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Computational Interior Ballistics Modeling Robert Miner

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Computational Interior Ballistics Modeling Robert Miner University of New Mexico UNM Digital Repository Mechanical Engineering ETDs Engineering ETDs 1-30-2013 Computational interior ballistics modeling Robert Miner Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/me_etds Recommended Citation Miner, Robert. "Computational interior ballistics modeling." (2013). https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/me_etds/68 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Engineering ETDs at UNM Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Mechanical Engineering ETDs by an authorized administrator of UNM Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Robert Todd Miner Candidate MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Department This thesis is approved, and it is acceptable in quality and form for publication: Approved by the Thesis Committee: Arslan Razani Ph.D. , Chairperson John Russell Ph.D. Steven Todd Ph.D. i Computational Interior Ballistics Modeling BY Robert Todd Miner* *BSME, University of New Mexico, 2008 THESIS Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science Mechanical Engineering The University of New Mexico Albuquerque, New Mexico December, 2012 ii DEDICATION I would like to dedicate this paper to my parents who have always been there for me and provided me the opportunity to further my education. This would not have been possible without their love and support. iii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to acknowledge my adviser Dr. Razani and my colleagues at Sandia National Laboratories. I would like to extend special thanks to my mentors Mark Anderson, Chance Hughs, and Steven Todd for making this research possible along with their expertise and support. In addition, I would also like to thank Greg Scharrer, Charles Jensen, Shawn Parks, the whole 5436 and 5437 teams for their support and guidance through my research and college years. Special thanks to my committee members, Dr. John Russell, Dr. Arslan Razani and Dr. Steven Todd for their valuable recommendations pertaining to this study and assistance in my professional development. iv Computational Interior Ballistics Modeling Robert Todd Miner* *BSME University of New Mexico, 2008 M.S., Mechanical Engineering, University of New Mexico, 2012 ABSTRACT Interior ballistics are the events in a gun system that determines the performance of any gun design. In order to efficiently design any gun system the internal ballistics should be understood to minimize energy losses and correctly define design parameters. The goal of this computational model is to develop a ballistics model to aid in gun design. A computational analysis of the dynamics events aids in the design of the gun system by providing output information such as pressure, velocity, charge burnout, and projectile distance versus time profiles. By applying the chemical and physical parameters of the propellant, gun breech geometry, projectile mass and gun barrel parameters, one can iterate through design parameters in an attempt to improve gun performance. There will be several computational models describing the main program being a lumped parameter internal ballistics analysis. The muzzle velocity of the model has been validated with empirical testing to at least one gun system and being applied to other gun systems for further validation on different designs. The validation of the muzzle velocity and breech pressure will build confidence in the model and allow for the model to be further developed into a more user friendly program. v TABLE OF CONTENTS DEDICATION ................................................................................................................... iii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ................................................................................................ iv ABSTRACT ....................................................................................................................... v CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................ 1 1.0 Introduction ............................................................................................................. 1 CHAPTER 2 INTERIOR BALLISTIC MODELING ........................................................ 3 2.0 Ballistics Problem ................................................................................................... 3 2.1 Pressure-Travel Curve ............................................................................................ 3 2.1.1 Propellant Parameters ......................................................................................... 5 2.1.2 Gun Parameters ................................................................................................. 12 2.1.3 Projectile Parameters ........................................................................................ 13 2.2 Numerical Techniques .......................................................................................... 14 2.2.1 Chemical Equilibrium Calculations .................................................................. 14 2.2.2 Closed Bomb Formulation ................................................................................. 18 2.2.3 Corner’s Model .................................................................................................. 21 2.2.4 Coppock's Model ................................................................................................ 23 2.2.5 IBHVG2 Lumped Parameter Model .................................................................. 36 2.2.6 XKTC Lumped Parameter Model and Codes of other Countries ...................... 38 2.2.7 SNL Lumped Parameter Model ......................................................................... 38 CHAPTER 3 MODEL COMPARISON ........................................................................... 48 3.1 Gun Models ........................................................................................................... 48 3.2 PAN Disruptor ...................................................................................................... 49 vi 3.3. 0.50 Caliber Powder Gun (SNL) ........................................................................ 55 3.3.1 SNL Powder Gun - .308 Winchester IMR 4350 .......................................... 57 3.3.2 SNL Powder Gun--.380 Winchester IMR 4064 ............................................ 60 3.3.5 SNL Powder Gun- 0.50 BMG IMR 4350 .................................................... 66 3.3.6 SNL Powder Gun- 0.50 BMG IMR 4064 ..................................................... 68 3.4 Thunder Range Powder Gun Results .................................................................... 70 3.5 50 mm Launcher ................................................................................................... 71 3.5.1- 50 mm Launcher Low Velocity Target ...................................................... 72 3.5.2-50 mm High Velocity Target ........................................................................ 74 CHAPTER 4 DISCUSSION ............................................................................................. 76 4.1 Model Difficulties .................................................................................................. 76 4.2 Model Limitations ................................................................................................. 76 CHAPTER 5 CONCLUSIONS ........................................................................................ 76 5.1 Summary ............................................................................................................... 76 5.2 Lessons Learned .................................................................................................... 77 5.3 Future Work .......................................................................................................... 78 REFERENCES ................................................................................................................. 79 APPENDIX A ................................................................................................................... 81 Propellant Formulations ............................................................................................. 82 APPENDIX B ................................................................................................................... 86 Corners Method: Mathcad Numeric Modeling ........................................................... 86 APPENDIX C ................................................................................................................... 92 Coppocks Method: Mathcad Numeric Modeling ........................................................ 92 vii APPENDIX D ................................................................................................................... 94 Lumped Parameter Model: Mathcad Numeric Modeling ........................................... 94 viii LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1. Propellant Grain Geometries ............................................................................... 6 Figure 2. Pressure vs. Grain Size ....................................................................................... 7 Figure 3. Pressure vs. Burn Type ....................................................................................... 8 Figure 4. Pressure vs. Load Density .................................................................................. 8 Figure 5. Velocity Dependence vs. Ballistic Parameters ................................................
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