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Urban Green Infrastructure: Sustainable Regional Development Based on Landscape Services

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Urban Green Infrastructure: Sustainable Regional Development Based on Landscape Services ADVERTIMENT. Lʼaccés als continguts dʼaquesta tesi doctoral i la seva utilització ha de respectar els drets de la persona autora. Pot ser utilitzada per a consulta o estudi personal, així com en activitats o materials dʼinvestigació i docència en els termes establerts a lʼart. 32 del Text Refós de la Llei de Propietat Intel·lectual (RDL 1/1996). Per altres utilitzacions es requereix lʼautorització prèvia i expressa de la persona autora. En qualsevol cas, en la utilització dels seus continguts caldrà indicar de forma clara el nom i cognoms de la persona autora i el títol de la tesi doctoral. No sʼautoritza la seva reproducció o altres formes dʼexplotació efectuades amb finalitats de lucre ni la seva comunicació pública des dʼun lloc aliè al servei TDX. Tampoc sʼautoritza la presentació del seu contingut en una finestra o marc aliè a TDX (framing). Aquesta reserva de drets afecta tant als continguts de la tesi com als seus resums i índexs. ADVERTENCIA. El acceso a los contenidos de esta tesis doctoral y su utilización debe respetar los derechos de la persona autora. Puede ser utilizada para consulta o estudio personal, así como en actividades o materiales de investigación y docencia en los términos establecidos en el art. 32 del Texto Refundido de la Ley de Propiedad Intelectual (RDL 1/1996). Para otros usos se requiere la autorización previa y expresa de la persona autora. En cualquier caso, en la utilización de sus contenidos se deberá indicar de forma clara el nombre y apellidos de la persona autora y el título de la tesis doctoral. No se autoriza su reproducción u otras formas de explotación efectuadas con fines lucrativos ni su comunicación pública desde un sitio ajeno al servicio TDR. Tampoco se autoriza la presentación de su contenido en una ventana o marco ajeno a TDR (framing). Esta reserva de derechos afecta tanto al contenido de la tesis como a sus resúmenes e índices. WARNING. The access to the contents of this doctoral thesis and its use must respect the rights of the author. It can be used for reference or private study, as well as research and learning activities or materials in the terms established by the 32nd article of the Spanish Consolidated Copyright Act (RDL 1/1996). Express and previous authorization of the author is required for any other uses. In any case, when using its content, full name of the author and title of the thesis must be clearly indicated. Reproduction or other forms of for profit use or public communication from outside TDX service is not allowed. Presentation of its content in a window or frame external to TDX (framing) is not authorized either. These rights affect both the content of the thesis and its abstracts and indexes. Urban Green Infrastructure: Sustainable Regional Development Based On Landscape Services PhD Dissertation ZHANG Sining Supervisor: Dr. Francesc Muñoz Ramírez PhD in Geography Departament de Geografia Facultat de Filosofia i Lletres Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB) May 2019 “The road ahead is long and has no ending; yet high and low I will search with my will unbending.” “” -! Chu Ci anthology Written by Qu Yuan (c. 340 - 278 BC) (He was a Chinese poet who lived during the Warring States period of ancient China.) Urban Green Infrastructure ZHANG Sining CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES .................................................................................................... vii LIST OF TABLES ........................................................................................................ ix MAIN ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ........................................................... x PREFACE ................................................................................................................... xii ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................ xiv KEYWORDS ............................................................................................................... xv RESUMEN ................................................................................................................. xvi PALABRAS CLAVE ............................................................................................... xviii 1 CHAPTER ONE: Introduction .............................................................................. 3 1.1 Background and significance ......................................................................... 3 1.2 Objectives ...................................................................................................... 8 1.3 Hypotheses ..................................................................................................... 8 1.4 Methodologies ................................................................................................ 9 1.5 Research contents ......................................................................................... 10 1.5.1 Landscape service theory ..................................................................... 11 1.5.2 Green infrastructure planning .............................................................. 11 1.6 Research status review ................................................................................. 12 1.6.1 Ecosystem services and landscape services ......................................... 12 1.6.2 Green infrastructure ............................................................................. 27 2 CHAPTER TWO: The General Theory of Landscape Services .......................... 33 2.1 Introduction .................................................................................................. 33 2.2 The development of the definition of landscape services ............................ 36 2.3 The landscape services in the context of landscape ..................................... 39 2.3.1 Landscape elements and landscape characteristics .............................. 39 2.3.2 Landscape patterns ............................................................................... 41 Urban Green Infrastructure ZHANG Sining 2.3.3 Landscape practices in planning and management .............................. 41 2.4 The case study—The Collserola Natural Park ............................................. 42 2.4.1 Study area ............................................................................................. 43 2.4.2 Socio-cultural services and landscape element and character ............. 46 2.4.3 Landscape planning and management ................................................. 49 2.5 A typology for the definition, classification, description of landscape services. .................................................................................................................... 51 2.5.1 The definition of landscape services .................................................... 51 2.5.2 Classification and description of landscape services ........................... 51 2.6 Discussion .................................................................................................... 78 3 CHAPTER THREE: Assessing and Mapping Landscape Services Supply ........ 82 3.1 Introduction .................................................................................................. 82 3.2 Methodology ................................................................................................ 84 3.2.1 Study area ............................................................................................. 84 3.2.2 Land cover classes ............................................................................... 85 3.2.3 Landscape services assessment matrix ................................................ 86 3.3 Quantification and mapping of landscape service supply ............................ 87 3.3.1 Land cover classes of Barcelona municipality ..................................... 87 3.3.2 Assessment of landscape services provision ........................................ 89 3.3.3 Spatial distribution of landscape services supply ................................ 92 3.4 Discussion .................................................................................................... 98 4 CHAPTER FOUR: Urban Green Infrastructure Planning Based On Landscape Services ...................................................................................................................... 102 4.1 Introduction ................................................................................................ 102 4.2 Methodology .............................................................................................. 103 4.3 The database construction of green infrastructure ..................................... 106 4.3.1 Urban green spaces background of Barcelona ................................... 106 4.3.2 Information acquisition ...................................................................... 106 Urban Green Infrastructure ZHANG Sining 4.3.3 The construction of Barcelona’s parks and gardens .......................... 110 4.4 Urban green infrastructure planning based on landscape services ............ 111 4.4.1 Identify the possible spatial characteristic areas ................................ 111 4.4.2 Urban Green infrastructure planning ................................................. 113 4.5 Discussion .................................................................................................. 120 5 CHAPTER FIVE: General Discussion and Conclusion .................................... 124 5.1 Conceptual and methodological contribution
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