February, 1026 Twenty Cents BIRTH CONTROL

Fewer Children Better Born

HAVELOCK ELLIS:

BII H. L. Mencken John Haynes Holmes Raymond Pearl Franklzn H Giddings and others THE AMER Headquarters 104 FUTH AVENUE, NEW YORK CITY Telephones Chelsea 8901 2 34

OFFICERS MARGARET SANGER Prendent MRS FRANCES B ACKERMANN Treotursr MRS LEWIS L DELAFIELD Vtce Prersdent MR J NOAH H SLEE Asrtatant Treasurer MRS JULIET BARRETT RURLEE Vwe-Pverdent ANNE KENNEDY Ezecuttvs Secretory BOARD OF DIRECTORS MRS RICHARD BILLINGS REV WILLIAM H GARTH MRS F ROBERTSON-JONES MRS DEXTER BLAGDEN MRS THOMAS N HEPBURN BENJAMIN TILTON, M D MRS GEORGE H DAY, Sn ANNIE G PORRITT JOHN C VAUGHAN, M D

NATIONAL COUNCIL

CLERGYMEN Rev Ernest Caldlcot, N Y Rabbl Rudolph I Coffee, Ph D ,Calif Rabbl Sidney E Goldstem, N Y Rabbl Louls Mann, Ill Rev Phdlp Frlck, N Y Rev L Grlswold Wdhams, Pa Rev Karl Redand, N Y

SCIENTISTS Dean Thyrsa W Amos, Pa E C Llndeman, Ph D, N Y Walter B Pltkln, Ph D ,N Y Leon J Cole, Ph D ,WM C C Llttle, D Sc ,Mlch Horatio M Pollock, PhD ,N Y Ph D ,Mass Wdllam MeDougall, Ph D ,Mass Lotbrop Stoddard, Ph D ,Mars Edward M East, B S J E W Wdm, PhD ,Ohlo Frankhn H G~ddmgs,PhD ,N Y Jam- G Needham, Ph D ,N Y John B Watson, PhD ,N Y Samuel J Holmes, PhD ,Callf Wm F Ogburn, Ph D, N Y Walter F W~llcox,Ph D ,N Y Roswell H Johnson, B S ,Pa Raymond Pearl, Ph D ,N Y A B Wolfe, Ph D ,Ohm

PROFESSIONALS Allce Stone Blackwell, Mass Slnclair Lewa, N Y Mary Shaw, N Y Herbert Croly, N Y Judge Ben Lmndsey, Colo Florence Guertln Tuttle, N Y George Blumenthal, N Y Owen Lovejoy, N Y Ruth Vlncent, Colo Mrs Belle De Revers, N J Robert M Lovett, Ill Theodore Drerser, Wf James M Maurer, Pa Mrs Albert Walker, Texae Florence Bayard Hfles, Del Everett R Meves, N J Mary Wmsor, Pa

PHYSICIANS Joseph L Bacr, Ill. Donald R Hooker, Md Abraham Myerson, Md Amelm R Kellar, Ind Wm.Allen Pusey, Ill H B Bramerd,Wf Reed, S Adolphus Knopf, N Y Ralph Ohio James F Cooper, N Y Aamn J Rosanoff,Cahf John Favfl, Ill Lawrence Lltehfleld, Pa John B Solley, Jr ,N Y Allce Hamdton, Mass Earl Lothrop, N Y Hannah M Stone, N Y Frederick C Heckel, N Y Adolph Meyer, Md Kenneth Taylor, N Y

LAY MEMBERS Mrs Ernest R Adee, N Y Mrs Kate Crane Garb, Callf Mrs Stanley McCormlck, N Y Mrs Oakes Ames, Mess Mrs Robert B Gregory, Ill Mm Wllliam A McGraw, MI& Raymond H Arnold, Cahf Mrs H G H~ll,Cd~f Mrs L Newman, Utah Mrs Robert Perklns Bass, N H Mm Fenley Hunter, N Y Mm Enoeh Rauh, Pa Mrs Walter L Benson, Ill Mrs Wllltam Swam JR~PF,Calif Mrs C C Rurnsey, N Y Lowell Brentano, N Y Mrs Plerre Jay, N Y Mrs Homer St Gaudens, N H Urs John Scott Brown~ng,N Y Mrs Otto Kahn, N Y Mrs W F Spangler, Ind Mm W E Cannon, Mass Mrs W W Knapp,N Y Mrs T J Swanton, N Y Mr and Mrs Thomas L Chadbourne, N Y Mrs James Lee Ladlaw, N Y Mrs Charles Tlffany, N Y Wdham Hamlln Chdds, N Y Mrs Arthur L Lawrence, N Y Mrs Shelley Tolhurst, Calif Mrs Stephen Clark, N Y Mrs Frank M Leavltt, N Y Mrs J Bishop Vandever, N Y Vrs Frank I Cobb N Y Mrs S~nclalrLewrs, N Y Mrs Henry Vlllard, N Y Mrs Slmeon Ford, N Y Mrs Edward A Lmngenfelter, Iowa Mrs Pope Yeatman, Pa BIRTH CONTROL PRIMER

What Have We Learned About Birth Control?

(1 Last month we defined B~rthControl as the Conscious Regulation of The B~rthRate

(I We showed that there were three means of regulat~onand that the best of these for the greatest number of people was the use of harmless chem~caland mechan~caldevlces called contraceptives

(r We showed that the forces of Ignorance, md~fference,prejudice and superstltlon prevented by law the spread of th~smethod of Brrth Control

(I We showed that B~rthControl was a preventwe of Abort~on,and we gave Reason No I-The Health of Mother and Chrld In answer to the questlon

HERE ts somethrng pathetrc m the spectacle of those who are stdl only able to recognrze the anrmal end of marrrage and who pornt to the example of the lower anrmals as worthy of our rmrtatron It has taken God--or Nature rf you wrll-unknown mtllions of years of pamful struggle to eoolwe Man, and to rarse the human specres above that bondage to reproductron whrch marks the lower antmals But on these people rt has all been wasted They are tn the anrmal stage strll They hawe yet to learn the A B C of love Thrs comes from the blmdness whrch cannot know that beyond the prrmary anrmal end of propagatron m marrrage there rs a secondary but more sprrrlual end It rs needless to rnsrst how rntrmately that secondary end of marrrnge rs bound up wrth Brrth Control -HAVELOCK ELLIS

WHY IS BIRTH CONTROL NECESSARY?

(r We glve th~smonth Reason No 2-THE HAPPINESS OF FAMILY LIFE

(r Bmth Control wdl Increase the happmess of the w~feand mother by freemg her from the hauntlng fear month by month of a pregnancy that 1s undes~redand unprepared for It w~llenable her to have chddren when she wants them, 1s strong enough to bear them and knows that she can take care of them It wdl glve her tune to know and enjoy her chddren, to hold and des~re her husband's love and to develop her own personal~tyboth rns~dethe home and In the world outs~dethe home

(I It wrll enable the husband and father to keep and enjoy hrs wife's love mstead of feelmg hunself to be often the object of her fear It wdl do away w~ththe discontent and rrr~tabdltyfound m men whose sexual 11fe 1s ~ncompleteowmg to dread of large fam~hes It wdl gwe the father an opportunrty to do h~sbest by the chrldren he has chosen to have, mstead of bemg ds- tressed and harassed by the thought that he cannot properlj feed and clothe the unendmg stream of chddren sent by bl~nd natural law

(r It wdl assure the chddren a welcome, the affection of both parents, held to each other and to them by a love that can freely express rtself w~thoutfear and able to prov~dethem a calm and safe home, health and mater~alwell-belng, care sluted to the In- dl1 ~dualltyof each, a good education and a fau start In lrfe

(r It will glve to the home peace, harmony and love and ~t wdl, by encouragmg early marriage, lessen prostltutlon and pro- mote moral~ty Four Steps to Our Goal - Aghhon, Educabon, Orgamzatron, Legdat~on

FEBRUARY, 1926

(Copyright, 1926, Ameman Brrth Control League, Inc )

CONTENTS EDITORIAL 41 A TRUE RADICAL, by P W Whshng PhJ) 66 AU MAITRE, a Poem by Fvancowe Delwle 43 A YEAR'S PROGRESS 66 SOME ADDENDA TO THE DANCE OF HAVELOCK As reported at the annual rneetlng of the Amerlcan ELLIS LIFE, by Iaanc Goldberg 44 Blrth Control League MAN OF SCIENCE, ARTIST AND GENTLEMAN, A BIBLIOGRAPHY OF HAVELOCK ELLIS 68 by H L idencken 46 The compller comments on the breadth of bls knowl- edge and the unlty of h~swork THE OUTLINE OF MARRIAGE, PA~T11, by Floyd Dell 47 DOES AMERICA HAVE TOO MANY CHILDREN? by Frank H Hanktna Ph D 60 A TRIBUTE, by Franklm H Qlddtngr Ph D 49 Certaln popular objections answered THE POSITION OF HAVELOCK ELLIS, by John 61 Haynss Holmer 60 PERIODICAL NOTES HAVELOCK ELLIS AND HUMAN BIOLOGY, by YOUTH SPEAKS IN THE CHURCHES 62 Raymond Pearl Ph D 60 CORRESPONDENCE 63 HAVELOCK ELLIS, AN APPRECIATION, by Leon FRIENDS IN THE FIELD, by Anne Kennedy 64 J Coie Ph D 61 NEWS NOTES MAPRIED LOVE 62 New York, Callforn~a, Colorado, Maryland, South Letters whlch show how ~t may be starved to death Carolma, Texas 66 WHAT SHALL THEY KNOW? A SKETCH,by Hugh New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vlrgmla 6h de Selmcourt 54 West Vlrgma, England, Sweden, Chma 67 A GREAT TEACHER, by E C Schwan 55 Indla, Japan 68

BIRTH CONTROL REVIEW OUR CONTRIBUTORS

LEON J COLE 18 Profearor of Genetws at Wwconrm PWLlsHED BY Unsneratty THE AMERICAN BIRTH HUGH DE SELINCOURT w author of "One httle Boy" CONTROL LEAGUE, INC and other booka and erraya FRANKLIN H GIDDINGS holds the chaw of Soctology NEW YORK CITY and the Hwtory of Ctvtlwataon at Columblo Untver 104 FIFTH AVENUE r~ty,New Yorlc, and w author of many bookr ISAAC GOLDBERG w an eraayut an edctor and author of a fo~thcommng btography Hmelock Ellw, a Bto graphtcal and Cntscal Burmy" (Stmon and Bchu&zr ) FRANK H HANKZNS w Professor of Sonology at Bmtth College, Northampton, Matt JOHN HAYNEB HOLMEB w a Unitaman, pattor of the Communsty Church of New York H L MENCKEN w an erraywt, a phdologtat who hat The BIRTH CONTROL REVIEW L. pubhhed made rmpo~tant contnbutrona to the atudy of the the Amencan vernacular and co-edttor unth George Jean on the first of month. Nathan of "Amenoan Mercury Smsle Cop,-Twenty Cent. Two Dohper Year RAYMOND PEARL, Proferaor of Bsometncr at Johna Gmoda and Forean $2 25 Hophim Untvsrr~ty Dalftrnore idd w author of Studsea m Human Bsology" the Bwlogy of Popula twn Growth" and many other bookt E C SCHWAN w e lawyer, a pubkcwt and rcholar of Cleveland Ohto Entered an Second Class Matter March 11,1918, at the Post- P W WHITING w Profesror of Genetwr at Uame ofice at New York, N Y,under the Act of March 3, 1879 Unsverstty Birth Control Review VOL X FEBRUARY, 1926 No 2 EDITORIAL NOTHER year has passed and the BIRTH opposed, a fourth too long to prmnt th~smonth ~s CONTROLREVIEW offers the greetings of an- dmvlded m its opmon The wrmtei so well recopzes otherA group of wrmters to Havelock Elhs on h~sthe force of the arguments on both s~desand the blrthday Bmologlst, socmologmst, eugenist, men of mmportance to the movement of the two classes- letters, men of the law and the church wmth such those who can only be reached on the street and unan~m~tyas to glve almost a sameness to them those to whom street sellmg 1s obnox~ous-that he messages agree that hms great contr~butlonhes m even suggests two magazmnes, one for the People the fact that he saw art and scmence as parts of one and one for the Intell~gentsma,one boldly dlsplay- whole and both, not as cold external thmgs, but as mg Bmrth Control on the cover, the other bearmg expresslous of the lmfe of humaruty and the means some less controversmal and perhaps broader tmtle by wh~chhumaruty may be enabled to make the The plan IS not exactly feasmble, but mt shows how most of lmfe The same generation whmch now ac- strong are the arguments on both smdes clamms hlm as the broadest and most humane and In th~sconnectmon lt 1s lnterestmng to note that sat~sfymngof teachers, sat In mts first youth at the figures of the Chmcal Research Department of the feet of Mathew Arnold In those days-the late League show that somewhere around 15 per cent nmnet~es-Havelock Ell~s,as a scmentist, opened a of the cases that come to the department come new world to them, but for thmngs lmterary and through "seemg the lady on the street" A sub- humane the rather frlgmd mntellectual helghts of stantial proport~on-the figures have never been Matthew Arnold were those they asplred to chmb kept-jom the League for the same reason How- But the hemghts of Arnold's culture grew colder ever, there are the 85 per cent who come to the and more remote from humamty and they turned Chcal Research Department from other sources back many years ago to find that them Scmentlst and the large numbers who jom the League for held a better key to culture, m hls broad and toler- other reasons We should hke to hear more from ant knowledge and understandmg of man our readers, on both smdes of thls questmon Con- The younger generatmon had no such handicap trmbutors are asked to state whether they are d- When ~tcame to maturmty Havelock Elhs had re- mg to have themr names used vealed the whole of hs many-smded development, and mt IS Youth pre-emmmnently that now looks to h~mas pdeand frlend Last year we publmshed m the BIRTHCONTROL REVIEW many trmbutes to hun NE of the strongest and smftest workmg m- as a frmend Thms year only Francomse Dehsle's fluences mn brmgmg the population problem touchmg verses present thms aspect To be broad home0 to the natmons of the world has been the prac- and profound m learnmg, to be at the same tlrne tmcal closmng of Amermcan ports to emgrants from lofty and tolerant m thought, to have escaped the the Old World Statements by Itahan leaders on specmahzatmon to function whmch makes many great the need of Amermca for thew sLperabundant popu- men both mterestmg and maccessmble as per- labon were commented on m the September BIRTH sonahhes and to have a eft for fnendshmp whlch CONTROL In another place* we quoted draws people mthout conscmousness of them own REVIEW a Japanese pubhc~stwhose pomt of new IS broader madequacy-tb combmatmob of quahbes IS what than that of Mussoh and Count C~ppmco,for he has made Havelock Elhs one of the geatest m- regards war as "unthmkable" and Bmrth Control fluences among modern Enghhmen. as the mevltable solutmon of Japan's populatmon problem The most recent suggestmon IS for the E pubhsh thls month three letters on the rehef of England's populatmon problem It comes from J Ferguson, a Wesleyan local preacher, who W problem of street sehg of the BIRTH - CONTROLREVIEW TWO are strongly m favor, one See page 68 42 Rzrth Control Rernm wr~tesm The Christian Advocate "What she 1s bodies are growmg more and more rare In the suffering from IS a surplus of population She has case of a recent attack sent by a local med~calgroup now two milhons more people than she had when in Illino~sto the "Journal of the Amer~canMedical the war began It IS h~ghlyprobable that from a Assoc~at~on,"the Journal opened ~tspages gener- commerc~al and mdustnal standpoint she has ously to a reply and Amencan Medaane publ~shed reached the point of saturat~on If th~scountry an article by Dr S Adolphus Knopf shoag the (the Umted States of Amenca) would take over sclent~ficfoundahon of the work of the American a milhon of Bnhin's sons and daughters, the prob- Birth Control League and the mcreasmg and im- lem of unemployment m the old country, and other presswe body of physicians now ~dentfied mth problems beside, would soon be solved " Mr Fer- work for Bwth Control Thus an attack by a rela- guson's suggestion is m reality no solut~onat all, t~velyunimportant medical body has gven us an for ~ttakes no account of the future Those who opportunity to learn that there are now many adv~seth~s panacea close the~reyes to the fact that physicians and bodies of phys~c~ansready and wdl- the place of the "m~lhon of Br~tam's sons and mg to speak out m defence daughters" to be taken over by th~scountry would be filled and overfilled mthm a few years

HILE foreign countries of large natural Increase are feeling the need of other shores Wto settle on, we m the Umted States are rap~dly NE of the closing acts of the Interdenommna- reachmg the pomt where our Increase will be 0 t~onalStudents Congress whch ended ~tslargely natural The New York State Department sessions at Evanston, Ill, New Year's Day, was of Health has recently called attent~onto the de- endorsement of Birth Control creasmg rate of populat~onmcrease m that landmg Th~sact~on of a group of Protestant Bible stu- state for ~rnmigrants Th~sit lays m large part to dents m ~dentifymgpract~cal eugenics mth B~rth "the change both m the volume and the ongm of Control, comes as a commentary on the act~onof our ~mm~grat~onsmce the war " the Protestant Episcopal House of Bishops m ex- "The bulk of our lmrmgrat~onnow comes from cludmg B~rthControl from its endorsement of countr~esmth a comparatwely low blrth rate, whde Eugemcs The contrast between the two bod~es, the peoples of southeastern Europe, mth a hlgh representmg the older and younger groups in the brth rate, have been practically ehated as a church, recalls Dr L~ttle'sprophesy, quoted m last factor m the btoncal source of growth of the pop- month's BIRTHCONTROL REVIEW, that the mtelh- ulat~onof thcountry " gent mmor~tyof the youth of the nation are to be The U~utedStates IS, as Professor Bowen shows* the hope of the Birth Control movement The body m a recent number of the Snentafic Monthlg, ap- meetmg at Evanston represents "the Youth Move- proachmg a condition where 11111mgrahon wdl no ment" m the Protestant Church longer obscure its real populat~onproblem

FTER hstenmg to addresses by Dr James F S the February REVIEW goes to press word A Cooper of the Clm~calResearch Department A comes that the Protestant Ep~scopalChurch of the American B~rthControl League m Inhana has jomed hands mth the &man Cathohc Church and Ohlo, the Northeastern Indiana Academy of m a determmed crusade sgslnst Blrth Control Medmne and the L~ckmnCounty (Ohio) Med~cal Comment on tlus development wdI be made m the Association passed th; follo-hg resolution March REVIEWMeanwhde we are the more con- Resolved, that we herebv recommend the alteration vlnced by this that the hope of the movement hes of ex&g laws wherever necessary so that physi- m the youth of the country and that the answer clans may legally glve contracept~vemformahon wdl be gwen m the last resort, by the Youth Move- to them pat~entsm the regular course of prhce ment mthm the Churches, whlch has already m These are the most recent of endorsements whch certam groups gone on record for Brth Control show with what mterest open-mmded phys~c~ansWe congratulate the Lutheran Church for its dg- are now enl~st~ngin the work of makmg the gvmg died and progressive stand m refusmg to take any of contracept~ve~nformat~on legal throughout the -part m the attack on Brth Control Umted States Attacks by physmans and medIcal Sa page 61 AU MAITRE By FRANFOISEDELISLE

Grand mahe, - maitre de la mort, Quand par folte, iperdument, On a de l'angotsse 2 plern coeur, Quand de douleur et de tourment On vous arnve tout en pleurs, Yous vous dressez contre le sort. Oh! vous le plus humam des hommes, Le moins farble par leurs fatblesses, C'est votre bonte' qui nous somme Aux beaux espoirs, grandes prouesses, Cher grand dieu! - maitre de la mort!

Grand maitre, - maitre de la vie, - Nous avons apprrs qu 'on la dance Avec du sang plein les souliers, Mais qu'elle est noble et douce trance, Riante pour le coeur altier, Mystejieuse etfolle amie; Dis lors, assis 2 ses banquets Qii les sanglots et les chansons Sont belles fleurs de ses bouquets Nous vous btnrssons pour ses dons, Vous, grand dieu! - maitre de la vre! Birth Control Revzew Some Addenda to the Dance of Ellis' Life

N the days of his age, and in hs leisurely way, the earliest thmgs that he wrote, his poems I Havelock Ellis renews the vigor of his youth Similarly, hls little novel, Kanga Creek, published On February 2, 1926, he will celebrate his sixty- in 1922 and dealmg wlth the atmosphere of his boy- seventh birthday, having been born in the great hood days as a teacher in Australia, was written year of 1859-year of Darwm's "Ong~nof Spe- more than thirty years befoie that date Vohimm- cies " Engl~shin the veiy narrowest ancestral ous ~w~terthat he IS, Ellis has never been a hasty sense, \nth a long line of scholars and churchmen, one Early he had made up his mind that to puh- soldiers and seamen behlnd hm, yet he rose early llsh before the age of thirty was to risk the irnma- above the limitations of insular thinking and has, turitles of youth, accordingly, his first two books, in h~smultifarious labols, embraced the world The New Spznt and I'he Cnmznal, do not appear That world, in turn, has embraced him, at least, until 1890, just after he had passed thirty Here, that civilized portion which alone matters It 1s too, the very titles are significant of the prolific and true that some wars after the beg~nnmgof his finely balanced intellectual life to which they are career, when the fist volume of his famous Stdes the prelude The first book deals with letters, the zn the Pspcltology of S~Eappeared, he was second wlth science, yet in The New Spznt is the branded by the English courts as a pervert, as a play of a scientific mind, while In The Cnmznal is, purveyor of filth, it is true, too, that thereafter,- just as surely, the play of the artist~c agam in his quiet, unrumed manner,-he made up his mind that the remainder of the Studzes should be published in the United States Those Studaes, T has been the dlstmction of Ellis that to thnk- urndentally, have been better received in America 1 ,ng men and women of his generation he has and Germany than in Elhs's native England served, and is today serving more than ever, as the Yet in the career of the man who has taught his exemplar of such a full and rounded life Others generation the secret of a serene hilarity th~shas have been content to divide up hfe mto compart- heen only a dissonant interlude The Dance of ment~,to trad over arcs of the great circle, to deal Lzfe 1s the name of one of the recent books with the writhing fragments of existence, to an- Ellis that has won for hlrn m America a new and alyze, ~llls,from the first, has evolved larger mi- larger public,-a public of enlightened laymen ties out of these separate provmces, has ~omedthe rather than of speclallsts m sex or sociology or arc# into the complete circle, welded the fragments, letters And Ellis's life has been a glomng, glor- -in a word, he has synthesized What is ths path- ious dance,--a dance of the thoughts, of the feel- finder domg, when he publishes in the twilight of ings, mergng mto a rad~antconception of life his life the poems of his dawn, hut completing lust itself as the supreme art, the sum of the arts such a circle2 In Elhs's life there has been, then, not frustrat~onbut completion That same whole- ness he finds m the world about hm IN this life, when regarded from the standpoint For bun, no clean-cut &visions Science and art of the critic and biographer, there seems httle merge mto the greater art which is all of living indeed of that frustration which has become the bio- M~~ and (as he brought out the book so gra~hcalfashion of the hour I do not mean, of named m 1894) are not two warrlng fact~onsbut course, that Ellis has written his works upon liter- two distinct endowments that an mterde- ary crltlclsm, upon social hygiene, sex, travel, harmony above the Inevitable natural dif- dreams, national and individual psycho log^, art, ferences Collectivism and individualism are not phllosoph~~poetry, free of those repressions whch enemles, they are two aspects of polor the lives of ~atllclanand plebeian alike I SO~ldland pelsolla1 llving wluch thlive by mutual mean rather that Ellis's life, from the very first, Many readers who know little or shows remarkable evidence of a plan drawn UP and notlung of Ehs's contr~butionsto sexual psychol- adhered to with ~ractlcallyundevlatlng steadfast- ogy or to sociology have read with deep pleasure ness He has fallen short of hls dream, but that 1s his three series of Impresszons 6 Comments Here what dreams are for they wdl have found Ellis's att~tudetoward Me and It is significant that the latest of his books to death as a natural progress, to be enloyed and un- be published, Sonnets ad Folk Songs, contams derstood rather than to be feared This same un- February, 1926 wllhgness to create hasty dmslons appears m the T 1s at thls tune that he makes one of the central sex Studzes, Elhs hesitates to draw the he-whlch I frlendshlps of h~shfe that wlth Ollve Schremer others trace wlth such overweenmg confidence-be- Already she was basklng In the popularnty that Am tween the normal and the abnormal Afncan Farm had brought to her She was four years hls senlor, and at once a deep, even a passion- ate, frlendshlp arose, m whlch her volubil~tyand LLIS, then rejects the moral attltude for the ardor were often at amusmg varlance wlth the retl- E aesthetic That IS, he transfers the questions cence and serenlty of thls old youngster Her re- and the perplexltles of hfe from the realm of the cently published letters have shed a new hght upon narrowly rellglous and dogmatlc to that of the the relatlonsh~p Ellls had undertaken the medlcal broadly tolerant Thls tolerance 1s not to be con- studles, not for the purpose of practlcmg as a fused, however, \nth the namby-pambyness that too physlclan, but because he had reallzed the necessity often masquerades under the name Ellls, on mat- for such a foundation ~f he were to do serlous work ters that count, has been firm and mnflexlble, he has m the fields of sex and sclence Olwe Schre~ner, been trled m the fires of soclal scorn and mdlffer- who had herself wavered between the vocations of ence and has emerged not only unscathed but, vlc- medlcrne and hterature, predlded for hlm, from the torlous No, Ellls's tolerance 1s another phase of first handshake, the career that he subsequently hs peculiar ablllty to see all around a questlon acheved Rlght and wrong are eady defined-m the diction- ary, but not m llfe What once used to be a matter of morals has become, m hls slght, a matter of taste FTER quahfymg as physman Ellls, m that Agam, you will notlce, llfe as art Conventlonallty A hlghly important th~rtlethyear of hs, spent and dogmat~sm,to Elhs, are repugnant, not be- several months m Pans, m company of hs fr~end, cause he favors abandon, but precisely because they Arthur Symons Hehad gone, supposedly, for the defeat that very control whch ~sat the bass of hfe advantages of mehcal exploration, he remamed for truly hved They deny the vah&ty of that free the pleasures of hterature and art, meetmg men and experlence whlch alone creates a slgnlficant mdl- absorbmg experlence It was five years later that vldual The dlctum that man's kmgdom lles wlthln Remy de Gourmont antlclpated by some three dec- may thus be translated Into the essential subledm- ades Mencken's descnptlon of Ellls as the "most ity of human experlence And, truly enough, Elhs cmllzed Engllshrnan of hls generation " Wrltmg travels through llfe In much the manner that Key- to a fnend, de Gourmont declared that Elhs was serlmg, m hls remarkable Travel Dtaq of a Phd- "the most advanced person m England " De Gour- osophe~,travels through the lands of the world mont remamed, mdeed, untd hls death, Ellls's best It is m the youthful sonnets that we may &s- frlend m France It was he who mtlated the cover the plan of hls career They are the blue- translat~onmto French of the Studzes, and was re- prmts of the house of hfe that he has bullt m the sponslble, too, for the translation of other of Ell~s's more than forty mtervenmg years They explam, books, notably The World of Dreams too, as he hlmself has recognized, the poetlc atmos- The remarkable unlty and unlversallty whlch phere that hovers even over hls most sclentlfic prose are to be found in h~swrltlngs are not generally (Agam, you wlll note, a completed c~rcle prose present In the admlratlon that has come to hlm A and poetry ) In his suith year he made a clrcuit of few there are who know hlm, so to speak, m the the globe m a shlp captamed bv hls father, the round, and who know, too, the work performed for journey traced a serles of lmes from England to a new womanhood by h~sradlant, dynamlc wlfe, the Austraha to Peru to Holland and back to England late Edlth Ehs There are stdl those who thmk In hs sixteenth year, gomg to Austraha to gam that he 1s solely a mter upon sex, and who, re- vlgor, he remamed for several years as a rural ferrlng to hun, smk them volces to the lower reglster teacher HISown schoohng, m the mterlm between reserved for Kraftt-Ebmg and hls chnlcal con- these two vlslts to the southern contment, had been freres I do not msh to glve the lmpresslon that near London, and m pnvate He does not conslder Ellls's labors In the field of sex have been ~nconsld- that he der~vedmuch benefit from thls formal edu- erable, even to psychoanalysis, to whlch he sub- cat~on,he IS, moreover, one of a number of great scribes wlth quallficat~ons,he has glven at least two Englishmen who show no college dlploma In- unportant terms auto-erotzsrn and narsszsm stead, hamg come to a reahzat~onof hshfe's work Freud hlmself, m hsopus on dreams, has gracefully durmg the self-commumon of h~sdays and mghts acknowledged an mstance of Ellls's pnontv, our In the Bush, he began hls medlcal stud~esat St own Mr Mordell, m The Lzteratwe of Ecstaq, Thomas's Hospital, London, on hls return from has pomted out that m Affzrmatzons (publ~shed Austraha two years before Freud's masterpiece), Ellls was 46 Birth Control Rmw "the first wnter ln England to develop the ldea that m 1902, he wa~descnblng the effects of the strange arbstm creatlon 1s a subhtlon of sex repress~on drug, mescal, that seemed to dmoc~ateone from The selfsame essay m whch Ellls does tkthe one's personaby and enable one to study oneself one on Casanova-IS m my oplmon not only among almost unpersonally, as it were Among men of ius most notable productlorn but one of the great letters whom he mduced to perform slnular expen- essays of ~tstune In ~tthe renowned Enghhman, ments upon themselves w~thth~~ "&me plant" IS who could not be a Casanova d he would and would Wfiam Butler Yeats Elh at the tune expressed not ~f he could, reaches by sheer power of unagma- the bellef that every healthy person would profit tlve penetratlon and sympathy a11 the way around immensely by at least a smgle expenence of thls a character m many ways antipodal to h~sown, pro- "artfic~alparadue " ducmg, as he does so, some of the finest hterary cr~tlchand phdosophlc poetry of our day ERHAPS th~s1s as good a place as any to P correct a few current errors concemg the 0 be known properly, the man should be man I have seen ~t written and heard ~tsaid, even T known whole If IS not by chance that the by those who have spent some tune m b company, epmde of what Elhs has called "converslon," whlch that EWseyes are blue or grey I have .rt on un- occurs m h~sDance of Lgfe, dates back to b youth- unpeachable authority that they are green Won- ful days m Austraha, to the tune In whlch Kanga drous reports reach us of hls helght and thnness, Creek 1s placed In hun especially IS the youth and he becomes, m appearance, a composite of Walt father to the man Before he has left the hospital, Wh~tman,Leo Tolstoy, Rabmdranath Tagore and even m hls student days, he has maugurated the Bernard Shaw If he were any taller, one lady has famous MerdSenes of Enghh dramatmts and declared, he would reach to heaven, and ~f he were the equally notable Contemporwly Snence Senee, any hnerhe would be mmsible As a matter of whlch mntmued down to the days of 1914,-a vltal stst&cs, Havelock Eb1s 5 feet, 10% mches record of a quartercentury See once more how tall and welghs, today, around 155 pounds He art and sclence go hand m hand, whatever he does has earned a reputation for bemg a recluse, yet no Ehhas left hrs unpress upon most of the prov- man, for all ius avoidance of the crowd, for all his lnces of hmg HISmvestlgahorn mto the psychol- mwerence to the rostrum and the pubhc dmner, ogy of colors, of nations,-mto the newer phases IS more accessible of sex study, have yet to appear m book form, L~kethe man IS IS work Outwardly austere, ~t although they have m some cases long ago come proves the gateway to a fuller, freer, deeper and out as magazme arbcles Back m 1898, and agam happier livmg

Man of Science, Artist and Gentleman ByH L M~NCKEN

AVELOCK ELLIB, m more than one way, 1s the of artmess He sees the world he hves m as a whole H most admuable Enghhman of hu tune The and hs mew of ~tIS shrewd and serene Nmeteenth Century, m g~mgthe world the man Such a man would be valuable to the human race of sclence, dealt left-handed blows at both the artlst 1f he sunply hved But Ekhas also done a great and the gentleman But Ek IS all three-an deal of hard work, and ~thas counted I know of almost perfect specunen of the well-rounded man, no work of the past half century that has had a at home m all the fields of knowledge and yet mlss- more profound mfluence, or seems hkely to leave mg none of the enchantments of beauty and none behd ~t a greater legacy of good, than hu slx of the fine savors of hfe Itself He 1s an Enghsh- volumes of "Stuhes m the Psychology of Sex" man of the purest stock, and a smcere patnot, yet Compare the hterature on the subject that pre- he IS no chaumt, no bellowmg Johnny Bull He ceded it, and the lrterature that has followed ~t In 1s a sclenhst of unmense knowledge and genume the latter a wholly new pomt of mew IS miblt+-and sc~entficpasslon, yet he IS no pedant, no slave of a new courage Ek, at one stroke, destroyed one the laboratory He beheves thoroughly m human of the worst taboos of clhdmen He completely progress, yet a cibdskepticism lmgers m ius revolut~olllzeda whole department of thkmg dream He IS an artlst devoid of the famtest trace That servlce, I beheve, d not be forgotten The Outline of Marriage

HAT I now propose to do IS to call to the A Su, the term "matmg" is one whch I myself witness stand a biologst, who mll describe should never have chosen to describe the mons of toW us the prlrmtive mating customs, not of the the protozoa As to their character, they are of human species, nor yet of any of the higher forms two hstmct lunds There is the lund of mon m of hfe, but of the original protoplasmc entities whlch two separate mdmduals mte to form one from which we have sprung Please take the stand, new mdmdual-a ventable mon for hfel You sir You are a biologist, I beheveo may, d you wd, find there the true onpal mar- nage whch our human lovers seek vdyto emu- The Blo1ogu.t Taker the Stand late Agam, there 1s another hdof mon, tem- BIOLOGIST Yes porary but profound, m whch the two mdmduals THE mur and share each other's nuclear content, so that Q Will you please tell us what were the matmg when they separate each has lost part of itself and habits of the earhest hvmg bangs* gamed part of the other That IS shanng each A I'm very sorry But I can't. You see, I other, ~f you &el And perhaps the profound ex- wasn't there tent of that shanng may, m the eyes of you an- - Q You weren't where' thropomorphc morahsts, excuse its superficially A On the earth, a thousand donyears ago, temporary aspect Each of these mfusonan lovers before there was any dry land, and the sea was (dyou msh to call them that-d you, I don't!) warm, and the first hfe, m the form of mmscopic carnes away mth itself (I cannot say "hunself" or b~tsof protoplasm~cjelly, began to mfest these "herself," because thls won though sexual takes warm seas place mthout any sexual &fferentmbon of the two Q Strangeyou say you weren't there? mdmduals as male and female)-each carries away A Idldsorem~~k. from the km a hmghalf of the other, now mb- Q Then how do you come to know so much about tmgmshably umted mth itself And by the way, lt 2 How do you know the sea was wrum? I am not speakmg entuely metaphorically when I A A logcal mference from geoloec data say "the Inss," for m some of these specles it IS by Q Then please make some logwal mferenees for jomg of mouth to mouth that the syngamy, as we us, on th~~subject-the mahg customs of the call thlS man, IS effected As, for mstance, mth moneron. the shpper anmalcule, which IS a slngle cell, dmded A The moneron, slr, ~san hypothem mvented mto an outer coat or ectoplasm (whch, by the way, by Haeckel-a one-celled creature composed of un- m biology has nothmg wbatever to do mth ghosts), hfferentiated protoplasm whch reproduced by dm- and an Inner flwd or nucleus It has, among 1t.s slon, and whch Haeckel supposed to have been the few organs, a mouth Well, then, the two shpper ongmal form of hfe As to that, I know nothmg snundcules jom, mouth to mouth, and them nuclei There are, of course, one-celled creatures now exlst- melt, fuse mth each other, and redmde, so that a mg, whch have an almost pnmeval slmphmty, but far exchange of part of the nuclear content of each whch nevertheless, even m them slmphuty of struc- mth the other has been effected Then these anmal- ture and habit, bear the marks of untold ages of cules separate and go each its own way Thls ten- evolutionary change These mcroscoplc smgle- der scene has been observed under the mcroscope celled protozoa-r perhaps we mght follow Haeckel m cakg them prohsta, mce they have Umon for Rend not yet become derdehtely malor dehtely vegetable--may serve, of course, to eve us lunts of I am afraid that these ammalcules have no the character of on& hfe If not pnmeval, they notxon of faithfu1ness-d I may speak of the "no- are the nearest we have to the pnmevd But if tlons" of an mfusonan The truly mtlmate umon you mhto draw any analog.les from them, you do whch they have just tlccomphhed does not seem so at your own nsk I mll furn~~hyou the mfor- to endear them one to the other They have un~ted, mahon, and you may make your own conclumons m fact, for a wholly selfish purpose, and ths pur- Q What, then, are the matmg customs of the pose once sccomplished, they go their way, as I have protozoa-d you wdl be so kmd' sad, totally mhfferent to each other The need Bzrth Control Revzew for such a umon arlses agam, after a tune, and Intervals w~thanother md~v~dualIt &es, of course, sgam it 1s fulfilled, but now a new mate IS des~red eventually, anyway, but ~thes much sooner ~f ~t1s I do not suggest any awareness of spec~fic~dent~ty, starved for lack of food or sexual mon It eats, but the presence of other anunalcules not too closely grows, 1s vigorous, reproduces ~tself,and then related (and yet, so choice IS the an~malcule,not grows old, t~red, senile-& nucleus degenerates too distantly related, elther!) is required as a stunu- vls~blyunder the mcroscope, and ~tdles-unless lant to conjugat~on And ~t1s logical enough that conjugat~onoccurs If conjugat~ondoes occur, ~t the animalcule should prefer a new partner, smce grows young agam, hvely, able to fhd food, eat, otherwise it m~ghtslmply get its own old proto- and reproduce itself, until ~t grows old and there plasm back aga~n-whereas ~tsobject m the process 1s need of a new rejuvenescence through conjuga- of syngamy has been to change and renew and re- t~on The earhest use of the sexual process is thus vitahze ~tsown protoplasm by admixture w~thahen for the purpose of ntal refreshment to the t~red protoplasm -I hope you follow me I am trymg orgamsm hard not to be too techn~cal Q Thls 1s very mteresting But-would you Q We understand you perfectly The only mind glving us your authority for these facts? thmg you have not made clear is the connect~onof A There is no need to refer to the origmal in- th~ssexual unlon with reprodud~on vest~gat~onsThese facts are now umversally ac- A But there is no connect~onwhatever cepted I see you have there In your bookcase a Q What! set of the Encyclopeha Br~tanmca Please look up the article "Protozoa " Herelet me read you The Lost Paradme a few passages Volume 22, page 484 "It IS prob- able that In all Pmtozoa, as In the Metazoa, the A Certady not The shpper anmalcule repro- hfe-hstory takes ~tscourse m a serles of recurrent duces by fiss~on-an asexual, not a sexual process, cycles of greater or less extent, a fixed pomt, as ~t as the case w~thall the protozoa Reproduction, were, m the cycle bemg marked by the act of syn- among the protozoa, has nothlng to do w~thsex, gamy or conjugahon, which represents, apparently, and sex has nothing to do mth reproduct~on You a process of recuperat~on for the wamng vltal are the nctm of a false Inference from the hfe- powers of the orgamsm " Mmm Yes-page 485 hab~tsof the metazoa, or many-celled anunals, m wh~chthe two distmct processes have become more Try Syngamy--and Grow Young or less umted But among the protozoa, I assure you, they are qulte d~fferentprocesses, hamg no "Syngamy must not be regarded as m any relation to each other whatever-any more than eat- way spec~allyconnected w~threproducbon, but must mg and reproduct~onamong human bemgs As for be cons~deredm ~tsrelat~on to the hfe-cycle as a reproductlon, it is accomphshed among the protozoa whole, and m those mstances m whch syngamy 1s mthout the mtervent~onof any sexual process-by followed by mcreased reproductwe actlvlty the ex- the s~mplemeans of "sphttmg off" a baby-protozoon planat~onmust be sought m the general phys~o- from the parental body, no co-operat~onmth any log~caleffects of the sexual process upon the v~tal second parent hemg requ~red Reprodud~onmth- powers of the organlsm " Agam " so far out any sexual ~nstmmental~ties1s the pnmeval as the Protozoa are concerned, the phrase 'sexual rule-and the sexual act occurs mthout any repro- reproduct~on' IS an mcongruous combmat~onof dudme consequences whatever It 1s only among words, reproduct~onand sex are two btmd thmgs, forms of life evolved some ndlions of years later not necessarily related 01 m any beet causal con- that we fbd these two ahen processes of sex and nechon " Agam "Many observat~ons~ndl- reproduct~onun~ted-sex becommg at first an ad- cate that the vltal powers of the Protozoa become vent~tiousa~d to reproduction, as ~t1s generally m gradually weakened, and the mdmdual tends to the vegetable hngdom, and finally, among the become semle and effete, unless the process of syn- bgher anunals, a necessary means gamy ~ntervenes The mehate result of the Q But-~f the protozoa do not un~tesexually sexual wonIS a renewal of the vltahty, a rejuvenes- for reproduct~vepurposes, what do they umte for? cence, whch mamfests ~tselfm enhanced powers of A I thought I had told you I sa~dthat they metabohsm, growth and reproduct~on These fads mted m order to renew and revltahze them proto- have been most stuhed m the Chata " My shpper vlasmic or nuclear content bv the admurture of ammalcule, or parameclum, 1s one of the Cdiata, by hen protoplasm And they do that to keep from the way "It IS observed that ~f these orgamsrns dymg At least, ~thas that effect The ~ndmdual be prevented from conjugatmg with others-of then &es ~f there 1s no food, or if it does not umte at hd,they become sen~leand finally d~eoff It has February, 1926 49 been found by G N Calluns, however, that if the body without the sexual co-operation of a parental semle individuals be given a change of medlum and George! But though she has not mshed to hsso- nourishment, their vlgor may be renewed and them ciate reproduchon from sexual instrumentaht~es, hfe prolonged for a time, though not indefinitely, she has wlshed to dlssocwlate the sexual act from re- there comes a time when artlfiaal methods fail and productive consequences And she has succeeded- only the natural process of syngamy can enable she has used sex as what may wwlthout undue poetic them to prolong thelr existence As a general exaggeration be called a means of rejuvenescence, rule, In order that syngamy may be attended by psychic and spiritual as well as physical And ths, beneficial results to the organism, ~t 1s necessary I repeat, instead of bemg a defiance of the natural that the two conjugating mdividuals should be from order of the world of life, is, as we may bepto hfferent strains, that is to say, they should not be suspect, a return to its onginal order-wth possibly nearly related by descent and parentage " That is some great lrnprovements gamed en route enough, I believe Though if you are particulaily At all events, it has now become possible for us interested m the subject I can refer you to varlous- to think, In pursumg our inquiry, of sex and repro- Q Thank you, that wll suffice for the present duction as separate thmgs, mth separate values of And there we are! Instead of bemg, as so many their own in hfe and in marriage of us had fondly supposed, a rebel against the universal order of nature, our young friend Myrtle But What About Reproduction? -whom I hope you have not forgotten in your ex- citement over the mating customs of the protozoa- We shall have more to discover of the duence represents a partial return to what may well have of the sexual unpulse upon the history of marrlage been the onginal scheme of things Myrtle, it is But let us, for a whde, turn to the other great in- true, has not found any method of hanng babies stinct of whch the human institution of marnage by any other than the famliar sexual process, and is an outgrowth-the reproductive instinct For so far as we know, she does not want to find any marriage is only to an extent determined by that such new method, though there are others of her matwlng-impulse of which our fnend Myrtle gave so sex who have complamed of it, and would hke to admirable and convincing an account It is perhaps have it ordered hfferently-and Bernard Shaw has stdl more largely determined by the reproductwe encouraged them to believe that by w~shmg,they impulse-of whose tremendous and magmficent and can help bnng about that change! Myrtle 1s no ternble and msane rage in a vanety of speues, and such extreme radial--or should we say mnserva- its conscious regulat~onby mankind, with the aid tive* She does not wsh to go back to the ways of of the mstitution of marriage, we shall now proceed her most primitive ancestors, and simply "spht off" to take account a baby-Myrtle every now and then from her own (To be contznued nezt month)

A Tribute to Ellis

HATFLOCKELLIS is one of those rare personah- haustive stuhes of the psychology of sex, m hs ties who awaken our admiration by the range mse hscussion of the problems of soc~alhygene of their intellectual mterest no less than by the and m hls mterpretation of the character of a depth of thelr thought, and, at the same tlme, charm people, as exempMed m h~sbook on "The Soul of us by the fehclty of expression and the warmth Spam " He has placed all right thmlung men and and beauty of their play of feelmg Those per- women under everlastmg obhgation and hs tens sonahties not only make contributions to knowl- of thousands of admiring readers, mth one rmnd edge, but also they influence human hfe for good and heart, wd msh hm many further years of Eks has shown himself equally at home m his ex- production and happmess Bzrth Control Revzezu The Position of Havelock Ellis

AVELOCK ELLIS' pos~t~onIS unlque report " In certa~nfields of mqulry, such as the H among the great leaders of our tme sex problem, Mr Ell~shas of course done or~g~nal He IS not an outstand~ngpopular figure, l~ke work of a h~ghorder In certain reforms, such as Wells or Shaw, known to the man m the street as B~rthControl, h~svlslon and valor have been In- a name ~f not as a person d~spensable But not here 1s h~sprlmary and ever- He IS not an embattled prophet, like Bertrand memorable selvlce to h~sgeneration What he has Russell or the late E D Morel, str~kmgm~ghty done, through some glft of temperament or some blows In the fray for righteousness, and bearing h~ghd~sc~plme of spir~t,IS to enfianch~seh~s own away the cruel scars of combat hfe, to develop mthm h~mselfthe whole man, and He IS not a philosopher l~keBergson or a sclen- then, by serene testimony to the wisdom he has t~sthke Emstem, whose creatme ~deasmark an found, to bestow the secret on those ready and epoch m the history of ordered thought able to receive ~t Not d~st~nct~veIn any of these ways, Havelock More fully than any other man of whom I Ellis IS somethmg rarer and finer H~mselfthe know, Havelock Ell~shas d~scoveredand revealed perfect dist~llat~onof everythmg best m our c1v111- what hfe ought to be and may well be To enter zahon, he has for years been an mnfluence, perva- mto h~spresence IS to feel oneself l~ftedup onto sne as the atmosphere and as unmtmswe, makmg those he~ghtswheie some day shall stand the race, for "whatsoever thmgs are true, whatsoever thmgs freed, cleansed, ennobled, strong m the knowledge are just, whatsoever th~ngsare pure, whatsoever and happy in the enjoyment of the more abundant thmgs are lovely, whatsoever thmgs are of good hfe

Havelock Ellis and Human Biology

UMAN bemgs have long been known to be meager knowledge does exlst about thls phase of H curlous annals Endowed mth some de- b~ology, IS the dlrect cause of a great deal of gree of mtelhgence, statlst~callyspeakmg, they human mlsery The apphcat~onof mtelhgence to often behave m an entmely wntelhgent manner the busmess of hvmg would seem to demand that Th IS part~cularly true m respect of behav~or suffermg remehable by such a smple formula as about mtellectual matters It pleases us to be th~should be promptly elmmated But noth~ng greatly interested and amused at the observance of of the sort happens, nor IS ~tl~kely to The taboo taboos by savage peoples A warm glow of su- IS too strong And when ~t comes to further re- per~or~tysuffiises us when we read or hear that an search to extend the bounds of knowledge about Eslumo, for example, wdl not even talk about the biology of sex m man, the pious horror of the somethmg because to do so IS taboo sc~entdicworld m general at the prospect IS dread- But wherem hes the supenor~ty' Nothmg ful to behold could be plamer than that sc~entficmen have Hence it 1s that the normal admrat~onand been, and are, almost completely restra~ned, by respect wh~cheveryone has for the ploneer m any prec~selythe same cons~derat~on,from d~scussmg kmd of enterprise, IS so he~ghtenedin the case of certam matters which are unwersally admtted to Havelock Ells Any sort of pioneermg demands be among the most mportant m the whole domam the hghest type of courage, and when ~tIS mto a of human b~ology I refer specfieally to normal tabooed field the world can have no doubt of the human sex behanor Psychatnsts are perrmtted mtellectual and moral fibre of the ploneer to discuss freely the horr~bledetads of the path- Havelock Eks' Psychology of Sex IS a re- ology of sex w~thoutloss of caste But agamst markable plece of sc~entlficploneermg, wh~chwdl the study or dlscuss~onof the normal biology of stand, for a long tune to come, as one of the class- thls funct~onthere IS a potent taboo Every med- ~csof human b~ology It contams errors, some du- ical man, every psycholog~st,and every soaologlst, b~ousreasomng, and does not everywhere &play knows that the suppression by taboo of what that hterary skdl m presentat~onwhich later came to ~tsdlstlngulshed author But when and where Psychology of Sex 1s a plece of sc~entlficresearch was ever a pronemng enterprise perfect m all ~tsof a hlgh order of merlt Few workers m any details? The important thmg 1s that ~tbroke new field of sclence, and particularly few m sociology ground It assembled substantially all that was and psychology, have handled a matenal at once known at the tune about the blology of human so broad m ~tsscope and so mtrlcate m ~tsdetah, sex, and m domg thls showed clearly where the wlth anythmg approachmg the mslght, ongmal- gaps m knowledge were, what problems were of ~ty,and judgment whlch thls work &splays the greatest unportance, and, m conslderable de- No saent&c man wlll begrudge the llterary gree, how ~twould probably be profitable to attack them Does ~t especially matter, m the face of so fame whlch hss deservedly come to Havelock Ellls conslderable an achievement as thls, that tune has m the last twenty years or so But there does shown that some thlngs m the work are open to arlse the age-old regret about the unposslbll~tyof crltlclsmz both havlng and eatmg one's cake If the hterary TOwrite these volumes at all requlred a degree world was the gamer, surely sclence was the loser, and lund of courage whlch few sclentlfic men pos- when Havelock Ell~sturned from hls mvestlga- sess I belleve that, to the shame of manklnd be tlons m the blology of sex to other lmes of endeavor ~t sald, ~t 1s st111 not permitted to dlsplay and sell But every student of human blology 1s deeply them freely In any Enghsh speakmg country grateful for the endurmg monument whlch he left But qulte apart from th~saspect of the case, the us to remember him by

Havelock Ellis ; An Appreciation

T IS Indeed a pleasure to contr~buteto th But not only does he foresee the dlrect matenal I number of the BIRTHCONTROL REVIEW a bnef bendts from the apphcatlon of sclence to race bet- trlbute to the work and duence of Havelock terment, hu vvlslon Includes Ideals whlch bear on Ek, to whom the number 1s de&cated Specla- man's rel~gousand normal hfe as well As he m llsts who can wnte authorltatlvely m thew own one place says "The hope of the future hes m fields, but who nevertheless have a breadth of knowledge and a balance of judgment whph the slow development of those hablts, those soclal enable them to dlscuss the wlde apphcatlons of msbnds arlslng lnevltably out of the actual facts thelr subject m all ~tsrelations, are relatively rare, of hfe and deeper than saence, deeper than morals and are sadly needed m the saences, and part~cu- The new sense of responslbhty, of responslblllty larly m those less "exact" sciences, such as soclol- not only for the human hves that now are, but for ogv, m whlch too often unverifiable opmons pa- the new human hves that are to come, 1s a soclal rade as facts The combmatlon of these abhtles lnstlnct of thls fundamental nature Therem lles seems to me perhaps to be EM outstandmg ~tsvltahty and ~tspromlse " charactenstlc, as evidenced by hls many and vaned wrltlngs As an authority on crmmology, for ex- Flnally may be mentioned Ellls' courage m fol- ample, he 1s preeminent Hls ablllty to see the lowmg wherever truth may lead Thls character- broad bearlngs of hls subject may be Illustrated by vlstlc 1s exemphfied by hls fearless ldentlficatlon hls comprehenswe grasp ind understandmg of the suns and program of eugemcs, whlle hls clear per- w~ththe Bnth Control movement, as a result of ceptlon of the relatlon between the herehtary and hls clear conception of the place of Birth Control environmental (euthemc) soaologlcal duences as an amelorat1ve soc~almfluence and as an ~m- glves good evldence of hs ju&clal po~se portant factor m raclal development Bzrth Control Revzew MARRIED LOVE Letters Whzch Show How zt May Be Starved lo Death -

"To one an whom the dessre attaana a clear self-consctousness, the sez desire re- veals stself as a dessre for per~omlantamacy of a unsque and prccaous ksnd And thzs con- nects at mth all that as most valuable tn human bfe Excluszon of the sex relataon from marned ltfe tends clearly to per~orialestrangement sf not also to nemous du- order "-WAXNEB FITE

Seven Years Parted help me for I'm sure you will I nearly dled In the first Pennsylvan~a stages of pregnancy-frightfully 111, couldn't stop nausea My wlfe has been away from me for seven years and day or night-that alone my husband can't forget Hc if I could show her somethmg whereby she would not have brought me tea, crackers, &d what he could for me, but any more chddren she would come back I am hke a num- nothing could help He dld thmgs here in the house and ber of other people, dumb I would not want to burden then worked 16 hours on the farm He can't forget ~t her w~thany more than what we have got whch is two Do you blame hm? now She would come back but one thlng holds her away I would go through it agam ~f he would live naturally, If you can I surely would appreciate something that I but hls wdl power 1s so great he won't Here is my trou- would show her so that she would have no cause to worrj ble now for the future He needs me terrlbly His health is not good, he is nervous and I am worrled slck because he has these night "He Needs Me Terribly" sweats some times I'm a Catholic which is one reason Maryland my husband has not taken hs love-hfe, fearlng that ~f ~t I have been marrled ten years and have two chddren came to the hfe of mother or babe, baby would have to be I am not quite thity, but my husband 1s past 40 He 1s spared I would rather not thmk of that, but even if I very good and true to me, and not at all a passlonate man am a Catholic, I am a broad-mlnded Catholic in really There is four years' difference between my children, but every way and if I was caught I really would go through the fact of that is severe, for thls reason, and why I am wlth chddblrth whch, after a month's tlme, has already writing you We do not have the lovehfe because he is taken root and 1s considered wrong by the church But I afrald He doesn't want any chddren because we are am worrled now over my husband and want to help hlm farmers and we have a great load, financially, and he says He really suffers and, as he says, we can't keep ths up we cannot hav~chldren He believes that a chld should forever Thls is the fifth year now and not once has he greatly be desired and there should be some money in slght taken the chance He seems to be under a terrlble stram for that chld For three years about after our httle now, 1s troubled with pams m the back In your book qrl was born we had no lovel~fe We elther slept apart you speak somethmg of the harm of practlslng absolute or he refralned from hls deslres That &d for awhde denlal Oh, please help me to let my husband come I- Then when I was sure I wouldn't be caught agam I Im- to me and tell me what I can do He loves me but not plored hm to lwe naturally, and he dld then, for one llke he would d he could have me I am not ashamed to month, and then the second chdd, the httle boy came wnte that because the time this afternoon has been rlpe That was or dlbe five years ago ths comlng March I for me to wnte I feel he will love me more because it's must be very susceptible or low of womb for I am not dreary enough back here on the farm and there are other passlonate, but try to treat the sexual embrace the way men who hve happdy and do not have a lot of chldren, I should, be natural and play the part, for you know, but the fear of havlng any more slmply obstructs the love- ~t'sso different a hfe from what all grls expect I was Me mtb us It really can't go on, and he is not well and only 19 when I marlled and just out of the convent happy, so I want you to help me I don't want to lose all school I do not regret my marriage, or would not undo my good looks or health, but I want to hefor my man any part of ~t I would gladly go through all the agony I would &e for hm, of course, but that's why I'm wrltlng of chlld-birth agam ~f I could help my husband I must you I don't want to go on hke thls e~ther,~t's really tell you all ths SO YOU can know, so you can advlse and impossible and so unnatural that I know you can help me. February, 1926 53 Living Apart doctors say not to beheve anythlng about bemg sure of w~~~~~~~~antlsept~c and mll never glve me one only that makes me After the purchase and readlng of your book, Woman come PrefFant again 1 often tlunk what's the use of and the New Race, want to say tbat I endorse every word llv'"g We have not had an ln~ercourseIn a Year and a of it and say on anth the work and may the tlme soon half I long for my good husband's love but we can't come when the laws of the Unlted States wlll not proh~blt have the because he sad he would go crazy marr~edpeople from knowing how to avold brmging Into lf I dlcd 1 have heart trouble and often faint three the world more chlldren than they can care for Your times a week and am nervous Every week my husband book appeals to me because of the fact that my w~feand comb home I can see lt 1s telhng on him, but he tells me I are hvmg apart today and have been for almost seven to wait as he knows what the doctor told him and he does years, only seelng one another once or twce a year We not want me to die Please P'e me a good contraceptive have two sweet chddren, a boy 10 and gd7, and we both Then I could give my husband my true love for him thlnk that 1s as many as we can care for properly, so Please let me how If there 1s any way at all through fear of becom~ng a mother agaln and rather than to do ~t we heapart, not because we do not love "I am Afratd He WtU GO Wrong" each other, but because the ones who know these thlngs Indtana wlll not tell me what to do or what to use to prevent con- I am 36 years old, the mother of 4 chlldren, all hvlng cept~on If I had thls knowledge I could be lmng wlth I have been marrled 11 years, my bahy 1s 13 months old my fadyand be happy If you wll tell me what to do ~t My husband 1s a good man, works hard every day from wlll be held a secret to us as secret as can be I guess 7 o'clock In the morning untll 8 o'clock In the evenmg thls IS a fool~shrequest for I suppose you get thousands He doesn't lose any tlme at all and IS good to me and the of them, but when a father is separated from h~schildren chlldren He earns on an average of $20 per week and 1' and for no other cause than not knowlng what to do and takes every cent for us to hve When our last baby was the doctors tell me there IS no way wlthout qury to the born 13 months ago my husband sald that I shouldn't hcalth of the woman, what 1s a fellow to do? In conclu- have any more chlldren ~f he had to stop havmg sex rela- slon want to thank you for your book and for whatever tlons wth me to stop ~t,that we had all the chddren that you see fit to do for me m the way of help~ngme we could raise and care for and he has made hs word good So far he has not bothered me but very few tlmes "It Isn't Rzght for a Strong Man" hut I am so afrald that thls practlce mil cause him to nhnols go wrong I love hlm so well that I can't bear the thought I am the mother of three chlldren and am thrty-three of hlm belng mth other women I don't know that he vears old I had to have two doctors each time the has but you know a man's nature and I am afrald ?hat he chlldren were born Am m bad health at present, caused dl If YOU can wrlte and tell what I can do so I can by not belng taken care of properly when my last chld meet my husband's and not pregnant I do not was born I hve m constant dread of having another want any more chlldren myself hut I am afrald I w~lllose rhld and leavlng my chldren for someone else to ralse "1~husband's love I have asked my physm~anto tell me some preventwe but he just laughs and tells me to use a douche My husband "I Could Not Do It" tries to stay away from me as much as posslble but that Tennessee Isn't right for a strong man only thrty-SIX Oh, please I am commg to you for help I have been married three tell me something I can use to prevent this tern& dre years and have glven blrth to two chddren In less than that I have mth me all the tlme You are certainly doing two years I hve In dread now for fear I wdl find I am a wonderful work and 1 am glad to thmk my children dl pregnant agaln My baby IS six months old I would not have th~ngsbetter than I d~d mmd having more ch~ldren~f only they would not come so close together I d~dnot have t&e to regaln my "He Does Not Want Me TO Die" strength after my first baby came untd mv second one Oh0 came- Now I am nervous and so weak I can hardly do I have just fin~shed readmg your three books and my work Before my first bahy came I was as stout as I surely think they are pnceless to me I was marned anyone would care to be Won't you please tell me about four years ago and have two chlldren but the doctor says a contraceptlve? No one an11 ever know and so ~t w11 the nest one wlll klll me I work n~ghtsIn my uncle's never harm you and WIII be a wonderful blesslng to me prlnt shop and my husband IS a fireman on the lakes We My husband and I have talked of glwng up all sexual lost everyth~ngwe had m the tornado of June 25 I am mtercourse but you know how miserable that would make sure you read about ~t m the papers Now I have gone us I could not do lt I would rather be dead I shall back to work m the underwear factory and I am run- welt and watch for an answer from you more eagerly nlng a sewmg machme and have been worlung at ~t f than I would d I knew you would withhold the mforma- years Is thls why I come pregnant very easy The tlon, and ~nclosea check for $100 Instead Bzrth Control Revzero What Shall They Know? A Sketch By HUGHDE SELINCOURT ES, she does her work so well as it can be months and more No one won't adopt the bab~es "Ydone Takes a pride m her work Reliable No one won't employ her What's to become of Trust her w~thanythmg And a nice person to her' What ~sto become of her?" have about the house, so good-natured and whg, She looked at me angrdy and added "Tell so sort of pleasant, you know " me that!" Mrs Burn's face became more lined with I asked her how many married women in the troubled thought Mrs Burn is a friend of mme, dage had kept then health and self-respect, hk- and I listened to her mth the utmost mterest and mg to address the rebel buried m her heart, not great pleasure that she should have confidence very deeply the rebel m the hearts of most women enough m me to speak to me of what I knew to IS not buried very deeply, except m phdanthrop~c be troubhg her lund heart However cut and ladles dned our opmons may be, our hearts are apt to remam troubled when we have daughters of our own, much loved OW, please," she sald seriously, "because I "I don't know what IS to be done That's a "N can't help thmking this poor gwl is a ace grl fact I don't know The first tune well, and does her work well, which she does for there's people are charitable They'll overlook it once good m the worst of us and bad m the best of us, and hush ~tup and the baby's adopted But twice don't you go thmlung I'll have any truck w~th and now twms Her own father and mother mckedness and immorality and loose livmg No won't have her near them Say she's a &grace The wages of sm is death That was meant to the famlly And who's to blame them' l'wms Make it easy to be wicked The ldea! I know and both boys Not a fnend m the world Not what you're gomg to sayl" "Then you know one single friend And the man's a married man more than I do" I threw m, but she went on, and she won't menbon hs name Don't seem able defendmg herself hotly agamst rebel thoughts in to help herself m just thu one thmg Says her own mmd, ignormg my mterruptlon she trusted hun Did ever you hear such non- "What the world would come to if it were m sense! Trusted him! And you couldn't go to call women's hands, I don't know There's quite her a fool, not in other thmgs Mmd you this, enough mckedness already, God knows, aye and ~t'snot the nasty ones as get mto trouble Not them as don't blmd themelves to facts as stares they They're far too sly You don't catch them them m the faces And ~f ~t was m women's trusting a man They're cold and careful and sly hands to have bables only when they wanted them, And not a friend to stand by her, now Not one the amount of immorahty! Look at the freedom Tms both boys It's disgraceful and wicked these young slips of things have alreadv! Flylng and her such a mce gul too m other ways " all over the countryside sittmg up behmd a chap on h~smotor b~cycle! Why when I was a girl To say nothing of their httle short slurts and ALL the good people m our vdlage looked flesh colored stockmgs!" upon the young woman as an outrage to them decency Mrs Burn agreed with them un- "Yes!" I said, "It's all very sad What are questiomgly One benevolent lady, the matron you gomg to do about the young women m the samt of the vdlage, after praymg for a long tune Umon 2'' for grace to speak to such a creature, had received "To do? There's only one thg that can be suffic~entgrace not only to speak to her but even done I'm movlng heaven and earth to get to do all m her power to get her received mto a her taken m by an assoc~ationwhere gills hein home for fallen women where she had mfluence their own rooms and go out as servants for the through bemg related to a well-known Bishop day But those two boy-babies Even if she Mrs Burn told me this m Drruse of the benevo- gets taken m What sort of a hfe well lent lady's broadmmdedness; yet I was aware, as one ~t mght be possible, but two to feed she told me, of her own deep sympathy wlth the and keep clean A woman's got only a certam w~ckedyoung woman's rejection of the kmd offer amount of strength, wihg though she be " "She's m the Umon, now Been there for three Mrs Burn stopped, 1ost-m her'thoughts February, 1926 "But she wanted the bab~es," I gently rubbed man's name, which would br~nghell mto hls hfe lt m as well as mto hen " "Wanted them!" she cr~edout "Now they're She shook her head, showmg the utmost dLs- there, and she's feedmg them, poor httle souls1 approval What woman could help herself, and ~t'sjust "I believe ~f the truth were known you'd like the lovmg them makes 'em a proper torment But two of them to be happy m thelr w~ckedness I what's the good of tallung to you? No man could don't know why I talk to you at all about such understand that " thmgs I don't really" "Men love bab~es," I ventured to say "Oh yes, you do know," I cned "You talk to "Men love babies!" she pos~tively snorted me, because I've a daughter of my own, and ~t's "Dandle 'em and pet 'em when they're all pretty the most mterest~ngand important thng m the and clean What do men know about bab1es2 whole world I must know So you are lund and What a man wants talk to me from your own experience, because you She stopped suddenly know how much I love my daughter " "A woman doesn't like that, too, of course" I became at that moment just a man In d~fficulty "Now look here," she sa~d,almost fierce, she tallung to a woman m d~fficulty in d~fficultybe- had to be so firm, "Men and women have got to fore the mystery of hfe and conduct. the d~fficulty, hve clean and proper " never shght, becomes cruc~al,becomes agonismg, "I thought you said she was a mce gd, wdmg when ~t affects not ourselves but those whom we and pleasant " lovethose m whom because of our love, we hve "I said there's good m the worst of us and bad "Wanted ch~ldren!" I dreamed aloud "Sup- m the best of us " pose the world were peopled with wanted ch11- "And wh~chIS wh~ch?''I asked, bgto con- dren " fuse her, hking to stn up the rebel and the slave It was all rebel that looked out of her eyes at to the world, to fight ~t out together me, but there were no words w~thwh~ch the rebel We were about the same age, but the question could make the feelmg m ha heart thought clear changed her, as such quest~onsalways dehghtfully m her mmd The words had been appropriated d~d,Into a large kmd mother and changed me mto by the other s~dehad become st~cksto beat down a naughty small boy the mmute part~cular shoots of tenderness, the "Everyone knows what 1s r~ghtand what 1s young green growth Immoral~ty! How 1s ~t wrong," thls lmposmg person affirmed poss~blethat a lovlng parent could w~sha beloved chdd to be ~mmoral! An unmoral woman-one's heart qua~ledmth fear "OH, yes, of course," I answered me- Yet somehow I found myself hummmg the old hately "Only as you put the g~rl'scase catch, spurred on perhaps by the rebel that looked to me she seems to be paymg the penalty of her out of Mrs Burn's kmd, homely face, (so sub- warmth and wdmgness and warmheartedness and stant~allykmd her face, so undylng the rebel!) lack of slyness and excess of trustmgness You "Slaves to the world should be tossed m a know,too, you respect her for not telhg the blanket "

A Great Teacher

I DESIRE to add my humble tribute of admiration men and great subjects-all of vltal and absorbing and esteem to that of the host of smcere ad- mterest to mankind mlrers of Havelock Ell~sI think I may truthfully I have done what I could to spread his renown say that I have read almost everything issued under and I believe that the tlme w~llcome, if it has not h~sname, beg~nnlngwith the first publicat~onof already come, when he w~llbe looked upon as the hn great work "The Psychology of Sex"-wh~ch greatest teacher of h~sage on social questions to the shame of hls country ~tsPecksniffs compelled Many of his enlightened views on sex md nlnrrlnge h~mto have pubhshed m th~scountry-and h~sad- have already borne fruitful blesslngs, and rnde the mrable studies, essays and monographs on great world we live in better, wwer and happm BE)th Control Rezzew A True Radical

radical is not rabid, nor is the true revo- sound scientific view of nature and at the same lutionlst wantonly destructive The radxal tune developing the emotlons harmoniously The goesTHE to the root of thlngs but he does not neces- retention of the word rel~gionenables one to make sarily tear things up by the roots The evll may the transition from a superstitious to a scientific not be In the plant itself but in the parasites m- ideology with less difficulty festing- the roots Havelock Ellis seems to be completely emancl- Thus Havelock Ellls strips from the concept of pated from false notlons, but he does not shock the religlon all that is unsound and sclentlfically m- sensitive by shoutmg the truth so blatantly as to accurate, and at the same time shows that science antagomze He has bullt a bridge over the chasm r~ghtlyunderstood is not at variance wlth the m- dlvidmg the uncertain sands of false tradition from stlnct of mysticism or rehgion the solid rock of radlcal and correct thlnking and feelmg He beckons to all to follow and those who "If indeed by 'science' we mean the organlza- fear to jump may walk t~onof an intellectual relationship to the world we To many of false modesty sex is a subject either live in adequate to give us some degree of power too disgustmg or too sacred to mention Elhs over that world, and if by 'mystmsm' we mean the treats it in a way so objective and at the same joyful organization of an emotional relatlons'nip to time so slncere that hls readers gain an altogether the world conceived as a whole, the opposition new pomt of view without reallzlng how radically wh~chwe usually assume to exist between them ~s they have changed His news of rehgion, law, of comparatively modern origin " and moralltv are sclentlfic, idealistic, and pro- We may not all agree with Ellis' terminology but foundly radical Hls most revolutionary thoughts what scient~stcan object to his essential idea? He are convmcmgly expressed To hear or to read emphasues the importance of adoptmg a perfectly them is to adopt them

A Year's Progress As Repo~tedat the Annual Meetzng of the Ameacan Bzrth Control League

XPANSION during 1925 and recognition by accessible quarters at 46 East 15th Street and had the varlous departments that they should ex- plans well under way to open a branch m Brooklyn pandE on a larger scale during 1926 m order to keep The two Chlcago clmics this year reported on a up wlth the spread of Interest In Blrth Control large number of cases * In Cahforma the three throughout the country was what stood out m the leagues were each at the end of 1925 carrymg on reports read at the annual meeting of the Amerlcan cllnical work and Phdndelpha and two western Birth Control League, which was held at the house clt1e.s were workmg toward the estabhshment of of Mrs Dexter Blagden on January 12th chmcs The executive secretary, Anne Kennedy, re- The new events of 1925 were the extension of capitulated accomphshments, both along the older educational work through the Slxth Intenatlonal lines of work and m new fields The older branches Nee-Malthusian Conference, the lecture tours of of work included mcreaslng membership, which Dr Cooper, Medical Director of the Chcal Re- now numbers more than 40,000, extending educa- search Department and the qtarting of federal work tional work, meetmg the needs expressed in mth headquarters at Washmgton Largely as a "Mothers' Letters," pushmg state bas m New result of the mternatlonal conference our speakers York, New Jersey and Connecticut and carrgrmg were more in demand than ever before Among on clmcal research work Chcal work showed Mrs Sanger's lectures were mcluded addresses at great and encouraging expansion Columbia Umverslty, Harvard, Unlverslty of Ch- The research department of the League m New cago, Yale, Bryn Mawr and Tufts College Dr York moved, toward the end of the year, to more Yethe December RE-W, page 561 Cooper's three lecture tours were a dmect out- Dr Hannah M Stone, for the ChcalResearch growth of the contraceptive session at the mter- Department, reported 1,655 patlents durmg the national conference They were arranged m re- year, about a third of whom were sent by orgamza- sponse to requests from medical soc~etlesand cov- tions, the rest by mdmduals or through apphca- ered the far west, the mlddle west and the south tions for help to the Motherhood Department The In 27 states he was heard by more than 7,800 people full report of the Cllnlcal Research Department at 68 medlcal and 28 non-med~calmeetmgs 4,600 dlbe pubhshed later of h~shearers were physicians Everywhere he met The BIRTH CONTROLREVIEW has, dumg 1925, mth enthusiasm whlch needed to be crystahzed into so far as the hm~tsof ~tsslze and materlal resources organized work for B~rthControl and he urged permitted, reflected the expansion of publlc Inter- strongly that orgamzers be sent out by the league est It has published more than fifty signed articles to clties where he had spoken as soon as practicable and thirty book reviews and has added many names to those of contributors m former years In news The Motherhood Department and comment on press and penodds and m com- For the Motherhood Department Bertha Potter ment on books ~t has made an effort to keep up Smith reported 28,384 Mothers' Letters received w~ththe world on Birth Control-that IS, to ex- durlng the year "We have letters," sa~dMrs press the unorganized as well as the organized Smith, "from mothers of many chlldren, young support mothers and older ones, who are struggling on Thls has been a blgger undertaking than m other agamst time and poverty, with nothmg to look for- years for support from the world of science and ward to but death as nature sends ~t,and a strong soc~alreform, as well as from the general pubhc lure to end ~tall by means of the rlver or other ways 1s growmg mth the rapldity of a snowball started known to man They come also from mothers who rolhng The REVIEW has noted, m the last six forget then own tragic state, and appeal for help months or a httle over, two scientific and no less for thew chlldren We hear from mothers m the than ten general books spec16.cally on Birth Con- coal d~stnctswho have spent three winters under trol, as well as a large number of books on popula- strikers' orders-many llving m tents-begging m tlon and eugemcs whose authors ardently support behalf of bables slck and dymg from lack of warmth ths most fundamental of all measures and clothes Is ~tany wonder that they turn to us for help for the future-for rehef from further chlldbearmg untll conditions brighten*" Of the means of rehef Mrs Smth sald "For Support WLU contmue to grow m 1926, and the the mothers who cannot reach the chcs m New report expressed the hope that the magazme would York, Illmols and Cahforma, we locate a doctor expand m proportion and would gradually "hft it- near them who is Interested m our work and has self to equahty mth the outstandmg magazmes signdied his mlhngness to help, or fa~lmgthis, we whch are moldmg modern thought An ideal ask the name of the famlly doctor and write to h~mBIRTH CONTROLREVIEW,'' ~t contmues, "would asklng ~f he mll co-operate mth our doctors in have almost the scope of a general magame, for helping cases referred to hun and assurmg hun that the subject underhes the whole of human hfe, it advice as to methods and supphes WLU be furmshed hes at the foundation of the mam problems of upon his consent We have now m our Nes the human society, and the best way to educate the names of some 6,000 doctors who have signified pubhc as to ~tslmportance IS m the pages of a fist- their Interest m our work Ths 1s a live file " class magazme "

T= personahty of Havelock ELLs IS that of a ELLISpossesses the unequaled pndege of samty student, thoughtful, preoccupied, boolush, de- and the lofty Joy of the Just s~lrltAt a time when most everybody's gone daffy he remains lucld hberate* Yet dke students he has a of At a time when the others. most of them. don't grand air of Nature about hn-a fke, free head know what they're about, he's aware of h~mself and figure as of some great ~,,dpan, mth distant There's war m his world but peace m hls heart He's cold enough to be reasonable and warm relatlOns amongthe -Enwm CmpENTm enough to be persuasive -HORACETRAUBEL m m "My Days and Dreams " The Conservator, 1917 Btrth Control Reww A Bibliography of Havelock Ellis A bt wh~chshows that the same persoltalgty, at once saenturt, arturt, observer and fnend of homamty, mns through the pages of all of Havelock Ells' works

ATES are not the most important thing m mto the mold of the mterpretative essay, or per- D an author's career, but m the caw of Have- haps into a sonnet, or a dialogue, or an entry m a lock Ellls a bibhography IS pecuharly re- journal-as unclassifiable as life itself, and em- vealmg It serves to show graphically the unity phasizes the fact that hs mportsnce lies less in fill- that has run through the seemmg diversity of hs ing particular ruches of knowledge or "covering" long stream of books For though he has written certam literary figures, than in giving to the world "scient&' works and works of "literary ntic~sm," as he writes of those things m hfe that interest him, it is not enough to call hm a scientist and a man the rounded plcture of a nature mestmable rare of letters These terms suggest boundaries of scope which do not exist for hm, and hide the mportant fact that his works may most fitly be considered as HE readers of BIRTHCONTEOL REVIEW d separate revelations of a unique personality It is Tbe glad to learn that the ommous words "and a personality of passion and msight that has en- final" in the t~tleof the third series of "Impressions tered deep mto hfe m every phase and striven and Comments" do not mean any cessation of liter- through the written word to record its mpressions ary activity on the part of Havelock Elhs For and m turn to put its lmprlnt on the hfe that is he is at work on two new volumes-and doubtless commg Into bemg-and whether it works through in time there will be not a few more A few of the the techmque of scientdk scholarship or through works he once projected have mdeed been left by the medium of mterpretative criticism, or m some the way, notably the series of books on genius men- other way, is but madental tioned m "A Study of British Gemus " But new Thus, the fist two books of Havelock Ellis were books and new editions of old books are definitely a study of five literary personages, and a ploneer- assured There will be a seventh volume to the mg treatise on crimmology It is probable, mdeed, "Studies m the Psychology of Sex" differmg some- that there are but few readers of one of these books what from the others in being made up largely of who have also read the other But to understand "case-histories" of a psychoanalyt~cnature, and an hun well is to see how both subjects and both forms elaborate study of a series of dreams The other are mevitable to his nature, and to pass m appre- book wlll be a comprehensive collection of related ciation from one to the other as easily as he did m essays called "Europe " The Houghton M~ffl~n wnting them smultaneously For thls range of Co are planning a Collected Edition of his works subject-matter is not "versatihty" nor the work of and for that several revisions and new prefaces are a rlght and a left hand Ignorant of each other, but In process the natural expression of a man who has taken all Chronologically arranged his books are life for hs province-and especially life where it is most complex and disputable He lets his specu- THENEW Spmm 1890 (Studlea of l~teraryperson- latlons and findings drop Into the form that seems al~t~esThe thlrd edhon In 1892 had a new preface, at most fitting to them-and if the first two volumes the back were quoted some of the many rev~ewsof the of his "technical" sex studies are separated chrono- book, rangmg com~cally from enthus~ast~cappro\ed to logicallv by "Affirmations"-surely the finest cnti- shocked denunciat~on The book was reprinted In The cisms of life through the medium of literarv person- Modern L~brary ~n 1920 and la stdl In prmt there alltles we have had in our day-there need be no (A chapter from Affirmat~ons was stuck In the m~ddle surprise Between two others of the studies falls of It ) a philosophic dialogue, between another pair an un- THECBIMINAL 1890 (The first work on the uuhject equalled revelat~onof Spam Sometimes thc "tech- In Engllsh It was revised In 1900 and agaln In 1910 ) nical" and the "literary" are so mlngled in one vol- ume, as m the book on dreams and the later vol- THENATIONALIZATION OF HEALTH 1892 (A study umes of essays, that it would be difficult to say of soc~al~redhggene growing out of the author's med~cal which element predominated evperlences ) The b~bliograph~of Havelock Ellis shows MAN \ND WOMAN 1894 (A work prehm~naryto the h~m,-wlth the molten stream of his thought Studles In the Psychology of Sex Rev~sedIn 1904 and flowmg now into the mold of scholarship, and now 111 1914 ) SEXUALINVEBSION 1897 (The first ~ssuedof the N addhon to the above-hted works Havelock Studles ~n the Psychology of Sex, but later made Volume I Elh has dted or mtten prefaces for a large Two Revlsed m 1915 The first prmtmg contamed con- number of books Between 1887 and 1889 he tnbut~onsby John Addmgton Symonds and was lssued as edited the Mermaid Senes of Elmbethan dram- a collaborat~on,but was mthdrawn at the mslstence of atwts, whch mcluded nmeteen volumes From Symonds' executors ) 1889 to 1914 he e&ted the Contemporary Science Series, comprwmg forty-seven volumes In 1898 A NOTE ON THE BEDBOEOUGKTBIAL 1897 (A pamphlet about the legal attack on "Sexual Inversion ") he translated Zola's "Gemal" He wrote a lengthy summary of his vlews on sexual subjects AFFIEMATIOAS1897 (Studles of hterary personah- m 191a for "The Modern Treatment of Nervous hes The 1915 repmt has a new preface ) and Mental Diseases," a symposium ehted by Jel- THEEvo~unolu oa MOUESTY SEXUALPEEIODICITY hffe and Wh~te Some of h~smore mportant AUTO-EEOTI~M1899 (Volume One of the Studles m prefaces were for the followmg books the Psychology of Sex Revlsed m 1910 ) Lewes' Life of Goethe, Vasan's L~vesof the Italian Pamters, Heme's Prose, Landor's Imag- THENINETEENTH CENTURY A Dlalogue m Utopla mary Conversations, the works of Ellen Key, 1900 James Hmton's The Law-Breaker , papers of Otto ANALYSISoa THE SEXUALIMPULSE Love and Pmn Braun The Sexual Impulse m Women 1903 (Volume Three of the Stumes Revised m 1913 ) A STUDYoa B~I~HGENIUS 1904 "To my mud ~tseems that cer- thugs are altogether SEXUALSELECTION IN MAN 1905 (Volume Four of too much wrapped m mystery It IS well to keep the fan- the Stud~es) tasles of chddren pure, but them punty d not be pre- EROTICSYXBOLISM The Mechanism of Detumescence served by Ignorance. On the contrary, I beheve that con- The Psychc State m Pregnancy 1906 (Volume F~ve cealment leads a qrl or boy to suspect the truth more of the Studles ) than ever Cur~osltyleads to prplng mto bgswhch THESOUL or SPAIS 1908 would have roused httle or no interest If they were talked

SEXIN RELATIONTO SOC~ETY1910 (COn~ludIDg~01- of openly mthout any fuss If thls ignorance could he ume of the Stuhes ) ma~~~ta~~edI mlght be more reconciled to ~t,but that IS m- possible, the chdd comes mto contact mth other chddren, books fall mto IS hands whch lead ~IIU to reflect, and THEPROBUM OF RACE-REGENERATION1911 (A the mystery w~thwhch thmgs he has already surmised pamphlet Issued as the first of a sen- by vanous authors, New Tracts for the Tmes ) are treated by hls parents actually Increases hs deslre to know more Then tlus deslre that is only mcompletely HYGIENE THETASK oa SOCIAL 1912 and secretly satisfied eves nse to exclternent and corrupts Iarpaessro~sAND COMBLENTS,First Series 1914 hs magmat~on,so that the chdd 1s already a smner whde ESSAYSIN WABTIME 1916 111s parents stlU belleve he does not know what sm 1s " THEPFIXLOSOPHY or CONFLICT 1919 (Essays ) -MULTATUI, 1820-1870

IMPBESSIONSAND COMMENTS, Second Senes 1921

KANGACREEK An Austrahan Idyll 1922 (Writ- HIS book (The Dance of Llfe) has all the ten more than thrty years before pubhcation, not long Tqualities whch have dutmphed the other after the author had returned from Ius stay m Australla, wntmgs of the author, a mde leamg wh~hhe whch ~t treats m seml-autoh~ograph~calmanner ) has asslmdated lnto the substance of hs own THEDANCE ox LIFE 19% thought, a profound and tolerant understandmg of IMPEESSION~AND COMMENTS, Thud (ad Fmal) Serles human nature m ~tsmamfold and changmg expres- 1924 sions, a samty and balance such as only nature or

SONNETS,WITH FOLKSONGSFROMTHE SPANISH 1925 art at its best achieves To read ~tis to refresh one- (The sonnets were written between the ages of seventeen self at the sprmgs of humamsm-ABNOLD BEN- and twenty-five ) NETT m The Bookmum, September, 1923 60 Bzrth Control Revzew Does America Have Too Many Children? A Comzderatzon of Certazn Poplar Ob~ecttonsto Bzrth Control By FRANKH HANXINB,PH D HE Blrth Control movement has become one of which help to keep ahve the weak, the m- T of the most momentous, ~f not the most mo- capable and the defectwe who thus reproduce them mentous, factor m the prospects of western cul- lund more abundantly, secondly, that the superlor ture Its prunary am has not been so much a wdl not surrender the knowledge they have, and reduction m the number of the population as to thlrd, that we can check the relat~veexcess fe- glve women command over then own bodles In cundlty of the mferlor by givmg them as easy and order to accomphsh thls end ~t must estnbllsh effectwe methods of control as are now possessed the right of women to determme for themselves by anyone It IS unprobable that thls would prove whether or not they shall bear chddren, and, if so, mBclently effectwe, so that an lntelllgent com- how many It IS, therefore, a movement whch Is munlty wdl be drlven to the segregat~onor the m dlrect lme with the alms of a democratic clvlh- sterlllzation of an lncreaslng number of strams zation which seeks the maxunum of welfare for each person regardless of sex or soclal rank For A Statzc Populatzon the first tune m modern history ~t IS belng widely recognued that women have personalhes and a The prlmary objection, however, against Birth nght to develop them Ths does not by any Control n that there are already too few bables means unply that women should remaln childless, and great danger of a statlc populatlon Thls 1s on the contrary, ~t may requlre that they become about the most complete bogey that the mlltar- mothers But ~t does requlre that they shall not ~stlc-natlonallst, or cap~tahst-employer, Imagma- be caught m the Iron grip of a relentless round tlon has ever affr~ghteditself wlth In the first of chlld-beanng but shall have some freedom to place, suppose the populatlon should become sta- determme how many chlldren they shall have tlonary, 1s that m Itself a calamity' It should be obvlous to the Infant In economcs and soclal evo- Sczence Masters Nature lutlon that man m recent tlmes would have suf- The Bvth Control movement is also an expres- fered much less ~f there had been fewer of hun slon of the meanlng of modern sclence for clvillza- Improvement of the human lot, other thlngs equal, tlon Ths confers upon man the inestimable boon IS Inversely related to mcrease m his numbers of an mcreasmg control over the essential condl- This 1s certamly true m Amer~ca,now that tlons of h~sexistence This ~t IS which pnmarlly there are no "great open spaces" except mountaln dlstlngulshes our culture from all those whlch have ranges and deserts But we m America certainly preceded ~t Every fresh application of knowl- need not worry over the immment prospect of a edge finds some mdivldual or group to ralse a loud stagnant population A number of painstaking alarm over the terrible consequences that wlll fol- stat~stlcallnvestlgatlons made before the war in- low Even popular education was and st111 1s dlcated that, m spite of the enormous growth of opposed by some mth arguments that appear to cap~taland mventlon, a man's labor was worth less many mmds as loglcal enough It must never be m terms of prunary necessltles than a generation overlooked that Blrth Control knowledge, hamng earller Other studies md~catethat America hav- spread wldely through the commumty, dlnot be ing sklmmed the cream from the nat~onalreservoir glven up Those who understand ~teven crudely wdl henceforth not only work harder but consume cherish ~t as a blt of knowledge hlghly Important a larger proportion of the sklmmed mllk than to then personal welfare If there be emls con- heretofore Wlth an mcrease of fifty per cent In nected wlth ~tsmode of apphcation, the remedy agricultural e5clency and a utlluatlon of all till- must be found not In mere condemnations but m able areas America can ralse food for only 208 more knowledge and more perfect dlssemlnatlon mllllon people What then is the present trend Where, therefore, it is argued that Birth Con- m populat~onz trol has the effect, wh~chwe readlly admlt, of low- ermg the rate of multlpllcation of the superlor Fzf ty Percent Increase wlthout checklng that of the mferlor, one must answer, first, that this same argument apphes to The populatlon of contmental Un~tedStates m modern mehcine, san~tatlonand phdanthropy, all 1900 was m round numbers 76 dons, m 1925 lt was 114 mdlions This 1s an mcrease of 38 That certamly cannot be bettered by opposing donsor fifty per cent m one quarter century Blrth Control whlch has now become a part of the It should be obvlous that such a rate of Increase cherished knowledge of most women of elghteen cannot continue indefkutely Accordmg to a re- above moron mtelligence The problem of qualtty cent News-Bulletm of the National Bureau of cannot be solved by blmd obscurantism, nor by Economlc Research the population of the United trymg to scare people by terrifying grimaces States has Increased at an average annual rate of over lmagmary effects of Blrth Control We must 1,560,000 durmg the past sixteen years Imm~gra- have positive measures The defective and depen- tlon was a considerable factor in this figure, but dent can be prevented from reproducing their it should be noted that durlng this period the an- kind Somethmg more can .. done by the read- nual number of births has mcreased by a quarter justment of economic burdens to maintain the of a mllllon, but the deaths have remamed sta- ideal of the average-sued famlly In the great mid- tionary Consequently, m 1924, the surplus of dle classes of the population Above all, we need blrths over deaths was more than 1,300,005 At to make it clear to the women of the educated and thls rate, without additions from immigration, we successful classes that some chlldren are an ad- shall have nearly twice as many people In 1950 vantage to their own psychical and physiological as we had in 1900 We shall not lack quantity, health and vigor Control will thus add to the how about the quality? san~ty,proportion and dignity of life

Periodical Notes

In The Fom (New York) for December, Havelock IS, had there been no em~grat~onthe population of Elhs appears In two contributions Isaac Goldberg wrltes Europe would be no larger and no smaller than at on "The Youth of Havelock Elhs," and he himself con- present " tnbutes an artlcle to the senes on populatlon "Llfe or Llves" 1s the tltle of Elhs's article It states brlefly and pointedly the proportions of the populatlon problem, Harper's Magaezne 1s publishing a serles of artlcles traces the stages in the development of the movements on marrlage In September Elton Mayo answered, to hls for Birth Control and Eugenlcs and shows how the ac- own sat~sfaction,the questlon "Is Marrlage Monoton- ceptance of Blrth Control has modlfied marnage The ous?" in a rather commonplace artlcle contalnlng much problem of a fuller life for the lndivldual in contra- that was Irrelevant But "The Chaos m Modem Mar- dist~nctionto a myriad of stunted llves 1s summed up in nage" by Beatnce M Hinkle (December) 1s in quite an- his statement that the "real question of population has other category Dr Hlnkle shows that those economlc become how to replace quantity with quallty " Thls he and other conditions whlch have "dlslodged marrlage from belleves to be "the most vltal problem with whlch we can the supreme place In the Interest and hfe of women," and concern ourselves " freed them from the repressions created by a purely do- mestlc hfe and a career of matermty, have led them to demand marnage on their own terms, ~ncludmgeconomlc In The Scwntrjic Monthly (N Y ) for January, Pro- Independence and freedom for self-development "The re- fessor Ezra Bowen of Lafayette College, states emphatlc- lation between the sexes," says Dr Hinkle, "is, perhaps, ally the part that lmmlgration plays as a solution of the In a more healthy and normal state than at any tlme of problem of overpopulation It plays,' m fact, no part, which we have historical knowledge " This IS, she holds, actlng In old and overcrowded countnes merely as a stop because the race can move no higher than the women who gap and perhaps shghtly hastening the tlme when a new bear ~t,and if the old type of maternal woman were to country is filled to the saturation pomt It cannot pre- perslst ~twould become statlc vent the saturation pomt bemg reached in the old nor 1s it needed as an ald to natural lncrease m filhng the new to saturation "Had restnctlon of ~mmlgrat~oncome In The Forum (N Y ) for January, Vilhyalmur Ste- fifty years ago," says Professor Bowen, "the populatlon fansson adds his contrlbutlon to the &scusslon of popu- of the Unlted States would be m number exactly what ~t latlon In "Polar Pastures" he shows, as in an earher 62 Barth Control Reww article in The Wor2d'a Work, how under unrestricted prospect are appabng One m twenty-five of our populatlon the starvation polnt may be put off by cul- present populatlon 1s destlned to go Insane Insanity m- tlvatmg subarcttc repons, by troplcal development, by creased from 118 per 100,000 to 220 per 100,000 m chemstry and by sea-famng "But," he concludes, "(ex- 1920 " cept for wars, fammes or Blrth Control) a more gruesome tragedy m11 come a few centuries or de~uumslater The Amencan Child (N Y ) for January, mscusses ~n when our globe 1s at last compelled to hang out the slgn an emtonal headed "Potters Clay" the relat~onof the 'standmg room only p " parental lnstlnct to child labor It faces the fact that many parents want them chlldren to work too young, but The Chronacle, San Francisco (Cal ) reports a speech lt lays thls to soclal condlt~ons To these conhtlons are before a local men's club by Judge E C Roblnson of Oak- due the ignorance and poverty of parents, and mth hordes land In whlch he lald a large part of dehnquency, feeble- of chlldren to feed a hablt of mlnd is developed that makes mndedness and lnsanrty to the lack of eugemcs legsla- the parent turn to money account en-h paw of hands tlon In urgmg a stenhatlon Isw he stated that not only as soon as ~tIS legally posslbl-r br fore "There 16 no are a large proportion of clvlrlnals feeble-mmded, but one who has done any soclal work who does not reahze '75 to 80 per cent are heremtary cases " In cash value how parental feellng can be thwarted and baffled by the he estimated that we are at the present time loslng from fear of hunger and cold " ths class over $2,000,000,000 a year, and the defective classes have a greater rate of increase than the normal, The PZarndeaZer (Cleveland) quotes Dr J McKeen by 1 per cent a year "The future," said he, '5s a matter Cattell as saylng In hls recent address as ret~nngpresi- of mathematics Elther the burden of the mentally and dent of the Amencan Association for the Advancement phyacally un6t mll break down the capabitg of the nor- of Science "If only the best chldren were born the mal populatlon or them numbers wdl eventually swallow welfare of the world would be advanced beyond reach of the normal population In ather case the con&tlons m practical ~magmatlon"

Youth Speaks in the Churches THOUSAND young men and women at the church mll see that the permanently maladjusted are A Interdenommat~onal Students Congress at cared for m lnstltutlons and their kind not reproduced, Evanston, Ill, heard the followmg appeal by Har- so that succeeding generations will be sound physically, old Ehrensperger, a Garrett B~bhcalInshtute stu- mentally and morally capable of the hlghest thlngs in dent, and endorsed hu address by passlng a Bvth rehgon Control resolut~on "A class of profess~onalpoor has developed m thls "If the thoughtful and mtebgent people of the com- country which slmply slts back, sends out the waslung mumty can be won to the church, that lnstltutlon wdl be and has children," Mr Ehrensperger declared m com- m a posltlon to tackle and solve the problems of such mentlng on the passage of h~sresolutton maladjusted groups as the msane, the feeble-rmnded, the 'Wlthln the past fifty years the populatlon of the criminal, the defectives who are now increasing at an country has Increased 150 per cent, whlle cnme has m- appalhng rate," Ehrensperger told hls youthful hearers creased 445 per cent The cnme lncrease has taken place "In fifty years the populatlon of the country has I- almost ent~relymthm the immigrant classes-those who creased 150 per cent, whle the crvninal classes have m- are Ignorant of Blrth Control knowledge creased 440 per cent "Thls 1s not the fault of the mmlgrant ,hut is due to "Eugemcs rather than economc causes are responsible the lack of sc~entlfichandhng of them problem It IS and ~tIS tlme the church tackled the problem of eugenlcs largely the fault of the church, because the church hasn't Instead of golng out into the byways and slums to rescue reached them the penshmg, in the words of the hymn, we should ascer- "These women of the professional poor would welcome tam just who IS penshmg and who 16 fit to care for the Blrth Control knowledge and would back up a campalgn penshlng Othemse we mll be submerged mth a race of for it Women of the upper classes have had thls knowl- morons edge for years " "The church mll not be fuKIhng ~tsmisslon until ~t The resolution reads has Blrth Control chmcs, psychlatnc servlce which m11 "rRerrolved,that the church take actwe steps to ass& ~tspeople mth thew hehamor problems and other d~ssermnateknowledge of Blrth Control and that maladjustments and thus make possible a healther and the congress go on record and petlt~onthe church happler race Intelhgent people workmg through the to sanct~onster~hzat~on of the mentally unfit " February, 1826 63 Correspondence Street Sehg and other consematwe ~duencesare ready to interfere at any tlme The B~rthControl movement must contlnue Chicago, IU to fight such oppos~t~onhowever man~fested Editor, BIRTHCONTROL REVIEW On the other hand the sale of your esteemed magazlnc Relatwe to the sale of the REVIEWon the streets, I on the streets of a large c~tyglves opportun~tyfor con- am for lt It ~111brmg the REVIEWand the sub~ectto tact mth the masses whch cannot be obtamed m any the notice of thousands who would not othemse know other way Too many people do not know the ex~stence of lt 1 am sorry that ~t 1s not being done ln Chicago, of such a movement as th~sand m~ghtnever know unless I've often mshed ~twere I see nothlng undlgnlfied about ~t1s brought to the~rattent,on on the streets lt, but I would have the seller cry% out but slm~l~It seems to the writer that care should be taken not and lt With a llmlted number of to have the B~rthControl movement become an exclus~ve they had better be d~str~butedas widely as possible, I for the benefit of the few and wealthy, but one mean the location changed from bme to time* to 'Over whch mll be brought to the attention of the rank and the greatet possible ground Wide P~~~~~~~YIs what the file of our populat~onm every posslble way, masmuch as paper and the subject needs I would thmk ~t worth they are the ones who need It most whlle to ask In the REVIEWfor volunteers to sell ~t In all Instead of wlthdrawlng the sale of your magazine from large c~t~es the streets of New York I should encourage ~tssale on Yours very truly, the streets of other large ches In order to spread ~ts 9 sphere of Influence K S B

Berkeley, Cal Edstor, BIRTHCONTROL REVIEW Japan In your ed~torlalof January, 1926, you asked for an In oplnlon as to the adv~sab~htyof contlnumg the sale of Tokyo, Nov 18, 1925 B~rthControl hterature on the streets Editor, BIRTHCOYTROL REVIEW I am not alone In the opmon that whatever bnngs the work of B~rthControl mto unpleasant comment, such All honor to Baroness Ishmoto, who stands publ~cly as the ~mprisonmentof one of the workers on the charge for the B~rthControl movement In her country and among of obstructmg traffic, 1s an obstacle ~n the road to ad- her own people vancement Four reporters who mterv~ewedme on the sh~p,~ntro- I should hke to see the work presented In a dlgn~fied duced the top~cthemselves and used the words Blrth Con- manner to all such men and women's clubs and organlza- trol as freely as they are used nowadays In the Un~ted tlons as can be mterested In the movement I should hke States, though tt was only a few pears ago when the to see Blrth Control departments established In all exlst- phrase was almost new Ing cl~n~csand d~spensanes Berkeley and Oakland have The desk clerk at the hotel of whom I mqu~redas to begun the work in the c~tymspensar~es telephonmg Baroness Ish~motosa~d tt was a common name and the address I had was a busmess address, "d~dn't I Very fa~thfullyyours, hale full first name or any add~tlonalmformatlon?" I E S R,MD sa~dthe name and address was all I had, addmg that the Baroness was actwe ~n the movement for Bwth Control Instantly he sa~d"Oh, yes I know who ~t IS," and tele- Hartford, Conn phoned with confidence Straws show wh~chway the wmd Edstor, BIRTHCOATROL REVIEW blows In an mterv~ewmth me, which was even center front As I note you have requested expressions of oplnlon as to the des~rablhtyof dlscontmumg the sale of the page space in the Japan Tlmes, great emphas~swas put B~THCONTROL REVIEW on the streets of New York, I on Bwth Control am takmg the hberty, as a reader of several years stand- The casual remarks about Blrth Control, the common Ing, to offer my oplnlon use of the phrase, prove that the prel~mnarystage of the What can be the argument In favor of such a step? movement is over and that there 1s general understanding Is ~t fear of unfavorable notonety resultmg from pohce as to what B~rthControl 1s The next step WIU be gen- Interference and arrests? If the Blrth Control movement eral approval I am confident that progress wlll be rapld had ylelded to such mterference ~t would have been Yours for women, abandoned long ago The pol~ceat the bldd~nqof cler~cal ALICE PARK Bzrth Control Revzero 1 Friends in the Field

OTTED here and there throughout the From Iowa Dr Wmslow and from Pennsyl- D Un~tedStates are loyal supporters of the vania, Mrs Moorehouse, wrote that they had per- American Blrth Control League Busy men and sonally mterviewed their local members of Con- women who dedicate part of them leisure hours to gress before they left for the opening of the present actlve work for the cause of Birth Control It is session always an inspiration to the workers at Head- Our old frlend, Jerome Carter, in Pasadena, quarters to recelve a report of some activity far Callfornla, sends BIRTH CONTROLREVIEW sub- afield These are Items that may not be so mport- scriptlons to hbrarles that d accept the magazme ant individually, but gathered Into the day's work and agree to place it on the readmg table Another at National Headquarters emphasize the progress frlend, a physician, gives a subscription to the RE- of the movement and the fact that it 1s steadlly VIEW to no less than fifteen hbrarnes gomg forward A letter from a friend in Louisville says "I am interested In women and am selhng stockings from NOTHER friend spread the knowledge in house to house through the South I talk to them A Canada and the Unlted States by sendmg a about Blrth Control None of them but what knows check together mth the names of thlrty-five people it's just plain sense, and they say they would like in remote towns to whom sample copies were to he to read about it Please send me about 100 of those sent These people would never hear of Birth Con- leaflets "Can You Afford A Large Family'" I trol othermse A New Jersey woman who cannot sure wsh some help could he gwen these women " afford to do elther of these thmgs wrltes us for free So our fr~endlypllgrlm 1s supplied with literature, coples of past numbers and says "I have loaned and she is certamly domg her bit my REVIEWSagaln and then asked them to pass Out In Califorma Miss Werner, who is in dally them along to many and recelved them back and contact wlth the mothers who come to one of the loaned them to others until now I haven't any left Health Centers says "Our work 1s growmg, we to lend " are glvlng much needed help Callforma has a A strlkmg miner's wlfe m West Virguua, her- problem of stranded families seekmg health for self the mother of many chlldren, IS distributmg father or mother, and our Mother's Health Center Birth Control literature among the strlkers Mrs protects these families from addmg more chlldren Barker, from a mining town m Arizona, writes to the burden of the state " "I am still workmg for Blrth Control There are several women here who need practical advlse I am helpmng them as best I can " Mrs Vera Jane ROM Seattle, Wash, Mrs Whittmore, an old Pease has done a like work w~thranchers in Wyom- F frlend of the movement, writes "T~me1s about ing, Montana and New Mexico rlpe for the organization of a branch committee here Interest 1s keen-please send a speaker I Mrs Carver, a fr~endm Dayton, Oho, says wdl get up a big meetmg and have it well adver- "I have not any money to send you, but I talk tlsed " a lot about it Mrs Sanger, you got lots of friends and well-mshers among the poor women My hus- Our former financial secretary, Pauline Danlel, band reads the old coples of your paper you send 1s now married and hvlng In Florida She wrltes us, and he talks at the won meetlng about ~t He "I am interestmg the clubs and organ~zationsm Birth Control and want to arrange for Mrs Sanger says none of them want a lot of klds but they don't understand that's Blrth Control " to take a series of meetings through the state " We were amused and interested when a citmen A student at the Natlonal University in Wash- of Detroit wrote "Dr Little, the new head of mgton, D C, wrote for facts and data on Blrth Mlchigan Unmerslty, 1s arousing the people of this Control, made an address and later wrote "They state on Birth Control You better get hlm Into have asked me to contlnue my arguments m favor the work-he 1s fine " Evidently this correspond- of Birth Control at another meeting They are all ent did not know that Dr Little 1s the very actlve mterested " Students from many other universities President of the International Federation of Blrth and colleges are wrlting and speakmg on Blrth Control Leagues (Conltnu~don page 69) 1 February, 1926 News Notes

UNITED STATES Colorado New York HE Supreme Court has d~sm~ssedthe contest Tmstltuted by the Ku Klux Klan to oust Judge HE Annual meeting of the Amencan B~rth Ben B Lmdsey from the office of Judge of the TControl League is reported on another page Juvende Court of Denver Th~smeans that a of the REVIEW faithful frlend of ch~ldren,who beheves Bwth Con- trol one of the foundat~onprinciples of chdd wel- Durmg the early part of January Mrs Kennedy fare ls stdl able to use h~sofficml Influence m thls spent part of her t~meat New York headquarters cause In magazmes, press lnterv~ewsand puhhc and part at Washington In the latter part of the addresses, Judge Llndsey loses no opportun~tyto month she took up permanent res~dencem Wash- speak to a mder pubhc than that of Denver In be- Ington, to remaln dur~ngthe session of Congress, half of Blrth Control, against crm~nalahortlon MISSBeatrice W Johnson assumlng some of her and especially agalnst the vlct~mizationby abor- executive duties at New York headquarters Work tionists of unmarried mothers Of B~rthControl for the Federal Bdl 1s under way, Mrs Kennedy he sald m a recent mterv~ewm the Omaha Bee and Mrs Sanger have already begun the mterview- mg of members of Congress "Blrth Control should be accessible to all mar- ried persons and they should not have ch~ldrenun- Mrs Walter Tlmme of New York has accepted less they have the means w~thwhich to rase the appomtment as Chalrman of the Congressional chddren correctly " Comrn~tteeand wd1 organlze work for the federal b~llat Wash~ngtonand m the states On January 19th a meetmg for organ~zatlonof New York and Maryland adjacent states was called by Mrs Tlrnme m New York C~tyMeanwhde several states, among them N January 3rd and 4th Mrs Sanger was m Cahfornia, Colorado, Pennsylvanm and Iowa re- 0 Baltmore where she spoke on Sunday after- port the beginn~ngsof local pet~tlonand other ac- noon to an Open Forum of 1,400 at the H~ppod- tlvitles for the federal blll rome The meetmg, whlch was the largest of the Forum slnce the war, was arranged by Mrs Don- Among vis~torsto headquarters of the Amencan ald Hooker, vlce-charman of the Forum The next Blrth Control League was Mr C R Kellogg of day she spoke to 50 members of the Women's Denver Mr Kellogg 1s going out as s mlsslonary Medlcal Assoclat~onof Johns Hopklns Medlcal to Chma and he heheves one ~mportantslde of ms- School Mrs Helen B Tausslg was cha~rmanof sionary work m that overpopulated region of the the meetmg earth to be the preachmg of Bmth Control and the furnlshmg of the means to put ~t m pract~ce At Poughkeepsie on January 13th, Dr Cooper South Carolma addressed the Duchess -Putman County Med~cal HE Greenville News of December 6th reports Soc~ety aa lecture on B~rthControl by Dr D J On January loth Mrs Sanger spoke on Free- Blocker, before the Furman University Interna- dom and Morality before a Forum at the Judson t~onalRelations Club (Baptist) Memor~alChurch, New York C~tyand the next day to a mornlng ineetmg of the Women's Town Club of that city Texas HE clty vltal statlstlcian of El Paso, J A TRule, 1s quoted by The Tames of that c~tyas saylng that 1925 figures show a lowered birthrate smce 1921 and a lowered death rate of mfants He THE Cahforn~aLeagues now have chn~csat est~matesthat pubhc health measures have saved an Los Angeles, at Berkeley and at Oakland The average of 375 Infant hves per 100,000 and m th~s story of these three centres will be pubhshed m an way about evened up on the smaller number of early number of the REVIEW ch~ldrenborn Bzrth Control Revzew New Jersey who spoke before the Jewish Council of Women at Passaic, the Forum of Mountam Lake and the ROM the state orgamzer, Mr Meves, comes Leglslatlve Department of the Women's Club of F the following report Durmg January ad- Maplewood At the latter meeting a motion by dresses were given for at least elght women's clubs, Mrs Stephen Herben to endorse the State Birth four local leagues of women voters, two parent- Control Blll was unanimously endorsed teacher associations, two mdustrlal plants m Cam- den, and for simllar organizations Requests for On December 31st Mrs Sanger spoke on Ra- Birth Control talks are commg in all the tlme t~onalParenthood before an audience of 150 at the Thursday Momg Club of Madison On Thursday evenmg, January lath, there was a public Blrth Control meeting at the Hotel Walt An attempt to prevent this meeting was made Whitman, Camden, at which the speakers were by a local priest who heard of it from a Catholic Mrs Anne Kennedy and Dr Benjamin Tilton member of the club Failmg this ~tis said that the This meeting was largely attended by the busmess church in that town is organizing its flock to fight and professional men of the club and political the Birth Control b~llwhich is to be presented in women of the city and the suburbs The audience the state legislature numbered 400 On Monday, January 18th, the Flrst New Jersey State Blrth Control Conference was held at the Pennsylvania Stacy-Trent Hotel, Trenton The story mll be N January, Elizabeth Grew went to Pennsyl- given in the March REVIEW I vania, being lent by the Amerlcan Blrth Con- There is evldence that the Roman Church is trol League to help m the organization of the new startlng active propaganda even among non-Ro- state league manists against Birth Control The papers state Dr Cooper spoke at a regular meetmg of the that the Holy Name and other Catholic societ~es Main Llne Branch of Montgomery County Medi- are organizmg in opposltion When I spoke for cal Society, at Haverford, on January 11th He the Nutley League of Women Voters on January reports that there were slxty-four members present, 7th, a Romanist cornmunlcant, a Mrs Vail, opposed the largest attendance in the h~storyof the soclety Birth Control One of the thmgs she sald was that Thn increased attendance at a Birth Control meet- fifty years ago France had a population of 35,000,- ing is typlcal of meetings all over the country 000 and Germany 37,7000,000, wlle at the tune There was very good interest manifested and many of the World War France had only about 37,000,- inquiries 000 and Germany tmce as many Therefore, be- cause France practlced Birth Control, she was not able to withstand Germany durmg the war and had to call upon England and the Unlted States to help Rhode Island us Hence, France's practice of Birth Control N January 14th Dr Cooper was m Westerly, drew the United States into the World War 1 0 where he addressed the Wash~ngtonCounty Coming home on the train, I read in the Newark Medlcal Society on Birth Control and contracep- Evewtg News that Dr Benedict P Wlllis, evi- tive technique dently a Romanist, had made an address the day before for the Rutherford Lions Club, m which he made exactly the same statement, using the same figures I have wrltten the Rutherford Lions Club askmg them to hear me, that perhaps I can show N the early days of December, Dr James F I Cooper attended the convention of the Seaboard them that if Germany had practlced Birth Control Medical Association On December 7th, 8th, 9th as well as France, perhaps there would have been and loth, Dr Cooper addressed four well attended no World War, and that the United States was med~calmeetings at Norfolk, South Hill, Char- drawn Into this conflict, not because France prac- lottesvllle and Bedford At all these meetmgs keen tlced Birth Control, but because Germany &d not mterest in the subject was shown, there was little The BIRTH CONTROLREVIEW 1s now on file at opposltion and the address was followed by dm- all the Free Public Libraries m Camden cusslon Of the meeting of the Albemarle County Speakers sent from the American Birth Control Medical Associat~onat Charlottesvllle, he wrltes League to New Jersey were Mrs Robertson Jones "One of the best meetmgs I have had m the who spoke at Belleville, and Miss Elisabeth Grew South The interest was universal and a splendid d~scuss~onbrmgmg out all phases of the quest~on subject on the program of the Scott~shCouncd of followed the address It was an espec~allyh~gh the Women C~t~zens'Assoc~ahon at ~tslast meet- grade aud~ence,most of the doctors are on the mg m Aberdeen Dr Kmloch, openmg the &s- faculty of the Umvers~tyof Vugma " cusslon, sa~dthat one per cent of all chddren born m Aberdeen were defectwe and urged the spread At Roanoke m the second week m December, of contracept~vemformat~on to those classes from Dr Cooper spoke before a group of clergymen and whom ~tIS now mthheld HISrecommendat~on was at a meet~ngof soc~alworkers pres~dedover by the secretary of the Commun~tyChest The date of a warmly received meetmg wh~chwas arranged for physlc~ansunfor- In comment on an appeal by the Dazly Herald tunately conflicted w~thanother engagement, but of London for funds for a famly who have brought a later meetmg m11 be arranged Good pubhc~ty mto the world three bbd chlldren m the course was gwen by Vlrguua papers of less than three years, Norman Halre wntes that paper urgmg that the thmg whch wdl help them most fundamentally IS to put Blrth Control m- West Vugma format~onat thew d~sposalfor the future HE largest gathering in the hlstory of the The Lwerpool Echo reports that a Blrth Con- TMarlon County Medlcal Soclety entertamed trol chcwas opened a few months ago m that Dr Cooper on December 15th at a dmer at the c~tyby S~sterD Stewart Y M C A After the dmer he spoke on contra- cept~vetechruque to an enthuslast~cgroup of hsten- ers At Morgantown next day he addressed a group of students of soc~ologyat the Uruvers~tyof West V~rg~nlaand m the evenmg a speclal meetmg of SWEDEN the county Med~calSoc~ety At both meetmgs keen mterest was shown At Wheelmg on Decem- HE lowest b~rthrate m the world today IS that ber 18th and 19th he addressed a body of physl- Tof Sweden, accordmg to a correspondent of the clans and an mterested group of soc~alworkers Chtcago Dady News Recent returns, he states, The Wheelmg Intellegeltcer gave an excellent ac- show that the Sweash blrth rate "has declmed m count of these meetlngs a few years from 135,000 to 109,000 " The Swed- ~shmortahty rate also is low, bemg bettered only by Denmark, Norway and Holland "There IS no doubt," says Dr Ernest Hoe~jer,the Swed~sh stat~stmanfrom whom these figures were ob- ENGLAND tamed, "that the low buth rate IS the result of de- hberate htat~on" S each quarter's figures come out there IS new A comment on lowered b~rthand death rates In Another Swe&sh stat~stman, Professor Bns- the Munchester Guardtan Professor A L Bowley man, declares that notwthstandmg the decreasmg analyses the trend m the last two decades, findmg rate "Sweden's populat~onwdl contmue to mcrease longer hves and smaller famhes and lookmg for- durmg a certam per~odand wdl then become stable, ward into the future of Bntlsh populat~onwh~ch at about 6,000,000 " That a decrease IS needed, that he expects will be stabillzed "not far off after 1941 there are st111 too many mouths to feed, too many at about 50,000,000 We hope to pubhsh Professor hands to employ, 1s shown by the fact that the Bowley's art~clem full m the BIRTHCONTROL RE- Swe&sh government IS workmg on a plan to pro- VIEW F~ftym~lhon IS ~tselftoo b~ga figure-a vide for ~tsunemployed staggermg figure mdeed m one small ~sland-m vlew of the fact that m the words of Dean Inge "lt IS dkelythat England dlever again be able to hdwork for a populahon of 48 dons" CHINA Speakmg on the Ideal state at the Fab~anSo- aety's annual popular lecture, George Bernard Shaw, as always, recopzed that m such a state 1N further comment on the appalhng death rate m B~rthControl would be practiced Another na- Chma, reported m last month's BIRTH CONTROL t~onalbody has lncluded B~rthControl m ~tsde- REVIEW, a Umted Press Item from Pekm states hberat~ons The feeble-mmded was an Important that "The d~sorderedstate of the country renders Btrth Control Remere, it impossible to compile accurate statistics, but it INDIA is generally believed that infant mortality runs to about 80 per cent in China This is largely due AL PAVEY, a Parsee, son of a high prlest, has to extreme poverty and lack of care of children, J just returned to India from this country to though in certain districts there is some deliberate take up his residence in Bombay as the spiritual extinction of female children head of over a million souls His work will be con- "Since male children are everywhere greatly de- cerned with moral and social hygiene among his sired, Birth Control makes no appeal to the people He believes m Birth Control and desires Chlnese They greatly prefer to have the children to form a new center in India first, and then allow undesired ones to die It is considered essential that there be male chlldren to perpetuate the line and to continue the chain of those who offer sacrifices and keep up the ancestral JAPAN graves ECENT press items in the United States re- "No census has ever been taken by western R port an interview m Tokio with a Japanese methods, but the 1925 China year book estimates publicist Count Michimasa Soyejima, who pre- China's total population at 342,639,000 " &cts war from pressure of population within a decade unless Birth Contlol becomes a general Maude B Warner, m the Awls of the Amen- practice in Japan The resources of the island will can Academy, tells the following story of a true ex- soon be inadequate to feed and clothe an annual perience "I went to the home of a Chlnese farmer increase of 740,000 War as a solution he repu- whose son I had known There were in all twenty diates as unthmkable He urges church and gov- ernment not only to abandon their opposition to mouths to be fed there As I sat on the best k'ang, Birth Control, but to embark on an educational looking out through the one tmy row of window campaign He summarizes his statement of the sit- panes, I saw a baby, naked, emaciated and too weak uation as follows "With emigration barred, war to sit up, lymg down on the damp, dirty, brick floor unthinkable, and our population growmg so fast we of the courtyard He was apparently unnoticed already have difficulty in feeding it, we must con- His face was covered with black sticky sores His sider Birth Control mediately We are forced to do it " mouth was open Flies flew in and out and it On another page we publlsh a letter on the seemed he could live surely but a few hours longer progress of the Birth Control movement in Japan Later I saw the young mother of seven, chewing It is good to know that Count Michasa. Sojellma, vigorously on one of my partially eaten dumplings son of a former foreign minister and himself at She had garhc, cabbage, pork and oils and the one tune member of parliament, is numbered among boiled dough covering She took out bite after bite ~tssupporters and dropped into the child's throat It lay there too weakto swallow and she took part of it out Mrs Sophie Mlndell of Brooklyn writes to the Daily As I passed by, I asked how long the child had been News sick She replied "Oh, always, but don't worry, I am one of the young marned people whom Col Roose- he'll be all right when he gets teeth, for then he can velt, Jr denounces in hls talk agalnst Birth Control It eat, now he has nothmg but squash jmce " I passed 1s very well for hlm to talk If hls chdd were slck, he could the child and shuddered A year later, I again have ~t removed to any chmate, whereas, in my class, a passed there A chubby, rosy-cheeked child greeted doctor's bill 1s a tragedy It 1s all I can do to care properly for one llttle one and my husband works hard me The mother said "There's that boy you saw Just as it is the duty of those who can afford it to in- I'm glad he got well His other two brothers died, crease the population, it 1s the sacred duty of all not to but they weren't comely and, anyway, we couldn't bring Into this hard world a baby who has no fightmg feed so many " chance Why should I help fill the shops and factories when, if I have only one, I mlght be able to properly equlp "This is but one case in hundreds--of what we It ' may call the survival of the fittest Children and parents are often huddled into one dark room In ~tscolumn of "Christmas Suggestions" The New Home life there is on a low scale If children be- Yorlcer mcludes To Margaret Saager-A picture en- come too numerous, they are given away or sold " titled "The Death of the Stork " February, 1926 FRIENDS IN THE FIELD People I Meet (Conttnsad from pays 61)

Control They are urging the librarians to put An army officer bought the REVIEWsaying, "This is pamphlets and books on Birth Control on their the only thmg that wlll stop war The pacifists would shelves accomplish much more if they worked on these hnes than Mrs Servanto, from Havana, writes she 1s the way they do " anxious to get the club women in Cuba to have a A clergyman said wlth a smlle "lt isn't nearly as bad speaker on Blrth Control at the next conference as ~t m~ghtbe" "It's considerably worse than that," I "Of course," says she, "they are Catholic, repbed, thmking he was mlnlmizing the badness of con&- many of them, but so am I, yet these poor children, tions whlch Blrth Control wlll help to abolish "I mean how they need ~t" your paper," he sald hastily "Oh, thank you," I said, A Chairman of the Hospital Committee for the "I thought you meant conditions" "No, I mean your Amerlcan Legion in Oklahoma writes "I see the paper," said he, "it is very good and some of us do see need of Birth Control more than many who look your point " at the children's side of ~t The men whose welfare I look after are wrecks in mind and body and are A pale, unhappy looking httle Jew asked the meanlng unfit to be fathers I have always preached B~rth of the paper Whlle I was explai~unghe bought one and asked if poor people who couldn't pay were given advlce Control Since the war we need it more " because he was poor and his mfe was a cnpple and for Fu Chen, from the University of Chlcago, writes fifteen years they had lived In fear of her becomlng preg- us "I am completing my course In February and nant To see the joy that broke over hls face and hls returning to China If there is any country in the gratitude when I gave hlm our phone number and assured world that needs to control birth it 1s my country him his wife would be taken care of, was worth all the Please send me the facts on the subject and the abuse and lnsult that has been hurled at me by the pre- address of the League m Shanghal I shall do judiced and unthlnkmg durlng the last nine years soclal work In China, and perhaps Dr Woo will help me to give Birth Control to my country- women " It 1s interesting to note the general de- sire of Japanese and Chmese students in this coun- The New York World shows the smlling photograph try to carry back Birth Control of Mrs Angelo Rosa, slxteen years old and the wife of a boy of nineteen She has just oven birth to twins Thus our army of workers grows-grows in all Mrs Rosa whose husband is a laborer, earning $3 63 a classes and in all countries Dally recrults fall m day-when he has work-is either a woman of stoic cour- heand that line 1s advancing on the enemy- age or she does not realize what the future holds for her bigotry, ignorance, hypocrisy and selfishness Led by a general who 1s fearless, untiring, we are march- mg to glorious victory BOOKS OF VITAL INTEREST Certainly no biologmt who sees plant and animal evolu- ON ALL TOPICS tion based on the over-production of mdivlduals, the con- sequent struggle for hfe and the unconscious selection of Sex, Psycho-Analysis, Psychology, the fitter, can turn a deaf ear to the arguments of the Diet and Health advocates of Birth Control if he hopes that human evo- THE XOST AWHOWCATIVZ AUTHOBB lution is to be the result of something else than a brutal Havelock Ellls, Roble, Long, Kraft-Ebbmg, Forel, Kisch, repetltlon of the evolutionary processes which have so suc- Bloch, Malchow, Bra, Freud, Jung, Adler, Tndon, Lmd- cessfully turned out t~gersand hyenas lahr, Father Kmepp, Gaee, Drew -VERNON KELLOGG,DOrector, Yoor Needs Always FulPled Natwnal Research Cowncd If obtamable, we have ~t,d unobtamable, we can get it DEBCRZPTIVE LIBTB BENT FREE According to the Unlted States Census, there were more Modem Book Association than 200,000 children in vanous institutions throughout the United States when the last official count was taken LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA Between 400,000 and 500,000 dependent chlldren are 4150 SANTA MONICA BOULEVARD cared for annually ~n lnstitut~onsor in famllles Bzrth Control Rernew

AMERICAN BIRTH CONTROL LEAGUE, Incorporated STATEMENT OF INCOME AND EXPENSE Three Mothers NmYork World January 1st to December 31, 1925 ''Reahz~ng she would agam become a mother, for the INCOME second t~meIn eleven months, Mrs Catherme Cumbers, Contr~but~ons th~rty-two,9273 224th St, Queens V~llage,L I, N Y, Memberships yesterday shot herself In the left breast, her four-year-old Pioneers' D~nner Conference Adm~ss~ons son Rlchard in the head, and her elght-months-old chdd Concert Alfred, over the heart A note addressed to Mrs Cum- ber's mother ascrlbed her acts to the nervousness she felt at agam glnng birth to a ch~ld,it was sa~d Mrs Cum- EXPENSE bers had been 111 smce the blrth of her last baby " Salarles Travelmg Expense Postage-General Ne74 York World New Jersey Expense Rent "Out In the farther reaches of Brooklyn, where the Puhlrc~ty streets IIC hke dirty fingers po~ntlngtoward the neat com- Conference Expense Stat~oneryand 05ce Expense fort of Flatbush, stands a small frame house behind the Prlntlng tenement marked as No 68 Central Avenue There Mrs General Legislatlre R~cardicame five months ago, burdened mth the black- Telephone and Telegraph hawed son she carned In her arms and the one she was PostaHnference Andlt;ng about to bear Washmgton Expense "The first night the three slept on the floor The next Cl~pplngs Exchange and Collection Expense day an Ice box, a gas stove, three chams, a table and a bed were moved In, all new, bought on installment Mrs Ricardl went to work maklng buttonholes In clothes for NET LOSS, Year Ended December 31, 192.5 896 56 a factory "Early she told Mrs Rabb~toon the second floor of the tenement In front of the husband who had deserted AMERICAN BIRTH CONTROL LEAGUE, Incorporated her Pnbluhen of BIRTH CONTROL REVIEW "Before the eyes of Mrs Rabbito and the other tenants, STATEMENT OF OPERATION8 she grew thmner Cold weather came The baby was Year Ended December 31, 1925 born There was no coal It was endent Mrs Ricarh Balsa and Bub8cnptwna was starnng to death Remw Sales "A chanty orgaruzat~onheard of her and promlsed her Advert~s~ng coal Llkemse d~da newspaper But the methods of TOTALREVIEW SA1.8 chanty are slow sometimes The coal &d not come Each nlght the three, Mrs Ricardl, Joey, the bnght-eyed Laar Cost of REVIEWSder gamm, who once won a baby pnze m New Jersey h~s Gaoss horn ON Reww SA~ mother sa~d,and the two-months old Pasquale, slept m Add thew clothes, under a s~nglequ~lt, trymg to keep warm Literature Sales 'yesterday an insurance man, slippmg a calendar Lesa Cost of L~teratureSales under the door, smelt gas Pohce came The three were Gross PwAt on L~terature Sales dead, fully dressed under the qullt "

M~lwaukee(Wisc ) Sentmel General Ezpenrs 'Weak mth hunger, shivenng mth cold, Mrs Ehzabeth Salaries Postage Stavrakls, 21, and her three children, from 18 months Rent to four years old, were found last mght ln them bare Telephone and Telegraph Aud~trng rooms at 688 F~rstStreet, by Detect~vesJoseph Daetsch Office Supphes and Expense and John Alberts Chpplngs Sundry "Chnstmas-these ch~ldrenknow already that Santa Claus mU mean nothmg to them tbts year "Breakfast, dmner, supper? Mother makes tearful NET LOSS FROM OPERATIONS promlses that are half a prayer Add Contrihutlom "The woman has managed to feed her Mtle brood untd recently She scrubbed floors But now she can't work NET ADDITION TO SURPLUS FOR YEAR WN 97 Soon there will be a fourth chdd Her husband left her " SUBSCRIBE NOW to the Birth Contro1 Review

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Wlth both bound volume. 11 W 1 - She had only Known S about Birth Control. NEW YORK TIMES NEW YORK SUN NEW YORK WORLD I Ida kmsr she t.0 the old- came I" err11 She smelt gar and wrermed December 14, 1925 December 14 1925 December 14, 1925 I Pntrolman Abraham Johnson hmke down I the k~tchco- dmr -~~~ He--- found~ ---. rhr.~~. -oman. r MOTHER OF 14 TRIES DAUGHTER BALKS TOIL WORN MOTHER TO END LIFE BY GAS MOTHER'S SUICIDE OF 14 SEEKS DEATH taking our hm notebook Mrs Baldwrn looked her sorn Saved by Polmoman, She Sap I II do rf agam he sad she repld She WsU WeAnother I Attempt to Dm Three Men Acerdentally - KJled by Gas TWO COMMIT SUICIDE there They all looked at her wath - s~rawc wrdc eyed curaoalty-almost ad ml'dflO~ The famrly of Mn Ida Bddwm 44 What dtd you do ~t for, they One Uses Gar, the Other Pouon, years old of 45 Canal Street. Stapletan It was at No 45 Canal Street asked Stapletan S I And Mr. Baldwm cooked Sundry Whde Two Others are Wed S I IS warchrog todry for fur that 'Upper usual by Acc~dentally she may agrm try to k~llherself Aftcr Mrs Ida Baldwm got up at 6 oclak bemg revwed by Patrolman Abraham resterday mornmg as she ha, for the last Jahn.on wbo found her vncon~oouslast ifteco years ever smce Ida the first - bat wra barn nnghr m her npnnment from gas pomn ma she declared that she would make Whllc she drnrcd the youngcar break on NEW PORK TRIBUNE another attempt to end her Me last cooked the two burner stave 1s ~t has cooked for fifteen years for the I December 14, 1925 Mrr Baldwm the mothcr of faunm Bddwm frm~lynever lnved hr from the chddren mar of whom arc lwng has hrp yards where Bob Bddwrn could get aork ken despondent because of the d#fficulty I MOTHER OF- 9- SEEKS of mrkmg bath ends mcct on the urn With the hdp of Ida and Anna and DEATH mgs of her husbsnd Robert n long May a11 of the founeen Baldwm rhrl lrrn were dressed and by 8 oclak mr ahoremro who has not had much work WITH HUSBAND :m place were set for breakfast The m the last few years Durmg the after Baldwm famzly sat down noon yesterday her bushand left after a Aftcr breakfast Bob Bddwm larked - qumd and the chddren hzng down Hu sum wsam frmnds she rhut the doors or the Sunday papcr rade bcgao ~rshtngdmhn and wmdows and opened the leu of her Turns on Gas Because He Dld I cant find the paper md Bob Ens Stow Earn why cant I get the paper on tmme) men Rescue Her Her oldnt daughter Ida I4 came You ll hare to find at yourrelf aud Mr. Bddwm just as rhc had srld a home m tmc md called the patrolman who eppld first ad The w0m.n wra for fifren years and dug her arma tnto - rhc d~shmn out of danger when Dr A R Sol~dm of 342 Van Duzer meet arrwed She Im gotn out he over hlr M~Srda B~I~~~mother 01 ,,,,,= ihouldcr The dmr slammed rcfud to go to a horp~fal chddren rrd to kdl herself an her home At 9 o clock Mn Baldam was ready at Street Stapleton I :o, dm. the chddrcn so they might go Dawd Grenficld 10 yura old an en yesterday becruse her husband war not ,ut to Tha younge,t crld The graver dnpondent over 311 health ended h"*glng home enough money lo wpon ,ne whch to hn I~feycstcrday by rnhallng gas through rnmhled on str bead and waded An the frmlly Robert a tube at hm home, 9118 121st Street >Id.. a bw found the plraaes on the BaldWm IS hwharemm Rxhmond H~ll Queens

ncfouowlng three wlnu dentally ktlled t gas wsenmng In then Ill -health caused Dawd Greenfield 5( mom Edward Johnsm, 55 of 163 East 104th Stra Thomas Hollnngcr 45 of 2943 Ibchmond Tenace, Mannm Harbor S I md Jcremrh Sullrvrn, 45 of 722 War Euhteenth Srm m em ployce of the Street Cluotng kanmmt The last named st 8s wd 8s a coum of Alderman Edward J Sullrran