DOCSLIB.ORG

Ranking of Countries by the Number of Their Military Bases Abroad

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Ranking of Countries by the Number of Their Military Bases Abroad This is a not-for-profit service provided by the Basel Institute of Commons and Economics to allow free access to Global statistics. Browse more rankings on: http://commons.ch/world-rankings/ Ranking of countries by the number of military bases abroad in 2015 Number of military bases rank country abroad 1. USA 58 2. UK 26 3. Russia 18 4. France 11 5. India 6 Turkey 4 6. Germany 4 8. Italy 2 9. Japan 1 9. China 1 List and locations of US-American military bases abroad in 2015 Countries with US military bases / presences Afghanistan - Camp Dwyer; Forward Operating Base Delhi; Forward Operating Base Geronimo; Fire Base Fiddler's Green (4 bases) Australia - Pine Gap Bahrain - Naval Support Activity Bahrain; Isa Air Base (2 bases) Belgium - Chièvres Air Base; Kleine Brogel Air Base NATO (2 bases) Brazil - United States Naval Support Detachment São Paulo You want to score on countries by yourself? You can score eight indicators in 41 languages on https://trustyourplace.com/ This is a not-for-profit service provided by the Basel Institute of Commons and Economics to allow free access to Global statistics. Browse more rankings on: http://commons.ch/world-rankings/ British Indian Ocean Territory - Naval Support Facility Diego Garcia Bulgaria - Aitos Logistics Center; Bezmer Air Base; Graf Ignatievo Air Base; Novo Selo Range (4 bases) Cuba - Guantanamo Bay Naval Base Djibouti - Camp Lemonnier Germany-Panzerkaserne; Ramstein Air Base; Spangdahlem Air Base (3 bases) Greece - Naval Support Activity Souda Bay Greenland - Thule Air Base Honduras - Soto Cano Air Base Israel - Port of Haifa (United States 6th Fleet); Dimona Radar Facility (2 bases) Italy - Caserma Del Din; Caserma Ederle; Darby Military Community; Naval Air Station Sigonella; Naval Support Activity Naples; Aviano Air Base (6 bases) Japan - United States Forces Japan Kosovo - Camp Bondsteel Kuwait - Ali Al Salem Air Base; Camp Arifjan; Camp Buehring; Kuwait Naval Base (4 bases) Netherlands - Volkel Air Base Norway - 426th Air Base Squadron at Sola Air Station Oman - RAFO Masirah; RAFOThumrait (2 bases) Portugal - Lajes Field Qatar - Al Udeid Air Base Saudi Arabia - 64th Air Expeditionary Group Singapore - Paya Lebar Air Base South Korea - United States Forces Korea Spain - Morón Air Base; Naval Station Rota (2 bases) Turkey - Incirlik Air Base; Izmir Air Station (2 bases) You want to score on countries by yourself? You can score eight indicators in 41 languages on https://trustyourplace.com/ This is a not-for-profit service provided by the Basel Institute of Commons and Economics to allow free access to Global statistics. Browse more rankings on: http://commons.ch/world-rankings/ UAE - Al Dhafra Air Base; Port of Jebel Ali; Fujairah Naval Base (3 bases) UK- RAF Alconbury; RAF Croughton; RAF Lakenheath; RAF Menwith Hill; RAF Mildenhall (5 bases) Another 6 military bases in the US overseas territory of Guam List and locations of British military bases / presences abroad in 2015 Ascension Iceland - RAF Ascension Iceland; UK-USsignals intelligence station (2 bases) bahrain - HMS Jufair Naval Support Facility (NSF) belize - British Army Training and Support Unit Belize Bermuda - Royal Bermuda Regiment British Indian Ocean Territory - British Forces British Indian Ocean Territories: Permanent Joint Operating Base Diego Garcia Brunei - British Forces BruneiBrunei Garrison Canada - British Army Training Unit Suffield Cyprus -British Forces Cyprus Akrotiri and Dhekelia - RAF Troodos (2 bases) Falkland Islands - British Forces South Atlantic Islands: RAF Mount Pleasant; RAF Mount Byron; RAF Mount Alice;Mare Harbor; Falkland Islands Defense Force (6 bases) Germany- British Forces Germany: Westphalia Garrison Gibraltar - British Forces Gibraltar: Gibraltar Squadron; RAF Gibraltar; Royal Gibraltar Regiment (4 bases) Kenya - British Army Training Unit Kenya Montserrat - Royal Montserrat Defense Force Nepal - British Gurkhas Nepal Singapore - Naval Party 1022 Qatar - RAF Al Udeid You want to score on countries by yourself? You can score eight indicators in 41 languages on https://trustyourplace.com/ This is a not-for-profit service provided by the Basel Institute of Commons and Economics to allow free access to Global statistics. Browse more rankings on: http://commons.ch/world-rankings/ List and location of Russian military bases / presences abroad in 2015 Armenia - Russian 102nd Military Base , Russian 3624th Airbase Erebuni Airport, Jerewan (2 bases) Belarus - Hantsavichy radar station; Vileyka naval communication center, 61st Fighter airbase (3 bases) Georgia (South Ossetia) - Russian 4th Military base, Russian 7th Military base (2 bases) Kazakhstan - Balkhash radar station; Sary Shagan Station; Baikonur Cosmodrome (3 bases) Kyrgyzstan - Kant Air Base , 338th naval communication center (2 bases) Moldavia (Transnistria) - Russian Task Force Transnistrian region of Moldova (RTF TRM) Syria - Russian naval facility in Tartus; Khmeimim Air Base (2 bases) Tajikistan - 201st Military Base Ukraine (Crimea) - Black Sea Fleet Vietnam - Cam Ranh base List and locations of French military bases / presences abroad in 2015 Djibouti - Les forces françaises stationnées à Djibouti (FFDj) French Guyana - Les forces armées en Guyane (FAG) French Polynesia - Les forces armées en Polynésie française (FAPF) Gabon - Les éléments français au Gabon (EFG) Germany-Brigade franco-allemande Robert Schuman in Müllheim You want to score on countries by yourself? You can score eight indicators in 41 languages on https://trustyourplace.com/ This is a not-for-profit service provided by the Basel Institute of Commons and Economics to allow free access to Global statistics. Browse more rankings on: http://commons.ch/world-rankings/ Côte d'Ivoire Les forces françaises en Côte d'Ivoire (FFCI) Martinique - Les forces armées aux Antilles (FAA) Caledonia - Les forces armées de Nouvelle Calédonie (FANC) Reunion & mayotte - Les forces armées dans la zone Sud de l'océan India (FAZSOI) Senegal - Les éléments français au Sénégal (EFS) UAE - Forces de présence aux Emirats arabes unis List and locations of Indian military bases / presences abroad in 2015 Tajikistan - Farkhor Air Base Bhutan - Indian Military Training Team (Imtrat) Seychelles - Assumption Iceland Naval Base Madagascar - Coastal Surveillance Radar (CSR) station Maldives - Coastal Surveillance Radar (CSR) station Mauritius - Coastal Surveillance Radar (CSR) station List and locations of Turkish military bases / presences abroad in 2015 Iraq - Unnamed military base with 2,000 people Syria - Unnamed military base with 3,000 people Somalia - Unnamed military base with 200 people Cyprus [Cyprus Turkish occupation army Force) List and locations of German military bases / presences abroad in 2015 France - Infantry Battalion 291 (German-French brigade) in Ostwald You want to score on countries by yourself? You can score eight indicators in 41 languages on https://trustyourplace.com/ This is a not-for-profit service provided by the Basel Institute of Commons and Economics to allow free access to Global statistics. Browse more rankings on: http://commons.ch/world-rankings/ United States - Holloman Air Force Base in New Mexico, Naval Air Station Pensacola in Florida (2 bases) Turkey - Incirlik Air Base List and locations of Italian military bases / presences abroad in 2015 Djibouti - BMNS Base Militare Nazionale di Supporto (National Support Military Base) UAE Air Task Force (TFA) List and locations of Japanese military bases / presences abroad in 2015 Djibouti – Japan Deployment Air Force for Counter-Piracy Enforcement (DAPE) List and locations of Chinese military bases / presences abroad in 2015 Djibouti - Chinese Military supporting facilities Obock You want to score on countries by yourself? You can score eight indicators in 41 languages on https://trustyourplace.com/ .
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Armed Forces' Pay Review Body 47Th Report 2018
    Armed Forces’ Pay Review Body – Forty-Seventh Report 2018 Armed Forces’ Armed Forces’ Pay Review Body Forty-Seventh Report 2018 Chair: John Steele Cm 9677 Armed Forces’ Pay Review Body Forty-Seventh Report 2018 Chair: John Steele Presented to Parliament by the Prime Minister and the Secretary of State for Defence by Command of Her Majesty July 2018 Cm 9677 © Crown copyright 2018 This publication is licensed under the terms of the Open Government Licence v3.0 except where otherwise stated. To view this licence, visit nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3 or write to the Information Policy Team, The National Archives, Kew, London TW9 4DU, or email: [email protected]. Where we have identified any third party copyright information you will need to obtain permission from the copyright holders concerned. This publication is available at www.gov.uk/government/publications Any enquiries regarding this publication should be sent to us at https://www.gov.uk/government/organisations/office-of-manpower-economics ISBN 978-1-5286-0435-2 CCS0318277118 07/18 Printed on paper containing 75% recycled fibre content minimum Printed in the UK by the APS Group on behalf of the Controller of Her Majesty’s Stationery Office Armed Forces’ Pay Review Body TERMS OF REFERENCE The Armed Forces’ Pay Review Body provides independent advice to the Prime Minister and the Secretary of State for Defence on the remuneration and charges for members of the Naval, Military and Air Forces of the Crown. In reaching its recommendations, the Review Body is to have regard to the following considerations: • the need to recruit, retain and motivate suitably able and qualified people taking account of the particular circumstances of Service life; • Government policies for improving public services, including the requirement on the Ministry of Defence to meet the output targets for the delivery of departmental services; • the funds available to the Ministry of Defence as set out in the Government’s departmental expenditure limits; and, • the Government’s inflation target.
    [Show full text]
  • Air & Space Power Journal, September-October 2012, Volume
    September–October 2012 Volume 26, No. 5 AFRP 10-1 Senior Leader Perspective Driving towards Success in the Air Force Cyber Mission ❙ 4 Leveraging Our Heritage to Shape Our Future Lt Gen David S. Fadok, USAF Dr. Richard A. Raines Features The Air Force’s Individual Mobilization Augmentee Program ❙ 12 Is the Current Organizational Structure Viable? Col Robin G. Sneed, USAFR Lt Col Robert A. Kilmer, PhD, USA, Retired An Evolution in Intelligence Doctrine ❙ 33 The Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance Mission Type Order Capt Jaylan Michael Haley, USAF Joint Targeting and Air Support in Counterinsurgency ❙ 49 How to Move to Mission Command LTC Paul Darling, Alaska Army National Guard Building Partnership Capacity ❙ 65 Operation Harmattan and Beyond Col James H. Drape, USAF Departments 94 ❙ Ira C. Eaker Award Winners 95 ❙ Views An Airman’s Perspective on Mission Command . 95 Col Dale S. Shoupe, USAF, Retired Seeing It Coming: Revitalizing Future Studies in the US Air Force . 109 Col John F. Price Jr., USAF A Misapplied and Overextended Example: Gen J . N . Mattis’s Criticism of Effects-Based Operations . 118 Maj Dag Henriksen, PhD, Royal Norwegian Air Force Academy, US Air Force Research Institute 132 ❙ Historical Highlights Geopolitics versus Geologistics Lt. Col. Harry A. Sachaklian 146 ❙ Ricochets & Replies 154 ❙ Book Reviews Embry-Riddle at War: Aviation Training during World War II . 154 Stephen G. Craft Reviewer: R. Ray Ortensie A Fiery Peace in a Cold War: Bernard Schriever and the Ultimate Weapon . 157 Neil Sheehan Reviewer: Maj Thomas F. Menza, USAF, Retired Khobar Towers: Tragedy and Response . 160 Perry D. Jamieson Reviewer: CAPT Thomas B.
    [Show full text]
  • Journal 21 – Seminar – Malaya, Korea & Kuwait
    ROYAL AIR FORCE HISTORICAL SOCIETY JOURNAL 21 2 The opinions expressed in this publication are those of the contributors concerned and are not necessarily those held by the Royal Air Force Historical Society. First published in the UK in 2000 Copyright 200: Royal Air Force Historical Society All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission from the Publisher in writing. ISSN 1361-4231 Printed by Fotodirect Ltd Enterprise Estate, Crowhurst Road Brighton, East Sussex BN1 8AF Tel 01273 563111 3 ROYAL AIR FORCE HISTORICAL SOCIETY President Marshal of the Royal Air Force Sir Michael Beetham GCB CBE DFC AFC Vice-President Air Marshal Sir Frederick Sowrey KCB CBE AFC Committee Chairman Air Vice-Marshal N B Baldwin CB CBE Vice-Chairman Group Captain J D Heron OBE General Secretary Wing Commander C G Jefford MBE BA Membership Secretary Dr Jack Dunham PhD CPsychol AMRAeS Treasurer Desmond Goch Esq FCAA Members *J S Cox BA MA *Dr M A Fopp MA FMA FIMgt *Group Captain P J Greville RAF Air Commodore H A Probert MBE MA Editor, Publications Derek H Wood Esq AFRAeS Publications Manager Roy Walker Esq ACIB *Ex Officio 4 CONTENTS Malaya, Korea and Kuwait seminar Malaya 5 Korea 59 Kuwait 90 MRAF Lord Tedder by Dr V Orange 145 Book Reviews 161 5 RAF OPERATIONS 1948-1961 MALAYA – KOREA – KUWAIT WELCOMING ADDRESS BY SOCIETY CHAIRMAN Air Vice-Marshal Nigel Baldwin It is a pleasure to welcome all of you today.
    [Show full text]
  • 1) ATQ Summer 2004
    CONTENTS… Association News Chairman’s Comments......................................................................... 2 President’s Message ............................................................................... 3 AIRLIFT TANKER QUARTERLY Volume 12 • Number 3 • Summer 2004 Secretary’s Notes ................................................................................... 3 Airlift/Tanker Quarterly is published four times a year by the Airlift/Tanker Association, Col. Barry F. Creighton, USAF (Ret.), Secretary, Association Round-Up .......................................................................... 4 1708 Cavelletti Court, Virginia Beach, VA 23454. (757) 838-3037. Postage paid at Belleville, Illinois. Subscription rate: $30.00 per year. Change of address requires four weeks notice. Cover Story The Airlift/Tanker Association is a non-profit professional organization dedicated to providing a forum for people interested in improving the AMC: 12 Years of Excellence ......................................................... 6-17 capability of U.S. air mobility forces. Membership in the Airlift/Tanker Association is $30 annually A New Era in American Air Power Began on 1 June 1992 or $85 for three years. Full-time student membership is $10 per year. Life membership is $400. Corporate membership includes five individual memberships and is $1200 per year. Membership dues include a subscription to Departments Airlift/Tanker Quarterly, and are subject to change. Airlift/Tanker Quarterly is published for the use of the officers,
    [Show full text]
  • Table of Contents
    June 30, 2006 TTable of TTcontents Independence Day Air Force, U.S. CENTAF leaders offer messages for July 4: Page 2 “Teamwork” Capt. Dietrich speaks on working together to accomplish great things: Page 4 Commander’s Call Col. Orr highlights ‘fantastic job’ group has done through 30 days: Pages 5-6 Big Crane ECES helps move barriers for new Muscle Beach expansion: Page 6 Keeping track of it LRS supply team manages, issues mission items: Pages 7-8 Remembering Khobar Military commemorates 10th anni- versary of Khobar Tower bombing: Page 9 Around Iraq Latest news from around the the- ater: Page 9 Keeping cool Joint ECES effort generates, deliv- ers electricity: Page 10 Chapel corner Chaplain offers thoughts on religion versus relationship: Page 11 Looking for losers Muscle Beach looking for people willing to lose weight: Page 12 Blind volleyball PERSCO overwhelms ECS to take championship: Page 13 Movies and more Event schedules: Pages 14-16 Ali Times / June 30, 2006 Page 2 Air Force leaders send July 4 message Happy Birthday, America! For 230 years, this nation and its peo- ple have represented freedom and democracy. We earned that repu- Vol. 4, Issue 26 tation through courageous acts of June 30, 2006 patriotism by our founding fathers Col. and through bravery on battle- David L. Orr fields across the world. Today we Commander, 407th AEG mark not a resounding victory in Lt. Col. a great battle, but instead the day Richard H. Converse when we stood up as a free and Deputy Commander, Air Force Secretary Air Force Chief of Staff independent nation and told the 407th AEG Michael W.
    [Show full text]
  • Nepal, November 2005
    Library of Congress – Federal Research Division Country Profile: Nepal, November 2005 COUNTRY PROFILE: NEPAL November 2005 COUNTRY Formal Name: Kingdom of Nepal (“Nepal Adhirajya” in Nepali). Short Form: Nepal. Term for Citizen(s): Nepalese. Click to Enlarge Image Capital: Kathmandu. Major Cities: According to the 2001 census, only Kathmandu had a population of more than 500,000. The only other cities with more than 100,000 inhabitants were Biratnagar, Birgunj, Lalitpur, and Pokhara. Independence: In 1768 Prithvi Narayan Shah unified a number of states in the Kathmandu Valley under the Kingdom of Gorkha. Nepal recognizes National Unity Day (January 11) to commemorate this achievement. Public Holidays: Numerous holidays and religious festivals are observed in particular regions and by particular religions. Holiday dates also may vary by year and locality as a result of the multiple calendars in use—including two solar and three lunar calendars—and different astrological calculations by religious authorities. In fact, holidays may not be observed if religious authorities deem the date to be inauspicious for a specific year. The following holidays are observed nationwide: Sahid Diwash (Martyrs’ Day; movable date in January); National Unity Day and birthday of Prithvi Narayan Shah (January 11); Maha Shiva Ratri (Great Shiva’s Night, movable date in February or March); Rashtriya Prajatantra Diwash (National Democracy Day, movable date in February); Falgu Purnima, or Holi (movable date in February or March); Ram Nawami (Rama’s Birthday, movable date in March or April); Nepali New Year (movable date in April); Buddha’s Birthday (movable date in April or May); King Gyanendra’s Birthday (July 7); Janai Purnima (Sacred Thread Ceremony, movable date in August); Children’s Day (movable date in August); Dashain (Durga Puja Festival, movable set of five days over a 15-day period in September or October); Diwali/Tihar (Festival of Lights and Laxmi Puja, movable set of five days in October); and Sambhidhan Diwash (Constitution Day, movable date in November).
    [Show full text]
  • What Happens Next? Life in the Post-American World JANUARY 2014 VOL
    Will mankind ARMED, DANGEROUS The reason New ‘solution’ to ever reach Europe has a lot more for world family problems: the stars? nukes than you think troubles Don’t have kids THE PHILADELPHIA TRUMPETJANUARY 2014 | thetrumpet.com What Happens Next? Life in the post-American world JANUARY 2014 VOL. 25, NO. 1 CIRC. 325,015 THE DANGER ZONE T A member of the German Air Force based in Alamogordo, New Mexico, prepares a Tornado aircraft for takeoff. How naive is America to entrust this immense firepower to nations that so recently—and throughout history— have proved to be enemies of the free world. WORLD COVER SOCIETY 1 FROM THE EDITOR Europe’s 20 How Did Family Get Nuclear Secret 2 What Happens After So Complicated? 18 INFOGRAPHIC American B61 a Superpower Dies? 34 SOCIETYWATCH Thermonuclear Weapons in The world is about to find out. Europe SCIENCE 23 Will Mankind Ever Reach 26 WORLDWATCH Unifying 7 Conquering the Holy Land the Stars? Europe’s military—through The cradle of civilization, the stage of the Crusades, the most contested the back door • North Africa’s territory on Earth—who will gain control now that America is gone? policeman • Is the president BIBLE purging the military of 31 PRINCIPLES OF LIVING 10 dissenters • Don’t underrate The World’s Next Superpower Mankind’s Aversion Therapy 12 Partnering with Latin America al Shabaab • No prize for you • Lesson 13 Africa’s powerful neighbor Moscow puts Soviet squeeze 35 COMMENTARY A Warning on neighbor nations of Hope 14 Czars and Emperors COVER If the U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Training Support Activity Europe a Year in Photos 2018 U.S
    TRAINING SUPPORT ACTIVITY EUROPE A YEAR IN PHOTOS 2018 U.S. Army Europe (USAREUR) Seventh Army Training Training Support Activity Command (7thATC) Europe (TSAE) U.S. Army Europe is the operation- » Maintains the critical logistical, » Readiness is our #1 priority; » 7th Army Training Command, al-level Army force assigned to U.S. communications, intelligence, we deliver ready, trained, and Training Support Activity Europe European Command. medical and transportation equipped forces for operational (TSAE) provides home-station, infrastructure needed to support demands. expeditionary, rotational, and » Shapes the U.S. European operations and contingencies. contingency training support » Resource training readiness for Command area of operations across the EUCOM and AFRICOM » Serves as a logistical hub to all of USAREUR’s assigned and in order to support operations, Areas of Responsibility in order move equipment, supplies and allocated forces throughout the develop relationships, assure to build readiness and increase personnel, including vehicles and EUCOM area of operations. access, build partner capacity and interoperability of all U.S. equipment forward-positioned in deter adversaries while provid- » Lead the Army in developing assigned, attached, regionally Europe. ing mission command capability Allied and partnered nation aligned forces, our Multi-Na- that can set the theater and » Conducts more than 1,000 theater interoperability; provide the tional Partners, and Allies. execute Unified Land Operations security cooperation events each Army with an active learning, On behalf of USAREUR, TSAE in support of Combatant year, including more than 50 near peer environment to press manages the Training Support Commander requirements. scheduled multinational exercises modernization initiatives. System management process and dozens of unscheduled and the theater Visual Informa- » Provides a visible symbol of U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Jsp 800 Defence Movements and Transportation Regulations
    JSP 800 DEFENCE MOVEMENTS AND TRANSPORTATION REGULATIONS VOLUME 2 PASSENGER TRAVEL INSTRUCTIONS Third Edition By Command of the Defence Council MINISTRY OF DEFENCE January 2010 FOREWORD This document outlines the Joint Service Policy for movement of passengers and provides guidance to formations and units. This volume of JSP 800 is a ‘live’ publication and will be subject to amendment in order to keep it relevant. The travel instructions in this manual replace those formally published in the following areas: a. The previous edition of JSP 800 which should now be destroyed. b. Instructions previously covered in Defence Council Instructions (DCIs) and those DINs which expire on issue of this edition. Personal contact details of junior staff redacted under section 40 of the Freedom of Information Act The Sponsor of JSP 800 Volume 2 is the Deputy Head, SCM. Each Chapter of this volume has a Chapter Sponsor, identified in the contents list, and who is responsible for the maintenance of and update of the content via the process undertaken by the Defence Passenger Policy Committee and associated Working Groups . Chapter Sponsors should review their chapters, to ensure accuracy and relevance, and pass proposed amendments to the Technical Author who will aim to publish amendments to the intranet as a minimum on an annual basis. This volume will contain some reference to DCIs and DINs. It must be noted that these were the latest edition at the time of printing and may have been superseded. Some duplication necessarily exists between these instructions and those contained in other volumes of JSP 800 although this has been minimised.
    [Show full text]
  • The Idea of a “Fleet in Being” in Historical Perspective
    Naval War College Review Volume 67 Article 6 Number 1 Winter 2014 The deI a of a “Fleet in Being” in Historical Perspective John B. Hattendorf Follow this and additional works at: https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/nwc-review Recommended Citation Hattendorf, John B. (2014) "The deI a of a “Fleet in Being” in Historical Perspective," Naval War College Review: Vol. 67 : No. 1 , Article 6. Available at: https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/nwc-review/vol67/iss1/6 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at U.S. Naval War College Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Naval War College Review by an authorized editor of U.S. Naval War College Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Hattendorf: The Idea of a “Fleet in Being” in Historical Perspective THE IDEA OF a “FLEET IN BEING” IN HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE John B. Hattendorf he phrase “fleet in being” is one of those troublesome terms that naval his- torians and strategists have tended to use in a range of different meanings. TThe term first appeared in reference to the naval battle off Beachy Head in 1690, during the Nine Years’ War, as part of an excuse that Admiral Arthur Herbert, first Earl of Torrington, used to explain his reluctance to engage the French fleet in that battle. A later commentator pointed out that the thinking of several Brit- ish naval officers ninety years later during the War for American Independence, when the Royal Navy was in a similar situation of inferior strength, contributed an expansion to the fleet-in-being concept.
    [Show full text]
  • The Foreign Military Presence in the Horn of Africa Region
    SIPRI Background Paper April 2019 THE FOREIGN MILITARY SUMMARY w The Horn of Africa is PRESENCE IN THE HORN OF undergoing far-reaching changes in its external security AFRICA REGION environment. A wide variety of international security actors— from Europe, the United States, neil melvin the Middle East, the Gulf, and Asia—are currently operating I. Introduction in the region. As a result, the Horn of Africa has experienced The Horn of Africa region has experienced a substantial increase in the a proliferation of foreign number and size of foreign military deployments since 2001, especially in the military bases and a build-up of 1 past decade (see annexes 1 and 2 for an overview). A wide range of regional naval forces. The external and international security actors are currently operating in the Horn and the militarization of the Horn poses foreign military installations include land-based facilities (e.g. bases, ports, major questions for the future airstrips, training camps, semi-permanent facilities and logistics hubs) and security and stability of the naval forces on permanent or regular deployment.2 The most visible aspect region. of this presence is the proliferation of military facilities in littoral areas along This SIPRI Background the Red Sea and the Horn of Africa.3 However, there has also been a build-up Paper is the first of three papers of naval forces, notably around the Bab el-Mandeb Strait, at the entrance to devoted to the new external the Red Sea and in the Gulf of Aden. security politics of the Horn of This SIPRI Background Paper maps the foreign military presence in the Africa.
    [Show full text]
  • United States Nuclear Weapons in Europe
    United States nuclear CND weapons in Europe Around 200 United States nuclear B61 free-fall gravity bombs are stationed in five countries in Europe: Belgium, Germany, the Netherlands, Italy and Turkey. While the governments of these countries have never officially declared the presence of these G weapons, individuals such as the former Italian president and former Dutch prime minister have confirmed this to be the case. HE nuclear sharing arrangement is part of the Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT). Articles 1 and 2 of N North Atlantic Treaty Organisation’s (NATO) the NPT forbid the transfer of nuclear weapons to T defence policy. In peace time, the nuclear non-nuclear weapon states, but Belgium, Germany, the weapons stored in non-nuclear countries are guarded Netherlands, Italy and Turkey are all non-nuclear. I by US forces, with a dual code system activated in a time of war. Both host country and the US would Even though the UK does not host US bombs any then need to approve the use of the weapons, which more, the UK’s nuclear weapons system has been F would be launched on the former’s airplanes. assigned to NATO since the 1960s. Ultimately, this means that the UK’s nuclear weapons could be used When these bombs were initially deployed, the original against a country attacking (or threatening to attack) targets were eastern European states. But as the Cold one of the alliance member states since an attack on War ended, and these states became part of the one NATO member state is seen as being an attack on E European Union and in some cases NATO itself, the all member states.
    [Show full text]