AACL Bioflux, Volume 8(1) February 28, 2015
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Mass Flow in Hyphae of the Oomycete Achlya Bisexualis
Mass flow in hyphae of the oomycete Achlya bisexualis A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Cellular and Molecular Biology in the University of Canterbury by Mona Bidanjiri University of Canterbury 2018 Abstract Oomycetes and fungi grow in a polarized manner through the process of tip growth. This is a complex process, involving extension at the apex of the cell and the movement of the cytoplasm forward, as the tip extends. The mechanisms that underlie this growth are not clearly understood, but it is thought that the process is driven by the tip yielding to turgor pressure. Mass flow, the process where bulk flow of material occurs down a pressure gradient, may play a role in tip growth moving the cytoplasm forward. This has previously been demonstrated in mycelia of the oomycete Achlya bisexualis and in single hypha of the fungus Neurospora crassa. Microinjected silicone oil droplets were observed to move in the predicted direction after the establishment of an imposed pressure gradient. In order to test for mass flow in a single hypha of A. bisexualis the work in this thesis describes the microinjection of silicone oil droplets into hyphae. Pressure gradients were imposed by the addition of hyperosmotic and hypoosmotic solutions to the hyphae. In majority of experiments, after both hypo- and hyperosmotic treatments, the oil droplets moved down the imposed gradient in the predicted direction. This supports the existence of mass flow in single hypha of A. bisexualis. The Hagen-Poiseuille equation was used to calculate the theoretical rate of mass flow occurring within the hypha and this was compared to observed rates. -
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UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA ISOLATION, CHARACTERIZATION AND PATHOGENICITY OF EPIZOOTIC ULCERATIVE SYNDROME-RELATED Aphanomyces TOWARD AN IMPROVED DIAGNOSTIC TECHNIQUE SEYEDEH FATEMEH AFZALI FPV 2014 7 ISOLATION, CHARACTERIZATION AND PATHOGENICITY OF EPIZOOTIC ULCERATIVE SYNDROME-RELATED Aphanomyces TOWARD AN IMPROVED DIAGNOSTIC TECHNIQUE UPM By SEYEDEH FATEMEH AFZALI COPYRIGHT © Thesis Submitted to the School of Graduate Study, Universiti Putra Malaysia, in Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy August 2014 i All material contained within the thesis, including without limitation text, logos, icons, photographs and all other artwork, is copyright material of Universiti Putra Malaysia unless otherwise stated. Use may be made of any material contained within the thesis for non-commercial purposes from the copyright holder. Commercial use of material may only be made with the express, prior, written permission of Universiti Putra Malaysia. Copyright © Universiti Putra Malaysia UPM COPYRIGHT © ii DEDICATION This dissertation is lovingly dedicated to my kind family. A special feeling of gratitude to my great parents who inspired my life through their gritty strength, enduring faith, and boundless love for family. My nice sisters and brother have never left my side and have supported me throughout the process. I also dedicate this work and give special thanks to my best friend “Hasti” for being there for me throughout the entire doctorate program. UPM COPYRIGHT © iii Abstract of thesis presented to the Senate of Universiti Putra Malaysia in fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy ISOLATION, CHARACTERIZATION AND PATHOGENICITY OF EPIZOOTIC ULCERATIVE SYNDROME-RELATED Aphanomyces TOWARD AN IMPROVED DIAGNOSTIC TECHNIQUE By SEYEDEH FATEMEH AFZALI August 2014 Chair: Associate Professor Hassan Hj Mohd Daud, PhD Faculty: Veterinary Medicine Epizootic ulcerative syndrome (EUS) is a seasonal and severely damaging disease in wild and farmed freshwater and estuarine fishes. -
Microbial Ecology
Microbial Ecology Diversity of Peronosporomycete (Oomycete) Communities Associated with the Rhizosphere of Different Plant Species Jessica M. Arcate, Mary Ann Karp and Eric B. Nelson Department of Plant Pathology, Cornell University, 334 Plant Science Building, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA Received: 15 September 2004 / Accepted: 12 January 2005 / Online Publication: 3 January 2006 Abstract Introduction Peronosporomycete (oomycete) communities inhabiting The Peronosporomycetes are a large, ecologically, and the rhizospheres of three plant species were characterized phylogenetically distinct group of eukaryotes found most and compared to determine whether communities commonly in terrestrial and aquatic habitats. They obtained by direct soil DNA extractions (soil communi- include well-known genera of plant pathogens such as ties) differ from those obtained using baiting techniques Aphanomyces, Peronospora, Phytophthora, and Pythium, (bait communities). Using two sets of Peronosporomy- most of which are soil-borne and infect subterranean cete-specific primers, a portion of the 50 region of the plant parts such as seeds, roots, and hypocotyls. This large subunit (28S) rRNA gene was amplified from DNA group also includes other important genera such as extracted either directly from rhizosphere soil or from Saprolegnia, Achlya, and Lagenidium, which are patho- hempseed baits floated for 48 h over rhizosphere soil. genic to fish, insects, crustaceans, and mammals [17]. Amplicons were cloned, sequenced, and then subjected Although these organisms have received much attention to phylogenetic and diversity analyses. Both soil and bait in terms of the diseases they cause, few other details of communities arising from DNA amplified with a Per- their ecology are known. onosporomycetidae-biased primer set (Oom1) were For many years, Peronosporomycetes were believed dominated by Pythium species. -
Biological Aspects of Lelan Fish, Diplocheilichthys Pleurotaenia
Biological aspects of lelan fish, Diplocheilichthys pleurotaenia (Cyprinidae) from the upstream and downstream of the Kampar River, Riau Province, Indonesia 1,2Muhammad Fauzi, 1Dahelmi Dahelmi, 1Indra J. Zakaria, 2Usman M. Tang 1 Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Andalas University, Padang, Indonesia; 2 Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Riau University, Pekanbaru, Indonesia. Corresponding author: M. Fauzi, [email protected] Abstract. Diplocheilichthys pleurotaenia is one of native fish present in the Kampar River. This fish used to migrate to downstream area due to reproductive activities. The construction of the Koto Panjang Dam may hamper this activity and also divided the population into 2 groups, the upstream and downstream population. To understand the biological aspects of the fish in both populations and its relationship to the presence of the dam, this study has been conducted from November 2011 to August 2012. The fish was sampled in the Kampar River, in the upstream and downstream of the Koto Panjang Dam. The fish was captured using gill nets monthly for a ten months period. The number of fish captured in the upstream was 7, while that of of the downstream was 228. The sex ratio of the fish is almost balance. The fish from both population shown similar reproductive pattern, there are mature males and females in April and there is no fish caught in May due to reproductive purposes migration. The reproductive activity of the upstream fish is unsucceed as there is no single small fish found. The rarity and the lack of small fish in the upstream population is strongly related to the failure of reproduction due to the construction of the Koto Panjang Dam. -
Morphometric Analysis and Genetic Relationship of Rasbora Spp. in Sarawak, Malaysia Authors: Aimi Wahidah Aminan, Leonard Lim Wh
Morphometric Analysis and Genetic Relationship of Rasbora spp. in Sarawak, Malaysia Authors: Aimi Wahidah Aminan, Leonard Lim Whye Kit, Chung Hung Hui and Badiozaman Sulaiman *Correspondence: [email protected] DOI: https://doi.org/10.21315/tlsr2020.31.2.3 Highlights • Total of 23 morphometric parameters were used to differentiate the 103 Rasbora samples from Sarawak. • Cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) gene was utilised to further distinguish these fishes through phylogenetic analysis. • Pre-anal length identified as strongest morphometric discriminant (100%) and all eight Rasbora species tested are monophyletic except for R. sumatrana and R. caudimaculata. TLSR, 31(2), 2020 © Penerbit Universiti Sains Malaysia, 2020 Tropical Life Sciences Research, 31(2), 33–49, 2020 Morphometric Analysis and Genetic Relationship of Rasbora spp. in Sarawak, Malaysia 1,2Aimi Wahidah Aminan, 1Leonard Lim Whye Kit, 1Chung Hung Hui* and 1Badiozaman Sulaiman 1Faculty of Resource Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia 2Faculty of Industrial Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, 26600 Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia Publication date: 6 August 2020 To cite this article: Aimi Wahidah Aminan, Leonard Lim Whye Kit, Chung Hung Hui and Badiozaman Sulaiman. (2020). Morphometric analysis and genetic relationship of Rasbora spp. in Sarawak, Malaysia. Tropical Life Sciences Research 31(2): 33–49. https://doi. org/10.21315/tlsr2020.31.2.3 To link to this article: https://doi.org/10.21315/tlsr2020.31.2.3 Abstract: The genus Rasbora is one of the most species-rich genus among the freshwater fishes and cryptic diversity has been a major hindrance in species identification in the past four decades due to their high similarities in terms of morphology. -
A Review on the Fishfauna of Mogi-Guaçu River Basin: a Century of Studies Uma Revisão Da Ictiofauna Da Bacia Do Rio Mogi-Guaçu Em Um Século De Estudos Meschiatti, AJ
A review on the fishfauna of Mogi-Guaçu River basin: a century of studies Uma revisão da ictiofauna da bacia do Rio Mogi-Guaçu em um século de estudos Meschiatti, AJ. and Arcifa, MS. Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo – USP, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, CEP 14040-901, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil e-mail: [email protected], [email protected] Abstract: Aim: The aims of this review were to synthesize information scattered in the literature, during ca. a century of studies on the fishfauna composition of Mogi-Guaçu River basin; the species distribution in the habitats, such as river, tributaries, and floodplain lakes; the diet, feding habits, migration, growth and reproduction of several species; and the influence of environmental degradation. Material and Methods: Analysis and synthesis of information obtained in the literature from 1900 to 2008 and comparison of similarities of the fishfauna composition in the habitats were done. The first studies on fish migration in South America using tagging and recapture were performed in Mogi-Guaçu River. Results: A hundred and fifty species were recorded in the river basin, distributed in the river, tributaries, floodplain lakes and a reservoir. Data on the diet of 73 species and the reproduction of 27 species were included. The similarity is higher between river and tributaries (47%) than between tributaries and lakes (42%) and river and lakes (37%). Conclusions: Several factors, such as sand dredging in the river channel, domestic and industrial sewage, pesticides and fertilizers used in the agriculture contribute to the environmental degradation, reducing nurseries and suitable conditions for the maintenance of populations. -
Efficacy of Continuous Exposure to Low Doses of Bronopol (Pycezetm) On
DEVELOPING STRATEGIES FOR THE CONTROL OF ICHTHYOPHTHIRIUS MULTIFILIIS FOUQUET, 1876 (CILIOPHORA) DECEMBER 2010 SARA M. PICÓN CAMACHO (BSC, MSC) A THESIS SUBMITTED FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY INSTITUTE OF AQUACULTURE UNIVERSITY OF STIRLING I To Eric Leclercq, for your love and support. Thank you for believing in me II Sara Picón Camacho DECLARATION This thesis has been composed in its entirety by the candidate. Except where specifically acknowledged, the work described in this thesis has been conducted independently and has not been submitted for any other degree. CANDIDATE NAME: SARA PICON CAMACHO SIGNATURE: DATE: 20/ 05/2011 SUPERVISOR NAME: ANDREW P. SHINN SIGNATURE: DATE: 20/05/2011 III Sara Picón Camacho ABSTRACT The intensification of freshwater aquaculture worldwide has facilitated the propagation of the parasitic ciliate protozoan Ichthyophthirius multifiliis Fouquet, 1876 commonly known as “fish white spot” or “Ich”. Ichthyophthirius multifiliis infections lead to high mortalities, generating significant economic losses in most cultured freshwater fish species worldwide. Until recently, malachite green was the chemical treatment traditionally used to control I. multifiliis infections. Its reclassification as carcinogenic to humans and its subsequent ban for use in food fish has left the industry without any suitable treatments. Currently, in-bath formaldehyde and sodium chloride treatments are the most common option used in farm systems to control I. multifliis infections. Given their low efficacy, however, they are not considered as sustainable long–term options. There is, therefore, an urgent necessity to find efficacious alternatives for controlling I. multifliis infections. The general aim of this research project was to improve the management of I. -
AACL BIOFLUX Aquaculture, Aquarium, Conservation & Legislation International Journal of the Bioflux Society
AACL BIOFLUX Aquaculture, Aquarium, Conservation & Legislation International Journal of the Bioflux Society Freshwater oomycete isolated from net cage cultures of Oreochromis niloticus with water mold infection in the Nam Phong River, Khon Kaen Province, Thailand 1Kwanprasert Panchai, 1Chutima Hanjavanit, 2Nilubon Rujinanont, 3Shinpei Wada, 3Osamu Kurata, 4Kishio Hatai 1 Applied Taxonomic Research Center, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand; 2 Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand; 3 Laboratory of Aquatic Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo 180–8602, Japan; 4 Microbiology and Fish Disease Laboratory, Borneo Marine Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, 88400, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia. Corresponding author: C. Hanjavanit, [email protected] Abstract. Water mold-infected Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) from cultured net cages along the Nam Phong River, Khon Kaen Province, northeast Thailand, were collected from September 2010 to August 2011. The 34 obtained water mold isolates belonged to the genus Achlya and were identified as Achlya bisexualis, A. diffusa, A. klebsiana, A. prolifera and unidentified species of Achlya. Isolates of A. bisexualis and A. diffusa were the most abundant (35%), followed by the unidentified species of Achlya (18%) and then, A. klebsiana and A. prolifera (6% each). The ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region of the unidentified isolates was sequenced for phylogenetic analysis. Three out of 6 isolates were indicated to be A. dubia (BKKU1005), A. bisexualis (BKKU1009 and BKKU1134), and other 3 out of 6 isolates (BKKU1117, BKKU 1118 and BKKU1127) will be an as-yet unidentified species of Achlya. -
Diversidade Da Ictiofauna Do Alto Rio Paraná: Composição Atual E Perspectivas Futuras
Diversidade da ictiofauna do Alto Rio Paraná: composição atual e perspectivas futuras Francisco Langeani1,6, Ricardo Macedo Corrêa e Castro2, Osvaldo Takeshi Oyakawa3, Oscar Akio Shibatta4, Carla Simone Pavanelli5 & Lilian Casatti1 Biota Neotropica v7 (n3) – http://www.biotaneotropica.org.br/v7n3/pt/abstract?article+bn03407032007 Recebido em 21/12/06 Versão reformulada recebida em 06/07/07 Publicado em 19/10/07 1Laboratório de Ictiologia, Departamento de Zoologia e Botânica, Universidade Estadual Paulista – UNESP, Rua Cristóvão Colombo, 2265, CEP 15054-000, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brasil, e-mail: [email protected] 2Laboratório de Ictiologia de Ribeirão Preto – LIRP, Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia Ciencias e Letras de Ribeirao Preto – FFCLRP, Universidade de São Paulo – USP, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, CEP 14040-901, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil, e-mail: [email protected] 3Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Nazaré, 481, CP 42494, CEP 04218-970, São Paulo, SP, Brasil, e-mail: [email protected] 4Departamento de Biologia Animal e Vegetal, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina – UEL, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid – PR 445, Km 380, CEP 86051-990, Londrina, PR, Brasil, e-mail: [email protected] 5Núcleo de Pesquisas em Limnologia Ictiologia e Aqüicultura – NUPELIA, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790, CEP 87020-900, Maringá, PR, Brasil. e-mail: [email protected] 6Autor para correspondência: Francisco Langeani, e-mail: [email protected] Abstract Langeani, F., Castro, R.M.C., Oyakawa, O.T., Shibatta, O.A., Pavanelli, C.S. & Casatti, L. Ichthyofauna diversity of the upper rio Paraná: present composition and future perspectives. -
The Bewildering Taxonomy of Genus Ranunculus with Particular Reference to Kashmir Himalaya
Journal of Resea rch & De velopmen t, Vol. 13 (2013) ISSN 0972 -5407 The Bewildering Taxonomy of Genus Ranunculus with Particular Reference to Kashmir Himalaya Fayaz A. Lone 1*, Shazia Lone 2, G. H. Dar 3 and B. A. Wafai 3 1Department of Botany, Govt. Degree College Kupwara, J&K, India 2Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Pune, Maharashtra, India 3Centre of Biodiversity Studies BGSB University Rajouri, J&K, India *Corresponding author email: [email protected] ABSTRACT Belonging to family Ranunculaceae the genus Ranunculus comprises ca. 600 species with a worldwide distribution. The generic delimitation and infrageneric classification of Ranunculus have always proved a “Pandora Box” for taxonomists due to its large number of species and high phenotypic plasticity and, therefore, continue to be under discussion. The Kashmir Himalaya, constituting a part of the Northwest Himalaya, represents a repository of the Ranunculus species. During the course of present study 25 taxa of Ranunculus, belonging to 18 species were recorded from the study area in diverse habitats. The paper highlights the position of the genus at world level in general and at the regional level in particular. In order to remove certain taxonomic confusions some new combinations have been proposed. Keywords: Ranunculus, Kashmir Himalaya, species INTRODUCTION The genus Ranunculus was first described by Carl Linnaeus in 1753. The Latin name meaning 'little frog' points to the wet habitats in which most of the species grow. It comprises plants commonly known as 'buttercups' for their bowl-shaped flowers with petals having glossy proximal and mat distal portions (Kadota, 1991), although epithets such as 'spearworts', 'water crowfoots' and 'lesser celandine' are also used for other species of the genus. -
Felipe Skóra Neto
UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO PARANÁ FELIPE SKÓRA NETO OBRAS DE INFRAESTRUTURA HIDROLÓGICA E INVASÕES DE PEIXES DE ÁGUA DOCE NA REGIÃO NEOTROPICAL: IMPLICAÇÕES PARA HOMOGENEIZAÇÃO BIÓTICA E HIPÓTESE DE NATURALIZAÇÃO DE DARWIN CURITIBA 2013 FELIPE SKÓRA NETO OBRAS DE INFRAESTRUTURA HIDROLÓGICA E INVASÕES DE PEIXES DE ÁGUA DOCE NA REGIÃO NEOTROPICAL: IMPLICAÇÕES PARA HOMOGENEIZAÇÃO BIÓTICA E HIPÓTESE DE NATURALIZAÇÃO DE DARWIN Dissertação apresentada como requisito parcial à obtenção do grau de Mestre em Ecologia e Conservação, no Curso de Pós- Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Paraná. Orientador: Jean Ricardo Simões Vitule Co-orientador: Vinícius Abilhoa CURITIBA 2013 Dedico este trabalho a todas as pessoas que foram meu suporte, meu refúgio e minha fortaleza ao longo dos períodos da minha vida. Aos meus pais Eugênio e Nilte, por sempre acreditarem no meu sonho de ser cientista e me darem total apoio para seguir uma carreira que poucas pessoas desejam trilhar. Além de todo o suporte intelectual e espiritual e financeiro para chegar até aqui, caminhando pelas próprias pernas. Aos meus avós: Cândida e Felippe, pela doçura e horas de paciência que me acolherem em seus braços durante a minha infância, pelas horas que dispenderem ao ficarem lendo livros comigo e por sempre serem meu refúgio. Você foi cedo demais, queria que estivesse aqui para ver esta conquista e principalmente ver o meu maior prêmio, que é minha filha. Saudades. A minha esposa Carine, que tem em comum a mesma profissão o que permitiu que entendesse as longas horas sentadas a frente de livros e do computador, a sua confiança e carinho nas minhas horas de cansaço, você é meu suporte e meu refúgio. -
Diversidade De Oomycota Em Área De Manguezal Do Parque Estadual Da Ilha Do Cardoso (PEIC), Cananéia, Estado De São Paulo, Brasil
Ana Lucia de Jesus Diversidade de Oomycota em área de manguezal do Parque Estadual da Ilha do Cardoso (PEIC), Cananéia, Estado de São Paulo, Brasil Dissertação apresentada ao Instituto de Botânica da Secretaria do Meio Ambiente, como parte dos requisitos exigidos para a obtenção do título de MESTRE em BIODIVERSIDADE VEGETAL E MEIO AMBIENTE, na Área de Concentração de Plantas Avasculares e Fungos em Análises Ambientais. SÃO PAULO 2015 Ana Lucia de Jesus Diversidade de Oomycota em área de manguezal do Parque Estadual da Ilha do Cardoso (PEIC), Cananéia, Estado de São Paulo, Brasil Dissertação apresentada ao Instituto de Botânica da Secretaria do Meio Ambiente, como parte dos requisitos exigidos para a obtenção do título de MESTRE em BIODIVERSIDADE VEGETAL E MEIO AMBIENTE, na Área de Concentração de Plantas Avasculares e Fungos em Análises Ambientais. ORIENTADORA: Dra. Carmen Lidia Amorim Pires-Zottarelli iv Ficha Catalográfica elaborada pelo NÚCLEO DE BIBLIOTECA E MEMÓRIA Jesus, Ana Lucia de J58d Diversidade de Ooomycota em área do Parque Estadual da Ilha do Cardoso (PEIC), Cananéia, Estado de São Paulo, Brasil / Ana Lucia de Jesus – São Paulo, 2015 108 p. il. Dissertação (Mestrado) – Istituto de Botânica da Secretaria de Estado do Meio Ambiente, 2015 Bibliografia 1.Fungos zoospóricos. 2. Mangue. 3. Halophytophthora. I. Título CDU: 582.281 v ” Foi o tempo que dedicastes à tua rosa que a fez tão importante” (Antoine de Saint-Exupéry) vi Dedico a minha querida avó Anna Maria do Carmo (in memorian), que foi tudo na minha vida. Saudades eternas! vii AGRADECIMENTOS Agradeço... À Deus por guiar os meus passos, dando condições para eu lutar e alcançar todos os meus objetivos.