NORTH-CENTRAL APPALACHIA: West Virginia, Ohio, Kentucky SOUTH-CENTRAL APPALACHIA: Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee SOUTHERN APPALACHIA: Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi Belle Boyd: Library of Congress Risky Paying Respect Moses Jacob Ezekiel, 18, purportedly became the first Jewish- Business American student at VMI in 1862. Two years later, he fought as a cadet in the Battle of New Market. He lost several friends on Using her feminine charm, Isabella (Belle) listened the battlefield that day. In tribute, master artist Ezekiel sculpt- in on Union conversations to obtain information for ed the statue, Virginia Mourning Her Dead, located on VMI’s Confederate Generals Ashby and “Stonewall” Jackson. Colonel Allen House (NC), Civil War Trails Marker dedication ceremony, campus. Six of the 10 cadets Belle turned to espionage at 17 and despite several 2007: Madison County Visitor Center Cornwall Furnace (AL): April Woodfin, Cherokee County Chamber of Commerce killed at New Market are buried arrests, imprisonment, exile and betrayals, became Desperate Measures Powering the War Scarcity of salt, used to preserve beneath the monument, their one of the war’s most notorious spies. Learn about the Factories produced guns, made NORTHERN APPALACHIA: New York, Pennsylvania, Maryland meats and foods as well as make names inscribed on marble ammunition and built boats. “Siren of the Shenandoah” at her childhood home. gunpowder, led to several local Cornwall Furnace, built in 1862 of markers a few feet away. At the revolts. In January 1863, a gang of local limestone, was first to supply Belle Boyd House – Martinsburg, WV 50 Union soldiers and civilians ran- museum, see Ezekiel’s small iron for construction of Confeder- sacked the house of Col. Lawrence bronze of VMI Professor Gen- ate cannons. In 1864, it survived W. Allen, while his two ill sons lay in two attacks by Union General bed. Nearby, one of the more heinous eral “Stonewall” Jackson. Sherman’s troops. You can see the acts of violence occurred–the Shelton Virginia Military Institute 35-foot-high furnace, a National Laurel Massacre. Historic Landmark, in northern Colonel Allen House – Marshall, NC (VMI) – Lexington, VA Alabama. Cornwall Furnace – VMI Cadets on Parade (VA): Lexington-Rockbridge Area Tourism Cedar Bluff, AL Jar of Plenty Independence Hall (WV): Michael Keller WV Division of Culture and History Lane Cunningham left Middle Tennessee to join Altoona Railroaders Memorial Museum (PA): Blair County Convention and Visitors Bureau Southern Museum of Locomotive and Civil War History (GA): Cobb County CVB the Union Army. He hid his only cow in a Old State Bank (AL): Decatur-Morgan County Convention & Visitors Bureau Hub of Activity Baseball Hall of Fame (NY): National Baseball Hall of Fame Library nearby cave to avoid slaughter, and provide Surviving the Founded by the Pennsylvania Rail- milk and butter for his family. His wife, Firestorm road, Altoona quickly became a Skirmishes occurred often as both valuable transportation hub, build- Catherine, chilled the family’s heirloom sides fought for Decatur, an impor- ing locomotives and using the The GreaT Chase buttermilk jar in a nearby stream. Of- tant railroad junction on the Ten- famous Horseshoe Curve to elevate Civilian spy James Andrews planned to destroy the seekinG independenCe nessee River. During the North’s trains for crossing the Allegheny ten the contents disappeared, but the Soldier’s Game This former Custom House hosted three major political Western and Atlantic Railroad, a vital Confederate second occupation in 1864, Union Ridge and accessing points west. As reported in period newspapers, Civil War sol- jar survived. Made by early potters, soldiers forced most residents to Strategically located, Altoona gatherings leading to West Virginia’s statehood: a pro-Union supply route. He disguised 21 Union soldiers in leave and fortified Decatur by tear- hosted the 1862 Conference of diers often played baseball for recreation. Morgan the jar is on display at the museum. convention in May 1861 to discuss secession, the second Confederate garb, stole the engine “General” and ing down all churches, businesses Northern War Governors and also Bulkeley enlisted with the Thirteenth New York Museum of Appalachia – Norris, TN and homes. The Old State Bank is became a target by Confederates. Wheeling Convention in June 1861 to form the Restored two boxcars, and raced north. Conductor and crew Volunteers, and may have shared the Brooklyn one of four buildings spared, for Altoona Railroaders Memorial Government of Virginia, recognized by Lincoln as the legiti- gave chase. Andrews’ train ran out of steam near use as a hospital and guardhouse. Museum – Altoona, PA version of baseball with fellow soldiers. For his Soldiers recruited Robert Mur- mate government for the state; and the Constitutional Con- Tunnel Hill, Georgia, thwarting the plan. leadership in the early development of profession- phy and other slaves–at a dollar a vention, held November 1861 to February 1862, which led to Southern Museum of Civil War and Locomotive History – day–to construct over 200 shanties al baseball after the war, this Civil War veteran is from the rubble. the adoption of West Virginia’s statehood on June 20, 1863. Kennesaw, GA in the National Baseball Hall of Fame. Independence Hall – Wheeling, WV Legions of National Baseball Hall of Fame – Cooperstown, NY Rankin House (OH): Brown County Tourism Safe Haven Devoted to the antislavery move- Gordon-RobertsHouse (MD) ment, Presbyterian minister John Local Correspondent Rankin wrote a series of letters defenders When son Tommy joined the The Passage Between denouncing slavery and ultimately Advocate for the Cherokees, William Holland Southern Army, prominent citizen sheltered 2,000 slaves escaping to Priscilla McKaig recorded the Indians and buffalo inhabited the Gap before trackers, freedom. His house, located on the Thomas became Chief of the North Carolina Walter Estate (MS): Holly Springs Tourism Bureau event in the family journal. From banks of the Ohio River, became an Chivalry Abounds like Daniel Boone, discovered this geological cut as tribe in 1839. When he joined the Confeder- Julia Grant, wife of Union General 1850-1866, she documents area important stop on the Underground Ulysses S. Grant, lived here dur- activities: capture of her sec- a gateway through the mountains. From 1760-1850, Railroad and is now a National His- ate Army in 1862, Thomas brought Cherokee ing her husband’s occupation of ond son; behavior of occupying toric Landmark. more than 300,000 pioneers, cattle drives and stage- recruits with him. “Thomas’ Legion,” comprised the area. When Confederate troops troops–Confederate and Union; Rankin House – Ripley, OH invaded Holly Springs, Van Dorn visits to the front lines; and secret coaches used this mountainous pass. Soldiers displaced 10 companies and 1,000 troops of Cherokees and forbade entry to the house while postal system. View journal at the settlers during the War, as both sides fought for area mountaineers, protected local citizens from Union Mrs. Grant was inside. To match museum. Photo courtesy Museum of Appalachia this Southern courtesy, General Gordon-Roberts House – occupation and control of the Virginia to Tennessee rail- invaders and guerilla warfare. At war’s end, Thomas Grant also restricted Federal Cumberland, MD road. The conflict left this important terrain ravaged negotiated for his men to return home with a weapon, to Troops’ access to the estate for the Corinth Contraband Camp (MS): Corinth Convention and Visitors Bureau Clearfield County Historical Society “Bloody Knox Cabin Reenactors”: Photo courtesy and desolate for decades. defend against continued insurgency. remainder of the war. Walter Estate & Gardens –Holly Cumberland Gap National Historical Park – Middlesboro, KY Thomas’ Divide, Blue Ridge Parkway, Milepost 464.5 – Cherokee, NC Springs, MS Lincoln & Grace Commemorative Statue (NY): Chautauqua County Visitors Bureau The General Berea College (KY): Berea College Power Standing on Principal ohn Rogers served as principal Reedy River Complex (SC): TonySmithPhotography.com Shields-Ethridge Heritage Farm (GA) Farm Heritage Shields-Ethridge Strategist of a small colony and abolitionist Explosive Times school in Berea, founded in 1855 Booming Business Saving the Farm Union General Grenville Dodge enlisted escaped slaves As cotton and crop prices esca- on values of human dignity, equal- When prominent businessmen went When James Shields died in April seeking protection to serve as laborers in Union-occu- lated, inflation hit families hard. of the Pen ity, peace and justice. The school off to war, women often stepped 1863, his wife Charity received Poverty drove residents to des- Prior to the 1860 Presidential election, 11-year-old Grace provided education to all students of out of traditional roles and into the four horses, one mule, 17 hogs, pied Corinth. He actively recruited 1,000 male refugees, perate measures. Dissent over Bedell saw an image of a thin-faced Abraham Lincoln on a great promise and limited economic family business. T. G. Gower’s wife, three bales of cotton, 70 bush- armed them and formed the 1st Alabama Infantry Regi- the price of war soon erupted means, including blacks and women. Elizabeth, and daughter, Cordelia, els of corn, and one lot of sheep, into violence–looting, burning of campaign poster. Grace wrote Lincoln a letter, encourag- Because of the Bereans’ anti-slavery assumed management of their suc- cattle,