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Backwash Sediment Record of the 2009 South
Backwash sediment record of the 2009 South Pacific Tsunami and 1960 Great Chilean Earthquake Tsunami Brieuc Riou, Eric Chaumillon, Catherine Chagué, Pierre Sabatier, Jean-Luc Schneider, John-Patrick Walsh, Atun Zawadzki, Daniela Fierro To cite this version: Brieuc Riou, Eric Chaumillon, Catherine Chagué, Pierre Sabatier, Jean-Luc Schneider, et al.. Back- wash sediment record of the 2009 South Pacific Tsunami and 1960 Great Chilean Earthquake Tsunami. Scientific Reports, Nature Publishing Group, 2020, 10, pp.4149. 10.1038/s41598-020-60746-4. hal- 02544141 HAL Id: hal-02544141 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02544141 Submitted on 12 Mar 2021 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution - NoDerivatives| 4.0 International License www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Backwash sediment record of the 2009 South Pacifc Tsunami and 1960 Great Chilean Earthquake Tsunami Brieuc Riou1,2*, Eric Chaumillon1, Catherine Chagué3, Pierre Sabatier4, Jean-Luc Schneider2, John-Patrick Walsh5, Atun Zawadzki6 & Daniela Fierro6 Following recent tsunamis, most studies have focused on the onshore deposits, while the ofshore backwash deposits, crucial for a better understanding of the hydrodynamic processes during such events and ofering an opportunity for sedimentary archives of past tsunamis, have mostly been omitted. -
Pacific Study (Focusing on Fiji, Tonga and Vanuatu
1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1.1 Hazard exposure 1.1. Pacific island countries (PICs) are vulnerable to a broad range of natural disasters stemming from hydro-meteorological (such as cyclones, droughts, landslide and floods) and geo-physical hazards (volcanic eruptions, earthquakes and tsunamis). In any given year, it is likely that Fiji, Tonga and Vanuatu are either hit by, or recovering from, a major natural disaster. 1.2. The impact of natural disasters is estimated by the Pacific Catastrophe Risk Assessment and Financing Initiative as equivalent to an annualized loss of 6.6% of GDP in Vanuatu, and 4.3% in Tonga. For Fiji, the average asset losses due to tropical cyclones and floods are estimated at more than 5%. 1.3. In 2014, Tropical Cyclone (TC) Ian caused damage equivalent to 11% to Tonga's GDP. It was followed in 2018 by damage close to 38% of GDP from TC Gita. In 2015, category five TC Pam displaced 25% of Vanuatu's population and provoked damage estimated at 64% of GDP. In Fiji, Tropical Cyclone Winston affected 62% of the population and wrought damage amounting to 31% of GDP, only some three and a half years after the passage of Tropical Cyclone Evan. 1.4. Vanuatu and Tonga rank number one and two in global indices of natural disaster risk. Seismic hazard is an ever-present danger for both, together with secondary risks arising from tsunamis and landslides. Some 240 earthquakes, ranging in magnitude between 3.3 and 7.1 on the Richter Scale, struck Vanuatu and its surrounding region in the first ten months of 2018. -
Our Freshwater
State of the Environment report 2012 | Our freshwater Surface water quality OUR Northland has an extensive network of rivers flowing and muddy because the land is FRESHWATER and streams. None of them are considered dominated by deeply weathered geology and major on a national scale as Northland's fine clay soils. narrow land mass means most rivers are relatively short with small catchments. Most of Northland also has a large number of small, the major rivers flow into harbours, rather than shallow lakes and associated wetlands. Most discharging directly to the open coast which of these have been formed between stabilised means contaminants tend to take longer to sand dunes on the west coast. These dune disperse from these sheltered environments. lakes are grouped on the Aupōuri, Karikari and Poutō peninsulas. Most are between five and The Northern Wairoa River is Northland's 35 hectares in area and are generally less than largest river, draining a catchment area of 15 metres deep. However, Lake Taharoa of the 3650 square kilometres, or 29 percent of Kai Iwi group near Dargaville is one of the Northland's land area. largest and deepest dune lakes in New Zealand. It covers an area of 237ha and is 37m Flows in rivers vary considerably with rainfall deep. There are also a few volcanic and man- and high intensity storms causing flash floods, made lakes. Northland’s largest lake is Lake while prolonged dry spells lead to very low Ōmāpere, which is 1160ha in area and located flows in many smaller catchments. Northland’s to the north of Kaikohe. -
Logistics Capacity Assessment VANUATU
LCA - <VANUATU> Version 1.07,5 Logistics Capacity Assessment VANUATU Country Name VANUATU Official Name REPUBLIC of VANUATU Assessment Assessment Dates: From 19th January 2011 To 31st March 2011 Name of Assessor Florent Chané Title & Position Logistics Consultant Email contact [email protected] 1/106 LCA - <VANUATU> Version 1.07,5 1. Table of Contents 1. Table of Contents ............................................................................................................................................................... 2 2. Country Profile .................................................................................................................................................................... 3 2.1. Introduction & Background ....................................................................................................................................... 3 2.2. Humanitarian Background ........................................................................................................................................ 5 2.3. National Regulatory Departments/Bureau and Quality Control/Relevant Laboratories ...................................... 11 2.4. Customs Information ............................................................................................................................................... 11 3. Logistics Infrastructure ..................................................................................................................................................... 35 3.1. Port Assessment -
Title Layout
Disaster Risk Assessment and Recovery Utilizing Unmanned Aerial Vehicles in the Pacific Islands. The World Bank UAV4Resilience Project - Update Malcolm Archbold Consultant, World Bank 27 November 2019 Pacific Islands GIS & RS Conference 2019 Introduction Pacific Island nations are some of the most vulnerable to natural disasters • Cyclone Waka – 2001 – Tonga • Cyclone Heta – 2003 – Tonga, Niue, American Samoa • Cyclone Lin – 2008 – Fiji • Cyclone Wilma – 2010 – Solomon Islands, Tonga • Cyclone Ian – 2013 – Fiji, Tonga • Cyclone Pam – 2014 – Vanuatu • Cyclone Winston – 2016 – Fiji • Cyclone Gita – 2018 - Tonga Cyclone Ian, Vanuatu, Jan 2014 The World Bank UAV4Resilence Project • Assess the utility of UAVs in Disaster Management for the SW Pacific • Identify the potential cost-benefits of UAVs for disaster assessment • Develop Standard Operating Procedures for in country operations UAV4Resilence Project UAV Challenge Project – October 2017 Cyclone Gita – Feb 2018 – Tonga Cyclone Gita – 2018 – Tonga Cyclone Gita – 2018 – Tonga Cyclone Gita – 2018 – Tonga Cyclone Gita – 2018 – Tonga OpenAerialMap.org UAV Training and Capacity Building • Commence in May 2019 • Objectives: • Assist in procurement, training and capacity building • Involve Govt Disaster Management organisations and associated Govt Depts/Ministries • Facilitate cooperation and communication between Govt Depts and local Civil Aviation and Air Traffic Control authorities. DroneFlyer Course (2 days) Day 1 Day 2 • Civil Aviation PRAS/drone rules • Review of Day 1 • Airspace • Semi -
Pacific Disaster Risk Financing and Insurance Program
Pacific Disaster Risk Financing and Insurance Program PACIFIC CATASTROPHE RISK INSURANCE PILOT (PCRIP) COUNTRY CONSULTATION REPORT Prepared by Savenaca Narube Suva, Fiji, 2015 PCRIP Consultation Report © Secretariat of the Pacific Community (SPC) 2015 All rights for commercial/for profit reproduction or translation, in any form, reserved. SPC authorises the partial reproduction or translation of this material for scientific, educational or research purposes, provided that SPC and the source document are properly acknowledged. Permission to reproduce the document and/or translate in whole, in any form, whether for commercial/for profit or non-profit purposes, must be requested in writing. Original SPC artwork may not be altered or separately published without permission. Original text: English Secretariat of the Pacific Community cataloguing-in-publication data Narube, Savenaca Pacific Disaster Risk Financing and Insurance Program: Pacific Catastrophe Risk Insurance Pilot (PCRIP) – Country Consultation Report / prepared by Savenaca Narube 1. Risk management — Oceania. 2. Disasters — Oceania. 3. Environment — Oceania. 4. Risk management — Oceania. I. Narube, Savenaca II. Title III. Secretariat of the Pacific Community 577.22 AACR2 ISBN: 978-982-00-0920-2 ii PCRIP Consultation Report Contents Abbreviations ................................................................................................................................... iv Acknowledgements.......................................................................................................................... -
The Cyclone of 1936: the Most Destructive Storm of the Twentieth Century?
Weather and Climate (2000) 20: 23-28 23 THE CYCLONE OF 1936: THE MOST DESTRUCTIVE STORM OF THE TWENTIETH CENTURY? Erick Brenstrum MetService In late January 1936 a weakening tropical of New Zealand on the 31st and intensified cyclone moving towards New Zealand then crossed the North Island on the 2nd of interacted with a cold front over the north February. It was not assigned a name, as the Tasman Sea to form one of the deepest practice of routinely naming tropical cyclones depressions ever to cross the country. The did not begin until 1963. meteorological aspects of the depression were described in a report published by Barnett in FLOODING 1938. He did not describe in detail the destruction caused by the storm, limiting Heavy rain fell over the entire North Island himself to the comment" Graphic descriptions bringing most of the major rivers into flood. of the effects of the storm can be found in the The Mangakahia River in Northland rose 19 daily press for the few days following the 2nd metres at Titoki. Kaitaia main-street was February." flooded a metre deep and one man was The following article is a summary of the drowned there when a house was washed accounts in the newspapers, and shows that away as he was trying to retrieve a friend's this was probably the most destructive storm belongings. Another man was killed near to affect New Zealand during the twentieth Thames in the Coromandel when his hut was century. carried into a flooded stream by a slip. The tropical cyclone formed south of the In Whangerei almost 300 mm of rain fell in Solomon Islands on January 28 then moved 24 hours and floodwater ran through the southeast to pass between New Caledonia and business district tearing up footpaths and Vanuatu. -
Rapid Gender Analysis Cyclone Pam Vanuatu
Photo Tom Perry, CARE Australia Rapid Gender Analysis Cyclone Pam Vanuatu 7 April 2015 Cyclone Pam In the aftermath of Cyclone Pam, Vanuatu has declared a State of Emergency across all six provinces. Shelter, food, health and water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) are key needs. The United Nations estimates that the majority of Vanuatu’s population, spread over 22 islands, has been affected by Tropical Cyclone Pam. Understanding the impact of Cyclone Pam on women, men, boys and girls is crucial to deliver an effective response. CARE’s Rapid Gender Analysis of Cyclone Pam in Vanuatu analyses the different needs, capacities, and coping strategies of women, men, boys and girls. CARE’s Rapid Gender Analysis is built-up progressively; using a range of primary and secondary information to understand how gender roles and relations may change during a crisis. CARE’s Rapid Gender Analysis of Cyclone Pam, including its recommendations, will be revised as more information becomes available. Gender Relations: Secondary Data Review Like other Melanesian and Pacific countries, gender disparities in Vanuatu are significant. Vanuatu is a geographically spread out, linguistically and ethnically diverse archipelago with small population centres in isolated areas, which means reaching and providing services to all communities is costly and logistically challenging. 80% of ni-Vanuatu live in rural areas and 70% of the working population aged 15 years and over work in subsistence agriculture. Vanuatu can be characterized as a patriarchal society (although there are some matrilineal societies in some northern and central islands) in which women continue to face, at times severe inequalities, in all spheres of life: social, cultural, economic and political. -
The Pacific Experience in Developing Policy and Legislation on Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Change Adaptation
THE PACIFIC EXPERIENCE IN DEVELOPING POLICY AND LEGISLATION ON DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION The Pacific Experience in Developing Policy and Legislation on Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Change Adaptation 1 The Pacific Experience in Developing Policy and Legislation on Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Change Adaptation THE PACIFIC EXPERIENCE IN DEVELOPING POLICY AND LEGISLATION ON DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION Contents Glossary iv Chapter 1. Introduction 1 1.1 Scope of the study and acknowledgements 1 1.2 Background 1 1.3 Findings of the institutional and policy analysis on DRR and CCA in the Pacific 3 Chapter 2. Joint National Action Plans on Disaster Risk Management and Climate Change (JNAPs) – Regional Perspective 4 2.1 Background of the JNAPs 4 2.2 Intent to develop the JNAPs 5 2.3 Process to develop the JNAPs 6 2.4 Implementation of the JNAPs 7 Chapter 3. Country Studies – Tonga 10 3.1 Introduction 10 3.2 Joint National Action Plan on Climate Change Adaptation and Disaster Risk Management 2010-2015 10 3.3 Emergency Management Act (2007) 16 Chapter 4. Country Studies – Cook Islands 19 4.1. Introduction 19 4.2 Te Kaveinga Nui – National Sustainable Development Plan 2011-2015 19 4.3 Disaster Risk Management Act (2007) 23 Chapter 5. Country Studies – Solomon Islands 26 5.1 Introduction 26 5.2 Joint framework for resilient development 26 5.3 Process towards the joint framework for resilient development 27 Chapter 6. Conclusions 29 References 32 Annex 1: Interviewees 34 Annex 2: Interview -
1 Country Research on Natural Disasters And
COUNTRY RESEARCH ON NATURAL DISASTERS AND TRADE SUMMARY INTRODUCTION 1.1. On 26 April 2018, World Trade Organization (WTO) Members approved research funded by the Permanent Mission of Australia to study the impact of natural disasters on trade. The first stage of this work involved examination of the effects of natural disasters on the trade of some recently disaster-affected countries, together with trade policy issues arising. The research looked at the experience of six WTO Members in three regions. Country study one examined Dominica and Saint Lucia in the Caribbean, country study two looked at Nepal in South Asia and country study three surveyed Fiji, Tonga and Vanuatu in the Pacific. The research work was undertaken through a mixture of consultations with government and non-governmental organizations, together with desk research from published sources, including Trade Policy Reviews. 1.2. This note summarises the main findings of the three country research papers. A first section discusses natural hazards faced by the six Members together with the macroeconomic and trade impacts of recent natural disasters. Further sections deal with trade issues arising in disaster response, recovery and resilience among the same six recently disaster-affected WTO Members. NATURAL HAZARDS, MACROECONOMIC AND TRADE IMPACTS 1.3. Dominica, Fiji, Nepal, Saint Lucia, Tonga and Vanuatu face a range of hydro-meteorological hazards (e.g. drought, flooding, landslides and storms, including cyclones and hurricanes) and geo-physical risks (e.g. earthquakes, tsunami and volcanoes). To varying degrees, these events have curtailed economic growth, depressed exports and fuelled import growth, exerting pressure on the current account and debt levels. -
MASARYK UNIVERSITY BRNO Diploma Thesis
MASARYK UNIVERSITY BRNO FACULTY OF EDUCATION Diploma thesis Brno 2018 Supervisor: Author: doc. Mgr. Martin Adam, Ph.D. Bc. Lukáš Opavský MASARYK UNIVERSITY BRNO FACULTY OF EDUCATION DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE Presentation Sentences in Wikipedia: FSP Analysis Diploma thesis Brno 2018 Supervisor: Author: doc. Mgr. Martin Adam, Ph.D. Bc. Lukáš Opavský Declaration I declare that I have worked on this thesis independently, using only the primary and secondary sources listed in the bibliography. I agree with the placing of this thesis in the library of the Faculty of Education at the Masaryk University and with the access for academic purposes. Brno, 30th March 2018 …………………………………………. Bc. Lukáš Opavský Acknowledgements I would like to thank my supervisor, doc. Mgr. Martin Adam, Ph.D. for his kind help and constant guidance throughout my work. Bc. Lukáš Opavský OPAVSKÝ, Lukáš. Presentation Sentences in Wikipedia: FSP Analysis; Diploma Thesis. Brno: Masaryk University, Faculty of Education, English Language and Literature Department, 2018. XX p. Supervisor: doc. Mgr. Martin Adam, Ph.D. Annotation The purpose of this thesis is an analysis of a corpus comprising of opening sentences of articles collected from the online encyclopaedia Wikipedia. Four different quality categories from Wikipedia were chosen, from the total amount of eight, to ensure gathering of a representative sample, for each category there are fifty sentences, the total amount of the sentences altogether is, therefore, two hundred. The sentences will be analysed according to the Firabsian theory of functional sentence perspective in order to discriminate differences both between the quality categories and also within the categories. -
PHT Meeting Booklet
7th Pacific Humanitarian Team Regional Meeting 28-30 October 2014 Holiday Inn Suva, Fiji Contact UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) Regional Office for the Pacific Level 5, Kadavu House Victoria Parade, Suva, Fiji Email: [email protected] or [email protected] Phone: (679) 331 6760 Table of Contents Acronyms ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 4 Agenda at a glance .......................................................................................................................................................................... 5 Tuesday 28 October 2014............................................................................................................................................................. 5 Wednesday 29 October 2014 ....................................................................................................................................................... 6 Thursday 30 October 2014 ........................................................................................................................................................... 7 Introduction ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 8 About the Pacific Humanitarian Team Regional Meeting.............................................................................................................