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Reconciling Statism with Freedom: Turkey's Kurdish Opening
Reconciling Statism with Freedom Turkey’s Kurdish Opening Halil M. Karaveli SILK ROAD PAPER October 2010 Reconciling Statism with Freedom Turkey’s Kurdish Opening Halil M. Karaveli © Central Asia-Caucasus Institute & Silk Road Studies Program – A Joint Transatlantic Research and Policy Center Johns Hopkins University-SAIS, 1619 Massachusetts Ave. NW, Washington, D.C. 20036 Institute for Security and Development Policy, V. Finnbodav. 2, Stockholm-Nacka 13130, Sweden www.silkroadstudies.org “Reconciling Statism with Freedom: Turkey’s Kurdish Opening” is a Silk Road Paper published by the Central Asia-Caucasus Institute and the Silk Road Studies Program. The Silk Road Papers Series is the Occasional Paper series of the Joint Center, and ad- dresses topical and timely subjects. The Joint Center is a transatlantic independent and non-profit research and policy center. It has offices in Washington and Stockholm and is affiliated with the Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies of Johns Hopkins University and the Stockholm-based Institute for Security and Development Policy. It is the first institution of its kind in Europe and North America, and is firmly established as a leading research and policy center, serving a large and diverse commu- nity of analysts, scholars, policy-watchers, business leaders, and journalists. The Joint Center is at the forefront of research on issues of conflict, security, and development in the region. Through its applied research, publications, research cooperation, public lec- tures, and seminars, it functions as a focal point for academic, policy, and public dis- cussion regarding the region. The opinions and conclusions expressed in this study are those of the authors only, and do not necessarily reflect those of the Joint Center or its sponsors. -
Who's Who in Politics in Turkey
WHO’S WHO IN POLITICS IN TURKEY Sarıdemir Mah. Ragıp Gümüşpala Cad. No: 10 34134 Eminönü/İstanbul Tel: (0212) 522 02 02 - Faks: (0212) 513 54 00 www.tarihvakfi.org.tr - [email protected] © Tarih Vakfı Yayınları, 2019 WHO’S WHO IN POLITICS IN TURKEY PROJECT Project Coordinators İsmet Akça, Barış Alp Özden Editors İsmet Akça, Barış Alp Özden Authors Süreyya Algül, Aslı Aydemir, Gökhan Demir, Ali Yalçın Göymen, Erhan Keleşoğlu, Canan Özbey, Baran Alp Uncu Translation Bilge Güler Proofreading in English Mark David Wyers Book Design Aşkın Yücel Seçkin Cover Design Aşkın Yücel Seçkin Printing Yıkılmazlar Basın Yayın Prom. ve Kağıt San. Tic. Ltd. Şti. Evren Mahallesi, Gülbahar Cd. 62/C, 34212 Bağcılar/İstanbull Tel: (0212) 630 64 73 Registered Publisher: 12102 Registered Printer: 11965 First Edition: İstanbul, 2019 ISBN Who’s Who in Politics in Turkey Project has been carried out with the coordination by the History Foundation and the contribution of Heinrich Böll Foundation Turkey Representation. WHO’S WHO IN POLITICS IN TURKEY —EDITORS İSMET AKÇA - BARIŞ ALP ÖZDEN AUTHORS SÜREYYA ALGÜL - ASLI AYDEMİR - GÖKHAN DEMİR ALİ YALÇIN GÖYMEN - ERHAN KELEŞOĞLU CANAN ÖZBEY - BARAN ALP UNCU TARİH VAKFI YAYINLARI Table of Contents i Foreword 1 Abdi İpekçi 3 Abdülkadir Aksu 6 Abdullah Çatlı 8 Abdullah Gül 11 Abdullah Öcalan 14 Abdüllatif Şener 16 Adnan Menderes 19 Ahmet Altan 21 Ahmet Davutoğlu 24 Ahmet Necdet Sezer 26 Ahmet Şık 28 Ahmet Taner Kışlalı 30 Ahmet Türk 32 Akın Birdal 34 Alaattin Çakıcı 36 Ali Babacan 38 Alparslan Türkeş 41 Arzu Çerkezoğlu -
The Kurdish Nationalist Movement and External Influences
Calhoun: The NPS Institutional Archive Theses and Dissertations Thesis Collection 1980-12 The Kurdish nationalist movement and external influences Disney, Donald Bruce, Jr. Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School http://hdl.handle.net/10945/17624 '";. Vi , *V ^y NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL Monterey, California THESIS THE KURDISH NATIONALIST MOVEMENT AND EXTERNAL INFLUENCES by Donald Bruce Disney, Jr. December 1980 The sis Advisor: J. W. Amos, II Approved for Public Release; Distribution Unlimited T19 «—,rob J Unclassified "wi.fy * N°* StCUHlTY CLASSIFICATION r>* THIS »>GI '•*>•« D«t Knlmrmd) READ INSTRUCTIONS REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE BEFORE COMPLETING FORM •f*OAT NUMlf* 2. OOVT ACCCUION MO. J MKCl»lCNT'S CATALOG NUMBER. 4 TiTlE ,«.*Ju »mH) s. TY*e of neponT * rewoo covcncd The Kurdish Nationalist Movement Master's Thesis; and External Influences December 1980 * »I»ro»l»INQ owe. «I»OKT NUMIIR 7. AuTmO*><*> • contract o« chant HumUtnf) Donald Bruce Disney, Jr., LCDR, USN * RfBFORMINO OWOANI2ATION NAME AND >QD*tii tO. *«OG*AM CLEMENT. RBOjECT. T as* AREA * «OMK UNIT NUDUM Naval Postgraduate School Monterey, California 93940 M CONTROLLING OFFICE NAME ANO ADDRESS 12. MFOUT DATE Naval Postgraduate School December, 1980 Monterey, California 93940 II. MUMBER O' WAGES 238 TT MONITORING AGENCY NAME A AOORESSfll if>'M*ml Ifmm Controlling Ottlc*) It- SICURITY CLASS. <al Iftlm report) Naval Postgraduate School Unclassified Monterey, California 93940 Im DECLASSIFICATION/ DOWNGRADING SCHEDULE l«. DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT (of Ihlt *•»•»!) Approved for public release; distribution unlimited 17 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT at (»• •*•„•«( rnrnfm** In #I»c* 20, // dittfmt rrmm Mf rt) IE. SUFFLCMCNTARY NOTES '» KEY *O*0l (Continue em remem »!<*• It r\eceeeiy em* itemttty m, ilect IHMHMMP Kurds, Kurdish Nationalism, Kurdish Revolts, Kurdish Political Parties, Mullah Mustafa Barzani, Sheikh Ezzedin, Abdul Rahman Qassemlu, Turkey, Iran, Iraq, UK, U.S., U.S.S.R., Israel, PLO, Armenians 20. -
Mustafa Kemal Atatürk 1 Mustafa Kemal Atatürk
Mustafa Kemal Atatürk 1 Mustafa Kemal Atatürk Mustafa Kemal Atatürk [[file:MustafaKemalAtaturk.jpg alt=]] President Atatürk 1st President of Turkey In office 29 October 1923 – 10 November 1938 (15 years, 12 days) Prime Minister Ali Fethi Okyar İsmet İnönü Celâl Bayar Succeeded by İsmet İnönü 1st Prime Minister of Turkey In office 3 May 1920 – 24 January 1921 (0 years, 266 days) Succeeded by Fevzi Çakmak 1st Speaker of the Parliament of Turkey In office 24 April 1920 – 29 October 1923 (3 years, 219 days) Succeeded by Ali Fethi Okyar 1st Leader of the Republican People's Party In office 9 September 1923 – 10 November 1938 (15 years, 62 days) Succeeded by İsmet İnönü Personal details Born 19 May 1881 (Conventional. This date was adopted by the president himself for official purposes in the absence of precise knowledge concerning the real date.)Salonica, Ottoman Empire (present-day Thessaloniki, Greece) Died 10 November 1938 (aged 57)Dolmabahçe Palace Istanbul, Turkey Resting place Anıtkabir Ankara, Turkey Nationality Turkish Political party Committee of Union and Progress, Republican People's Party Spouse(s) Lâtife Uşaklıgil (1923–25) Religion See Mustafa Kemal Atatürk's religious views. Signature Military service Mustafa Kemal Atatürk 2 Allegiance Ottoman Empire (1893 – 8 July 1919) Republic of Turkey (9 July 1919 – 30 June 1927) Army Service/branch Rank Ottoman Empire: General (Pasha) Republic of Turkey: Mareşal (Marshal) Commands 19th Division – 16th Corps – 2nd Army – 7th Army – Yildirim Army Group – commander-in-chief of Army of the -
Science Versus Religion: the Influence of European Materialism on Turkish Thought, 1860-1960
Science versus Religion: The Influence of European Materialism on Turkish Thought, 1860-1960 Dissertation Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Serdar Poyraz, M.A. Graduate Program in History The Ohio State University 2010 Dissertation Committee: Carter V. Findley, Advisor Jane Hathaway Alan Beyerchen Copyright By Serdar Poyraz 2010 i Abstract My dissertation, entitled “Science versus Religion: The Influence of European Materialism on Turkish Thought, 1860-1960,” is a radical re-evaluation of the history of secularization in the Ottoman Empire and Turkey. I argue that European vulgar materialist ideas put forward by nineteenth-century intellectuals and scientists such as Ludwig Büchner (1824-1899), Karl Vogt (1817-1895) and Jacob Moleschott (1822-1893) affected how Ottoman and Turkish intellectuals thought about religion and society, ultimately paving the way for the radical reforms of Kemal Atatürk and the strict secularism of the early Turkish Republic in the 1930s. In my dissertation, I challenge traditional scholarly accounts of Turkish modernization, notably those of Bernard Lewis and Niyazi Berkes, which portray the process as a Manichean struggle between modernity and tradition resulting in a linear process of secularization. On the basis of extensive research in modern Turkish, Ottoman Turkish and Persian sources, I demonstrate that the ideas of such leading westernizing and secularizing thinkers as Münif Pasha (1830-1910), Beşir Fuad (1852-1887) and Baha Tevfik (1884-1914) who were inspired by European materialism provoked spirited religious, philosophical and literary responses from such conservative anti-materialist thinkers as Şehbenderzade ii Ahmed Hilmi (1865-1914), Said Nursi (1873-1960) and Ahmed Hamdi Tanpınar (1901- 1962). -
Turkey's Kurdish Question: Opportunities And
ISSN 2029-9370. REGIONAL FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT STUDIES, No. 2 (31) TURKEY’S KURDISH QUESTION: OPPORTUNITIES AND PREDICAMENTS Cihat Yilmaz1 Vytautas Magnus University (Lithuania) AbstrACt since the foundation of the republic of turkey, the Kurdish question has been the biggest ethnic issue of turkey which became one of the important subjects in the agenda of turkey and international organizations. the question has certain impacts on the stability of the country that is today being associated with security and terror issues. Consequently the Kurdish question challenges the state and the country in the aspects of ethnic problems, human rights, democracy, as well as socio-economic and political. the aim of this article is to uncover how the Kurdish question challenges the stability in terms of turkish state and the Kurds. In this regard, the re- search engages several objectives; evaluations of approaches toward Kurdish issue, analyzing historical background, and evaluation of the issue in the present time. research methods of the paper consists of comparative analysis of decision, document analysis on the reports and agreements, descriptive method on the developments, and media analysis to engage relevant news. the main results of the research are concluded on variety aspects of the Kurdish question, such as security, terrorism, minority issue, human rights, and so on. thus, it creates certain impacts on the stability in turkey both in terms of state and the Kurds regionally and internationally. KeY words: Turkey, Kurds, PKK, Ocalan, AKP JeL Codes: K1, d74, d78 doI: Introduction Kurds are known to be the biggest ethnic group without state in the world. -
Ahmad, Chnor Jaafar (2019) the Dilemma of Kurdish Nationalism As a Result of International Treaties and Foreign Occupations Between the Years 1850 to 1930
Ahmad, Chnor Jaafar (2019) The dilemma of Kurdish nationalism as a result of international treaties and foreign occupations between the years 1850 to 1930. MPhil(R) thesis. https://theses.gla.ac.uk/41171/ Copyright and moral rights for this work are retained by the author A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge This work cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the author The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the author When referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given Enlighten: Theses https://theses.gla.ac.uk/ [email protected] University of Glasgow College of Arts Graduate School THE DILEMMA OF KURDISH NATIONALISM AS A RESULT OF INTERNATIONAL TREATIES AND FOREIGN OCCUPATIONS BETWEEN THE YEARS 1850 TO 1930 By Chnor Jaafar Ahmad Supervisor: Dr Michael Rapport A thesis submitted to the University of Glasgow in fulfillment of the requirement of the Degree of Master of Philosophy, April 2019. i TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ............................................................................................ iv THESIS ABSTRACT .................................................................................................... v ABBREVIATIONS .................................................................................................... -
WOCMES Programme.Pdf
Contents / Sommaire Message of Welcome from the President of the Middle East Technical University/ ................. 5 Bienvenue de l’honorable Président de L’université Technique du Moyen-Orient Message of Welcome from the Local Organising Committee Partners/ ................................... 7 Message de Bienvenue du Comité Organisateur Middle East Technical University / L’université Technique du Moyen-Orient ............................. 9 Turkish Social Sciences Association / L’Association Turque des Sciences Sociales ................ 11 General Information / Informations Générales ......................................................................... 13 WOCMES Committees / Comités WOCMES ............................................................................... 23 • Organizing Committee / Comité Organisateur .................................................................................. 24 • Advisory Scientific Committee / Comité Scientifique Assesseur ...................................................... 25 • List of Volunteers / Liste des Volontaires .......................................................................................... 28 • WOCMES International Advisory Council / Conseil International Assesseur WOCMES .................. 29 Calendar of Activities / Calendrier D’activités ............................................................................ 34 Programme of Academic Activities / Programme D’activités Académiques ............................ 55 Poster Exhibition / Présentation D’affiches ............................................................................ -
Les Révoltes Au Kurdistan De Turquie (1919-1938)1
1 Les révoltes au Kurdistan de Turquie (1919-1938) 1 Gilles Dorronsoro, Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne Les révoltes qui ont eu lieu dans les régions kurdes de Turquie durant les deux premières décennies de la république (1919-1938) sont d’ampleur variable, mais leur coût financier et diplomatique est considérable pour la jeune république turque. De plus, leur répression a un rôle dans l’évolution autoritaire du régime kémaliste et entraîne une méfiance durable entre la population kurde et l’Etat. Leur interprétation pose une série de questions: pourquoi des révoltes au Kurdistan aussi tardives, alors qu’ailleurs le gouvernement kémaliste est parvenu à asseoir son autorité? Pourquoi la population se révolte-t-elle contre l’Etat ? Quel rôle la répression joue-t-elle dans l’éclatement des révoltes et leur évolution ? Forment-elles un ensemble ou des événements à expliquer au cas par cas? Les sources originales sont relativement rares et parfois peu fiables, ce qui favorise les interprétations divergentes. En effet, dans la plupart des cas, il n’y a pas ou peu de témoins extérieurs et les témoignages de nationalistes kurdes ou d’agents de l’Etat, souvent recueillis bien après les évènements, ont une évidente dimension apologétique. Loin d’être seulement historique, le débat sur les révoltes kurdes est surdéterminé par les enjeux politiques contemporains. L’interprétation des révoltes des années trente comme héritières de celles du XIXième siècle et prémisses de celles des années 1970 fait partie d’une stratégie de légitimation du nationalisme kurde. A l’inverse, l’historiographie plus officielle met en avant la manipulation extérieure (britannique) 2 ou l’«arriération» des Kurdes pour donner des événements une lecture essentiellement infra-politique et, plus récemment, pour labelliser les nationalistes kurdes comme terroristes. -
Kurmanji Kurdish— a Reference Grammar with Selected Readings
—Kurmanji Kurdish— A Reference Grammar with Selected Readings W. M. Thackston ii CONTENTS PHONOLOGY Alphabet and sounds ......................................................................................1 The aspirated and unaspirated stops...............................................................3 Stress ..............................................................................................................4 Orthographic variants.....................................................................................4 Doubled consonants .......................................................................................4 The furtive i....................................................................................................4 SUBSTANTIVES § 1. The Noun.................................................................................................7 § 1.1. Gender..................................................................................................7 § 1.2. Inflection ..............................................................................................7 § 2. Demonstrative Adjectives and Her ‘Every’............................................9 § 3. The Indefinite State ...............................................................................10 § 4. The Primary Construct Case .................................................................11 § 4.1 The Adjectival Construct ....................................................................12 § 5. The Secondary Construct: The Construct Extender..............................14 -
Mt. Ararat (1930), and Dersim (1937-8): Their Impact on the Development of the Turkish Air Force and on Kurdish and Turkish Nationalism
the kurdish rebellions of sheikh said 67 THE KURDISH REBELLIONS OF SHEIKH SAID (1925), MT. ARARAT (1930), AND DERSIM (1937-8): THEIR IMPACT ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE TURKISH AIR FORCE AND ON KURDISH AND TURKISH NATIONALISM BY ROBERT OLSON Kentucky The Sheikh Said rebellion of 1925, the Mt. Ararat revolt of 1930 and the Dersim rebellion of 1937-38 were significant developments in the history of modern Turkish and Kurdish nationalism.1 In this article I argue that the rebellions also contributed to the develop- ment of Turkey’s air force (TAF) which was to be used as an instrument to control, suppress and eradicate Kurdish national- ism. The suppression of Sheikh Said’s rebellion dealt a severe blow to Kurdish nationalism in Turkey and its potential growth in Iraq and Iran. It contributed to squashing Kurdish nationalism in northwestern Iran by Reza Khan and to British restraining of Kurdish nationalism in northern Iraq. It should be noted that the suppression of the Kurds in Iran after 1925 by Reza Khan was accomplished in part by the use of the nascent Iranian Air Force. In Iraq the British Royal Force (RAF) was instrumental in Great Britain’s conquest of Iraq during WW I and its occupation of that country until 1958. I argue in this article that the development of the TAF from 1925 onward played an important role in the ability of the Turkish state to further consolidate its ideology of Turkish nationalism vis 1 For details of the Sheikh Said rebellion see my, The Emergence of Kurdish Nationalism and the Sheikh Said Rebellion: 1880-1925 (Austin: University of Texas Press, 1989), especially pp. -
Süleyman Nazif1
Türkiyat Mecmuası Journal of Turkology c. 28/2, 2018: 19-36. ISSN: 0085-7432 / E-ISSN: 2651-3188 GeliĢ Tarihi/Received: 03.04.2018 Kabul Tarihi/Accepted: 11.08.2018 DOĠ: 10.18345/iuturkiyat.497566 MALTA SÜRGÜNÜNDE BİR ŞAİR: SÜLEYMAN NAZİF1 Kemal EROL* ÖZ Servet-i Fünûn edebiyatının Ģöhretli yazar, Ģair ve gazetecilerinden Süleyman Nazif (1869-1927), II. MeĢrutiyet döneminin de önde gelen Ģahsiyetleri arasında yer alır. ġair, bu edebî ekolün içinde yer alsa da söz konusu edebiyat çevresinin ferdîliğinden uzak, toplumcu bir duruĢ sergiler. Mütareke yıllarında vatanın dertlerine çare bulma, yok oluĢa sürüklenen ülkesini ayakta tutmak için eserleriyle millî bir uyanıĢ sağlama gayretindedir. 9 ġubat 1919 tarihli Hâdisât gazetesinde yayımladığı “Kara Bir Gün” baĢlıklı yazısı ve 1920'de düzenlenen bir anma toplantısındaki konuĢması nedeniyle Ġstanbul'u iĢgal eden Ġngilizler tarafından tutuklanarak Malta‟ya gönderilir. 1920'de Osmanlı Devleti'ni parçalamaya dönük önceden hazırlanmıĢ proje kapsamında Süleyman Nazif'ten baĢka Malta‟ya sürgün edilenler arasında subay, devlet adamı, Ģair ve yazarlardan oluĢan 146 Türk aydını yer alır. Ġttihatçı siyasi yapıyla iliĢkili görüldükleri için tutuklanan bu fikir ve siyaset adamları içinde Türk edebiyatında yazar ve Ģair olarak tanınan Ziya Gökalp, Hüseyin Cahit Yalçın, Aka Gündüz, Celâl Nuri Ġleri ve Ahmet Emin Yalman gibi ünlü Ģahsiyetler de vardır. Süleyman Nazif, 20 ay sürgün hayatını yaĢadığı bu adada millî ve vatanî konulara, sürgün ve gurbet psikolojisine geniĢ yer veren yazılar kaleme alır. Bunlardan bazıları, Malta Geceleri adlı Ģiir kitabında toplanır. Bu çalıĢmanın amacı, millî mücadele yıllarında yaĢanan Malta sürgünlerinin tarihsel arka planı içinde Süleyman Nazif'in siyasi ve edebî konumunu belirlemek; eserlerine yansıyan ülkenin iĢgal altındaki durumu ile ilgili öfke ve isyanına, çözüme iliĢkin siyasi düĢüncelerini tespit etmek ve sürgün mekânı yabancı iklimin kendi ruh dünyası üzerindeki etkilerine ıĢık tutmaktır.