12 Oil Sands and Heavy-Oil Symposium: A Local to Global Multidisciplinary Collaboration 14 Winter University Lecture Tour Wrap-Up Dr. Brad Hayes and Unconventional Oil and Gas 20 Go Take a Hike

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CSPG OFFICE Winter University Lecture Tour Wrap-Up #110, 333 – 5th Avenue SW Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2P 3B6 Dr. Brad Hayes and Unconventional Oil and Gas ...... 14 Tel: 403-264-5610 Web: www.cspg.org Honorary Member – Dr. Peter Putnam ...... 15 Office hours: Monday to Friday, 8:30am to 4:00pm 26th Annual CSPG/CSEG/CAPL 10Kkm/15km Road Race and Fun Run...... 17 Executive Director: Lis Bjeld 25th Annual Mixed Golf Tournament...... 18 Tel: 403-513-1235, Email: [email protected] Event Coordinator: Kelsey Thompson Go Take a Hike ...... 20 Tel: 403-513-1226, Email: [email protected] Member Services: Photo of the Month...... 23 Tel: 403-264-5610, Email: [email protected] Publications and Website: Emma MacPherson 2013 Link Award ...... 25 Email: [email protected], Tel: 403-513-1230 Educational Trust Fund/Outreach Coordinator: Kasandra Amaro 2013 Medal of Merit ...... 26 Tel: 403-513-1226, Email: [email protected] Technical Programs: Biljana Popovic Graduate Student Thesis Award Best M.Sc...... 28 Tel: 403-513-1225, Email: [email protected] Corporate Sponsorship: Lis Bjeld Tel: 403-513-1235, Email: [email protected] DEPARTMENTS Controller: Eric Tang Executive Comment ...... 5 Tel: 403-513-1232, Email: [email protected] Technical Luncheons ...... 9 EDITORS/AUTHORS Please submit RESERVOIR articles to the CSPG office. Division Talks ...... 10 Submission deadline is the 23rd day of the month, two months prior to issue date. (e.g., January 23 for the March issue). Rock Shop ...... 8, 12, 14

To publish an article, the CSPG requires digital copies of the document. Text should be in Microsoft Word format and illustrations should be in TIFF format at 300 dpi., at final size. For additional information on manuscript preparation, refer to the Guidelines for Authors published in the CSPG Bulletin or contact the editor.

Technical Editors Hugh S. Mosher Colin Yeo (Assistant Tech. Editor) Nunaga Resources Ltd. Encana Corporation M.: 403-809-9997 Tel: 403-645-7724 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

Coordinating Editor Emma MacPherson, Publications Coordinator, CSPG Tel: 403-513-1230, [email protected],

ADVERTISING Advertising inquiries should be directed to Emma MacPherson, Tel: 403-513-1230 email: [email protected]. The deadline to reserve advertising space is the 23rd day of the month, two months prior to issue date.

The RESERVOIR is published 11 times per year by the Canadian Society of Petroleum Geologists. This includes a combined issue for the months of July and August. The purpose of the RESERVOIR is to publicize the Society’s many activities and to promote the geosciences. We look for both technical and non-technical material to publish. Additional information on the RESERVOIR’s submission guidelines can be found at http://www.cspg. org/publications/pubs-reservoir-submissions.cfm. The contents of this publication may not be reproduced either in part or in full without the consent of the publisher. Additional copies of the RESERVOIR are available at the CSPG office. No official endorsement or sponsorship by the CSPG is implied for any advertisement, insert, or article that appears in the Reservoir unless otherwise noted. All submitted materials are reviewed by the editor. We reserve the right to edit all submissions, including letters to the Editor. Submissions must include your name, address, and membership number (if applicable). The material contained in this publication is intended for informational use only. While reasonable care has been taken, authors and the CSPG make no guarantees that any of the equations, FRONT COVER schematics, or devices discussed will perform as expected or that they will give the desired results. Some information contained herein may be inaccurate or may vary from standard measurements. Ichthyosaur jaw fragment discovered in 2011 at a depth of about 3.7 km in a The CSPG expressly disclaims any and all liability for the acts, omissions, or conduct of any third-party user core from the Lower Triassic Montney Formation, north-east British Columbia. of information contained in this publication. Under no circumstances shall the CSPG and its officers, directors, Core diameter is 66 mm. Palaeontological studies currently being conducted on this employees, and agents be liable for any injury, loss, damage, or expense arising in any manner whatsoever from the acts, omissions, or conduct of any third-party user. fossil will shed further light on Triassic marine reptiles. Post-research, the specimen Designed and Printed by The Data Group of Companies, Calgary, Alberta. will be deposited at the Royal B.C. Museum. Photo by Jim Wood.

RESERVOIR ISSUE 06 • JUNE 2014 3 Closing the Gap II: Advances in Applied Geomodeling for Hydrocarbon Reservoirs

Conference Sessions & Speakers

Outcrops, Stratigraphy, and Geomodeling: Post-processing Geomodels: Lisa Stright, University of Utah,USA Clayton Deutsch, University of Alberta, Canada Michael Pyrcz, Chevron,USA Weishan Ren, Statoil, Canada

Multi-scale Data and Multi-variate Modeling: Modeling Uncertainty: Sanjay Srinivasan, University of Texas at Austin, USA Emmanuel Gringarten, Paradigm, USA Claude Scheepens, ConocoPhillips, USA W. Scott Meddaugh, Midwestern State University, USA

Properties in Models: Advancing Continuous Geomodeling Unconventionals: Variables Jeffrey Yarus, Halliburton, USA Mohan Srivastava, FSS Consultants, Canada Ian Gates, University of Calgary, Canada Colin Daly, Schlumberger, UK

Early Bird Deadline - June 27th, 2014

Register now at

www.cspg.org/conferences EXECUTIVE COMMENT A message from Darren Roblin, Director Corporate Relations

Geoscience Community and

CSPG Benefits of Being a EXECUTIVE Member of CSPG PAST PRESIDENT Paul MacKay • Shale Petroleum Ltd. Companies in the Canadian energy industry As an organisation, the CSPG largely [email protected] Tel: 403.457.3930 depend on the geoscience community to focuses on services to its members and be knowledgeable and innovative and to provides technical knowledge, often with PRESIDENT find, quantify and optimize oil and gas and the support of sponsors. This technical Dale Leckie manage risk in exploration, development knowledge is delivered in many forms and operations. The CSPG’s Corporate including on line and physical publications, Partners realize that Geoscientists who technical luncheons, conferences (both PRESIDENT ELECT are CSPG members are strengthened independently and in conjunction with Tony Cadrin • Journey Energy Inc. through participation in the geoscience other societies) and training in the [email protected] Tel: 403.303.3493 community as part of the CSPG’s mission classroom and in the field. GeoLOGIC is to advance the scientific technical Systems sponsors the webcasting of the FINANCE DIRECTOR learning and professional development of Technical Luncheons in case you can’t Gord Stabb • Durando Resources Corp. Geoscientists. Furthermore, Corporate make the luncheon or did but cannot [email protected] Tel: 403.819.8778 Partners realize that such advancements remember key information at a later date. are essential to the medium and long term More examples of technical information FINANCE DIRECTOR ELECT achievement of corporate goals. As such, the CSPG delivers to the membership Astrid Arts • Cenovus Energy include: the upcoming Gussow Conference [email protected] Tel: 403.766.5862 the strength of the Canadian geoscience community, the CSPG, and its members is with the theme Advances in Applied DIRECTOR integral to the continuing strength of the Geomodeling for Hydrocarbon Reservoirs; Alexis Anastas • Nexen Energy ULC Canadian energy industry. or the recent Reservoir publication [email protected] Tel: 403.699.4965 entitled Geomechanics For Everyone, Part GEOSCIENCE COMMUNITY AND 3: What is Fracability? Understanding the DIRECTOR BENEFITS OF BEING A MEMBER OF Effects of Geomechanical and Structural Andrew Fox • MEG Energy Corp. CSPG Factors on Fracturing in Unconventional [email protected] Tel: 403.770.5345 The CSPG offers a home for the geoscience Reservoirs written by Vahid Mostafavi community where members of all vintages and Keri Yule; or the standby 36 volumes DIRECTOR and specializations benefit from sharing of the Geological Atlas of the Western Milovan Fustic • Statoil Canada Ltd. scientific and technical concepts, being Canada Sedimentary Basin available [email protected] Tel: 403.724.3307 exposed to new play ideas and case digitally on the CSPG website thanks studies and sourcing quality professional in part to Devon Canada. The CSPG DIRECTOR development. Examples of the sharing of also works with students in an outreach Michael Laberge • Channel Energy Inc. technical concepts can be found at the highly program, provides scholarships and runs [email protected] Tel: 403.301.3739 successful “Division Talks”, sponsored by the Student industry Field Trip (SIFT) Cenovus Energy and many other division with the support of numerous generous DIRECTOR specific sponsors, where Geoscientists sponsors. The CSPG Educational Trust Robert Mummery • Almandine Resources Inc. can attend regular talks by division groups Fund (ETF) is a registered charity that [email protected] Tel: 403.651.4917 including: basin analysis, core and samples, supports programs that advance energy geoscience education and promote public DIRECTOR environment, geomodeling, heavy oil and Weishan Ren • Statoil Canada Ltd. oil sands, international, palaeontology, education about the energy geosciences. [email protected] Tel: 403.724.0325 sedimentology and structural geology. Individual contribution and participation As a home for the Geoscience community, DIRECTOR in the community enhances both the the CSPG provides many networking Darren Roblin • Endurance Energy community and the individual member’s events. Sports events include the Classic [email protected] Tel: 587.233.0784 experience in a mutually beneficial way. Golf Tournament, Mixed Golf Tournament, The member volunteers that lead and CSPG Road Race and Fun Run and CSPG EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR support the CSPG’s many activities make Squash Tournament. Recently, this year’s Lis Bjeld • CSPG considerable contributions to both the Energy Drivers Event was a great success [email protected] Tel: 403.513.1235 geoscience community and the technical where influential people in our industry proficiency of the society. (Continued on page 7...)

RESERVOIR ISSUE 06 • JUNE 2014 5 Medal of Merit Call For Nominations

Each year the CSPG awards the Medal of Merit to authors of the best peer-reviewed paper published during the previous year on a subject related to the petroleum geology of Canada. A sterling silver medal is presented to each of the authors. The list of previous winners can be seen under awards on the CSPG website.

The Medal of Merit Committee searches the literature for potential candidates and selects the best paper, favouring well written and illustrated papers with novel ideas that have relevance to Canadian petroleum geology and/or the broader practice of petroleum geology. The committee will be evaluating papers published during the calendar year 2013 for the 2014 award. In addition to papers from academic journals, papers which form part of a special publication are also eligible. If you know of a 2013 peer-reviewed paper that the committee should consider, please submit the details by July 31, 2014 to:

Ian Kirkland, Chair Medal of Merit Committee [email protected] (403) 294-5548 (...Continued from page 5) CSPG CORPORATE RELATIONS mixed with CSPG members. In addition, New this year in the CSPG is the informal Geocafé sessions are held in formalization of a Corporate Relations the CSPG offices. All of these events are Committee. The mandate of the CSPG great networking opportunities for energy Corporate Relations Committee is to Geoscientists. strengthen our relationship with energy industry companies in Canada by Clearly, the CSPG’s Corporate Partners understanding the Geoscience needs of and the Canadian energy industry in our Corporate Partners, raising their general benefit directly and indirectly awareness of CSPG activities, helping through the strength of the geoscience develop and guide sponsorship interest CORPORATE SPONSORS community and the member Geoscientists. and speaking to the advantages of If you have not done so recently, you may membership for our Corporate Partners’ SAMARIUM want to take some time to review what is Geoscientists. geoLOGIC systems ltd. happening on the CSPG site at cspg.org. (Continued on page 30...) TITANIUM ConocoPhillips APEGA Nexen ULC IHS Shell Canada Limited PLATINUM Schlumberger Canada Limited Cenovus Energy Inc. Imperial Oil Resources AGAT Laboratories GOLD Devon Canada Corporation MEG Energy Corp. Tourmaline Baker Hughes SILVER CGG Services (Canada) Inc. Suncor Energy MJ Systems Encana Corporation Canadian Natural Resources Ltd. Athabasca Oil Corporation Enerplus EOG Resources Canada Inc. Husky ION Geophysical Petrosys BRONZE Olympic Seismic Ltd. Arcis Seismic Solutions Seisware Loring Tarcore PGS Saudi Aramco Roke Technologies Ltd. Belloy Petroleum Consulting Earth Signal Processing Ltd Sensor Geophysical Ltd. Tucker Energy Services Canada Pro Geo Consultants Talisman Energy Geovariances Hunt Oil Tesla TGS Continental Laboratories (1985) Ltd. Total Gas Detection Ltd. RPS Energy Canada Ltd. Explor GLJ Petroleum Consultants Ltd. Paradigm Geophysical (Canada) Corp. PLS Inc As of May 2014 A Special Thanks to Geologic Systems Ltd., CSPG’s Top Sponsor of the Month. RESERVOIR ISSUE 06 • JUNE 2014 7 ROCK SHOP

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such as the Mississippi and Amazon, found several tens of kilometers inland, Ancient backwaters may reach many hundreds of suggesting the bayline was about 30km kilometers upstream, whereas they may from the shoreline. Previous estimates of Backwaters and be on the order of a few kilometers in Dunvegan valley slopes are on the order steeper gradient systems. of 0.0004, higher than the Mississippi, Baylines: Slope but lower than the Ferron. The gravel- Ancient deltaic systems of the sand transition lies considerably farther Magnitude and Cretaceous interior seaway of North landward as well, suggesting backwater America, including the micro-tidal distances might have been on the order its Control on Turonian Ferron Sandstone Member of 100 km. in Utah, show coarse-grained pebbly- Facies sandstone bedload river deposits that Estimation of slope and discharge thus feed medium-to fine-grained sandy can be made in ancient clastic systems Partitioning in shorelines. Cross-sections allow and allow prediction of the partitioning estimates of channel depth and width, of coarse versus fine-grained facies Ancient Fluvio- which can used to calculate the cross- at choke-points, as defined by the sectional area of a channel. Grain size backwater and bayline limits. Deltaic Systems and bedforms can be used to estimate flow velocity. When multiplied by the SPEAKER channel area, the velocity can be used Janok P. Bhattacharya to estimate discharge. Ferron trunk McMaster University channels are on the order of 5-9 m deep with discharge (Qw) of less than about 3 11: 30 am 1500 m /s. This suggests moderate Tuesday, June 3rd, 2014 size upstream drainage basins and a Calgary, TELUS Convention Centre propensity for downstream, distributary Macleod Hall C/D channels to produce hyperpycnal deltaic Calgary, Alberta deposits.

Please note: The cut-off date for ticket Within the Ferron clastic wedge, the Save the Date! pebble-to sand transition lies several sales is 1:00 pm, three business days CSPG Honorary Address before event. [Thursday, May 29, 2013]. kilometers from co-eval shoreline CSPG Member Ticket Price: $45.00 + GST. deposits, suggesting a short backwater Non-Member Ticket Price: $47.50 + GST. length. Slope estimates can also be made based on onlap distances of Each CSPG Technical Luncheon is 1 APEGA associated coastal prisms, as expressed PDH credit. Tickets may be purchased in stratigraphic cross sections. For the Understanding online at https://www.cspg.org/eSeries/ Ferron, slopes > 0.001, are an order- source/Events/index.cfm. of-magnitude steeper than for the low- gradient continental scale systems, Our Past, ABSTRACT like the Mississippi. This explains the A common observation in many position of the transition from pebble- Producing ancient clastic wedges is that shoreline to sand in the fluvial systems, at a few deposits are commonly significantly versus hundreds of kilometers from the finer than associated fluvial deposits. shoreline, as well as the lack of pebbles Our Future Abrupt downstream fining in rivers, and in co-eval shorelines. Onlap limits of increase in tidal or marine influence, bay and lagoon deposits, of several tens may mark the backwater and bayline of kilometers, mark the bayline and limits, which are controlled primarily by suggest an average tidal range of < 2m. Monday, November 17, slope, tidal range, and river discharge. The backwater distance, from the The Cenomanian Dunvegan Formation, 2014, 6:00 pm shoreline, is defined as the ratio of in Alberta, contains trunk streams on river depth versus slope, whereas the the order of 10-28 m deep. Discharge bayline is the tidal range divided by the estimates are correspondingly about 3 Jack Singer Concert Hall slope. In Modern continental-scale low times larger that the Ferron sandstone. slope river systems (i.e. Slope < 0.0001), Brackish water indicators have been

RESERVOIR ISSUE 06 • JUNE 2014 9 DIVISION TALKS GEOMODELING DIVISION Sponsored by

ABSTRACT below the resolution of wireline logs. As a Correlation of Conventional reservoir characterization result, flow-based numerical upscaling of workflows suggest that reservoir these models generates permeability and Permeability and permeability correlates most closely to porosity values capturing the effects of shale volume (VShale). However, the heterogeneity at the lamina scale. Volume of Shale effect of geological complexity involved in oil sand reservoirs, as well as the CONCLUSIONS in Oil Sands: facies dependency of permeability and We have established a set of correlations VShale is not well understood. This between permeability and shale volume by Improving uncertainty is particularly significant in applying geology-driven 3D near-wellbore facies with permeability < 500 millidarcy. models. These models assume the facies Predictability in We integrated multi-scale exploration data are a result of variation in volume, bedding from a producing McMurray Formation structure, and bioturbation of sand and Low Permeability reservoir to demonstrate the impact of mud. The absolute permeability varied centimeter-scale reservoir architecture within a tight range in each of these end Zones of the on permeability. The study uses high- member facies. These correlations fill the resolution 3D models of the near-wellbore gap between the core plug scale, where McMurray region to characterize observed variability the absolute permeability of each end in percentage, orientation and dimension member can be accurately measured, and Formation, of mud laminae, breccia clasts and trace the reservoir scale permeability. These fine fossils. near-wellbore models provide a tool for Alberta, Canada proper averaging of the core data within METHODOLOGY a target scale. The study indicated that SPEAKER We approached the problem from a the correlations between permeability and Les Dabek, P.Geol. geological perspective, creating models that shale volume are facies dependent. Two Geomodeling Technology Corp. are based on the geological relationships major correlations were identified which observed in cores or field analogues. Using were a result of the variations in bedding 12:00 Noon process-oriented modeling, realistic small and biological structures. The sensitivity Wednesday, June 25th, 2014 scale sedimentary structures and their study that was performed indicated that Place: TBA volumes are achieved. Analytical reservoir the vertical permeability is more sensitive Calgary, Alberta properties derived from core plugs were to the continuity and volume of the shale distributed on the basis of geological than the absolute permeability of each relationships in these 3D models, at a scale end members; nevertheless, for a given percentage of volume shale, the absolute permeability of mud has a greater impact on the average permeability than the absolute permeability of sand.

BIOGRAPHY Les Dabek (P.Geol) graduated from Brandon University (Manitoba, Canada) in 1996 with a Bachelor of Science Degree in Geology. Les has worked for more than 12 years as geologist at Geomodeling Technology Corp, with 8 years as product manager for SBED and ReservoirStudio 3D earth modeling software. His recent work is providing SBED 3D permeability modeling services for petroleum-development of oil sands SAGD thermal projects.

INFORMATION There is no charge for the division talk and we welcome non-members of the CSPG. Please bring your lunch. For details or to present a geomodeling talk in the future, please contact Weishan Ren at (403) 724-0325, e-mail: [email protected].

To better evaluate the correlation between vertical permeability and VShale, these models were upscaled at an interval of one meter which was equivalent to VShale log sampling.

10 RESERVOIR ISSUE 06 • JUNE 2014 Crossplotting of the upscale results improved the predictability of permeability with increased VShale and breccia percentages, and vertical permeability between two facies end members.

RESERVOIR ISSUE 06 • JUNE 2014 11 OIL SANDS AND HEAVY-OIL SYMPOSIUM: A Local to Global Multidisciplinary Collaboration

5.6 trillion barrels of bitumen and multifaceted aspects of the oil sands and maximum operating pressures and heavy-oil resource are estimated to heavy oil resources. Sessions will focus steam-chamber containment. occur globally in more than 100 countries, on geology, geophysics, engineering, with most of that resource occurring in environment, and regulatory aspects. The • Striking the Balance: Geoscience for the western hemisphere (Hein et al., 2013). 6 half day sessions will cover the following better integrated resource management For Canada, this is a massive resource topics: in a changing social and political climate. which faces considerable challenges. The challenges range from subsurface • The international resource base: oil This oil sands and heavy oil symposium characterization to drilling and completion sand, heavy oil and bitumen occurrences will follow a three day single track format designs to project economics, as well as and prospects around the world. including core/poster sessions. A meeting environmental and water considerations. of this scope and format will provide In the past decade, significant advances in • The Elephants in the Room: Large- an intimate environment that is free of the development and production of these scale geology characterization, including competing session content. The symposium resources have occurred by way of the regional studies covering geology, will also provide those in attendance with critical integration of geology, geophysics, geophysics, outcrop, core work, and the opportunity to interact with presenters engineering, modeling economics, and geo-modeling. and there will be dedicated time for group transportation. To continue with this theme discussion. of critical integration, the Canadian Society • Eating the Elephants: Medium to of Petroleum Geologists and the American micro-scale within-reservoir geology Registration for the symposium is open and Association of Petroleum Geologists will characterization, including detailed the rate for CSPG and AAPG members host a joint, multidisciplinary technical studies of compartmentalization, is $800 + gst and for non-members it is symposium on oil sands and heavy-oil. bitumen and reservoir fluids, fluid $950.00 + gst. Also, there are numerous This symposium “Oil Sands and Heavy- segregation within reservoirs, sponsorship opportunities to support this Oil Symposium: A Local to Global geo-modeling, and petrophysics. event. More details and updates about this Multidisciplinary Collaboration” will be symposium can be found at www.cspg.org/ held in Calgary at the Metropolitan Centre, • 21st Century Geology for conferences. October 14-16, 2014. Production: New drilling, completion and production technologies, REFERENCE The goals of the symposium are to highlight conformance issues related to steam Hein, Frances J., Dale A. Leckie, Steve Larter, the global nature of the resource, advances chambers for in-situ development; and John R. Suter, 2013, Heavy oil and bitumen in recovery technologies, the contributions maximum operating pressures and other petroleum systems in Alberta and beyond: The resource geoscientists are making to the issues related to surface mining. future is nonconventional and the future is now, challenges of environmental protection and in F. J. Hein, D. A. Leckie, S. Larter, and J. R. social license, as well as driving prosperity • Focus Session on Public Safety and Suter, eds., Heavy-oil and oil-sand petroleum and better standards of living for all through In-Situ Recovery: Caprock definitions, systems in Alberta and beyond: AAPG Studies in sustainable energy development. description, integrity assessment, Geology 64, p. 1-21. identification of faults and fractures, This multidisciplinary technical symposium casing integrity and other factors that will take a holistic approach to the various affect caprock integrity, its prediction,

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12 RESERVOIR ISSUE 06 • JUNE 2014 53rd ANNUAL CSPG CLASSIC Elbow Springs Golf Club • June 19-20, 2014

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Schlumberger of Canada geoLOGIC Systems Little Rock Document Services To complete registration login to the website with your CSPG member ID. Emerald Sponsors Weatherford Canada Halliburton Group Canada Please call (403) 513-1233 for assistance. Partnership GeoStrata Resources Inc. RECON Petrotechnologies Ltd. Energy Navigator Registration Includes RBC Dominion Securities Divestco Inc. ProGeo Consultants Baker Hughes 2 rounds of golf at Elbow Springs MJ Systems AGAT Laboratories IHS Power Cart Platinum Sponsors Driving Range

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Sponsorship Welcome, Contact James Ablett (403) 290-7670 Social events cancellation or additions require 72 hours Visit us on Facebook or Linkedin: CSPG Classic Golf notice before the event. Please contact Scott Thain

(403) 262-9229, cell (403) 999– 8558 or In 2014 the charity selected is the email: [email protected] CSPG Educational Trust Fund Last day for refunds Friday June 13, 2014 WINTER UNIVERSITY LECTURE TOUR WRAP-UP Dr. Brad Hayes and Unconventional Oil and Gas | By Garrett Quinn, University Outreach Committee Member

This winter the University Outreach The principal audience for the tour was the currently working on regulations to govern committee was able to send Dr. Brad students, who got an inside look at the type unconventional development. In his CBC Hayes to six schools in Western Canada. of work that’s being done by geoscientists interview he stressed the importance of The schools hosting the talk were the in Calgary – outside what they might think having geoscientists gathering facts about University of Victoria, Vancouver Island of as traditional roles of geologists and the plays that might be developed and the University, Yukon College, University of geophysicists. The students were also told water resources before the initiation of British Columbia, Simon Fraser University about opportunities for students from the major development. In the article “Meet the and University of Alberta. Brad is the CSPG, including activity grants, scholarships Frackers” in the Yukon News, when asked president of Petrel Robertson Consulting and the Student Industry Field Trip (SIFT). about environmental concerns surrounding here in Calgary and a CSPG Past-President, For students at most of the schools on water and unconventional development, serving his term in 2001. Brad’s tour which don’t have traditionally Brad said that “there are good regulations strong “soft-rock” programs, this was likely in place in other jurisdictions to manage The title of the talk was “Unconventional a unique opportunity to get a glimpse into how water is used in the industry” and that Oil and Gas Development: What Does the oil and gas industry and to get specifics “the key is making sure the regulations are it Mean for Future Geoscientists.” The on the wide range of opportunities. There followed.” talk began with a broad discussion about was a lot of interest from faculty as well, what makes plays “unconventional,” why and Brad was surprised to learn at UBC in The University Outreach Committee is they are important, where they are, and particular how much faculty effort is going grateful to Brad for giving his time to how they are explored for and developed. into mathematical modeling and engineering spread the word to students about how the The discussion of the changing roles for work on hydraulic fracturing. industry they may inherit in their career geoscientists followed. With the importance will be different than what was known of water intensive completion techniques It is understated to say unconventional by the last generation. The committee is like hydraulic fracturing in today’s oilpatch, resource development and hydraulic also glad that Brad got to add his voice much of this part of the talk centered on fracturing is a hot topic in Canada. So in to the public debate; a debate that is exploration for suitable water sources and addition to speaking for students, Brad was not short on voices though the voices of water disposal zones, something Brad has able to speak to wider community groups professional geoscientists who gather facts experience with in the Horn River Basin and in both Nanaimo and Whitehorse while on the reservoirs and aquifers are often other areas. At Petrel Robertson Consulting, on tour and also made time for the Yukon hard to find. Brad noted that “in Canada we’re probably News and CBC North in Whitehorse. For spending about half of our time mapping curious and concerned members of the If you or anybody you know is interested water in the subsurface for the petroleum broader public this was a chance to hear in taking part in a University Lecture Tour, industry.” This is an important thing to relay from a professional who is actively working please contact Chad Glemser (C.Glemser@ to students who may be thinking about what on these issues here in Calgary. In the shell.com) or Garrett Quinn (gquinn@ skills they might need, their next steps and Yukon where unconventional development osumcorp.com). what the themes of their careers might be. is still in the future, the government is

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Email: [email protected] Tel: (403) 262-9229 Fax: (403) 265-0377 Website: www.progeoconsultants.com

14 RESERVOIR ISSUE 06 • JUNE 2014 HONORARY MEMBER – DR. PETER PUTNAM

Dr. Peter Putnam’s involvement in CSPG the Section Leader of the Saskatchewan Since 1980, Dr. Putnam has authored or co- began in 1978, and he’s been a valuable Exploration and Development Group, Heavy authored numerous papers on a variety of contributor ever since. He has earned a Link Oil Division. He joined Petrel Robertson topics dealing with various facets of applied Award (1984) and a Service Award (1997). He Consulting in 1985 and became president geology including stratigraphy, sedimentology, was a member of the Executive Committee 2000, and is still Chairman of the Board. formation pressures, reservoir composition, (1983, 1992-1994), serving as President in Since 2006, he has been president of Hay siliciclastics, carbonates, thermal recovery 1993. He has worked on a large number of Valley Resources, while also serving as the and, ground-penetrating radar applications. committees, including the President’s Award Chairman of Central European Petroleum’s The geographical coverage of his publications Committee Chair (1993), the National Liaison Board of Directors. Notably, Dr. Putnam’s includes Canada, the United States, Committee (1994), Canadian Geoscience work assisted the first junior company to Australia and Yemen. He has presented at Council Liaison Member (1994-1995) and enter Algeria (First Calgary), the conceptual a diverse range of locales including scientific Educational Trust Fund Committee (1995- basis and contribution to the exploration and conventions, specialized research and industry 1996). He also served as Associate and Book development of the Grosmont carbonates in symposia, government agencies, universities, Review Editor of the Bulletin (1984-1988). northern Alberta (Osum and Laricina) and meetings of educators and financial meetings. instigating exploration in Eastern Germany He is frequently an invited speaker and Dr. Putnam graduated with First Class Honors post-reunification (CEP). distinguished lecturer, and has presented at from Brock University (1977), obtained his seven CSPG monthly luncheons. Dr. Putnam Master’s Degree from the University of He has been very involved in the geoscience has also presented several posters and core Calgary (1979) and earned his Ph.D. from community: serving as an APEGA Councilor displays at CSPG and AAPG conferences the University of Calgary (1985) with a (2000-2003); at the University of Calgary thesis on Reservoir Origin and Controls as an Adjunct Professor (2000-2007) and a Over his career Dr. Putnam has been a on Hydrocarbon Distributions Interpreted member of the Selection Committee for the technical specialist, an operational professional, with a Computerized Data Base, Lower Dean of Graduate Studies (2001); Committee an advisor, an executive, a board member and Cretaceous Mannville Group, West-Central Member and co-author of COGEH chapter a company founder. His business acumen has Saskatchewan. on oil sands under the auspices of the enhanced the Canadian and international oil Alberta Securities Commission (2005-2006); and gas industries and his volunteerism has His distinguished career has spanned 6 Member of the Committee advising the been exemplary. He has had an illustrious continents and more than 35 countries, provincial and federal governments on the geological and business career and the CSPG working in in research, operations, corporate future of government geoscience in Alberta is proud to welcome Dr. Peter Putnam into management, strategic positioning and equity (1994-1995); and a Distinguished Lecturer the ranks of Honorary Members. raising. He started his career with Husky Committee Member of the American Oil Operations in 1979, quickly becoming Association of Petroleum Geologists.

CSPG/CSEG/CAPL Road Race is on September 10th, 2014 5Km and 10 Km distance

Registration is now OPEN on the CSPG website. To register please go to www.cspg.org **NEW** Early Bird Registration draw prize Register before June 30th to be entered in a draw to win a pair of running shoes from Gord’s Running Store. $150.00 Value! REGISTRATION RATE: CSPG, CSEG, CAPL Member rate: $40.00 Non-member Rate: $50.00 Student Rate: $40.00

Deadline to register is Thursday September 4th. No late registrations or changes will be accepted.

RESERVOIR ISSUE 06 • JUNE 2014 15

26TH ANNUAL CSPG/CSEG/CAPL 10KM/5KM Road Race and Fun Run – Wed., Sep. 10, 2014

On your mark! Get ready, the CSPG, CSEG, to gently get yourself in condition for your to be regular and not beat yourself up. & CAPL will be running our annual Roadrace first race. -Wear a hat and cool shades. Keep well and Fun Run this September. hydrated. It really helps. GORD’S 12-WEEK TRAINING GUIDE -Gently stretch those calves and quads Again, we are offering both a 10km and a FOR NOVICE RUNNERS afterwards. 5km race. We have secured Winning Time Guidance/Tips: For novice runners who -Take along a friend and convince them to provide chip timing and Events-on-Line wish a do-it-yourself program at your to sign up for CSPG, CSEG, and the will provide easy on-line registration. leisure. RoadRace as well. -Run for short durations between 3 The run will take place on Wednesday, and 5 times per week according to Many thanks go out to our sponsors and September 10, 2014. Start time 6:00pm just schedule, with your long run days volunteers who make this event possible north of the Eau Claire YMCA. The route being the key to your training program. each year! will take you on an out-and-back course -If your running shoes are giving you along the beautiful Bow River pathway, some problems, get some that fit and We hope to see you there! finishing at the Eau Claire YMCA. Following match your gait. Armin Schafer, Race Director. the race, all racers, volunteers, and guests -Guide allows for a gradual increase are invited to gather at the Calgary Curling to a comfortable load; your legs may Club, just north of Princess Island for need some conditioning at first. awards, draw prizes, refreshments, and -Yes, times are in minutes. The secret is some friendly camaraderie. So if you are looking for a competitive race or just want MINUTES OF RUNNING PER DAY: to have fun, come join us! Week Mon Tues Wed Thurs Fri Sat Sun The race is open to all members of the June 24-June 30 – 10-15 min – 10-15 min – – 15 min CSPG, CSEG, and CAPL, and the general public, however, space is limited to July 1-7 – 10-15 min – 10-15 min – – 20 min 200 participants. So register early to avoid disappointment! There will be July 8-14 – 10-20 min 0-10 min 10-20 min – – 25 min NO race day registration. For more July 15-21 – 10-20 min 0-10 min 10-20 min – – 30 min information or to register, visit the CSPG Events website www.cspg.org\events. For July 22-28 – 10-20 min 0-10 min 10-20 min 0-10 min – 25 min sponsorship opportunities please contact: Dan Cicero 403-531-7711, dcicero@ July 29-Aug 4 – 10-20 min 0-10 min 10-20 min 0-10 min – 35 min huntoil.com; Shirley Fleming 403-806- Aug 5-11 – 15-25 min 0-10 min 15-20 min 0-10 min – 25 min 3212, [email protected] or Jocelyn Frankow 403-260-6582, jocelyn_ Aug 12-18 – 15-25 min 0-10 min 15-20 min 0-10 min – 40 min [email protected]. Aug 19-25 – 15-25 min 0-10 min 15-25 min 0-10 min – 25 min To help you, Gord Hobbins of Gord’s Aug 26-Sept 1 – 15-25 min 0-10 min 15-25 min 0-10 min – 45 min Running Store has developed a 10km race training guide for novice runners. Try it Sept 2-8 – 20-30 min 0-10 min 15-25 min 0-10 min – 25 min out and benefit from some expert advice, Sept 9-11 – Rest 10 KM RUN you may be surprised how easy it can be

RESERVOIR ISSUE 06 • JUNE 2014 17 25TH ANNUAL MIXED GOLF TOURNAMENT | By David Middleton & Brenda Pearson, Co-Chairs CSPG Mixed Golf Tournament

Mark your calendars, and get ready for keep the event going for so many years. Darin Brazel, Penny Christensen, Norm the celebration of the 25th Annual CSPG Join us and have some fun in this four Hopkins, Jeff Boissoneault and my co- Mixed Golf tournament on August 22nd golfer best ball tournament. Your cost chair Brenda Pearson. You can address at Lynx Ridge Golf course. This year includes a round of golf, meals, plenty of registration inquiries to David Middleton we celebrate 25 years of the social get hospitality and good times, and a chance at 403-296-8844 (dmiddleton@suncor. together known as the CSPG Mixed Golf to network with your colleagues and com), or to [email protected]. Tournament. We are hoping that many of industry sponsors. The tournament has our previous participants will be coming mostly benefited from the pleasant August If you are interested in sponsoring the out to celebrate this event and share with weather, and typically the golf course is tournament this year, please contact us their memories of the early days of golf at its finest, with the inviting fairways, Darin Brazel at [email protected] with the CSPG. While our tournament smooth greens, spectacular mountains is not as ancient as some, after seeing and the ever-beckoning water hazards and some participants’ clubs in their golf bags sand traps to capture errant golf shots. I would not be surprised if there was not the odd Brassie (2 wood), Mashie (5 iron), This is a fun tournament, with balanced Niblick (9 iron), hickory shafted irons teams that allow all golfers to contribute or a gutta-percha ball hiding somewhere to the team score, while having a great among our members golf gear. time enjoying the day and the fellowship of the team. We plan on several events during the tournament to celebrate the early We thank our previous sponsors from days of Mixed Golf including a special 2013 and look forward to the return of commemorative give-away. We also want members, guests and sponsors to enjoy to celebrate the CSPG members who had the event this year. A big thank you the vision, persistence and foresight to to our continuing committee members:

18 RESERVOIR ISSUE 06 • JUNE 2014 Portable and wellsite shale solutions - now in Calgary

Chemostrat Canada Ltd in association with Belloy Petroleum Consulting Ltd can provide fast turnaround elemental, mineralogical, magnetics and TOC data in the lab, in the corestore or at wellsite for geosteering, correlation, reservoir quality and completion optimisation.

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Chemostrat Canada Ltd. Belloy Petroleum Consulting Ltd. Sun Life Plaza West Tower, 102, 902 - 9th Avenue SE 144-4 Avenue SW, Suite 1600, Calgary, Alberta, Calgary, Alberta, T2P 3N4 T2G 0S4 t 403-463-8188 t 403-237-8700 e [email protected] e [email protected] www.chemostrat.com | www.belloy.ca www.chemostrat.com RESERVOIR ISSUE 06 • JUNE 2014 19 GO TAKE A HIKE Devonian Keg River Formation at Whitemud Falls, Clearwater River, northeast Alberta | By Chris L. Schneider and Matthias Grobe,

Trailhead: Before your trip, gain permission from Alberta Parks and Whitemud Falls Wildland Provincial Park to land a helicopter in Whitemud Falls Recreation Area. Land to the flat, open camping area. Walk south or east to the trail, and follow the trail as it winds northeast and then south around the margin of the cliff along the river to the falls. At the lower falls, the cliff becomes a fairly easy scramble to the base of the lower falls, including a short traverse through an arch of the Keg River dolostone. Note: when visiting in late summer to early autumn, “normal” river levels on the Clearwater River are sufficiently low to observe the features described herein. Higher water levels may preclude the observation of the Keg River- La Loche contact.

Distance: Approximately 1 km.

Elevation Loss: Approximately 15 m from the top of the cliff to the river’s edge at the base of the falls.

The Keg River Formation outcrop at Whitemud Falls on the Clearwater River is a good example of “typical” Keg River reef and inter-reef facies, as well as vuggy porosity after allochem dissolution, paleokarst, and Devonian-age marine flooding of an exposed Precambrian topographic high.

At the lower falls, the Keg River Formation sits directly on top of the granite wash of the La Loche Formation, and lacks the intervening argillaceous dolostone Figure 1. Map of the field area. The red “x” marks the approximate area of the clearing for helicopter landing. Dashed red line follows the path around the edge of the cliff. and siltstone of the Contact Rapids Formation. At this locality, the Contact Rapids Formation was never deposited; rather, the coarse sand of the La Loche Formation presumably sits directly on a topographic high in the Precambrian basement (unexposed). Because granite wash sediments appear in the surrounding carbonate, Keg River sedimentation commenced and the carbonate platform existed for some length of time before the topographic high was flooded.

The locality also includes several episodes of paleokarst. The oldest is associated with the topographic high and the La Loche granite wash. Adjacent paleo-crevices contain well-cemented granite wash sand and granules as well as green clay. The cliff above records another episode of paleokarst in a laterally and vertically extensive, well-cemented breccia. Modern karstification is apparent in the arch and the flowstone found on its inner surfaces.

Figure 2. View of the area of accessible outcrop from the upper falls, north bank. The arrow indicates the recess where the described outcrop is located.

Figure 4. View of the upper falls near the north bank and the island. Note the orange, red, and black Figure 3. Flowstone in the arch. staining of the cliff, typical of similar Keg River outcrops along the Clearwater River.

20 RESERVOIR ISSUE 06 • JUNE 2014 From base to top, the stratigraphy of the outcrop is: La Loche Formation: 1. Dark grey, coarse to very coarse grained, rounded, moderately sorted lithic sandstone with occasional granules and pebbles. The thickness of the La Loche Formation is unknown.

Keg River Formation: 2. At the base of the outcrop, above the La Loche Formation: 75 cm, medium grey, fine to medium crystalline, cherty, dolomitized lime mudstone containing solution vugs up to 2 cm in diameter. The chert is finely crystalline and dispersed in the dolostone; its presence becomes apparent in the sparks and odour while hammering the outcrop. A similar lithology also occurs in the Keg River Formation below the exposed La Loche Formation. 3. 565 cm of the “reef facies:” massive, vuggy, tabular-bedded in part, fine to medium crystalline, stromatoporoid-rich, dolomitized rudstone. Stromatoporoids are bulbous to massive. In-situ corals and stromatoporoids occur along an exposed bedding plane about 265 cm above the base of the unit. 4. Retracing your steps upslope towards the arch is 200 cm of grey breccia and flowstone. Clasts are dolomitized lime mudstone. 5. Upslope of the arch is 600 cm of “off-reef facies:” massive, medium-crystalline, crinoid-rich, dolomitized floatstone. Crinoid columnals are bright white against the beige-weathered surface of the rock.

Figure 5 (above): Unit 3 of the Keg River Formation. This portion of unit 3 appears bedded and is poorly vuggy. Figure 6 (right): stratigraphic section of the La Loche and Keg River outcrop at the lower falls of Whitemud Falls on the Clearwater River.

Figure 7. At the outcrop, on the bank of the river, looking upstream at units Figure 8. View of the upper portion of 2 and 3 of the Keg River Formation and the lower falls. The dashed line the outcrop, mostly the inter-reef facies denotes the approximate boundary between the units and the switch from of unit 5. lime mudstone to the reef facies. To the left of the photograph (yellow arrow) and from where the photograph was taken, the La Loche Formation outcrops.

The Reservoir Committee welcomes contributions from our readership to this series. If you wish to offer a submission to Go Take a Hike on your favourite hike of geological interest, email the Reservoir at [email protected] for more information.

RESERVOIR ISSUE 06 • JUNE 2014 21 From the stratigraphy and observations about paleokarst, we interpreted the exhumation of the Keg River Formation, dissolution results in the collapse geological history of the locality (see Schneider et al., 2013): and accumulation of a breccia. This karst may or may not be related to the 1. Initiation of the Keg River Formation carbonate platform; some topographic dissolution of the Prairie Evaporite Formation in the subsurface. Tilting of highs of the Precambrian Formation, covered with granite wash sediments of the Devonian strata and subsequent erosion results in the Keg River Formation La Loche Formation, remained exposed (Figures 9-1 and 9-2). being uplifted close to the surface. 2. Hiatus in carbonate sedimentation, subaerial exposure, and karstification when 6. After Pleistocene glaciation, the Clearwater River downcut through the Keg base level was nearly even with the topographic high and La Loche sediments. River Formation. Resistance in the rock at this locality, perhaps from the Granite wash, carbonate clasts, and crinoid columnals are washed into karsted existence of reefs, resulted in Whitemud Falls. crevices, and green clay formed during subaerial exposure is washed in or formed in-situ (Figure 9-3). The take-away: The outcrop described herein at lower Whitemud Falls is a good example both of the reef and off-reef facies of the Keg River Formation 3. Sea level rises; initial intertidal stromatolites form on top of the granite wash and the influence of the Precambrian basement on deposition during this time. (Figure 9-4). Continued relative sea-level rise results in the flooding of the Furthermore, paleo- and modern karst at the outcrop indicate the important topographic high and the formation and aggradation of a stromatoporoid-coral influence of karst processes during the history of the Keg River Formation. reef (Figure 9-5). 4. With further sea-level rise, the reef drowns and crinoid-rich, presumably deeper Reference: Schneider, C.L. M. Grobe, and F.J. Hein, 2013, Outcrops of the La Loche, water, off-reef carbonate is deposited (Figure 9-6). Contact Rapids, and Keg River Formations (Devonian) on the Clearwater River: Alberta (NTS 74D/9) and Saskatchewan (NTS 74C/12). ERCB/AGS Open File Report 2012-20, 43 p. 5. Following burial, diagenesis, dolomitization (Figures 9-7 and 9-8) and possibly

Figure 9. Cartoon of the depositional and diagenetic history of the outcrop. Modified from Schneider et al., 2013.

Figure 10. La Loche Formation sandstone within the Keg River Formation carbonate. The La Loche sand Figure 11. La Loche Formation sandstone and overlying domal stromatolites. Dashed lines outline several may have filled a karsted crevice, now lost to erosion, or was washed into the surrounding carbonate stromatolites. The La Loche Formation is red-brown in colour, whereas the Keg River Formation is grey sediment. (stromatolites) to beige (most of the outcrop).

22 RESERVOIR ISSUE 06 • JUNE 2014 PHOTO OF THE MONTH

Pu’u Mahana Cinder Cone – Big Island, HI. Collapsed cinder cone forming the olivine rich green sand beach Papakolea on the southwest point of Big Island, Hawaii. Photo By: Kelsey Green.

RESERVOIR ISSUE 06 • JUNE 2014 23 June 4-6th, 2014 | Nexen Theatre Hot Reservoirs: The ultimate goal is to discover synergies between experienced industry in geothermal en- ergy production and hydrocarbon industry with expertise in Alberta foreland geology, to spur economic opportunities for renewable energy development in Alberta. Stressed Reservoirs: The goal of the forum is to have dynamic discussion about how knowledge of the stress state in subsurface reservoirs can help foster responsible development and optimize production.

Member Non Member Speaker Student Geo Energy Forum (3 Days) $295.00 $320.00 $270.00 $195.00 Geothermal Forum (2 Days) $225.00 $250.00 $200.00 $150.00 Stress Forum (1 Day) $150.00 $175.00 $125.00 $110.00 Register today at www.cspg.org/conferences

Hot Reservoirs Speakers Announced!

Stephan Uhlig GeotecConsult, Germany Ministry of Energy and Mines, Geothermal success stories Warren Walsh in foreland basins British Columbia Gerhard Pernecker Municipality Altheim, Austria

Stephan Hild Exorka GmbH, Germany Jonathan Banks University of Alberta Innovative geothermal University of Alberta & Technical technologies and perspectives Inga Moeck University Munich

Craig Dunn Borealis Geopower Canada

Steve Grasby Canadian Geological Survey

Geothermal potential and Grant Fergusson University of Saskatchewan synergies with hydrocarbons Kirk Osadetz Canadian Geological Survey

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(( (( 2013 MEDAL OF MERIT | By Ian Kirkland, on behalf of the CSPG Medal of Merit Committee

As specified in CSPG bylaws the Canadian illustrated, and effectively integrates data Society of Petroleum Geologists Medal of from multiple sources. Merit is awarded annually for the “best paper related to Canadian petroleum geology” BIOGRAPHIES AND PHOTOS published during the previous publication year, in this case for peer reviewed papers published in 2012. The medal is important recognition of excellence in Canadian petroleum geoscience research and writing and has been awarded since 1952. The paper chosen this year was written by Brett Miles, Ross Kukulski, M. Keegan Raines, John-Paul Zonneveld, Andrew Leier, and Stephen Hubbard and is entitled “A stratigraphic framework for Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous gas-bearing strata (Monteith Formation) in the subsurface of at the University of Victoria, and Encana. northwest Alberta.” The paper was published Since 2011 he has been working with in the March 2012 Bulletin of Canadian Imperial Oil on projects in the oil sands and Petroleum Geology, v. 60, p. 3-36. Beaufort Sea. Brett Miles received his B.Sc. from This paper describes how the correlation McMaster University and M.Sc. in Geology from the Monteith Formation type from the University of Calgary. His research section in the British Columbia foothills was focused on the stratigraphy and into the subsurface was revised, allowing sedimentology of the early foreland deposits correlation of the Monteith into the study of the WCSB. He is currently exploring for area in the Alberta Deep Basin. The and characterizing various unconventional internal stratigraphic architecture of this reservoirs with ConocoPhillips Canada. poorly constrained Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous interval was developed, with the Monteith subdivided into 3 mappable units. The major facies and facies associations were described for each of the Monteith units using the available cores and the implications for tight gas reservoir potential were assessed. Upward transitions within the Monteith depositonal settings record Andrew Leier earned his Ph.D. from the a continuous progradation of a long-lived University of Arizona in 2005 and became depositional system. an Assistant Professor in the Department of Geoscience at the University of Calgary in Isopach maps of the three Monteith 2007. His research focuses on sedimentation units suggest that the foreland basin had and tectonics and he has had projects initiated prior to Monteith Formation in western North America, the Canadian deposition and that deposition within the Arctic, South America and Asia. He moved study area occurred on the cratonward to the University of South Carolina in 2013 side of the basin. Distribution of reservoir Ross Kukulski graduated with his B.Sc. in where he is an Associate Professor of sandstones was strongly influenced by the 2009 and his Masters in 2012, both from Sedimentology in the Department of Earth basin physiography and tectonic uplifts and the University of Calgary. He is currently and Ocean Sciences. erosion within the Cordillera. working on the new ventures team at Chevron Canada. His interests include Steve Hubbard is an Associate Professor This work is an important contribution as sedimentology and stratigraphy of clastics, at the University of Calgary. He received it provides new data and interpretation of and more recently carbonates. his B.Sc. (1997) and M.Sc. (1999) degrees a poorly understood stratigraphic interval in Geology from the University of Alberta, and will provide a framework for future Keegan Raines graduated with a B.Sc. and subsequently worked for two years at tight gas development in the Monteith and in Earth Sciences from the University Shell Canada as a development geologist. He Nikanassin formations. This paper illustrates of Victoria in 2008. Before pursuing his left the energy industry to pursue a Ph.D. the benefits which can come from detailed Masters of Geology at the University of in Geological and Environmental Sciences stratigraphic work in complex settings. In Calgary he gained experience with the BC at Stanford University. Upon completion addition, the paper is very well written and government, the GSC, several research labs of his doctorate in 2006 he was hired by

26 RESERVOIR ISSUE 06 • JUNE 2014 Michigan, a M.Sc. in paleontology from research is currently focused on a number of Michigan State University and a Ph.D. in areas including the Lower Triassic Montney Geology from the University of Alberta. Formation, the Middle Triassic Doig and After completing his Ph.D. John-Paul was a Halfway formations and the Upper Triassic post-doctoral researcher at the University Charlie Lake Formation. John-Paul is also of Calgary before joining the Geological working on a number of neoichnological and Survey of Canada in Calgary as a research sedimentological projects on the east and scientist. John-Paul left the GSC in 2007 for west coasts of North America to develop his present position where he teaches clastic a better understanding of the physical and sedimentology, petroleum basin analysis and biogenic controls on deposition in fine- field school. John-Paul has served as associate grained depositional systems. He lives in St. editor of both the Bulletin of Canadian Albert with his wife Shima and his daughters Petroleum Geology and Palaios and is Zoe and Esme. presently the senior co-editor of Palaios. He has authored numerous papers on the geology the University of Calgary, and has taught and paleontology of a variety of Mesozoic and courses in sedimentology, stratigraphy, Cenozoic successions in western Canada. His petroleum geology, basin analysis and field geology. Steve’s research interests are in siliciclastic sedimentology and stratigraphy, WELLSITE GEOSCIENCE SERVICES from the bed- to basin- scale. While at the University of Calgary, he has led projects on Jurassic–Cretaceous Alberta foreland basin sedimentation, and outcropping deep- water strata of the Magallanes foreland basin, southern Chile. He has also studied fluvial systems, with a particular emphasis to better understand resource distribution in the Athabasca Oil Sands. He has published more than 40 peer-reviewed scientific articles and maintains an active research program supported by government and industry. He has supervised 16 graduate students at Calgary, as well as numerous undergraduate research projects. He served as Communications Director for the Canadian Society of Petroleum Geologists from 2010 to 2011 and has been an Associate Editor of the Journal of Sedimentary Research since 2009. He has recently been elected secretary-treasurer for the SEPM.

When time is money, Wellsite Geoscience is money well spent. Whether you’re exploring a basin, producing a well or completing

a shale play, time is money. That’s why Weatherford Laboratories brings a suite of formation evaluation technologies right to the wellsite. Utilizing mud gas and cuttings, these technologies provide detailed data on gas composition, organic richness, mineralogy and chemostratigraphy in near real time. As a result, operators now have an invaluable tool to assist with sweet spot identification,

wellbore positioning, completion design and hydraulic fracturing. We call it Science At the Wellsite. You’ll call it money well spent. John-Paul Zonneveld is currently a SCIENCE AT THE WELLSITE™ Professor in the Department of Earth and www.weatherfordlabs.com Atmospheric Sciences at the University of Alberta, Edmonton. John-Paul is originally Formation Evaluation ┃Well Construction ┃Completion ┃Production from Grimsby, Ontario and earned a B.Sc. ©2013 Weatherford. All rights reserved from Calvin College in Grand Rapids,

RESERVOIR ISSUE 06 • JUNE 2014 27 GRADUATE STUDENT THESIS AWARD Best M.Sc.

provided by a NSERC, Alexander Graham Eramosa, and Guelph formations. Despite Bell Canada Graduate Scholarship (CGS-M) having been studied for more than 150 years, and an Ontario Graduate Scholarship in efforts toward improving our understanding Science and Technology (OGSST) awarded of the relative ages, lithofacies composition, to the author. The Ontario Geological and lateral facies transitions of the varied Survey provided summer employment and stratal units comprising the Lockport Group funding for core library/sample preparation have proven challenging to stratigraphers costs. Candace is now employed as a / sedimentologists, oil/gas explorationists, geologist at Husky Energy. and biostratigraphers. A few of the major factors that have hindered progress in this Candace’s thesis integrated outcrop data regard, include: from the Niagara Escarpment in the vicinities of Guelph, Elora, Fergus, and the Bruce 1) the paucity of exposures featuring the Peninsula with drill core and well log data entire Lockport succession; from the Niagara Escarpment and westward in the onshore/offshore subsurface of 2) correlation difficulties related to lateral The winner of the 2013 M.Sc. thesis award southwestern Ontario and select cores changes in lithology within the stacked is Candace Brintnell. Her thesis entitled from southeastern and northwestern dolostones of the Lockport Group Architecture and Stratigraphy of the Lower Michigan, USA. due to short-lived tectophases and Silurian Guelph Formation, Lockport associated sea-level fluctuations, and Group, Southern Ontario and Michigan The Lockport Group, as recognized subtle disconformities within similar was supervised by Frank Brunton (Ontario in southern Ontario and Michigan, is a grainstone packages; Geological Survey), Drs. Jisuo Jin and succession of open- to restricted-marine Cameron J. Tsujita at Western University, carbonates of Wenlock age, comprising 3) diagenetic alteration and syn- & London, Ontario. Financial support was in ascending order: Gasport, Goat Island, post-depositional karst processes and

28 RESERVOIR ISSUE 06 • JUNE 2014 collectively contribute to a predictable architectural theme on a regional scale.

2) The more open-marine Guelph facies with minimal subaerial exposure and paleokarst occur in the eastern portion of the outcrop belt (E Michigan and NW Appalachian Foreland Basins). The most restricted marine strata, with multiple subaerial exposure episodes and paleokarstified intervals that extend downward into the underlying Goat Island Formation, occur in the central to western portions of what has been inferred to be the Michigan Basin.

3) Much of what has been called Guelph Formation in the central and northwestern parts of the Michigan Basin actually comprise stacked carbonates of older Lockport Group strata (Goat Island Fm). Also, where the Guelph Formation is present it is extensively karstified (breccias and subtle dissolution fabrics at older and Figure 1: Depositional interpretation of the Eramosa and Guelph carbonate ramp of study area showing well localities of Lockport Group cores. The Eramosa and Guelph carbonates were deposited within an easterly dipping therefore deeper sequence boundaries). carbonate ramp during Early Wenlock. Oil & gas wells are indicated by red dots; stratigraphic test wells by purple dots; key outcrops or quarries by black triangles. 4) Detailed outcrop and core studies reveal that the widely adopted ‘pinnacle subsequent basinal fluid overprinting; and Formation and its relationships to both the reef model’ inferred from previous underlying Lockport Group and overlying investigations of the Guelph Formation 4) nomenclatural confusion between Salina Group strata. The main conclusions are incorrect. More specifically, the subsurface and outcrop geologic of her project are as follows: recognition that the stacked dolostones studies. that have been called Guelph Formation 1) Confirmation that the Guelph largely comprise older Goat Island and The purpose of the project was to Formation can be divided into two Gasport lithofacies in the central and provide the first comprehensive regional members (Lower and Upper members), northwestern parts of the Michigan stratigraphic perspective of the Guelph each containing distinctive facies that (Continued on page 30...)

Figure 2: Depositional model showing regional Lockport Group stratal relationships and post-Guelph erosional remnant features. Representing subaerial exposure, the onset of Salina Group deposition accompanied the drying out of the western part of the carbonate ramp, although shallow waters may have persisted in the east where penetrative karst is absent to minor in the uppermost Guelph Formation. Guelph strata was karstified and dissolved in a warm-wet climate and associated groundwater flow. Extensive karstification over an extended time (~1-2Ma) created a paleokarst basin with erosional cuestas of weathered Lockport Group strata. The resultant karst towers attained heights up to 150 m.

RESERVOIR ISSUE 06 • JUNE 2014 29 (...Continued from page 29) late and post-Guelph time that is Basin; and that the lithofacies are both reflected in extensive brecciation of variably karstified and non-reefal and the overlying basal Salina Group strata are not associated with slope deposit (A0, A1 and A2 facies). The proximal lithofacies, argues against such a model. juxtaposition of younger Salina Group Rather, the pinnacle-like topography, strata enveloping Lockport Group reflected by extreme thickness strata (Guelph through Gasport facies) variations of the Lockport Group strata in the subsurface of Michigan Basin is (on order of 100 m and extending for due to the regional development of 0.5 to a number of kms in area) and karst towers within the more easily the penetratively karstified basal Salina erodible, restricted marine facies of CORPORATE SUPPORTERS Group and Guelph Formation strata the Guelph and Eramosa carbonates. RIGSAT Communications appear to represent erosional remnants The grainstone/wackestone well Apache Canada Ltd. Advanced Flow Technologies rather than biogenically-contructed indurated carbonates of the Goat Crescent Point Energy edifices. Island and Gasport formations form the Enviro-Tech Surveys Ltd EV Cam Canada Inc. foundational cores of these erosional Gran Tierra Energy Inc. 5) These findings lead us to re-interpret remnant structures. Therefore the Serpa Petroleum Consulting Ltd. Exova Canada Inc the depositional history of the Lockport paleotopographic relief of the so-called Sigma Explorations Group succession in the Michigan Basin Guelph, or more accurately the upper Pason System in the following scenario: there was no Lockport Group, rimmed shelf Michigan Pulse Seismic Inc Shea Nerland Calnan LLP central basin during Wenlock time and Basin ‘bullseye’ reflects the remnants of SAExploration the regional variations in depositional a regionally extensive paleokarst basin. Core Laboratories Cabra Consulting Ltd. and post-depositional fabrics of the As such, the paleotopographic low of Compass Directional Services Lockport Group, in particular for the upper Lockport Group in central Cougar Consultants, Inc. Canacol Energy Ltd. the Eramosa and Guelph formations, Michigan is an erosional depression Fekete suggest deposition within an easterly and not a deeper water depositional Paramount Resources Sproule International Limited dipping carbonate ramp during the basin feature with seaway outlets and Statoil Canada Ltd. Wenlock. mythical rimmed pinnacle reefs. EDGE Technologies Spectrum BDO Canada LLP 6) The Guelph Formation was subjected Birchcliff Energy Ltd. Cabra Enterprises Ltd. to regional erosion/karstification in Datalog Technology Inc. GeoSpace Technologies Knowledge Reservoir Sproule Associates Limited Geotir (...Continued from page 7) Glacier Exploration Surveys EXECUTIVE COMMENT Matrix Solutions Inc. McDaniel & Associates Consultants Ltd. The CSPG Corporate Relations Committee public recognition for their contributions, National Oilwell Varco GeoChemTech Inc. is keenly interested in fostering relationships the Corporate Sponsorship Program Cossack Land Services Ltd. with current and potential Corporate is designed to recognise the important EPI Group FMQ Southern Exploration Partners. You may wonder, “What is a financial sponsorship of the CSPG and its Matrix Geoservices Ltd. Corporate Partner? The CSPG does not activities that many companies choose to Maxam Seismic Explosives Petrel Robertson Consulting Ltd. have corporate members.” A Corporate make. Statcom Ltd. Partner is a corporation or organisation Trident Exploration Corp. Sourcex that participates in the geoscience If you are a leader with Geoscientists Caracal Energy Inc. community and partners with the CSPG in your company, the CSPG Corporate Regent Resources Bankers Petroleum Ltd. to mutual benefit. Some of the many Relations Committee would like to hear BJV Exploration Partnership things that Corporate Partners do include: from you! We can describe the benefits Nickpoint Environmental Services SOCO International encouraging employees to volunteer and of participating as a Corporate Partner 3e Royalties provide geoscience mentorship; releasing and benefits of membership for your Bengal Energy information for publication; encouraging Geoscientists. We look forward to Bounty Developments Ltd. Brasoil Corp. their geoscientists to take CSPG courses hearing your thoughts. What do you like Bukit Energy and activities for professional development; that the CSPG is currently doing? What Central European Petroleum Ltd DualEx Energy International and sponsoring CSPG events that they see additional services or activities would Franconia Geoscience as important. Through their participation, you would like to see from the CSPG? Korean National Oil Company Long Reach Resources Ltd. CSPG members and their organisations How could the CSPG’s activities support Lorne LeClerc & Associates see benefit through expanding awareness the goals of your organization? And in Madison Petrogas Ltd. Martin Wittstrom of new developments, strengthening their what form could you see your company Petroamerica network within the geoscience community, supporting the CSPG? You can contact us Serinus Energy Sherritt International Corporation augmenting their sense of pride in the at [email protected]. Skyhawk Exploration geoscience community and gaining exposure Tretio Exploration Ltd. to and collaborating with other members. AS OF MAY 10, 2014 CSPG welcomes our 2013 Corporate Supporters! The benefits of being a corporate Additionally, while not all companies wish member include: • Recognition in the monthly Reservoir and quarterly Bulletin • One associate membership • Reserved tables at the technical luncheons with your company logo • One free pass to the CSPG Core Conference…and more! Contact Kasandra Klein at [email protected] to be a corporate member today!

30 RESERVOIR ISSUE 06 • JUNE 2014 Professionals in Geoscience www.apega.ca

Celebrating Excellence in Professional Geoscience

The Summit Awards® honour and recognize the contributions Members make to the geoscience and engineering professions and to society. Our award recipients are saluted for their contributions to a better future for Alberta through the innovative use of science and technology and for their commitment to their communities. This year’s recipients were presented their awards by then- President Colin Yeo, P.Geo., FGC, FEC (Hon.), at the Summit Awards gala on April 24, 2014. Congratulations!

Satinder Chopra, P.Geoph., FGC David Pattison, P.Geol., PhD The Frank Spragins Technical Award The Excellence in Education Award In recognition of integrity and expertise and In recognition of exemplary contributions to for outstanding accomplishments in fields teaching and learning related to the professions

Satinder Chopra, P.Geoph., is recognized David Pattison, P.Geol., is the Associate in the global geophysical community as a Head of the Department of Geoscience at leader for using his knowledge to calculate, the University of Calgary and has taken a evaluate and model underground pockets of lead role in redesigning and modernizing the tapped and untapped resources. geoscience curriculum.

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