Controlled Substances—Uses and Effects
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U.S. Department of Justice, Drug Enforcement Ad min is tra tion Controlled Substances—Uses and Effects Dependence ClassClass* * TTrade rade or Other NameNames s Medical UseUses s (Physical/Psycho.(Physical/Psycho.) ) NARCOTICS NARCOTIC S Opium II III V Dovers powder, Paregoric, Analgesic, antidiarrheal High High Morphine II III Morphine, Analgesic, antitussive High High MS-Contin, Roxanol, Roxanol-SR Codeine II III V Tylenol w/Codeine, Analgesic, antitussive Mod. Mod. Empirin w/Codeine, Robitussan A-C, Fiorinal w/Codeine Heroin I Diacetylmorphine, Horse, None High High Smack Hydro- II Dilaudid Analgesic High High morphone Meperidine II Demerol, Mepergan Analgesic High High (Pethidine) Methadone II Dolophine, Methadone, Analgesic High High-low Methadose Other I II III Numorphan, Percodan, Analgesic, antidiarrheal, High-low High-low narcotics IV V Percocet, Tylox, antitussive Tussionex, Fentanyl, Darvon, Lomotil, Talwin DEPRESSANTS DEPRESSANTS Chloral IV Noctec Hypnotic Mod. Mod. Hydrate Barbiturates II III IV Amytal, Butisol, Fiorinal, Anasthetic, High-mod. High-mod. Lotusate, Nembutal, anticonvulsant, Seconal, Tuinal, Phenobarbital sedative, hypnotic, veterinary euthanasia agent Benzodiazepines IV Ativan, Dalmane, Diazepam, Antianxiety, Low Low Librium, Xanax, Serax, Valium, anticonvulsant, sedative, Tranxexe, Verstran, Versed, hypnotic Halcion, Paxipam, Restoril Methaqualone I Quaalude Sedative, hypnotic High High Glutethimide III Doriden Sedative, hypnotic High Mod. Other depressants III IV Equanil, Miltown, Noludar, Antianxiety, sedative, Mod. Mod. Placidyl, Valmid hypnotic STIMULANTS STIMULANTS Cocaine II Coke, Flake, Snow, Crack Local anesthetic Possible High Amphetamines II Biphetamine, Delcobese, Attention defi cit disorders, Possible High Desoxyn, Dexedrine, narcolepsy, weight control Obetrol Phenmetrazine II Preludin Weight control Possible High Methylphenidate II Ritalin Attention defi cit disorders, Possible Mod. narcolepsy Other stimulants III IV Adipex, Cylert, Didrex, Weight control Possible High Ionamin, Melfi at, Plegine, Sanorex, Tenuate, Tepanil, Prelu-2 HALLUCINOGENS HALLUCINOGENS LSD I Acid, Microdot None None Unknown Mescaline, Peyote I Mexc, Buttons, Cactus None None Unknown Amphetamine I 2.5-DMA, PMA, STP, MDA, None Unknown Unknown variants MDMA, TMA, DOM, DOB Phencyclidine II PCP, Angel Dust, Hog None Unknown High Phencyclidine I PCE, PCPy, TCP None Unknown High analogues ` Other I Bufotenine, Iogaine, DMT, None None Unknown hallucinogens DET, Psilocybin, Psitocyn CANNABIS CANNABIS Marijuana I Pot, Acapulco Gold, Grass, None Unknown Mod. Reefer, Sinsemilla, Thai Sticks Tetrahydro- I II THC, Marinol Cancer chemotherapy, Unknown Mod. cannabinol antinauseant Hashish I Hash None Unknown Mod. Hashish oil I Hash Oil None Unknown Mod. * “Class” refers to one of the fi ve schedules of controlled substances established by the federal Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act of 1970, as amended 21 U.S.C. Section 801 and following. Duration Usual Method Possible Effects of With draw al Tolerance Hours of Ad min is tra tion Effects Overdose Syndrome NARCOTICS NARCOTICSNARCOTICS NARCOTICS Yes 3–6 Oral, smoked Euphoria, Slow and Watery eyes, Yes 3–6 Oral, smoked, injected drowsiness, shallow runny nose, respiratoryr e s p i r a t o r y breathing,b r e a t h i n g, yawning, depression,d e p r e s s i o n , clammyc la m m y skin,skin, loss of appetite, Yes 3–6 Oral, injected constricted convulsions, irritability pupils,p u p i ls , coma,c o m a , possiblep ossible tremors, panic, nausea death cramps, nausea chills,c h i l l s , sweatings w e a t i n g Yes 3–6 Injected,I n je c t e d , sniffed,s n i f f e d , smokeds m o k e d Yes 3–6 Oral,O r a l , injectedi n j e c t e d Yes 3–6 Oral,O r a l , injectedi n j e c t e d Yes 12–24 Oral,O r a l , injectedi n j e c t e d Yes Varies Oral, injected DEPRESSANTS DEPRESSANTS DEPRESSANTS Yes 5–8 Oral Slurred Shallow Anxiety, in som nia, speech,s p e e c h , respiration,r e s p i r a t ion, tremors, Yes 1–16 Oral disorientation, clammy skin, delirium, drunken dilatedd il a t e d pupils,p upils, convulsions, behavior weak and possible death without odor rapidr a p i d pulse,p u lse, Yes 4–8 Oral of alcohol coma, possible death Yes 4–8 Oral Yes 4–8 Oral Yes 4–8 Oral STIMULANTS STIMULANTS STIMULANTS Yes 1–2 Sniffed, smoked, injected Increased Agitation, Apathy, long Yes 2–4 Oral, injected alertness, increase in periods of excitation,e x c i t a t i o n , bodyb o d y temp.,t e m p., sleep, irritability, euphoria,e u p h o r i a , hallucinations,h a ll u c i n ations, depression, Yes 2–4 Oral, injected increased convulsions, disorientation Yes 2–4 Oral,O r a l , injectedinjected pulse rate & possible death bloodb l o o d pressure,p r e s s u r e , Yes 2–4 Oral,O r a l , injectedinjected insomnia, loss ofo f appetitea p p e t i t e HALLUCINOGENS HALLUCINOGENS HALLUCINOGENS Yes 8–12 Oral Illusions and Longer and Withdrawal Yes 8–12 Oral hallucinations, intense “trip” syndrome not Yes Varies Oral,O r a l , injectedi n j e c t e d poorp o o r episodes,e p is o d e s , reportedr e p o r t ed perception psychosis, Yes DaysD a y s Smoked,S m o ked, oral,oral, injectedinjected of time and possible death Yes DaysD a y s Smoked,S m o ked, oral,oral, injectedinjected distance Possible Varies Smoked,S m o ked, oral,oral, injectedinjected CANNABIS CANNABIS CANNABIS Yes 2–4 Smoked, oral Euphoria, Fatigue, Insomnia, relaxed paranoia,p a r a n o i a , hyperactivity Yes 2–4 Smoked, oral inhibitions, possible and decreased increased psychosisp s y c h o s is appetite Yes 2–4 Smoked,S m o k e d , oralo r a l appetite, Yes 2–4 Smoked, oral disorientated behavior .