Annual Report 2005/06

1 Editorial Contents

Rector‘s Welcome ...... 4 Editor: Contributors: Preface ...... 5 Introduction Detlef Junker Cesar N. Caviedes Mission Statement ...... 8 Vasiliki Christou Foundation and Development of the HCA ...... 8 Alexander Emmerich Organization and Staff ...... 9 Editorial Staff: William Funk HCA Board of Directors ...... 10 Philipp Gassert Future Plans ...... 12 Anthony Santoro Pierre Hagedorn Daniel Sommer Robert Jewett An Institute for Higher Education James Sparks Richard Lehne The Master of Arts in American Studies (MAS) ...... 16 Anne Lübbers MAS Course Outline ...... 17 Dirk Lutschewitz MAS Teaching Staff ...... 36 Layout: Wilfried Mausbach MAS Class of 2005 ...... 44 Eike Messow MAS Social Activities ...... 51 Bernhard Pompeÿ Thorsten Reuter Excursion to the U.S.A...... 55 Christiane Rösch Special Feature Frederike von Sassen Unipolar Folly? Disfunctional Visions across the Atlantic ...... 62 Heidelberg Center James Sparks for American Studies (HCA) Alexander Vazansky A Center for Advanced Research Schillerstraße 4-8 Ole Wangerin The HCA Spring Academy ...... 72 D-69115 Heidelberg Rebekka Weinel Research Project “Enemy Mine: US-GDR Relations, 1949-1989“...... 81 T +49 6221 / 79 634 0 IFK Protest ...... 83 F +49 6221 / 79 634 29 Research Fellows at the HCA 2004/05 ...... 86 [email protected] Selected Publications ...... 90 www.hca.uni-heidelberg.de A Forum for Public Debate Lecture Series “Typisch Amerikanisch” ...... 96 Guest Lectures ...... 102 MAS Commencement 2005 ...... 105 Best Buddies in Heidelberg ...... 108 60th Anniversary of the End of World War II ...... 110 620th Anniversary of the University of Heidelberg ...... 111

Further Activities Fundraising ...... 114 The Alumni-Network for American Studies ...... 115 Media Coverage ...... 116 © Heidelberg Center for American Studies (HCA) 2005. All rights reserved. Cooperation and Support ...... 116 The HCA Annual Report is published yearly and is available free of charge. The New Corporate Design ...... 116

2 3 Rector‘s Welcome Preface

Dear Reader, Dear friends, colleagues, and students,

With the creation of the Heidelberg Center for American Studies (HCA), the It is a great privilege and pleasure to present the second Annual Report University of Heidelberg realized the long held vision of merging various ac- of the Heidelberg Center for American Studies. The Report, which covers tivities related to the United States in different departments of the Ruperto the academic year 2004/2005, will present an overview of the HCA’s many Carola into one disciplinary effort, and has thus helped to draw more atten- activities in the past year, as well as provide a glimpse into the future. tion to the field of American Studies. In October 2005, one year following The HCA team is proud of all that was accomplished last year, and we look the inauguration of the Heidelberg Center for American Studies, the MAS forward to the new challenges that await us in 2006. class of 2005 successfully celebrated its graduation commencement cere- The institute has big plans for the coming year, especially our move to a mony, and the University welcomed the class of 2006. The administration new residence, the “Curt and Heidemarie Engelhorn Palais,” situated near of the University takes pride in the fact that the number of applicants for University Square. The University of Heidelberg and the HCA are extremely the HCA’s Master of Arts program continues to steadily rise, and that once grateful to the Engelhorn family, for it was largely due to their help and again the incoming MAS candidates exemplify a high level of international contributions that this new house at the Ruperto Carola, which will be dedi- diversity and expertise. cated to enhanced research and higher education, came into existence. The University of Heidelberg has a rich history of many long-standing Of course, we are also tremendously thankful to other sponsors that have and strong ties with the United States, and is determined to do its part in greatly contributed to the success of the HCA, who are named in the follo- building a Heidelberg bridge across the Atlantic. In addition, the University wing report. Without the generous support of our patrons and sponsors of Heidelberg is planning the creation of academic branches in the United the development of the HCA would not have been possible. States. With the support of our American partners, the University hopes In the academic field, we have reason to hope that the HCA and the Uni- to open the first “Heidelberg House” on American soil as early as next year. versity of Heidelberg will offer a PhD in American Studies, beginning in the The HCA’s excellent reputation, which the institute has been able to estab- academic year 2006/2007. In October 2006, the first of three international lish in such a short period of time, will undoubtedly facilitate negotiations conferences, generously sponsored by Manfred Lautenschläger, will take in this effort. place. The first conference will focus on the following topic: “State and Market in a Globalized World. Transatlantic Perspectives.” Kindest regards, Sincerely yours,

Prof. Dr. Peter Hommelhoff Prof. Dr. Detlef Junker, Rector of the University of Heidelberg Founding Director of the Heidelberg Center for American Studies

4 5 6 7 Mission Statement were underway when the HCA began organizing tional network of Ph.D. students in the field of the second series of its “Typically American” American Studies. The Heidelberg Center for American Studies (HCA) is a central aca- lectures spanning the winter semester 2003/04. In the spring of 2004 the University of Heidelberg demic facility of the Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg. As an In December 2003, the HCA moved into its new and the Ministry of Science, Research, and the intellectual center dedicated to the study of the United States, the and current premises in Heidelberg’s beautiful Arts of the State of Baden-Württemberg appro- HCA serves as an interdisciplinary institute for higher education, as Weststadt. ved the regulations governing the new MAS as a center for advanced research, and as a forum for public debate. well as the statute of the HCA. In April 2004, the HCA hosted its first major Founded in 2003, the HCA is well on its way to becoming one of the conference, the HCA Spring Academy 2004 On October 20, 2004, the HCA was officially leading centers for American Studies in Europe. It strives to provide on American history, culture, and politics. 26 inaugurated as a central academic institution of excellent research and education opportunities for international European and American Ph.D. students from ten the University of Heidelberg. Simultaneously, the scholars and students. In addition, the HCA strengthens the profile countries and six academic disciplines participa- first class of the MAS program enrolled. of the University of Heidelberg as one of Germany’s finest academic ted in this conference. The Spring Academy has institutions. become a yearly event and is already succeeding in its principal aim of establishing an interna- Building on long-standing ties between Heidelberg and the United States, the HCA fosters interdisciplinary and intercultural exchange across the Atlantic.

The University of Heidelberg’s 620-year-old tradition of excellence, Organization and Staff its international reputation, and its strong record in the study of the United States combine to create the ideal environment for the HCA. As a central academic facility of the University Dr. Philipp Gassert received his Ph.D. from of Heidelberg the HCA is not a member of any Heidelberg in 1996 and his postdoctoral degree single department, but is directly affiliated with of Habilitation in 2004. From 1994 until 1999, the Rector’s Office. he was a Research Fellow at the GHI in Washing- ton, D.C. Until 2004 he was Assistant Professor The HCA is headed by its Board of Directors. of History (Wissenschaftlicher Assistent) at the Daily business is managed by HCA Founding Di- University of Heidelberg, where he now teaches Foundation and Development of the HCA rector, Professor Detlef Junker, and its Managing as Associate Professor (Privatdozent). Director, Dr. Philipp Gassert. In January 2002, a group of Heidelberg profes- After one year of planning, the HCA opened a Dr. Gassert will serve as Visiting Professor at the sors and administrators set up an interdisciplinary small office in May 2003. The HCA carried on Prof. Junker has been teaching as Professor University of Munich during the winter semester initiative with the aim of establishing the HCA. with developing the conceptual design of the of Modern History at Heidelberg since 1975. 2005/6. Until his return, Dr. Wilfried Mausbach, The most important expression of their efforts MAS and the initial layout for future research Between 1994 and 1999, Junker served as also a former research fellow at the GHI and most was a new postgraduate studies program: the projects and conferences. Director of the German Historical Institute (GHI) recently Volkswagen Foundation fellow at the Master of Arts in American Studies (MAS). To in Washington, D.C. After returning to Heidelberg history department in Heidelberg, will assume his raise public awareness of its activities, the HCA Ten departments from six faculties committed in 1999, he became the first Curt Engelhorn duties. initiative organized its first public lecture series, themselves to the program: American Literature, Chair for American History at the University of “Typically American,” during the winter term Economics, Geography, History, Musicology, Phi- Heidelberg. Project Managers Christiane Rösch, M.A., and 2002/03, which soon attracted a broad audience. losophy, Political Science, Law, Religious Studies, Alexander Emmerich, M.A., are responsible for and Sociology. Further administrative initiatives the coordination of the MAS program.

8 INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION 9 They are supported by Alexander Vazansky, M.A. is responsible for Public Relations and Rebekka trative Director of the Forschungszentrum für der räumlichen Dimension.” He also is co-editor and Ole Wangerin. Weinel for Fundraising. IT-infrastructure and Internationale und Interdisziplinäre Theologie in of the “Lexikon der Geographie (Vol. 1-4).” From services are managed by Sebastian Werner and Heidelberg. Welker is co-editor of “The End of the 2001 to 2002 Meusburger was a member of the Research Assistants Anne Lübbers and Elena Bastian Rieck, who replaced Matthias Kirchner. World and the Ends of God. Sciences and Theolo- Board of Directors of the Verband der Geogra- Matveeva were the 2005 Spring Academy team. Vasiliki Christou, LL.M., and Frederike von Sassen gy on Eschatology” (2002), and the third edition phen an deutschen Hochschulen (VGDH) and are part of the team organizing the conference of his work “Gottes Geist. Theologie des Heiligen served as President of the Deutschen Gesellschaft Noemi Huber, Ass.Jur., and Claudia Müller, M.A., series “Varieties of Democratic Order.” Geistes” was published in 2005. für Geographie (DGfG) from 2002 to 2003. are in charge of administrative matters and accounting. Social events are organized by Sophie In October and November 2005 the HCA offered Professor Winfried Brugger, representative of the Professor Dieter Schulz is the representative of Lorenz. Holly Uhl was responsible for translations two internships. Sarah Wagenblast assisted the Faculty of Law, holds the Chair for Public Law the Faculty of Modern Languages and holds until August 2005 and has now been replaced incoming MAS students during the orientation and Philosophy of Law. He is a member of the the Chair for American Literature and Culture at by James Sparks. Anthony Santoro has joined the period. Tobias Rodemerk assisted in compiling German-American Lawyers’ Association (DAJV) the Institute for English and American Philolo- HCA as English language editor. Daniel Sommer the report on the HCA excursion to the American and has published numerous monographs and gy in Heidelberg. Among his most important West. articles on Anglo-American law, including “Ein- publications are his works “Amerikanischer führung in das Öffentliche Recht der USA” and Transzendentalismus” (2002) and “Suche und “Freiheit und Sicherheit. Eine staatliche Skizze mit Abenteuer,” in which he analyses English and praktischen Beispielen.” Brugger has taught as American narrative forms during the Romantic a guest professor in Houston; Washington, D.C.; Period. Schulz’s teachings focus on 20th century HCA Board of Directors and San Francisco. American literature. During the winter semester of 2003/04, Schulz held his lecture on American On January 5, 2005, the Board of Directors of the history of transatlantic relations, and the Theory Professor Manfred G. Schmidt represents the literature as part of the HCA’s M.A in American Heidelberg Center for American Studies (HCA) of Historical Science. His most important recent Faculty of Economics and Social Sciences. He is Studies program. convened for the first time. The Board consists publications include the handbook “The United the Executive Director of the Institute for Political of members from the six faculties that contribute States and Germany in the Era of the Cold War Science (IPW) at the University of Heidelberg, Prof. Manfred Berg represents the Faculty of to the HCA. These are the Faculties of Chemistry 1945-1990,” which he edited, and his monograph where he has been teaching since 2000. He has Philosophy. He was appointed Curt Engelhorn and Earth Sciences; Economics; Law; Modern “Power and Mission,” which was published published comparative studies on social policies Chair for American History at the University of Languages; Philosophy; and Theology. The six in 2003. On May 29, 2005, Detlef Junker was and the welfare state in Europe and the USA Heidelberg in October, 2005. From 1992 to 1997, representatives adopted the proposal of Prof. Dr. awarded an Honorary Doctorate of the University in both English and German. Among his most Berg worked for the German Historical Institute Hommelhoff, Rector of the University of Heidel- of Maryland University College Europe (UMUC) in important publications is his benchmark work in Washington, D.C., and after completing his berg, and named Professor Detlef Junker Foun- Heidelberg. Junker was recognized for his com- “Wörterbuch zur Politik” and “Political Instituti- Habilitation in 1998 taught at the Universities of ding Director. Professors Winfried Brugger and mitment to fostering German-American dialogue ons in the Federal Republic of Germany” (2003). Berlin und Cologne. Berg also has served as head Michael Welker were named Assistant Directors. and cross-cultural understanding. of the Zentrum für USA-Studien of the Leucorea Professor of Geography Peter Meusburger, Foundation of the Martin Luther University Halle- Detlef Junker taught Modern History from 1975 Professor Michael Welker represents the Faculty representative of the Faculty of Chemistry and Wittenberg. The foci of his research and teaching to 1994 and held the Curt Engelhorn Chair for of Theology on the Board. He teaches syste- Earth Sciences, has been teaching Economic, are 20th century American History and Foreign American History at the University of Heidelberg matic theology with a focus on new theories in Social, and Educational Geography at the Uni- Policy and Minority Studies. He is the author from 1999 to 2004. Junker was the Director of Anglo-American Theology at the University of versity of Heidelberg since 1983. In numerous of “The Ticket to Freedom: The NAACP and the the German Historical Institute in Washington, Heidelberg. Welker has served as Director of the studies, Meusburger has examined the educa- Struggle for Black Political Integration” (2005) D.C., from 1994 to 1999. The foci of his research Internationales Wissenschaftsforum Heidelberg tional situation of ethnic minorities in the U.S. and is co-editor of „Deutschland und die USA in are U.S. Foreign Policy in the 20th Century, since 1996. He taught at both Harvard and The culmination of his work in this area is his der internationalen Geschichte des 20.Jahrhun- German History, International Relations and the Princeton Universities and currently is Adminis- “Bildungsgeographie. Wissen und Ausbildung in derts“ (2004).

10 INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION 11 Future Plans

In the summer of 2006 the HCA will move into its Peter Wild (Rudolf Wild Gmbh & Co., KG) have new offices located in a historic building in the agreed to serve on the HCA’s Board of Trustees. old city center of Heidelberg. Further plans include the addition of B.A. and We are pleased to announce that Dr. Martin Ph.D. programs to the HCA’s educational port- Bussmann (Ladenburg Foundation), Dr. Kurt Bock folio. Please check our website for information (BASF), Honorary Senator Curt Engelhorn, Hon. and updates on these exciting new educational Sen. Rolf Kentner (BW Bank), Honorary Senator ventures! Manfred Lautenschläger (MLP), and Dr. Hans-

Heidelberg´s “Old University“ and University Square in the historic city center

12 INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION 13 Institute for Higher Education

14 15 An Institute for Higher Education Winter semester (October to mid-February) During the summer semester (mid-April to mid- begins with a two-week introduction followed by July), students enroll in a weekly interdisciplinary As a center for higher education, the HCA currently offers the a weekly curriculum of six lectures, six tutori- seminar, one tutorial, and one colloquium. At the Master of Arts in American Studies (MAS) program. als, one interdisciplinary colloquium, and two beginning of July they will present their thesis additional courses. Participation in all six courses outlines. Additionally, the HCA and the Curt Engelhorn Chair for American is mandatory for all students, although students History at the History Department regularly organize excursions to will choose only three courses to take oral exams Summer break (mid-July to September) is reserved the United States for students of the University of Heidelberg. and write final term papers. Students will be for writing and finishing the M.A. thesis that is to required to hand in an outline of their M.A. thesis be handed in by August 31. Graduation is at the by the end of the winter semester in order to end of October. discuss it with their chosen supervisor. Below you will find information on the MAS There are no lectures during the winter break program of 2004/05, including portraits of the The Master of Arts in American Studies (MAS) from mid-February to mid-April. This period teaching staff, short biographies of the students, serves as time in which to make the final decision and course outlines of the classes offered. The Master of Arts in American Studies (MAS) four years of study at a recognized institute of upon and begin work for the M.A. thesis. is the most recent graduate studies program at higher education. In April, there is an excursion to a transatlantic Germany’s oldest University. The MAS is a one- institution in Germany or Europe . year, exclusive, interdisciplinary program taught American Studies at the HCA is defined as exem- in English, aimed at qualified graduate students plary and interdisciplinary teaching of in-depth from Europe and overseas. knowledge about the United States of America in subjects such as American literature, economics, Participants are expected to bring to the pro- geography, history, law, musicology, philosophy, gram work experience and demonstrable social political science, religious studies, and sociology. commitment as well as an outstanding academic MAS Course Outline record. The MAS is a 12-month program starting each winter semester. The MAS curriculum is limited Winter Semester 2004/05 The MAS offers training in academic and practi- to a selection of disciplines and topics to give cal skills tailored to the needs of future leaders in the participating students both a sound scholarly During the winter semester 2004/05, six lectures and both the physical and demographic aspects a transatlantic and global environment. The MAS basis and opportunities for the professional ap- were offered, as well as a methodology class and of America’s geography were introduced and is designed to meet the demand of the business plication of what they have learned. The involved an interdisciplinary colloquium. helped to cast light on the vast array of cultu- community, academia, and politics for specialists disciplines are subdivided into three clusters: ral, social, and economic differences within the on the United States. Geography United States. • Cluster 1: History, Political Science, Sociology. „Territory and Society. The HCA admits up to 30 students to the MAS • Cluster 2: Economics, Geography, Law. A Geography of the United States“ The lecture began with the exploration of the every year. Admission depends on the quality • Cluster 3: American Literature, Musicology, Lecturer: Professor Werner Gamerith natural setting and resources, and considered the of the candidates and their previous academic Philosophy, Religious Studies. Tutor: Dr. Eike Messow ways in which the natural environment affected merits. Most candidates will have studied law, colonization and settlement patterns well into the humanities, or social sciences at the undergra- Each academic year courses in six disciplines are This course explored the geographic diversity of 19th century. Westward expansion and settle- duate or graduate level. The minimum academic offered, two from each cluster. North America with a special focus on the history ment was affected not only by geography itself, admission requirement is a B.A. requiring at least of the United States. The history of colonization but by technological developments that aided

16 HIGHER EDUCATION HIGHER EDUCATION 17 and sped expansion. The course accordingly con- research papers and helped students to prepare ned themselves as being a unique nation and as heated, as students debated U.S. foreign policies sidered the effect of technological developments for their oral exams. Those students who chose having a special purpose. It was therefore impe- of the past as well as present-day U.S. policies in transportation, such as the steam engine and to major in geography turned were required to rative to identify the correlation of these concepts in areas such as Afghanistan and Iraq. Nonethe- the railroad, on expansion and migration. write final term papers and take a comprehensive in U.S. foreign relations, identify their influence less, these discussions contributed to a broader oral exam. upon U.S. foreign policy in the past, and, just as understanding of the differing international views The lecture then moved on to take a closer look importantly, to decipher how American exceptio- on U.S. foreign relations, often resulting in a new at the processes that took place during coloni- nalism and the idea of “mission” will continue to awareness of how the U.S. and its foreign policy zation and expansion. The course concentrated History direct U.S. foreign policy decision-making in the initiatives were perceived globally. on the ways in which cultural diversity, tech- “Power and Mission: U.S. Foreign Policy in the 21st century. nological ingenuity, and economic risk-taking 20th and 21st Centuries” In addition, the students demonstrated the results contributed to United States’ emergence on the Lecturer: Professor Detlef Junker Although Professor Junker taught the lecture of their reading and research 15- to 20-minute oral world economic scene. While immigration and Tutor: James Sparks in English, it was nonetheless popular among presentations. More often than not, the students ethnic variety have helped and continue to help German history students and the HCA candidates did so with the help of visual and audio material to drive America’s economy, it is important from In his lecture “Power and Mission: U.S. Foreign alike, and it was regularly attended by students in the form of PowerPoint presentations. These a geographical viewpoint to see that human Policy in the 20th and 21st Centuries,” Professor from various faculties. Contributing to the presentations were followed by a brief round of and monetary capital are not evenly distributed Detlef Junker identifyed and analyzed the various success of the course were the differing views of questions and answers that further deepened the across the nation, tending rather to cluster in dif- factors that have directed the course of U.S. history that often were exhibited in the ensuing students’ knowledge on the subject. ferent areas and population groups. The lecture foreign policy since the Spanish-American War of discussion following the lecture. In this sense, The history lecture and tutorial combined to pro- considered the processes and driving forces of 1898. The structure of the course focused on the HCA candidates offered a unique perspective vide students with a better understanding of U.S. industrialization, urbanization, and tertiarization, main events and structural problems in American as to how they had been educated in the field foreign policy in the 20th and 21st centuries, and and suburbanization chronologically. The diffusi- foreign policy and, in particular, examined the of U.S. history in their home countries and their more specifically, sought to analyze the underlying on of urban space, the building up of areas that peculiar mix of missionary diplomacy, strategic comments were not only welcomed but in fact factors that influenced U.S. foreign policy during had been rural for generations, traffic conges- power, and economic interests that have come broadened the reach of the course. that period. It was a pleasure to have worked tion, and a range of social pathologies ranging to define American foreign relations. As the title with the class of 2004/2005 and both Professor from urban poverty and criminal activities to of the lecture suggests, a particular emphasis The discussion of the students’ perspectives on Junker and the tutorial teacher, James Sparks, problems within the schools confront the United was placed on the American idea of “mission” U.S. diplomacy continued in the accompanying were impressed by the students’ preparation, their States at the beginning of the 21st century. and how that concept has evolved and continues tutorial led by James Sparks, M.A. The goal of the ambition, and their ability to quickly grasp many of The lecture closed by discussing these internal to influence America’s understanding of its own tutorial was to deepen the students’ understan- the historical concepts, to which many of them had problems, America’s position in the global arena, role as a leader in the international communi- ding of U.S. foreign policy by way of active class not previously been introduced. and how America’s command of the world order ty. Spanning back to the days when the North participation. The tutorial analyzed and discussed fits the social and economic geography within the American continent was first settled, this concept the various primary sources and secondary lite- Four M.A. theses considered elements of U.S. nation itself. of mission, combined with that of American ex- rature that had been touched upon in Professor foreign policy: Daniela Ganji, “U.S. Diplomacy ceptionalism, have been two of the fundamental Junker’s lecture. This allowed the students to ask Vis-à-vis European Union;” Raluca Gheorgita, The tutorial, which was offered on a weekly ba- ingredients not only of the American identity, and specific questions related to the concepts mentio- “The United States, the League of Nations and sis, discussed lecture topics in depth and taught but also in how the United States has formulated ned in the lecture, discuss the historical docu- the United Nations: Lessons of the Past;” Solina students how to interpret maps, diagrams, and its stance and objectives in foreign policy. From ments which pertained to that lecture, and to Kamani, “American Policy toward Albania 1917- data bases according to the particular methodo- Puritan leader John Winthrop’s vision of a “City exhibit their knowledge on the subject material. 1921;” and Susan Saadat, “U.S. Foreign Policy logies and approaches in geography. In addition, Upon a Hill” to President Woodrow Wilson’s call Similar to the lecture, the tutorial was very popu- toward Iran: The Impact of the 1953 Coup upon soft skills such as rhetoric and presentation skills to “make the world safe for democracy” and lar and was attended by 13 of the 15 MAS candi- U.S.-Iranian Relations.” were introduced and practiced. The tutorial continuing into the present-day administration of dates at the HCA. Discussion rounds were often offered support for structuring and writing George W. Bush, Americans have always envisio- enlightening and vibrant and sometimes even

18 HIGHER EDUCATION HIGHER EDUCATION 19 Law to reading judicial opinions and learning how to introduction to major American modernist writers The tutorial was attended by Maria Andrei, Mark “Introduction to American Constitutional Law“ decode them. Finally, Mr. Keefer provided perso- of the 1920s and 1930s. After a brief look at the Olsztyn, Amy Foster Parish, Susan Saadat, Antho- Lecturer: Professor William Funk nal assistance to the students in selecting paper political and social climate in the “Jazz Age,” as ny Santoro, and Florian Vlad – six very committed Tutor: Marc Tracy/Scott Keefer topics and in organizing those papers. the 1920s are frequently called, we studied the and competent students, who engaged in lively fiction of Ernest Hemingway, Sherwood Ander- and intriguing course discussions throughout the Professor William Funk’s lecture course, Introduc- The tutorial was attended by Stanislaw Burd- son, F. Scott Fitzgerald, and Sinclair Lewis, as semester. They all did extraordinarily well in their tion to American Constitutional Law, offered an zeij, Yuyun Chen, Amanda Chiu, Ean Fullerton, well as the poetry of Ezra Pound, William Carlos final exams and wrote six compelling term papers introduction to American Constitutional Law. In Danijela Ganji, Raluca Gheorghita, Asim Jusic, Williams, Robert Frost, e. e. cummings, and on the following topics and issues: narrative format the course basically used a lecture format Ozge Ozmen, Amy Foster Parish, and Susan Wallace Stevens. The works of Eugene O’Neill, technique in Faulkner and Toni Morrison (Maria augmented with PowerPoint slides. However, on Saadat. Only one had legal training, but all were the first major American dramatist, also were Andrei), Fitzgerald and the American success a number of occasions, Professor Funk engaged fully capable of dealing with the subject and the discussed. In the second part of the lecture we myth (Mark Olsztyn), the war fiction of Heming- the students in discussing particular issues or material, although some with more success than focused on the ‘social fiction’ of John Dos Passos way and Kurt Vonnegut (Amy Foster Parish), cases. Substantively, the course covered the con- others. Their grades on the exams ranged from and John Steinbeck, the drama of the 1930s the development of the hero in Hemingway’s stitutional organization of American government, 1.0 to 2.3. Their term papers covered a variety of (especially Clifford Odets), and the oeuvre of Farewell to Arms (Susan Saadat), the function of including the issues of separation of powers and subjects: “Origins of the Constitutional Principle William Faulkner. In addition to textual analysis, the insane focal character Darl in Faulkner’s As federalism, the powers of the different branches of Separation of Church and State“; “Same Sex we considered the interactions between literature I Lay Dying (Anthony Santoro), and heroism in of government, particularly Congress’s powers Marriage“; “Abortion“; “Segregation and Deseg- and aesthetics, politics, and social issues. A Farewell to Arms and Joseph Heller’s Catch-22 under the Commerce Clause and the power of regation in Housing Laws“; “The Constitutionality (Florian Vlad). courts to review laws and executive actions for of the 2004 Unborn Victims of Violence Act“; In the accompanying tutorial led by Dirk Lutsche- constitutionality, as well as the individual rights “Medical Privacy and the Right to Die“; “Issues witz, the topics of the lecture were deepened Five M.A. theses were written in the field of portions of the Constitution, particularly the First with the Death Penalty - Minors and Mentally and intensified. The seminar provided a forum for American literature: Maria Andrei, “Narrating Amendment, the Fifth Amendment’s due process Handicapped“; “ICC and U.S. non-participation“; course discussions and close readings of the texts Memory in Toni Morrison’s Beloved and William clause, and the Fourteenth Amendment’s due and “Waste Management under the Commerce examined in the lectures. We focused particular- Faulkner’s The Sound and the Fury” (supervised process and equal protections clauses. Clause“. ly on Hemingway’s A Farewell to Arms (1929); by Professor Dieter Schulz and Professor Dietmar Anderson’s Winesburg, Ohio (1919); Fitzgerald’s Schloss); Özge Özmen, “Lake Tahoe vs. The Red The tutorial was initially led by Marc Tracy, Two M.A. theses were written in the field of Law: The Great Gatsby (1925); Faulkner’s As I Lay Sea: A Discussion of Orientalism in Mark Twain’s who was succeeded by Scott Tracy, a Fulbright Amanda Chiu, “Same Sex Marriage Law in the Dying (1930); and O’Neill’s The Hairy Ape (1922), Traveling with the Innocents Abroad” (Professor fellow at the Max Planck Institute, but Professor United States,” and Yuyun Chen, “The United as well as selected poems by Eliot, Pound, Frost, Schloss); Mark Olsztyn, “Through a Red Lens: Funk attended and participated in most of the States and the Basel Convention.” Both were very Williams, and Stevens. Moreover, significant gen- Upton Sinclair’s Jimmy Higgins and the Socialist tutorial sessions. Mr. Tracy used the tutorial to good. re contexts, literary terms, and issues that could Cause in the Great War” (Professor Schloss); Amy focus on the differences between the constitu- not be dealt with in the lectures were discussed. Foster Parish, “‘He Thinks of It Often:’ In Search tional organization of the United States and the The most important analytical “tools,” such as of Deserters in American War Literature” (Profes- constitutional organization of both Germany and Literature point of view, modes of speech, modes of narra- sor Schulz); and Florian Vlad, “Metamorphoses the European Union. Mr. Keefer used the tutorial “Veterans, Gangsters, and Hobos: American tion, deixis, meter and rhyme, figures of speech, of War Discourse in Twentieth-Century American to focus on particular points raised in the lecture, Literature from World War I to World War II” etc., were introduced and applied to the works Fiction” (Professor Schulz). both to clarify and elucidate what was discus- Lecturer: Professor Dieter Schulz mentioned above. Furthermore, students got a sed in the lecture, but also to provide in depth Tutor: Dirk Lutschewitz chance to discuss term paper outlines; in “mock consideration of a number of points, complemen- exams” at the end of the semester they had the ting the necessarily broad-brush approach in the Professor Dieter Schulz’s lecture course “Vete- opportunity to review the topics of the lecture lecture. In addition, Mr. Keefer used the tutorial rans, Gangsters, and Hobos: American Literature and to practise their presentation skills. on a couple of occasions to introduce students from World War I to World War II” offered an

20 HIGHER EDUCATION HIGHER EDUCATION 21 early in the semester. All students did well in the the HCA students, a number of other students Political Science The lecture not only gave students of the MAS oral examination and the term papers and some from the University of Heidelberg attended the “The Political System of the United States” program insight into the central themes related chose topics related to political science for their lectures and engaged in the discussions. Weekly Lecturer: Professor Klaus von Beyme to the American system of government, but Master’s thesis. Thus, Professor von Beyme’s tutorial classes were for HCA students. The small Tutor: Pierre Hagedorn also gave them the opportunity to get to know lecture fulfilled its role to awaken the students’ group of eight students took advantage of the everyday life at a German university. In fact, the interest for political science and to give them an opportunity to dig deeper into certain topics and The Political System of the United States was lecture was so popular that students who were insight into the political system of the U.S. to trace various movements and major theolo- taught by Professor Klaus von Beyme of the Uni- not part of the MAS program often attended gical ideas throughout American history. Much versity of Heidelberg’s Political Science Depart- the class and the lecture hall was crowded each Two M.A. theses were written in Political Science: room was left open for discussion, as well as for ment. The lecture course took place weekly and week. The fact that the MAS program provides Ean Fullerton, “Women and Children Last: U.S. the presentation of the students’ own scholarly its purpose was to give an overview of the most the university with courses taught in English thus Failure to Ratify CEDAW and the CRC;” and Asim work. important aspects of the political system of the also benefits other students. Jusic, “The Weimar Intellectual Baggage in Leo United States. Strauss’s Natural Right and History.” A weekly tutorial offered by Pierre Hagedorn took The course began with an overview of the values place immediately after the lecture. The tutorial and beliefs in American political culture. This was complemented the lecture and provided room for Religious Studies followed by a discussion of the political parties discussion on issues that could not be thoroughly “The Almost Chosen People: Religion in America” and a description of the electoral system. Since examined in the lecture course. Its proximity to Lecturer: Professor Robert Jewett the 2004 US presidential elections also were held the lecture ensured that the acquired knowledge Tutor: Ole Wangerin during this time, the class was able to analyze the was still fresh in the minds of the students and results first-hand as a case study. that they could plunge into the discussion right Eight students in the MAS 2005 program chose away. Religious Studies as their major during the first The lecture then moved on to cover the American semester. Weekly lectures were given by Robert Religious Studies 2004/ 05 – “Field Trip” to the Black Forest. Front: Anthony Santoro, Mark Ostyn, Amanda Chiu, Solinda Kamani. constitution from a political science perspective, The tutorial provided the students with a theore- Jewett, who is the Harry R. Kendall Professor Rear: Maria Andrei, Özge Özmen, Suzy Hamad, Ole Wangerin (Tutor). and continued with social conflicts in American tical background of the issues dealt with in the Emeritus at Garrett-Evangelical Theological Not pictured: Stanislav Burdziej society including race, ethnic groups, class, and lecture course. Since most of the MAS students Seminary, Northwestern University, Illinois. The gender. This naturally led to the discussion of were new to the field of political science, basic accompanying tutorial classes were led by Ole The various cultural and religious backgrounds of interest groups and social movements and sub- concepts of the subject had to be introduced to Wangerin. the students further enriched the learning expe- sequently to their role in the American political them for a better understanding of those topics rience. The students from Hong Kong, Palestine, system. Of course, the three branches of Ameri- addressed in the lecture. In addition, the tutorial “The Almost Chosen People: Religion in Ame- Turkey, Romania, Poland, Albania, and the United can government – the Executive, Legislative, and gave students the opportunity to ask for clarifi- rica” provided a survey of religious institutions States brought their personal points of view and Judicial – could not be left out. Their roles and cation concerning the content of the lecture. It in America from the colonial period to the early their strong cultural and religious convictions interaction in the system of checks and balances thereby also gave students room for an informed 21st century. The story of religion in America was to the discussions. The religious rhetoric of the were examined closely. academic discussion of the issues and concepts portrayed as a story of not just a few, but rather current U.S. President, George W. Bush, combi- of the week’s lecture. Finally, the tutorial prepa- as a story of natives and immigrants, of women, ned with the emotional debates around the 2004 The class then moved on to issues of policy out- red the students for the oral examination and the men and children, of powerful political parties presidential election caused much discussion du- come and governability, with a special focus on term paper that were the basis for their grades. and movements, of mutual temptations, yet also ring classes and high emotions among students social policy. Finally, the semester was concluded This was achieved through an oral presentation often of tender generosity and kindness. Weekly of Christian and Muslim background. with an outlook on the role of the US in world and small written assignments that ensured that lectures offered an overview of the time period, politics. they began thinking about their term papers but also invited the students to raise questions The wide range of interest of the students was and challenge the views of the lecturer. Besides reflected by the various topics of the research

22 HIGHER EDUCATION HIGHER EDUCATION 23 projects: “Missouri Synod and Fundamentalism;” HCA Book Prize for his overall performance in the Perspective,” to Gene Wise’s “Paradigm Dramas Interdisciplinary Colloquium “Nat‘s Testament: The Religious Understanding M.A. in American Studies. in American Studies: A Cultural and Institutional and Motivations of Nat Turner;” “Structural Com- History of the Movement,” scholars debated Next to the lectures and the respective tutorials, parison of John Brown and Osama Bin Laden;” theories and methods underlying the discipline. the weekly interdisciplinary colloquium was a “American Fundamentalism and the Current Isra- Methodology significant part of the MAS curriculum. The HCA eli-Palestinian Conflict;” “Against the Backdrop of Lecturer: Alexander Vazansky These debates gained even more facets when invited scholars from various disciplines to give Violence: Mennonites in America during the First Women’s and Gender Studies, as well as Minority short introductions to their fields, their particular and Second World Wars;” “Reform Judaism and During the winter semester the Methodology Studies, challenged previous assumptions about research, or important contemporary American Its Social Ethics;” “Women Preachers in American class provided students with an intense learning a coherent and unified American culture. Articles or transatlantic issues. These introductions were Religion: A Comparative Study of Anne Hut- experience. The course met twice a week and such as Nina Baym’s “Melodramas of Beset followed by fruitful discussions among the MAS chinson and the Grimke Sisters;” and “Towards students were required to read two to three Manhood: How Theories of American Fiction students, professors, and the presenters. The col- a Christian America: Origins and Worldview of essays in preparation for the different sessions. Exclude Women Authors” or Linda K. Kerber’s loquium took place in the intimate and congenial Christian Reconstructionism.” Methodology differed from other classes offered “Diversity and the Transformation of American setting of the Schurman Library for American His- in the program during the winter semester in that Studies” added new perspectives and approaches tory at the History Department of the University. After the first semester, two of the students it was not concerned with any particular aspect to the field. Collections such as Donald E. Pease’s decided to write their M.A. thesis in the field of American culture, such as history, religion, and Robyn Wiegman’s The Futures of American Inaugurating the series, appropriately enough, of Religious Studies. Stanislaw Burdziej handed or law. Instead, the course looked at American Studies, written over half a century after the with a discussion about the upcoming 2004 in a paper on “Theocratic Experiments through Studies as a discipline. What issues and questions discipline’s beginnings, show that viewpoints on U.S. Presidential Elections was John McQueen, American History: From Puritans to Christian informed the development of and the current theory and methods in American Studies have then Chairman of Democrats Abroad, Germany. Reconstructionists,” an excellent piece of inter- debates in this field? What methods and skills become ever more diverse. These readings and Democrats Abroad is the international arm of disciplinary research, employing historical, social would the students need to employ in order to others discussed in the Methodology course the Democratic Party, which seeks to represent scientific, and legal sources and methods. In his delve further into the field? During the course provided students with an introduction into the the better than seven million Americans living thesis, Mr. Burdziej analyzed three examples of of the semester students read and analyzed not field and suggested perspectives and questions abroad. McQueen’s talk was highly informative, theocratic impulse, such as Puritanism in New only articles on the origin, history, theory, and they needed to consider when conducting their contrasting the Democratic and Republican England, the prohibition movement that resulted methods of American Studies, but also texts on own research. platforms in the run-up to the election. McQueen in the Eighteenth Amendment, and finally the the problems of academic writing. called attention to elements of the contest that Christian Right movement in current American Along with the more theoretical discussions on impacted Americans living abroad especially, or politics. From its inception in the mid-twentieth century the development of the field the course was also only, issues that stay well below the radar in the American Studies has been a very introspective concerned with more practical aspects of aca- domestic parts of the campaign. Anthony Santoro, in his impressive thesis “That discipline. From the beginning, the field was demic writing. Students were made aware of the Ye May Know: The Creation of Nat Turner, the conceived as an interdisciplinary effort that choices they needed to make in writing their own Nor was America’s potential and projected poli- Fanatic Prophet,” describes the identity and combined disciplines such as history, literature, texts. Whom were they addressing? What did tical impact the only concern. Berndt Ostendorf, viewpoint of the black revolutionary, Nat Turner. and sociology to analyze and describe American they want to convey? What stylistic and syntactic Professor of North American Cultural History at Mr. Santoro not only demonstrated an excellent culture. Because of its interdisciplinary nature, choices did they need to make? Several sessions the America Institute of the University of Munich, knowledge of all relevant sources and secondary American Studies scholars struggled with the were devoted discussing and reviewing the stu- considered the impact of American culture. In literature, but his thesis also conforms to the question of whether American Studies could or dents’ own writing. The class read excerpts from addressing the question of what makes American highest standards of historical and theological should develop its own original methodology. their colleagues’ essays, correcting mistakes and culture so popular, Ostendorf elaborated on the research in the long Heidelberg tradition, striking From Henry Nash Smith’s “Can American Studies suggesting how the writing could be improved. extent to which American culture is variously im- a new path through the confusion of evidence Develop a Method,” through Robert Spiller’s For the student being reviewed this was of course ported and exported, and how it blends with and and interpretation. His thesis was suggested for “Unity and Diversity in the Study of American often a painful, but ultimately beneficial process. changes the cultures into which it is introduced. publication and Mr. Santoro also received the Culture: The American Studies Association in The following week, Professor Gary Anderson

24 HIGHER EDUCATION HIGHER EDUCATION 25 spoke on the results of the 2004 Elections and on the continent in search of the same, Thomas mark” of environmentalist legislation in the early was brought by Dr. Berndt von Maltzan, CEO of the U.S. electoral process in general. Anderson, Schmidt-Beste, Professor of Musicology at the 1970s with the founding such regulatory agencies Deutsche Bank Private Banking. Von Maltzan Director of the International Office of Zeppelin University of Heidelberg, and Helga Beste, Pro- as the Environmental Protection Agency and the compared banking structures across the Atlantic, University in Friedrichshafen, spoke on a wide fessor of American Literature at the University of passage of such laws as the Clean Air Act, the highlighting elements particular to the German range of electoral issues, from the institution of Heidelberg, presented on American music and its Clean Water Act, and the Toxic Substances Con- and American models, and went on to compa- the Electoral College to regional and national ties to other art forms. The students were shown trol Act. From that point forward, the discussion re the credit structures and how these impact electoral issues, to any changes that can be seen segments of film versions of Thornton Wilder’s focused on the developments of and changes to consumption and all levels of the economy. in the blue/red divide in the immediate aftermath Our Town and John Steinbeck’s Of Mice and Men the laws governing federal regulatory agencies While not providing any “hot investment tips,” of the election. Anderson’s talk was lively and and asked to critique the musical score suppor- and how the legislation has changed to keep von Maltzan’s presentation was impressive in its informative, and particularly engaging, as every- ting the film, with interesting results. pace with new environmental concerns, or the detail and precision. one present was well-informed and interested in instances in which it has failed to do so. discussing the election results. The HCA’s own Professor William Funk, Visiting Closing out the colloquium for the semester was Fulbright Professor and Lecturer for the winter Professor Ayanna Yonnemura returned immigrati- Helmut Schmahl, Professor of Modern History Turning away from effects America has on the Constitutional Law course, gave two presentati- on issues to the colloquium. Yonemura, Assistant at the University of Mainz. Schmahl’s presenta- world, Professor Hiroshi Motomura came to ons as part of the interdisciplinary colloquium. In Professor of Urban Studies at Loyola Marymount tion, a consideration of German migration and speak on a process by which the world affects the first, he gave a history of American consti- University, spoke on the history of Japanese- settlement patterns within the United States, America: immigration. Motumura, currently tutional law as it pertains to privacy and sex, Americans in the United States. Yonemura’s was a fitting end to a successful semester. The Kenan Distinguished Professor of Law at the including the developments leading to the right talk also considered approaches to evaluating presentations were highly varied and interesting, University of North Carolina School of Law, en- to privacy with regards to contraception and con- demographic data concerning ethnic minorities in and the diverse backgrounds and concentrations gaged the students in a unique role play, giving sensual sex; the fundamental right of marriage, American cities. of the guest presenters provided a truly unique, each group a profile and ideology and asking and the particularities involved with fundamental A more truly transatlantic and global approach interdisciplinary experience. them to address difficult questions pertaining rights; and previous constitutional controversies to immigration. Forced in some cases to think with regard to marriage, such as prohibitions against their own perspectives, the result was a against interracial marriage. After elaborating vivid discussion and exchange, with Motumura upon the applicable case law precedent, Funk providing the history of relevant immigration case let the discussion take its course, fielding and Summer Semester 2005 law precedent and historical detail to supplement asking provocative questions, and going so far as the “decisions” made around the table. to construct what he believes the likely scenario Two interdisciplinary seminars were offered Studies. Beginning with the Vietnam War, we should the United States Supreme Court hear a during the summer semester. The methodology asked how America’s first “T.V. war” was repor- Continuing the immigration theme was Gary J. case centering on the right of homosexuals to class and the interdisciplinary colloquium conti- ted in the news media, including such events as Waltner in his talk on Mennonite immigrations to marry. nued from the winter term. Walter Cronkite’s famous report on the 1968 Tet and groups within the United Staes. Waltner is offensive. In the following sessions the impact the Director of the Mennonite Research Center, Professor Funk’s second presentation, though of the war was further explored by considering Rheinland-Pfalz. Waltner’s talk, beginning with a less controversial than the previous, was no The Media in U.S. Culture the domestic political scene. The questions the detailed history of the growth of the Mennonites less interesting. Funk, who practiced law at the Lecturers: Dr. Dorothea Fischer-Hornung and PD seminar explored were far-ranging and extended in Europe, encompassed an array of push and U.S. Departments of Justice and of Energy and Dr. Philipp Gassert into contemporary America. How did American pull factors and how they determined Mennonite currently teaches Constitutional, Administrati- society react to the war? What was the impact settlement patterns within the United States. ve, and Environmental Law at Lewis and Clark Taking the Vietnam War as its focus, this inter- of the anti-war movement? What role did the Law School in Portland, outlined the history of disciplinary seminar aimed at introducing the returning veterans play? What were the symbolic From those who moved across the ocean to pur- environmental legislation in the United States, students to the various methodological approa- social practices that the communications media sue the American Dream to those moving across with particular attention paid to the “high-water ches employed by History, Literature, and Cultural employed? What were the political, economic,

26 HIGHER EDUCATION HIGHER EDUCATION 27 and cultural implications of media portrayal of engraved on the wall itself. The war has become With this background, the seminar then moved Methodology the war and social protests? How has the media tangible and real through her personal encounter into its more active phase, in which the partici- Lecturer: Alexander Vazansky been criticized in contemporary culture? What with those mourning at the memorial, opening a pants prepared and argued various important was typically “American” about the way in which space for her as the younger generation, for the Supreme and Federal Appeals Court cases pertai- During the summer semester Methodology the United States coped with the legacy of women who lived through the war on the home ning to Free Exercise and Establishment Clause only met for one session per week. Now the Vietnam? How has the war been memorialized front, and for those who live with the reality of issues. Students served alternately as lawyers discussions mainly focused on practical aspects in film and in public spaces such as the Vietnam the war’s aftermath. and judges, as each case required arguments on of writing a Master’s thesis, from writing a pro- Veterans’ Memorial in Washington? behalf of both litigants. Professor Jewett served posal, through oral presentations, to matters of as a variable amicus curiae, or friend of the court, structuring and annotating a thesis. Towards the After having looked at these questions we had Law and Religion Seminar and presented briefs on behalf of other interested end of the semester students read and criticized acquired a solid historical and cultural back- Lecturers: Professor William Funk and Professor parties. Jewett’s presentations brought to life the excerpts from each others’ work. ground sufficient to delve into Bobbie Ann Robert Jewett complications involved in the decision-making Mason’s In Country (1985), the novel that was process and provided a tangible, direct example From a teacher’s point of view Alexander Vazanky selected as our literary text. Looking at Vietnam Professors William Funk and Robert Jewett of the ways in which the issues being debated was gratified to see how initially somewhat through the eyes of a seventeen-year old young offered an interdisciplinary seminar on Law and were not confined to the Court itself, but to awe-struck and at points confused students grew woman, Samantha Hughes, whose father had Religion during the summer term of 2005. The society at large. In some cases, the “justices,” increasingly confident both as experts in the field been killed in action, In Country explores the seminar considered contemporary issues arising those students and professors not presenting of American Studies and as writers. hidden legacy of the war in a small Kentucky in the United States involving law and religion. an argument in that particular case, were visibly town. Finding no answers from her family and Many of these issues arise under the Free Exercise swayed by the amicus, and had to consider their friends, Samantha experiences the war filtered or Establishment Clauses of the First Amendment, verdict based not only on the merits of the case Interdisciplinary Colloquium through the media, by watching M*A*S*H reruns but some involve cultural issues and the law itself, but on the effect their decision would have on TV (a series set in Korea but often taken as applicable to churches. The seminar explored the on other groups. The colloquium program during the summer an allegory for the U.S. engagement in Vietnam) place of religion in the American constitutional semester differed somewhat from the winter and listening to her mother’s old records from the system and methods of analysis and approach Once the cases were heard, the justices took semester in that there were fewer guest speakers. 1960s, as well as more recent cultural represen- from both the legal and theological perspective. turns ruling, and explaining their reason for so Instead, the MAS students had to present outli- tations of Vietnam such as Bruce Springsteen’s deciding. Professor Funk served as Chief Justice nes of their thesis projects in a two day intensive “Born in the U.S.A.” The seminar began with introductory lectures and summed up the arguments, tallied the votes, workshop on May 12-13, 2005. This left room for from and discussions between Professors Funk and more than once cast the deciding vote only five guest speakers. Although the second Longing for an authentic expression of the Viet- and Jewett on such topics as the Establishment himself before tying the topics and legal parti- colloquium offered students fewer chances to nam War, she finally makes the trip to Washing- Clause of the First Amendment and an overview cularities argued over in class to those at issue hear outside perspectives, those presentations ton, D.C., where she visits the Vietnam Veterans’ of historical issues related thereto; issues related in the actual case. The students made great oral and lectures offered lacked neither quality nor Memorial with her veteran uncle and her grand- to conscientious objection to military service; statements and everyone in the class, including insight. Moreover, three of the five lectures were mother. Sam discovers that history cannot simply original intent, textual, contextual, historical, the professors, learned a lot out of this unique organized in conjunction with other departments, be confronted at home, where it is confined to and teleological methods of constitutional interdisciplinary experience. demonstrating once again the close ties between the constant replay through media and the lives interpretation and their parallels within religious the HCA and the individual departments from of the severely psychologically and physically approaches to scripture; the definition of religion; which it was created. damaged veterans. Only in the monumental and the impact of religion on legal issues. Each spaces in Washington Sam does find the kind of these debates was followed by an intense and For the first session of the colloquium on April of authenticity that she is longing for. She finds enlightening discussion, in which students and 14, the students, accompanied by Professor not only the names of her father and her uncle’s professors alike questioned and debated each Junker, Dr. Gassert and other staff members, buddies, but her name, Sam Hughes, appears other.

28 HIGHER EDUCATION HIGHER EDUCATION 29 were invited by Manfred Lautenschläger to join The wide range of topics presented showed that After the workshop, there were three more mic realm. Christine Weiss, a doctoral candidate him at the conference room of the MLP building many students had become extremely interested sessions of the colloquium. On May 31, Professor at the History department of the University of in Rohrbach/Boxberg. The conference room, in the interdisciplinary topics that had been offe- Gerald Fogarty, S.J., a professor of religious stu- Heidelberg, told students about her experiences which is located on one of the top floors of the red by the HCA during the winter term. Some stu- dies at the University of Virginia and an ordai- as an intern at the Albany office of Senator Hil- building, offers a magnificent view of the Rhine dents were interested in exploring the effects of ned priest, lectured on the history of American lary Rodham Clinton. The colloquium concluded Valley. In this impressive setting, Manfred Lau- American foreign policy in their native countries, Catholicism covering centuries of Catholic life in with a lecture organized through the University’s tenschläger, founder of the MLP and chairman of often combining a historical and political science North America. The lecture was co-organized by English department. This final lecture was given its supervisory board, gave a presentation on the perspective. For example, whereas Susan Saadat the Religious Studies department. The fifth guest by Professor David M. Robinson of Oregon State company’s history and its current organization, proposed a thesis analyzing the United States’ speaker again offered students a glimpse at the University, who spoke on This is My World Now: activities and growth. Mr. Lautenschläger, who role in the Iranian Coup of 1953, Solinda Ka- possibilities open to graduates outside the acade- Henry David Thoreau by Moonlight. has been an important benefactor of the HCA, mani presented a project on Woodrow Wilson’s has been integral in making MLP into one of the position on Albanian independence during the world’s top financial services providers. More- negotiations for the League of Nations. The Outlook on the MAS Course Outline 2005/06 over, Mr. Lautenschläger’s contribution to the League of Nations and its successor organization, colloquium was of particular importance because the United Nations, also drew the interest of two Geography This course begins by defining the setting and it offered students a glimpse at the possibilities additional students. Raluca Gheorghita proposed “Social Landscapes of North America” the actors in the United States. Building on existing for university graduates outside the field a study in which she planned to analyze how Lecturer: Professor Cesar N. Caviedes this, the economic foundations and the social of academia. the United States government learned from the Tutor: Thorsten Reuter failures of the League of Nations, and how those conditions are explored. Furthermore, the class deals with political responses and polarization, The second lecture students attended as part lessons helped in the creation of the U.N. Ean It is understood that a regional entity consists of the main points in international relations, and of the colloquium was organized by Professor Fullerton was interested in more recent issues, a setting (the physical landscapes, the actvities, the attraction of the American Way of Life. The Dr. Winfried Brugger, a Professor at the Law analyzing why the U.S. failed to ratify the U.N. the means of communication) and of the actors last question in the class will be “why is Canada Department and member of the HCA Board of conventions on the rights of women and children. (the ethnic, cultural, and social groups) that different?” Directors. On this occasion, the guest speaker International law was also a topic of interest for interact in the physical setting. Thus, a course on was Edward J. Eberle, Professor of Law at Roger Yuyun Chen, who proposed comparing U.S. and regional geography portrays the socio-political

Williams University in Rhode Island. Professor international environmental law in her MA thesis. texture of a country (or continent) as it reflects History (WS 2005/06) Eberle’s presentation fit well into the interdis- In addition, Literary and Cultural Studies were the physical or economic characteristics of the “The Reluctant Empire? An Introduction to U.S. ciplinary curriculum of the MAS, tying together disciplines that many students chose to incorpo- setting. Looked at as a “regional unit,” the United Foreign Relations in the 20th Century” history, law, and religion. The lecture focused on rate into their projects. These areas have always States represents a complex entity that is both Lecturer: Professor Manfred Berg the life of Roger Williams, a seventeenth century played a significant role in American studies, and powerful and at the same time vulnerable to Tutor: James Sparks religious thinker, who developed theories on the a number of students chose to focus on American the different interests that co-exist in the vast inviolability of conscience. Professor Eberle traced literary works and their cultural impact in the reaches of the county. An accurate picture of the On the eve of the 20th century the United States the resonance of William’s theories back to the historical context. Özge Özmen, for example, pre- United States can be obtained only when the first emerged as a major player in world politics. religious freedoms contained in the constitution. sented an outline on Orientalism in Marc Twain’s essence of the various regional entities that make One hundred years later, America prides itself on A lively discussion followed, in which students A Tramp Abroad, and Amy Parish proposed an up the country are understood: when the ethnic being the sole remaining superpower. Cautiously as well as faculty members from three different analysis of desertion in twentieth century war no- groups are characterized, when the religious or enough, Americans continue to debate whether departments participated, showing once again vels. Overall, the chosen thesis topics proved to secular underpinnings are considered; when the the U.S. actually is or should be an empire, and if how fruitful cross-disciplinary dialogue can be. be as diverse as the students’ backgrounds. The differences between urban and rural environ- so, what kind of an empire? A traditional empire On May 12 and 13, MAS students and faculty students demonstrated that they were well on ments are grasped, and when the socio-economic driven by the quest for power and domination? A attended an intensive workshop, in which the their way to becoming American studies scholars differences across the country are incorporated liberal empire committed to spreading freedom students outlined their thesis projects. in their own right. into the total picture. and democracy? An informal empire predicated

30 HIGHER EDUCATION HIGHER EDUCATION 31 upon economic penetration and cultural attrac- been amended only 27 times. It owes its endu- to different American modernist schools and to Political Science tion? Has the United States actively sought world ring relevance to continued interpretation – by their cultural and aesthetic philosophies. After a “Business, Government, and the U.S. Political hegemony or has it only reluctantly taken up the the courts, by the national and state govern- consideration of the uses of the terms “modern,” System” burdens of empire? This course will attempt to ments, by local governments, by administrative “modernity,” “modernist,” and “modernism,” we Lecturer: Professor Richard Lehne provide a broad overview of America’s rise to agencies, by the media, and by private indivi- will begin with Ezra Pound, T.S. Eliot, and H.D., a Tutor: Pierre Hagedorn world power in the 20th century. In addition to duals. There is no clash of interests or values in group of American avant-garde poets who decided providing an outline of major developments and American society which does not lend itself to to make their home in Europe; we will take up The course US Government and Business is taught events, it will introduce students to theoretical formulation in constitutional terms and for which their contention that a modernist writer must, first by Richard Lehne, a Fulbright Visiting Professor and historiographical concepts in interpreting constitutional law does not provide a fertile and foremost, come to terms with “tradition.” The from Rutgers University, New Jersey. As the title U.S. foreign relations and to the traditions, context for analysis and resolution or for further second section of the lecture course will deal with of the lecture suggests, the course explores major ideologies, and key interests that have shaped consideration of the requirements of justice. the poems and poetic theories of Robert Frost, issues in relations between government and busi- America’s interactions with the rest of the world. This survey course aims at exposing students to William Carlos Williams, and Wallace Stevens ness in the United States and highlights principal American constitutional law‘s history, structu- – poets who adopted an anti-traditionalist and features of the American political system. In the accompanying tutorial led by James Sparks, re, processes, major principles and concepts, “nativist” stance. In the third section, we will dis- M.A., the students have the unique opportunity analytical methods, and interpretive approa- cuss the modernist orientations of three novelists: Among the topics considered are US political tradi- to discuss and analyze primary sources and docu- ches. The intention is to provide an „integrated Ernest Hemingway, F. Scott Fitzgerald, and William tions, the structure of government, public opinion, ments pertaining to U.S. foreign policies, which understanding“ of the American constitutional Faulkner. interest groups, corporations as political actors, were touched upon in the lecture. The tutorial is system while introducing the main substantive lobbying, competition policy, regulation, industrial seen as a discussion forum, in which students can areas of the law involved: Federal court jurisdic- A consideration of the Harlem Renaissance and policy, and social policy. Each topic is also exami- deepen their knowledge of the subject material tion and judicial review; executive power and such writers as Langston Hughes, Jean Toomer, ned in a comparative perspective. Germany, the and ask questions. At the same time, the tutorial the separation of powers; congressional power and Zora Neale Hurston in the modernist context United Kingdom, Japan, and the European Union encourages a higher level of participation from and federalism; equal protection and affirmative and a preview of the literature and philosophy of serve as the bases for comparison. the students insofar as they are not only expected action; substantive due process and privacy; free post-modernism will round out this lecture course. to express their views on the topics reviewed in speech; and freedom of religion. Students will The accompanying tutorial led by Dirk Lutschewitz The method of instruction provides for interaction the lecture, but also are required to give brief oral be assigned reading from the course textbook as will provide ample opportunity for course discus- between the students and the professor. Students presentations in order to exhibit their command well as excerpts of court opinions which they are sions and in-depth analyses of some of the texts are given ample opportunity to raise questions in of the subject material. The goal of the tutorial expected to be able to discuss actively during the covered in the lecture, including Hemingway’s The the course. For each class, the assigned readings is to deepen the students’ understanding of lecture classes. In addition, a weekly tutorial will Sun Also Rises (1926), Fitzgerald’s The Great Gats- give the students a different perspective on the U.S. foreign policy by examining and discussing provide an opportunity for closer examination and by (1925), and Faulkner’s The Sound and the Fury lecture topic or explore aspects of the lecture in the underlying factors which both directly and more thorough discussion of the cases and issues (1929), as well as selected poems and essays by more detail. In addition, the syllabus identifies indirectly influenced U.S. foreign policy decision mentioned during the lectures. Pound, Eliot, Stevens, Frost, and Williams. In addi- websites that provide further information on the making in the 20th century. tion to the authors covered in the lecture class, we week’s topic or illustrates the major aspects of will deal with the works of Eugene O’Neill (espe- the topic in the activities of a major organization. Literature cially The Hairy Ape and Mourning Becomes Elect- Furthermore, additional readings are suggested Law (WS 2005/06) “American Modernism” ra), the first major American dramatist. Important each week for the students who want to pursue “An Introduction to American Constitutional Law” Lecturer: Professor Dietmar Schloss literary terms will be introduced and applied to the issues in greater depth. Lecturer: Professor Steven Less Tutor: Dirk Lutschewitz the works mentioned above (point of view, modes Tutor: Vasiliki Christou of speech, modes of narration, meter and rhyme, The weekly tutorial offered by Pierre Hagedorn This lecture course will assess the multifold cont- figures of speech, etc.). Furthermore, sudents will serves as a complement to the lecture. The tuto- The oldest written national constitution in the ributions of American writers to the international be given a chance to discuss term paper projects rial provides the students with the opportunity world – presently almost 220 years old – has modernist movement. Students will be introduced and to review topics prior to their final exams. to discuss the issues raised in the lecture course.

32 HIGHER EDUCATION HIGHER EDUCATION 33 Additionally, it allows the students to explore USA and of an interpretation of the ‘civil religion’ Interdisciplinary Colloquium through the complex world of the different disci- some aspects of each week’s topic in more detail as a call to redeem the world for coexistence by plines belonging to American Studies and give an and, according to Professor Lehne, “to clarify the impartial justice (prophetic realism). The Colloquium will be renamed ”Interdisciplina- overview to the current state of research in the confusion sown by the professor in the lecture.” “Religion in America” begins with the Puritan’s ry Research Seminar” for 2005-06. The change field at large. Last year’s Fulbright Visiting Fellow, Finally, each student is required to make a short ‘exodus’ from Europe and their goal of esta- reflects a reconsideration of the concept of the Professor William Funk of the Lewis and Clark oral presentation and to hand in small assign- blishing a “city upon a hill.” It deals with the Interdisciplinary Seminar, which was modified to Law School, will give an introduction to his work ments that are intended to help them prepare for Awakenings, the American Revolution and the help the students with their research and M.A. on the same sex marriage debate. Further topics the final term paper. Civil War, abolitionism, American Progressivism, theses more directly. The guests that have been in the series will include presentations from racism and the Civil Rights Movements, Anti- invited for next year’s series were selected for the Professor Dietmar Schloss’ on “Intellectuals in a Catholicism and Anti-Semitism, protests against methods and approaches that they take to their Transatlantic Context;” from Juan Bruce-Novoa Religious Studies (WS 2005/06) war, the rise of a new American Conservatism, subjects, and it is this selection that was targeted on ”America’s Real Cultural Production: The Body “The Almost Chosen People: Religion in America” and the crusade against terrorism. Judaism, at the needs of MAS students. Co-chaired by Dr. in the Box;” and from Prof. Cesar N. Caviedes of Lecturer: Professor Robert Jewett Buddhism and Islam are included in the survey, Wilfried Mausbach, Christiane Rösch, and Ale- the University of Florida, currently a Humboldt Tutor: Ole Wangerin along with American sects such as the Mormons, xander Emmerich, the Seminar also will highlight Fellow at the HCA, presenting his research on “El the Jehovah’s Witnesses, and Modern Fundamen- research currently underway at the University of Nino and History.” Finally, Alexander Emmerich In a society so remarkably secular in so many talism. Heidelberg. from the HCA will introduce the class to techni- ways, religion frequently has stood at the heart ques in film analysis, using “Mr. Smith goes to of the American experience itself. Presidents The class meets twice a week and is a combina- The Seminar will begin with Dr. Dorothea Fischer- Washington” (1939) and the original “Star Wars” often claim to be inspired by a greater power, tion of lecture, discussion, tutorial, and indepen- Hornung’s presentation “What is/are American (1977) as examples. while American society continually struggles dent scholarly work. The lectures by Prof. Jewett Studies?” Fischer-Hornung will guide the group over religious issues. The 43rd President of the offer an overview of the period and examples United States, George W. Bush, is convinced: “I of how historians have addressed key questions would not be President today if I hadn’t stopped raised by the period. After approximately 50 drinking 17 years ago. And I could only do that minutes of lecture, students are invited to ask with the grace of God.” questions and to present their own views on the specific topic under discussion. “The Almost Chosen People: Religion in America” tries to explain the interplay between religious Tutorial classes led by Ole Wangerin do not groups and the state over the last 400 years. The cover the same material as discussed during the idea of a specific American “civil religion” as an lecture. They will deal with the Christian roots of understanding of the American experience pro- American religion in general and with the impact duced instead of established religion the concept of religion on certain developments in American of the “redeemer nation,” in which the nation history. The American sense of mission shall be plays the role of God’s New Israel in redeeming identified throughout history, the rich denomina- the world. On the one hand, Prof. Robert Jewett’s tional life shall be described, and the rise of the lecture draws an alarming picture of the potential religious right as a political force during the last dangers of the strong civil religion in America if 40 years shall be examined. Finally, the students interpreted as a call to redeem the world by the will be prepared to write their own research destruction of enemies (zealous nationalism). On papers and will present their theses during class the other hand, Prof. Jewett describes the encou- sessions. raging possibilities of the rich religious life in the

34 HIGHER EDUCATION HIGHER EDUCATION 35 MAS Teaching Staff

MAS Teaching Staff 2004/05

Prof. Dr. Klaus von Beyme Prof. Dr. William Funk

Klaus von Beyme was born in 1934 in Saarau/Schlesien. He completed his William Funk studied at Harvard and Columbia Universities and practiced studies in the fields of Political Science, History and Sociology at the univer- law in the U. S. Department of Justice, the U. S. Department of Energy, and sities of Heidelberg, Munich, Paris and Moscow. From 1967 to 1973, Pro- on the Legislation Subcommittee of the Intelligence Committee of the U.S. fessor von Beyme taught Political Science at the University of Tübingen, and House of Representative. For the past 20 years he has taught Constitutional from 1973 to 1999 he continued his work as a Professor of Political Science Law, Administrative Law, and Environmental Law at the Lewis & Clark Law at the University of Heidelberg. In addition, from 1982 to 1985 Professor School in Portland, Oregon. He is the author of two books and numerous von Beyme was President of the International Political Science Association. articles, primarily concerning administrative law, and has served as the His major research fields are Comparative Politics and Political Theory, and Chair of the Administrative Law Sections of both the American Bar Associa- he is the author of numerous books and articles published in these fields. tion and the Association of American Law Schools. [email protected] [email protected]

Dr. Dorothea Fischer-Hornung Prof. Dr. Werner Gamerith

Dorothea Fischer-Hornung studied English and German at St. Louis Uni- Werner Gamerith studied Geography, Geology, and Geobotany at the Uni- versity in St. Louis, Missouri as well as at the universities of Munich and versities of Salzburg, Innsbruck, Graz, and Klagenfurt (Austria). From 1993 Tübingen. Afterwards, she completed her PhD in American Literature at the to 2002, he worked as an Assistant Professor at the Geography Department University of Heidelberg. Her special interests are African American studies, of the University of Heidelberg. In 2002 he obtained a postdoctoral degree ethnic studies, and womens’ studies. She is the author and editor of several and continued his work at Heidelberg as an Associate Professor. From 2002 books and numerous papers on African American dance and literature, to 2004, Prof. Gamerith was the General Secretary of the German Asso- ethnic crime fiction and Native American literature. Currently, she is presi- ciation for Geography. He also served as Vice President of the Heidelberg dent of MESEA, Society for Multi-Ethnic Studies: Europe and the Americas, Geography Association from 1994 to 2004. Werner Gamerith is currently a and editor of Atlantic Studies, a new interdisciplinary journal published by substitute professor of Regional Geography at the University of Passau. His Routledge, U.K. research topics focus around social and urban geography with particular in- terest in the United States. Werner Gamerith is author or co-editor of eleven [email protected] books on a broad thematic range of cultural and human geography.

[email protected]

36 HIGHER EDUCATION HIGHER EDUCATION 37 PD Dr. Philipp Gassert Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. Detlef Junker

Philipp Gassert studied History, Economics, and Public Law at the Univer- Detlef Junker studied History, Political Science, Philosophy, and German sity of Heidelberg, the University of Angers (France), and at the University Philology at the University of Kiel and the University of Innsbruck. In 1974, of Michigan in Ann Arbor. From 1994 to 1999, he was a research fellow he received the Venia legendi for Modern History and Theory of History. at the German Historical Institute in Washington, D.C. From 1999 to 2004 From 1975 to 1994, Professor Junker was Professor of Modern History at the he has served as Assistant Professor of History at the University of Heidel- University of Heidelberg. From 1994 to 1999, he was Director of the Ger- berg. In May of 2003, he became the Managing Director of the HCA and man Historical Institute in Washington, D.C. From 1999 to 2005, Professor in 2004 Associate Professor of History (Privatdozent) at Heidelberg. Dr. Junker held the Curt Engelhorn Chair for American History at the University Gassert is currently a Visiting Professor of North American Cultural History of Heidelberg. The foci of his research are U.S foreign policy, transatlantic at the University of Munich. He is the author of many books and essays on relations, and German-American relations. German-American relations, the history of the United States, and German history since 1945. [email protected] [email protected]

Prof. Dr. Robert Jewett Alexander Vazansky, M.A.

Robert Jewett is the Harry R. Kendall Professor Emeritus at the Garrett- Alexander Vazansky studied History and American Literature at the Univer- Evangelical Theological Seminary and the Northwestern University doctoral sities of Heidelberg and at Miami University, Ohio. He received his Master of program. He is currently a guest Professor in the Wissenschaftlich-theologi- Arts from Miami University. Mr. Vazansky wrote his MA Thesis on “American sches Seminar in Heidelberg. Prof. Jewett is the author or editor of eighteen Perceptions of Postwar Germany.” He worked as a TA for the Curt-Engel- books and more than 140 articles, ranging from technical biblical investiga- horn-Chair of American History. Furthermore, he was a lecturer for German tions to analyses of American culture. His most recent books are The Myth as a Foreign Language at the University of Heidelberg and at Yale Univer- of the American Superhero and Captain America and the Crusade against sity. Currently, he is working on his PhD Thesis, “An Army in Crisis: Social Evil: The Dilemma of Zealous Nationalism Conflicts in the United States Army, Europe and 7th Army, 1968-1975.” [email protected] [email protected]

38 HIGHER EDUCATION HIGHER EDUCATION 39 Outlook on the MAS Teaching Staff 2005/06 MESEA, Society for Multi-Ethnic Studies: Europe books are “The Myth of the American Superhero“ and the Americas, and editor of Atlantic Studies, and “Captain America and the Crusade against Prof. Dr. Manfred Berg on Latin America, geopolitics, geography, and El a new interdisciplinary journal published by Evil: The Dilemma of Zealous Nationalism.“ History Nino as well as numerous articles on these and Routledge, U.K. other subjects. He is a member in the editorial Manfred Berg studied History, Political Science, boards of various journals and periodicals in the Philosophy, and Public Law in Heidelberg. From USA, Europe, and Latin America. Prof. Dr. Richard Lehne 1989 until 1992 he has been working as assistant PD Dr. Philipp Gassert Fulbright Visiting Professor professor at the History Department of the John Interdisciplinary Seminar Political Science F. Kennedy-Institute for North American Studies of the Free University of Berlin. He spent several Alexander Emmerich, M.A. Philipp Gassert studied History, Economics, and Professor Richard Lehne received his B.A. from years in Washington, D.C., as research fellow and Interdisciplinary Colloquium Public Law at the University of Heidelberg, the Reed College and his Ph.D. from the Maxwell Deputy Director of the German Historical Institu- University of Angers (France), and at the Universi- School, Syracuse University. He previously taught te. From 2003 to 2005, he was Executive Director Alexander Emmerich studied Ancient, Medieval ty of Michigan in Ann Arbor. From 1994 to 1999, at St. Lawrence University and was Guest Profes- of the Center for U.S. Studies at the Leucorea and Modern History, German Philology, and Po- he was a research fellow at the German Historical sor at the Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Foundation in Wittenberg. In October, 2005, litical Science at the University of Heidelberg. His Institute in Washington, D.C. From 1999 to 2004 Frankfurt/Main, in 1993. Lehne currently teaches Berg was appointed Curt Engelhorn Professor of M.A. thesis explored “German Immigrants to the he has served as Assistant Professor of History at at Rutgers University, New Jersey. His primary American History at the University of Heidelberg. USA and the Case of Acculturation, 1830-1893”. the University of Heidelberg. In May of 2003, he field of interest is the interaction between the His recently completed doctoral dissertation is became the Managing Director of the HCA and political process and industrial decision making, entitled “From an Immigrant to a Millionaire. The in 2004 Associate Professor of History (Privat- focusing on advanced industrial nations, espe- Life of John Jacob Astor.” He has served as Pro- dozent) at Heidelberg. Dr. Gassert is currently a cially Germany, Japan, the United Kingdom, and Prof. Dr. Cesar N. Caviedes ject Manager for the HCA since April, 2003, and Visiting Professor of North American Cultural His- the United States. His approach is presented in Alexander von Humboldt Fellow is responsible for the coordination of research tory at the University of Munich. He is the author Industry and Politics: United States in Compara- Geography projects. of many books and essays on German-American tive Perspective (Prentice Hall, 1993). His current relations, the history of the United States, and work examines the governmental decision ma- Cesar N. Caviedes studied and taught at the German history since 1945. king process for programs promoting commercial Catholic University of Valparaiso in his home technologies, and he has recently completed country of Chile. After further studies at the Uni- Dr. Dorothea Fischer-Hornung review essays in this area for the American Politi- versity of Florence in Italy, he began his doctoral Interdisciplinary Seminar cal Science Review and the Policy Studies Review. studies in 1969 at the University of Freiburg. His Prof. Dr. Robert Jewett He is the author or editor of The Quest for Justice: international resume continued at the University Dorothea Fischer-Hornung studied English and Religious Studies The Politics of School Finance Reform (Longman, of Wisconsin-Milwaukee and at the University of German at St. Louis University in St. Louis, Mis- 1978); Casino Policy: An Analysis of Industry Saskatchewan-Regina. In 1980, he became the souri as well as at the universities of Munich and Robert Jewett is the Harry R. Kendall Professor Regulation (Rutgers University Press, 1986); and chair for Latin American geography at the Uni- Tübingen. Afterwards, she completed her PhD in Emeritus at the Garrett-Evangelical Theological Politics in New Jersey, revised edition, (Rutgers, versity of Florida. Caviedes has received awards American Literature at the University of Heidel- Seminary and the Northwestern University doc- 1979); as well as numerous other articles and from the Alexander von Humboldt Stiftung, the berg. Her special interests are African American toral program. He is currently a guest Professor reports. Canada Council for the Humanities, and the Nati- studies, ethnic studies, and womens’ studies. in the Wissenschaftlich-theologisches Seminar in onal Science Foundation. In 1996, the Conference She is the author and editor of several books and Heidelberg. Prof. Jewett is the author or editor of Latin Americanist Geographers awarded Ca- numerous papers on African American dance of eighteen books and more than 140 articles, viedes with the “Distinguished Latin Americanist and literature, ethnic crime fiction and Native ranging from technical biblical investigations to Career Award”. Caviedes has written eight books American literature. Currently, she is president of analyses of American culture. His most recent

40 HIGHER EDUCATION HIGHER EDUCATION 41 Dr. Steven Less University Berlin and the University of Heidelberg, Prof. Dr. Dietmar Schloss Alexander Vazansky, M.A. Law where he was a Volkswagen Foundation fellow. Literature Methodology His major research interests are in transnational Dr. Less is a senior research fellow at the Max and intercultural history with a focus on German- Prof. Dr. Dietmar Schloss teaches American Alexander Vazansky studied History and Ame- Planck Institute for Comparative Public Law and American relations during the twentieth century. literature and culture at the English Department of rican Literature at the University of Heidelberg International Law in Heidelberg, where he is also He is the author of “From Morgenthau to Marshall: the University of Heidelberg. He holds degrees in and at Miami University, Ohio. He received his Managing Editor of the MPI’s semi-annual biblio- American Economic Policy toward Germany, 1944- English and German Philology from the University Master of Arts from Miami University. He wrote graphy of public international law. A member of 1947” (in German; Zwischen Morgenthau und of Heidelberg (Habilitation) and Northwestern his M.A. thesis on “American Perceptions of Post- the NJ and NY bar associations, Less worked for a Marshall: Das wirtschaftspolitische Deutschland- University, Evanston (M.A., Ph.D.). As a Fellow of war Germany.” He worked as a TA for the Curt general practice law firm in NJ before first coming konzept der USA 1944-1947 [Düsseldorf: Droste, the American Council of Learned Societies, he was Engelhorn Chair of American History and taught to Heidelberg on a DAAD grant. Since 1999, he 1996]), is co-editor of America, the Vietnam War, a visiting scholar at the English and History De- German as a Foreign Language at the University has offered an introduction to Anglo-American law and the World: Comparative and International Per- partments at Harvard University. He has published of Heidelberg and at Yale University. Currently, he and legal terminology, covering public law, at the spectives (New York: Cambridge University Press, widely in the fields of eighteenth- and nineteenth- is working on his doctoral dissertation entitled University of Heidelberg. He has also previously 2003), and is adjunct editor of The United States century literature and culture; his most recent “An Army in Crisis: Social Conflicts in the United lectured on Anglo-American civil law within the and Germany in the Era of the Cold War, 1945- book, The Virtuous Republic (2003), examines the States Army, Europe and 7th Army, 1968-1975.” same course series. In addition, Less has taught 1990: A Handbook, 2 vols. (New York: Cambridge political visions of American writers during the international law and international human rights at University Press, 2004). He is currently substituting Founding Period of the United States. Presently Schiller International University in Heidelberg. Less for Philipp Gassert as Managing Director of the he is working on a book on the contemporary US- obtained an undergraduate degree from Middle- Heidelberg Center for American Studies. American novel tentatively entitled “American Pa- bury College in Vermont. He subsequently studied radise: Cultural Criticism in the Age of Postmoder- law at Seton Hall University School of Law in New nity and Postindustrialism”. He is also trying to set Jersey and completed a doctorate at the University up a new interdisciplinary group research project of Heidelberg, supported by a Max Planck Society Christiane Rösch, M.A. at the HCA investigating the role of intellectuals fellowship. Besides his comparative law thesis Interdisciplinary Colloquium and intellectual cultures in American society concerning involuntary commitment to psychiatric hospitals in the United States and Germany, Less Christiane Rösch studied English Literature and has published articles on American and internatio- Linguistics and Ancient, Medieval, and Modern nal law, most recently focusing on terrorism. History at the University of Heidelberg. In 1999, she received her M.A. in Modern History from the University of Durham/UK where she studied “Politics and Society in the USA.” Her M.A. thesis Dr. Wilfried Mausbach focused on Max Weber’s and Hermann Oncken’s Interdisciplinary Colloquium scholarship on the United States, 1900-1928. Cur- rently, she is finishing her dissertation “Winning Wilfried Mausbach received his Ph.D. from the the West. West Germany’s cultural foreign policy, University of Cologne, where he studied History, 1955-1972.” Her fields of interest include Cold War Political Science, and Philosophy. He has been a History, Transatlantic Relations, and Cultural Histo- research fellow at the German Historical Institute ry. Since 2003, she has served as Course Coordina- in Washington, D.C., and has held Assistant Pro- tor and Project Manager for the Heidelberg Center fessorships in History at both the John F. Kennedy for American Studies. Institute for North American Studies at the Free

42 HIGHER EDUCATION HIGHER EDUCATION 43 MAS Class of 2005

Maria Andrei Amanda Nga-Yan Chiu Maria Andrei was born in 1981 in Faget in Romania. In 2004 she earned her Born in 1981 in Hong Kong, China, Amanda Chiu studied English and B.A., majoring in English and minoring in American Studies at the University Japanese Studies at the University of Hong Kong, earning her B.A. in 2004. of Bucharest. Maria chose Heidelberg for her M.A., because of the excellent Amanda majored in Law, Political Science, and Religious Studies. Her thesis research opportunities and the long academic tradition of Heidelberg Univer- was entitled “Mirage of Amrriage and Beyond: The Same-Sex Marriage sity. Maria Andrei was the recipient of the Bernd Avon Maltzan-Scholarship Debate in America.” After returning to Hong Kong, she was offered a position 2004/05 in the MAS program. She majored in Literature, History, and Reli- as research assistant at her home university, but as yet is undecided how to gious Studies in the MAS program. Her M.A. thesis was entitled “Narrating pursue her career in the tourism industry. Memory in Toni Morrison’s Beloved and William Faulkner’s The Sound and the Fury”. Maria hopes to pursue a Ph.D. in American studies.

Stanisalw Burdziej Ean Fullerton Born in 1979 in Toru´n, Poland, Stanislaw Burdziej received a Diploma in Ean Fullerton was born in New York City in 1982. He studied Political Science, Special European Studies from the Jean Monnet Center for European Studies History, and Human Rights at Columbia College, Columbia University, New at the Nicolas Copernicus University (NCU) in Toru´n in 2002. He earned an York, receiving his B.A. in Political Science in 2004. Ean was an intern with the M.A. in Sociology from NCU in 2003 and a B.A. in Italian in 2004. Since 2003 Drum Major Institute in 2004, where he worked as a policy analyst. Ean chose he has been working on his Ph.D. on the sociology of religion in Poland and to come to Heidelberg to earn his M.A. in American Studies to gain an outside the U.S., but decided to take a sabbatical and join the MAS program after perspective on his home country. He majored in Geography, History, and Law. participating in the HCA Spring Academy 2004. In the MAS he majored in His- His thesis, “Women and Children Last: U.S. Failure to Ratify CEDAW and the tory, Law, and Religious Studies, writing his thesis on “Theocratic Experiments CRC,” examines the non-ratification of two major human rights conventions through American History: From the Puritans to Christian Reconstructionists.” by the United States. Ean is currently considering returning to Heidelberg to He was the recipient of a 2004/05 Wild Scholarship. Stanislaw has returned to pursue a Ph.D. NCU, where he is now teaching sociology, to finish his Ph.D.

Yuyun Chen Daniela Ganji Yuyun Chen was born in 1976 in Shanghai, China. After receiving her B.A. in Daniela Ganji was born in Novi Sad, Yugoslavia in 1977, and is a citizen of Slo- English and International Journalism from the University of Shanghai for Sci- vakia. After brief periods of study at the University of Koblenz-Landau and the ence and Technology (USST) in 1998, she began her professional career with a University of Vienna, Daniela received a Master of Arts at Comenius Universi- Shanghai public relations company. In 2002 she returned to USST, earning an ty, where she specialized in English, German, and Slovak. She chose to apply M.A. in Foreign Linguistics and Applied Linguistics in 2003. Before coming to to the HCA because of her interest in American Studies but also because she Heidelberg, she worked as a professional Chinese teacher. Yuyun, the recipient wanted to take advantage of the opportunity to study at the renowned Uni- of a 2004/05 Wild Scholarship, majored in Geography, Law, and Political versity of Heidelberg and fine tune her German language skills. She majored Science. Her thesis dealt with “The Interplay of International Environmental in History, Law, and Political Science, and wrote her thesis on “US Diplomacy Law and U.S. Environmental Law.” Yuyun Chen wants to earn her Ph.D. at vis-à-vis European Union.” Daniela hopes to pursue a career that focuses on Heidelberg before returning to China to pursue a career in media. the European Union and transatlantic institutions.

44 HIGHER EDUCATION HIGHER EDUCATION 45 Raluca Gheorghita Mark Olsztyn Raluca Gheorghita was born in 1981 in Bucharest, Romania. Before entering Mark Olsztyn was born in 1964 in Dearborn, MI. Prior to his studies at the the American Studies program in Heidelberg, Raluca received a Bachelor’s HCA, Mark received his Bachelor of Arts at Arizona State University and degree at the University of Bucharest, where she studied English and French. thereafter obtained a Master of Arts at Yale University in the subjects Graphic Raluca was initially drawn to the MAS program because she was interested Design, Art History, and German. Mark was attracted to the MAS program in German culture and was attracted by the long and rich tradition of the because he and his family live nearby and the program offered him the chance University of Heidelberg. A recipient of the HCA’s Director’s Fellowship, Raluca to further his education. While attending the HCA, Mark focused his studies majored in History, Religious Studies, and Law and wrote her thesis on “The on History, Literature and Religious Studies, and he wrote his MA thesis en- United States and the League of Nations: Lessons of the Past.” Raluca is titled “Through a Red Lens: Upton Sinclair’s Jimmie Higgins and the Socialist currently enrolled at University College, London. Cause in the Great War.” Mark is currently a full-time father and husband and hopes to continue his higher education in the planned HCA Ph.D. program.

Asim Juric Özge Özmen A citizen of Bosnia, Asim Juric was born in Sarajevo in 1975. Before applying Özge Özmen was born in 1982 in Istanbul, Turkey. She received her B.A. in to the MAS program, Asim received a diploma in Banking and Finance, as American Culture and Literature from Bilkent University, Ankara, in 2004. well as a Law degree at the University of Sarajevo. In addition, Asim worked Building on her undergraduate work, Özge discovered the MAS through the as an intern for the World Bank prior to his arrival in Heidleberg. Asim applied recommendation of some of her professors. Attracted by the program and to the HCA because he wanted to broaden his knowledge of the U.S. political Heidelberg itself, she chose to continue her education at the HCA, where she system, U.S. constitutional law, and U.S. foreign policy. Accordingly, Asim majored in History, Law, and Religious Studies. Her thesis was entitled “Lake selected History, Political Science and Law as his majors while at the HCA. He Tahoe vs. the Red Sea: A Discussion of Orientalism in Mark Twain’s ‘Traveling wrote his thesis on “The Weimar Intellectual Baggage in Leo Strauss’s Natural with the Innocents Abroad.’” Özge intends to continue on to doctoral work in Right and History.” Although Asim is currently a Project Coordinator for the American Studies. World University Service Austria, he hopes to one day either work in academia or practice law.

Solinda Kamani Amy Foster Parish Solinda Kamani was born in 1977 in Fier, Albania. Before coming to Hei- Amy Foster Parish was born in 1978 in Frankfort, Kentucky. She obtained her delberg, Solinda obtained a Bachelor of Arts in the subjects of History and B.A. in 2000 from the University of Louisville, where she majored in English. Geography at the University of Tirana, and also worked as a historian-ar- Amy was interested in the HCA’s offer of inside knowledge with an outside chaeologist at the Institute of Cultural Monuments in Tirana. She applied to perspective, a pairing that she hoped to replicate for herself in the course the HCA because she wanted to enrich her understanding and expand her of her studies. She also welcomed the chance to study her own culture from knowledge of the US political process. While at the HCA, Solinda chose to the outside at a university as well-renowned as Heidelberg. Amy majored in major in History, Religious Studies, and Geography. She wrote her Masters History, Law, and Literature, and her M.A. thesis was entitled “’He Thinks of thesis on the topic, “The American Policy toward Albania 1917-1921.” Solinda it Often:’ In Search of Deserters in American War Literature.” Amy hopes to is currently employed at the Institute of Cultural Monuments in Tirania. continue on to a Ph.D.

46 HIGHER EDUCATION HIGHER EDUCATION 47 Susan Ruppert Outlook on the MAS Class of 2006 M.S. in Systems Management from the University Susan Ruppert was born in Hannover, Germany, in 1980. She received her of Southern California, and a B.A. with distinction B.S. in International Business with a concentration in English from California Tamar Bakradze in Creative Writing from Eckerd College, St. Peters- State Polytechnic University, Pomonoa, in 2004. Her previous experience as (Georgia) burg, Florida. an international student, which included assisting international students with Born in 1981 in Tbilisi, Georgia, Tamar Bakkradze their matriculation and adjustments, coincided with the international outlook received a B.A. in English Literature in 2003 and Emily Floeck of the MAS. Susan majored in History, Law, and Literature. Susan’s thesis was an M.A. in American Studies in 2005 from Tbilisi (Canada) entitled “U.S. Foreign Policy toward Iran: The Impact of the 1953 Coup upon State University. She was a high school teacher in Born in Vancouver, Canada, in 1983, Emily Floeck U.S.-Iranian Relations.” She plans to pursue a career in economics. 2002/03 and is the recipient of an LBBW Scholar- received her B.A. in History from the University of ship 2005/06. British Columbia in 2005 and her “Diplome du Pro- gramme Internationale” from the Institut d’etudes Politiques in Paris in 2004. Anthony Santoro Eka Chixladze Anthony Santoro was born in Newport News, Virginia, in 1978. He earned his (Georgia) Aron Román Garcia B.A. in English and History at the University of Virginia in 1999. Anthony was Eka Chixladze was born in Kutaisi, Georgia, in (Mexico) attracted to the HCA because of its explicitly interdisciplinary structure, which 1980. In 2003, she received her B.A. in English Aron Roman was born in Zacatepec, Mexico, in comported well with his own educational aims. He also found the location Language and Literature from Tbilisi State Universi- 1982. He completed his undergraduate studies advantageous, as it would help him learn more about his wife’s culture ty and an M.A. in American Studies in 2005. Eka at the Universidad Internacional in Cuernavaca, and background. He majored in History, Literature, and Religious Studies. has worked as an English teacher and as a trans- Mexico, majoring in Spanish Literature. In 2004 he Anthony’s thesis was entitled “That Ye May Know: The Construction of Nat lator and has published an article in the Georgian was a teaching assistant at the University of the Turner, the Fanatic Prophet.” Anthony intends to pursue a Ph.D. in American “Journal of American Studies.” She was awarded Incarnate Word in San Antonio, Texas. Aron has Studies, preferably at the University of Heidelberg. with the Schurman Society Scholarship 2005/06. taught Spanish in Germany since 2005.

Raluca-Lucia Cimpean Nurzada Joldoshbekova (Romania) (Kyrgyzstan) Florian Vlad Born in 1981 in Blaj, Romania, Raluca Cimpean Nurzada Joldoshbekova was born in Kyzil-Adir, Florian Vlad was born in Iasi, Romania, in 1980. He received his B.A. in studied English and Romanian Language and Kyrgyzstan, in 1980. She received her B.A. in English and German from Ovidius University, Constanta, in 2004. Florian is Literature at the Babes-Bolyai University of Cluj- American Studies from American University- the recipient of several awards, including First Prize in a BBC World Service Napoca, where sheearned her B.A. in 2004 and an Central Asia in Kyrgyzstan in 2005. She won a essay writing competition (1997), and has published articles in The Oakhami- M.A. in American Studies in 2005. Before coming Future Leaders Exchange Program Scholarship and an (UK), Mamaliga (US), and Cuget Liber (Romania). Florian was interested to Heidelberg, she was an English teacher at spent 2000/01 in Cedar Springs, Michigan. in Heidelberg both to further his German and because of the atmosphere of Babes-Bolyai University. the university itself. He majored in History, Literature, and Political Science, Yuliya Vyacheslavivna Kyrprychova and his thesis was entitled “Metamprohoses of War Discourse in 20th Century Raymond Eberling (Ukraine) American Fiction.” Florian plans to pursue a Ph.D. (USA) Born in Potsdam, Germany, in 1979, Yuliya Raymond Eberling, born in 1948 in Suffern, New Kyrprychova graduated from the University of York, was a secondary school teacher before he Zaporozhye in the Ukraine in 2000 with a B.A. in joined the U.S. Air Force. A retired Lieutenant Colo- English Philology. In 2001, she earned her Diplo- nel, Ray is a Desert Storm Veteran and recipient of ma: Specialist in English Philology, which qualified numerous commendations and honors. He holds a her to teach English and German. In addition to B.A. in Education from the University of Florida, an teaching, she came to Germany as an au pair.

48 HIGHER EDUCATION HIGHER EDUCATION 49 Selina Lai Suet Lin Cristina Stanca-Mustea MAS Social Activities (China) (Romania) Selina Lai was born in 1980 in Hong Kong. She Cristina Stanca-Mustea was born in Bucharest, TGIF graduated from the University of Hong Kong with Romania, in 1982. She received her B.A. in Roma- a B.A. in English and Comparative Literature in nian and American Studies from the University of The TGIF or “Thank God it’s Friday” celebration has Of course, the TGIF event also offers a relaxed and 2002. She has since served as a research assistant Bucharest in 2005. Cristina is the 2005 recipient quickly become a festive and popular tradition at comfortable atmosphere for cultural exchange. in American Studies at the University of Hong of the DAAD Fellowship as part of the STIBET the Heidelberg Center for American Studies. This For example, those attending the gathering are Kong. program. social gathering, which takes place on the first encouraged to bring their own food and drink and Friday of each month, is an opportunity for the share culinary specialities, which are unique in Chisato Oka Anna Stojak students and faculty to meet outside the class- their home country. Thus, TGIF has often been a (Japan) (Poland) room and become acquainted with one another means of combining the aspects culture exchange Chisato Oka was born in Tokyo, Japan, in 1980. Born in Skierniewice, Poland, in 1981, Anna Stojak on a more personal basis. In many ways, the TGIF and culture diversity in the one festive forum. She received her B.A. from Temple University received her M.A. in Sociology and Social Science gathering brings the staff and students together In addition, HCA students, staff and faculty also in 2004, where she majored in Broadcasting. from Jagiellonian University in Krakow in 2005. and underlines the unique sense of unity that is came together on American holidays such as Hal- Subsequent to her graduation, Chisato served as a Recipient of the Friends of the HCA scholarship, evident at the HCA. Whether student or teacher, loween and Thanksgiving, giving them an oppor- production assistant for MTV Japan. Anna’s interest in American Studies was piqued staff member or intern, and regardless of the line tunity to learn more about and celebrate popular following a year abroad at Antioch University, of activity one might be involved with at the HCA, American customs and traditions. These events, Natallia Alexeyevna Parkhachut Ohio. the TGIF is a celebration in which all are invited to as well as the TGIF gatherings, are tremendously (Belarus) partake, and it provides a jovial atmosphere to ring enjoyed by all and they will continue to be integral Born in Brest, Belarus, in 1980, Natallia Park- Corina Torres in the weekend. component of the social life at the HCA for many hachut graduated from Brest State A.S. Pushkin (Peru) years to come. University, Belarus, in 2004. She also has studied Corina Torres was born in Lima, Peru, in 1970. at Lawrence University, Appleton, WI, and has A naturalized American citizen, she received her worked for a Belarusian-American joint venture. B.A. in Sociology from George Mason University in 1998. A committed social worker, Corina brings Justin Schwerling to the MAS an interest in poverty and immigration MAS Berlin Excursion (USA) issues. Justin Schwerling was born in Toledo, OH, in 1978. In April, after all of the term papers and exami- Office (Auswärtiges Amt) for an exclusive tour and He received his B.S. in Communications from Ohio Suge Wei nations for the Winter Semester were completed, lecture. Gregor Schotten treated HCA students to University in 2004. In addition to his studies, Justin (China) and just prior to beginning the Summer Semester, an excellent tour of the facilities and a thoughtful, is a member of the National Press Photographer Born in Beijing, China, in 1982, Suge earned her HCA students took part in a weeklong excursion detailed lecture on German-American relations, Association. B.A. in English at the Beijing Foreign Studies Uni- to Berlin. In this city of contradictions, students with regard both to the contemporary political and versity in 2005. The recipient of numerous acade- were able to explore past, present, and future in a diplomatic situation and to the historical develop- Ahmed Shiaan mic awards, Suge also translated Richard Wagner’s German, transatlantic, and global context. ment of the relationship, followed by an extensive (Maldives) Beethoven into Chinese. She is the recipient of the The first day of the trip was among the most question and answer session. Ahmed Shiaan was born in Male, Maldives, in 2005 Director’s Fellowship. hectic. The students met at the Heidelberg 1975. He obtained his B.A. in Economics, History, Hauptbahnhof (Main Train Station) early in the Tuesday brought a tour of the city itself. Beginning and Political Science from Bangalore University, In- morning of April 4, to depart for the six-hour train in the Lichtenberg section of Berlin, students dia, in 2002. A member of the Ministry of Foreign ride to Berlin. Once there, the students checked were bussed throughout the sprawling metropolis Affairs of the Maldives, Ahmed hopes to use his into their hotel and refreshed themselves shortly over the three-hour tour. That famous symbol of MAS studies to further his diplomatic career. before heading downtown to the German Foreign a divided city, country, and world, the Berlin Wall

50 HIGHER EDUCATION HIGHER EDUCATION 51 seemed always in sight or just around the next through the various countries in which he has That afternoon, the group visited the John F. Other popular sights in the Berlin area were the corner. Together with other famous symbols of worked. More interestingly, the speakers had Kennedy Institute for North American Studies at Checkpoint Charlie Museum (Mauermuseum/ division, such as the Brandenburg Gate (Branden- worked in the home nations of several HCA stu- the Free University of Berlin (Freie Universitaet Museum Haus am Checkpoint Charlie), which burger Tor) and Checkpoint Charlie, the Wall is an dents, which allowed the discussion to become Berlin). One of Europe’s premier centers for North one student described as a monument to human inescapable reminder of the past and the work more intimate as the cultural and informational American Studies, the Institute is a pivotal trans- ingenuity; the Museum Island, home to, among that has been and continues to be done to bring exchange was more personal and detailed. atlantic institution. There the students were given others, the Pergamon and the National Gallery peoples together. a lecture on the history of the Kennedy Institute (Alte Nationalgalerie); the Charlottenburg Palace; The following day, the students headed over to and of Kennedy’s relationship with Berlin itself and Sans-Souci in nearby Potsdam. Overall, the The tour of the city also highlighted some of the the Jewish Museum, one of the more sobering and taken on a tour of the facilities, including the excursion was a great success. In the midst of marvels of Berlin’s variegated architecture. Berlin events on the excursion. This monument to library complex. an international American Studies program, the is home to many magnificent churches, such as Jewish life and history in Germany over the last Berlin excursion was a chance not only to deepen the Berlin Cathedral (Berliner Dom), the Kaiser two millennia moved each student in a different Wilhelm Memorial Church (Kaiser-Wilhelm-Ge- way as it presented in detail the complex history daechtniskirche), and the identical Hugenot and of Jews in Germany, with attention paid to all German Cathedrals (Französischer und Deutscher of the celebrations and tragedies that make up MAS Luncheon Dom) churches at Gendarmenmarkt. Another that history. Itself a monument to memory in its sharp contrast is the Nikolai Quarter (Nikolaivier- various forms, the Museum hosts several exhibi- On February 15, 2005 Jakob Köhlhofer, director of American Studies in 2002 on the relevance of the tel), which is a reconstructed showcasing of Old tions and pieces of art concerning memory. The the German-American Institute (DAI) Heidelberg, field in the twenty-first century. Berlin, and the Potsdamer Platz, home to dizzying design of the Libeskind Building, which is laid invited MAS students and staffers to a luncheon skyscrapers. Another architectural marvel is the out along axes of memory, and exhibitions such at the DAI with two of the most distinguished Both scholars made brief introductory remarks German Bundestag, at which the HCA had an as the Holocaust Tower, the Garden of Exile and scholars in the field of American Studies, Donald on vital issues in American studies followed by a exclusive tour and lecture that afternoon. The Emigration, the Fallen Leaves (Shalechet), and E. Pease and John Carlos Rowe. For the students lunch, which left room for a more informal dis- lecture, which took place above the Plenarsaal, the permanent Two Millennia of German Jewish the luncheon offered the opportunity to meet cussion. The event concluded with an hour-long provided a wealth of information on the unique History exhibition incite the visitor to consider the two authors they had read for their methodology discussion between the students, the HCA staff, features of the Bundestag, on such matters as making and effect of memory, past, present, and class. They were able to discuss current trends and the two scholars on the issues raised during design and architecture, the politics of interior future. in the development of the discipline as well as their opening remarks. design, and the meanings behind the symbols the field’s relevance in analyzing current cultural both within and without. This lecture was widely Thursday saw a return to the transatlantic theme trends in U.S. politics. In his presentation Prof. Rowe outlined his vision discussed afterward and was one of the more with a visit to the Allied Museum. This museum of the New American Studies. The field is moving interesting moments of the excursion. focuses on the immediate post-World War II Donald Pease, professor of English, Avalon away from the study of a narrowly defined natio- history of Germany and the reconstruction of the Foundation Chair of the Humanities, and Chair of nal culture toward a broader concept of “Com- Continuing with the transatlantic theme of the West. Particular attention was devoted to the the Liberal Arts Studies Program at Dartmouth parative Western Hemispheric Studies” which excursion, HCA students went from the Bundes- Berlin Airlift of June, 1948 through September, College, is the co-editor of The Futures of Ameri- includes the cultural as well as the geographical tag to a reception and discussion at the America 1949, and to a chapter in German-American can Studies (Duke University Press 2002), already borderlands in which various cultures come into House (Amerikahaus), an arm of the United history that is often overlooked, the coming toge- one of the most influential essay collections on contact. According to Rowe, New American States Department of State. There, the discussion ther of couples in post-war Germany. The Allied the development of the discipline. Studies scholars were concerned with the internal with Dr. Roy Weatherston, Cultural Attaché, was Museum is not only a display of developmental colonization of the United States and the conflict spirited and lively, providing insights into the and governmental changes in post-war Germany; John Carlos Rowe, Associates’ Professor of the between this internal colonization and U.S. workings of the American diplomatic corps. Dr. it is also a showcasing of how ordinary people Humanities at the University of Southern Califor- imperialism. New American Studies are a utopian Weatherston’s talk was as geographically varied reacted to an extraordinary world. nia, is one of the contributors to the collection. endeavor in which scholars seek a post-nationa- as the HCA itself, ranging over continents and He has also published a monograph The New list culture.

52 HIGHER EDUCATION HIGHER EDUCATION 53 Prof. Pease’s remarks were concerned with the During the final discussion the two speakers Excursion to the U.S.A. notion of American exceptionalism, historical- pointed out the exceptionalist and anti-modernist ly one of the central paradigms of American agenda of the neoconservatives in the current The HCA and the Curt Engelhorn Chair for American History at the Studies, and its expression in politics and culture. U.S. administration. Neoconservatives and University’s History Department cooperate frequently to organize Pease sees two phases of exceptionalism in religious fundamentalists are allied in arguing an excursion to the United States. This cooperation offers students American culture. During the first phase, begin- for the primacy of militant security in foreign and the opportunity to gain first hand knowledge of the U.S. Previous ning during World War II, American culture was domestic policy. Dissent had been viewed as a excursions, then organized exclusively by the Curt Engelhorn Chair, characterized as the stable exception to Europe’s positive concept only as long as U.S. policy was included “The Cities of Liberty”, visiting the sites of the American constant culture of strife. After the collapse of the defined in conflict with an enemy that suppressed Revolution in 2000 and “The Mind of the South: Conflict, Commerce, Soviet Union and the emergence of the European political dissent, such as the Soviet Union. Both and Construction Since 1861”, visiting the Deep South in 2002. Union, such an oppositional definition was no speakers saw the European Union as a bastion longer feasible or useful. The new exceptionalism for values of openness and tolerance which they is characterized by the U.S. government’s claim believe are endangered in the United States. “How the West Was Won”: Heidelberg that the United States, as the sole remaining Student Trip to the American West, superpower, is above the rules and laws that Overall the participants of the luncheon enjoyed September 4 to 22, 2005 govern the nations of the world. Both speakers a stimulating and fruitful discussion that gave believe that it is vital for American studies to rise to the hope that the HCA and the DAI will be J. William Fulbright once remarked that the delberg Faculty of Philosophy, the University of provide a critical analysis of the United States able to put together similar events in the future. United States did not become a world power Heidelberg International Office, and the Compa- and question its cultural assumptions. due to its actions in the field of foreign policy, gnie Franche. On September 4, fifteen Heidelberg but because it used the 19th century to develop students and six HCA staff members, including the North American continent. In this sense, the Founding Director Detlef Junker, embarked on the successive waves of exploration, conquering, and long journey across the American West from St. settlement of the American West laid the founda- Louis to San Francisco. tion for the dominant role that the United States MAS Transatlantic Wine Tasting at the BASF later was able to play in world politics. While the conquest of the areas west of the Mississippi During the winter term 2004/05, one of, if not especially of the international MAS students, was achieved at considerable cost, especially for the social highlight was the generous invitation a professional and very charming wine tasting the original inhabitants of these vast territories, from BASF AG to an exquisite “transatlantic wine and an extensive dinner, which was especially expansion shaped American politics, culture, and tasting” accompanied by an excellent dinner. fancy for those among the group accustomed to society. Thus, the course of American history can BASF has generously supported the activities of eating in one of Heidelberg’s canteens. Bernhard hardly be explained without taking the impact of the HCA since the center’s foundation in 2003. Wolff, one of the BASF’s cellarers, prepared an the West into account. On January 31, 2005, a group of around 40 impeccable selection of white and red wines scholars – HCA staff, tutors, and MAS students from both sides of the Atlantic. By explaining the Exploring the historical as well as the present The Gateway Arch (St. Louis, MO): Gateway to the West and – made their way to nearby Ludwigshafen to ac- history of each wine, the transatlantic relation- significance of the American West was the aim perfect starting point for the Western Excursion. cept the invitation of Dr. Kurt Bock, Chief Finan- ships of different wine-growing estates and by of this 18-day excursion, which was organized cial Officer of BASF Aktiengesellschaft. We were including anecdotes and curiosities, he made the by Alexander Emmerich, Philipp Gassert, and All of the participants had prepared themselves prepared not to show up in our daily dresses, but wine tasting a fascinating and truly transatlantic Christiane Roesch of the HCA and which was for this trip by attending one of two seminars on we didn’t expect such an extraordinary reception: experience for the HCA. In the end, nobody went made possible through generous grants from the Western history that had been taught at Heidel- An unforgettable evening with hosts who were home hungry and everyone had acquired a taste German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD), the berg during the preceding semesters: How the highly interested in the HCA and the biographies for at least one of the offered wines. Schurman Foundation, the University of Hei- West Was Won: The History of U.S. Continental

54 HIGHER EDUCATION HIGHER EDUCATION 55 Expansion (winter semester 2004/05) and The to President Truman, as members of Congress, conducted by Nebraska’s Western historians, we violent conflicts. After a first encounter with a West of the West: 19th Century California History and as journalists, they tried to understand some were drawn into a lively exchange on comparati- (peaceful) buffalo herd in Wind Cave National (summer semester 2003). of the difficulties facing American decision-ma- ve and historical perspectives of “frontiers” and Park, we visited two of the more controversial kers during the atomic ages of the Cold War. “borderlands” in recent historiography. memorials in the Black Hills: the Crazy Horse St. Louis, the natural starting point for any explo- In Lincoln, Nebraska, we finally had arrived in Memorial and Mount Rushmore National Mo- ration into the vast hinterland which the United the “true West.” During a visit to the Nebraska In the evening Philipp Gassert and Detlef Junker nument. The violent end of the conflict between States had acquired with the Louisiana Purchase State Capitol we received a thorough introduction jointly presented the 2005 Carroll R. Pauley the Lakota and the U.S. government stood at the of 1803, provided us with our first base. The site into past and present politics of a prairie state, Memorial Lecture on “The American Century and center of Wounded Knee Museum, which we visi- of the Museum of Western Expansion as well as where agricultural interests are still a dominant Beyond: Two German Perspectives.” Given the ted in Wall, South Dakota. We also encountered the Gateway Arch, St. Louis also hosts the famous feature. Much of the day was devoted to a visit to recent ruptures in transatlantic relations, this the present situation while traveling through the Court House, where what became known as the the University of Nebraska, one of Heidelberg’s lecture was followed by a vivid debate. Badlands and the Pine Ridge Reservation. This Dred Scott Case first was heard in local courts American partner universities. After a welcome exploration of the Indian Wars was concluded in 1847. Expertly lead by a National Park Service reception hosted by Prof. Kenneth Winkle, Chair The following two days were devoted to the Ore- with a visit to the Little Bighorn Battlefield in Ranger, we studied the role of the West in the of the University of Nebraska-Lincoln History gon Trail and the history of the settlement of the Montana, site of “Custer’s Last Stand,” and the aggravating of the sectional conflict that finally Department, the Heidelberg group sat down American West. Traveling along the Platte River, museum that has been erected there by the Crow led to the American Civil War. On the following with a number of our Nebraska colleagues to with stops at Fort McPherson National Cemetery Indians. day, we hit the road, traveling in a brand-new discuss current trend in the historiography of and Buffalo Bill’s home in North Platte, we visited and comfortable bus that became our second the American West. Professors Alan Steinweis, a a number of historically significant sites along home during the following two weeks. Stopping former Fulbright Visiting Professor to Heidelberg, the Oregon Trail: Chimney Rock, Scott’s Bluff, the in Independence, Missouri, the site of the Harry and John Wunder had organized a workshop with Register Cliffs, and Fort Laramie National Historic S. Truman Presidential Library, the students graduate students and the History Department’s Site, one of the military strongholds erected du- participated in a White House Decision Center Western historians. Following presentations of ring the 1850s to help pacify the prairie and site role-play on the Berlin Crisis. Acting as advisers the various research projects currently being of several notorious “Indian Treaties.” A late-mor- ning hike up Scott’s Bluff in searing temperatures provided us with a first-hand experience not only of Western nature, but also of the harsh climate with which the original inhabitants of the Ame- rican West and the 19th-century newcomers had A souvenier from the American West: the famous Stetson. to contend. This two-day trip through the high prairie came to an end in Lusk, WY, a railhead Through the wide open spaces of northern Wyo- from which cattle were shipped East during the ming and southern Montana we were led directly late 19th century. into Yellowstone National Park, where we spent two days exploring the natural history of the Our visit to Ft. Laramie introduced the next the- American West, as well as the history of public me of our trip, the “Indian Wars” on the northern and private efforts to conserve some of the most Great Plains, which pitted the U.S. government, famous natural wonders of the United States. its Indian allies, and the dominant Indian nation Our two days of exploration into Western nature on the northern prairies, mainly the Lakota kicked off in grand fashion as we awoke to a herd Western Excursion Group Photo: a symbolic joining of hands at (Sioux), against each other. The Black Hills of of elk relaxing outside of our hotel and continued Promontory Point, UT, where the Golden Spike was driven. South Dakota, which the Lakota consider sacred in grand fashion, with hikes and visits to geysers, ground, were of particular concern during these waterfalls, and lakeshores.

56 HIGHER EDUCATION HIGHER EDUCATION 57 reached the shores of the Pacific after crossing University of California at Berkely, where we were the Sierra Nevada over Donner Pass. The Golden welcomed by Christina von Hodenberg, DAAD Gate Bridge greeted us wrapped in characteristic Visiting Professor for History. Since this was only swaths of fog, which provided for an impressive two days after the German national elections, the backdrop for a final group picture. In San Francis- discussion centered on current affairs as well as co the history of Asian immigration, Napa Valley, the continuing impact of the East-West divide on and the U.S. penitentiary on Alcatraz Island German political culture. After feasting on Indian completed our historical explorations and further cuisine on the last night of our journey, we bid added to the stunning variety of visited sites, the American West farewell. After 21 hours en each representing often conflicting views of the route we finally returned to Germany, tired, but America’s past and present. We rounded out our wiser, and with many eye-opening experiences program of scholarly visits with a meeting at the behind us.

Even cowboys need a rest.

Our detour through Yellowstone more than ex- universities, the University of Utah at Salt Lake ceeded expectations, and some members of our City. Here we were welcomed by Prof. Robert group had a close encounter not only with two Goldberg and his students from the History buffalo, but with a black bear. Heading south Department. This second roundtable focused on through Idaho, we further explored the history issues particular to the 20th century American of travel and communication at the Golden Spike West, an image which in a way has become National Site at Promontory Point, Utah, where linked with conservative politicians. We again en- the first transcontinental railroad was completed joyed the wonderful hospitality of our American in 1869. hosts as well as a lively and productive discussion Finale group photo before the Golden Gate Bridge. with graduate students and professors from the The religious history of the American West Utah History Department. In addition, we enjoy- provided the main focus of our next destination, ed meeting some German exchange students as Salt Lake City. There we visited Temple Square, well as University of Utah administrators at the where The Church of Jesus Christ and the Latter University’s International Department. Day Saints (the Mormon Church) maintains its international headquarters. Salt Lake also served The final leg of our trip led us across the Utah as the backdrop of a round of scholarly discussion and Nevada desert, including an overnight stay with members of another of Heidelberg’s partner in the gambling town of Winnemuca. We finally

58 HIGHER EDUCATION HIGHER EDUCATION 59 Special Feature

60 61 Unipolar Folly? Disfunctional Visions across the Atlantic Obviously, no one can master all these dimensi- that Romantic imagination: So that we can ons, their linkages, and their distinctive discipli- continue becoming something new, as indeed we Keynote address delivered at the MAS nes. One does what one can. But it does help to must, without ceasing to be what we have been Commencement 2005 on October 26, by start with an approach that is sensitive to the before. So that we can not only understand, ho- Prof. David P. Calleo interconnectedness of things. A holistic approach nor and adapt our own traditions, but enter with is compelled to be more open to the richness sympathy into those of our global neighbors, and and complexity of human affairs. It encourages thereby become more open and sensitive to a a more active, less easily satisfied curiosity, broader range of human feeling and experience. perhaps also a greater humility. This omnivorous, holistic approach, of course, is Historically, this interdisciplinary approach to not very “academic.” Academic disciplines have history, the very idea of a culture, has been a a tendency to see less, in order to understand particular German specialty, associated with the it better – to construct, a priori, a limited but flood-tide of German Romanticism and Philoso- coherent vision of reality, and exclude whatever phical Idealism – with its accompanying politics doesn’t fit within it, to achieve rational clarity by of liberal nationalism. These ideas form a tradi- using abstractions to censor reality. Of course, tion rich with insight and creativity. Leery as we this narrowing of focus is essential to any acade- are of the excesses of nationalism, we should not mic discipline, but has many dangers and should forget how wonderfully open and generous this always be challenged. Prof. David P. Calleo, Dean Acheson Professor and Director of early German nationalism was. Think of Herder. European Studies Program at Johns Hopkins University’s Paul H. Nitze His basic message to Germans was: Preserve and Otherwise imaginations imprison themselves in a School of Advanced International Studies, Washington, D.C. honor your own culture, the better to respect and house of abstractions, with windows and doors enjoy the cultures of your neighbors. Herder saw closed. Communication with other houses gradu- “European” culture not as a beautifully mani- ally diminishes. People grow deaf to each other. I feel privileged to join you today – to celebrate We are heartened and flattered to find such dis- cured lawn but as richly diverse flower-garden, What they do not understand, they dislike. Wor- the success of the Heidelberg Center for Ameri- tinguished new company. My colleagues at SAIS where every nation was its own plant, with its se, they grow afraid of each other. Something like can Studies - a fine new institution in a great old join me in sending you our warmest greetings own distinctive flowers, and its own inalienable that, unfortunately, is what has been happening university. Not always an easy combination. All and congratulations. right to bloom. Herder was, we might say, the to our transatlantic relationship. Today’s trans- honor to those who have made it succeed. first Gaullist good European. He was himself a atlantic difficulties are not merely an unusually One of the greatest advantages of “area studies” prodigious and loving student of other cultures heavy load of particular conflicts and grievances. Perhaps it is particularly appropriate that someo- is that it more or less demands an interdiscipli- – Hebrew, Slavic, Norse, Ancient Greek. They reflect something more fundamental: basic ne should be here from my own university, Johns nary approach. If you want to make sense of differences in the way we look at the world. To Hopkins is sometimes called the first German what goes on in a country or a region, economics Romanticism, together with its omnivorous start with my side of the Atlantic: university in America. Founded in 1876, it was cannot be separated from politics, nor politics curiosity and sympathy, also brought with it a our first research university on the German model from history and philosophy, nor from sociology, particularly dynamic form of political imagination Since the collapse of the Soviet Union, the Ame- – the first to offer the Ph.D. degree. literature, art or music. Music, for example: Can – a magical capacity for transforming the present rican political imagination has been bemused any account of the forming of a German nation into the future, without losing the past. This by a “unipolar” vision of world order – a global My own school within Johns Hopkins – the Nitze state in the 19th century be complete without capacity for creative continuity was a great gift to system of interrelated states with one clearly School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS), considering the ideas and influence of Richard the moral and political imagination of the West. dominant “superpower.” America’s power is seen together with its Bologna Center, has been labo- Wagner? Would Italians have created a nation In our own world, constantly driven to rediscover as radically superior to that of any other country, ring in transatlantic studies for over sixty years. state without Verdi? and redefine itself, we urgently need to regain

62 SPECIAL FEATURE SPECIAL FEATURE 63 or combination of countries, and fated to remain enabled by satellites, now have something ana- are not. Instead they turn to terrorism – the form deficits returned, while the big external deficits so for the foreseeable future. logous to the “shock and awe” achieved by the of warfare that suits their weakness and mocks continued growing. Private foreign investment, German Blitzkrieg in the early days of World War our strength. however, fell sharply and the dollar with it. This vision of unipolar power comes in two II. “Transforming” the American military into such The U.S. is also vulnerable at the other end of the Today, the principal financiers of America’s big dimensions, economic and military. The economic a force has had great aesthetic and intellectual military spectrum – the realm of strategic nuclear external deficit are Japan and China. [Figures] was the work of the Clinton administration. The appeal. Having such military predominance has weapons. These, like terrorism, produce highly In effect, their central banks finance their own mid-1990’s saw an unprecedented boom, built on gradually encouraged a geopolitical ambition asymmetrical results. As with terrorism, a perver- national exports to America. Japan, rich and high consumption, low saving, heavy investment that corresponds with it. Global hegemony has se military logic works against the U.S. The more stagnant, has done this for decades and may in new technologies, and fuelled by huge inflows begun to seem an obligation imposed by history. America’s overweening military power threatens well continue. But sooner or later, China, still a of foreign capital. For the first time since World The power to dominate creates the duty to smaller countries with forcible regime change, the very poor country, with a huge internal market War II, America’s productivity growth began dominate. more they seek asymmetric weapons to deter us. of its own to develop, seems likely to find a more regularly outpacing that of Europe and Japan. As they can no longer fight, toe to toe, against satisfactory use of its savings than subsidizing Unemployment was at near-record lows and As current events remind us, America’s unipolar our conventional military power, their options are America’s consumption. Without its big Chinese inflation scarcely visible. When Clinton left office visions have lately been having severe encounters terrorism on the one hand and nuclear weapons subsidy, the dollar would fall and presumably in 2000, the federal budget was pointed toward with reality. Recent years have, for example, or weapons of mass destruction on the other. America’s foreign consumption would falter. This a large surplus. So much success naturally served produced severe shocks to our military expecta- might help to revive manufacturing in America, to reinforce America’s self-image as the avatar tions. Our military transformation to “net centric Meanwhile, it is no secret that many of our milita- but also implies a painful drop in living stan- of liberal globalization. True, the U.S. continued warfare” seems not compatible with the require- ry leaders feel the U.S. to be already dangerously dards. Certainly, the assumption of unlimited to run a large, and growing, external or current ments of our unipolar global role. The invasion of overstretched. The greater our military victories, resources, implicit in the vision of the unipolar account deficit. America’s economy was continu- Iraq, however brilliantly executed at the outset, it almost seems, the weaker we have grown. In superpower, would be more difficult to sustain. A ing to absorb – consume and invest – substanti- seems in the end to have replaced a rogue state Iraq and Afghanistan, the U.S. has defeated two major breakdown in the world’s financial system ally more than it produced. That external deficit that was being successfully contained with a undoubtedly evil regimes. But, by itself, the U.S. could very well follow. had to be financed by an equivalent inflow of failed state that requires an indefinite and bloody lacks the military power, as well as the political foreign capital. In the 1990’s, that seemed not to occupation. Failed states, societies in chaos, ob- and moral authority, to bring either victory to Longer term trends in the world economy also be a problem. Private foreign investors, attrac- sessed with their grievances, are natural breeding a tolerable conclusion. To do so will require the seem in disharmony with the unipolar vision. Re- ted above all by the technology boom, regularly grounds for global terrorism, to which we feel military, political and economic assistance of spectable projections see the Chinese GDP over- flooded the U.S. with more than enough capital ourselves highly vulnerable. many countries. To enlist those resources requires taking the American in a few decades. Nothing, to cover the external deficit. Rather than worry legitimacy from a genuine consensus in the inter- of course, guarantees China’s continuing rapid about their deficit, Americans could congratulate Of course, we argue that terrorism is an ille- national community. Under such circumstances, growth. As has happened so often over the past themselves on the attractiveness of their huge gitimate form of military power. We should a militarized foreign policy, scorning allies and two centuries, war and revolution may come to and fast-expanding economy. And although the not be surprised if the argument carries little global institutions, is not very promising. rob this gifted people of the fruits of their labor debts kept growing rapidly, the GDP grew still weight with the terrorists themselves. Terrorism and talent. But if China does collapse, the rest of faster. is the asymmetric populist weapon, the natural Well, if the evolution of military power belies the world is unlikely to escape unscathed. China recourse of the weak and dispossessed of this a Pax Americana, what about the evolution of could, however, continue growing rapidly for a This unipolar economic vision has had, all along, world. Against terrorism our large and specta- economic power? Is the world economy “unipo- long time. There is still a huge reserve of Chinese its military twin – the U.S. as the only global cularly expensive military establishment is of lar?” Recent events and long-term trends suggest labor to draw on, plus an enormous gap between superpower. Developing this side of the unipolar limited use. It is trained and equipped to attack otherwise. In 2001, the feverish stock market Chinese and Western wages. China, moreover, vision has been the specialty of the Bush adminis- other military establishments that cooperate by bubbled and collapsed. The administration and has a phenomenal savings rate – some estimate tration. Never in modern history, we like to say, meeting us head-on. But our enemies do not the Congress reacted with substantial tax cuts roughly 60% of GDP. China is also becoming a has one nation been so militarily predominant as always cooperate. They refuse to fight the wars and, after the atrocities of 9/11, with security major technological and scientific power in its the U.S. is today. American conventional forces, for which we are so lavishly prepared and they spending approaching a Cold War scale. Big fiscal own right.

64 SPECIAL FEATURE SPECIAL FEATURE 65 upon us in this new century, the problems of the Europe’s Union is a great advance over traditional last century – absorbing a rising Germany and state systems. It is a community that enables America – seem comparatively trivial. rather than diminishes national sovereignty. It enriches national identity by adding a regional Well, what is the upshot of all this analysis? The identity. In each of its members, it supplies a answer seems simple. Neither economically nor kind of institutionalized super-ego to discipline militarily is the world unipolar, nor is it moving national power, to transform interstate relations in that direction. It is therefore difficult not to from a zero-sum game to one of mutual gain. regard the whole American unipolar perspective At the same time, it provides the machinery for on the future as a serious historic misperception, elaborating, achieving and protecting national leading to dangerously dysfunctional policies. If interests in a world of neighbors. In short, the catastrophe is to be avoided in this new century, Union becomes a vital element in the constitutio- as the global system grows more plural, and nal structure of each of its members. It embodies inherently more conflictual, the world’s great a political technology of great promise, not only The audience, including parents and families of the graduates and HCA faculty and staff, powers, rising and declining, must learn to in Europe but elsewhere across the globe. enjoys the keynote address in the Great Hall of Heidelberg‘s “Old University“ conciliate each others’ reasonable dreams, and develop machinery to anticipate problems before The benefits are great as well for the United China’s continuing success will undoubtedly workforce will have a different impact. The new they grow unmanageable. The most promising States. America’s hyperactive power abroad shake things up in the world. Not only will its global average for wages will have a long way to model is unlikely to be unipolar America’s hege- threatens its own constitutional balance at home. GDP eventually overtake that of the U.S., and fall from current Western standards. monic fantasy. But if we are lucky, perhaps it will So much military power and financial wealth, the EU and perhaps go well beyond either, but be something like the currently unfashionable combined with an enthusiastically imperial mind- its competitive prowess also gravely threatens Naturally, Western workforces will fight to dreams of the European Union. set among America’s political elites, threatens to Western living standards. So what? The postwar insulate themselves to preserve their living overwhelm the country’s old-fashioned system of rise of Japan and Asia’s “Little Tigers” also distur- standards and their welfare systems. Under the This brings me to Europe’s vision of the post- national checks and balances. Surely, that is one bed many Western interests. But the competitive circumstances, wide-scale protectionism seems Soviet global system. Many Europeans would of the most compelling lessons of the Iraq war. adjustments made everyone better off in the a likely political imperative. A world evolving deny having anything so grandiose as a global A global super power, it seems, requires a global end. Why should China’s rise, or India’s for that in this way implies not a closely integrated and vision. Unlike many Americans, who dream of a dimension to its constitution. The more powerful matter, have different effects? U.S. dominated world economy but one more world that is American, Europeans dream only of the U.S. becomes, the more a friendly but strong segmented and politically regulated. National Maastricht and Copenhagen – a “Europe that is Europe becomes essential not only to limit, refine The answer is that both introduce an unprece- economies relatively compatible with one another European.” But this is hardly a trivial ambition. and reinforce American power in the world, but dented problem of scale. The earlier rising Asian will perhaps group into large blocs, perhaps also to contain it at home. A strong cohesive economies – South Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong, each around a dominant or common currency, With their EU, European states have been crea- European Union, with a mind of its own, would Thailand, Singapore or Malaysia – had popula- or a relatively stable monetary union. Ideally, ting a new political formula – a Union of nation itself go a long way toward ending American tions of middle-sized or small European states. these blocs will remain reasonably open to each states. It is not a federation, or even a federation daydreams of a unipolar world. Even Japan’s population is smaller than that of other. But the occasions for severe conflict – both in the making, but rather an association of free In short, Europe and the U.S. have become part France and Germany combined. As competition within countries and among them – will be very states, increasing their real sovereign power by of each others’ constitutional balance. The U.S. drove Japanese and Western wages toward a great. In short, today’s unfolding trends do not cooperating. Together, they achieve national aims needs a strong Europe – to preserve its own sa- common average, the pressure on Japanese necessarily promise either abundance or peace. that they could never hope to achieve alone. nity. Europe, to be sure, also needs the U.S. There wages to go up was much greater than on Instead, they point to a harsh confrontation would never have been a European confederacy Western wages to go down. Bringing the huge between Asian growth and Western prosperity. without strong American support. The U.S. was populations of China and India into the global Compared to these global adjustments coming

66 SPECIAL FEATURE SPECIAL FEATURE 67 Europe’s silent partner, a guarantor against mitive capitalism so vaunted these days in Britain practical challenge. Europe and America will both balanced and rounded power, with the collective Europe’s Bad Old Times returning. If Europe and and America. But Europe’s civilized economic need to rejuvenate their creative imaginations, means – military as well as economic – to make America are to regain their interest and regard model now has to compete within radically more to draw on their deeper reserves of philosophy its weight felt more effectively. As Europe grows for each other, that vital Cold War relationship competitive global markets. It needs to reconcile and history. That is why Europe’s rich postwar more assertive and effective, more confident of now urgently needs redefining. its humane social values with greater economic experience in supranational institution building is what its own rich experience has to offer the efficiency. And it will have to use political power so important for the world, as well as for itself. world, Europe and America should begin to If we fail, as we failed in the Iraq war, we shall to protect its prosperity and its social values, but regain their old intimacy. Our imaginations will end up defeating each other. Instead of a united without destroying its competitive vitality, or its You, the graduates of the Class of 2005 and the once more be able to speak freely to each other and balanced West, there will be an overexten- democracy. Here, having the EU should greatly candidates of the Class of 2006, of course, are – to enrich and strengthen one another. ded and hysterical America and a fragmented strengthen Europe’s hand. the heirs of that experience. It is yours – to use and embittered Europe. Given the enormous well, or use badly. It begins to look as if your Meanwhile, we can hope that our great educatio- problems of global adjustment that lie ahead, Protection within an internally liberal but large generation is fated to live in one of those historic nal institutions, like yours and mine, have helped the West needs to stop failing – to rise to its and diverse bloc risks far less collateral damage moments that will either be a great success or a to prepare your generation, on both sides of the own great creative political traditions, to put its to competitiveness than protection on a national terrible failure. For better or worse, Americans Atlantic, for the great trials ahead. We can hope own house in order. Only thus can we meet the scale. Arguably, a new vocation for protectionism know they cannot hide from shaping history. that your visions of the future are balanced and demands of the rest of the world with imaginati- may prove the key to restoring the EU to popular Europeans must know this too. To play its own humane – and that they do justice to the best of on and generosity. favor. So far, more liberalization has been the proper role, Europe must grow into a more our own past. primary direction of at least the EU’s declarato- It is critical, of course, that Europe’s model be ry policy. But while the “Lisbon Goals” are, no saved in Europe itself. Enlarged Europe now doubt, a necessary and worthy effort to upgrade faces a fundamental existential crisis. Failure is European labor, as we have seen in the French no longer unthinkable. On the one hand, the and Dutch referenda, an EU linked to further libe- challenge is organizational: how to embrace so ralization seems not to be a winning proposition The Commencement Speaker many diverse countries without losing coherence politically. Nor, taken alone, does such a policy and direction. On the other hand, the challenge is seem likely to be a practical economic success. David P. Calleo is Dean Acheson Professor and Director of the European Studies social and economic: how to preserve the welfare Continental Europe’s productivity is already very Program at Johns Hopkins University’s Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced state in a global economy with China and India. high. In other words, protectionism seems an International Studies, Washington, D.C. Each challenge is also a dilemma. The promise of inevitable component of any successful European enlargement has proved the most effective way adaptation to the new globalism. David Calleo earned his Ph.D. in political science from Yale University in 1959 and to stabilize former communist countries, and in- has taught at Brown, Yale, and Columbia Universities. David Calleo was a visiting duce them to rapid and effective transformation Can a protectionist EU reconcile its needs with fellow in Bonn and Munich as well as in Geneva, Oxford, and Paris. He is a member toward constitutional governments and market those of China? After all, China, too, has a right of various academic organizations and has served as consultant to the U.S. Under- economies. But while enlargement has brought to grow and blossom. China is itself a huge and Secretary of State for Political Affairs under President Lyndon B. Johnson. Calleo great benefits to Central and Eastern Europe, it rapidly expanding market, with particular oppor- has published numerous articles and books on Germany, European affairs, and has also seriously weakened the EU itself. Some tunities for Western industries. Europe cannot transatlantic relations. In 2004, David Calleo was George H. W. Bush Fellow at the formula needs to be found to restore the EU’s afford to lose those opportunities, to cut itself American Academy in Berlin. cohesion and direction. off from the most dynamic parts of the world economy. Main publications: The German Problem Reconsidered (1978), Beyond American Reforming Europe’s welfare state poses a similar Hegemony: The Future of the Western Alliance (1987), The Bankrupting of America: dilemma. Continental Europe’s communitarian Finding a balance through these conflicting How the Federal Deficit Is Impoverishing the Nation (1992), and Rethinking Europe‘s state may be a great advance over the more pri- aims and values poses a great intellectual and Future (2001).

68 SPECIAL FEATURE SPECIAL FEATURE 69 Center for Advanced Research

70 71 A Center for Advanced Research

As a center for advanced research, the HCA provides and intellectual and organizational setting for international and interdisciplinary research projects as well as for individual research.

Building on the foundation of established programs at the Uni- versity of Heidelberg, the HCA is on its way towards establishing a scholarship and transatlantic exchange program. Future plans include offering equipped office space as well as financial support for visiting scholars.

The HCA hosts and organizes international conferences, symposia, workshops, and seminars.

The HCA Spring Academy Constructive criticism and vivid exchanges of ideas characterized the discussions following presentations.

The Conference States these interdisciplinary discourses provided corporation. In 1956, the company purchased The 20 participants, coming from all over Europe The HCA Spring Academy aims to establish a inspiring new perspectives on the respective a majority share of the Lanz tractor factory in (France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Italy, Norway, European network of young and aspiring resear- research projects. Additionally, the Spring Acade- Mannheim, taking its first steps toward becoming Poland, Romania, and Spain) and the U.S. had chers. Each year the HCA invites international my offered participants the opportunity to work a multinational corporation. Today John Deere probably expected the weather to be different, Ph.D. students from diverse academic back- closely with distinguished experts in the field does business in more than 160 countries and but by the end of the day they could start to feel grounds within American Studies to Heidelberg to of American Studies. Four guest speakers from employs 46,000 people worldwide. John Deere is the “Spring Spirit” of the event, when the group present their dissertation projects in the field of Germany and the U.S. were invited for lectures the world’s leading producer of farm equipment and the HCA staff met for a first informal meeting American Studies. The conference is complemen- and workshops. and is a major producer of construction and fore- at a pub in the old city center of Heidelberg. ted by lectures, workshops, and an excursion. stry equipment and lawn care products, as well Curious to meet the people about whom they had The HCA invites international scholars to share The Venue as a provider of financial solutions and health read in the Spring Academy’s participant’s hand- their expertise with the participants of the Spring The HCA Spring Academy took place at the Inter- care services. John Deere generously supported book, the participants soon made acquaintances. Academy. nationales Wissenschaftsforum Heidelberg (IWH). the HCA Spring Academy 2005. Lively discussions on cultural differences and Located in the old city center of Heidelberg, this common grounds started while enjoying traditio- The HCA Spring Academy 2005 – American His- beautiful villa offered ideal conditions for the “Another Happy Accident“: nal German food and beer. tory, Culture, and Politics was held from February conference, with comfortable accommodations The HCA Spring Academy 2005 28 to March 4, 2005, and brought together 20 and well-equipped assembly rooms. This year’s HCA Spring Academy took place from The next morning started with an opening sessi- Ph.D. students from ten countries, representing February 28 to March 4, 2005. At this early date, on at the IWH, the venue of the Spring Academy, eight academic disciplines. During the five-day Support By John Deere Heidelberg was not exactly on the cusp to spring, where the participants were welcomed by HCA conference the participants discussed their dis- In 1837, John Deere founded the company that but in the middle of a beautiful winter. When the Managing Director Dr. Philipp Gassert. At the sertation projects and received feedback on form would come to bear his name. Incorporated as participants arrived on Sunday, February 27, Hei- following reception at the Bel Etage of the Old and content. Supervised by international Chairs Deere & Company in 1868, it has grown from delberg glistened in sunshine under a five-inch University of Heidelberg, the participants were from Germany, the Netherlands, and the United a one-man blacksmith shop into a worldwide cover of snow. welcomed by Prof. Angelos Chaniotis, Vice Presi-

72 ADVANCED RESEARCH ADVANCED RESEARCH 73 dent for International Relations of the University and minority cultures. In the next presentation Continuing with pop culture, Sonia Baelo Allue By the end of the day the participants already of Heidelberg, and by HCA Founding Director Ewa Antoszek, from Lublin, Poland, followed up turned to the 1980s and 90s in her analysis of the had the feeling that they had known each other Prof. Detlef Junker. Prof. Junker’s remarks focused on the issue of ethnicity and ethnic coexistence work of Bret Easton Ellis. Allué, from Saragossa, for much longer than 24 hours. Despite a long on the HCA’s desire to build upon the success in the U.S. Antoszek studied English Literature at Spain, studied English and American Studies. and intense schedule, the tireless participants of the Spring Academy and turn early successes Maria Curie-Skłodowska University and received Her dissertation project attempts to locate Ellis went on to celebrate one of their colleagues’ into a tradition of excellence. Prof. Junker further her Diploma in American Studies at Smith Col- in the debates concerning popular, consumer, birthday. predicted that by the end of the week the partici- lege, Northhampton, Massachusetts. Her Ph.D. and high culture, as well as to evaluate the role pants would be both wiser academically and hap- project is an analysis of the various influences on of his work in contemporary American literature. On Tuesday the four presentations were grouped pier. He also thanked John Deere for its generous the process of creating the identity of a Mexican- After a lively discussion about high- and low- in panels about “National and International Law” support of the HCA Spring Academy. American woman. After a lively discussion which culture literature, Allué confessed that while she and the “New Right in the U.S.” The discussions was cut off by the time limit Ewa Antoszek asked personally dislikes “American Psycho,” it is still an were chaired by Dr. Manfred Berg, Curt Engel- Each day four Ph.D. students presented their her chair Heike Raphael-Hernandez, a specia- exemplary work. horn Chair of American History at the University dissertation projects. The presentations were list in this field of research, to meet afterwards of Heidelberg, who is an expert in U.S. history grouped into thematically linked panels with two so she could follow up on the new theoretical and law. speakers each. After the twenty-minute presen- proposals that came up in the discussion. This tations the floor was open for discussion for 40 showed not only that the concept of having Vasiliki Christou opened the first panel tal- minutes. experts from specific fields of research chairing king about U.S. national law and hate speech. the respective panels improved the feedback for Christou received her LL.M. at the University of Monday’s panels dealt with questions of “Identity the participants, but also that the idea of establi- Athens, Greece, and is now a Ph.D. student at and Ethnology” and “Pop-Culture.” They were shing a network of young researchers and renow- the University of Heidelberg. She presented her chaired by Dr. Heike Raphael-Hernandez, Profes- ned scholars was aided by providing an intimate dissertation project on hate speech, which she sor of English at the University of Maryland in and congenial setting, enabling the participants argued reflects the conflict between the various Europe, Heidelberg. Dr. Raphael-Hernandez is an as well as the contributors to exchange ideas and groups that exist in a multicultural society. Taking Dr. Dorothea Fischer-Hornung (left) discussing the previous expert on African and Latino Minorities and has opinions. Their type of exchange would remain a panel during coffe break with Prof. Heike Raphael-Hernandez as her example how American legislation deals published widely on multi-ethnic literatures in constant throughout the week. with cross burning, she combined cultural issues the U.S. After a short break Dr. Dorothea Fischer-Hor- with legal analysis and provided fascinating After the lunch break Raluca Rogoveanu opened nung, from the English Department of the Univer- insights into U.S. jurisdiction. The first of the Ph.D. students to give her the panel on “pop culture.” Rogoveanu studied sity of Heidelberg, opened her workshop on Ame- presentation was Ewa Kopcyznska from Krakow, English Literature and Linguistics at the University rican Studies by questioning whether American In the following presentation, Sibylle Scheipers, Poland, where she studied Administration and of Bucharest, Romania, where she is now a Ph.D. Studies is singular or plural, asking “What is or a Ph.D. student of Political Science in Berlin and Sociology at the Jagiellonian University. Her candidate. At the Spring Academy she presented are American Studies?” Fischer-Hornung took up currently a Marie Curie Fellow at the European doctoral research is focused on the status of the chapter of her dissertation entitled “Fascina- many of the issues that had been raised during Institute at Birmingham University, UK, spoke on American cultural anthropology. The focus of tion and Utopia in the 1950s: The construction the day. The participants engaged in the discus- international law. Under the title “Sovereignty her interest is the concept of social anthropology of the Beat and Hippie Ritual.” She analyzed the sion each argued from a different disciplinary and Human Rights: Reconstructing an (Il)legal created by one of the most famous American solidity and cohesion of the Beat group in the background what the defining characteristics of Contradiction,” she gave an overview of the insti- anthropologists, Franz Boas. Since Boas studied various stages of its formation and development American Studies were. The discussion reached tutionalization of the International Criminal Court in Heidelberg, Ewa Kopcynska was very happy to by identifying the cultural markers that separated its peak of philosophical reflection when Fischer- and the role of the U.S. therewith. present her research in this very location. In her this group from other social circles. She defined Hornung stated that “American Studies is already speech she focused on Boas’ reflections on emo- Beat culture as a counterculture that displayed Utopia.” By the end no consensus could be reach After a short break, Alf Tønnesen presented the tional prejudices, the ‘scientific’ concept of race, a rebellious resistance against socially adopted on whether American Studies represents a singu- first draft of his Ph.D. project entitled “Paving the and the moral relationships between majority norms and practices. lar approach or a plurality of approaches. Way for Reagan: A Comparison of Paul Weyrich’s

74 ADVANCED RESEARCH ADVANCED RESEARCH 75 and Richard Viguerie’s Contribution to Ronald on “Dealing with History,” both of which were “Dealing with the Devil: Hitler in American Fic- panels, Dr. Giles Scott-Smith from the Roosevelt Reagan’s capture of the White House.” Tønnesen chaired by Dr. Philipp Gassert, Managing Director tion 1939-2003” looks at a genre that Butter calls Study Center in Middelburg, the Netherlands, studied English at the University of Oslo, and has of the HCA and Associate Professor of History “Hitler fiction,” contributing to discussions on the whose research generally focuses on transatlantic recently begun work on his Ph.D. in American at the University of Heidelberg, an expert in the Americanization of the Holocaust and the role of relations during the Cold War period. During Political Science. Being in the early stages of fields of U.S. and German history. the auto- and heterostereotypes within American dinner the topics of the next day were already his project, he asked his fellow participants for culture and to the ongoing debate on cultural hotly debated, and everyone was excited about advice on how to proceed. The committed parti- Rósa Magnúsdóttir provided an “Image of the memory. Proving that the network was already the next day’s presentations. cipation of the students resulted in a constructive United States” from the perspective of the Soviet functioning at this early stage, Butter received reorganization of the research design. Tønne- Union. Magnúsdóttir, from Iceland, received her very helpful advice on where to find important Thursday morning’s panels dealt with the “Cold sen was anxious to write down all of the new M.A. in Russian Studies at the University of North primary sources, such as the very rare Disney War” and “Transatlantic Relations.” The first to information he received and was grateful for the Carolina at Chapel Hill, where she now is at work movie “Donald in Nazi-Germany.” start on the Cold War was Ulrike Wunderle, who constructive criticism. on her dissertation. She gave a fascinating talk studied Contemporary History, Politics, and Histo- about “The People of the United States: How Jan Surmann presented another aspect of ry of Art at the University of Tübingen, were she Claire Greslé-Favier also talked about the New They Live, Work and Play: Diffusion and Recepti- “Dealing with History”. Surmann has studied is at work on her dissertation as part of the re- Right, focusing on a special issue of New Right ons of American Official Propaganda in the USSR History, Politics, and Philosophy at the University search project “Society and War: War Experience policy. Greslé-Favier, from France, received her from 1945 to 1959.” She received a lot of feed- of Hamburg, where he now is working on his dis- in Modern History.” Her presentation dealt with M.A. at the University of Oregon, and currently back from the students from Eastern Europe, who sertation. In his research on “Holocaust-Remem- the reaction of nuclear physicists to the political is teaching at the University of Dortmund. Her shared their experiences of how they perceived brance and Restitution: The U.S. History Policy at problems brought about by the combination of speech covered “The Temptation of Abstinence.” the U.S. when the USSR still existed. One student the End of the 20th Century,” he investigates the the Cold War and the Atomic Age. She investiga- With Britney Spears as an introductory example, remembered that her parents used to listen to the emergence of a new approach to history in the ted how their perceptions, interpretations, and the audience was all ears. The discussion, which “Voice of America,” but would send her to bed U.S. and the practical changes it brought about actions in the political sphere were influenced by centered on the true lack of abstinence on the every time to make sure that she could not tell in dealing with the material consequences of the their scientific backgrounds. The lively discussion part of Britney Spears and Benjamin Franklin, anyone. Holocaust. following included insights from an American was entertaining and informative. At the end of participant whose grandfather worked on the this fourth panel, Dr. Manfred Berg thanked all Another outside perspective on the U.S. was To loosen the tight schedule, and to give some Manhattan Project. contributors, speakers as well as the audience, explored by Judith Michel, who studied Ameri- extra benefits to the participants, an excursion for this lively morning session. can Studies, Political Science, and History at the was planned on Wednesday afternoon. The trip’s University of Bonn, where she is now working on destination was the European Central Bank (ECB) The afternoon schedule was rearranged due to her dissertation. Her presentation focused on the in Frankfurt (Main). The group was welcomed the fact that Ronald Steel, Professor of Interna- Willy Brandt’s relationship with the United States. by Mr. Janno Toots of the Press and Information tional Relations at the University of Southern Michel seeks to reconstruct Brandt’s perception Division in the main conference room of the ECB California, cancelled for health reasons. He was of the U.S. and analyze how this perception in the center of the financial district of Frankfurt. scheduled to give a workshop on “Liberalism, influenced his decisions in certain transatlantic Mr. Toots gave a presentation on “Tasks and Imperialism and the Wilsonian Agenda.” Instead, events. This presentation, building on previous, Functions of the ECB”. After being introduced the participants could now enjoy a beautiful facilitated consideration of the meaning of “per- to the work of the ECB, the following discussion sunny winter day with a tour of the Heidelberg ception” in history. focused on the relation between the euro and Daniel Mori Castle guided by Elena Matveeva and Alexander dollar zones. Daniel Mori, who has studied History at the Emmerich, both members of the HCA staff. After a short break Michael Butter, who has stu- University of Florence, continued with the Cold died American Studies and History and is now a The visit to the ECB allowed for sightseeing in War, presenting his dissertation on “Visions Wednesday’s presentations were grouped in Ph.D. student at the University of Bonn, was the Frankfurt. Returning to Heidelberg, the group of Détente: American Ideology and Balance of panels on “Images of the United States” and first speaker of the panel “Dealing with History.” went to a pub to meet the chair of the next day’s Power Politics.” A vivid debate centered on the

76 ADVANCED RESEARCH ADVANCED RESEARCH 77 After the lunch break, Prof. Dietmar Schloss The following presentation by Birte Horn from the English Department of the University concerned “Superwoman in Contemporary of Heidelberg, led a workshop on „American American Culture: Popular Feminism in Movies Intellectuals and American Intellectual Cultures and Television Shows.” Horn received her M.A. from the Colonial Period to the Present.“ He in History, Social History, and English at the Uni- introduced the Spring Academy participants to versity of Bielefeld, where she now is writing her a new interdisciplinary research project entitled dissertation. In the early stages of her research, „Intellectuals and Intellectual Cultures: Trans- she appreciated advice on theoretical approach, atlantic Perspectives.“ The project is to be part methodology and the choice of case studies. of a larger research program on „Varieties of Democratic Order,“ which will be directed by the After a short break the final panel began with HCA. Prof. Schloss‘ talk provided an overview Hunt Boulware from Columbia, South Carolina, of the changing perceptions of intellectuals and who is now a Ph.D. student in History at the their role in American society. The following University of Cambridge. His fascinating talk on discussion was fruitful both for Prof. Schloss and “Blacks and the Urban Tavern Culture of Charles- for the participants. ton and Savannah Prior to the Revolution.” was particularly intriguing, given the importance of Friday’s two panels dealt with Gender and slavery in U.S. history. Boulware’s description of Ethnicity. Both were chaired by Dr. Marion Bre- how slaves in certain parts of the U.S. shaped the unig, Lecturer at the History Department of the time they spent “off duty” and what leisure acti- The participants of the HCA Spring Academy 2005. Back (l. to r.): Sybille Scheipers, Daniel Mori, Jan Surmann, Michael Butter, Hunt Boulware, University of Heidelberg, whose work focuses on vities they pursued provided many new insights. Christan Decoster; middle (l. to. r.): Birte Horn, Ulrike Wunderle, Rósa Magnúsdóttir, Ewa Antoszek, Birte Christ, Mischa Honeck; 19th-century issues such as slavery and American front (l. to. r.): Raluca Rogoveanu, Eva Kopczynska, Claire Greslé-Favier, Judith Michel, Sonia Allué, Vasiliki Christou, Katarzyna Furmanek Not pictured: Alf Tønnessen women’s struggle for suffrage. The last presentation by Mischa Honeck, a Ph.D. student in History at the University of Heidelberg, term “Cold War” itself: does it cover a single time milarities in their actions and their convictions on Both Gender panel presentations explored popu- was entitled “In Pursuit of ‘Freedom:’ African-, period from 1945-1989, or were there in fact dif- appropriate policy courses in the Cold War era. lar feminism in the U.S. in 20th century. The first Anglo-, and German-American Alliances in the ferent phases of cold war in a “cold war system.” presentation was given by Birte Christ, a Ph.D. Abolition Movement, 1854-1863.” This project Continuing the debate from the night before, the An analysis of more recent developments in candidate in American Literature at the Univer- looks at specific cases of interaction and cultural discussion period barely sufficed. transatlantic relations was presented by Katar- sity of Freiburg. In her Ph.D. project, “How Does exchange that occurred between these ethnic zyna Furmanek, who graduated in International ‘Popular Feminism’ Work? Conflicting Demands groups under the cover of abolitionism. The After a short break, the panel on transatlantic Relations at the Jagiellonian University in Krakow, of the Popular and the Progressive,” she analyzes audience was very impressed by his examination relations started with the presentation from Poland, where she is now a Ph.D. student. Her selected fiction published in women’s magazines of different forums in which interethnic coope- Christian Decoster, who is a Ph.D. student in talk focused on “Security Relations in the Transat- from 1905 to the 1930s. Her research is based ration took place and transethnic alliances were History at the University of Bonn. His topic was lantic Arena in the 21st Century.” Her dissertation on the assumption that the selected authors forged. Everybody agreed that Honeck is on his “Konrad Adenauer and John F. Kennedy – Diffe- will cover transatlantic relations and related consciously employ forms of popular literature to way toward rewriting the history of the Abolition ring Assumptions about Berlin as a Factor in the security issues during President George W. Bush’s familiarize a wide readership with the feminist Movement. With this very ambitious approach Cuban Missile Crisis.” first term and possible changes after his reelec- issues of the time. The discussion picked up on a the presentations of the Ph.D. projects came to tion. The vivid discussion afterwards showed topic that was dealt with earlier in the week, the an end. Comparing the actions of Adenauer and Kennedy, the participants’ interest in these issues but also debate on high- and low-culture literature. as well as their perception of the Cuba-Berlin addressed difficulties particular to research on linkage, he demonstrated the differences and si- contemporary politics.

78 ADVANCED RESEARCH ADVANCED RESEARCH 79 The concluding discussion was chaired by Prof. Research Project “Enemy Mine: Junker, and summed up the Spring Academy 2005. US-GDR Relations, 1949-1989“ All of the participants were asked to evaluate the past week. The participants stated that their East and West Germans differed in nothing more From the viewpoint of Diplomatic History, Philip expectations had been far exceeded. The discus- than in their attitude toward the USA, claimed Matthes (Bonn) illustrated the moderate success sions greatly benefited their scholarly work, the Peter Schneider in the Spiegel (48/2005). East of GDR “lobbying” in the US in the context of the Spring Academy fulfilled its networking purpose Germans were never rescued by US soldiers, GDR’s campaign for recognition in the 1960s. on academic and personal levels, and the week never received chocolate in the Berlin air lift and Matthes outlined GDR attempts to improve her in Heidelberg was a great experience for all of seldom had any personal experience with the image by fostering social contacts between artists; them. In the evening the participants of the HCA “imperial aggressor,” the USA. Given this, what students; German-Americans; and members of Spring Academy 2005 and the HCA staff went to manner of US-GDR relations existed between the civil rights, peace, and feminist movements The Organisation Team: Anne Lübbers and Elena Matveeva a farewell party at a bar in the old city center of two countries that did not take up diplomatic in a pre-diplomatic sphere. However, this lob- Heidelberg, enjoying dinner and having a good relations before 1974? bying, though more widespread than previously In the afternoon the workshop on Gender issues time. thought, never achieved any significant impact on took place. It was held by Kriste Lindenmeyer, Christiane Rösch (HCA) and Uta A. Balbier (Ham- Washington’s decision making. Professor of History at the University of Maryland, On Saturday morning, tired but wiser and hap- burg) convened a workshop on US-GDR relations Baltimore, currently Senior Fulbright Scholar at the pier, students returned to their homes and desti- from 1949 to 1989. Funded by the HCA and the Heiner Stahl (Potsdam) and Edward Larkey (Univ. University of Halle-Wittenberg. Having participated nations spread all over Europe with the promise U.S. Embassy (Berlin), this workshop brought of Maryland, Baltimore) led the consideration in the previous panels, Prof. Lindenmeyer frequent- of definitely having a follow-up Spring Academy, together 24 scholars from diverse fields of history, of cultural elements of US-GDR relations. Stahl ly referred to the topics that were discussed that maybe in Norway, maybe in Italy. In a way spring literature, and cultural studies from the US, Great demonstrated how radio added to the transmis- morning, urging the participants not to neglect was already there, despite the winterly tempera- Britain, France, and Germany at the Internationa- sion of pop culture into the GDR in response to a gender issues in their research. Gender perspecti- ture. The success of this year’s conference shows les Wissenschaftsforum Heidelberg in November strong demand. US easy listening music was not ves should not be treated as separate and distinct, that the Spring Academy is one step closer to 2004. merely consumed but creatively adapted in the as they are an essential part of understanding the becoming truly a tradition of excellence. “GDR folk song movement” (Singebewegung). history of the U.S. “Getting rid of the boxes” was The workshop was a lively discussion of the Since this US import was not so much an inten- the essential message of the final workshop. multilayered complexity of US-GDR relations in an ded US initiative but a volitious GDR reception, interdisciplinary setting, with contributions from Stahl introduced the term “self-Americanization.” graduate students, specialists in the field, and Larkey analyzed “DT 64,” a station for young lis- eyewitnesses. It quickly became obvious that there teners, and examined the applications from GDR was nothing like a classic bilateral, diplomatic teenagers to become “teen editor” for this Berlin Outlook: HCA Spring Academy 2006 The HCA hopes to build upon this success with relationship between two states but a “threesome” station. Successful applicants were invited to edit the Spring Academy 2006, to be held from April or even “foursome,” with the FRG and the USSR a one-hour program and introduce their choices Generating a lively and profitable cross-disci- 3 to April 7. Guest lectures and workshops will be as implicit or explicit actors both before and after on air. Larkey’s analysis allowed a deeper insight plinary dialogue, the HCA Spring Academy has given by Dr. Dorothea Fischer-Hornung and Prof. 1974. Further, the discussion of the relationship into official “Westernization”. The official GDR established itself as one of the highlights in the Robert Jewett of the University of Heidelberg; between the US and the GDR brought insights into allowed the “West” on air to fight tendencies HCA’s academic calendar. Leading up to its third by Dr. Julia Foulkes, who teaches history at the social niches, desires, and spaces of protest in both of disintegration among the GDR youth. A close year, the Spring Academy already is succeeding New School University in New York City; and by countries. Lastly, US-GDR relations were explored reading of the applications and the respective in its principal aim of establishing an interna- Stephen Szabo, Professor of European Studies at in an international and global context, employing accepting or declining letters from the station tional network of Ph.D. students in the field of Johns Hopkins University’s Paul H. Nitze School paradigms such as “pop culture,” “transatlantic gives a vivid example of the extent to which the American Studies. for Advanced International Studies in Washing- networks,” “Americanization,” and “Modernizati- editors’ and the applicants’ understanding of ton, D.C. on” in the two countries’ relationship. music was “Americanized.”

80 ADVANCED RESEARCH ADVANCED RESEARCH 81 Holger Stunz (Mainz) and Jens Niederhut (Köln) Christian Mariotte (Paris) and Carsten Dippel The publication of the conferences’ proceedings “Enemy Mine - The Difficult Relationship Between followed the culture track and tackled important (Potsdam) focused on intellectual and religious will include contributions from Konrad Jarausch, the US and the GDR, 1949/89” has been submit- questions of interaction and networks between interaction between the US and the GDR. Mariot- Stefan Meinig, and Anna-Cristina Giovanopoulos ted to the “Stiftung Aufarbeitung” as part of an the US and the GDR. Stunz followed the discus- te identified the image of America among Jewish in addition to the participants of the workshop. application for a support grant to publish the sions in American music magazines to show how authors in the GDR based on their personal The collection of essays with the working title volume in 2006. much reporters and readers perceived from the experiences in the USA. 1920s scepticism of GDR music scene. The more the GDR emphasized America, personal perspectives, and Marxist in- her own way in music,the more the US audience terpretations were blended in the work of Günter IFK Protest lost interest in the second Germany. The new Kunert, Irene Runge and Barbara Honigmann. working-class-oriented approach to cultural Mariotte took the interpretation one step further Interdisciplinary Research Forum on Protest policies dissociated the US fans of German music and convincingly presented the interrelatedness Movements, Activism and Social Dissent from the GDR. Niederhut carefully laid out the between the new awareness of Jewish identity network of GDR-US academic exchange in the among GDR Jews and the experience of the In 2003 the Interdisciplinary Research Forum on The first IFK Protest conference was held at the early 1970s. On the one hand, the GDR needed Jewish identity in the USA. Dippel spoke on the Protest Movements, Activism and Social Dissent University of Heidelberg on July 9 and 10, 2004, her scientists as cultural ambassadors in the cases of religious interaction among protestant was founded by HCA Research Fellow Martin entitled „Gelebt, erinnert und erforscht? – 1968 West, while on the other she was terrified by the churches in the US and the GDR. He referred to Klimke, M.A., together with Joachim Scharloth of auf dem Weg vom kommunikativen zum kulturel- temptations the GDR scientists faced on their indirect interaction, such as influences of Gospel the University of Zurich. The “Interdisziplinäres len Gedächtnis.” westward travels. Niederhut used travel reports music in the services, and direct interactions via Forschungskolloquium Protestbewegungen” (IFK to exemplify the scientists’ multilayered intake of reciprocal visits of church members, book, and Protest) explores the protest movements of the In 2005, IFK Protest hosted its second conference the USA that they encountered. Condemnations instrument donations by US congregations and 1960s that continue to capture our imagination. entitled “Maos Rote Garden ? 1968 zwischen of scientific competition according to GDR party visits to the GDR of church leaders such as Billy The decade is commonly remembered as an era kulturrevolutionärem Anspruch und subversiver lines are found in the files as often as are praises Graham in 1983. of global change, culturally as well as politically. Praxis: Kultur- und Mediengeschichtliche Aspekte of the open working atmosphere overseas. In numerous countries, images of protest, gene- der Studentenbewegung” on February 4 and 5 The concluding lecture by Young-Son Hong broa- rational conflict, counter-cultural indulgence, se- at the German Department of the University of Film as an ideological battleground was laid dened the view of GDR-US relations from a global xual liberation, and government repression define Zurich. out by Rosemary Stott (London) and Peter U. and post-colonial perspective. Her “Cold War the public perception of those years. However, as Weiss (Potsdam). Stott walked the participants Battle for the Third World, 1950-1970” showed archives gradually open, the decade and espe- The conference focused on changing perceptions through the history of the GDR import and how US information policy confronted GDR pro- cially its protest movements increasingly become of the 1960s, which no longer are seen simply as selection of American movies in the 1960s and paganda in developing countries. Anticommunist the focus of historical research. In particular, a a time of political upheaval, but also as a period 1970s. Though stagnating at about 10 percent of and Free World arguments on the US side were new generation of scholars born during or after of fundamental cultural change in various parts general GDR film imports, the movies – especially challenged by the GDR sing sang of US exploitati- the Sixties is pressing to overcome the stalemate of society. Alternative modes of behavior and fa- those of the “Hollywood Renaissance” with Jane on, American imperialism, and political discri- between alternate recollections of former acti- shion, new forms of living, the destandardization Fonda and Jack Nicholson – provided an impor- mination. Hong demanded a new transnational vists and their adversaries. This shift can be seen of language, and the subversion of gender roles tant window to the West and provided a deeper perspective on post-WWII German history. not only in the field of Historiography, but also signified a profound transformation of cultural understanding of the acceptability of the USA by in such disciplines as Political Science, Sociolo- codes. GDR officials. Weiss analyzed the successful GDR Philipp Gassert (HCA), Rainer Schnoor (Potsdam), gy, Literature, and Linguistics, which point to a The main theme of the conference was the spy thriller “For Eyes Only” and associated it to and Dorothee Wierling (Hamburg) contributed as plethora of previously neglected aspects of that reconstruction of these new cultural codes and the American development of this genre, which eyewitnesses and specialists in the discussions decade. The IFK Protest was founded to provide a an analysis of their utilization in political protest. was both the inspiration and the enemy of the and provided stimulating, thought-provoking forum for these innovative approaches. Through a close examination of these symbolic GDR spy movies. questions to further the intense working atmos- structures, their origins, and their diffusion phere. mechanisms, new and hitherto neglected

82 ADVANCED RESEARCH ADVANCED RESEARCH 83 perspectives of the student movements of the A further goal of the conference, in cooperation should be reserved to democratically controlled Globalized World: Self-Regulation or State-Re- 1960s were discussed. On the one hand, the with the Swiss Social Archive Zurich, was to governments? Which spheres should be opened gulation?” will address issues of liberalization focus was on how public discourses and direct bring the rarely historicized student movement in up to market forces? Above all, what effects will policies, such as privatization and market dere- or subversive action were instrumentalized to Zurich specifically and Switzerland generally, with decisions on these questions have on the shape, gulation, as well as efforts to reconcile national critique traditional cultural codes and brought its local and national disparities to the attenti- form, and future of democratic governance and legislation and regulation with global trends and about new symbolical structures. On the other on of a scholarly audience. In accordance with notions of public sovereignty, self-government, the repercussions of these efforts for demo- hand, the role of the media in transmitting these the concentration on cultural phenomena, this and participation? cratic governance. The second section refers to new cultural codes was assessed, in particular conference assembled a broad variety of young economic growth and production and will outline how it contributed to the staging of protest and scholars with different disciplinary backgrounds. In order to set down the leading ideas of this first the causes and consequences of differences in helped to spread the cultural changes initiated by The concluding conference “Between the ‘Prague conference, the HCA held a workshop, hosted the European and the American models. The third the student movement to a wide audience. The Spring’ and the ‘French May’: Transnational by MLP in Heidelberg, in July, 2005. Heidelberg section concentrates on religion, cultural identity, criticism of the media’s role in the public sphere, Exchange and National Recontextualization of scholars representing six different academic and pluralism and primarily will discuss the the set up of independent media institutions and Protest Cultures in 1960/70s Europe” will be held disciplines participated in this brainstorming impact that different relationships between state channels, as well as the positioning of the APO from August 25 to 27, 2006, at the HCA. session. The differing conceptions of the relati- and church have on the character of democratic activists between established and alternative onship of state and market in Europe and in the order. This section also will address the incre- public spheres also was explored in detail. United States was identified as the main object asing importance of religious organizations as of investigation for the conference, including the market actors. The fourth section will discuss the consequences these conceptions produce for the seemingly ever-increasing risks facing modern Outlook: “Varieties of Democratic Order: An nature and range of suggested solutions to the welfare states, including problems of social Interdisciplinary Research Project” challenges of globalization. At the same time, the security and of environmental protection. The conference will pay attention to the interest these fifth section will take a closer look at educational The Heidelberg Center for American Studies The endeavor will be flanked by three interna- solutions have aroused in Asia, Latin America, systems in modern democracies and at the ways (HCA) recently initiated a long-term research tional and interdisciplinary conferences jointly and other parts of the world. in which they predetermine the recruitment of project concerned with “Varieties of Democratic organized by the HCA and the German-Ameri- elites. Order.” The notion of “varieties” acknowledges can Institute Heidelberg (DAI), and generously The conference will encompass five systematic differences in the understanding of democracy sponsored by Manfred Lautenschläger, Chairman sections. The first section, titled “Markets in a across time and space. With this in mind, this of the Board of the MLP Group. The conferences, project will scrutinize and critically evaluate the scheduled for 2006-2008, aim to establish an way in which democracy accommodates different international and polycultural forum for a com- Outlook: Symposium “The Russo-Japanese War” state models, changing institutions, emerging prehensive debate about the challenges facing civil societies, dynamic markets, and individual democracies in the 21st century. From December 1 to December 3, 2005, the HCA Roosevelt. Hosting the peace negotiations and interests. The originality of this project lies in its co-hosted a three-day multidisciplinary sympo- mediating in his role as U.S. President, Theodore comparative exploration of the way democracies The first conference will take place October 5-8, sium on “The Russo-Japanese War (1904/05) Roosevelt brought the diplomatic weight of the cope(d) with the secular processes of industria- 2006, under the heading “State and Market in – Dawn of a New Age?“ This symposium was co- United States to bear on this critical issue. For his lization, modernization, and globalization. It is a Globalized World: Transatlantic Perspectives.” organized by the Curt Engelhorn Chair for Ame- efforts, he was later awarded the Nobel Peace likewise important to gauge the impact of these State and market compete and at the same time rican History, the Institute for Japanese Studies, Prize. processes on the concept of democracy, thereby cooperate with each other both within national the Institute of Chinese Studies, the Department Guest Speakers included HCA Managing Director both reminding us of and perhaps inducing us borders and in the world of international trade. In of Eastern European History, and the South Asia Dr. Philipp Gassert and Prof. Manfred Berg, Curt to reassess the philosophical and theoretical what realms do state and market best comple- Institute of the University of Heidelberg. The Engelhorn Chair for American History. foundations of democratic thought. ment each other? In what fields is their rivalry Russo-Japanese War ended with the Portsmouth The Geschwister Supp Foundation generously most acute? Which duties and responsibilities Treaty, brokered by U.S. President Theodore committed to funding the symposium.

84 ADVANCED RESEARCH ADVANCED RESEARCH 85 Research Fellows at the HCA 2004/05 the “community” both to expose others to Ameri- in on a number of the MAS’s interdisciplinary cans and American perspectives but also to learn seminars and one Speaking and Writing Skills William Funk from the community in which the Scholar finds seminar, as well as attending most, if not all, of (Fulbright Visiting Professor) a small group to discuss the issues in the course. himself. I tried to maximize my opportunities in the social gatherings of the students and staff. While probably not feasible for all professors, it this area. This included making two presenta- certainly seems possible for Fulbright Scholars, tions to the MAS’s interdisciplinary colloquium, I found the HCA staff uniformly friendly and who are not overtaxed by the teaching require- one on American environmental law and one helpful. They graciously welcomed me into ments compared to what they are used to in on Same Sex Marriage in the U.S., making a their community and made me and my wife their home institutions. I was impressed by the presentation on Same Sex Marriage in the U.S. feel at home. I would certainly recommend the students, both those in the MAS program and the at the Max Planck Institute, attending bi-weekly experience to other Fulbright Scholars without German students who audited the class, several seminars at the Max Planck Institute, and sitting reservation. And I would love to do it again. of whom opted to take an exam. Because oral exams are unknown in American law schools, if not American university education generally, it was a novel experience to be required to use such “My Year in Heidelberg“ an exam for the Winter Semester course. Never- theless, they all went smoothly, and the students Ayanna Yonemura It was a distinct privilege and pleasure to be able almost without exception were well prepared and (Fulbright Visiting Scholar) Yonemura has published two books and various to participate in the HCA’s first year of the MAS did well. articles on the history of Japanese Americans and program. on ethnic minorities in urban spaces. Her newest In the Summer Semester I co-taught a seminar on book, Japanese Americans: A Racialized Planning In the Winter Semester I taught the Law course: Law and Religion together with Professor Robert Project, is to be published in 2006. Introduction to American Constitutional Law. I Jewett. Although the enrollment was small, there generally used a lecture method augmented by were also a few auditors who fully participated In 2002, Prof. Yonemura taught as a Fulbright PowerPoint slides, but on a number of occasions in the class. The method of instruction was to Scholar at the University of Asmara, Eritrea. I probed the class with questions to stimulate have the students read a Supreme Court (or other From 2002 to 2004 she taught Urban Studies the students’ thoughts on the subject. In the court) case involving religion and to assign one and Asian American Studies at California State United States, of course, it is standard practice to student to argue one side of the case and ano- University, Northridge. In 2005 she came to balance the transmission of information with the ther student to argue the other side of the case, Germany, again as a Fulbright Scholar, to teach at requiring of students to analyze and critique that with Professor Jewett acting as an amicus curiae In August and September 2005, Prof. Ayanna Yo- the University of Frankfurt am Main. Continuing information. I found the students in the MAS representing a particular religions’ perspective on nemura, Ph.D., visited Heidelberg as a Research her Fulbright Scholarship, she spent six weeks in program not only receptive but generally enthusi- the issue. Then, the remaining students would Fellow at the HCA. Yonemura, then Assistant Heidelberg conducting research for her current astic about this opportunity to participate, rather act like the Supreme Court and decide the case. Professor for Urban Studies at the Sociology De- project “Human Rights, Migrants and Terrorism: than just passively listen and take notes. Students were evaluated on the basis of the partment of Loyola Marymount University (LMU) A Comparative Urban Perspective on September quality of the presentations they made before the in Los Angeles, first became acquainted with the 11, 2001.” Focusing on immigrant and human Because I was unused to having a Tutor run “Court.” The students were active and involved HCA when she gave a talk in the HCA’s “Typisch rights in the United States in the post 9/11 era, a tutorial, a system not used in American law participants. Amerikanisch” lecture series in January 2005. Yonemura made use of the outstanding resources schools, I also participated in the tutorial, which of the library of Heidelberg’s Max Planck Institute I enjoyed greatly, because it gave me a closer As a Fulbright Scholar, I perceived my “job” to for Comparative Public Law and International relationship with the students. I believe they be more than just teaching one or two courses. Law. enjoyed having a professor sit down with them in Fulbright encourages its scholars to participate in

86 ADVANCED RESEARCH ADVANCED RESEARCH 87 Martin Klimke, M.A. Outlook on HCA Research Fellows 2005/06 (HCA Research Fellow) “1968” in Germany, which will be published in May 2006. In May 2005, he also co-organized Richard Lehne Cesar N. Caviedes an international symposium sponsored by the (Fulbright Visitng Professor) (Visiting Humboldt Fellow) VW Foundation entitled “The ‘Other’ Alliance: Political Protest, Intercultural Relations and Coll- Richard Lehne is a Professor of Political Science Cesar Caviedes, Professor of Geography at the ective Identities in West Germany and the United at Rutgers-The State University of New Jersey and University of Florida, is a visiting Humboldt Fel- States, 1958-77,” the results of which also will be a member of its Graduate Faculty. His professio- low at the HCA for the academic year 2005/06. published in a forthcoming volume. nal activities are now concentrated in the area of He has written widely on Latin America, geopoli- Business-Government relations, and the Second tics, geography, and El Nino, and is a member of Enlarging his approach to include a more com- Edition of his book, Government and Business: the editorial boards of various journals and perio- prehensive transatlantic perspective, Klimke is American Political Economy in Comparative Pers- dicals in the U.S., Europe, and Latin America. Martin Klimke studied English and History at currently preparing a third young scholar’s forum, pective has just been released (CQ Press, 2006). the University of Göttingen, at Amherst College, “Between the ‘Prague Spring’ and the ‘French Previously, his professional activities addressed Caviedes’ work in Heidelberg will focus on the and at the University of Heidelberg. His recently May’: Transnational Exchange and National Re- issues of state politics and public law. social geography of North America, comparing completed dissertation is entitled “The Other contextualization of Protest Cultures in 1960/70s and differentiating between the geographic, Alliance”: Global Protest and Student Unrest in Europe,” which will take place in Heidelberg in Lehne has been a guest professor at the universi- ethnic, and socio-economic situations in the West Germany and the U.S., 1962-1972.” August 2006. The conference will serve as the ties in Frankfurt, Göttingen, and Leipzig, and he United States and Canada. Caviedes has received During his time as fellow at the Center, Klimke starting point for a larger Marie Curie Conference has worked in various capacities and projects in awards from the Alexander von Humboldt co-organized a conference at the University and Training Series supported by the European the state government of New Jersey. His doctora- Stiftung, the Canada Council for the Humanities, of Zurich entitled “Maos Rote Garden? - 1968 Union on “European Protest Movements since te in Political Science is from the Maxwell School and the National Science Foundation. In 1996, he zwischen kulturrevolutionärem Anspruch und the Cold War: The Rise of a (Trans-)national of Citizenship and Public Affairs at Syracuse was awarded the Conference of Latin Americanist subversiver Praxis: Kultur- und Mediengeschicht- Civil Society and the Transformation of the University. His appointment at Ruprecht-Karls- Geographers “Distinguished Latin Americanist liche Aspekte der Studentenbewegung.” This Public Sphere,” to be held in cooperation with Universität, Heidelberg, extends through July 15, Career Award.” second young scholar’s forum on protest move- the Universities of Halle-Wittenberg and Zurich, 2006. ments followed a workshop held in Heidelberg which Klimke will coordinate in May 2006. His in July of 2004 (see http://www.ifk-protestbewe- forthcoming publications include “Black Panther, gungen.com). Klimke is currently co-editing the die RAF und die Rolle der Black Panther-Solida- proceedings from this conference into the first ritätskomitees,” in Wolfgang Kraushaar, ed., Die handbook on the cultural and media history of RAF und die Reformzeit der Demokratie.

88 ADVANCED RESEARCH ADVANCED RESEARCH 89 Selected Publications ‚Feindvermögensfrage’ im Dritten Reich.” In The Holy Spirit and Christian Origins: Essays in Deutschland und die USA in der Internationalen Honour of James D. G. Dunn, edited by Graham The following list gives an overview of the wide William Funk: Geschichte des 20. Jahrhunderts: Festschrift für D. Stanton, Bruce Longenecker et al., 193-206. variety of research undertaken by the HCA’s Detlef Junker, edited by Manfred Berg and Philipp Grand Rapids, Eerdmans, 2004. faculty, staff, Directors, and fellows Funk, William. “Defenders of Wildlife v. Lujan.” In Gassert, 339-63. Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag, The Oxford Companion to the Supreme Court of 2004. ------. “Die biblischen Wurzeln des amerika- the United States, edited by Kermit J.Hall, James nischen Messianismus.” Zeitschrift für Neues W. Ely and Joel B. Grossman, 2nd ed. New York: ------. “Vor der DGfA: Deutsche Amerikaforschung Testament 15 (2005): 60-68. Alexander Emmerich: Oxford University Press, 2005. zwischen Erstem Weltkrieg und früher Bundes- republik.” In Amerikaforschung in Deutschland: Emmerich, Alexander. “John Jacob Astor.” In ------. “The Same Sex Marriage Debate in the Themen und Institutionen der Politikwissenschaft Germany and the Americas. Culture, History and United States,” Zeitschrift der Deutsch-Amerika- nach 1945, edited by Michael Dreyer, Markus Detlef Junker: Politics, edited by Thomas Adam and Will Kauf- nischen Juristen-Vereinigung, 2/2005. Kaim, and Markus Lang, 15-39. Stuttgart: Franz man. Santa Barbara: ABC Clio, 2005. Steiner Verlag, 2004. Junker, Detlef, ed. “The United States and ------. “Legislating for Nonlegislative Rules,” 56 Germany in the Era of the Cold War, 1945-1990. ------. “The German Society of New York.” In Administrative Law Review 1023 (2004). Gassert, Philipp and Manfred Berg, eds. A Handbook.“, 2 vols., New York: Cambridge Germany and the Americas. Culture, History and “Deutschland und die USA in der Internationalen University Press, 2004. Politics, edited by Thomas Adam and Will Kauf- Funk, William, Craig N. Johnston and William Geschichte des 20. Jahrhunderts: Festschrift für man. Santa Barbara: ABC Clio, 2005. B. Flatt. Legal Protection of the Environment. Detlef Junker.“ Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag, ------.“The United States, Germany, and Europe Thomson/West, 2005. 2004. in the Twentieth Century.“ In The American ------. “Germans in New York.” In Germany and Century in Europe, editied by R. Laurence Moore the Americas. Culture, History and Politics, edited Gassert, Pilipp and Ole Wangerin. “High Noon in and Maurizio Vaudagna, 94-115. Ithaca: Cornell by Thomas Adam and Will Kaufman. Santa Bar- Dayton: Mit dem ‚Affenprozess’ von Tennessee University Press, 2004. bara: ABC Clio, 2005. Philipp Gassert: erreichte der amerikanische Kulturkampf um Dar- wins Evolutionstheorie 1925 seinen dramatischen ------.“Auf dem Weg zur imperialen Hypermacht? ------. “Perry Friedman.” In Germany and the Philipp Gassert. “Anti-Amerikaner? Die deutsche Höhepunkt. Zu Ende ist er noch lange nicht.” Die Die manichäische Falle ist besetzt. U.S.-Außen- Americas. Culture, History and Politics, edited by Neue Linke und die USA.” In Anti-Amerikanismus ZEIT, no. 33, August 11, 2005. politik nach dem 11. September.” In “God Bless Thomas Adam and Will Kaufman. Santa Barbara: im 20. Jahrhundert. Studien zu Ost- und Westeur- America” Politik und Religion in den USA, edited ABC Clio, 2005. opa, edited by Jan C. Behrends, Árpád von Klimo by Manfred Brocher, 208-24. Darmstadt: Wissen- and Patrice G. Poutrus, 250-67. Bonn: Dietz, schaftliche Buchgesellschaft 2005. 2005. Robert Jewett:

Dorothea Fischer-Hornung: ------. “Historical Research and Internationalizati- Jewett, Robert. “The Corruption and Redemption on: The Historical Profession at the Beginning of of Creation: Reading Romans 8:18-23 within the Wilfried Mausbach: Fischer-Hornung, Dorothea. “‘Facts of the mind the 21st Century. Symposium in Honor of Detlef Imperial Context.” In Paul and the Roman Impe- made manifest in a fiction of matter’: Writing a Junker.” Bulletin of the German Historical Institu- rial Order, edited by Richard A. Horsley, 25-46. Mausbach, Wilfried. “’Man muß die ganze Life in Maya Deren’s early Films.” Prose Stu- te 35 (Fall 2004): 208-11. Harrisburg: Trinity Press International, 2004. Wut diesen Herrenrassenbanditen ins Gesicht dies: History, Theory, Criticism 27, no. 3 (2005): schreien’: Die 68er und die nationalsozialistische 280–98. ------. “The Question of the Apportioned Spirit Vergangenheit.” Deutschland Archiv 38 (March------. “Keine rein geschäftliche Angelegen- in Paul’s Letters: Romans as a Case Study.” In April 2005): 273-80. heit: Die amerikanischen Investitionen und die

90 ADVANCED RESEARCH ADVANCED RESEARCH 91 ------. “The Present’s Past: Recent Perspectives United States, 1958-1977.” Bulletin of the German ------. “Ralph Waldo Emerson: Ein Denker zwischen on Peace and Protest in Germany, 1945-1973.” Historical Institute Washington 34 (Spring 2004): Peripherie und Zentrum.” In Querdenker: Visionäre Mitteilungsblatt des Instituts für soziale Bewe- 184-9. und Außenseiter in Philosophie und Theologie, gungen 32 (2004): 67-98. edited by Markus Knapp and Theo Kobusch, 223- 233. Darmstadt: Wiss. Buchgesellschaft, 2005 ------.“Triangle of Discord: The United States, Ger- many, and French Peace Initiatives for Vietnam.” Christiane Rösch: In The Search for Peace in Vietnam, 1964–1968, edited by Lloyd C. Gardner and Ted Gittinger, Rösch, Christiane. “Angela Davis.” In Germany Ole Wangerin: 166-82. College Station: Texas A&M University and the Americas. Culture, History and Politics, Press, 2004. edited by Thomas Adam and Will Kaufman. Santa Wangerin, Ole and Philipp Gassert. “High Noon Barbara: ABC Clio, 2005. in Dayton: Mit dem ‚Affenprozess’ von Tennessee ------. “Erdachte Welten: Deutschland und der erreichte der amerikanische Kulturkampf um Dar- Westen in den 1950er Jahren.” In Deutschland ------. “GDR Studies in the U.S.” In Germany and wins Evolutionstheorie 1925 seinen dramatischen und die USA in der Internationalen Geschichte the Americas. Culture, History and Politics, edited Höhepunkt. Zu Ende ist er noch lange nicht.” Die des 20. Jahrhunderts, edited by Manfred Berg by Thomas Adam and Will Kaufman. Santa Barba- ZEIT, no. 33, August 11, 2005. and Philipp Gassert, 423-48. Stuttgart: Franz ra: ABC Clio, 2005. Steiner Verlag, 2004. ------. “Neue Heimat.” In Germany and the Ameri------. “Restructuring and Support: Beginnings of cas. Culture, History and Politics, edited by Thomas American Economic Policy in Occupied Germany.” Adam and Will Kaufman. Santa Barbara: ABC Clio, In The United States and Germany in the Era of 2005. the Cold War, 1945-1990: A Handbook, edited by Detlef Junker, associate eds. Philipp Gassert, Wilfried Mausbach, and David B. Morris, 2 vols., 1: 278-86. New York: Cambridge University Press, Dieter Schulz: 2004. Schulz, Dieter. “Concord und der amerikanische Mausbach, Wilfried, Carla MacDougall, Mar- Transzendentalismus in Ives’ Ästhetik: Zu den tin Klimke and Belinda Davis. “Das Fremde im Essays Before a Sonata.” Musik-Konzepte 123 (Jan. Eigenen: Interkultureller Austausch und kollektive 2004): 109-121. Identitäten in den gesellschaftlichen Umbrüchen der 1960er und 1970er Jahre am Beispiel der ------. “‘Walking’ and the Method of Nature: USA und der Bundesrepublik Deutschland.” In Thoreau, Emerson, Gadamer,” In Wissenschaft Die Reformzeit des Erfolgsmodells BRD, edited by und Ethik in der Gesellschaft von heute, edited Jörg Calließ, 173-95. Rehburg-Loccum: Bertels- by Heimo Hofmeister, Yuri Solonin, and Tigran mann, 2004. Tumanyan, 158-186. St. Petersburg: Verlag der Philosophischen Gesellschaft St. Petersburg, 2004. Mausbach, Wilfried, Carla MacDougall, Mar- tin Klimke. “Atlantic Crossings? Transcultural Relations and Political Protest in Germany and the

92 ADVANCED RESEARCH ADVANCED RESEARCH 93 Forum for Public Debate

94 95 A Forum for Public Debate “Typisch Amerikanisch” 2004/05: Nation and Multiculturalism in the United States As a forum for public debate, the HCA facilitates communication among academia and the general public as well as between the In the winter term of 2004/05 the lecture series how an American popular culture evolved in the business community, the political sphere, and the media. “Typisch Amerikanisch” focused on “Nation and U.S., mirroring the antagonistic acculturation Multiculturalism in the United States,” exploring of the different immigrant groups. Within the The forum serves to present issues of contemporary research in one of the key features of U.S. cultural histo- framework of founding myths and professions of the field of American Studies to the public through activities such ry. The trend of bringing outside expertise to faith (the rule of law, “the beloved moral commu- as the lecture series “Typisch Amerikanisch” (Typically American”), Heidelberg for the series continued, and this nity,” liberalism in civil rights and the economy, individual lectures on the United States, and high-profile keynote year’s “Typisch Amerikanisch” included two guest and the tradition of populism and the “common addresses on U.S. and transatlantic affairs. speakers from the United States. man”), Americans continuously had to choose between further fragmentation and integration Strongly believing that mutual respect and consideration can only of their respective cultural heritages, leading to a be achieved through open-minded but critical debate, the HCA seeks typical American culture and a national identity to establish a venue for dialogue and discussion about the United that was able to include all of them. This culture States, thus enhancing the understanding of the United States in is characterized by the principles of seriality and Germany. exchangeability of its parts and can be adopted according to the changing demand. Therefore, Ostendorf concluded, the success of American popular culture can not be explained by the

Lecture Series “Typisch Amerikanisch” Prof. Dr. Berndt Ostendorf common reproach of “cultural imperialism.” Rather, its inherent diversity on the one hand and The aim of the “Typisch Ameikanisch” (“Typi- The lecture series “Typisch Amerikanisch” has The first lecture was given by Prof. Dr. Berndt its promise of the individual pursuit of happiness cally American”) lecture series is to provide the been hosted by the HCA every winter term since Ostendorf, Director of the America Institute of on the other led to Huckleberry Finn, Jazz music, audience with a multidisciplinary perspective on 2002/03. The first series introduced the Heidel- the University of Munich and Chair for American Sylvester Stallone, and the reversed baseball cap issues dealing with American culture and society, berg audience to the activities of the HCA and Cultural History from 1981 to 2004. Ostendorf becoming global icons. past and present. The HCA wants to provide the consisted of ten lectures, one of each department has taught at the University of Massachusetts, general public with the information necessary to that contributed to the HCA founding initiative. the University of New Orleans, Harvard Universi- The second lecture was held on November 18, engage in a fruitful debate about contemporary ty, and Venice International University, and has 2004, by Prof. Hiroshi Motomura, J.D. Motomura U.S. affairs and transatlantic relations. Issues The second “Typisch Amerikanisch” series in published widely on many aspects of American is Dan K. Moore Distinguished Professor of Law concerning cultural, political, judicial, and eco- 2003/04 dealt with “Power – Mission – Mo- cultural history, including his work as editor and at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill nomical developments in the U.S. therefore often rals,” focusing on American foreign policy. The co-editor on Mutlikulturelle Gesellschaft. Modell and was Lloyd Cutler Fellow at the American are presented in comparison to those in Germany series included lectures on the United States’ America? (1994), Transnational America. The Academy in Berlin in 2004. He has taught at the and Europe. role in global politics from the point of view of Facing of Borders in the Western Hemisphere University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; the Hokkaido the disciplines of American literature, history, (2002), and Iconographies of Power. The Politics University in Japan; and the University of Colora- Each annual series is organized around a central international law, media studies, political science, and Poetics of Visual Representation (2003). do. Motomura is a co-author of the widely used theme, offering lectures from different disciplines and religious studies. Many lectures were held by law school casebook Immigration and Citizen- and areas of expertise, exploring and illuminating professors from outside of Heidelberg, giving the On November 4, 2004, he opened the series with ship: Process and Policy (5th ed. 2003) and of the main topic from various angles. audience the added benefit of presentations from his talk on “What makes U.S. Popular Culture so many influential articles and essays on immigrati- different perspectives. Popular? Immigration, Multiculture, and National on law and citizenship. Identity.” In his lecture, Prof. Ostendorf described

96 PUBLIC FORUM PUBLIC FORUM 97 On December 16, 2004, Prof. Dr. Hans Dieter assess. The discussion after the lecture turned Atlantic. Exploring the Americanization of Europe In his lecture “Immigration Country U.S.A.? U.S. Laux gave the third lecture of the series on to issues such as the fracture between Korean and the Europeanization of America, Puhle con- Immigration Law from Independence to 9/11,” “Looking for the American Dream: Social Advan- store- and business-owners and African-Ameri- cluded there was a clear limit to the convergence Motomura explored the significant judicial cement, Ethnic Identity, and Spatial Segregation can residents in traditionally African-American of political, economical, and cultural conditions distinction between immigrants and citizens and of Immigrants in Los Angeles.” Prof. Laux teaches neighborhoods in southern Los Angeles and the in Europe and the U.S. This is due mainly to diffe- the subsequent issues of justice for both without Geography at the University of Bonn, where he is L.A. Riots of 1992. rent development patterns, a central issue being equal rights. He identified three different inter- also an associate of the North America Pro- that the United States is a nation of immigrants. pretations of immigration and citizenship in the gram (NAP). His main area of expertise is urban Recurring waves of immigration and westward history of U.S. immigration law. social geography, especially in regard to ethnic expansion led to a continuous mobility as well minorities. Laux, a frequent visitor to the U.S., as to tendencies of fragmentation and atomi- The oldest of these, and no longer applied since has conducted many field studies in California. zation of society. These were compensated for the first half of the 20th century, is Immigration Laux is, among others, co-editor of “German by including the immigrants into the process of as Transition, in which immigrants appear as Geographical Research on North America: A nation building by: 1) providing work and thus in- “intending citizens.” Legal immigrants are treated Bibliography With Comments and Annotations” tegrating them into the society of ownership and as future citizens and, after having signed a note (1992) and Ethnicity: Geographic Perspectives on consumption; 2) establishing common instituti- of intent, gain access to civil rights, such as the Ethnic Change in Modern Cities” (1996), and has ons, such as representative organs, participatory right to vote, even before attaining citizenship. published numerous articles on migration and Prof. Dr. Hans-Jürgen Puhle structures, and equal rights in citizenship; and 3) The second interpretation Motomura called immigration in California. creating consensual ideologies that were open Immigration as Contract. Immigrants appear The fourth lecture was given by Prof. Dr. Hans- and obligatory for the newcomers, e.g. the norms as “citizens on probation,” whose claims to In his lecture Laux gave a survey of the varying Jürgen Puhle on January 13, 2005. Puhle teaches of the civil religion, the American dream, or the citizenship are forfeit as soon as they break a levels of integration of different groups of Asian Political Science at the University of Frankfurt melting pot. In contrast to Europe, this remains a silent, unspoken agreement to play by the rules immigrants in Los Angeles. Giving examples from and is Executive Director of Frankfurt University’s “typically American” feature of society and has to of the host country. Even minor transgressions of his own research in Los Angeles, Laux showed North-America Center, Zentrum für Nordameri- be considered when assessing the convergence of the law can induce the loss of equal rights and numerous city maps indicating level of income, kaforschung (ZENAF). One of the most renowned both regions. future citizenship. Third, Motomura identified education, employment, and living conditions. political scientists in Germany, Puhle has taught Immigration as Integration, which determines Superimposing these with maps showing the at the Universities of Münster and Bielefeld, as On January 27, 2005, Prof. Ayanna Yonemura, the right to citizenship and equal rights by the demographic breakdown of Los Angeles, i.e., well as at the Universidad de Chile in Santiago; at Ph.D., then Assistant Professor for Urban Studies depths of social, cultural, and economic ties and which ethnic minority lived in which area of the Cornell and Stanford; at the University of Tel Aviv, at the Sociology Department of Loyola Mary- commitment. city, Laux was able to demonstrate fundamental Israel; at FLACSO in Buenos Aires, Argentina; mount University (LMU) in Los Angeles, gave differences between Chinese, Japanese, Koreans, and at the Instituto Juan March in Madrid, Spain. the fifth lecture of the series. The HCA highly In his conclusion, Motomura pleaded for a renais- Vietnamese, and other groups. While one group He also was a research fellow at Harvard and appreciated the cooperation with LMU, whose sance of Immigration as Transition, so that the would live in highly segregated communities, Oxford. Prof. Puhle is a widely known author of funding allowed for Prof. Yonemura’s travel from U.S., a nation of immigrants, would once again others would be spread throughout the city area. several books and articles in his field and among the U.S. to Heidelberg. become an immigration country. How this can be Although in most cases these highly segregated others is the co-editor of the journals Iberoameri- achieved is described in his newest book Ame- areas showed lower standards of living, in some cana and Nordamerikastudien. Prof. Yonemura taught Urban Studies and Asian ricans in Waiting: The Lost Story of Immigration cases, these communities signified higher income American Studies at California State University, and Citizenship (2005). The discussion following or education levels. Laux’s lecture made it clear In his lecture “Identifications, Demarcations, and Northridge. In 2002 she taught as a Fulbright the presentation focused on how the U.S. has that the question of “salad bowl or melting pot?” Convergences: America and Europe in the 20th Scholar at the University of Asmara, Eritrea. In been (mis-)using immigration law as a means in concerning the integration of ethnic minorities Century,” Puhle addressed the differing integra- 2005 she came to Germany, again as a Fulbright the fight against terror since 9/11. into mainstream U.S. society has to be met tion mechanisms and expressions of multicultu- Scholar, to teach at the University of Frankfurt individually in each case and remains difficult to ralism and national identity on both sides of the and to conduct research in Heidelberg at the

98 PUBLIC FORUM PUBLIC FORUM 99 HCA. Yonemura has published two books and The concluding lecture of the series was delivered and German schools. After the foundation of the Schmahl amused the audience when he gave various articles. Her newest book, Japanese by PD Dr. habil. Helmut Schmahl on February 10, German Empire in 1871, ever fewer German im- proof that a particular German dialect has Americans: A Racialized Planning Project, is to be 2005. Helmut Schmahl teaches modern history migrants came to the U.S. The lack of influence of survived nevertheless: “Pennsylvania Dutch.” Eve- published in 2006. at the University of Mainz and has taught as not-yet-acculturated Germans led to a decline of rybody enjoyed his reading from an Amish bible Visiting Professor at the University of Wisconsin, German culture in the U.S. This Americanization from 1997. On first glance, the text appeared to Madison. He has published articles on German was accelerated after the U.S. entered World War be neither German nor English, but when pro- immigration to the U.S. and is co-editor of “Men- I. against Germany in 1917, as German immig- nounced in “proper English,” it turned out to be a schen zwischen zwei Welten: Auswanderung, rants came under pressure to acculturate and as peculiar German dialect of Southwest Germany’s Ansiedlung, Akkulturation” (2002). everything German was deemed hostile. Palatine.

In his comprehensive lecture “’We are Not Stran- gers in this Land:’ German Immigrants in the U.S. from Independence to World War One,” Schmahl Prof. Ayanna Yonemura examined the history of the more than six million Outlook on “Typisch Amerikanisch“ 2005/06 German immigrants that came to the U.S. since In her lecture “Urbanization as Acculturation: the late 17th century. The HCA’s lecture series “Typisch Amerikanisch” Business in Germany: American Businessmen and Japanese Americans during World War II,” Yone- resumed during the winter term 2005/06. This the German Market” mura illuminated the treatment of Japanese-Ame- year’s theme is “The U.S. and the Global Econo- ricans by the U.S. government after the bombing my.” The HCA once again presents high-profile Prof. Dr. Andreas Falke, Chair of International Stu- of Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941. Restrictions guest speakers to the Heidelberg audience. dies, Anglo-American Societies, at the University imposed upon them included curfews, travel rest- of Erlangen-Nürnberg, will speak on “Free-Trade rictions, and ouster from public service, but also The first lecture, given by Prof. Dr. Hannah Crusaders? Structural and Historical Foundations detention in special camps. At their peak, these Buxbaum of the Indiana University School of Law of U.S. Foreign Trade Policy.” camps housed around 120,000 Japanese-Ameri- at Bloomington, was on “Regulating Economic cans, two-thirds of whom were U.S. citizens. The Markets: The U.S. as Global Policeman?” The fifth lecture will be given by Richard Lehne, subsequent policy of resettlement in urban areas PD Dr. habil. Helmut Schmahl Professor for Political Science at Rutgers Universi- in the Midwest and East Coast regions aimed at Second, Prof. Dr. Rolf J. Langhammer, Vice-Pre- ty, New Jersey, and Fulbright Visiting Professor at forcing Japanese Americans into Anglo-American He described the religious, economic, and sident of the renowned Kiel Institute for World the HCA in 2005/06, on “Trends and Opportuni- middle-class culture. The resettlement program political push- and pull-factors that drove the Economics, gave a lecture on “The Transatlantic ties in U.S. Economic Policy.” might have been motivated by reasonable inten- immigrants from Germany and attracted them Free Trade Area (TAFTA): Dead Horse or Attracti- tions, but it was also based on the “powerful ide- to the U.S. Early German immigrants settled on ve Club?” Finally, the HCA is especially proud to welcome ology of Euro-American superiority” of the U.S. the East Coast, mainly in Pennsylvania. Later Prof. Dr. Norbert Walter, Chief Economist of the government and intellectuals. Yonemura drew a they would also find new homes in the Midwest, The third lecture will be given by Norbert Quin- Deutsche Bank Group, to wrap up the coming two-fold conclusion from this. On the one hand, especially in the “German Triangle” among kert, Executive Vice President of the American series and hold a lecture on “U.S.A.: Enternal sociological data suggests that the resettlement Milwaukee, WI; Lincoln, NE; and St. Louis, MO. Chamber of Commerce in Germany and Chairman Engine of the Global Economy?” policy did indeed enhance the integration of While early immigrants kept to themselves, living of the Motorola GmbH, Germany, on “Doing Japanese Americans into mainstream U.S. society. in segregated “Germantowns,” this changed On the other hand, World War Two is still seen with the American Civil War, when identification by many Japanese Americans as the defining with their new home country increased. Still, the moment of what it means to be Japanese in the immigrants conserved their cultural heritage, United States. founding German clubs, German newspapers,

100 PUBLIC FORUM PUBLIC FORUM 101 Guest Lectures such as Nova et Vetera: The Theology of Tradition can a truly catholic church exist in an environ- in American Catholicism (1987) and Common- ment that is religiously pluralistic and gives it no “Roger Williams and Liberty of Conscience” wealth Catholicism: A History of the Catholic special privilege? Second, can a religious body be Church in Virginia (2001). truly American if its members owe their religious On May 4, 2005, Prof. Edward J. Eberle, J.D., in 2001. Eberle has published widely on Constitu- allegiance to the Bishop of Rome? In a tour de Professor of Law at the Roger Williams University, tional Law, particularly First Amendment issues, force, Fogarty explored the history of the Catholic Rhode Island, gave a lecture at the Faculty of e.g. Dignity and Liberty: Constitutional Visions in Church in America from the 17th century to the Law in Heidelberg. His talk on “Roger Williams Germany and the United States (2002). present, leading from the religious liberty affor- and Liberty of Conscience” was co-organized by ded Catholics in the early Maryland colony to the the German-American Layers’ Association (DAJV) In his lecture, Eberle discussed the life of Roger pragmatic separation of church and state to the and the HCA. Williams and the development of his thought recent disreputable sex-abuse crisis that attracted with regard to religious freedom, especially inglorious attention even in Europe. in establishing the inviolability of conscience. Williams, born in London in 1603, emigrated to Prof. Gerald P. Fogarty, S.J. This lecture was organized in cooperation with America in 1631. Williams’ 1643 work Key into the Atlantische Akademie Rheinland-Pfalz e.V. in the Languages of America made him the autho- In his lecture on “the dilemma of American Kaiserslautern. rity on American Indians, while his 1644 work, Catholicism,” Fogarty raised two questions. First, The Bloody Tenet of Persecution for the Cause of Conscience, ultimately resulted in his expulsion from Massachusetts and his founding of the

Prof. Edward J. Eberle, J.D. Rhode Island colony. The two principal lines of “Paths of Coherence in Emerson’s Philoso- Williams’ thought centered on toleration and the phy: The Case of ‘Nominalist’ and ‘Realist’” Prof. Eberle taught at the New England School of separation of church and state. For Williams, the Law, Boston, as well as at Oklahoma City Univer- only proper response to conscience was tolerati- Prof. Russell Goodman of the University of New sity, at Konstanz, Münster, and the Universidade on, and church and state needed to be separated Mexico gave a guest lecture in Heidelberg on Oc- Católica Portuguesa in Lisbon. He was a Visiting to the betterment of both. Eberle traced the tober 24, 2005. His lecture, “Paths of Coherence Fellow at the Max Planck Institute for Comparative resonance of these two thoughts to the religious in Emerson’s Philosophy: The Case of ‘Nominalist Public Law and International Law in Heidelberg freedoms contained in the First Amendment and and ‘Realist,’” was co-hosted by the English contemporary Establishment Clause cases. Department and the HCA.

Emerson criticizes “foolish consistency” in “Self- Reliance,” but his writings nevertheless set out Prof. Russell Goodman “Catholic Life in the U.S.A.: The Dilemma of a coherent and consistent view of things. This American Catholicism” coherent vision is achieved through an epistemo- logy of moods, however, which offers no stable Russell Goodman grew up in New York City and On May 31, 2005, the HCA welcomed Prof. Ger- U.S.A.: The Dilemma of American Catholicism.” resting point for evaluating life or the world. In studied philosophy at the University of Penn- ald P. Fogarty, S.J., a leading expert on American He has taught at Fordham University, Woodstock “Nominalist and Realist,” Emerson dramatizes sylvania, Oxford, and Johns Hopkins University. Catholicism, to Heidelberg. Fogarty, an ordained College, Catholic University of America, and the radical disjunctions between the “realist” and He currently is Professor of Philosophy at the priest and William R. Kennan, Jr., Professor of Boston College. A member of numerous academic “nominalist” positions, maintaining that reality is University of New Mexico. Professor Goodman Religious Studies and History at the University of organizations, Fogarty has published numerous an “Old Two Face” and that “the only way we can works primarily on American philosophy and on Virginia, gave a lecture on “Catholic Life in the books and articles on Catholicism in the U.S., be just, is by giving ourselves the lie.” the relation between the American traditions of

102 PUBLIC FORUM PUBLIC FORUM 103 pragmatism and transcendentalism and currents gies: five volumes on pragmatism with Rutledge; MAS Commencement 2005 of European thought. He is the author of several and Contending with Stanley Cavell, published by articles and book chapters on Emerson, William Oxford University Press in 2005. Prof. Goodman In 2003/04, the single most important event Ambassador to Germany from 1925 to 1930, to James, Ludwig Wittgenstein, and Stanley Cavell, has directed a summer seminar and a summer was the inauguration of the HCA and its M.A. whom the University of Heidelberg owes a special and two books with Cambridge University Press, institute on Emerson for the National Endowment in American Studies (MAS) program. This year, debt of gratitude. It was Schurman who initiated American Philosophy and the Romantic Traditi- for the Humanities and was a Fulbright Senior in 2004/05, the highlight of the year clearly was a fundraising campaign in the U.S. in 1928 that on (1990) and Wittgenstein and William James Lecturer in American literature at the University the graduation ceremony for the first class of the finally led to the construction of the “New Univer- (2002). Goodman also has published six antholo- of Barcelona. MAS, the MAS Commencement 2005. sity” in Heidelberg. To this day, this building re- mains the focal location for lectures and seminars On October 26, 2005, the HCA celebrated the in the humanities, law, and social sciences. achievements of the 15 graduates of the Class of 2005 and simultaneously welcomed the 17 stu- “This is My World Now: Henry David Thoreau dents of the Class of 2006. An audience of 200 by Moonlight” invited guests, including some graduates’ parents who had traveled to Heidelberg from as far away On June 20, 2005, Prof. David M. Robinson gave books on American Transcendentalism and as Hong Kong, enjoyed the ceremony, which was a guest lecture entitled “This is My World Now: Universalism, including Emerson and the Conduct held in the prestigious and solemn Great Hall of Henry David Thoreau by Moonlight.” The lecture of Life (Cambridge University Press, 1993) and the Old University. was held at the English Department and was Natural Life: Thoreau’s Worldly Transcendenta- co-organized by the HCA and the Department of lism (Cornell University Press, 2004). Opening Addresses were spoken by Prof. Dr. Prof. Dr. Peter Hommelhoff English. Peter Hommelhoff, Rector of the University of Next to Walden and Resistance to Civil Go- Heidelberg; Peter W. Bodde, U.S. Consul General Hommelhoff called the HCA “a real success,” ho- vernment, Thoreau’s Journal has come to be in Frankfurt (Main); Hans-Jochen Schmidt, Head noring the MAS program as “setting an example recognized as his most significant contribution to of the Division of Non-European Countries, in its interdisciplinary approach as well as in the the emergence of a modern ecological sensibi- Directorate General for Cultural Relations and internationality of its students.” Hinting at the lity which attempts to bridge the gap between Education Policy of the German Federal Foreign university’s Heidelberg House, to be established the sciences and the humanities. In his lecture, Office, Berlin; Dr. Rudolf Kühner, President of at the University of Massachusetts, Amherst, in Professor Robinson examined the journal entries the Presidio Karlsruhe; Prof. Dr. Stefan Weinfur- 2006, Hommelhoff committed the University to in which Thoreau recorded his impressions during ter, Dean of the Faculty of Philosophy; and by “keep building Heidelberg bridges across the frequent his walks at night, at dusk, and at dawn. Prof. Dr. Detlef Junker, HCA Founding Director. Atlantic that can be traversed in both directions.” Prof. David M. Robinson Thoreau used these walks to test his daytime The keynote address was given by Prof. David perception against the quite different illumina- Calleo, Dean Acheson Professor and Director The HCA was especially honored to welcome U.S. David M. Robinson is Oregon Professor of English tion of the moon or the setting or dawning sun, of European Studies Program at Johns Hopkins Consul General Bodde at the commencement and Distinguished Professor of American Litera- finding a quite different, and quite compelling, University’s Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced ceremony. Addressing the “community of values ture in the Department of English at Oregon State landscape. These experiments in perception and International Studies, Washington, D.C. and of purpose” that is shared by the United Sta- University. He has held Fellowships from the imagination were undertaken when Thoreau was tes and Europe, Consul General Bodde expressed American Council for Learned Societies and the devoting himself more completely to his Journal In his address, Rector Hommelhoff empha- his confidence in the strength of the partner- National Endowment for the Humanities, and has and orienting himself more decidedly toward sized the long-standing tradition of close ties ship between the U.S. and Europe. He stressed been Fulbright Guest Professor at the University more precise scientific observations of the natural between the University of Heidelberg and the the fact that the MAS, by bringing students of Heidelberg. A leading authority on 19th cen- world. United States, calling particular attention to from around the world to Heidelberg to study tury intellectual history, he has published several the engagement of Jacob Gould Schurman, U.S. the history, politics, and culture of the United

104 PUBLIC FORUM PUBLIC FORUM 105 States, enhances the transatlantic relationship by academic excellence at Germany’s oldest univer- deepening mutual understanding. “We have to sity, the HCA now offers a “pioneering concept in understand each other to face the challenges of its international and interdisciplinary approach,” today’s world.” said Kühner. With regard to the close political, cultural, and economic ties between Baden- This view was echoed by Hans-Jochen Schmidt of Württemberg and the U.S., Dr. Kühner saw the the German Federal Foreign Office, who declared HCA further strengthening this partnership, “a that “the HCA is a fantastic forum and platform partnership marked by mutual understanding.” for transatlantic dialogue.” For many decades, Schmidt said, Heidelberg has been the humus of Prof. Stefan Weinfurter reminded the audience German-American relations. As he pointed out, that the HCA, although a central academic the HCA does not simply foster transatlantic rela- institution of the University, is in fact “the child tions. By bringing together students from all over of the Faculty of Philosophy,” where the con- Audience and guest speakers. In the front row (r. to l.): Prof. Dr. Stefan Weinfurter, Prof. Dr. Detlef Junker, the globe to spend one year together, the HCA cept of its formation was first developed. Still, Prof. Dr. Angelos Chaniotis, and Prof. Dr. Peter Hommelhoff also helps global understanding between many Weinfurter said, the success of the HCA is due to different cultures. Schmidt also thanked the com- the commitment of the six different Faculties that Prof. Calleo congratulated the graduates of the Calleo concluded that both Europe and the U.S. mitment of the private and institutional donors came together and pooled their resources. Only Class of 2005 and the HCA for its success, dub- need to “rejuvenate their imaginations” when that supported the establishment of the HCA. together can they secure the institute’s prospe- bing the Center “a fine new institution in a great creating visions of the global political system. rity. As the Dean of the Faculty of Philosophy, old university.” In his lecture “Unipolar Folly? Both have to redefine their vital relationship and Weinfurter took pride in the achievement of the Disfunctional Visions across the Atlantic,” Prof. regain their old intimacy. This task will have to be Class of 2005, hoping they will become “ambas- Calleo examined the current state of transatlantic completed by the new generation, said Calleo, sadors of the University of Heidelberg all around relations. He identified fundamental differences addressing the Class of 2005. For neither the U.S. the world.” in the way that Europe and the U.S. view the nor Europe can “hide from shaping history.” political post-Soviet global system. While the After welcoming the Class of 2006 to Heidelberg, United States represents a “unipolar vision of The keynote address was followed by the ceremo- Prof. Junker welcomed keynote speaker Prof. world order,” with the EU, European States have nial transferal of the M.A. diploma to the Class of David Calleo. Calleo earned his Ph.D. in Political been creating their own vision, a “new political 2005 by Rector Hommelhoff. The MAS Com- Science from Yale University and has taught at formula – a Union of nation states.” mencement 2005 ended with cheerful reception Brown, Yale, and Columbia Universities. He was at the Bel Etage of the Old University.

Guests of honor (l. to r.): Prof. David Calleo, Hans-Jochen Schmidt, a visiting fellow in Bonn and Munich as well as in Taking into account the rise of new powers, espe- Dr. Rudolf Kühner, and U.S. Consul General Bodde Geneva, Oxford, and Paris. Calleo is a member of cially China and India, and looking at the “failure various academic organizations and has served in Iraq,” Calleo concluded that “neither economi- As a special feature, the ceremony reintroduced As the representative of the government of the as consultant to the U.S. Under-Secretary of State cally nor militarily is the world unipolar.” On the the tradition of the graduates wearing academic State of Baden-Württemberg, Dr. Rudolf Kühner for Political Affairs during the Lyndon B. Johnson other hand, the European model also poses pro- gowns and hoods for their commencement cere- congratulated the graduates of the Class of 2005 administration. Calleo has published numerous blems. The enlarged EU is loosing coherence and mony. This tradition was abandoned after World on behalf of Günter Öttinger, Minister-President articles and books on Germany, European affairs, direction, the constitution has been dismissed, War II, with only high ranking university officials of the State of Baden-Württemberg. He stressed and transatlantic relations. In the fall of 2004, and the welfare states need to be reformed. and professors wearing their academic attire on the importance of research and science in the po- Prof. Calleo was George H. W. Bush Fellow at the “Failure is no longer unthinkable,” said Calleo. He special occasions ever since. During the MAS litics of Baden-Württemberg, which spends more American Academy in Berlin. advised that “Europe’s model must be saved in Commencement 2005, members of the Rectorate, on its universities than does any other German Europe itself” and that Europe has to grow into the Faculties, and the MAS teaching staff also state government. Along with the long history of “a more balanced and rounder power.” attended the ceremony vested in their academic

106 PUBLIC FORUM PUBLIC FORUM 107 attire, featuring the colors of their respective The HCA hopes that other institutes of Heidelberg resentatives of the city of Heidelberg, and several faculties. The graduates wore classic M.A. gowns University will follow this example and help to disabled persons organizations were eagerly and custom-made HCA hoods boasting two blue reestablish this centuries-old tradition. waiting. ribbons, provided by England’s most traditional robe makers Ede and Ravenscroft in Cambridge. In a short introduction, Dr. Philipp Gassert, Exe- cutive Director of the HCA, drew the attention to the special regard of Germans for the Kennedys since John F. Kennedy’s famous speech in Berlin in 1963. Shriver confirmed this impression: “Hard- Eunice Kennedy Shriver ly in any other country have we been welcomed so warmheartedly,” adding that this is the case “Best Buddies” now positively impacts more than “even though I am most notably known in Ger- 250,000 people worldwide each year. Apart from many as the brother-in-law of Arnold Schwarzen- the United States, “Best Buddies” chapters exist egger.” This is about to change as “Best Buddies” in 15 other countries, reaching from Australia to is coming to Germany. Sweden. Now the first chapters are to be founded in Germany. “We want to start with five schools and universities in Germany,” said Shriver.

In doing so it is not important how many people volunteer in the beginning. “If only one student from Heidelberg founds a chapter, that is at least one life changed,” he continued. It is not just the The graduates of the MAS Class of 2005 (l. to r.): Amy Foster Parish, Susan Ruppert, Ean Fullerton, disabled people who benefit from “Best Buddies” Solinda Kamani, Mark Olsztyn, Anthony Santoro, Yuyun Chen, Asim Jusic, Florian Vlad, Amanda Chiu, friendships. “We learn so much from them, we and Raluca Gheorghita. Not pictured: Maria Andrei, Stanislaw Burdziej, Daniela Ganji, and Özge Özmen. Anthony Kennedy Shriver learn respect and friendship, we too are motiva- Shriver related how while still a student he ted and inspired.” noticed that every single individual can do some- Best Buddies in Heidelberg thing to help people with intellectual disabilities. Shriver’s address was followed by a video presen- He related how he established “Best Buddies,” tation. The audience watched Shriver and other 41 years after Robert Kennedy’s visit in June University in Washington, D.C. The project aims mentioning his aunt, Rosemary Kennedy, who participants together with their “Best Buddies,” 1961, members of the Kennedy family once again at fostering one-on-one friendships between died in 2004 and was herself intellectually engaged in sports, playing music, or simply paid a visit to Heidelberg. Eunice Kennedy Shriver people with and without intellectual disabilities. disabled. enjoying a pizza together. Sean Penn and Kevin (83), sister of Robert and John F. Kennedy, ac- Pupils and students are encouraged to participa- Spacey urged the audience to “find out if there is companied her son Anthony Kennedy Shriver (39) te, and through such friendships help integrate “There were so many things she couldn’t do, but a “Best Buddies” program at your school. And if on a journey through Germany promoting their intellectually disabled people into mainstream she could swim,” he exclaimed. This is the lesson there isn’t, create one!” charity project “Best Buddies.” On Thursday, June society. he learned: “No matter who they are, everybo- 23, 2005, they came to Heidelberg. This visit was dy has a skill that others don’t have.” Shriver Even more impressive than these two Hollywood co-hosted by the University of Heidelberg and the After a short visit to the Rector of the University believes in giving these people the opportunity to stars was the moment following the presentation, Heidelberg Center for American Studies (HCA). of Heidelberg, Professor Peter Hommelhoff, develop these skills, and believes that one-on- when Eunice Kennedy Shriver rose to speak. She “Best Buddies” was founded in 1989 by Anthony Anthony Shriver and his mother entered the Alte one friendships can provide such opportunities. had been listening throughout the entire event, Shriver while he was studying at Georgetown Senatssaal, where an audience of students, rep- sometimes taking notes. When she spoke, she

108 PUBLIC FORUM PUBLIC FORUM 109 spoke quietly, but very distinctly, each word cho- Germany on November 30, 2005, in Berlin. In currently failing in Iraq. In contrast to Heidelberg Heidelberg, spoke on behalf of the U.S. Army. He sen with care. With great earnestness she spoke the presence of Anthony Shriver, the first chapter and Germany in 1945, Junker concluded that in concurred with the previous speakers, praising of her brother John F. Kennedy, of his legacy, the was founded at the John F. Kennedy High School, modern-day Iraq there is neither the will nor the the neighbourly and friendly partnership of Ame- spirit of commitment to your community, and of Berlin. The HCA hopes that other schools and capability to cooperate between the occupants ricans and Germany in Heidelberg today. the need for volunteer service. universities will follow and will continue to sup- and the occupied. After the ceremony Ms Weber and Brig. Gen. port the establishment of a Best Buddies chapter Brigadier General Russell L. Frutiger, deputy Frutiger opened the commemorative exhibition The audience appeared thoughtful as it left the at the University of Heidelberg. chief of staff at the headquarter of USAREUR in “Building New Bridges” in the city hall foyer. hall. Shriver and Kennedy left a mark. There were potential candidates, but no direct commitments More information can be found at yet. Still, the trip to Germany was worthwhile, as www.bestbuddies.org. it led to the official inauguration of Best Buddies 620th Anniversary of the University of Heidelberg

Founded on October 18, 1386, the University of cially during the Presidency of George W. Bush Heidelberg is Germany’s oldest University. On and since September 11, 2001 – a phase Junker 60th Anniversary of the End of World War II October 22, 2005, the university celebrated its accentuated with a question mark. 620th anniversary with an academic ceremony. On March 30, 2005, Heidelberg celebrated the handover of the city to the US-Army that stood The keynote address was delivered by Prof. Detlef Transatlantic relations have dramatically chan- 60th anniversary of the end of World War Two. It on the northern shore. With all bridges, including Junker, Founding Director of the HCA, entitled ged, explained Junker, since the collapse of the was Good Friday of 1945 when the US-Army mo- Heidelberg’s landmark “Old Bridge” having been “Europe and the USA,” indicating this year’s Soviet Union. The U.S. have turned from the last ved into Heidelberg and ended the Nazi-Regime, destroyed by the Germans, her courageous act ceremony’s focus on the university’s international remaining superpower into the first “hyperpower” some five weeks before the final capitulation of secured the only possibility for negotiations. relations. of the world. Once a “benign hegemon” in Eu- the Third Reich on May 8. rope, guaranteeing security and peace, the U.S. This was confirmed by Prof. Junker: “There is no This focus was underlined by Prof. Peter Hommel- have become the champion of a global and unila- To commemorate the liberation of Heidelberg, doubt that Heidelberg would have been razed by hoff, Rector of the University of Heidelberg. terally defined pax americana utopia, which may Lord Mayor Beate Weber invited representatives the Americans, if a peaceful handover of the city Recognizing the prospering relations with foreign very well lead to a marginalization of Europe. of Heidelberg’s public life, as well as officials of would not have been negotiated.” In his speech, universities, the Rectorate decided to further the 7th US-Army which is still based in Heidel- Prof. Junker recollected that initially the relation- commit the university to its international rela- Facing the evident failure of this pax americana, berg, to a ceremonial event held at the city hall. ship between the citizens of Heidleberg and the tions as a strategic goal. In particular, relations domestically in the U.S. as well as internationally, Prof. Detlef Junker, HCA Founding Director, was US-troops was not one of intimate friendship. with the United States will be emphasized. By e.g. in Iraq, Prof. Junker concluded that this fai- invited to speak on “Heidelberg and the Ameri- The “friendly foe” angered many Heidelbergers, establishing a Heidelberg House at the University lure will open up new opportunities for transat- can Occupation.” especially by seizing large parts of private and of Massachusetts Amherst, Heidelberg hopes to lantic cooperation. For this to happen, it is vital public property in order to house the GIs and the strengthen existing relations with the U.S. to contine dialogue across the Atlantic, to adhere Beate Weber addressed the audience, thanking Army administration. Still, Junker continued, the to a sustained political, cultural, and especially all parties involved for the lasting period of peace American re-education policies led to the city In his address, Prof. Junker outlined the relations educational exchange. According to Prof. Junker, in Europe since 1945. She reminded the audience administration and the university cleansing of of Europe and the U.S. in a long-term analysis. “That is the only possibility to prevent the latent of the “miracle” of Heidelberg and recounted former Nazis. This facilitated the democratization Junker identified three different phases of the anti-Americanism to settle down in the souls of the well known story of how Anni König (born in Heidelberg – and later in all of West Germany. transatlantic relations. First, a “Europeanization the Europeans, and the latent anti-Europeanism Tham) saved the city in 1945. It was Ms König, Looking at the recent U.S. engagement in Iraq, of America” from U.S. independence in 1776 to to settle down in the souls of Americans.” then a young girl of 16 years, who rowed a Prof. Junker raised the question of why the United World War I.; second, an “Americanization of group of Heidelberg Assemblymen in her boat States’ policies of re-education and democrati- Europe” from 1917 to the end of the Cold War; across the Neckar river to negotiate the peaceful zation that succeeded so well in Germany, are and third, a “Marginalization of Europe?” espe-

110 PUBLIC FORUM PUBLIC FORUM 111 Further Activities

112 113 Fundraising The Alumni-Network for American Studies

Although the Heidelberg Center for American The FHCA also oversees tax deductible contributi- The Alumni-Association of the Heidelberg Center If you are a member and haven’t received or have Studies (HCA) is a central academic facility of ons to the HCA from the United States: for American Studies (HCA) was founded during forgotten your username and password, please the University of Heidelberg, it is nonetheless in 2004 during the festivities marking Prof. Detlef contact us. financed through private and public funds. Over Friends of the Heidelberg Center Junker’s 65th birthday. the past year, the fundraising efforts with private for American Studies (FHCA) Members receive a monthly email newsletter that and institutional sponsors have been an essential c/o Lucy Whitehead The Alumni-Network aims at providing its mem- keeps them informed about current activities and component of the HCA. The Heidelberg Center for Mannheim LLC bers the means to keep in touch with the Univer- developments of the HCA and includes invitations American Studies depends heavily upon this “pu- 712 Fifth Ave., 32nd Floor sity of Heidelberg in general and the Heidelberg to upcoming events. blic-private-partnership” for its financial survival, USA-New York, NY 10019 Center for American Studies in particular. and continuous fundraising will remain a funda- T + 1 212 / 664 8600 The network is open to all graduates of the HCA’s The HCA also will organize an annual homeco- mentally important task in the HCA’s future. F + 1 212 / 664 8415 Master of Arts in American Studies Program ming event for its alumni. This will take place on The creation of a new institute for American Stu- (MAS), as well as to graduates and researchers the day of the MAS Commencement ceremony dies in Heidelberg would not have been possible JP Morgan Private Bank of the University of Heidelberg who deal with the and most likely also on the following weekend. without the support of many generous donors. 1211 Avenue of the Americas United States in their M.A. thesis, Staatsexamen, Though we are planning to create a special pro- New York, NY 10036 doctoral dissertation, or Habilitiationsschrift, or gram for our alumni during these days, our main From day one, the Jacob Gould Schurman-Foun- ABA # 021000021 who are and were teaching about the USA at the goal is to enable the graduates of each year to dation headed by Rolf Kentner, Honorary Senator A/c # 739 178636 University of Heidelberg. get to know the members of the alumni network of the University of Heidelberg, has been a vital personally and to gather information and tips proponent of the HCA. With a registered office in Contributions made to these two foundations have Having started with ten founding members, first hand. Mannheim, the Schurman-Foundation is in charge enabled the development of the HCA, and have the network now has welcomed more than fifty of tax deductible contributions to the HCA from allowed the HCA to undertake special activities members. Nevertheless, we invite and encourage If you are thinking of becoming a member of the Europe and Germany: such as the new graduate program “Master of Arts graduates or researches from the different disci- Alumni-Network for American Studies please in American Studies,” the “HCA Spring Academy,” plines that are united in the HCA to apply for mem- don’t hesitate to contact: Jacob Gould Schurman-Stiftung inter-national conferences, and research work- bership. Since one of the network’s aims is the c/o Baden-Württembergische Bank shops among others. exchange of professional experiences. Applications Heidelberg Center for American Studies (HCA) Postfach 120254 from those who have completely left academia are Rebekka Weinel D-68053 Mannheim The HCA gratefully appreciates the generous sup- as welcome as those from researchers. Schillerstr. 4-8 T +49 621 / 1708 - 218 port of individuals, corporations, and institutions, D-69115 Heidelberg F +49 621 / 1708 - 450 including the Baden-Württembergische Bank AG, Since the HCA’s Alumni Directory went online in the BASF AG, Honorary Senator of the University August, 2005, communication between members T +49 6221 / 79 634 - 17 Baden-Württembergische Bank AG of Heidelberg Curt Engelhorn and the Angel Foun- has been greatly simplified. Available to Asso- F +49 6221 / 79 634 - 29 Filiale Mannheim dation, John Deere, the Ladenburg Foundation, ciation members only, this directory includes the Konto-Nr.: 531 61907 00 the Landesbank Baden-Württemberg (LBBW AG), names of all members and provides users with [email protected] BLZ: 670 200 20 Honorary Senator of the University of Heidel- email addresses and further information about berg Manfred Lautenschläger, Dr. Bernd-A. von the fields of study and current positions of those Or just check our website for the online A major success in the HCA’s fundraising endea- Maltzan, the Schurman-Foundation, Jerry Speyer, members who volunteered this information. The application. vors has been the establishment of the Foundation Hans-Peter Wild and the Leonie-Wild-Foundation, directory can be found on the HCA’s homepage “Friends of the Heidelberg Center for American and the ZEIT-Foundation Ebelin and Gerd Bucerius. (www.hca.uni-hd.de) under “Alumni” and then Studies” (FHCA) in New York in the spring of 2004. “Alumni Network.”

114 FURTHER ACTIVITIES FURTHER ACTIVITIES 115 Media Coverage and flexible enough so that the individual pro- prospective B.A. and Ph.D. in American Studies). grams would both stand out on their own, and still Different points are magnified corresponding with During the past year, reports on the HCA, its facul- DeutschlandRadio, DIE ZEIT, The Herald Post, be clearly identifiable as a part of the HCA. the related area of activity. ty and staff, and its activities have appeared in the Mannheimer Morgen, Meier – Das Stadtmagazin, The third element in the signet is the corporate co- following media: Rhein-Neckar-Zeitung, Rheinischer Merkur, Scie- The new design includes the HCA’s new signet, its lor. The umbrella design of the HCA features a dark netific American, Stadtblatt Heidelberg, Stars and new corporate typeface, and new corporate colors. blue (see cover of this report). In addition, bright Deutsche Presse Agentur (dpa), Deutsche Welle Stripes, Stuttgarter Zeitung, SWR 2 Radio, SWR 3 clear colors were chosen for the different sub- Radio, Deutsche Welle TV, Deutschlandfunk Radio, TV, UniSpiegel, and various online media. brands: sharp red is used for the MAS and bright green has been chosen for the Spring Academy.

The font chosen was taken from the Adrian Fru- tiger designed typeface “FrutigerNext”. The font Cooperation and Support distinguishes itself by its excellent legibility and high visibility from distances, which is of extreme The HCA is grateful for the cooperation and help German-Pennsylvanian Association; the Humboldt importance, e.g. for the HCA posters. that it has received over the past year from the Foundation; the U.S. Consulate General in Frank- following institutions: furt am Main; and the U.S. Embassy in Berlin. The new corporate design encompasses all print- and media products, from the HCA business Discussing the early drafts of the new design (l. to r.): Alexander The American Academy Berlin; the Atlantische Additionally, the HCA would like to thank the Emmerich, Daniel Sommer, Philipp Gassert, and Christiane Rösch cards and stationary to brochures, flyers, and Akademie Rheinland-Pfalz e.V.; Best Buddies following institutions of the University of Heidel- publications such as this report, to doorplates and International; the Deutsch-Amerikanisches Institut berg for their support: the Computing Center, the The signet – a variable word-logo – consists of merchandising articles. Heidelberg (DAI); the European Central Bank (ECB) Guesthouse, the International Office, the Interna- three fundamental elements. The first element is in Frankfurt am Main; the Fulbright Foundation; tionales Wissenschaftsforum Heidelberg (IWH), the combination of three initials and a respective On the following page you can find pictured the German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD); the Rectorate, the Studentenwerk Heidelberg, the subclaim, e.g. “HCA” added with “Heidelberg examples of the new corporate design. the German-American Lawyers’ Association University Library, and the Zentrale Universitäts- Center for American Studies”. The second element (DAJV); the German Embassy in Washington, D.C.; verwaltung. is that of the six points included in the signet. On Born in 1977, Bernhard Pompeÿ holds a diploma the German Federal Foreign Office; the German an abstract level, the multiple and variably points in Graphic Design from the University for Applied Historical Institute (GHI) in Washington, D.C.; the visually express the HCA’s core principals of inter- Science and Art in Freiburg. He currently studies disciplinarity and internationality. More concretely, Communications Design at the University of each point is a symbol for one of the six faculties Mannheim. Pompeÿ has successfully worked with which cooperate in the HCA. The points in the left- corporations such as Kraft Food’s chocolate brand hand collumn represent the HCA itself, its research Milka, the globally renowned Fraunhofer Gesell- The New Corporate Design activities, and its function as a forum for public de- schaft, the Jazzfestival Bühl, and the Australian Art bate. Those in the right-hand column stand for the Centre. For more information please visit www. In September 2005, the HCA introduced its new HCA umbrella design crystallized. It will be utilized different educational programs (The MAS and the bernahrdpompey.de. corporate Design. Graphic Designer Bernhard in all areas of activity of the HCA, such as the MAS Pompeÿ was asked to create a new visual appea- program, the annual Spring Academy, and the rance for the institute. lecture series “Typisch Amerikanisch”.

Following an initial research period and the The challenge in creating the new design was to discussion of various blueprints and drafts, a new develop an overall HCA profile that was inclusive

116 FURTHER ACTIVITIES FURTHER ACTIVITIES 117 118 119