Firearms Evidence Collection Procedures
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Firearm Evidence
INDIANAPOLIS-MARION COUNTY FORENSIC SERVICES AGENCY Doctor Dennis J. Nicholas Institute of Forensic Science 40 SOUTH ALABAMA STREET INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA 46204 PHONE (317) 327-3670 FAX (317) 327-3607 EVIDENCE SUBMISSION GUIDELINE FIREARMS EVIDENCE INTRODUCTION Generally, crimes of violence involve the use of a firearm. The value of firearms and fired ammunition evidence will depend, to a significant degree on the recovery and submission techniques employed at the shooting event or later during autopsy. Trace evidence adhering to surfaces should be collected and submitted to the appropriate agency. This submission guideline is designed to assist you in your laboratory examination request decisions. Any situation not sufficiently explained to your specific needs may be handled on an individual basis by contacting the laboratory at (317) 327-3670 or the Firearms Section Supervisor at (317) 327-3777. A. The following is a list of items most commonly submitted to the Firearms Section for analyses: 1. Firearms 2. Cartridge Cases 3. Cartridges 4. Fired Bullets / Fragments 5. Shotshells 6. Wads 7. Slug / Pellets 8. Victim’s Clothing B. The I-MCFSA Firearms Section can conduct the following analysis: 1. Examination of firearms for function and safety, including test firing in order to obtain test bullets, cartridge cases and shot shells. 2. Comparison of evidence bullets, fired cartridge cases and shot shells to determine if they were or were not fired by the same firearm or the submitted firearm. 3. Examination of fired bullets to potentially determine caliber and possible make and type of firearm involved. 4. Imaging and comparing fired cartridge cases and test shots from firearms to similar exhibits recovered in unsolved crimes utilizing the NIBIN system (see NIBIN Submission Guideline #14). -
219 Zipper [PDF]
219 ZIPPER .365 12° .253 .506 .422 .252 .063 1.359 1.621 1.938 219 ZIPPER RIFLE: . F.N. Mauser Custom BULLET DIAMETER:. 0.224" BARREL: . 27", 1 in 14" Twist MAXIMUM C.O.L.: . 2.260" CASE: . Remington MAX. CASE LENGTH: . 1.938" PRIMER: . Federal 210 CASE TRIM LENGTH: . 1.928" Winchester introduced the 219 Zipper in 1937, seven years after the Hornet and two years after the powerful 220 Swift. Chambered in the fi rm’s Model 64 lever action varmint version of the famous Model 94, it never delivered the tack-driving accuracy customers demanded and consequently never became widely popular. Winchester discontinued manufacturing the Model 64 after WW II and the 219 Zipper became an orphan in 1961 when Marlin stopped chambering its Model 336 for the cartridge. The Zipper is now completely a handloading proposition since both Remington and Winchester have discontinued producing ammunition. A necked down 25-35 WCF (which can also be formed from 30-30 brass), the 219 Zipper was and is a respectable performer. Top velocities possible for the cartridge are only 100 fps lower than those which can be developed in the 224 Weatherby Varmintmaster. The Hornady 53 grain V-MAX™ or the 55 grain Spire Point are fi ne choices for the 219 Zipper and the cartridge is large enough to propel the wind-bucking 60 grain SP or HP up to an impressive 3300 fps. H 4895 is a very good powder throughout the entire range of available bullet weights and especially with the heavier selections. Hornady 22 caliber V-MAX™ bullets are extra potent in the Zipper. -
Rimfire Firing-Pin Indent Copper Crusher (Part 1)
NONFERROUSNONFERROUS HEATHEAT TREATING TREATING Rimfire Firing-Pin Indent Copper Crusher (part 1) Daniel H. Herring – The HERRING GROUP, Inc.; Elmhurst, Ill. The Sporting Arms and Ammunition Manufacturers’ Institute Inc., also known as SAAMI, is an association of the nation’s leading manufacturers of rearms, ammunition and components. SAAMI is the American National Standards Institute-accredited standards Fig. 1. Firing-pin indent copper crushers developer for the commercial small arms and ammunition industry. SAAMI was for 22-caliber rimfire ammunition founded in 1926 at the request of the federal government and tasked with: creating and (courtesy of Cox Manufacturing and publishing industry standards for safety, interchangeability, reliability and quality; and Kirby & Associates) coordinating technical data to promote safe and responsible rearms use. he story of SAAMI’s rimfire firing-pin indent copper pressures and increased bullet velocities. crusher describes the reinvention of one of the most The primary advantage of rimfire ammunition is low cost, important tools in the ammunition and firearms industry typically one-fourth that of center fire. It is less expensive to T(Fig. 1). This article explains the purpose and operation manufacture a thin-walled casing with an integral-rimmed of the rimfire firing-pin indent copper crusher and how an primer than it is to seat a separate primer in the center of the unusual chain of events almost led to the disappearance of this head of the casing. simple but important technology. The most common rimfire ammunition is the 22LR (22-caliber long rif le). It is considered the most popular round Rimfire Ammunition in the world and is commonly used for target shooting, small- In order to discuss the rimfire copper crusher, we need to take a game hunting, competitive rifle shooting and, to a lesser extent, step back and first explain what rimfire ammunition is and how it works. -
Rebel Forces in Northern Mali
REBEL FORCES IN NORTHERN MALI Documented weapons, ammunition and related materiel April 2012-March 2013 Co-published online by Conflict Armament Research and the Small Arms Survey © Conflict Armament Research/Small Arms Survey, London/Geneva, 2013 First published in April 2013 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means without the prior permission in writing of Conflict Armament Research and the Small Arms Survey, or as expressly permitted by law, or under terms agreed with the appropriate reprographics rights organisation. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside the scope of the above should be sent to the secretary, Conflict Armament Research ([email protected]) or the secretary, Small Arms Survey ([email protected]). Copy-edited by Alex Potter ([email protected]) Reviewed by Alex Diehl and Nic Jenzen-Jones Cover image: © Joseph Penny, 2013 Above image: Design and layout by Julian Knott (www.julianknott.com) © Richard Valdmanis, 2013 TABLE OF CONTENTS About 4 3.7 M40 106 mm recoilless gun 11 Abbreviations and acronyms 5 4. Light Weapons Ammunition 12 Introduction 6 4.1 12.7 x 108 mm ammunition 12 4.2 14.5 x 115 mm ammunition 12 1. Small Arms 7 4.3 PG-7 rockets 13 1.1 Kalashnikov-pattern 7.62 x 39 mm assault 4.4 OG-82 and PG-82 rockets 13 rifles 7 4.5 82 mm mortar bombs 14 1.2 FN FAL-pattern 7.62 x 51 mm rifle 7 4.6 120 mm mortar bombs 14 1.3 G3-pattern 7.62 x 51 mm rifle 7 4.7 Unidentified nose fuzes 14 1.4 MAT-49 9 x 19 mm sub-machine gun 7 4.8 F1-pattern fragmentation grenades 15 1.5 RPD-pattern 7.62 x 39 mm light 4.9 NR-160 106 mm HEAT projectiles 15 machine gun 7 1.6 PK-pattern 7.62 x 54R mm general-purpose 5. -
Gunshot Wounds
6/21/2019 Gunshot Wounds • Tom Bennett, M.D. 1 6/21/2019 Ballistics • In general, ballistics is the study of the bullet in flight. We are more concerned with the effects once it strikes the target. • Internal ballistics = Physics of gunpowder ignition and propulsion of the projectile in the gun barrel. • Exterior ballistics: – Flight of the projectile. – Energy of bullet (K.E. = 1/2 mv²) • Wound ballistics: Physics of damage to the target tissue. We need to answer (at least): • What type of weapon (shotgun, handgun, etc.)? • What type of projectile within the weapon? (e.g., slug, birdshot, hollowpoint, jacketed, etc.) • What was the size of the projectile? • What was the angle with respect to the target surface? • Did the wound penetrate or perforate? • What was the range/distance from the end of the gunbarrel to the target surface? (i.e., touching or close or far…) • Are there any inconsistencies in scene, history, etc.? • Who fired the shot(s)? 2 6/21/2019 Weapon • Rifled: types –Handguns –Rifles • Airguns • Smooth bore: –Shotguns –Black powder Handgun – Rifle - Shotgun 3 6/21/2019 X-rays • Helpful to document injuries, etc. • Non-invasive, so do first to help direct course of autopsy. When the gun fires: • Each powder particle gives off 400-800 times its volume in gas when it burns. • Flame travels up to an inch or so from the end of the gun barrel. • Soot and primer residue travel about 6-12 inches from the barrel. • Gunpowder particles can predictably travel up to 30-36 inches from the end of the barrel. -
22 Long Rifle Ammo at Ammunitionstore.Com
.22 Long Rifle 1 .22 Long Rifle ammo at AmmunitionStore.com .22 Long Rifle .22 Long Rifle – Subsonic Hollow point (left). Standard Velocity (center), Hyper-Velocity "Stinger" Hollow point (right). Type Rimfire cartridge Place of origin United States Production history Designer J. Stevens Arm & Tool Company Designed 1887 Specifications Parent case .22 Long Case type Rimmed, Straight Bullet diameter .222 in (5.6 mm) Neck diameter .226 in (5.7 mm) Base diameter .226 in (5.7 mm) Rim diameter .278 in (7.1 mm) Rim thickness .043 in (1.1 mm) Case length .613 in (15.6 mm) Overall length 1.000 in (25.4 mm) Rifling twist 1–16" Primer type Rimfire Ballistic performance Bullet weight/type Velocity Energy [] 40 gr (3 g) Solid 1,080 ft/s (330 m/s) 104 ft·lbf (141 J) [] 38 gr (2 g) Copper-plated HP 1,260 ft/s (380 m/s) 134 ft·lbf (182 J) [] 31 gr (2 g) Copper-plated HP 1,430 ft/s (440 m/s) 141 ft·lbf (191 J) [1] 30 gr (2 g) Copper-Plated RN 1,750 ft/s (530 m/s) 204 ft·lbf (277 J) [1] 32 gr (2 g) Copper-Plated HP 1,640 ft/s (500 m/s) 191 ft·lbf (259 J) .22 Long Rifle 2 [][1] Source(s): The .22 Long Rifle rimfire (5.6×15R – metric designation) cartridge is a long established variety of ammunition, and in terms of units sold is still by far the most common in the world today. The cartridge is often referred to simply as .22 LR ("twenty-two-/ˈɛl/-/ˈɑr/") and various rifles, pistols, revolvers, and even some smoothbore shotguns have been manufactured in this caliber. -
Winchester Reloading Manuals
15th Edition Reloader’s Manual What’s it take to manufacture the world’s finest ammunition? The world’s finest components. Winchester understands the demands of shooters and hunters want- ing to develop the “perfect load.” You can rest assured that every Winchester ammu- nition component is made to meet and exceed the most demanding requirements and performance standards in the world– yours. Winchester is the only manufacturer which backs up its data with over 125 years of experience in manufacturing rifle, handgun and shotshell ammunition.The data in this booklet are the culmination of very extensive testing which insures the reloader the best possible results. This 15th edition contains more than 150 new recipes, including AA Plus® Ball Powder® propellant, WAA12L wad, 9x23 Winchester and 454 Casull. This information is presented to furnish the reloader with current data for reloading shotshell and centerfire rifle and handgun ammunition. It is not a textbook on how to reload, but rather a useful reference list of recommended loads using Winchester® components. TABLE OF CONTENTS Warnings Read Before using Data. 2 Components Section. 6 Shotshell Reloading. 12 Shotshell Data. 17 Powder Bushing Information. 25 Metallic Cartridge Reloading. 33 Rifle Data. 35 Handgun Data. 42 Ballistic Terms and Definitions. 51 TRADEMARK NOTICE AA Plus, AA, Action Pistol, Fail Safe, Lubalox, Lubaloy, Silvertip, Super-Field, Super-Lite, Super-Match, Super-Target, Super-X, Xpert and Winchester are registered trademarks of Olin Corporation. Magnum Rifle, and Upland, are trademarks of Olin Corporation. Ball Powder is a registered trademark of Primex Technologies, Inc. © 1997 Winchester Group, Olin Corporation, East Alton, IL 62024 1 WARNINGS Read before using data The shotshell and metallic cartridge data in this booklet supersede all previous data published for Ball Powder® smokeless propellants. -
Cartridges, Rimfire
SAFETY DATA SHEETPage 1 of 4 Prepared to U.S. OSHA, CMA, ANSI, Canadian WHMIS, Australian WorkSafe, Japanese Standard JIS Z 7250:2000, and EU REACH Regulations 1. PRODUCT AND COMPANY IDENTIFICATION Product Name: CARTRIDGES – RIMFIRE CAS Number: Mixture – Metal Alloy Synonyms: Rimfire Brands: Super-X, Supreme, Varmint HV, Varmint HE, Defender, USA Brand, Hyper Speed, Dynapoint, M22, 222,333, 525, 555, T-22, Wildcat, Expediter, Silhouette, Super Speed, Aussie Ammo, Subsonic, Power-Point, Xpert, M-22 Subsonic, Super-X Subsonic, Super Suppressed, Varmit X Lead- Free, Varmint LF Polymer Tip NTX, X22LRHLF-22LR Tin 26 grn.HP, X22Mhlf-22WMR Tin Core JHP, USA Game & Target, Universal. Rimfire Bullet Names: Polymer Tip, VMax, XTP, Jacketed Hollow Point, JHP, FMJ, Dynapoint, DP, Lead Round Nose, LRN, LRN Copper Plated, LRN Black Copper Plated, LRN Lubaloy Plated, Lead Hollow Point, LHP, LHP Copper Plated, Power-Point, PP, PP Copper Plated, Fragmenting Hollow Point, FHP, FHP Copper Plated, Lead Shot, CB, T-22. Rimfire Calibers: 17 Hornady Magnum Rimfire (17 HMR), 17 Winchester Super Magnum (17 WSM), 22 Long (22L), 22 Long Rifle (22LR), 22 Short (22S), 22 Winchester Rimfire (22WRF), 22 Winchester Magnum Rimfire (22WMR), 22 Mag. Rimfire Proof Loads Product Use: Rimfire Rifle and Pistol Loaded Ammunition U.N. Number: UN 0012 U.N. Dangerous Goods Explosive, 1.4S Class Manufacturer/Responsible Olin Winchester, LLC Party: Manufacturers’ Address: 600 Powder Mill Road, East Alton, IL 62024 www.winchester.com Emergency Telephone US/Canada: 1-800-424-9300 Number: Outside US/Canada: 703-527-3887 SDS Control Group: 618-258-3507 (Technical Information Only) Olin SDS No.: 00051.0001 Issue Date: 6/1/15 Revision Date: 02/28/2019 Revision No.: 5 2. -
Artillery Ammunition from the 1781 Siege of Star Fort
University of South Carolina Scholar Commons Archaeology and Anthropology, South Carolina Faculty & Staff Publications Institute of 9-2020 Artillery Ammunition from the 1781 Siege of Star Fort James B. Legg Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/sciaa_staffpub Part of the Archaeological Anthropology Commons, and the Military History Commons Research Artillery Ammunition from the 1781 Siege of Star Fort By James B. Legg th Regular readers of Legacy, will recall that daily feature of the siege. By June 18 , the The 6-pounder was the standard field in 2018 and 2019, SCIAA Director Steve Americans were entrenched immediately caliber used by both British and American Smith conducted USC “Maymester” north of the ditch of Star Fort, but a large artillery during the Revolution. Historical archaeological field schools in and around relief force of British regular troops was sources indicate that the Americans used Star Fort, a component of the 1781 British on its way to break the siege. Greene at least four, 6-pounder field guns in defenses of Ninety Six, South Carolina, at decided to risk a direct assault on Star Fort the siege of Star Fort, while the British Ninety Six National Historic Site (Figures before giving up the siege, but the attack had only two or three 3-pounders, and 1 and 2). The work included formal met with a bloody repulse. Greene broke possibly some very light-caliber swivel excavation units, and an array of metal off the siege and withdrew the following guns. Nevertheless, we found both detector sample areas. Among our findings day, but the British then decided that the American and British 6-pounder shot in was a significant assemblage related to the post of Ninety Six was too exposed to be Star Fort. -
Rules, Regulations and Scales
RULES, REGULATIONS AND SCALES APPLICABLE TO THE PROOF OF SMALL ARMS 2006 THE WORSHIPFUL COMPANY THE GUARDIANS OF THE OF GUNMAKERS OF LONDON BIRMINGHAM PROOF HOUSE The London Proof House, The Birmingham Proof House, 48 Commercial Road, Banbury Street, London E1 1LP Birmingham B5 5RH CONTENTS OF THE RULES OF PROOF 2006 Page No. Introduction …………………………………………………………. 1,2 Schedule B - Rules, Regulations & Scales Applicable to the Proof of Barrels of Small Arms. Classification of barrels of small arms …………………………… 3 Definitions …………………………………………….….……… 3,4,5,6 Part I General ……………….……………………………….. 6,7 Part II Condition & Information prior to Proof ………………… 7,8,9 Part III View…………………………………..………………….. 9,10 Part IV The Proof Load……………………………….………….. 11,12,13 Part V Proof Marks used by the British Proof Authorities ……… 14 - 20 Part VI Approval for Cartridge Control 3.1 Testing of Commercial Ammunition. ………………….. 20 - 25 (This data is subject to change by C.I.P. For further data please refer to the most recently issued C.I.P. CD disc, available from either Proof House) 3.2 Testing of Commercial Ammunition, Explanatory remarks…………………………………… 25 - 28 3.3 Technical Annex for the testing of Commercial Ammunition…………………………………….……… 29 - 36 3.4 Testing of Commercial Ammunition, Dimensions to be checked ……………………………... 36 - 40 APPENDIX I Smooth Bore Shotgun Chamber & Bore Dimensions ………….. 41- 42 APPENDIX II Tabulation of British Proof Marks …………………………….. 43- 44 APPENDIX III Other marks used by the British Proof Authorities …………….. 45 APPENDIX IV Recognised Reciprocal C.I.P. Proof Marks Austrian Proof Marks ……………………………………………46 Belgian Proof Marks …………………………………………….47- 49 Chilean Proof Marks……………………………………………..50 Czech Republic Proof Marks ……………………………………51 Finnish Proof Marks ……………………………………………. -
Thomas K. Bacon - the Arms and the Man Lowelij
Thomas K. Bacon - The Arms and The Man LowelIJ. Wagner BACON MANUFACTURING COMPANY PRODUCTION Bacon Manufacturing Company's first production model appears to have been the "Excelsior" percus- sion revolver. This octagon barrel, removable side plate revolver was nearly identical to the Manhattan percus- sion revolver. Gruler and Rebetey were involved with Bacon's production of a percussion revolver similar to the Manhattan revolver. In 1859, they attempted to patent the removable side plate feature of the Man- hattan revolver, but this attempt was rejected by the patent ofice. Therefore, Thomas Bacon and his new company was free to produce the Excelsior model, which was made between 1859 and 1862 or 1863. Total production appears to have been less than 1000 after exceeding the four-digit serial numbers. This could guns. have been for ease of numbering internal parts of guns in The Excelsior model can be found with four dif- manufacture. ferent barrel markings, which include the large and Most of the early second model revolvers have the small one line address, the very small two line Bacon standard rose vine engraving. A very few have rose vine Mfg. Co. address, and the "Bacon Mfg. Co. Nonvich engraving with a stippled background covering most of Conn. Depot 297 New York" address. "Depot 297" the frame; this special engraving will also be found on refers to the address of B.J. Hart and Bro., well-known occasion on other models manufactured by Bacon Mfg. sporting goods and gun dealers located at 297 Broad- Co. Several examples of the second model percussion way in New York. -
Manual of Instruction for the Safe Use of Reproduction Nineteenth Century Percussion Revolvers
National Park Service Manual of Instruction for the Safe Use of Reproduction Nineteenth Century Percussion Revolvers 1 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Part I: Introduction 1 Part II: Nomenclature 2 Part III: Inspection and Maintenance 4 Part IV: Revolver Drill (Dismounted) 9 Part V: Misfi re Procedures 21 Part VI: Laboratory 23 Part VII: Demonstration Checklist 25 Bibliography 26 3 4 PART I - INTRODUCTION This manual sets forth the procedures that must be followed by persons demonstrating 19th century percussion revolvers to the public in areas administered by the National Park Service (NPS). It also provides instruction on proper maintenance, inspection, and repair procedures. This manual must be used in conjunction with the service wide standards for Historic Weapons Firing Demonstrations (NPS-6 Guidelines for Interpretation). The information below largely comes from primary sources of the period during which the weapons described were used. Several generations of NPS historic weapons personnel have modifi ed these original texts in order to improve demonstrator and visitor safety, make the original texts more comprehensible and to incorporate knowledge gained from years of actually using these weapons in the fi eld. The Park’s Certifi ed Historic Weapons Firing Demonstration Supervisor is responsible for the training and safety of the demonstrators, as well as the safety of the visitors. The following criteria will help determine when a demonstrator has been adequately trained. 1 PART II - NOMENCLATURE Exploded View, Colt Revolver Barrel with front sight and loading lever catch. Cylinder with two cones unscrewed. 2 Loading lever screw; Barrel wedge Loading lever assembly with latch and plunger.