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Annual Report 2019-2020

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Annual Report 2019-2020 Research doesn't just happen. Every discovery, large or small, occurs because somebody put their heart and soul into it. And that somebody - a scientist - didn't do it alone. Countless other people were part of each discovery, from technicians to lab assistants, engineers to students; everyone involved was part of the journey. In these 30 years, scientists at RGCB were part of numerous breakthroughs. Those findings, we believe, have improved the lives of many people in many ways. In these pages, we feature some of the discoveries for which RGCB has received national and international recognition, since its inception in 1990. These and many other breakthroughs over the last 30 years in various disciplines have contributed to making RGCB one of the leading research centres in the country. THREE DECADES OF BREAKTHROUGHS ANNUAL REPORT 2019-20 1 POWER PAIRS 4 From Cancer Genomics to Spice Genomics 10 Getting a Grip on Dengue and Chandipura 18 Breast Cancer Beta HCG and Progesterone Shifts 23 From Cellular Engineering to Cellular Bioimaging 28 Using Drug Miniatures and Carriers for Cancer 33 Diabetes Disease Development and Progression Biomarker 36 Infertility PCOS Biology and Sperm Proteomics 40 43 esearch doesn’t just happen. Every discovery, Stem Cells Treatment Strategy and Disease Development R 48 large or small, occurs because somebody put their Cardiac Failure Mitochondria Biology to RNA Biology heart and soul into it. And that somebody - a scientist Peptide Antibiotics Stopping MRSA and Killing Vibrio Cholerae 53 - didn’t do it alone. Countless other people were part Stem Cells Accelerating Tumorigenesis and Cancer Metastasis 59 of each discovery, from technicians to lab assistants, Mechanical Stress Aiding Tumors and Varicose Veins 63 engineers to students; everyone involved was part of HPV Vaccination Strategies to Stop a Deadly Cancer 67 the journey. Genetics Medicinal Rice Ancestry and Immunity in Pepper 70 75 In these 30 years, scientists at RGCB were part of Revealing Mitotic Secrets and Drug Repositioning numerous breakthroughs. Those findings, we believe, Understanding Excitotoxicity Biology and Calcium Detection 78 have improved the lives of many people in many ways. CONTENTS Pathogens Pathway Elucidation and Biofilm Genomics 81 In these pages, we feature some of the discoveries for Deciphering Chemosensitization and Non-Coding RNAs 84 which RGCB has received national and international From Plasmodium Epigenetics to Schizophrenia Epigenetics 88 recognition, since its inception in 1990. These and Microbes Providing Cancer Drugs to Becoming Drug Resistant 92 many other breakthroughs over the last 30 years in Biodiversity Providing Life Savers and Energy Sources 97 various disciplines have contributed to making RGCB one of the leading research centres in the country. 2 1 2 POWER PAIRS 4 From Cancer Genomics to Spice Genomics 10 Getting a Grip on Dengue and Chandipura 18 Breast Cancer Beta HCG and Progesterone Shifts 23 From Cellular Engineering to Cellular Bioimaging 28 Using Drug Miniatures and Carriers for Cancer 33 Diabetes Disease Development and Progression Biomarker 36 Infertility PCOS Biology and Sperm Proteomics 40 Stem Cells Treatment Strategy and Disease Development 43 Cardiac Failure Mitochondria Biology to RNA Biology 48 Peptide Antibiotics Stopping MRSA and Killing Vibrio Cholerae 53 Stem Cells Accelerating Tumorigenesis and Cancer Metastasis 59 Mechanical Stress Aiding Tumors and Varicose Veins 63 HPV Vaccination Strategies to Stop a Deadly Cancer 67 Genetics Medicinal Rice Ancestry and Immunity in Pepper 70 Revealing Mitotic Secrets and Drug Repositioning 75 Understanding Excitotoxicity Biology and Calcium Detection 78 CONTENTS Pathogens Pathway Elucidation and Biofilm Genomics 81 Deciphering Chemosensitization and Non-Coding RNAs 84 From Plasmodium Epigenetics to Schizophrenia Epigenetics 88 Microbes Providing Cancer Drugs to Becoming Drug Resistant 92 Biodiversity Providing Life Savers and Energy Sources 97 1 3 2 Revisiting 15 Years of Leadership at RGCB ............................... 06 A Proud History ................................................................................. 13 The Eureka Moments .......................................................................16 Savouring the Moments .................................................................63 Fueling Discoveries ..........................................................................69 Catalysing the Future: RGCB Support Systems ...................................................................98 General Body of RGCB ................................................................. 120 Governing Council of RGCB ..........................................................121 The RGCB Scientific Advisory Council (SAC) ..........................122 Institutional Human Ethics Committee (RGCB IHEC) ..............................................................123 Institutional Animal Ethics Committee (RGCB IAEC) ..............................................................125 4 4 Government of India Dr. Renu Swarup Secretary Department of Biotechnology Government of India Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology was taken over by Govt. of India as a National Institute on 1st April 2007 as an Autonomous Institute of Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science & Technology. RGCB as a state run institute had established great strength in biotechnology research and as a National institute during the last 13 years, RGCB has demonstrated its competence in wide ranging areas of Disease biology, and Cancer Research, Chemical Biology and Plant Disease Biology. RGCB is a premier institute of DBT, unique in its mandate because it covers all aspects from basic to translational research and its focusses on local, regional, national and global problems. The institute has over these years created a great impact in connecting academia – industry, promoting start-ups through the incubator and has also focussed on capacity building both for human resource and infrastructure. From a Centre for Development, Education, Science and Technology, of the state to a premier National institute of the Govt. of India the RCGB has gone a long way in the last 30 years delivery high quality research out comes. I am confident this institute will continue to play a pivotal role in the growth trajectory of Biotechnology. 5 REVISITING 15 YEARS OF LEADERSHIP AT RGCB Professor M Radhakrishna Pillai FRCPath, PhD, FNA, FAMS, FNASc, FASc 6 t is a proud privilege for RGCB to bring out this Annual Report celebrating 30 years of the institute.I This time is all the more important and significant since this will be the last RGCB Annual Report published by our current Director, Professor M. Radhakrishna Pillai whose 15 year remarkable tenure ends in August of 2020. The Editorial Team (ET) therefore decided in place of the customary introductory Director’s message, to have a personal interview with Professor Pillai and his reflections of the growth and success of RGCB in the past 15 years. ET: We are celebrating the 30th anniversary of RGCB this year. You have been at the helm for the last 15 of the 30 years, which forms a major part of the Institute’s existence. How do you feel about the journey? MRP: The Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology (RGCB) is a growing phenomenon. RGCB began in 1990 amongst humble surroundings as a small charitable society called the Centre for Development of Education, Science and Technology (C-DEST). On April 18, 1994 the Government of Kerala took a landmark decision to restructure the institute into a comprehensive biotechnology center and thus was created the Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology under the Kerala State Council for Science, Technology and Environment. I must place on record the wonderful contributions of the two previous Directors, Dr. M.R. Das and Dr. Raghava V Thampan for their efforts in making RGCB one of the most active and vibrant state research institutes. I joined in 2005 and was given a mandate by the state government to take RGCB forward to a final goal of becoming a national institute. In December 2005 I was given an opportunity to present RGCB to the Honorable Prime Minister of India at his residence for a one to one meeting. Hardly 8 months into the job, this was a huge challenge for me and at the same time, a most important opportunity to place RGCB on the national scene. The meeting lasted 40 minutes. With divine blessings of god and results of hard work done by my colleagues, we could finally convince the central government of our commitment and capability. On February 28, 2006 while presenting the Union Budget to Parliament, The Honorable Union Finance Minister announced, “If agriculture is an ancient Indian skill, biotechnology is the new frontier that India will conquer. In order to foster research and development in biotechnology, the Ministry of Science and Technology has decided to accord the status of an autonomous National Institute to the Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala”.I firmly believe that this was the greatest honor RGCB has received. RGCB had clearly stood up to the trust, confidence and faith put in it by the Government and people of Kerala as well as the Department of Biotechnology that had unflinchingly supported the center through research grants for almost a decade. RGCB’s long awaited tryst with destiny became a reality on August 2, 2007 when the Union Council of Ministers chaired by the Honorable Prime Minister approved the take over of RGCB from April
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