UOP Selexoltm Technology for Acid Gas Removal UOP Selexoltm

UOPUOP SelexolSelexolTMTM TechnologyTechnology forfor AcidAcid GasGas RemovalRemoval

• Overview of the Selexol process • Natural gas applications • Syngas applications • Selexol operation – Coffeyville Resources • UOP Experience and Technical Services • Summary

UOP 5241F-02 What is the Selexol Process?

• Absorption/regeneration process for selective removal of H2S, COS, RSH & CO2 - Uses a physical solvent - Loading directly proportional to partial pressure - Uses a typical solvent-extraction flow-scheme

• Product Quality - Can be essentially sulfur free

- Project specific CO2 capture and quality

- Project specific acid gas H2S concentration

UOP 5241F-03 Solvent Loading Comparison

High acid gas partial Physical pressures in syngas are ideal for physical Chemical solvent application Solvent Loading

Partial Pressure

UOP 5241F-07 Selexol Process Do’s and Don’ts

DoDo’’ss Don'tsDon'ts

 Selective H2S removal  Rich HC Steams  Total Sulfur removal  Low Acid Gas Partial (COS, CS2, RSH) Pressures

 CO2 removal / capture  Natural Gas Applications  Synthesis Gas Purification  Acid gas removal with simultaneous dehydration  Landfill gas treating

UOP 4375A-26 Selexol Solvent Characteristics • Relative Selectivity Methane Hydrogen

- H2S ~ 135 ~ 680 - CH3SH ~ 340 ~1700 - CO2 ~ 9 ~45 - CO ~0.43 ~2.2 - COS ~35 ~175

• High Selectivity of H2S over CO2 allows:

- Selective absorption of H2S in the Absorber

- Enhanced recovery of CO2 in flash drum

- Minimizes CO2 in acid gas - Lowers SRU costs - Higher power production

• Good Selectivity for CO2 over H2

- Supports separate CO2 production

- Minimizes downstream H2 purification UOP 5241F-04 Selexol Solvent Characteristics

• High Selectivity of H2S over CO2 allows:

- Selective absorption of H2S in the Absorber

- Enhanced recovery of CO2 in flash drum

- Minimizes CO2 in acid gas, - Lowers SRU costs - Higher power production

• Good Selectivity for CO2 over H2

- Supports separate CO2 production

- Minimizes downstream H2 purification

UOP 5241F-05 Additional Selexol Process Benefits

• Low corrosion rates - No formation of heat-stable salts

• Minimal process effluents - Reclaiming and/or purging of solvent not required

• Protection of downstream equipment - Metal Carbonyls are captured by Selexol

UOP 5241F-06 Main Points of Presentation

• Overview of the Selexol process • Natural gas applications • Syngas applications • Selexol operation – Coffeyville Resources • UOP Experience and Technical Services • Summary

UOP 5241F-08 Natural Gas Feed Composition

Natural Gas Composition Ranges (volume %) Methane ~20 to 99 Ethane ~0 to 10 Propane ~0 to 6 Butane ~0 to 3 Pentane ~0 to 3 C6 to C40+ ~0 to 1 Carbon dioxide ppm to >80% Total Sulfur ppm to >20% Water saturated Mercury ppb

New gas discoveries typically contain more CO2 & H2S than existing sources

UOP 5241F-09 Selexol Process for Natural Gas Applications

• More effective at acid gas partial pressures above 50 psi in the feed • Particularly effective at high acid gas partial pressure conditions and for bulk removal

• Selective removal of H2S if desired + • The heavy hydrocarbon(C4 ) concentration should be low, preferably limited to 1 vol%.

UOP 5241F-10 Selexol Flowscheme Bulk Acid Gas Removal

Lean Solution Treated Filter Gas

Absorber

Feed Gas

CO2

UOP 5241F-11 Selexol Advantages in NG Applications

• Little or no energy required for solvent regeneration • Inert gas can be used for solvent stripping if required • Selexol treating also aids in dew point reduction • Can be used with or without refrigeration

UOP 5241F-12 Main Points of Presentation

• Overview of the Selexol process • Natural gas applications • Syngas applications • Selexol operation – Coffeyville Resources • UOP Experience and Technical Services • Summary

UOP 5241F-13 Gasification Project Objectives

Past Present Future

Power   

Hydrogen   

Other Products  

CO Capture 2 

UOP 5241F-14 Syngas Applications

Typical Flow-schemes  Sulfur removal only – Typically for power applications where sulfur removal to 10 to 20 ppmv – One solvent absorber with solvent regeneration

 Sulfur removal with separate CO2 removal and capture – Used for hydrogen, chemical and coal to liquids applications – Independent absorbers with common solvent regeneration

UOP 5241F-15 Selexol Flowscheme for Sulfur Removal

Acid H2S Gas Treated Lean Solution Stripper Gas Filter Reflux Accumulator

Makeup H2S Water Absorber Reflux Pump H2S Export Feed Concentrator Water Gas

Packinox Stripper Exchanger Reboiler

UOP 5241F-16 Selexol Flowscheme for Sulfur Removal and CO2 Capture Treated Gas

CO2 Absorber

Acid CO H2S 2 Stripper Gas Lean Solution Reflux Filter Accumulator

Makeup Sulfur Water Absorber Reflux H2S Concentrator Pump Export Feed Water Gas

Stripper Packinox Reboiler Exchanger

UOP 5241F-17 Requirements for Syngas Applications

Processing Requirements: Addressed by Selexol? • Efficient sulfur recovery High overall sulfur recovery (> 99.75%)

• Facilitate production of Bulk CO2 removal if co-products necessary • High reliability No Metal Carbonyls or Solvent Issues • CO capture with H 2 2 High CO2 selectivity with to gas turbine H2 in Syngas applications • Improved sulfur block Reduces overall costs by economics >4%

Selexol technology meets all requirements !

UOP 5241F-18 Main Points of Presentation

• Overview of the Selexol process • Natural gas applications • Syngas applications • Selexol operation – Coffeyville Resources • UOP Experience and Technical Services • Summary

UOP 5241F-19 Coffeyville Resources Coffeyville, Kansas, USA Gasification Ammonia Complex

UOP 5241F-20 Coffeyville Resources Ammonia Fertilizer Complex

Feedstock: 45 MT/H petroleum coke EPC Contractor: Black & Veatch Pritchard Commercial Operation: July 2000

Process Licensors Gasification: ChevronTexaco Gas Purification Block: - Acid Gas Removal: Selexol

-H2 Purification: Polybed PSA Sulfur: Black & Veatch Pritchard Air Separation: BOC Ammonia / UAN: Ammonia Casale / Weatherly

UOP 5241F-21 Coffeyville Resources Ammonia Fertilizer Complex

• Complex converts petroleum coke to syngas for production of ammonia (21 T/H) and urea ammonium nitrate solution (62 T/H) with sulfur byproduct. • Uses UOP Gas Purification Block - Removal of acid gases in a 2-stage Selexol unit with refrigerated solvent

- H2S and CO2 are captured separately with hydrogen product sent to the ammonia synthesis plant and CO2 sent to the UAN plant

- Final H2 purification in Polybed PSA unit

UOP 5241F-22 Coffeyville Block Flow Diagram

Air NH3 Product

N2 Air Separation Ammonia UAN Synthesis UAN Plant Unit Product O High Purity Hydrogen 2 Purified CO2 Raw H2 Polybed CO2 CO2 Vent PSA Purification Raw Tail Gas CO2 Selexol Quench Syngas CO Shift & Gasification Scrubbing Gas Cooling 2-Stage Unit Acid Gas Petroleum Coke Claus Plant

UOP Technologies

UOP 5241F-23 Coffeyville Design Basis

Feed Stream Specifications Feed Flowrate 169,000 Nm3/hr (151 MM SCFD) Pressure 36.9 bar-a (535 psia) Temperature 38 ºC (100 ºF)

Component Mole %

H2 > 56 CO ~ 1.2

CO2 ~ 41 H2S and COS ~ 0.6 CH4, Ar, & N2~ 1 H2O Saturated

UOP 5241F-24 Coffeyville Design Basis

Stream Specifications Product

Raw H2 Product Flowrate 101,900 Nm3/hr (90 MM SCFD)

Product Purity 93 mole % H2 (minimum)

Raw CO2 Product Flowrate 11,900 Nm3/hr (10.6 MM SCFD)

Product Purity 95 mole % CO2 (minimum)

CO2 Removed ~ 94 % Acid Gas

Product Purity 44 mole % H2S (minimum)

UOP 5241F-25 Coffeyville Actual Operations

Operating Results

• Raw H2 to PSA Design Actual DesignActual

- H2, %93> 93

- CO2, %NA< 5

- H2S, ppm NA < 1 - COS, ppm NA < 1

• Raw CO2 to UAN

- CO2, %95> 95

- H2S, ppm NA < 1 - COS, ppm NA < 10 Units met all process requirements !

UOP 5241F-26 Main Points of Presentation

• Overview of the Selexol process • Natural gas applications • Syngas applications • Selexol operation – Coffeyville Resources • UOP Experience and Technical Services • Summary

UOP 5241F-27 Selexol Process Commercial Experience

• Over 60+ operating units - Both Natural Gas and Gasification applications • 4 Recent Gasification Applications in Operation

- Sarlux – Italy – IGCC Power plus H2 - API – Italy – IGCC Power

- Coffeyville Resources - USA -NH3/UAN

- OptiCanada – Oil Sands Canada – H2 plus fuel • Multiple large units in engineering phase

- Residue gasification for H2 production, Oil Sands Canada - Other gasification projects 9 poly Generation projects)  Power

 NH3  Coal to liquids  Methanol  SNG UOP 5241F-28 Technical Service Guaranteed Performance

Project Design

Training & Start-up

On-going Optimization & Innovation

Before During After

 Training  Unit Checkout  Continuing Services  HAZOP  On-Site Training  Data Link Access  Test Run to Process Experts – Remote Process Monitoring – Analytical Support  Symposia  Process Training  Turnaround Service  Inspection

UOP 5241F-29 Selexol Process-Summary

• The Selexol process is a proven licensed technology • Selexol technology has unique capabilities for acid gas removal applications • Relative selectivity allows for high quality project specific product streams • Effective removal of all sulfur species • Simultaneous dehydration of feed streams • Can be an economically attractive option for Natural Gas applications • UOP can assist you in optimizing and maximizing the value of your project

UOP 5241F-30 Selexol Process Summary

UOP 5241B-37 UOP 5241F-31