever, N Y Yrs Frank I Cobb, N Y Mra Jamw Lk Laidlaw, N Y Mr8 Henry Vlllard, N Y Yrs John Dey, N J Mra Arthur L L.rrrnCG N Y Yrs Norman deR Whitehonue, N Y Yrs John Allen Dongberty, D C. Mrs Frank P Lea&, N Y Yrs Pope Yeatman, Pa TEN GOOD REASONSforBIRTH CONTROL

Last month we gave Woman's Right as the first and most personal reason for Birth Control The Use of Harmless and Effectwe Mechan~calor Chemlcal Methods of Prevention, called Contraceptives

This month we glve Reuson II-MARRIED LOVE Thrs rs the rtght of two, husband and wtfe, to learn to know each other, to hold and desrre each other's love and to lay the basts of mutual understandtng on whtch to found a home

MARGARET SANGER SAYS - "Men and women have been endowed wrth th~sdynam~c energy, wh~chwe name passlon, for the roundlng out, the development, the fulfillmg and the beaut~ficatmnof theu nature3 Those who deny n expresston, who combat at, or who refuse to partlctpate m it, cut themselves off from the zest and the poetry of hfe "If the brrde 1s enforced Into an uuwrll~ngor acc~dentalpregnancy dur~ngthe honeymoon or the early stages of the11 manta1 love, the young husband 1s deprrved of the poswhle opportunrty of knowmg h~swlfe durlng one of the most lnterestlng stages of her development "It takes tune to arrlve at a full and sympathetic uuderstandmg of each other, and mutually to arrange llves to 1ncrea3c thls under standlng Out of the mutual adjustments, harmony must grow and d~rcordsgradually disappear These results cannot be obtamed ~f the problem of parenthood IS thrust upon the young husband and wrfe before they am splrltually and ecouom~callyprepared to meet ~t"

HAVELOCK ELLIS SAYS - "Sexual pleasure, wlsely used and not abused, may prove the sttmulus and hberator of our finest and most exalted actlvmes It 1s largely thrs remarkable functton of sexual pleasure whlch IS dec~slvemsettlxng the argument of those who clam that contmence 1s the only alternatwe to the anrmal (procreatwe) end of marnage That argument xgnores the hberatmg and harmonmng ~nflucnces,g~v~ng wholesome balance and sanlty to the whole organom, Imparted by a sexual un~onwh~& 1s the outcome of the psych~cas well as phys~calneeds There IS, further In the analnment of thls spmtual end of marrlage much more than the benefit of each znd~v~dualseparately There 1s that 1s to say, the effect on the union ~tself For through barmon~oussex relat~onshrpsa deeper spmtual unlty 1s reached than can posslbly be denved from contlnence In or out of marnage, and the marrlage arooc~at~anbecomes an apter Instrument In the serv~ceof the world Apart from any sexual cravlng, the complete splrrtual contact of two persons aha love ecah other can only be attamed through some act of rare lntrmacy No act can be qwte so lntmate as the sexual embrace It 1s needless to lnslst how ~nt~matelythlr second end of marrlage 1s hound up wlth the practtce of Blrth Control

LORD DAWSON SAYS - T2;y:l; "If you don't start llfe wlth a head of steam you wont get far Sex love has, apart from parenthood, a purport of m own It 13 somethmg to prtze and to chensh for ~tsown sake It IS an essent~alpart of health born chtldren at and happmesr In marnage If sexual unmn IS a grft of God, lt 1s worth learnlng how to use ~t Wlthln ~ts ts essenttal that own sphere rt should be cultivated so as to brrng physlcal sansfact~onto both, not merely to one The attarn ment of mutual and rec~procaljoy IU thelr relations const~tutea firm bond between two people, and makes for the functron of durabdlty of therr marrlage ue Reclproelty IU sex love 1s the physrcal counterpart of sympathy More mar motherhood rlages fad from Inadequate and clumsy sex love than from too much sex love The lack of proper under standrng 1s In no small measure respons~blefor the unfulfilmeut of connubial happiness, and every degree of dm should be ele- content and unhapprness may, from this cause, occur, leadlng to rupture of the marriage bond aself vated to a post- tron of drgntty WARNER FITE SAYS - and thrs 1s tmpos- "Among personal relat~onsnone rs more replete w~ths~gmficance than the sex relat~on,and none makes srble as long as a rlcher contrrbut~onto the content of hfe In any dtscussron of the ethm of Blrth Control, the rrghts of the marnage relat~onas an end In rtself are bound to bold a central posltron And ~f marrlage 1s to he regarded conceptron re- as an end, and not merely as a means ~t seems to me that the conclur~on1s obvlous as an end important In marns a matter of ~tself,marrrage should represent a cbolce unencumbered, as far ar poss~ble by extraneous obhgatlons, and thls means that, wlth~nthe l~mltsof health and safety, we are just~fiedIn employing all the resources of knowl chance edge to render marrtage ferule or ~nfertde,as those In questron may see fit" Declaration of Prlncrples of OLIVE SCHREINER SAYS - Amerlcan Blrth 'I would base all my sex teachlng to chlldren and young people on the beauty and sacredness of sex Sex Control League mtercourse 1s the great sacrament of hfe he that eateth and drmketh unworthdy eateth and drmketh hlo ow; damnatmn but at may be the most beautiful sacrzment between two souls who have no thought of chddren VOL XI1 FEBRUARY, 1928 No 2 (Cogynghf 1928, Amerrcan Bwlh Control hagut, Inc ) CONTENTS OUR CONTMBUTORS HAMILTON FYFE, an Engluh purnalwt and edt EDITORIAL tonal mter, dramatw cntrc and r-er, w POEMS, by RaIflh Chtyney 39 author of books on polrt,cal queatwma, plays, and volumes of cntrcrsm HAVELOCK ELLIS As a Prophet, by Hamlon Fyfe 4a HUGH DE SELINCOURT, Engluh mveht and The Lrght of Understandmg, by Hugh de Lhncourt 41 cntw, w author of "One Little Boy" (A and C HIS Aid to Psycho analyrra, by Gertrude Donrger 43 Bow, N Y) The Phyarc~an,by Hoprrlon Prlerson 44 Some Rernmlscencer, by Perczoal Chubb 45 GERTRUDE DONIGER ia a student of rocwbgg A Trlbute, by George Setbe1 47 and psychology She w nao morkwq mth one of A Tnbute, by Waldo Frank 48 the great Amencan psycho-a&ta SPEAKING OF THE CONFERENCE, by Abraham PERCIVAL CHUBB w an educator, lecturer, and Stone, M D 48 leader of the St Lmw Ethwal Cdture Soelety MARGARET SANGER COMES TO BERLIN, by Agnes Smedley 50 GEORGE SEIBEL w lsterary and dramatlc edttor of the Psttsburg SwTelegraph HEARTFELT APPRECIATION, edited by Mary Pokrnss 52 BOOK REVIEWS 55 AGNES SMEDLEY, an Amencan teachcng tn Ber- h,was actme rn the early days of the Bwth MARRIAGE IN THE PRESENT AND THE FUTURE, by Control Mmement tn New York Csty Haorlock Ellts (from The Forum) 58 THE ANNUAL MEETING OF THE AMERICAN FLOYD DELL, author of many novel, the latest of BIRTH CONTROL LEAGUE 60 whcch as "The Unmarrsed Father", has wntten much an the questsun of sex and mrnage A LETTER FROM ENGLAND 62 Hss "Outlane of Marntage" u @lashed m Amenca AN APPEAL FROM FRANCE 64 by the Amerwan Bwth ControZ Leagzle CORRESPONDENCE 65 HUDSON CHAPMAN, formerly wtructor at Yale and the Uncverssty of Penmylvarua, now on the Facdty of Oberlcn College, Ohao, presents the BIRTH CONTROL REVIEW vzew of a young parent and a teacher who deals constantly mth adolescent students -HW BY The Amerlcan Birth Control League, Inc ABRAHAM STONE, M D , who accompamed 1W FIFTH AVENUE NEW YORK CITY Dr Hannah M Stm, Clsnwal Dwector of the Ameman Barth Control League, to the World Poplatton Conference, u an wtrwtor at the MABG~PZTSANGEB, Editor Post-Graduate Hosptal, New York He has ANNE G POBBITT,Aaawtant Editor been lecturing on sex problems for mamy years MaPY SUMNEBBOYD, M4~1~gnag Edstor ISAAC GOLDBERG, cntw and bwgrapher, pb- lrshed two gears ago "Havelock Ek,a Cnticd Th. BIRTH CONTROL REVIEW IS pnbluhd Study" (Scmon and Schuster, N Y ) on tba hnt of the month WALDO FRANK, editor, lsterary and art cnttc, rs author of "Our Amenca", "The Dark Mother", "Virgm Spawa" and many other books RALPH CHEYNEY, poet, lecturer, and e&tor of Contemporary Verse ha recentlg pblwhed a Entered M Ssond Class Matter March 11, 1918, at the Poet- & at New York, N Y., under the Act of March S, 1879 volume of verse "Touch and Go" Birth Control Review

VOL XI1 FEBRUARY, 1928 No 2

EDITORIAL

GAIN we celebrate the B~rthdaymonth of the soc~alquestions now do not seem to thlnk ~tneces- A great liberator of the world from sex fears sary to argue the quest~on They s~mplytake Birth and sex tabus Freedom 1s not yet wholly won, but Control for granted, as part of the bas~son wh~ch the way out of darkness mto l~ghthas been broken any better soc~alstructure must be built Such IS through, and hundreds of thousands of men and the att~tudeof Thomas Vernor Sm~th,In "The women are rejoicing In a new and happ~erconcep- Democrat~cWay of L~fe"and of Huntmgton and t~onor hfe, ~tsforces, ~tsbeauty, its joys and ~tsWh~tney m "The Budders of America" Professor marvels-a concept largely due to the proneer work E A Ross makes a more defin~teappeal for Birth of the poet and philosopher whom we honor th~s Control In "Standmg Room Only", but one could month What he bas meant to other thinkers and ate book after book, among those recently pub- writers IS told In them own words m the followmg l~shed,where B~rthControl IS accepted as essent~al, pages But there are m~ll~onswho are benefitmg rather than advocated as a reform Many maga- from the work of Havelock Elhs, who yet have zlnes and per~od~calshave opened them pages to never heard h~sname It 1s only the few who have artlcles and letters giving the pros and cons on come mto d~rectintellectual and spiritual contact B~rthControl or announcmg ~tas the subject of an wth h~m,but these few have passed on the torch to Open Forum Among the events of 1927 also must an ever-mcreasing circle of learners and hsteners, be recorded the great Enghsh debate held by the and there IS no wr~teror teacher doing h~sor her Cambridge Un~onwhen Blrth Control, after a part for sex enl~ghtenment,who does not owe some- magnificent forensic d~splay,was approved by a thing, d~rectlyor ~nd~rectly,to Havelock Ell~sWe vote of 512 to 315 are glad to be able to announce that th~syear w~ll see the $ubl~cationof a new book on Elhs by Hous- ton Peterson A G P

ORE sgn~ficantthan l~voplnlon, 1s ~tthat in 1927 there was adistinct awakenmg~nthemed- lcalM profess~on to the unportance of B~rthControl The profess~on1s being urged by some of the more EWSPAPERS and period~cals have been far-sighted of ~tsown members to "stop dr~vmgthe N full of reviews of the varlous happenrngs of subject of B~rthControl to propaganda organiza- 1927 But no review of the past year 1s complete t~ons,and try ourselves to regulate control of con- which does not take note of the tremendous growth cept~on",an admon~t~onwh~ch was lack~ngunt~l the of the movement towards B~rthControl After a propaganda organ~zat~onshad beaten a path along long struggle, at the beg~nningof wh~chthe ad- whlch the med~calprofess~on could advance mth vocates of Blrth Control were volces crylng m the ease and comfort The way of the doctor was wilderness and findlng few to hsten, Birth Control made easler In 1927 by the Report made by the Spe- seems now to be tak~ngthe $ace In the mmds of c~nlCommittee to the Nat~onalCounc~l of Public men ko whlch ~ts~mportance entltles ~t Gradually Morals, wh~chwas publrshed In London in Novem- the Idea began to penetrate and B~rthControl ber Th~sComm~ttee recorded ~tsoplnlon that "no fou~ldsupporters among sc~eut~atsand thmkers ~mpedlmentshould be plwed In the way of married The new aspect of the movement 1s that wr~terson couples wh~deslred lnformat~onas to contracep Bzrth Control Revtern tives, when this was needed for med~calreasons, or States who w~llhave abhty to do creative work and because of excessive ch~ld-bearingor poverty" It be fit for leadership About 4 per cent of all Amer- also recommended the glving of such mformat~on lcan citlzens come w~thlnthis class Every 48 sec- by medical pract~t~onersand at hosp~tals The t~me onds a person is born who wlll never grow up men- seems to be speedily comlng when the medlcal pro- tally beyond the age of a normal 8 year old ch~ld, fession, forgetting ~tslong reluctance, w~llunhesi- every 50 seconds a person IS committed to jail in tatingly claim contrdception as a necessary part of the United States Very few normal persons go medical pract~ce They will not be allowed the to jail " There 1s no true Eugen~cs-no practical whole field w~thoutprotests from the Econom~sts, Race Betterment-that does not have Rirth Con- who were out m favor of Brth Control while the trol as ~tsbase doctors, In general, were st111 hesitant It is worth noting in thls revlew of progress in 1927 that Blrth Control and its Relation to the Food Supply was one of the quest~onssuggested for those who wished HE price soc~etypays for crlme 111 money is to compete for the Thousand Dollar Econom~c on14 part of what ~tpays The whole pnce, the prize, offered for the 24th time, through the gen- Tperverted cur~os~tyand perverted sympathy a erosity of Hart Schaffner and Marx of Chlcago, shocking crime may arouse, 1s a far heav~erone and supervised by the Committee of wh~chJ The melodrama of the Snyder case has come to an Lawrence Laughlin of the Univers~tyof Chicago is end, but ~tseffects are not over Personal~t~eslike chairman Ruth Snyder and Judd Gray are the true udt, them influence IS even more fateful than then crlme and the ev~dencethey furnish of the morb~dm- stincts to which the crowd responds calls for eugen- ic action So far is the newspaper reading publ~c debased that it went to Ruth Snyder for an opin- ion on B~rthControl Just after her conv~ctionthe HE recent Race Betterment Conference, held papers publ~sheda attack by her in which she sa~d that a houseful of ch~ldrenwould have saved her at Battle Creek, M~chigan,January 2-6,~an Texample of the universal acceptance of Birth Con- from sin The bankruptcy of the opposit~on1s trol We have no story of the Conference to pub- shown by the character of this witness they brmg 11sh in the BIRTH CONTROLREVIEW this month forward The Synder case is a most convlncmg argument for Birth Control Ruth Snyder should The reason IS that, from the offic~alprogram, Blrth Control-the cornerstone of the arch of race better- never have had any children The child Mrs Sny- ment-was omitted But we have the evidence of der left behmd IS far the most pitiable figure m the Dr S Adolphus Knopf, who was refused the privl- drama, but we can at least be thankful that she had lege of speakmg on this subject but requested to only one For children are forced not only to bear speak there on tuberculosis, that Birth Control was the stigma before the world but the inner stlgmata present unoffic~ally throughout the sessions A of a bad mheritance good three-quarters of the speakers, he states, made Not the smallest ev~denceof the need for Birth it part of them program And what brought it Control eugenlcs IS the ev~dencethis case presents home to those at the conference who may not have that even the decent mstincts of the public are gven it much thought before was the statistics, crookedly applied It IS inexcusable crlmes such graph~callyexhibited by electr~ct~me signals, of as th~swh~ch stimulate oppos~t~onto capital pun~sh- the Amencan Eugen~cssociety We have glven ment Thls is unjust, for as long as a campalgn these before In the BIRTH CONTROLREVIEW, but against cap~talpun~shment is assoc~atedwith such they should be learned by heart "Every second", cases, decent and thoughtful people will be antag- sa~dthe I~ghts,"crime costs Amer~ca$100,000, onized When Birth Control has cut down the huge every 15 seconds $100,000 go for the care of per- proportions of the problem of unfitness, when hu- sons w~thbad hered~ty,such as insane, feeble- mamty, furn~shedw~th a normal mher~tanceand a minded, and other defectives Every 16 seconds a normal and ample env~ronmentitself grows nor- person IS born in the Un~tedStates, every 7% mln- mal, cap~talpun~shment m11, with very l~ttleag~ta- utes a h~gh-gradeperson IS born m the Unlted tion, become an mst~tut~onof the dark past

------I wsh to pay my tnbute to a great man and a great Wer,to whom I am deeply Indebted UPTON SINCWR to HAVELOCK ELLlS February, 1928 0 THOSE who fear a world in which the pro- outside the home after the menopause ended the portions of young and old wdl be changed by annual ch~ldbearingof a generation ago This, we TBrth Control and the prolongation of life by med- reallze as we read the monumental history of wom- ~calscience, Hen1y Dw~ghtChapm's article, "Is an suffrage, is what made that movement in the Llfe Worth Prolonglng?" In the January Forum earller years possible Throughout the ages also, na- mll brmg encouragement Dr Chapin's them 1s tlons have glven to the matured wlsdom of their sen- that when the diseases of maturity-those diseases ates, to the groups of their elders, at least an equal which still successfully resist sclence-are con- share In government wlth the younger men Youth quered, and the number of those who hepast mid- IS characterized more often by the crudlty of Inex- dle age ~ncreased,we shall not have a crowd of senile perience than by lnspired w~sdom On the back- dependents to support On the contrary there wdl ground of what we have learned, we ought to be, be a larger group of men and women of great and m most cases are, better equ~ppedat fifty to knowledge, w~deexperience and rlpe judgment to meet new emergencies and undertake new enter- asslst In the work of the world He gves examples pnses than is youth at 25 with no background at all to prove that the mlnd does not stagnate at fifty, Dr Chapin protests the disparagmg of matur~tyin and for each of h~sexamples, a multitude of others business and profess~onallife, which is the pushing come to mmd One startling example, or group of aside of those the best part of whose productwe life examples from the past was the not uncommon blos- has just begun, to make room for the unregulated sonung forth of women mto constructwe act~v~t~esflood of new llfe that threatens to swamp the world

NOW OUR BABY IS BORN SECOND EPITHALAMIUM

Now the appomted t~mehas come Now I am wholly lifted up, When your young body 1s the drum I am a cloud that forms a cup On wh~ch1s pounded martyrdom I that was ebb-t~deturned to flood, The sun stooped down for earth's cool blood Now when you are sola ate I shall qu~ckenthe sod that IS and now Through you all future t~mescreate R~ch,dark r~pplesat touch of plow 1 You are the bndge You are the gate

Whde I who shared mth you love's tang Now I make peace w~thmy body once more, Cannot assume your eas~estpang Home to ~t,one mth ~t,savor ~tslore L~febares a pomted, flammg fang All the old wonder and new dehght Now pulse through my roots and flood me w~thhght Now body knows earthquake and storm The roots dnnk sun and feed the sod, D~stortmgwhen love-flesh was warm Gropmg mth roots I reach to God Now tmy cry bes~deracked form "Male and female created He them" And when th~scrumpled petal Puck That through each other they touch HIS hem Fmt qulvers close and you glve suck, My heart's a bell you both have struck A k~ss1s man's smcerest prayer When God of God becomes aware, These moat ~ncred~ble,wee hands For "God 1s love" and God IS sex Must not be bm~sedby trade's demands The act shows clear where the creeds perplex They are as soft as corn-sdk strands Th~shead be safe from any st~ng- You move w~ththe moon, dear, breathe mth the tde Now soft as baby owlet wmg- In fellowsh~pto me denled, Th~smouth find hfe a tune to slng And whde I fret staccato measures For just ourselves ~t'shttle worth You taste of dehcate, suffused pleasures To storm the dungeons of the earth, But, sleepmg beauty, you wa~tmy wakmg But on for those we brmg to b~rth' For God must be born from the shell of our breaL~ng -RALPH CHEY\EYIn "Contemporary lcrse" l3zrth Control Remew Havelock Ellis

BOUT THE WORK of Havelock Ell~sIn well as surprlse I almost expected the Archb~shop the field of sex and ~tsvagarles I know noth- of Canterbury to swoop down on me for havmg Amg That subject has no mterest for me I should such a book In my possesson hke to speak of h~mas an mterpreter of life and 11t- Not, let me say again, that there was anythmg erature, as an observer of the currents of h~sage, as m ~t to offend the most sens~t~vetaste, the most a prophet of th~ngsto come prud~sh~mag~nat~on It was the ~deasm it that Nearly forty years ago I was a young newspaper took one's breath away It was the breadth of the man in London, far more attracted by the thought author's vlslon wh~chmade one feel that one had and the feelmg of wh~chI was vaguely conscious In hved under a stuffy cloud of prejud~ceand quarter- the world about me than In the triv~aht~esof poll- truth tics and pohce-courts Much as the book helped towards a just apprecl- I had just begun to value the compan~onshipof at~onof D~derot,Heme, Wh~tman,Ibsen and Tol- books I read all that I could get hold of And stol, ~tsgreatest value was that Elhs used them to somehow or another I got hold of one called "The dlustrate his mterpretat~onof the new spmt His New Spir~t" plercmg glance lnto the future was a stimulus, an The name drew me to ~tw~th eager ant~c~pat~onencouragement HIScalm confidence m the truth I was aware of somethmg new m the alr Not even of what he pred~ctedleft no room (m my mmd at In the office of the London Tames where I then any rate) for doubt worked as a reporter could th~ssomethmg be en- It 1s all happenmg as he sa~d~t would Much of t~rely~gnored Now I was about to find out ex- ~thas happened already I have no space to prove actly what ~twas th~sby quotat~on,but I must set down h~swlse and Who Havelock Elhs was I d~dnot know Very final answer to the parrot cry that Soc~al~smwould few had at that t~meheard his name even, so I was reduce all mankmd to a common level not to be blamed for my Ignorance qu~cklydls- The thmgs to be sociahzed, he sa~d,were those I To covered, however, that he was the man for me HIS th~ngsof which we all have equal common need book seemed to bring more enlightenment to my the md~v~dualwe must leave the control of mdmd- mind than any smgle volume I had ever read ual~ty In another phrase, we were engaged m so- cialmg our phys~calhfe In order to attam greater It was just the stuff to stn an ardent young In- freedom for our sp~r~tuall~fe Never has the d~s- telhgence It was creative, ~t pushed boldly into tinction been more clearly stated the future, ~t pa~dno homage to the creeds and con- vent~onsof the moment but qu~etlyshoved them to HAD TO wa~tsome t~mebefore I could draw one s~de 1 refreshment and del~ghtfrom another book by The wntmg was In no way abus~veor ~ntolerant Havelock Ell~s Between 1890 and 1900 he pub- It was rad~antwith clear thmkmg, w~thgood hum- lished several, but they were not for me At last, our My sense of the harmony of language was after ten years, I held In my hands "The Nmeteenth charmed by ~tsv~gour My head was filled w~th Century, a d~alagueIn Utop~a" As soon as I ~deas I had at last a key to the changes golng on looked mto ~t,I was under the spell agam In the world Here can be found all the news wh~chare held today by ~ntell~gentmen and women throughout HE NEW SPIRIT, ~tappeared, was a qu~ck the world Twenty-e~ghtyears ago nearly all who enmg of the pulse of hfe (That pulse, I had cons~deredthemselves mtelligent regarded war as a begun to thmk, needed qu~cken~ngf)The immedi- necessity and on the whole rather a good thmg, they ate causes were the enlargement of knowledge could not comprehend that nat~onal~tyand patnot- about the ongm and descent of Man, the rlse of Ism would ever be classed among the obstacles to Woman, and the comlng of Democracy clv~hzat~onThey looked blank when the barbar- Fully to understand what msight, what courage, ~t~esof Industriahsm were ment~oned Beauty they were requ~redto m~teas Havelock Ell~swrote beheved to be somethmg that art~stsmanufactured then, you must have known what 1890 was hke Progress they professed thew fervent fa~thmn- His introduct~onleft me gasp~ng-w~th del~ghtas (Contrnusd on pagr 65) February, 1938 Havelock Ellis The Light of Understanding By HUGHDE SELZNCOUET HE SEVENTH and last volume of the Stu- artst would dare to attam or could attam), but be- T d~esm the Psychology of Sex wdl shortly ap- cause as lt cannot be too often msisted, all unsavon- pear Amongst other hgsit will contam The ness exlsts m the eye of the beholder History of Flome which was first published m the What then const~tutesthe magic dlfference be- Ammcan Psycho-analytgc Reuzew Val 6 Nos 3 tween the record of a case and a perfect httle work and 4, under the t~tle"The Mechamsm of Sexual of art? It is worth mquirmg mto, because the dif- Deviation" The work 1s the record of a case m ference IS as fundamental, and as simple, as the dif- whch a woman was freed from a troublesome om- ference between seelng people (especially our plex fnends) m terms of what they are not, and seemg In one way ~t 1s perhaps the finest ahevement people (especially our fr~ends)in terms of what of Havelock Ehs one of the loveliest flowers on they are the dlfference between plus and mmus the great tree of his work Many other accounts of the difference between a creatlve att~tudetowards cases exist wh~ch,bemuse the author 1s more gifted hfe and a negatlve att~tudetowalds hfe, the d~f- as psychologwt than writer, are expressed m a ference between growth and disease a d~fference sort of techcal shorthand whch IS bahgto the which ~tIS essent~alfor every human bemg's health ordmary reader, and (one has the uncomfortable to recognm distmctly feehg) are meant to be ba&g The anc~entMed- icme Man was unwhg to free the unmtiated, on The Cure of Flome whom he hved, from the superstltlous dread of b From the polnt of view of &ease, Florrlewas and used devices the fear of which we obviously aficted mth grlevous tendenc~esthat have Medlcme Man uses cannot be mentioned outside a consultmg-room She terrmnology and assumes an authorlQ which was B very mtelhgent woman, a strong supporter us have stdl seem of the Woman's Movement, appearing to those snxlous play On ourlgnorancefor them Own ends around her as a dehghtful person m every way yet than to further Our edghtenment The orhry she 1s gripped by an overmastermg ev~lthing with honest man mshes become more honest Is at which she 1s quite unable to contend alone Fear first their parlance, then surprised at and virtuousness and self r~ghteousjudgment-the detestation of each other and finally Is usual negative attitude towards hfe--would keep to turn them all as from her to the consultmg-room (of the prison) untd she who are desirous Own prestige and was fit to consort mth respectable persons She success than of the spread of msdom herself felt she was doomed for an asylum, mto Love of Truth whch the negat~veattltude would qulte surely have Goethe m h~ maxuns makes two meremarks &Iven her whch throw hght upon the matter m hand he says Fortunstely, however, for herself (and also as it "The first and last thmg requred of gemus 1s love turns out for all who care for the m~sterlesof hu- of fiuth", and m another place he explauls what man nature) she read Love and Pan, in a volume love of t~thentails "Love of truth shows of the "Sex Studes" and wrote to Havelock Ellis m tb, that a knows how to find and value the She got m touch mth the creative attitude towards good m everythmg " hfe, and was healed "Henceforth Florr~eknows I can thlnk of no work whch illustrates these herself She walks in hght where formerly she qmhhes more nlcely than the History of Flome stumbled m a darkness full of awful specters For whch m other hands would be the ~LIUE~record of years a mysteriously-cloaked, terrible figure had an unsavory case, lnstmct~veperhaps to the mental seized her from behd ln an Iron clutch she could speclahst but of no mterest to the ordmary mtelh- not shake off, threatening her mth InsanltJ' and all gent man Havelock Elhs, however, 1s first and sorts of dreadful fates Now she IS able to turn foremost an artist, and m hshands the mere record round and face it and the Iron clutch loosens of a meemerges lnto a perfect httle work of art, and the monster dissolves mto mlst, a mst that even mthout a single trace of unsavory element, not be- seems beautiful " cause any fact has been om~ttedor slurred over (on And how was the conversion accoinpl~shed~In the contrary there is a clarity whch none but an the same way as the conversion of the dull record Barth Control Reorem of a case mto a work of art was accomplished "The ster's power, or rather by understandmg, to enable whole method needed to lnsure Florrle's progress human belngs to we ~tspower, and turn ~t from s lay In surrounding her with an atmosphere That bllght and a devastation Into an msplratlon and a atmosphere was slmply one of sympathetic com- supreme joy 7 Who but Havelock Ell~sfHe stdl prehension " llves he stdl works he stdl loves Gradually the generation 1s comng to realm that In ~tsrmdst hves And like Florne, that 1s the atmosphere we find one of those rare spmts whom Whltman called An- m readmg the account of her recovery The artist swerers Gradually they are beglnnmg to acclalm 1s not shocked, 1s not horrlhed, does not judge or hun more gradually stdl some are beg~nnmgto condemn, hls one passlon is to understand To hm learn from his work and to apply ~tsbeautlful wls- everythmg that lives 1s holy He sees a beautiful dom to the~rown llves, And thus ever so slowly but thmg trapped and stopped he releases the teeth of ever so lnevltably the sum of human happmess 1s the trap by hls understandmg and frees what 1s im- increased prisoned Llves of hlm are wrltten and bemg wrltten The Pasmon to Understand They cannot dispose of hlm, they may attract to hls And this attltude of understandmg ~t 1s which work Meanwhile thls Revzew contmues ~tsyearly brings it about that by the falthful relatlon of one homage to the man m ~tsgood February blrthday case, that of Florne, hght 1s thrown not only on the number and when Margaret Sanger asked me to mystery of a woman's nature but of all human na- contribute once agaln I accepted once agam as one ture No mtelllgent man or woman readmg thls accepts a great honor, though the result 1s only once account of a troubled woman healed could fall to agaln to try and stutter out one's gratitude and learn somethmg of the secrets of them bemg, the one's devotlon to a man whose llfe and whose work knowledge whlch 1s most preclous to every one have brought one nearer to all that 1s preclous m Perhaps the maln point whlch the light of under- one's own hfe, have quickened one's power of ap- standmg m thls Hlstory illurmnates 1s the artlst's preciatlon and have helped one to become somethmg attltude towards what are generally regarded w~th of what one longs to become A chance on no ac- horror as monstrous thmgs ,-namely perversions count to be mlssed, ~f only to be able to write those The artlst does not see pervemons m the negatlve great words hght of fear and horror he sees them as part of 'Gamst death and all obliv~ousenmlty human nature as part of his own nature For, from Shall you pace forth, the creatlve pomt of new, a perversion resembles a broken spoke of a wheel, whlch obtrudes and be- consc~ousthat the prophecy contamed m them 1s comes vlslble by bemg broken, but 1s none the less once agaln m beautlful course of fulfilment-to the as sure a part of every human bemg as are the un- lastmg benefit of mankmd broken unseen spokes of a revolvmg wheel Or as an instrument m the great orchestra whlch 1s bemg Goodwill and Love used to the detrment or exclusion of other mstru- ments, but whlch 1s part of every full orchestra, and Goethe says, and the beautlful kmshlp of spmt mthout whlch none of the finest symphonies can between these two great humanitarians glves vwld be performed meanmg to hls words whlch, m splte of all modern smartness remam eternally true The Greatness of EUM "Ill-mll and hatred llmlt the observer to the sur- face, even when associated wlth keen perceptlon Thls llttle Hlstory of Florrle 1s a beautlful epl- On the other hand when keen perceptlon is closely tome of all Havelock Ehs's work Behlnd whom unlted wlth goodwill and love, ~t penetrates the has not loomed th~sterrlble cloaked figure mth the world and mankmd, and truly ~tmay hope to at- lron gripwhlch understandmg alone can help a tam to the hlghest " man to face so- that the non clutch loosens and the monster dissolves Into mist' Who has, through These words dispose of many clever fellows, but a long arduous hfe, carmg nothmg for sneers or ob- throw a steady hght upon the mmd of a man hke loquy or neglect, qu~etly,persistently, udmchmg- Havelock Elhs, helpmg all who read them r~ght, ly, llved and suffered and worked to lessen tbls mon- better to appreciate the value of hls work February, 1928 Havelock Ellis His Aid to Psycho-analysis By GERTRUDEDONIGER OGETHER with the general current Interest the teachings of Freud Whatever may be the T in psjcho-analysls and rather free use of changes in specific technique, Mr Ellis will remain Freudian terminology, are some badly confused our most comprehenslve, sclent~ficand moderate ideas about analytic therapy To some, psvcho- sexologist, upon whoin psycho-analysts have drawn analysis means nothing more than professional hberally both for scientific facts and for a warm and sanct~onfor free love, to others ~tmeans the open- sympathetic understrnding of the task before them ing of a new and large field for salacious readlng Havelock Ellis has popularized the subject more Usually those who protest in loudest terms against efHectlvely and more inoffensively than any other the analytic technique have the least information scholar on the subject and are wilhng to let the matter pass Rernovrng Inhzbrtrons mth a word about the distinctive nature of human sexuahty In a series of lectures delivered at the University of Vlenna, Freud was careful to state that advice and guidance concerning conduct in life does not Why, it is often asked, if psycho-analysis is a form an Integral part of the analytic method He method of medical treatment for those suffermg stated that the analyst w~shes,as far as possible, to from mental disorders, 1s the subject of sex always refrain from playing the part of the mentor and in the foreground durlng the major period of the wants nothing more or better than that the patlent analytic treatment? The answer is to he found m should find his own solutions for himself Thls is the precepts of conventional morality which has se- the process of education In the true sense that Mr lected this natural impulse, above all others, for the Ellis hopes for The am of psycho-analysis, ac- dumping ground of taboos and threats Although cordmg to Mr Ellis, 1s not "the suppression of nat- American psychologists and soclal sc~ent~stsrecog- ural mpulses nor even the installation of sound mze the narrowness of the orlginal view of Freud, rules and maxims for thew control, not the press- which tended to reduce all motives to one connected mg In but the leadlng out of the ~ndividual'sspecial mth sex, they have come to take cognizance of hls tendencies It removes inh~b~tions,even inhlbltions contribution to the understanding of human mo- that were placed upon the mdividual or that he con- tives No one has helped us more toward this end, sciously or unconsciously placed upon h~mselfwith or pven us more carefully collected data on the lm- the best moral intentions, and by so doing it allows pulses that underlie human conduct than Havelock a large and freer and more natively spontaneous Ellis While he does not claim the title of psycho- morahty to come into play It has thls Influence analyst for himself, we cannot fail to recognize the above all in the sphere of sex, where such inhlbltions importance of his contnhutions In the study of sex- have been most powerfully laid on the nat~veim- ual problems Freud does not wlth-hold his ap- pulse, where the natural tendencies have been most preciatlon for the work of Ellis In connection wlth surrounded by taboos and terrors, most tinged wlth dream mechamsms when he refers to the investiga- artificial stalns of lmpurity and degradation de- tions of the latter as "happy anticipations of our rived from alien and antiquated tradltlons Thus deductions", thus admitting Ellis Into the hrother- the therapeutlcal experience of the psvcho-analysts hood of ploneers In that field of research From reinforces the lessons we learn from physiology and time to time psychlatry acknowledges its indebted- psychology and the mtimate experiences of life " ness to Mr Ellis for the colnage of a technical term, Mr Elhs has presented hls facts, he does not or for the presentation of fresh clinical materlal preach or frighten us Into heheving The value of lt is possible that the prejudice against analytlc his work remains In his slncerlty and hls wilhngness therapy has already begun to relax, so that with to carry his researches to them logical conclusions the entrance of more medlcal men into that field and HISdiversity of interests has brought the results the continual spread of the analytic doctrlne we may of hls lnvestlgatlons not only before psycho-an- expect to find more and newer terms and more case alysts, but as well into the fields of sex hygiene, the material We have already seen such a growth In psychiatry of sex and Blrth Control Bzrth Control Remew Havelock Ellis The Physician

OR THE SPRING of 1928, Houghton, were scarce His first case was a drunken woman F Mlfflin and Con~panyannounce the publica- stretched out on the floor among her howling children tion of "Havelock Ellis-Philosopher of Love", a One day a relative of a prospective mother came to the study of the development of Ellis' thought and hosp~taland requested Elhs's servlces in the following work The author, Houston Peterson, an mstruc- complimentary fash~on "Don't send any of those young tor in philosophy at Columbia University, has given students Send us that elderly gentleman, with the beard us the prmlege of using before publicat~ona pass- He 1s so very kind " The elderly gentleman was gettmg age whch tells of a little known side of Havelock on toward twenty-five Ellis' scientific training for his great work on the "In the same letter to Olwe Schreiner, Ellis sald that psychology of sex he liked most in hls medwal tralning the obstetrical work His interest in this subject began m his curiously in the summers "If I don't learn much that is fresh in phdosophic ch~ldhood At sixteen he decided that obstetrics I learn how the people live and think, which is this should be his life study and in thls determina- very ~nterestmg,and also I enJoy the supreme luxury of tion he never wavered until, in 1909, the great sixth hvmg and canng for them-knowing that I may because volume, on the soclal apphcatlons of his subject, was ~t 1s good for them It is quite a ncw and delmous expen- finlshed The incident of the young boy's decision, ence to them sometimea, and they are so grateful for what which was to determine the course of his life for are really only httle silly nothings " more than thlrty years, Mr Peterson describes "One evening he was walklng up and down an avenue of eucalyptus trees A thousand locusts sang the chorus N 1886 he finished his work in St Thomas and to his meditations What was the meaning of this storm I two winters he spent as unquahfied assistant to In his soul, why all this reticence about sex, why all this a physician in the small minmg town of Dalton m vague talk about s~n?Then and there he made up his Lancashire and later in the mill town of Blackburn mnd to devote h~mselfto the study of the matter In order Three years later he received his diploma and, mth to save other yonng people from the perplexities which mtervals for literary work, he spent the two suc- tormented hlm ' He would explore the dangerous ocean ceedmg years substitutmg for practitioners of sex, and perhaps find for humanity an earthly para- "That marked the end of Elhs's medical career," says dise " Mr Peterson "It took too much time from his principal Thls was the first step The next was taken three work He had practiced long enough to gain the back- years later when lie decided that the practical means ground that he needed and learn the secrets of the pro- of' beginning work was to take a medical course fession, not long enough to become calloused to suffering He entered St Thomas' Hospital, London, at the or lose the preclous sense of novelty where lndlv~dualsare age of twenty and in 1889 he recelved his diploma concerned Since then he has been a physlclan of souls, Of the spirit m which the course was undertaken while keeping up wlth the developments in medmne to a and the course itself, Mr Peterson says remarkable degree Thls combination of mterests in Elhs was not merely fortu~tousor fortunate, seems to have "In the mldst of thls arduous medical tramng, Ehs it been essential In the past century to those students who never forgot that he had undertaken ~t entirely as a means pierced most deeply Into the secrets of the human to further ends 'The work for me' he wrltes Ohve mnd Schremer in May, 1884, 'hes in the things I have to say some day I cannot help makmg even doctoring subser "Ellis the physician cannot be separated from Elhs the v~entto that ' psychologist and cnt~c The years at St Thomas's were "The one subject of hls course In wh~chEllls dis- an mtegral part of hls career and he is a l~censedmember tingutshed hlmself nas midwifery He was pven partic- of the Bnt~shmedical profess~on It would have been appropriate for that profession to eve hlm some ofliclal ularly- good- instruct~onby Dr H Gervis and Dr Robert Cory, authorities in obstetr~csand the diseases of women re~ugnlt~onab the world's authonty on a not unimportant While livlng at the hospital dunng two-weeh penods ~n phase of human health, and the Roval Society might have the summers of 1881-2-3-4, he made over a hundred deliv- made h~ma Fellow mthout lowenng its standards, but enes among the poor people of Lambeth, Vauxhall and physmans and scientists generally are notonously re- adjo~nmgd~strlcts Awakened in h~supper room at any ticent about that very act which brought them into ex~st- hour of the night by a l~nglingbell, he would often be led ence,-and EUls has not suffered senously from their away to some vermm-infested hole where water and light neglect " Havelock Ellis Some Reminiscences and Interpretations By PEBCIVALCHUBB HE HAVELOCK ELLIS of whom I a~rof the uplands of thought His was-let me T shall wnte must be, in the main, the venture the word!-the chastest mmd I have ever friend of long ago, and yet I feel that m known in a large and affluent nature HISwork on essentials it mll be the Havelock Ellis of to- Sex like his handhg of the Woman question and day For when, after many years, I looked him up Love nught almost be the work of a d~sembodied in the summer of 1923, ~twas the same smple, gen- sp~rit He can't be vulgar There is not a trace of uine, quiet Ellis vho greeted me, as if we had parted the satyr in him He is too astral,-too dispassion- but yesterday He was more august but here was ately scientific,-too imagmatively sens~tive I do the same ready smlle, the same upstanding figure, not know where to look for the same fusion of scien- and,-&, yes!-the same old molluscous hand- tific and esthetic endowment in the same fine bal- shake Furthermore, here m the littered and dusty ance HISaccusers were self-accused room was the same mdrfference to surroundmgs I had to find him out through the mean streets of a shabby suburb What a dwelling for an Olympian! But it reaffirmed the old paradox,-a high sensi- The ultimate explanation of this is that, desp~te tiveness insensitive to the near-at-hand He was hsestheticism, he does not actually live m the close- lodged m a dingy world, but he was not livmg enfolding world of the senses There is no turbu- there He dwelt still m an Epicurean garden of lence of the senses m his books these have little the mmd This is a first clue to him m his work feel of personahty I recall the past again He Let me follow lt was, above all things, shy and reticent He came to meetmgs, but said noth~ng Next day you m~ght The early copy of "The Dance of Life," whch get h~sreactions in a letter He was most h~mself he then gave me, lies here heslde the cherished auto- at h~sdesk, pen in hand The inner Ellis was a graph copy of "The New Spirit," his first book, scribe Unworldly, yet human, solemn, yet suave, mailed to me overseas in 1890, soon after I had left 111s personality is eluslve Olive Schreiner's audaci- hm In the later book I found the r~penedand ous characterizat~on,-"a cross between Christ and ~nrichedfruition of the first Ellis "arnved" wlth a faunn,*-was a daring attempt to hit off that dual the first Although durmg the Interval of th~rty- self,-now in grave repose, and now mth that faun- three years, much has happened, the "new spirit" ish smde But we must not press it There 1s the has carned over To be sure, Ellis the scientific m- broad conquering brow to reckon nth, its freight of vestlg&tor of Sex has mtemened, hut Elhs the hu- knowledge and its robust and lucid mentality He- man~stessayist has survived and triumphed The hra~che is not, he is more Greek,-Alexandrian, general attitude toward life and the general outlook perhaps upon ~t remain m essent~alswhat they were The absence of the Hehra~cstress in him 1s a cardinal factor The d~sinterestedintellectualism The Real Olympm and the sensitive esthetic~smleave no room for He- braic ethical energy They are the clues, I have "I saw Ellisl" chortled one of our younger lit- said, to his fine, clean handllng of Sex and Woman erary men to me on his return from England "Ah! and Love They also explain the fact that this there's your real Olyrnp~anlTo look at as well as protean mmd 1s charactenzed by a striking eth~cal to talk w~th!" It 1s true This Jovian presence naiveti5 "There is no struggle on my brow " no was in the making forty years ago The calm de- seams and wrmkles of spiritual perturbation I tachment, the far-rangmg eye, the simple dignity, used to think that he showed no sense of the agony were there m the old days But no thunderbolts' and bloody sweat of human travail And his big Never any heroics, never any outpourmgs of im- hook confirms my early feeling about hlm Life petuous speech So it has continued There were, is a dancer-not, 0 Imperial Sto~c,-your grim for mnstance, no lightrungs of wrath for those who wrestlmg test He is on th~sscore as incorr~ghleas maligned him when he explored the field of sex ever Religion is st111 for him an esthet~canodyne, That charge arouses "Filthy-mnded!" they spat to which we resort when the dancmg becomes a hit a fnend's mdignat~on Never was there so lud~crous - *See also her the letter a slander Here was one who Iived m the cool clean 11s or his study Bzrth Control Rmem feverish But for Ellis the dancmg IS an imagina- swer that looks like trifling to hard-beset human tive spectacle to spheric muslc The harsh chords, belngs Pain, suffering, disaster, desolation, the the harrow~ngdissonances, the broken melodies, he human cry, the prophetic soul,-how are these to seldom notes They do not seem to penetrate his be reckoned with? Th~sbrilhant and beaut~ful ivory walls For him, as for Montaigne In his tower tapestry of the Dance-how shall it suffice us? To among his books, l~feis spectacular, not partic~pa- cope with these questions would lead us into a diffi- tlve cult debate about first and last thlngs , and I merely Here I can scarcely help becoming personal I raise the issues as 1nvol1ed in a critical understand- ing of Ellis's general temper and attitude tread on dangerous ground, but I belleve that Ellis the man is the key to Ellis the thinker and writer Ellis dancing was unthinkable Th~sor any other form of partmpat~onin the sportive Let me now turn to the personal equation in an- world,-ln athletics, In singng or yarnlng, or in other relationship For one who has enjoyed dramatics,-was foreign to the flesh-and-blood Ellis's quiet and sincere friendship the contrast fin- Ellis He is an Epicurean of imaginative retire- ally presents itself between the rich complexity of ment-a delighted spectator of the Dance He his writings and the simplicity of his nature and his tastes vicariously of these dances of the human ways We all felt his shy ret~cence,but we knew species, his imagnation rejoices in them, he that much was going on insde that reserved per- weaves lovely patterns about them, he builds win- sonality, that he was reading voraciously, thinkmg ning theories out of them And he does it deftly unceasingly, writing much He was explonng and often with quite exquisite and entertaining corners we had never sighted, and discovering por- skill And all this he does by virtue of the delicate tents we had never suspected He had taken up sensitiveness, the disinterested aloofness, the insati- a dozen scents we had never sniffed His s~mplicity able curiosity, the many-s~dedcatholicity, and the was not that of an easy, amiable acquiescence He power of imagnative divination, which no other was stubbornly and openly independent We knew English essayist has exhibited his dissents and ant~pathies Here was the simplic- ity of unassailable intellectual rectitude and frank- S~gn~ficanceof ''The Dance of Lafe" ness Ellis was incorruptible It is not my purpose to attempt any appra~salof But there was more in it than that We were all his view of life, or to meet the question that arises deliberate "simplifiers" m those early days - we when we have put down "The Dance of Life" and were so for reasons, and ultimately for the reason ask,-What is the s~gnificanceand value of this re- which emerges clearly In the closing chapter of markable contribution to the solvent thought of our Elhs's big book In the great battle between ac- tme? What does it all amount to? But one re- quisition and the burden of mechanism and mate- act~onis m place here, for its bearing on the pomt rial thmgs and, on the other side, living for creative I have ra~sedabove To me the book is a some- and contemplative activity, we were enlisted for the what bewildering manifestation of sensitive recep- latter cause It sounds like "talkmg big", but tivity How many are capable of following this there was really very little pose m the attitude r~chscientific-esthet~c responsiveness to the many Elhs is a proof His wr~tingsdo not suggest "pose" mterpretat~ons,scientific and sociological, philo- His career and his own very simple habit of life are sophical and poetic, art~sticand esthetic, of our a refutation of any such charge We were with the civilization? His is no touch-and-go, super6cial currents that flowed through Morns, Carpenter, acquaintance wth the endless file of writers and Tolstoy and others At our outings-wlth them tendenc~eshe passes m review His is no patch- climactic shilling-teas at some rural tea-shop, verit- work eclecticism We have a closely textured pat- able festal banquetsl-we often read aloud under- tern of thmking But the salient interrogation neath the bough on the Surrey hills or in Kentish is-what are the om~ssions? And the omisslon woods, Thoreau and Emerson and Whitman mth which counts for most IS that which concerns the a naive gusto ethical nawetC I have spoken of Ellis has no pa- True, there was an element of necessity in this hence with metaphysics and the ethical philosophy virtue We-say, a round score of us,-had to be of the schools The concept of personality scarcely simple We were impecunious I recall many a exists for him To the interrogation, What is man sixpenny luncheon and tea at the A B C tea-shops. m his ethical essence and how does the considera- -and many a dessert "off" pictures wth Ellm tion of his inner drama affect the thesis that Life afterwards. at the National Gallerv We went m 1s a dance?-there is no answer, or at least an an- perforce foi the simple things that were cheap But February, 1988

~twas not a case of sour grapes These thmgs, out- net and the Impresslonlsts,-and so on Thls must doors and m,-tramps, concerts, museums, hbrar- suffice to suggest the manlfold Influences at work les, cheap books,-were to be had by the amb~tlous in those days of ferment, and all of them were for- poor For Ellls ~t was a matter of slmphfymg the matwe lnfluences for Elhs No one was more sen- condlt~onsof lwmg so as to be free to do hls work s~tlveto them, or more easlly was In touch w~th And that work was complex In a complex contem- them, and no one was more sensltlve and asslmlla- porary sltuatlon We pass on, then, to th~scom- tlve of them plexlty of the environment Ellls IS then a frult~onof these seemmgly con- Here we reach the root of the sub~ect,we have the trary forces,-simwllficatlon and comwlex~tv He key to Ellis's perlod of gestation To understand stands for the endGavor to harmonlzeLthem" That hls var~etyand many-s~dednesswe must conslder accounts for h~seclect~clsm and hls esthetlc~sm his Inborn curloslty and sens~tivenessm the midst of And that accounts for the relatlon m hls work, or what I am tempted to call the English Renascence, lack of relatlon, between reallty and ~magmat~on -the days of the New Spmt, the seethmg Elghtles, Here I must end abruptly We have to catch up the turn of the tlde, the blrth of the modern spmt In with Ellls We are not In the best mood to-day to England That IS too long a story to tell, and ~t profit by hm Nor are we in the best mood to dls- has never been adequately told A few references cern whereln he must be supplemented, as to speak must suffice The New Soclnl Conscience, as Henry personally, I thmk he must be To say that h~s D Lloyd called ~t,was born after the epoch of splrltuallzed Epicureamsm must be tempered by a Lalssez Fare Ind~v~duallsnl"The Bltter Cry of neo-Stolclsm IS to cover the Issue only partially I Outcast London" was heard, and Toynbee Hall am thlnklng of a Sto~clsmcut loose from the de- was one of the many responses Toynbee hlmself termlnlsm whlch must be fatal to the free creatwe expressed the influence of Ruskln, the Greens, actmty wh~chEllls h~mselfregards as the one thlng Hmton, Besant Soclahsm, Land Nationahzatlon, needful There must be the ethlcal cover to save us Ph~losophlcalAnarch~srn, Fablanlsrn, the Unlvcrs- from the paralyzmg extravagances of our modish ~tvExcns~on Rlovement, the Arts and Crafts move- mecbanlstlc bent Mechan~smIS for Slaves "Crea- mknt, the New Drama (after Pmero, Ibsen I re- tme", Ellls's key-word, carrymg the postulate of member attendmg the first performance of Ibsen Ethlcs as well as Esthetics, IS the word to save us mth Elhs and Olive Schrelner) , the new Internat- from the concept of llfe as mere puppetry-accom- ~onallsm,due to the vogue of Ibsen and the Scan- panled, however, as ~t strongly IS, by Promethean dmavlans, Tolstoy and the Itusslans, and the newer protest from all those who have any creatlve urge men of Germany and France, the lnvaslon of Mo- And wlth these Ell~sbelongs

Havelock Ellis

A Tribute to the Master from George Seibel

AVELOCK ELLIS IS more than a psycho- manlty IS really free He has a plercing sc~ent~fic H loglst, more than a llterary man he IS an vlslon and a lucid llterary style Others have seen apostle of the new spmt In sclence and art That as clearly, but have not been able to set forth as spmt IS the spmt of truth snd llberty All about clearly what they saw Others have had the glft of us are the anclent mh~bltlons,hke ghosts of the past, expression, but have lacked the plercmg eye and the shrouded In terr~fylngwords People fear these ac~dlntelllgence It IS thls that has made Have- words, and are afrald to transgress the taboos for lock Ellis a forces major prophet of man's march whlch they stand Havelock Ellls has been one of toward the promlsed land of tomorrow Look at those cho~cesplrits who have shown that these words hls p~cture--does ~tnot remmd you of the Sargent are merely sound, that behmd them IS nothmg but frieze? We had hlrn as one of the Seers and Savlors shadows, and that they cannot bar the way ~f hu- of the race! Bwth Control Rmew Havelock Ellis A Trlbute From Waldo Frank

F one's adm~rat~onfor Havelock Elhs 1s based taded comment There IS mtellectual herown m on true understandmg, the ~mpulseto pralse th~scareer I have felt ~t m all that I have read of h~mI 1s offset by one's reluctance to employ vague h~m I know nothmg of Mr Ebs's personal hfe, words m appreclatlon of such a man Only a com- and I do not refer to the rather common hero~smof plete mastery of Iswork can just~fybreakmg the any creator In our possessive age the hero~smthat sdence of one's respect for Havelock Ells And I makes a man gwe up the rmserable prms of success have no such mastery I have read a number of for the far greater guerdons of the spmt What I hls books, but I have not read all My experience refer to 1s a herolsm of a rarer sort a certam mex- of h~m1s of a man whose mmd 1s sens~tlveand Im- orable self-standard, a samt-llke test of one's own mense, whose spmt 1s almost femlnmely subtle and conv~ctlonsand sensat~ons,before any object This yet adventurous m measures vastly beyond the man's W~sdomwould have seemed sound to the petty spec~ahzatmnsof our age Havelock Ebs Rabb~sof the Talmud, hls Truth would have been 1s both a scholar and a poet each gft m hm has judged well-won by the severest adepts among the spurred the other on each has made the man suffer, Hmdus He has sought understandmg m psy- suffer creatively the fulfillment of both m a hfe chology, m pathology, m hterature, m rac~aland marvelously quck mth search and understandmg soclal problems, mth a rehgous spmt To every has made a hero Th~s1s probably the tra~tone has detad of hs mnumerable Interests he has brought a leas^ hes~tance m notmg, when one's ~mperfect wholeness of acceptance--whlch 1s to say a holmess knowledge of Havelock Ell~s'swork bars from de- of spmt He 1s a truly rehgous man

Speaking of the Conference

AM bemg constantly asked", sald Slr Bernard Nevertheless the services of those responsible for Mallet, the chairman of the conference, m h~s the plannmg and convenmg of the conference can- openmg"I address, "what are the preclse objects for not be overest~mated The problems of populahon whch ths conference has been called" Th~squery are extremely complex and mtlmately bound up was put forward not only by vlsltors, for many of wlth nat~onal,rehg.lous, and poht~calsentiment, the delegates themselves were ev~dentlyqute un- w~thraclal sympath~es and anhpathles, wrth a certam as to the eract alms and purposes of the strong emot~onalb~as To have been able to bnng gathermg Slr Bernard hunself caut~ouslyvent- together respresentatwes from a denor more na- ured to suggest that "a full hscusslon on purely t~onsfor the dehberatlon of a mulhtude of such sclentlfic lmes of the theones, facts and stahstlcs re- problems IS a noteworthy accomphhment m itself latmg to populat~onproblems mll lead to a greater To have had the debates take place on a hlgh men- lnternatlonal agreement" Undoubtedly a certam tlfic plane, w~thcomparatively httle rancor and mth amount of mternat~onalgood-mll has been engen- at least an apparent open-mmdedness was a he dered by the conference, and a basls la~dfor future example of the spmt of sclentlfic research, and a meetmgs and d~scuss~onsJudgmg, however, from tr~buteto the smcer~tyand the tad of the organ- the marked d~fferencesof opmon and vlewpomts lzers expressed by the representatives of the varlous nat- There are those who would say perhaps that the lonal~t~es,~t m11 requlre many, many more confer- apparent decorum and absence of hosthhes dunng ences for anythmg llke an mternat~onalagreement the meetmgs was due m no small part to the dlfii- regardmg the populahon problems of the world cultles of language The offic~allanguages of the February, 1988 49 conference were English and French All printed however, must be mentioned In this respect it per- material appeared in both languages, but during the formed almost the impossible For three days bio- sessions papers were read and discussions carried log~ts,economists, statisticians, sociologists, eugen- on In one language only, at times In English and at ~sts,physicians dellberated upon the problems of times in French dependmg upon the nationality and populaGon and yet during all ihese three days there learmng of the speaker The assumption was ap- was practically not a single open discussion about parently that all present would understand both Birth Control The questlon of Birth Control was English and French Unfortunately one could evidently taboo It was like a highly charged ob- readily observe that thls was not the case There ject which everyone tried to avoid and no one dared were many delegates who understood but one of to touch or handle for fear of a deadly explosion these tongues, and there were some who understood neither Under the circumstances the best one could "This 1s not to be a propaganda conference", do was to assume a silent and respectful attitude said the scientists, "but a dispassionate and scientific It is indeed difficult to become excited over a theory dellberation of the population question, hence Birth or proposition when it is expressed m a language Control advocates are officially not to participate in mth which one has but a passing acquaintance it" Granting and even approvmg this attitude, Doubtless the harmony would have been less per- one may still, however, honestly question why the existence of this mde-spread movement, and the fect if Esperant-the suggestion of one delegate- had been the common language used! effects that a more uversal application of contra- ceptive methods would have upon solving many It should be mentioned, however, that some of perplexing population problems should not have the difficulties caused by the differences of been fully, openly and even "dispassionately" dls- languages were compensated for by the "Journal" cussed at the sessions of a world population confer- The "Journal" was pubhshed daily during the con- ence ference period, and contamed the papers and dis- cusslons of the previous day together mth the pro- Control not Forgotten gram for the followmg sessions It was prmted in Byth English and in French, in two parallel columns, and was supphed to the delegates at theu hotels every Not that the relatlon of voluntary family Iimta- momg The "Journal" was quite an acheve- tion to the population question was not considered ment, and was made possible ent~relythrough the at all On the contrary, incidental allusions to the generosity and efforts of Mr Slee fact were made by many members "In France," An evaluation of the accomphshments of the adrmtted Lucien March, "for a considerable tlme congress cannot read~lybe made The results of and mthout any propaganda having been neces- such meetmgs are frequently too intangible to be sary, llrnitation of families has been general and it precisely defined Certainly, many theories and 1s a result of ratlonal forethought" "Not only Ger- viewpoints, often nationally cherished, were sub- many," sa~dProf Grotjahn, "but all peoples of jected to crit,wal analyses by men from other coun- western European culture, must take account of the tnes, many new avenues of approach to the popula- fact that they have entered upon the transition pe- tion problem were opened, the urgent need for more riod from the intensive to the rational type of re- data, statistics and facts regarding the world popu- production " "In Sweden", said Prof Silver- lation was clearly established, and a full discussion stolpe, "nowadays very few people look upon Birth of the subject has, as Albert Thomas of the Inter- Control as an evil, and nobody becomes really al- national Labor Bureau pomted out, "diminished armed when the statisticians tell us that with the hostility", and it has promoted a greater 'entente prevailmg rate of nativity, the population will with- cordiale' among the scientific workers in the fields in a comparatively short time show a state of stab- represented The most concrete result of the con- ilization " Among the eugenic measures mentioned ference was, of course, the organization of a perma- by Prof Haldane of England, "equal opportunity nent international comttee for the purpose of for famlly limtation in all classes" was mcluded watching developments, of promoting and encour- And the papers of Professors Fairchild and East aging research and of callmg future meetings The on Population even led one French delegate to ex- committee consists of a number of leading scientists claim excitedly "Quelque-chose, cependant, nous from several countries, and further progress toward manque a cette conference un buste de Ma1thus"- the realization of an "mternational agreement" lies there is somethmg that we miss at this conference- now mthin their hands a bust of Malthus 1 One other accomplishment of the conference, (Contmurd on page 59) Bzrth Control Revrew Margaret Sanger Comes to Berlin By AGNESSMLDLEY LTHOUGH Germanv 1s a land more natural where the subject of B~rthControl was d~scussed In ~tsatt~tude toward sex than England or w~thgreat frankness and serrousness She d~dnot Amenca,A as well as toward the varlous problems even have one evenrng free for a concert, a theatre, ar~ngout of sex, and although there are no laws or an opera Because of her health, only two agalnst contracept~vemethods, stdl Mrs Sanger's speakmg engagements had been arranged, the ch~ef vlslt to Berlm created a most remarkable st~r of wh~chwas a lecture under the ausplces of the There were people who, apparently blmded by then Assoc~at~onof German Med~calWomen, and the own knowledge, sald it was unnecessary to speak on second a general lecture before a jomt gathering of B~rthControl In Germany, for everyone knew all Chmese and Indm res~dentsIn Berlm Plans for about contractpt~vemethods, and these methods lectures before trade unlon women, and the Gen- could be bought In every drugg~stshop But a eral Women's Assoc~atlon,had been abandoned, but closer lnqu~ryshowed qu~tea d~fferentstate of af- after all ~t seems that these may just as well have fans been arranged, for she was not spared any In the Amazzng Abortzon Fzgures long run Her arr~valwas announced by a very ex- cellent ~nterv~ewIn the Berlzner Tageblatt, the lead- For ~nstance,the Zeztschnft fur Hygzene, some mg dally of Berlm, In wh~chshe told that she had months ago, contamed an art~cleby Dr Freuden- arrwed to lecture at the request of the German berg In wh~chstat~st~cs of abort~onwere gwen for Med~cdlWomen She also outlmed the pr~nc~ples the vears 1923-24 In Berlm Accord~ngto these of B~rthControl, and told of ~ts~mportance In com- stat~st~cs,out of 44,000 known pregnancies In Old bating the great em1 of abort~on The art~clewas Berlm, 23,000 resulted In abortions, about 20,000 entitled "Fewer-but Health~er-Ch~ldren", and d~dnot reach completion due to venereal d~seases, as we later learned, seems to have been read by anly only 1,000 were carr~edto full tnne Further- almost etery person Mrs Sanger met more, the Archzv fur Sozzale Hygzew und Demo- graphze wh~chnow l~esbefore me, gves statist~cs Medzcal Women's Welcome from 1913-24 for the c~tyof Madgeburg not far from Berl~n These figures show that abort~ons The Secretary and varlous members of the Asso- reached the amazmg total of 42 4 per cent These clat~onof German Medical Women ~mmed~ately only include the known abort~ons called upon her and welcomed her to the c~ty Thls If contraceptlve methods are Indeed so well Assoc~at~on,as~ts name ~mpl~es,cons~sts of pract~c- known In Germany, these figures are mexpllcable ing women physmans, pract~callyall of whom are And even ~f well known, we are just~fiedIn statmg advocates of B~rthControl, but who confine them- that they are not sc~ent~fic,and women become d~s- selves ch~eflyto glvlng contraceptlve methods only couraged w~ththew fa~lureand do not even use m the course of thew pract~ce Th~sAssoc~at~on them Furthermore, the success of Mrs Sanger's publ~shesa monthly journal wh~chhas led m the book, "Woman and the New Race," wh~chwas campaign aga~nstthe law makmg abort~ona crlme translated mto German last year, as well as the It 1s mterestmg that the ch~efstruggle In Germany success of almost every other book purportmg to has not up untd now been the unpartmg methods of gwe knowledge on th~sall-~mportant subject, shows prevent~on,but, ~nstead, agamst the Paragraph that German women are in serlous need of sc~ent~ficmakmg abort~ona crme knowledge It was to get some br~ef~dea of the Smce ~t 1s the woman only who pays mth lmprl- cond~t~onsand to see what the poss~b~l~t~eswere of sonment for abort~on,wh~le the man goes scott free, start~nga Blrth Control Cl~n~cthat Mrs Sanger th~smatter has become more or less a general wom- came to Germany an's fight The women who do support the law are Catholm who let the pr~estsdo then thlnk~ngfor Besezged by CdEers them, or the reactlonary women who themselves From the day she and Mr Slee, her husband, ar- have one or two or three chddren, but who demand rwed In Berlm on December lst, to the tune they that other women shall breed cont~nuouslvfor the left ten days later, Mrs Sanger was bes~egedfrom impenallst purposes of the State You do not find mormng unt~ln~ght by callers, letters from men women physmans In these classes As one of the and women physmans and sc~ent~sts,by telephone phys~c~anssa~d to Mrs Sanger "Even ~f we were calls, and by dinners or teas gwen In then honor opposed In every other way to B~rthControl, st111 February, 1928 51 on the grounds of health we would support you the med~ocr~tyIn publ~cand soc~all~fe today 1s to We are not blmd, we are not str~ckenstup~d, and be found In thls fact so we must see from our practlce the necessity of Bmth Control " The edltors of the monthly jour- Women to the Defenae nal of the Women Phys~c~ansAssoc~at~on ~mmedl- ately requested Mrs Sanger to wr~tea serles of art- But the honorable Professor had not yet resumed des on Blrth Control, gmng also the pract~calcon- hls seat when a number of women were on thew feet tracept~vemethods Durmg the present year these askmg for the floor A wh~te-hawed, energet~c wlll appear and ~t 1s hoped they wlll carry forward woman phys~c~ananswered h~m,gmng figure for the plan for regular B~rthControl cl~n~csunder the figure and fact for fact, basmg her statements not guldance of phys~cians only upon the r~ghtof a woman to be other than a breedmg machme for the church ofi state, but also Mrs Sanger's lecture under the ausplces of the upon her experlence as a pract~cmgphysman In Assoc~at~onwas held on the evenmg of December Berlm, and upon her recent tour of mvestlgat~on 6th In one of the rooms of the Town Hall of Char- through Sov~etRuss~a Another woman phys~c~an lottenburg-Berhn, and was attended not only by from North Berlln (the workers' sect~on)told of a women physlc~ans,but by men also, by nurses, mid- woman who had glven b~rthto seventeen ch~ldren, wives, econom~sts,lawyers, hyg~en~sts,professors, (not half of whom are llvmg) who came to her for and journal~sts The lecture was, as the officers of an abort~on The physman asked her why she came the Assoc~at~onlater remarked, an excellent one It when ~t was too late, why she had not come for pre- had been planned for a sclent~ficand med~calaudl- ventwe methods The woman answered that she ence One of Mrs Sanger's approaches to the sub- had been to three men phys~clansand they always ject was to show the evolut~onof methods of B~rth sa~d,"Why, a blg strong woman l~keyou should Control-from lnfant~c~deto abort~on,and now have a lot of ch~ldren!" from abortion to prevention She developed her subject from the v~ewpolntof health, mfant and Of the men speakers, there was but one, and he mother mortal~ty,the wastefulness and danger of an Ind~anphys~c~an, who defended B~rthControl, chanty, as well as the cultural, nat~onaland mdl- the others all speakmg from the v~ewpomtof the vldual s~gn~ficanceof Bxth Control State Not one seemed to have any concept1011of woman as created for any other purpose than breed- mg The debate developed mto pract~callya man- The Professor Opposes woman confl~ct,the Commun~st and Nat~onahst In the d~scuss~onwhlch followed, there was some women standmg together aga~nstthe men It 1s oppos~t~on,but much more ardent defense of her but far to state, however, that there were men m v~ewpomt Professor Grotjahn, for mstance, a hy- the aud~encewho d~dnot speak but who were ard- glen~st,sees the world In terms of Germany's num- ently applaudmg the women speakers and scoffing erlcnl greatness, and women as machmes for accom- at the men pllshing th~s He sa~dIn reahty, ~f not m words, All In all the lecture was a most valuable one for that, due to the poverty and d~stressruling In Ger- ~thas made B~rthControl a very lwe Issue today In many today, women would grasp at B~rthControl med~calclrcles Th~slecture 1s bound ot bear valu- mformat~onand that there should, therefore, not be able fru~tIn the future any publ~cpopagenda on th~ssubject today Of course 1 How mll the new German ~mper~allsmde- A Contraceptzve Sesszon mand Colon~es~f ~t does not have the excuse of a surplus populat~on? Prof Grotjahn made a des- Two evenlngs afterwards Mrs Sanger ~nv~teda perate effort not to make th~smatter so clear, not number of women phys~c~ansto her hotel, where to appear too reactronary before the women assem- she spoke agam and also demonstrated the pract~cal bled The result was a confused mass of contrad~c methods of contracept~on The phys~c~ansthen d~s- tlons wh~chhe tr~edto smear over w~thstat~st~cs and cussed the methods they themselves advocated m more stat~st~csIt was the effort of a professor who thew pract~ce They were espec~ally~nterested m has a pubhc pos~tlonand has to lwe up to ~tsome the experlence of the New York Clmcal Research way or another If any woman resorted to such Department, reports of wh~chMrs Sanger had had confus~onIn speech, she would be harshly judged translated mto German and d~str~buted from a real~st~cstandpomt But tradhon would The other B~rthControl lecture was a general have ~tthat a man 1s always worth l~stenmgto, and one on the pr~nc~plesmnvolved, delivered before a that one should l~stenanyway, ~t matters not what jomt meetlng of the Hmdusthan~Associat~on of he says or does not say One of the root causes of (Cont~nuedon page 54) Bzrth Control Renew Heartfelt Appreciation

The Mothers' Letters whtch we pnnt month after month, show the rmmense need for Bwth Con- trol and the urgent demand for at from oppressed and overburdened mothers Thw month we are grv- rng extract8 to show what Bsrth Control has actually accomplashed, In the words of pattents who have attended the Clrnacal Research Department an New York

Comzng Burdened They Leave Wzth Hope eyes, others shorn the color very much It u such a prty for them Another famzly have thew tenth baby The Many over-burdened mothers come for ald and instruc- father only gets about forty-five dollars a month, and the tion to the Cllnical Research Department When they two ddest garls are gotng away because they have not leave they feel that they have obtained at last the possl- enough money to keep them whzle they jiwh schod and bllity of so regulating them lives that they may gve the they say they can't bear the etmlbabres at home" children they have the best care and training possible, that they may at last work out a happy manta1 relation- ship and may contemplate the future with hope, rel~eved Grateful Testcrnony of the constant fear and worry caused by an ever-growlng family Those in ordinary circumstances need no longer Another patlent wntes after a longer Interval look forward to a continual lowering in their standard of Weare comrng on wonderfully roeU physwally and finan- hving as the famlly Increases, whde In the case of those crdly swe our famtly has rematned the same for three who are destitute and diseased ~t1s often the only con- years Wecan see laght ahead no-although we are stcU structive and hopeful thmg that can be done m debt I am more than thankfd for the help I recevued One of the purposes of this department 1s research on about two year* ago contraceptive methods and the obtaining of data relating to these methods For thls reason patients are requested A patient from New Jersey reports on another woman's to retuni at certam intervals At these v~sits~t 1s gratl- progress fying to hear of the rehef and the real happiness that have resulted from ohtaimng the knowledge of harmless, reh- My fnend Mrs -adwed me togo to you She her- able contraceptives Where patients lwe out of town and self has been to year Clwal Research Department and u cannot oome m for return consultation in person, ques- obtained advlce and she lookang fine and has garned m tionnaires are sent out, so that In all cases we may have wetght since unng rt accurate data Apart from the questionnaires, many let- ters of ~ppreclatloncome in from those who have visited A patlent's husband wntes from Pennsylvania this department The mformatm you gave us two years ago has been of more help to my mfe's health and happmess than I can. Birth Control a Blessing ever tell you One of our first letters was sent unsohcited to the Chn- ~calResearch Department by a young Canaman woman One young woman who had been marned two years, and She wrote immediately on her return home from New York whose husband earned only $35 per week, is handicapped by a heart murmur She had one baby, a year old, which So good of you all to be so kand to us, we all gzlst fell weighed only 20 lbs She had worned so much about her 1% love wth you I don't wonder that work done by baby and her own ~llness,that she had been extremely un- YOU pTOBpcTS happy ever since her child was born Two months before When I got home I found the Retwws, etc ,waatang for her vmt to th~sdepartment she became pregnant and it me, and have enjoyed them very much deed Nobody was necessary for her to have an abortion Dreading the would hve to go out of our Zattle viUage to hnow what repet~t~onof this expenence, she came to us A year later a blessing Barth Control zmll be to the world, a family pst she wntes a short ways from us the mother ts nz bed rmth her nmth baby, four -of them are dead and she has colored blood sn My marned lafe as happm by nat bnngmng swk chldren her Some of the cWren are very lght rmth blue mto thw world, and I am much healthref myself February, 1928 Banlshtng Fear termrnatlng a pregnancy that has already begun, is by makmg available to them safe and harmless contraceptive One woman came to the Clinrcal Research Department methods It has been unpressed upon my mrnd agaln and slck st heart-111, and worn from continual care of her agaln that when a woman feels that she has not the moral only chlld, aged 3 The youngster had a nervous ~llness, rrght to bring another chlld mto the world she will resort suffering convulsions dally and gwen up by every physl- to the most desperate method to avo~d~t Frequently the clan and clrnlc where she was seen This woman wrote to results of them attempts are indescnbably unfortunate us a year later Her chlld was stdl in the very same con- d~t~on,and she was still glvmg ~t constant care But her hfe 1s happier due to avoldrng the constant worry through "Freedom To Be Myself" thrs niethod Under present condrtzona am unable to bear For those women who w~sh,not only to be mothers, but ch:ldre.en, on accwnt of my own physscal condatcon and my also to devote themselves to their fullest development, for 3y! year old chdd who rs swk an bed gory on three years them own satlsfactlon as well as for the purpose of bemg Another patient, whose husband 1s a laborer earnlng better companrons and helpmates to thelr husbands and $20 weekly, and who had a bad pelvlc condltlon besides a more competent, lntelhgent mothers to them chlldren, very bad heart, has had two chlldren and a mlscarnage rn Blrth Control 1s the only solutlon her 6 years of marned hfe Although her age was only 33, Such a woman came to us after havmg two chrldren the doctor In her medical report, described her as “middle- mth the greatest difficulty m dehvery aged" She wrltes, a year after her first vlslt, that her She wanted these two and went down to the edge of the grave for them married llfe 1s happier But that was enough, and now she wntes that she 1s much happier slnce there 1s "no restraant, but peace of mrnd alt- Because 1 know I can rely on the contracept:ve pven me at your clcnac My youngest chald as 4 years old stead, excellent health, and ammensely happy home I fed thw knowledge had gwen me freedom to be myrelf-hap Thank God and thanks to your adI know I can prevent py, wefd and a fdlafe '" havlng any mrd chddren bemg brozlght wato the world to suffer hunger and cold kke we experienced dl loat uwn- ter I thought we wodd freeze to death Washrng you success tn your good work The Blessing of Contraception In every case the knowledge of the proper klnd of con- A Husband's @atztude traceptwe seems to make for a better, happler, more wholesome hfe, for healthier parents and chlldren, in One mqulry was answered by the husband of a young some cases for the prevention of passing on a hentage of woman who had several times resorted to abortlon as a dlsease to the conung generation It comes vltally close last desperate measure in her attempts to hmlt the famlly to the lives of the majonty of mamed people, and is fre- to the size they felt was compatible wlth them very hmlted quently the only solutlon in cases of 111 health or unhappi means and thew hopeless outlook for any change m them ness circumstances Added to th~s--or perhaps as a result of her unfortunate experiences-she had a marked pelvic These few examples taken from hundreds of grateful d~sorder After two years, durlng whlch they had profited test~monlalsgive some famt shadowmg of what B~rthCon- by the adnce they had so badly needed at the tune they trol means in terms of marned happiness It should be came to us, the husband wrote posslble for young marned people to get the best methods of Blrth Control, not when they are already broken down I thrnk at makes marraed ltfe happr became at elam* In health, but at the very outset of married hfe, so that nates the most worrisome problem that comes up an mar- they may avo~dthe tragedies shown in these letters from ned 1Be It takes away that fear that every man wath a mothers, and so that they may be ass~stedas much as pos- few chrldren has that the fact of lus rmfe not hamng any slble In worklng out them salvation more rs brmpq her nearer to the grave by convmcttzng Marnage at present 1s so comphcated and unsat~sfac- abortmn catmwualy tory a thmg In the working out that every posslble help should be even to those just entenng ~t Almost never do we come across a woman who does not passionately de- Abortion No Solution sire chlldren and look forward to the time when she can Regardmg a~ortlonswe have seen In the Chmcal have them, and ~t 1s more frequent than one ord~narily Research Department how women dread and detest thls thlnks that women dehberately plan for five and SIX eh~l- form of famdy llmltation It 1s a tragc human waste dren It 1s a natural lnstlnct that cannot die out Then But ~t becomes clear as one talks to countless women that let us help them, so that these bab~esthey want may come the only possible thing which wdl prevent thls practice of at a propltlous time, and mth the proper hentage Bzrth Control Revzew Central Europe and the Chmese Students' Assoc~a- ask for, but there are cases when they are refused t~on,on the evenlng of the 9th these-m other words when motherhood IS forced upon them even when they hate it Of the three Emznent Women zn Sympathy such centers in Berhn, two are, however, under the But apart from these pubhc gathermgs, Mrs management of the League for the Protection of Sanger d~dmuch valuable work in her personal con- Mothers, at the head of whlch IS Dr Helene Stock- tact mth the most actwe and important women in er In these two centers preventwe methods are Berlm The Pres~dentof the Assoc~at~onof Ger- gwen, often free of charge Connected with the man Medical Women-Dr Herm~oneEdenhuizen, other center - apart from the city physic~an (a a surgeon and women's specdist, and l~kemsean woman) In charge,-is Mrs Hamburger, whose ardent advocate of Birth Control - entertamed husband, Dr Carl Hamburger was the first Ger- Mrs Sanger and Mr Slee at a d~nner,Frau Adele man phys~cian,20 years ago, to pubhshed statistics Schre~ber,former member of the Re~chstag,who gathered from his own pract~ceas a school phy- had arranged for the translat~onof Mrs Sanger's sician, shomng that of the ch~ldrenborn to worklng book and wrote the introduct~onto it, gave an after- women, 50 per cent had dled by the age of 14 Up noon tea at which leadmg profess~onalwomen were to th~stune, these Marr~ageCenters have exammed present, among them members of the Reichstag, at- women for general health and sent them to spec~al- torneys, writers, social workers, and educators On ~stsfor treatment They adv~seaga~nst marnage every other evenmg and afternoon, dmners and teas In cases of diseases such as syphrlis, ep~lepsy,tubel- were grven by leadmg men and women In publ~c culos~s,etc But the record shows the real need to hfe, and it was mterestmg that over a dmner table be methods of preventmg conceptron every phase of the Birth Control movement was Evzdence for Bzrth Control discussed For instance, after the first lecture be- fore the Women physrcians, some 50 men and wom- In a general meet~ngof the last ment~onedcenter en gathered for a supper In the Ratskeller of the the day before th~swas wr~tten,there were 50 wom- Town Hall where for hours the discussion con- en present W~ththe except~onof three or four tinued questions concernmg the sex educat~onof their chd- Mrs Sanger found time to call In person upon dren, all the rest were requests for contracept~ve Dr Helene Lange, the mother of the German wom- information The Marr~ageAdv~ce Centers must an's movement, founder of the first h~ghschool for e~therdevelop mto B~rthControl clin~csor cease to girls in Germany, the veteran ploneer who gave up exist The record of the last-named one shows that all personal hfe that she m~ghtdedicate herself to durmg the last 6 months only 200 women have woman's ernanc~pation She IS today e~ghtyyears vis~ted~t There is nothmg more cyn~calthan well- of age, still ed~ts"Die Frau," the ch~efwoman's s~tuatedwomen or physic~answho have Blrtb Con- magazme, and is ~nc~dentally,an advocate of B~rth trol knowledge themselves refusing to give it to Control Mrs Sanger also called at the studio of women unless those women can prove that they wll the most noted of European women artists, Kaethe die if they have another chdd This IS not saymg Kollwitz, and when her new book appears it m11 be that the Center mentioned does this But in the ~llustratedby this great artist of the masses After movement for the spread of these Centers through- leaving the studio of Kaethe Kollw~tz,Mrs Sanger out Germany, B~rthControl knowledge as the fun- remarked that, had she seen no other person In damental r~ghtof every women must be recognized Germany than this wh~te-haired,calm, watchful as a principle Either th~s,or the abortion scourge art~st,her trip would have been r~chindeed wdl continue,-and mth just~ce Marnage Advzce Centers Leavmg Berl~non December llth, Mrs Sanger went to Frankfurt on the Main where she v~s~ted Apart from all these contacts, Mrs Sanger came Dr Herta R~ese'sMarr~age Adv~ce Center, wh~ch into contact with women actme m the Marr~ageAd- was estabhshed by the League for the Protect~onof vice Centers These are centers, established, so far, Motherb The Centel was crowded mth women, m seven d~fferentGerman c~t~es,in connect~on mth for Dr R~eseIS a lead~ngadvocate of Birth Con- the Departments of Health and Social Welfare of trol, and has but recently pubhshed a book "The the various ches They are not B~rthControl cen- Sexual D~stressof our Time" She is domg most ters, but are bureaus where marned women may fundamental work in her center in Frankfurt Al- consult the city phys~c~anin charge, or women so- though she herself dose not gwe prel entive method: c~alworkers, about them problems Sometimes In the center, she exammes women, gives cert~ficates women are even the Birth Control methods they (Cont~nutdon pagt 66) February, 1928 Book Reviews

SEX AND THE LOVE LIFE, by W~ll~amJ F~eldlng, years ago, ~tswlsdom st111 has a prophet~cval~d~ty The Dodd, Mead and Co , N Y Vanguard Press has done the publlc a service by mcludmg ~t In ~tsfifty-cent serles THE COMPANIONATE MARRIAGE, by Judge Ben B Upton Slncla~r'sbook 1s about all sorts of th~ngsbe- Lmdsey and Walnwrlght Evans Bon~and Llvenght, s~dessex, mcludlng Soclahsm, d~et,and psych~cphe- New York nomena In the matter of sex ~t represents an Intense #LOVE'S COMING OF AGE A Serles of Papers on the and ongmally benighted ldeallsm ~mperfectlyhberated Relatlon of the Sexes, by Edward Carpenter A Re- from its bonds by the Havelock Ellls Influence fully h- pnnt of The Vanguard Press, N Y berated at least wlthm the field of marned love, wlth re- gard to wh~chhe teaches eloquently a sane and c~vlllzed THF BOOK OF LIFE, by Upton Slnclalr Pubhshed by deal One could wlsh h~mmore tolerance outs~dethat Upton S~ncla~r,Long Beach, Cal field, hut wlthln ~the 1s an excellent adv~ser All of these books, ~tmay be noted, Include exphc~tly T 1s not strange that each of these books should, 1x1 ~tsour control of b~ologlcalforces-B~rth Control-as a I own way, bear the marks of Havelock ElLs, smce m the necessary means to good, free and beaut~fulhuman lwes years that have passed slnce he began the pubhcat~onof If th~saccidental group of books were more representa- his great senes of "Stud~esIn the Psychology of Sex" no twe of the penod, ~t would deal (wh~chonly Mr F~eld- open mmd has beeq left untouched by the hheratlng In- ~ng'sbook In a measure does) w~thsome of the Freudlan fluences of h~swork pnnc~pleswhlch we are findmg so useful In enablmg us to Wdham J F~eldlng's "Sex and the Love Llfe" 1s dedl- achleve our purposes, lncludlng those of happmess In love cated to Elhs, and 1s an amhltlous and very successful at- FLOYDDELL tempt to put In lucld form, for every day readers, the most important practical knowledge wh~chwe have gamed m the THE COMPANIONATE MARRIAGE, by Judge Ben B field of sex It would be dlficult to pralse thls book too Llndsey and Wamwnght Evans $3 00 Bon~& h~ghlyon ~tsown grounds, as a cand~dand useful text- Lwenght, 1927 book Those who cannot read everythmg on sex may well be recommended to read thls book of Fleld~ng's UDGE LINDSEY asks that we look the facts In the Judge Lmdsey's book on "The Companlonate Marn- J face He has abundant proof, gathered throughout age" has been w~delyd~scussed, and pubhc Interest has twenty-elght years of servlce In the Juven~leCourt of Den- been centered upon the fact that young people are now ver, that somethmg rad~calIS happemng, no, has happen- dellberntely marrylng wlth the Idea of enjoylng each other ed, to the lnst~tutlonof marnage Thousands of people In a sexual and romantlc compan~onsh~pfor a perlod of are hvlng m a new type of wedlock, some w~th~nthe law years-postponmg chddren by B~rthControl methods un- and some outslde The Soclolog~stshave recogn~zed~t for t11 they are prepared to support them Th~sfact, so years ln ~tslegal form They call lt "Comp1~1mteMar- shockmg to old-fashioned morahsts, 1s Indeed a revolu- nage," In d~st~nctlonfrom procreatlve marnage, wh~ch tlonary fact In human h~story Judge Lmdsey 1s one of they know as "The Famsly " The Companlonate In ~ts the few people who have had opportunlt~eswlde enough present form d~ffersfrom the Ideal only In the ~llegal~tyof to learn what 1s golng on generally In Amencan prwate ~tsusual sources of Birth Control mformat~onand In the bfe, and sympathy deep enough to Interpret ~t No-one-- use of collusion In dworce when the part~esto ~tfind they and particularly none of our story tellers-has understood are not gomg to be able "to make a go of ~t" The bills so well as he the great drlft of our urban clv~llrat~onunder necessary to maklng Companlonate a legal and safe pre- the ~nfluencesof the machme age It 1s an important con- llmlnary to procreat~vemarnage are three The first 1s tnbut~onto the study of adjustments In behavlor to our a blll legahzmg the gvmg of contraceptwe lnformatlon new environment that would leave the use of such mformatlon a matter of Edward Carpenter, Havelock-Elhs's fnend, pubhshed personal judgment and protect those who belleve m ~tfrom hls httle hook, "Love's Comng of Age" In 1906, a year "persecut~onby busybodies who are not content to abstam before Elh began the publlcatlon of h~smonumental ser from the use of Blrth Control themselves, and who ~ns~st les W~ththe lns~ghtof a poet, Carpenter plunged on folstlng the~rpersonal op~nlonson everybody else" stralght Into those conclusions towards wh~chEIhs forged The second IS a b~llto amend the laws relatmg to dworce so slowly and solldly It 1s a mse and beaut~fulbook-a Th~sb~ll would provlde that "where couples are ch~ldless, book for youth and for lovers-nor has ~t been surpassed and where the efforts of a magstrate to brmg about a In beauty slnce, and even in these Freud~andays when reconcilement have faded, and where the couple mutually our faith In human nature runs less hlgh than rt dld thlrty des~rea dworce, the dworce shall be granted mthout de- Bzrth Control Remere, lay'' Th~swould requlre no lawyer, any more than get- Judge L~ndsey's fa~thm the essent~aldecency of the tmg marned requlres a lawyer A th~rdb~ll would regu- human race and ~n ~tspower to better ~tselfIS most msplr- late the property status of d~vorce If a woman were In mg to a man brought up as I was In Phdadelph~a,where good health, and able to work, and to support herself, the old doctnnes of ongmal sln and natural deprav~ty there would ord~nardybe no ahmony have sunk so deep Into the thmkmg of even the best-mten- t~onedthat they tend to belleve the last word In govern- Here, In a few hnes, 1s a complete program for the legal estabhshment of what many advocates of Blrth Control ment was sa~dm 1787 and that war is ~nev~tahlePhdo- soph~callythe whole book 1s based on th~sfa~th and on the have hoped to see commonly pract~ced early marnage mth proper contraceptwe knowledge The name 1s a l~ttle bel~ef that, though "human bemgs are normally mono- gamous" the present "system of theologcal morahty" rep- starthng, perhaps, but ~t has defin~teadvert~smg value resents a program the churches themselves are unable to Compan~onateMarnage the words focus attent~on follow Judge L~ndseyrem~nds us of Jesus' attltude to- on the gve and take of mtell~gentcontemporary marnage, the bu~ldmgup of a sound, thoroughly worked out com- ward certaln formallzed rules of Jemsh l~fe Havelock pan~onsh~pcapable of provldmg the broad bases necessary Ell~shas recently used th~spassage In statmg the essence for the proper growth of a fam~ly As Judge Lmdsey of Judge Llndsey7s pos~t~on''I am In general sympathy w~thyour 'Companlonate Marnage' Noth~ngcould be puts ~t "The d~vorcestruggle 1s only partly won It con- more reasonable or more moderate, and ~t IS absurd to sup- hues as a struggle to g1ve to every chdd the r~ghtto be pose there 1s anythmg revolut~onaryor mmoral In the wanted when ~t 1s conce~ved,the r~ghtto be well-born, of healthy parents who love each other, and the r~ghtto a proposal On the contrary, I do not know who 1s today domg better work as a morahst than you are home so well founded beforehand that dworce 1s not hkely You are to touch ~t" And agam "The really proper and moral saymg about marrlage exactly the same th~ngsas Jesus ground for dlvorce 1s the fact that the part~esto the mar- sa~dabout the Sabbath-that marnage IS made for man and not man for marrlage" nage have already been tom apart sp~r~tually" HUDSONCHAPMAN The present status and recent h~storyof B~rthControl are conc~selygven, together mth a number of pertment suggest~onsto those In need of help and to those des~nng WHAT EVERY BOY AND GIRL SHOULD KNOW,* to help, espec~allythe desmahhty of gettmg m touch tells to young people, cand~dly,cleanly, sc~ent~ficallyand w~ththe Amencan Birth Control League The adequacy ~mpersonallyand w~thno shamed lowenng of the volce, of recent methods perfected at the New York chn~cIS what sclence bas to say about sex hfe and sex conduct stressed, as well as the very mportant fact that the new There IS nothmg furtwe or apologet~cabout ~t There techn~queputs the date of the next pregnancy In the hands IS, on the contrary, defin~teand aggressive d~ssentIn th~s of the woman, where ~t most assuredly belongs These book from the trad~t~onalnot~on that Sex IS synonomous few pages (page 237 to page 242) w~llbe read w~ththe mth sln, shame, and prunence utmost eagerness by those unfortunates who may stdl he The book 1s a splend~dlyconstruct~ve effort to show the harassed by thew real~zat~onof the madequacy of dmg- beauty and joy wh~chsex may brmg mto the hves of per- store and hearsay contracept~on Even those most fa- sons who nghtly understand ~t and control ~t,and who m~harw~th the progress made In the last five years may ne~therfear ~t nor blush when they encounter ~t I hke well read and reread these pages, for they are a model the way In wh~chMrs Sanger has treated the problems of of conciseness that m~ghthelp them In the many clrcum- boys and grls together ~n a angle book, thus gmng to stances where the subject must be presented rap~dlyor each a needed lns~ghtInto the nature of each other It not at all used to be the fash~onto treat the two sexes m separate volumes, part~cularlyIn books Intended for the eyes of the In vlew of the we~ghtattached to author~tyby some of Th~sIS a great step forward the opponents of B~rthControl, I want to quote the fol- young people lowmg, for ~twould be hard to find a greater author~tyon The book mll glve to young people who read ~t a clear the matter than Judge Lmdsey ''I should hke some of vlew of certa~nreaht~es They mll come by the knowledge these morahsts to demonstrate 1x1 what respect unwanted w~thno sense of shock or repuls~on The facts are pre- pregnancies Improve the morals of the s~tuat~onThe lack sented as facts, mthout morahz~ngpreachments attached of contraceptwe mformat~ondoes not act as a restrarnt And my own experience mth young people leads me to on the unmsmed (Itahcs mme) ,~t merely results m a kmd belleve that, Even the data that they need, they m11, of of trouble wh~chhelps nobody and does no good Illeg~tr them own accord, shape thew sex conduct by an Inner pref- macy, soc~ald~sgrace, abort~on, and even su~c~de,are erence for what IS excellent, r~ght,and beaut~fulIn Love among the fru~tsof such Ignorance " Thls destroys the Th~sbook w~llgwe to young people a sense of perspec- maln argument of the oppos~t~on,that contracept~onal- tme m Sex, not only when they are entenng adolescence, lowed for the marned would be learned and abused by the unmarr~ed but later when they are face to face mth love and mam- than one of them laugh ~n amazement at the pmdshness age And ~tdoes more than tell what every boy and prl of th~smternat~onal authonty And ~twas pure laughter should know, ~ttells also what thousands of adults should Has cumbrous clothmg been d~seardedthese many years to know, and don't find &elf swathmg the dscuss~onsof sexual hberat~on? Dr Stopes knows her sclence, but she does not know her Mrs Sanger has put her own fine personahty mto every young men and women Someth~ngof the very order that page, wh~chmeans that she has wntten mth del~cateclar- she would d~spelclmgs to her memory and makes a tmk- ~ty,candor, and smcenty Parents need feel no mlsgv- lugs In tmstmg thew ch~ldrento Mrs Sanger's hands for l~ngnolse hke pnde She IS, on the ev~denceof her book the d~fficultkmd of ~nstruet~onshe has here essayed to for young people, st111 eombatmg the grl she was As pve a result, what should have been a calm, sc~ent~fictreat~se BEN has become muddled w~thold-fash~oned morahty, self-con- B LINDSEY gratulat~on,~nsular patnotism and a few other qualit~es that hardly belong in the pages of a treat~seon sex Sex and The Ymg,~ndeed, 1s a personal document of more SEX AND THE YOUNG By Mane Camehael than ord~nary~nterest Stopes, Sc D New York and London, G P Put- To wnte on sex without apology, w~thoutself-eonse~ous- nam's Sons, 1926 248 pages, 121110 Cloth, $2 00 ness, without that alr of eondescens~onwhich so 111 becomes the d~st~ngu~shedforelper, is a difficult art Dr Stopes THE HUMAN BODY By Dr Mame Stopes Pr~ee, has not mastered ~t 6/6 The G~llPuhhshing Co ,Ltd ,London ISAACGOLDBERG

HE cause of sexual enl~ghtenment1s deeply mdehtcd T to Dr Mane Carm~chaelStopes In general out- look she is sane, constructive, progresswe It is, then, Books Received mth a proper sense of that ~ndebtednessthat one may p~ck up her two latest books and cons~derthem, not sd much A SHORTHISTORY OF WOME~,by John Langdon-Da- mth reference to them general~t~esas to them part~culars v~es Viking Press New York $3 00 ForDr Stopes's mannerundoubtedly does much to destroy DAYBREAK,by Arthur Schn~tzler,Simon and Schuster thq mfluence of her matter Th~sappears espee~allyIn New York $1 50 her book on the sexual educatron of the young,-a process, HERED~TYA~D HUMAA AFFAIRS, by Eclward M East by the way, In whxch she seems to beheve somewhat unwd- Charles Scnbnerb Sons New York $3 50 mgly One hardly cred~tsthe test~monyof one's eyes on STANDI~GROOM OALY, by Edward Alsworth Ross The reading that the author-w~th her own subsequent ap- Century Company New Pork $3 00 proval, as it were--never knew about self-abuse unt~lshe THEWILL TO LOVE,by George Bedborough The Uni- was twenty-rime' What confidence are we to feel In a doe- corn Press New York 25c tor of selenee who was so unobservant for so many years? A SHORTCOURSE I\ LOVECULTURE, Comp~led by the And how are we to recewe mthout inner laughter the L C Center The Un~cornPress New York 25e senous not~onthat between mother and mfant ex~stsa THREEWIVES, by Beatnee Kean Seymour Alfred A strange telepathy wh~chtransmits to the bram of the In- Knopf New York $2 50 fant the thoughts and feelmgs of the parent? Dr Stopes, AN ULMARRIEDFATHER, by Floyd Dell George H In all soberness, advances th~sdubrous discovery as a warn- Doran New York mg to mothers aga~nstread~ng erot~e l~terature In too PUBLICHEALTH PROGRESS AND RACEPROGRESS-ARE close prox~nutyto them helpless offsprmg THEYCOMPATIBLE? By H S Jennings, M D TO The learned lady IS too Br~t~sh,to Victorian, one m~ght ITIS BETTEB TELL,by Kathleen Coyle E P Dut- ton & Company New York say Her confidence In the superiority of the English, aq contrasted mth the Amencan gd, 1s affeet~ng,hut not ANIMALECOLOGY, by Charles Elton The Macmillan convlncmg For one mth such liberal views In sexology Company New York she wntes In a style that can only-be desenbed as long- POEMS,by Da~sySan~al G~ll Harold Vinal, Ltd New sk~rtedand h~gh-corseted They do not order thcse things York better ~n England, ~f Dr Stopes 1s to be taken as the WASDEN EINWANDERERIN DEN VEREINIGTENSTAATEN entenon But fortunately, there 1s Havelock Ell~s ERWARTET, eme Aufklarungsschr~ft, von Hans Mayer- In the book on sex for the young, ~t IS to be feared, Daxlenden Verlegt von A Strueber New York 20c the dotoresaa has not caught up mth the pure young TORD DISK STATISLISKLIDSKRIFT, Band 6, Heft, 2-3 1927 lades for whom she wrote My own ears have heard more BULLETININTER~ATIO~AL DE LA PROTECTION DE - L'ENFANCE .Judre Liodsers mmrnent has been inserted as a preface in the I& pnnt Ins or Mra SaWeI s bmL THELANTERN (a magazine) Boston 58 Bzrth Control Reveew Marriage in the Present and the Future

In the January Forum, Havelock EUts makes a notable and each, we must expect to find, equally hedged w~thpre- contnbotton to the much-dtscussed problem of the cheng- caut~ons zng status of marrzage and the mmement towards freer dcvorce In rt he crttscazes, wth sympathy and wmght, "But whde we have no cho~cebut to accept the move- the great work of Westermarck, the more recent "Book of ment for the fac~l~tat~onof d~vorc-smce even ~f ~t fads Marmge" of Keyserbng and the remarkable eontnbutwns to arouse our enthus~asmwe see ~t everywhere In movement of Ben Lmdsey In addstton, he gtves some of hts own npe --that does not mean that there 1s anythmg about &- wdm Every word of hw 8,000 word artwle w worth vorce wh~chwe are called upon to welcome Dworce IS careful readEng Here we can do no more than grve a merely a negatwe aspect of marnage, at best ~t 1s a con- taste of cts qualaty +n a few qwtatcons fess~onof fallure Two people who have jomed themselves together w~ththe assumpt~onthat the unlon 1s to be for "Two outstand~n~facts remam clear there has been hfe, find that they have made a m~stake everywhere and always, so far back as we can w~thcer- ta~ntygo, some accepted pattern whereby the relat~onsh~p "Men and women In marnage are beg~nnmgto realne of the sexes has been more or less closely shaped, and that that we are passlng out of the stage where marnage was pattern has everywhere and always been m slow process founded on a fict~on They are fac~ngthe facts of jeal- of change These two facts are s~gn~ficantand of real ousy for what they are really In the long run worth, and pract~calmportance They reheve us from any need they are no longer terr~fiedeven at the bogey of adultery, to worry over the anx~et~esof those feeble folk who are when ~t can be v~ewedfrom the standpo~ntof two part- always fearmg a 'loosen~ng of the marnage bond,' and ners who are un~tedIn an erot~ccomradesh~p wh~ch noth- they enable us to understand that the people who talk Ing can destroy because ~t IS based on the equal~tyand about the 'underm~nmg' of marnage and the 'subvers~on' mdependence of each and an att~tudeof mutual smcenty of morals are merely referrmg In them own quamt way to For In the absence of s~ncer~tyno true marnage, In any that everlastmg process of change-of'progress' ~f we l~ke modern sense of the word, can ex~st,and w~th~t all the ad- so to term ~t-m wh~chl~fe cons~sts and w~thoutwh~ch we justments In marnage wh~chthe complex~t~esof l~feto- should be left w~thaoth~ng but the ngrd~tyof death day demand may be adequately ach~eved

"When that 1s clear at the outset we become free to con- "The mod~ficat~onsthat are now takmg place In the srder the transformat~onsof marnage whrch now, as al- form of marnage have been rendered possrble by a ways, face us, w~tha serene mmd, know~ngthat we are new att~tudetoward the whole subject of sex The tabu not puttmg forward any foohsh,rad~calnot~ons,but cl~ng- on sex wh~chhad been handed down from med~evaldays- mg to the old conservat~vehah~t of change wh~chhas and mdeed had ~tsongrn In the ~deasof pnm~t~vesav- marked the human race from the early days of the world's agery-has been broken Those whose memones extend history when Man could yet scarcely w~thaccuracy be th~rtyyears back can recall how at that tme ~twas almost termed Man But what 1s the pattern of marrlage as ~tIS ~mposs~blefor the young, whether boy or grrl, to obtam now bemg reshaped, and now begrnnmg to serve as the any rel~able~nformat~on on questions of sex from parents model for hvmg? or teachers, or to find any book (unless we except the B~ble)which satdied thew natural cunos~ty "No doubt a general answer would be that to-day we are trymg to make rnarnage correspond more closely to "To-day the s~tuatlonhas totally changed The young the actual facts of hfe by lncreasmg the fac~htyof &- of to-day are calm In the presence of l~febecause they are vorce, so that manta1 unlons shall be real and not merely no longer tormented by ~tsembarrass~n~ mystenes Th~s apparent Th~sd~vorce movement 1s pract~callyumver- does not mean that the great, tragrc facts of love have sal, and we must certamly accept ~t We need not be been abol~shed,for they he at the roots of hfe ~tself But surpr~sedeven ~f ~t IS carned to ~tslogcal extreme, as it at all events they can be faced honestly and mth clear probably w~llbe, sooner or later If marrlage unlons are eyes They need no longer be obscured by romant~cfic- made by mutual agreement we have to recogmze that they tions and sdly superst~t~ons For the first hme m w~llbe unmade by mutual agreement Soc~etyand the law our ctv~l~zat~onth~s problem of marnage IS bemg reso- have a proper funct~onIn takmg care that, when they are lutely confronted and firmly grasped mth a new confi- unmade, no r~ghtsshall be lnjured W~ththat provlslon dence of mastery, and the day of hypocntlcal evaslons 1s firmly establ~shedwe may expect that ult~mately,even over " though not m the ~mmed~atefuture, rnarnage and &- vorce w~llbe placed on the same level, each equally free, (Reprinted by the courtesy of the Edaor, from Thc Forum ) SPEAKING OF THE CONFERENCE those of Dr Pearl on "The Biology of Population (Contmurd from page 49) Growth", of Dr Lidbetter on "Herehty, Dlsease But there really was no need for a bust of Mal- and Paupensm,'' and particularly the one of Dr thus The spmt of Malthusianism was well repre- Crew on "Fertility and Sterihty m Relation to sented at the conference by a number of pioneers Population " of the Neo-Malthus~anand Birth Control move- To the physician, the problems of population of ments from many countries The population ques- greatest mterest are those which concern the m- tion 1s an integral part of the Birth Control idea, divldual fady Questions of world and national and necessarily many proponents of the movement population, of the relation of the population to the came to the conference elther as delegates or as food supply, standard of hvmg, mternational con- visitors There were Dr Drysdale of London, the fbcts and the like must be left to the soc~ologist,eco- president of the English Neo-Malthusian League, normst and statesman, but the problems of over- Dr Aletta Jacobs of Holland, a leader on medical population, or under-population m the famly are contraception, but unfortunately too 111 much of the subjects mth which the physician comes m dally time to attend the sessions, the kindly and genial contact, and whch he is constantly called upon to Mrs Furth from Frankfurt, an able exponent of solve "Medlcme", as Dr Crew said, "is concerned the right of voluntary motherhood in Germany, the not so much mth the policy of controlled fertility as fiery Mrs Thit Jensen of Sweden, a journahst and with the means by which it is to be achieved, if it 1s orator of great vitality necessary or deslrable " Margaret Sanger It 1s to be hoped that future conferences on pop- ulation will take the medical aspect of the question Then there was Margaret Sanger Everyone more fully mto account and that the subjects of fer- knew that, directly or mdwectly, the conference was tility, sterhty and particularly of medical contra- the result of Mrs Sanger's untirmg efforts, that ceptlon wdl find a fuller representation on the pro- hers was the guiding hand and leading splrit of the congress Yet, in order to avold threatened dlffi- gram culties and msunderstandmgs, she chose to keep the problems of Birth Control out of the topics of the conference Though present at every sesslon, she kept away from active participation in any of STANDING ROOM ONLY the meetings, and even avoided havmg her name in- serted in the official program Certainly a magnifi- "With the world capable of supporting only five bllhon cent example of unselfish devotion to a cause of people, whlch at the present rate of lncrease m11 be The profound regard m which Mrs Sanger is reached IU 100 years' time, steps must be taken ~mmed- held was strikingly demonstrated durmg the final ately to solve the population question "-Pao~rsso~EAST, dlnner of the conference Perhaps ths demonstra- Haruard Uwerarty tlon was also m the way of a tribute to the Birth Control idea and an escape from the conscious sup- Professor East, though you may try, pressions of the precedmg days At any rate, when You fail to rouse my fears, Mrs Sanger's name was mentloned by one of the For I don't dream that even I speakers, there was an unexpected and spontaneous Wlll hve a hundred years, outburst of applause whlch soon grew mto an ova- But do not thlnk I mew wlth mirth tion The English delegates includmg such emi- Five b~ll~onfolk (assorted) nent scientists as Haldane, Huxley, Crew, Carr- Flve bill~onstightly packed on earth, Saunders, forgot their natural and reputed reserve Who cannot be supported and dignity and broke mto the famliar Anglo- Saxon "hymn", "For She's a Jolly Good Fellow " L&e sardlnes ~na st151ngt~n, The only ones who retamed their composure were W~thnot enough to eat, several of the French and Italian members who evi- Ie no$ a thlng to raise a gnu dently were listening to this 'Sanger-Bund' with From me, sir, I repeat, much apprehension And if you say that's mankmd'u lot, Professor, I don't doubt ~t. Dr Pearl But do-oh do,-slr, tell us what From a blologcal and medical standpoint the You mean to do about ~t papers of greatest interest at the conference were -From South Afncan Raw (Cape Town) Bwth Cmtrol Bernero Another Year of Progress The Annual Meetlng of the Amerlcan Blrth Control League most vlvid paper at the seventh Annual Work of the League THEMeetmg of the American Birth Control Turrung from international to national consid- League, at the Town Hall, January 12th, was eration, Mrs F Robertson Jones called for the very Dr Henry Pratt Fairchild's report on the encouraging financial report of 1927, and then for World Population Conference To Dr Fair- the report of the year's Vork of the League whch child, whose paper on Optimum Population repre- was gven by Mrs P B P Huse, executive secre- sented the sociologist's point of view, the keynote of tary Mrs Huse gave the record of legdative the conference was its firm biological basis Pic- work, work in the field and work on the platform turesquely expressed, the head of Dr Raymond She reported encouraging increases m annual mem- Pearl surrounded by his population of frult fbes berships, a form of contribution mtituted only shown m the cartoon, "Vlve le Bebe* was to hlm elghteen months ago synoptic of the conference Of the climcal work Mrs Nuse reported 4,521 Dr Pearl's paper opened the sessions, Dr Pearl women helped and an augmented staff of doctors preslded at the difficultfinalmeetmgwhen the perm- givmg voluntary service at the Chcal Research anent Umon was orgamed The sessions between Department Dr Hannah M Stone is now chief were permeated mth hls pomt of view The bio- of staff there and Dr Cooper 1s medical director, logsts suppl~edirrefutable evidence of the tyranny spending part of his time in the field and part in of biolog~calfacts unless they are subjected to the the department During the year Dr S Adolphus rule of reason, and apphed ths evidence to human Knopf gave a donation of one thousand reprlnts of population problems Representatives of other hls article "Birth Control, as it confronts the Med- sciences owe gratitude for the firm scientific basis ical Societies Today" (from "Clinical Med~cmeand glven to the Uruon whch was the permanent out- Surgery") This was used in connection with Dr come of the sessions and justified Dr Fairchild in Cooper's field work saying that though the Conference was short "its A begimng was made in cahgthe attention of influence is only just starting " rmnisters to Blrth Control as a subject for a ser- Another hgh note, stressed by Dr Fairch~ld, mon on Mothers Day This should be done on was the "incomparable work" of orgamzation done Child Labor Sunday also by Maygaret Sanger and its recoption m the Between eight or nine thousand letters were re- spontaneous ovation given her at the final dmner ceived last year by the Motherhood Department, of Her ability was shown at the sessions, at which, by whch Bertha Potter Smith is head The depart- limting the number of papers and by pmtmg and ment is much encouraged by the fact that last year distributmg them to delegates beforehand, maxi- "we daily received mquiries from women who re- mum tune was left for very valuable d~scusslon quested to be referred to physicians or climcs for Before the sessions, her influence was also felt and help mtead of vaguely asking for advice" In the it was her personality that brought scientists from Motherhood Department as m all other activ~tiesof so many countries together in so short a time The the League, Mrs Smith reported that "our mail is s mnter before, a great London professor had said, regular barometer for every outside reference to "You are talking about an international conference Blrth Control" Judge Lmdsey's book is the latest m - ,gust and now it's February It sunply can't example, it has already brought m over three hun- be done" On this ground he refused to serve on dred mqulries and they are still cow The De- the council But the Conference did take place at partment has now almost nme thousand physicians the tme proposed on its hst Though Birth Control was excluded, it appeared It could not help appearing A notable reference The Bcrth Control Remew was by Dr Grotjahn of Germany who looked for- The report on the BIRTH CONTROLREVIEW ward to the time when control of pregnancy would brought out the lncreasmg use of material from its bring about the complete cleansmg sanity of sexual pages by wnters, students and lecturers and the hfe, as well as servmg as an invaluable ald to health keen mterest m its subject matter that is shown by -and eugemcs disproportionately large returns from advertismg 'See November Bzms CONTBDLREVIEW psge 991 We far from the seem and circularization These are far beyond the per- of the Conference erred In our lnterpretatlon of thls eartmn The baby In not the healthy human chlld of the future It the infant Union lor the centage of subscriptions obtained by other maga- mdy of population whleh waa set on foot at the laet meetlw of the mn ferena mes Ths report emphasized also the mportsnce February, 1928 of street sales wh~chwas m 1927 9,485-th~s pomt unlon where the law hampers the glving of B~rth was dr~venhome by the comments of Mrs Robert- Control mformation son Jones and Mrs Huse on what street sellmg "Probably some of you wonder," sa~dMrs Jones, means to the movement both nat~onallyand ~nter- in conclus~on,' why the League has not made more nationally rapid progress In organizing state cornm~tteesfor Mrs Mmn~eBenjamm, who has been m contact B~rthControl mth the mothers at the East S~deBranch where "It IS because people have contributed more gen- Better Baby contests have been held, told of the erously to old-fash~onedchanties, "the menders and eagerness with which Mothers Clubs heard her patchers-up of society," as Albert Edward Wig- message, whlch she gave In Yiddish Mrs Juliet gam calls them, than to our sc~ent~ficconstruct~ve Rublee, member of the Board of Directors, fol- work They have, m general, preferred to gve for lowed Mrs Benjamin's report w~than appeal to the alleviation of social 111s rather than for the pre- the younger women in the League to ralse funds for vention of these 111s It has, m the past, always been a branch of the Clmcal Research Department at easler to interest people in the rehabil~tationof In- the East Side center dustr~alcripples than in the enactment of measures to prevent the acc~dentsthat make the cripples, m New Jersey and Pennsylvanza malntamng rescue homes for g~rls,than m safe- guardmg the dance halls where girls get mto trou- The substance of the report by Mrs Zachariah ble, In carlng for superfluous chddren In asylums, Belcher, President of the New Jersey League, has then in teachmg parents how to lim~tthe~r ch~ldren been given In recent numbers of the BIRTH CON- to those they can care for themselves TROL REVIEW what was new was her announce- "Philanthropy has, mdeed, up to the present lag- ment that a full med~calcomm~ttee has been selected ged far behmd sclence It has stumbled along and the New Jersey chnic IS now a certa~nty She blmdly In the paths of habit and sentment But a gave a tr~buteto the work of Henr~etteHart, State change seems to be comlng about Philanthropy IS Secretary, who, "without public~ty,with no state beginnmg to seek the guidance of sclence It IS ask- organlzalon or group behmd her, no moral or finan- ing, "How may disease and destitut~onbe perma- c~alass~stance from New Jersey c~tmens,succeeded nently reduced? How may the foundation be la~d m holdmg slxty parlor meetlngs and in so far rous- for a stronger and happler race?" Sclence answers, mg New Jersey from its sleep as to make a state "By birth-select~on,by having the children of the climc possible " future born to those who are physically and men- Dr Mudd presented the report of the first year's tally and morally sound " work of the B~rthControl Federation m Pennsyl- vanla,* where elghteen months ago Elwabeth Grew "Julian Huxley, the Engl~shb~ologist, speaks of d~dploneer work of the same sort as Miss Hart's B~rthControl as the "sacred Promethean gift, by Mrs George H Day, ~tspres~dent, presented the wh~chman, if he w~ll,can control h~sdest~ny " The report for Connecticut, laying stress on the near- League IS workmg to bnng th~s"sacred Prome- success of the bdl wh~chthe League had presented thean g~ft"to the Amencan people How qu~ckly to the Connect~cutLeg~slature for the repeal of the we can brmg ~tto them depends upon whether those law-unique In Amencan legislation-which pro- who bnve ~t In thew power to glve, w~lllet sclence h~b~tsthe use of contraceptwes rather than sent~mentd~rect then gmng " A Resolutzon Lookzng Forward The followmg resolut~on*was passed In behalf Mrs Robertson Jones then made a general state- of Ind~a ment of th~syear's plans The first of these IS to Whereas, the mlsery of the people of India has re- concentrate on the New York State Legslatme cently been placed before the world, and Campa~gn,"Every member of the League m N Y State," she urged, "can help w~thth~s legslatwe Whereas, the suffenng of her women and children work Wrae or teleg~aphor call on your assem- and many of her social ills are due largely to her un- blyman and your state senator If you don't know restricted b~rthrate and resulting over-population, who they are, call up the League of Women Voters Be ~t resolved that the Amencan Birth Control (Lexmngton 2610) " Apart from th~slegslatwe League at its annual meeting send a message of en- work, the League hopes, as qu~cklyas funds can be couragement to the Bombay Birth Control League and raised-for each state m11 cost at least $400 a urge the Leaders of India to rally to the support of this constructive effort -month-to put an organizer mto every state m the - This also has been covered In recent numbers of the Bmra Commo~Rzv~sw .Copies to be sent to the Bombay League Taxore and Candhl Bzrth Control Revzew

Margaret Sanger, Dr Benjamin T Tilton, Mrs Sm~th,N Y , Mrs W 0 Winston, Jr, Minn , Mrs G Lewls L Delafield, Mrs Richard Billngs, and Mrs Marshall Allen, N J , Mrs Willard V Kmg, N J , Mrs George H Day, Sr , directors, whose terms had ex- Edward B Renwlck, N J , Dr Sherwood Eddy, N Y , pired were re-elected The following were elected Mrs Douglas Burden, N Y , Mrs John Gary Evans, S to Active Membersh~pIn the League C , Walter H Hochschdd, N Y Mrs James Ingles, Mrs Phhp G Bartlet, N Y , Mrs G~lbertG Browne, M~ch, Mrs Fredenck C Knote, N Y , Joseph Lee, N Y , Seward B Colllns, Conn , Mrs LOUISN Robin- Mass , Mrs Wllharn H Reld, N Y . Prof E A Ross, son, Penn ,Mrs John Mean Howells, N Y , Mrs John A Wlsc ,Mrs Tabert Sears, N Y , Mrs Vanderbilt Webb, Klngsbury, IrS Y , Mrs Alfred Kohlberg, N Y , MISS N Y ,Mrs W K Vanderbdt, N Y ,Mrs Zachanah Bel- Ratherme Ludmgton, Conn , Mrs Wm Church Osborn, cher, N J , Mrs Harns E Adnance, N J , Mrs Percy N Y ,Mrs Franklin D Roosevelt, N Y , Mrs WarrenW H Ingalls, N J Progress Abroad A Letter from England N OUTLINE received through the Hon to Birth Control here that knowledge of thls sub- A Mrs Marjorie Farrer of London gives an in- ject could best be communicated to the general pub- terestlng survey of the progress of Blrth Control In lic through the medlcal officers of these Centres England It has been necessary to edit the letter In May, 1924, a petltion was presented to the Mm- severely, as the author Dr C P Blacker does not ~sterof Health requestmg him to give permission reahze the ban on free speech unposed In this coun- to medlcal officers of these Centres to give advlce try, and descriptions of methods of Birth Control on Blrth Control at their d~scretion The same plea are freely printed and mailed In Great Brltaln was made by a Labor member in the House of Com- With these regrettable deletions the letter follows mons in 1925 when the mot~onwas defeated, and m 1926 by Lord Buckmaster In the House of Lords An Internutzonul Commzttee where it was carried by 57 votes to 44 The reply In the course of the Conference on World Pop- of the Mlnlstry of Health to all such demands has ulation whlch sat at Geneva at the begnning of been to refer to a regulation dealing wlth the func- September, there took place an mformal meetmg tlons of the Maternlty and Child Welfare Centres of medical representatives of different countrles The regulation 1s as follows -"It 1s not the func- Interested m Birth Control By these representa- tion of an ante-natal Centre to give advice wlth re- tives it was declded to form an International Com- gard to Blrth Control, and exceptional cases, where mittee composed exclusively of medical men and the avoidance of pregnancy seems desirable on med- women wth the objects (a) of co-ordinating blo- ical grounds, should be referred for particular ad- chemical, physiological and statlstlcal research vice to a prlvate practitioner or hospital" The forthcoming from the different countrles of the lMinlstry of Health 1s also influenced by the con- world and bearlng upon contraception, and (b) of sideration that the ante-natal and child welfare disseminating this knowledge so as to make it avad- Centres, whose work 1s hlghly valued, are largely able to all countrles staffed by voluntary workers of different religous There were present at the meetlng in Geneva rep- denomlnatlons These workers, whlle united by a resentatives of five countrles, namely Denmark, deslre to help the causes of matermty and chdd Germany, Great Brltaln, Sweden and the United welfare, are far from umted as to the social and States of Amerlca It is hoped to expand thls moral deslrabllrty of Blrth Control If the Mm- committee to Include as many countrles as possible ister of Health were to authorme the medlcal officers The Headquarters of the Committee are in Lon- under his jurlsdlction to give advice to women on don the controversial questlon of Blrth Control, grave In the course of the year 1926 the number of divisions of oplnmn wnnld he created among vol- Maternlty and Chdd Welfare Centres in England untary workers at these Centres, the effiaency of has increased by 129 On March 31st, 1927, there which would suffer accordingly Hence the Min- were known to the Mlnlstry of Health 2,329 such lstry of Heqlth has refused to glve ~tspermsslon Centres ' in the sense desired untll the measure 1s approved It has long been felt by those favorably disposed by a majorlty In the House of Commons There 1s llttle reason to suppose that thls w~llbe secured m 1 Elghth Annusi Report of the Ministry of Health 1826 1927 (H M Sta tlonery 018ce Adastral House Xingsway London W C 2 ) the near future February, 1028

Barth Control Clznrcs subject, of wh~chover 40,000 copies have been sold, The d~ssemmationamong the poor of knowl- and has published a short statistical summary' of the edge of B~rthControl is, therefore, left to prlvate first five thousand of her cases organizat~ons Of these the most important IS the At the beginning of 1927 over 9,000 women had "Society for the Prov~s~onof Blrth Control Clmics" been seen at Dr Stopes' Cllnic A doctor IS not which now has nlne centres In England and Scot- always In attendance at the sessions and uncom- land ' These are situated In Walworth (South East pl~catedcases are fitted and mstructed by a nurse London), North Kensmgton (North London), East London, Wolverhampton, Oxford, Manches- An Important Book ter, Blrm~ngham,Cambridge and Glasgow (Scot- An authontative medical pronouncement about land) Up tlll August, 1927, there had been seen Birth Control has recently been made m this coun- at these Clinics 13,022 "New Cases" and 17,228 try, which, whlle containmg little that is new, will "Return Cases" At all the sessions of the Cen- carry welght with the profession tres affihated to th~sSociety a fully qualified med- ical practitioner is present This Society abides There ex~stsin England a commlttee called "The stnctly by ~tsfirst rule that "The objects of thls Nat~onalCouncil of Public Morals", wh~chhas for Soaety shall be, in the mterests of social welfare ~tsam "The moral and physlcal regeneration of the and for the relief of poverty, to establ~shand sup- race " This committee was established m 1913, and port Cllnics in whlch lnstmction In the most satis- has produced varlous books of whlch the best known factory method of contraception will be gwen to are the Reports of the Natlonal Birth Rate Com- married women In poor circumstances by registered mission Among the later publications was one medlcal practitioners (preferably women), assisted whlch appeared in 1925 called "The Ethlcs of Blrth when necessary by qualified nurses The medlcal Control" Vhls was drawn up by a Committee con- pract~t~onersshall be solely responsible for the sisting chiefly of doctors and clergymen, most of treatment of patients and the nurses shall only act whom were well known to the public The ten- under the instructions of the medlcal practitioners " dency of the concluslons reached may be appre- The phrase "m the Interests of social welfare and hended from the statements in the report that mar- for the relief of poverty" IS important because it riage is a divine instltutlon, that each married implies that social as well as medical considerations couple should have four or five children at the least, justify the giving to a woman of advice on Blrth that the feasibility of abstinence as a method of Control In the course of the year 1926 a majonty Birth Control is much underrated, but that, after of a commlttee of a B~rthControl Centre at Aber- the dutles of adequate parenthood have been met, deen (Scotland) decided that no woman could be the practlce of contracept~onby marrled persons accepted as a patlent unless she brought a recom- is "difficult to condemn" mendation from a doctor In other words, it was Thib report represents the new of an lmportant declded that medlcal grounds alone were to justify sectlon of Engllsh people, which probably includes the givlng of advlce on Blrth Control The Aber- the majority of clergymen and many doctors By deen Centre was therefore erased from the roll of these, Blrth Control IS not necessarily opposed on Centres affiliated to the Society for the provision of moral grounds, but nevertheless ~tsindlscr~mmate Birth Control Chnlcs spread is looked upon wth apprehension as being Near Paddington (London) is another Centre, raclally harmful, further, it IS regarded as potenti- not affilrated to the Society, which is supervised by ally antagonistic to a proper sense of parental duty Dr Norman I-Ia~re Here over 4,000 cases have and responsibility been seen m the last SIX years Later in 1925 the Natlonal Council of Publlc Morals appointed a medical sub-committee to re- An lmportant Centre in London not affihated to port on the medical aspects of contracept~on Thls the Soc~etyfor 'he provision of Birth Control Chn- report has recently appeared,>nd is noteworthy In ics, is that of Dr Marie Stopes The latter is not that it enibod~esthe considered oplnion of a group a doctor of medicine, but has done much to induce of dlstmgu~shedmedical men and women, some of the medical profess~onto take an interest in con- whom are unfavorably d~sposedto Birth Control traceptlon She has written a large book' upon the - The chief concluslons of thls book may be brlefly 1 For details see Annual Report for 1926 1021 Wdworth Women s Welhre summarized Centre 15% East Street Walworth London - Contramption It* Theory and Practice by Marie Stopes (John Bale Ihe Ethm of Birth Control (McYillan & Co Ltd St Martins Street and Danielsson London) 2nd Edition I921 pp 480 Prlee 15s London ) 1925 Price 5/ The Pirat krve Thousand bv Mnrte ~top& Same publisher 1925 Medieti Aspects of Contraception (Martln Hopklnson 6r Co Ltd) pp Price 2s 6d 188 Price in16 lhrth Control Renew There are lnsufficlent data available to pemt of a pos~t~onof the profession as a whole, ~tmay be sald final opmon upon the value of the different con- that ~t1s mterested In Brth Control, but that ~tsat- traceptwe methods t~tudewould he more favorable than ~t1s ~fa method Abstmence 1s ~mpractlcablefor the majonty of were known wh~chwas harmless, rehable, fool-proof young marned persons and aesthetically unohject~onable The subject 1s Coltus mterruptus IS condemned as harmful much discussed by present day med~calstudents who w~llgrow up w~tha wlder knowledge of ~tthan There 1s no "safe penod", but the chances of preg- nancy are lenst from the e~ghteenthday of the men- was possessed by prevlous generations of doctors strual cycle to the end of the cycle Evidence sup- The subject IS accorded a varymg amount of at- port~ngth~s view was advanced by Dr F A Mar- tent~onIn the med~calpress of Great Br~tam Of shall, whose opinlon was based on the researches the med~caljournals the "Lancet" deals wlth ~t upon the tlme of ovulat~onIn woman conducted by most fully and sympathetically Dr W~lfredShaw, and pubhshed In the Br~t~sh Journal of Physwlogy Brrth Control Inaestagatzon Commrttee The contraceptlve method most approved by the In the sprlng of 1927 there was founded In Eng- comm~tteewas that used at the Centres of the So- land a Bxth Control Investlgat~onCommittee the c~tyfor the proTlslon of B~rthControl Cl~n~cs objects of wh~chare to conduct stat~st~calresearch The use of contraceptives brmgs about an lmpro\e- and research Into contraceptlve methods These re- ment In the health of those women who use them on searches are now begmnmg, and no statement can medlcal grounds, or because they have already had he made about them at thls early stage But ~tmay many ch~ldren he sa~dthat the statlstlcal data whlch the cornmlttee Hospitals should become centres of advice and In- w11l cornpde wlll be more complete and detalled struct~onon thls subject than any that have yet appeared m th~scountry The Commrttee tncludes the followmg members E D Adr~an,M D , The above conclusions were reached after con- F R S, C P Blacker, M B C J Bond C M G, Professor A M Carr Saunders Frank Cook F RC S, Mrs Gladys Cox, M B , B S, sldorlng the evldence forthcommg from Blrth Con- Professor Wtnlfred Culllo, D Sc Professor Arthur Elhs, M D , Pro trol Cl~nlcsw~th records of over twelve thousand fessar Jullan Huxlcy Professor F H A Marshall D Sc F R S, Pro- fessor Sir Hurnphry Rolleston Bart, KCB , FR S , ass~stedby Mrs cases But these records have, for the most part, Lella Florence (Cambrrdge Women s Welfare Centre) Mrs Margaret been ~ncompletleyanalysed Ev~dencefrom Dr Lloyd (Workers Bmh Control Group), Mrs Margaret Spnng- Rlce (North Kenslngton Women s Welfare Centre) Mrs Mary Stocks Stopes' Clln~cwas not considered (Manchester k Salford k Dlstrtct Mother's Clmc), Honorary Treas- It 1s d~fficultto prophesy what duence the book urer F J Hunt~ngtan (Walworth Women s Welfare Centre) Hon orary Secretary The Hon Mrs Marlorle Parrer, 416 Clanncarde wlll have on medlcal oplnlon In England Of the Gardens London, W 2

An Appeal From France

HE advocates of Blrth Control In France have 3,741pls and 802 boys For boys from 10 to 18 there T had to turn the~rattention to allevlat~onas IS other provlslon, rt IS the gyls and younger bop who the ad\ ocacy of the true remedy 1s denled them find shelter at "hTutelaue9' We are glad to present to our readers the follomg bas M, appeal The work of Tutebe,, grown mmb rt IS absolutely necessary to bdnew quarters, and for Judge Hem RoUet of P-, who a good of purpose Is needed a sum of 1,900,000 franULdbut Bvth Control, sends an appeal to those Amencam, who r 175,000 There IS no better way of helpmg the unfor- love France and who have enlod that Pam h- tunate Lttle adren of France than by sendlng a an- &Y offem to for- v-lt-, to ad the domte a-h.17Jmon to Tutele9,, 164-6, Rue Blomet Pary dren of the c~ty %a Tutelaw" IS an estabbhment whch XV, France takes m temporardy gvls and llttle clddren who fall mto Judge Rolkt belmes, as we do, that Bwth Control distress lt receives, cares for, and adortsthese un- would do much to obvuate the need of such oppeals as thw forhmates and then ~t studres them character and dnposl- one But m the meantme the chddren are here and must they can find more to phcmg be cored for, and whtle there w pblw ~OYESW)~for boys P-ent homes It was fm~~dedduring the war, and ten, the care of these ltttle ones w lqt to such age* by the end of 1923 rt had cared for 4,543 chddrem- cles as "Lo Tutelowe" February, 1928 AS A PROPHET Correspondence (Contznurd from page 40) meaning the Increase of wealth, comfort, conven- Lght Stdl Banned ience and luxury for themselves England To read of people m a future age looking back Edrtor BIRTH CONTROLREVIEW on the Nineteenth Century as an age of barbarians, Your letter of December 7 has only just reached me of ignorance such as we attribute to the anc~entBri- I am a great adnure of Havelock Elhs's work, but as you tons, simply made most of the people of 1900 smlle see, I cannot posslbly get any artlcle to you in ti- --or swear Yet lf you read thls d~alogueof January 6th 1s lmposslble The extraordmary fact 1s that Ravelock Ellls's now, you see that he expressed m In our hbranes, at least ~n the Free Munrclpal ones, as far lt the opmons whlch all sensible persons have had as my expenence goes, Havelock Ehs IS barred, even as re- forced upon them and wh~chare shapmg the world gards such a book as hls work on Sparn I had a cod~ct to come some tune ago mth the London Lrbrary over the question of supplymg me wlth hls books deahng dwectly wlth sex Yet, In my opmlon, he IS not merely a wrse man, but m ON A CERTAIN TYPE OF JOKE many respects a genrus qu~teunique In thls age Wlth comphments and thanks for the honour you have A subscriber sends us the follow~n~"mascuhn~st" joke done me, from the Medscd Psckzmck, wlth her comment M P WILLCOCKS

Nurse -A httle stranger has arrlved EDITOR'SNOTE-We shall look fmard zmth pleasure Absent-minded Professor -Well ask hlm what he to pnntmg Mass Wdkocks' trtbzlte to Havelock Elks next wants 1 year Nurse -It's a little boy, sirr Professor -Well'-Isn't my mfe at home? An Echo of "Needlest Cases" "A joke of th~skrnd" says our correspondent "I detest I have wallowed during part of my l~feIn the mass of Edator, BIRTH CONTROLREVIEW facetrousness that men used to enjoy so much at the ex- I want to thank you for your edrtonal on the "Hun- pense of women where every thmg connected w~thchild- dred Needlest Cases" There 1s a proverb that "Prc- birth provokes merely male sniggers, and where the superi- vent~on1s better than cure", but who belleves it when ~t or~tyof man over women IS ch~eflyshown Ly the fact that 1s a case of appeals for contribut~ons? Thmk of the hun- only the pleasurable part of procreation belongs to the dreds of thousands of dollars that have been collected thls male, xhile all the consequences have to be borne by the Chnstmas t~me' But the people who are helped by means female The effects of th~sexpenence 1s to gxve me a real of these great sums must first go down Into the hell of complex aga~nstsuch jokes, a complex which I find is extreme poverty and suffermg And all the tlme more shared by a very large number of women Don't you hundreds of thousands of neehest cases are m prepara- think we ought to stand for the hgnity of ch~ld-blrthand t~on,and soc~ety1s deliberately forcmg many of them mto not to be accomplices In the perpetuation of this v~lekind that same hell by refusmg them the access to Blrth Con- of male supenonty humor?" trol advlce Surely we are hardly sane as a nation when we act hke th~s1 M L T January 3,1928 A COMMON EXCUSE

There need be no fear about a decrease m the popula- t~onof Los Angeles, according to Mun~cipalJudge Chambers, of Speeders' Court For, from the figures Rhode Island taken from hs bench, bab~es-areborn at a greater rate Edtto~,BIBTH CONTROLREVIEW than the wlldest populat~on enthuslast ever dared I enclose a cheque for fifty dollars as a Christmas pres- prophesy ent for the League, ml1 all good mshes I am sendmg ~t "Out of an average of forty upeedmg cases that I hear to you instead of to the "Hundred Neemest Cases" as I every day," Judge Chambers remarked, "ten excuse them- feel it wtll meet them needs better thls way selves on the ground that they were mshmg home to see With Chnstmas greetmgs to all of your staff and to or welcome a new baby" YOU -Evnung Gropluc (N Y ) D H W I~IJNT Bzrth Control Revzew HUMAN WASTE Chlcago provldes another baby story, having nothmg to do mth accidental polsonlng but stdl not wholly happy For dynamlc poetry deahng fearlessly wlth dreams of tomorrow and thmcs of It is about Mrs Carmella Carbone, who has gven b~rth today, stressrng the awaking of women to a pair of tw~ns,her fourth paw That makes s~xteen and the new an~tudetoward 'sex, read bab~esMrg Carbone has borne ~n nineteen pears of mar- nage and forty of hfe But seven of the children, mclud- ing all the prevlous tmns, &ed early And prospects are none too bnght for the nine living ch~ldren Mr Car- bone 1s out of work So 1s the oldest boy, aged 16, who Contemporary Verse has helped in the past So is Mr Carbone's brother, also a former contnbutor Edrted by LUCIATRENT, RALPH CHEYNEY and Ch~cagophilanthropy seems to have done something for BENJAMINMUSSER Mrs Carbone, for the first time, and may help the fam~ly to pull through The death rate may reem hrgh, but that $1 50 a year H not ~12~162~1m famdws reported as humng bwths m ez- ceptml number Whatever the case may suggest to ad- Srgn~ficantorrglnal poems, translatrons, quoted poems, art- vocates or opponents of Birth Control, st should snipre rcles and mmprehcnsive revrewa somethmg of satwfactwn rn the mMds and heart: of par- Investigate "Contemporary Verse" Prrze Contests, Bureau ents who have had fern chddren, but huvc managed to of Cntre~sm,Course In Ver~eTechnrque, Book Salca Servree bnmg them safely through the huzarda of chrMhood and Publrshrng Offer -E&tonal in The Chehnd New: CONTEMPORARY VERSE 107 South Mansfield Ave, CIVIC FOLLY Margate, Atlant~cC~ty, N J A newspaper syndicate sends out a story by Irvm Cobb of the days when some state chanties pa~da fam~lya hun- dred dollars a year toward the support of each feeble- MARGARET SANGER COMES TO BERLIN mnded chdd A stranger and a c~tizenwere travelmg (Contrnucd from page 54) together They came to a homestead that was ~nfin~tely better lookmg than any they had seen for days The and sends them to physmans who are ~nstructedto house was of clapboards, mstead of the customary logs, meet the needs as prescr~bed There are cases when and ~t was pamted The fences were stout and neatly she advlses ster~lizat~onwhen the health mdicates the necessity Mrs Sanger says she saw the deep whitewashed The stock in the barn lot had a well-nour- rehef and thankfulness of the women to Dr R~ese, shed look "Who lives here?" inquired the stranger "Judgng by and this moved her deeply the looks of the place he must be forehanded man " In the work of Dr R~esewe see a Marriage Ad- "He certa~nlyis," said the natwe "He's forehanded, vice Center functio~ungas ~tshould, although ~t IS but he's had a sight of luck in h~st~me, too He's got but log~calto expect that ~t should develop mto a chc where contraceptive ~nformat~on1s given 'leven ch~ldrenand all of 'em IS ~j~ots" mthout sendmg women to phys~cianswhose fees are proh~b~t~vefor most poor women We may say "Mr LOUISI Dubhn est~matesthat a baby born to-day wlth justlce that Mrs Sanger's vwt to Germany 1s worth $1,447 Parents mll be well advlsed to sell at has very defirutely brought this fact to the fore- once, In mew of the possibihty of a slump " ground for d~scuss~onand poss~bleaction -Pwh (London ) * * * * * * Mmng is men's most dangerous trade, yet the death- From Columbus Circle to Herald Square Hotel after rate of workmg mothers from fatal accidents In ch~ld- hotel Lobby after lobby Nme o'clock by the &a1 above b~rth1s six or seven times as great as the mortahty from the crossroads of the world Ten o'clock Eleven o'clock fatal accidents In the mlnes Sweet-faced gentlemen offered the "BIETH CONTBOL Are mothers then to be demed even the nght to plead REVIEW" Pmeapple juwe salesmen wooed us mth ptne- before miners and other trade umon~ststhat they, too, appled words Sidewalk salesmen d~splayedtoy balloons, should be allowed to regulate the nsks, the hours and dancmg dolls the cond~tionsof them own occupation? -ROBERT GABLANDin The Graphrc (N Y ) -DORA RUSSELLin John Bd (London) From Canada To The @lf Wherever you find wlnter sports, you wdl also find 3-ln-One This great oil is helping bladed skates cut swirls on ice-locked Canadian lakes and at the same time helping roller skates spin merrdy along palm-shaded pavements from Florida to California

The Hwh-. Quahty 011 For lee Skates-3 ~n-Onekeeps them keen by prcvcntrn dwtruc- five rust Ohclamps Keeps leather skatmg shocs pllafle For Ron- Skates-3-ln-One 011s the rollers rlght Prevents rust Preserves leather straps For &cydes-3-1n-One works out old grease and dlrt from bearlngs 011s perfectly Pollshes and rust proofs nlckeled parts Makes enamel shine Cleans and preserves leather saddle For C-3 In One 011s the mechanism Prevents rust lnslde and out Removes black powder resldue Polishes stock For Golf Shche-3-ln-One rust roofs and pollshes metal head Cleans.. pohshes. and preserves shak Keeps leather handle soft At all good dealers Lwk for the Big Red "One an can or bottle Penetrates quickly 011s perfectly Stays tn bearlngs Never gums Never dr~esout Sample of 3 I" One and D~ctlonaryof FREE: uses Request both on a postal The American Birth Control League Inc. I/ MARGARET SANGER, Preadent 104 FIFTH AVENUE, NEW YORK CITY Telephone. Chelsea 8901

11 WEASK YOU TO HELP SUPPORT OUR WORK BY BECOMING A CONTRIBUTING MEMBER

1. To teach the need for Bii Control 2 To make ~t legal for physwans to lnstruct mamed persons m safe methods of Byth Control AIM 3 To open cllnlcs where the best contraceptwe ~nformat~onshall be obtamable by all who need it

"There IS no other sublcct of such importance as "It 1s not a questlon of ~nrroducmgamong the B~rthControl Knowledge of ~tsmarks a new and poor an effort to prevent excessive ch~ld-bearing happ~erphase in the h~storyof c~v~l~zat~on" Such efforts are made all the time now It 1s a ques- -H E WELLS tlon of mtroducmg safe and sane methods, and of "The only pract~calInstrument by wh~cheugen- spreadmg among them the knowledge that such a ~cscan work 1s Birth Control" lim~tat~onof the number of ch~ldren1s poss~blew~th -HAVELOCK ELLIS out the r~skof death or ~nval~d~smIt is a question "There could be no greater contribut~onto the of offermg to the poor who need ~t most, the knowl- morahty of the world and to mar~talhappmess than edge and the power wb~chhas long been the posses- slon of those who need ~t least " B~rthControl " -WILLIAMALLEN PUSHY, M D , Pres~dentof -ALICE HAMILTON,M D Harvard Medrcal the Amerrcan Medrcal Assocratron, 1924-1925 School

FILL IN AhD SEhD WITH YOUR DUES TO ROOM 1905, 104 FIFTH AVENUE, NEW YORK CITY Name Street C~ty State Date of Jorntng Amount $5 or over rncludes a Years Subscnptron to CLASSES OF ANNUAL MEMBERSHIP THE A-$100 to $500 0 C-$25 BIRTH 0 B- $50 0 D-$10 CONTROL 0 E-$2 to $9 REVIEW II Check8 Shozlld be lnade pagable to the Amencan Btrth Control League