Clearfield County Historical Society Historical County Clearfield “Bloody Knox Cabin Reenactors”: Photo courtesy courtesy Photo Reenactors”: Cabin Knox “Bloody

1860 Gordon-Roberts House (MD) . Timeline oftheCivilWar MD Cumberland, House – Gordon-Roberts museum. at system. Viewthe journal postal front secret the and to visits lines; and Union;troops–Confederate ond son; behavior of occupying activities: of capture her sec 1850-1866, area documents she From journal. event family the in the recorded McKaig Priscilla Southern Army, prominent citizen When son Tommy joined the Correspondent Local Museum – Altoona, PA Memorial Railroaders Altoona a became target by Confederates. WarNorthern also and Governors hosted the 1862 Conference of Strategically located, Altoona pointsRidge and accessing west. fortrains thecrossing Allegheny famous Horseshoe Curve to elevate the locomotives using ing and hub,valuable transportation build Altoonaroad, quickly a became Founded by Rail the Hub Activity of Nov 4 Abraham Lincoln elected CabinKnox –Clearfield, PA site of logthis cabin. at the 18 and lay dead arrested cold December night 1864,in two deserters and Union soldiers on a houses. a After shootout between of burning violence–looting, into erupted soon price ofthe war over Dissent perate measures. des Poverty residents drove to hard. hit inflation families lated, esca prices crop and cotton As Times Explosive ...... NORTHERN APPALACHIA: New York, Pennsylvania, Maryland 16th President of the ...... Dec 20 South Carolina secedes from Union 1861 ...... Feb 8 Confederate States of America declared in

Montgomery, AL ...... June 3 James Hanger is first amputee of Civil

War, at Battle of Philippi, WV - . - - ...... July 17 U.S. Congress authorizes first - government-issued paper money: “Greenbacks” - Altoona Railroaders Memorial Museum (PA): Blair County Convention and Visitors Bureau Lincoln &Grace Commemorative Statue –VillageofWestfield, NY train stoppedinWestfield tomeethiscorrespondent. did indeedgrow whiskers. After theelection,Lincoln’s ing himtogrow abeard.LincolnrespondedtoGrace and campaign poster. Grace wroteLincolnaletter, encourag- Bedell saw Abraham an image of a Lincoln thin-faced on a Prior to the 1860 Presidential election, 11-year-old Grace of thePen Power in theNationalBaseballHallofFame. al baseballafterthewar, thisCivilWar veteranis leadership intheearlydevelopmentofprofession- version ofbaseballwithfellowsoldiers.Forhis Volunteers, andmayhavesharedtheBrooklyn National BaseballHallofFame–Cooperstown,NY Bulkeley enlistedwiththeThirteenthNewYork diers oftenplayedbaseballforrecreation.Morgan As reportedinperiodnewspapers,CivilWar sol- Soldier’s Game ...... Jan 19 Battle of Mill Springs in Kentucky is 1862 Union’s first significant victory ...... Feb 1 Julia Howe publishes “Battle Hymn of the

Republic” .

...... April 12 The Great Locomotive Chase through

Tunnel Hill and Ringgold, GA .

...... July 29 West Virginian Belle Boyd arrested for

the first time as a spy ...... Sept 17 U.S. Army’s Alleghany Arsenal explodes,

killing 78 in Altoona, PA ...... Sept 17 Battle of Antietam, MD is bloodiest

one-day battle in American history: 23,000 soldiers killed, wounded or missing after 12 hours of combat .

...... Sept 24-25 Loyal War Governor’s Conference held in Altoona, PA ...... Oct 8 Battle of Perryville fought in Chaplin Hills

of Kentucky

.

...... Dec 31 General Sill killed at Battle of Stone’s River Lincoln & Grace Commemorative Statue (NY): Chautauqua County Visitors Bureau Baseball Hall of Fame (NY): National Baseball Hall of Fame Library

in Murfreesboro, TN Congress of Library Boyd: Belle Cumberland GapNationalHistoricalPark–Middlesboro,KY and desolatefordecades. road. Theconflictleftthisimportantterrainravaged occupation andcontroloftheVirginia toTennessee rail- settlers duringtheWar, asbothsidesfoughtforarea coaches usedthismountainouspass.Soldiersdisplaced more than300,000pioneers,cattledrivesandstage- a gatewaythroughthemountains.From1760-1850, like DanielBoone,discoveredthisgeologicalcutas Indians andbuffaloinhabitedtheGapbeforetrackers, The Passage Between Independence Hall –Wheeling,WV the adoptionofWest ’s statehood onJune20, 1863. vention, heldNovember 1861toFebruary 1862,whichledto mate government forthestate; and theConstitutional Con- Government ofVirginia, recognizedbyLincolnasthelegiti- Wheeling Convention inJune1861toformtheRestored convention inMay 1861todiscuss secession, thesecond gatherings leadingtoWest Virginia’s statehood: apro-Union This former Custom House hosted three major political Seeking NORTH-CENTRAL APPALACHIA: West Virginia, Ohio,Kentucky 1863 ...... Jan 1 Emancipation Proclamation .

...... Jan 18 Shelton Laurel Massacre in Madison

County, NC ...... May 22 War Department establishes the Bureau of

Colored Troops Corporation Tourism Park/Virginia Historic National Gap Cumberland VA): TN, (KY, Park Historical National Gap Cumberland ...... June 20 State of West Virginia officially created .

..... July 1-3 Battle of Gettysburg (PA) .

..... July 18 Battle on the streets of Wytheville, VA Belle BoydHouse–Martinsburg,WV “Siren oftheShenandoah”atherchildhoodhome. one of the war’s most notorious spies. Learn about the arrests, imprisonment, exile and betrayals, became Belle turned to espionage at 17 and despite several Confederate Generals Ashby and “Stonewall” Jackson. in on Union conversations to obtain information for Using her feminine charm, Isabella (Belle) listened Business Risky .

...... Sept 19-20 Battle of Chickamauga fought in Independence northwest GA .

...... Oct 3 Lincoln designates last Thursday in November

as Thanksgiving ...... Nov 19 Lincoln delivers Gettysburg address 1864 ...... Feb 21 Acts of kindness at Battle of Ellis Bridge in

West Point, MS .

...... June 10 Battle of Brices Cross Roads in MS is

significant Confederate Victory Berea College. as Berea College. later and the school known became 1859. years in three returned They group was banished from Kentucky stance and loyalty to the Union, the Because of the anti-slavery Bereans’ women. and includingblacks means, economic limited and promise great provided students education of all to ity, justice. school and The peace on dignity, values of human equal school foundedBerea, in 1855in colony abolitionist and of asmall principal as served Rogers ohn on PrincipalStanding House –Ripley,Rankin OH Landmark. toric now is aNational and His Railroad important stop on the Underground of Ohio the River,banks an became on house, the located freedom. His to slaves escaping sheltered 2,000 denouncing slavery and ultimately of letters aseries wrote Rankin ment, John minister Presbyterian antislavery the move to Devoted HavenSafe .

...... July 6 Barracks No. 3 converted into a Confederate

Prisoner of War Camp in Elmira, NY ...... May 15 VMI cadets fight at , VA – Berea, KY –Berea, .

..... Oct 11 Slavery abolished in Maryland .

...... Oct 26-29 Battle rages in Decatur, AL; musket fire

pits columns of Old Bank Building

.

...... Nov 8 Lincoln elected for second term as President 1865 - .

April 9 Lee surrenders at Appomattox Courthouse, VA - .... - ...... April 14 President Lincoln shot at Ford’s Theatre Berea College (KY): Berea College Rankin House (OH): Brown County Tourism Independence Hall (WV): Michael Keller WV Division of Culture and History Colonel Allen House – Marshall, NC Colonel Allen House –Marshall, Laurel Massacre. ofacts violence Shelton occurred–the bed. Nearby, one of the more heinous W. Allen, while his two sons ill lay in sacked the house of Col. Lawrence ran 50 Union civilians soldiers and revolts. 1863, January of In agang gunpowder, local several to led make as well as foods and meats preserve to of used salt, Scarcity Measures Desperate Complex SC –Greenville, River Industrial Reedy Restored forlances the Confederate Army. ambu and caissons wagons, needed for produce to much-factory ayear carriage South Carolina cessful suc of their management assumed daughter, and Elizabeth, Cordelia, family business. T. G. Gower’s wife, out of traditional roles and into the war, to off women stepped often prominent wentWhen businessmen Booming Business Jar of . Photo courtesy Museum of Appalachia SOUTH-CENTRAL APPALACHIA: Virginia, Carolina, North South Carolina, Tennessee ...... July 13 Horace Greeley encourages readers to “Go

West, Young Man” ceremony, dedication Marker Trails War Civil (NC), House Allen Colonel . Dec 6 13th Amendment ratified,

abolishing slavery 2007: Madison County Visitor Center Visitor County Madison 2007:

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Reedy River Complex (SC): TonySmithPhotography.com (VMI) –Lexington, VA(VMI) Institute Virginia Military eral “Stonewall” Jackson. bronze ofVMIProfessor Gen- museum, see Ezekiel’s small markers a few feet away. At the names inscribed on marble beneath themonument, their killed at New Market areburied campus. Sixofthe10cadets ed thestatue, Virginia Mourning Her Dead,located onVMI’s the battlefield that day. Ezekielsculpt Intribute,masterartist a cadetintheBattle ofNew Market. He lostseveral friendson American studentat VMIin1862.Two years later, hefoughtas becamethefirstJewish- Moses JacobEzekiel, 18,purportedly Paying Respect Thomas’ Parkway, Divide,BlueRidge Milepost464.5–Cherokee, NC defend against continuedinsurgency. negotiated forhismentoreturnhomewithaweapon, to Lane Cunningham left Middle Tennessee to join invaders end,Thomas andguerillawarfare. At war’s the Union Army. He hid his only cow in a nearby cave to avoid slaughter, and provide mountaineers, protected localcitizensfromUnion 10 companiesand1,000 troopsofCherokees and Plenty milk andbutterforhisfamily. Hiswife, recruits with him. “Thomas’ Legion,”comprised recruits withhim.“Thomas’ ate Armyin1862,Thomas broughtCherokee tribe in1839. WhenhejoinedtheConfeder Catherine, chilled the family’s heirloom Thomas Carolina becameChiefoftheNorth Advocate for theCherokees, WilliamHolland buttermilk jarinanearbystream.Of- ten the contents disappeared, but the jar survived. Made by early potters, the jar is on display at the museum. Museum ofAppalachia–Norris,TN Defenders Legions of Legions of

VMI Cadets on Parade (VA): Lexington-Rockbridge Area Tourism Area Lexington-Rockbridge (VA): Parade on Cadets VMI - -

Thomas Divide (NC): Mike Booher Springs, MS Springs, Walter Estate & Gardens –Holly of war. the remainder to the estate access Troops’ for the Grant restricted Federalalso courtesy, Southern this General To inside. match Grant was Mrs. forbade entry to the house while Van Holly invaded Springs, Dorn theWhen Confederatearea. troops her husband’sing occupation of lived Grant, S. here dur Ulysses of wife Julia Grant, Union General Abounds Chivalry Kennesaw, GA Southern MuseumofCivilWar andLocomotive History– Tunnel Hill,Georgia,thwartingtheplan. gave chase.Andrews’trainranoutofsteamnear two boxcars,andracednorth.Conductorcrew Confederate garb,stoletheengine“General”and supply route.Hedisguised21Unionsoldiersin Western andAtlanticRailroad,avitalConfederate Civilian spyJamesAndrewsplannedtodestroythe The Grea Shields-Ethridge Farm –GA Farm Shields-Ethridge children. for farm slaves operatethe her to war, Charity negotiated with her With fighting boys the off the farm. 800-acre got the two sons cattle, respectively.and beans His one and lot ofels corn, of sheep, of 70 cotton, bales bush three four horses, one mule, 17 hogs, received 1863, Charity wife his April in died Shields James When Saving the Farm SOUTHERN APPALACHIA: Georgia, Alabama,Mississippi - -

Shields-Ethridge Heritage Farm (GA) Walter Estate (MS): Holly Springs Tourism Bureau t Chase Corinth Contraband Camp–Corinth, MS Contraband,“ surroundthetrail throughthecamp. depicting thelives ofthesepeopleconsidered“War’s town known as“Contraband Camp.”Bronzefigures, ment ofAfrican Descenttoprotectthenewlyformed - Regi armed themandformedthe1stAlabamaInfantry pied Corinth. He actively recruited1,000 malerefugees, - aslaborersinUnion-occu seeking protectiontoserve Union General GrenvilleDodgeenlistedescapedslaves Strategist The General

Southern Museum of Locomotive and Civil War History (GA): Cobb County CVB from rubble. the day–to construct over shanties 200 a adollar phy other slaves–at and Mur Robert recruited Soldiers use as a hospital and guardhouse. one of four buildings spared, for and homes. The Old State is Bank ing down churches, all businesses tear by Decatur leave fortified and soldiers forced most residents to second occupation 1864,in Union River.nessee the North’sDuring junction on Ten the railroad tant foughtsides for Decatur, impor an often as bothoccurred Skirmishes Firestorm the Surviving Bluff, AL Cedar – Furnace Cornwall Alabama. Historic Landmark, northernin aNational 35-foot-high furnace, Sherman’s troops. You see the can by Union two attacks General ate cannons. 1864,In it survived foriron of Confeder construction limestone,local was firstto supply built 1862 in of Furnace, Cornwall builtammunition and boats. Factories produced made guns, War the Powering www.visitappalachia.com

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- - - - Corinth Contraband Camp (MS): Corinth Convention and Visitors Bureau Old State Bank (AL): Decatur-Morgan County Cornwall Furnace (AL): April Woodfin, Cherokee County Chamber of Commerce Convention & Visitors Bureau