View of England;
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A CONCISE VIEW OF ENGLAND; DESCRIBl,-,G THE SITUATION, PRODUCT, EXTENT, CHIEF RIVERS, BOUNDARIES, HUNDREDS, CIRCUMFERENCE, BOROU HGS, AND SOIL, PARISHES, OF THE SEVERAL Counties of ENGLAND and WALES: TOGETHER WITH A DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OF THEIR MOST REMARKABLE Antiquities, Remains of Palaces, Monafieries, Cafiles, Houfes, Parks, Plantations, Scenes, and delightful Situations, WORTHY A T R A VEL L E R' s NOT ICE, Pointing out the Curiofities both of ART and NATlJRE. LON DON: Printed for J. BE W, in PAT E R. - Nos T E R - Row. l\1DCCLXXV. p R E F A c E. HE R E are but few who travel that are fo converfant with the different pam T of this country, as to be able to pay that attention to the variety of fl:ruCtures which otherwife would excite their curioGty to viGr. To affill: them, therefore, the following !beets are laid before the Public, as it is in vain to expeCt that we !bonld always find an intelligent perron upon the fpot. 'Without the affill:ance, therefore, of fuch information as the following, the traveller is likely to be deprived of the great eft part of that plearure, or inftrufrion, which every inquifitive perfon hopes to re ceive. This colleCtion of Seats and Views was originally made by a perron of too much eminence to be mentioned on fo night an occafion. His own extenfive ref'earches into the topography of this iiland, furnilhed him with many of the particulars, and fummer tours which he made fupplied him with many more; and to thef'e he was frequently adding from the information of fuch perf'ons) on whore talle and judg ment he could beft depend. The eminent perfonage who made this catalogue was far from thinking but it might be improved and enlarged, therefore permitted tranfcripts to be take11 of it: in his life-time, not only for the gratification of many of his friends, but as the moil likely means of rendering it complete, by the affiftance of thofe who had local knowledge of the fevera1 counties, and whofe 1eifure would enable them to make far ther remarks, or expunge what they might think improper; as the compiler ex peCted, fome places worthy of regard had been omitted, and fame inferted hardly worth a traveller's notice. Thofe places difl:inguilhed by a i/.' have had Views taken of them, and may be [em in Buck's Antiquities, fold by R. Sayer, Fleet-fireet. V lEW ~~ ( (~w~;~/()/) ~) ~"//" / I l/rili//, il /,()(/r,(J/, /J/t/./, f(y'I/;(,(7()[~VTIES rl' ( SOUTHBRI~~IN.~·E-NG~A~DandWALES, '. / ~~~.~ .~ ~ ~ ~ '" . ~- ~ ",J 'C11:an)n't~)i~~r:c·~~c~t(~~~~ ~ \: / '---' , \,,''- , , ~ ~~_", ~" ~ , ---""'I ~_ ·( '17 (,,/'(;) ;/'(. Im(!?'I",'!t;'~!t:Y, f('NM;1 Iml'lt' ;'(/Of"/}(,,, t: luay be eafily ai('prtailled I ',j (-------' ) I /' 1, /('( j} lilt. 7~;Ji m /7Yl1 ~I{(:r/(' 111./ ~ (~/'r I/' 11('(7 ;';'(/1 /, , annexed,to ,,11 the i ( \// '/ / / ------ l J ~ ( 1;)(JI'fJll;I/1 Itt///(/,.' /;11('/1. .J\I,i7 ~. \~_ )lit{~J,( ,~~) III~ (/r./It~i;YI"111 ("'--;:: f , \. \~ -::;~ Being; the firft Set of Counties. evpr Publiilled on tlns Plan, ", Y'" . ~? - ~ ~ ------- -Ill I1 ~. ( 1./"II::S ' ~ -~~"';~.>. 17' U!J' . - ' 1,-;",. ~ ~ ~/.".II i .............."("J .-" t: (. '/J)tl. ' - ~ "''):7"", - /",'!" ---- ----------- ~ - "\ ......... ;//r.: LON D 0 ~ /' "'/'/''-'; -~J...(.rjll ~""X'')' :/('//;', Y ~ ~ /,~I/'/."·Ii-';/I~·'f()·'/;(;!;""·/I --------- jJf;/"., p., I o 10 30 4D 60 (> .:e -4. ~ A CONCISE v I E \V of ENG LAN D. HE Ifland. of Great-Britain is the Iargdl in [urope, and OIle of the moll: populom, rich, and fruitful. It includes England and Scotland, which were united in 1707 ; only Ttbe latter referved their peculiar laws. The ifiand is of a triangular form, the Lands-end, the: Dover-head, and Caithnefs, ihooting out into fo many promontories, and forming the three corners. Th. (ea, its boundary, has feveral names adapted:to the feveral coafts; on the north, it is called the Northern Sea; on the eaft, the German Ocean; on the fouth, the Britiih Chan nel; aI}d on ~he weft~ the Iriih Sea, or St. George's Channel. Its latitude at the Lizard Point in Cornwall". according to geographers, in the fiftieth degree north, and at the Headland at Caithnefs, OI':i!lvurjgfbyhead, in Scotland, in the fifty-eighth degree thirty minutes; fo that the h:ngth of t~ ifia~d, meafure.d in a ftraight line, without attending to the hills and windi;'p> of the road.is five hundreth and eighty-feven miles; and the longitude, placing the firft rner~ dian at TJllfe; is nine degrees forty-five minutes, at the Lands-end; in Cornwall; and at the South eland, in Ke~t? fevel~teen gegrees. fifteen tninutes; in all f~ven degrees thirty mi nutes: th~ aral!e1 there glV1l1g thlrty-elg~t mIles to a degree of longItude, the true difianc~ from eall:"to weft, in a ftraight line, is two hundred and eighty-five miles. The fea; which furrqunds it, is not only a fecurity againfi an enemy, but againft the violent cold to which the climate would otherwife be expofed; even to fuch a den-ree, that in! fome parts of France and Italy more fevere weather is felt in winter than in Ellgl~lld. The cl.iinate is indeed infinitely preferable to that of any part of the continent near the fame htitude, the fumt'ners being neither fo' hot, nor the winters fo cold. The harbours ill Holland, Ger~ and Denmark,. are blocked up with ice, while ours in the fame latitudes are open. , The ail' is generally very' good and wholefome, except in the hundreds of EJTex and Kent, the fens in Lincolnihire and Cambridgeihire, and fome other low marfhes near the fea. Though the winters are rainy and fubjeCl: to thick fogs, an4 the weather to great variations, there, how ever difagreeable, do not impair the health of th'e, inhabitants who are accu!l:omed to them; f?r they generally live as long as thofe of any ?ther co'untries. Though the frequent rains fome times damage the hay and com, yet even wle have -theIr aJvantages, as they gencrally occafion our having good pafiures throughout the year. ' . The foil, indeed, in a great meafure owes its fertility to the mild vapours from the fea, which~ by mollifying the air, nourifh the vegerable world, and furniih us with gentle fhowers in their proper feafon. W c have, indeed, as well as other countries, ftorms of thunder, lightning, and tempefl:s; but they are lefs fre'quent and much lefs violent than in hotter climates. That part of Great-Britain which lies towards the Wefiern Ocean is mountainous; but the inner parts are generally a plain champaign country, intermixed with hills of eafy alCent and gentle acclivities. The moll: remarkable mountain, or rather chain of mountains, is a conti nual ridge which extends from north to fouth, dividing as it were the whole illand into the call and weft: parts, and is by writers called the Engliili Appennines. The fouthern and eafiern parts of the country cb.iefly confifl of little fruitful hills and vallies, champaign fields, inclofed grounds of arable, p.afiure, and m.ead?w lands, agreeably ihter!ni:,ed,with v.:oods~ fore1!s, parks, and chaces. The.hlgheft: mountall1s 111 England are the Wrekll1 111 Shropihlre, tne Plmlimmon and Snowden ill Wales, the Cheviot-hills on the borders of Scotland, thofe of the Peak in Derbyihire, the Pendl~, &c. in Lanca!hire. the Wolds in Yorkfhire, Cot(wold in Gloucefier_ ihire, the Chiltern in Bucks, Malvern in Worcefierfhire, and fome of the mountains ill Cum berland and We!l:moreland. This great ifiand is furroundcd by many fmaller ones, as the lfie of 'Vight, the lfie of Man. the clufl-er of ifiands called the Calliterides; or Scilly ifiands, of Cornwall; the arcades the Shetland ifiands, and Ebrides ifiands, in Scotland. ' England has on all fides very convenient harbours, and abundance of navio-able rivers' the mofi confidcrable of thefe are the Thames, the Severn, and the Trent. 0 , The country is for the moft part level, and uncommonly fertile. One favourable year for corn is fufficient to fupply three) ears of fcarcity to the inhabitants; and even at fuch times when the fea- B fun~ A CON CIS E V lEW of ENG LAN D. fons prove unfavourable, there is generally, a fu~ciency; for after immoderate rains the corn fown on the hills produces great abundance, and In a time of the greateft drought the low and fenny..parts produce moft plentiful crops. " The country likewife abound,s in efculent vegetables and frUIts, both of which are ,excellent. Our kitchen-gardens abound with colly-.Ilowers, artlc.hokes, afparagus, lettuces of va~lOus forts, cabbages, peas and beans of different klllds, broccolt, kid~ey-be~ns, cucumbers, fplllage, an~ pot-herbs of all forts; mufhrooms, carrots, potatoes, tunllps, 011l0ns, beets, &c: ' Kent is famous for its orchards of cherries and apples; but none of the countIes afford f!fch plenty of apples for cyder as Herefordihire and Devonfhire. Befides apples, pears, .and chernes, we have a great v,ariety of ex.cellent fruit, fuch as qu~nces, peac~es, apricots, ,neCla~llles,'plumbs, grapes, ftrawbernes, ralbernes, currants, goofebernes, barberrIes, cranbernes, bllberrtcs, wal llUtS, hazle-nuts, &c. Great quantities of cyder and perry are made f.rom the a~ples and pears C?f England. Among its products a~e excellent faffren l fald to be f~penor to any lfi the world; lI quorice, woad, and o-reat plantatIOns of hops; but It produces little flax and hemp.