Resettlement Plan

Project No.: 43141-044 Document Stage: Final March 2016

PNG: Civil Aviation Development and Investment Program – Tranche 3

Kavieng Airport, New Ireland Province

Prepared by National Airports Corporation, Port Moresby, for the Asian Development Bank, Manila, Philippines

This Resettlement Pan is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB’s Board of Directors, Management, or Staff, and may be preliminary in nature.

In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.

ABBREVIATIONS

ADB - Asian Development Bank AIDS - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome AP - Affected Person CADIP - Civil Aviation Development and Investment Program DLO - District Lands Officer DMS - Detailed Measurement Survey DLPP - Department of Lands and Physical Planning EA - Executing Agency EIA - Environmental Impact Assessment EMP - Environmental Management Plan GAD - Gender Aware Development GAP - Gender Action Plan GoPNG - Government of Papua New Guinea Ha - hectare HH - households HIV - Human Immunodeficiency Virus IA - Implementing Agency IOL - Inventory of Loss LCAVR - Land Acquisition and Valuation Report LIR - Land Investigation Report LLG - Local Level Government MOA - Memorandum of Agreement NAC - National Airports Corporation NEC - National Executive Council NIP - New Ireland Province NIPA - New Ireland Provincial Administration PLO - Provincial Lands Officer PMU - Project Management Unit PPTA - Project Preparatory Technical Assistance RP - Resettlement Plan RC - Replacement Cost ROW - Right of Way SES - Socio-Economic Survey SPS - Safeguard Policy Statement (ADB 2009) sqm - square metres PGK - PNG Kina USD - US Dollars as of 29/01/16, 1 USD is equivalent to PGK2.9674

GLOSSARY OF TERMS

Meaningful Consultation A process that (i) begins early in the PPTA and is carried out on an ongoing basis throughout the project cycle; (ii) provides timely disclosure of relevant and adequate information that is understandable and readily accessible to affected people; (iii) is undertaken in an atmosphere free of intimidation or coercion; (iv) is gender inclusive and responsive, and tailored to the needs of disadvantaged and vulnerable groups; and (v) enables the incorporation of all relevant views of affected people and other stakeholders into decision-making, such as project design, mitigation measures, the sharing of development benefits and opportunities, and implementation measures. Affected Person (s) In the context of land acquisition, affected persons are those who are physically affected and/or displaced (relocation, loss of residential land, or loss of shelter) and/or economically affected (loss of land, assets, access to assets, income sources, or means of livelihoods) as a result of (i) involuntary acquisition of land, or (ii) involuntary restrictions on land use or on access to legally designated parks and protected areas. Indigenous Peoples Is a generic term used to refer to a distinct, vulnerable, social and cultural group possessing the following characteristics in varying degrees: (i) self- identification as members of a distinct indigenous cultural group and recognition of this identity by other groups; (ii) collective attachment to geographically distinct habitats or ancestral territories in the project area and natural resources in these habitats and territories; (iii) customary cultural, economic, social, or political institutions separate from those of the dominant society and culture; and (iv) a distinct language, often different from the official language of the country or region. Gender Mainstreaming The process of ensuring that gender concerns and women’s needs and perspectives are explicitly considered in projects and programs, and that women participate in the decision-making processes associated with development-based activities. Country Safeguard This is the legal and institutional framework of Papua New Guinea and it Systems consists of its national, sub national, or sectoral implementing institutions and relevant laws, regulations, rules, and procedures that pertain to the policy areas of social safeguards. Significant Impact The loss of 10% or more of productive assets (income generation) or physical displacement and/or both.

TABLE OF CONTENT

ABBREVIATIONS ...... 2 Executive Summary ...... Error! Bookmark not defined. A. Project Description ...... Error! Bookmark not defined. B. Scope of Land Acquisition and Resettlement ...... Error! Bookmark not defined. i. Project’s Potential Impacts ...... Error! Bookmark not defined. ii. Scope of Land Acquisition ...... Error! Bookmark not defined. iii. Effects of Assets Lost ...... Error! Bookmark not defined. iv. Common Property Resources ...... Error! Bookmark not defined. i. Demographic Features of Affected Peoples ...... 15 ii. Impacts of Land and Asset Acquisition on Affected Peoples ..... Error! Bookmark not defined. iv. Gender and Resettlement Impact ...... 17 E. Information Disclosure, Consultation and Participation ...... Error! Bookmark not defined. i: Project Stakeholders ...... 18 ii: Consultation and Participation Mechanisms ...... 18 iii. Activities Undertaken to Disseminate Project and Resettlement Information during updating of the RP ...... 18 Date ...... 18 Thursday 22/10/2015 ...... 18 Venue ...... 18 New Ireland Provincial Administrator’s Office - Kavieng ...... 18 Attendance ...... 18 iv: Disclosure of the Draft Resettlement Plan ...... Error! Bookmark not defined. vi: Planned Information Disclosure Measures during Project Implementation .. Error! Bookmark not defined. F. Grievance Redress Mechanism ...... Error! Bookmark not defined. G. Legal Framework ...... Error! Bookmark not defined. i: National and Local Laws and ADB Policy Requirements ...... 22 i. Resettlement Policy Principles for the Project ...... 29 ii: Principles and Methodologies for Determining Valuations and Compensation Rates ...... 30 iii. Description of Land Acquisition Process ...... 30 H. Entitlements, Assistance and Benefits ...... Error! Bookmark not defined. i. Affected Person’s Entitlements and Eligibility...... 31 ii. Assistance to Vulnerable Groups ...... 32 iii. Opportunities for Affected Persons to Derive Appropriate Development Benefits ...... 32 I. Relocation of Physical Structures ...... Error! Bookmark not defined. J. Income Restoration and Rehabilitation ...... Error! Bookmark not defined. i. Possible Livelihood Risks ...... Error! Bookmark not defined. ii. Income Restoration Program ...... Error! Bookmark not defined. iii. Special Measures to Support Vulnerable Groups ...... 33 iv. Specific Gender Considerations...... 33 v. Suggested Training Programs ...... 34

K. Resettlement Budget and Financing Plan ...... Error! Bookmark not defined. i. Itemized Budget for Resettlement Activities ...... Error! Bookmark not defined. ii. Flow of funds ...... 34 iii. Justification for Calculating Compensation Rates and Other Cost Estimates ...... 35 iv. Sources of Financing ...... Error! Bookmark not defined. L. Institutional Arrangements ...... Error! Bookmark not defined. i. Responsibilities and Mechanisms for Carrying out Resettlement Plan ...... 35 ii. Institutional Capacity Building Program...... 36 iii. Role of Civil Society Groups ...... 36 iv. Involvement of Women’s Groups in Resettlement Planning and Management ...... 36 M. Implementation Schedule ...... Error! Bookmark not defined. N. Monitoring and Reporting ...... Error! Bookmark not defined. O. Annexes ...... 39 Annex I: Consultation Photos ...... 39 Annex II: Consultation Letter TO NIPA ...... 41 Annex III: Support letter from Member for Kavieng...... 43 Annex IV – XIV: LIRs for Portion 1049C, 1160C & 1164C ...... 45 Annex XV – XX: COI LCAVR and DLPP letter for payment ...... 59

Figures

Figure 1: kavieng airport and the proposed runway extension ...... 10 Figure 2: LAyout of the kavieng airport runway extension ...... 11 Figure 3: Greivance redress mechanism ...... 21

Tables

Table 1: Cland and Land Details for Land Acquistion ...... 6 able 2: Scope of Work for kavieng airport ...... 12 Table 3: Land Acquistion and No of APs in Sub-project Component ...... 13 Table 4: Consultation Points from NAC- NIPA meeting ...... 18 Table 5: Comparison of ADB SPS and PNG Laws on RP Measures ...... 23 Table 6: Comparison of GoPNG Law and ADB Policy and Gap-Filling Measures ...... 26 Table 7: Entitlement Matrix ...... 31 Table 8: Estimated Land Acquisition Budget ...... 34 Table 9: Implementation Schedule ...... 37 Table 10: The Final Monitoring and Evaluation Indicators ...... 38

Executive Summary

1. The Kavieng Airport Runway Extension & Associated Works project is under Batch 3 of the Civil Aviation Development and Investment Program (CADIP), funded by the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and co-funded by the Government of Papua New Guinea (GoPNG). The Executing Agency of the program is the National Airports Corporation (NAC). The project will extend the runway for additional 406 metres increasing it to 1900m and which will allow for F100 and related aircrafts. The existing access road running parallel to the airport will provide the main entrance for the project area for associated works to be undertaken. The project in New Ireland Province is expected to increase air transport and business opportunities in Kavieng including other provinces in PNG.

2. About 52.567 hectares (Ha) of customary-owned land shall be acquired for the proposed works. The area is basically covered with sparse areas of savannah forest, few coconut and cocoa and garden and fruit trees although 5houses (1 permanent, 3 semi-permanent, and 1 bush material houses) affecting 11 persons will have to be removed. The households will be relocated to an agreed and designated area that they themselves are also the customary owners. Land Investigation Reports (LIR) carried out by the Department of Lands and Physical Planning (DLPP) in 2009 and 2011counted a total of 511 affected persons (APs) who are the landowners of the land to be acquired. They belong to ten clans and registered Maiom village as their home village. However, only 11 of them are residing in the village particularly along the periphery of the proposed land to be acquired. Each of the customary land area and the total area owned by the clans are listed in Table 1 below.

TABLE 1: CLAND AND LAND DETAILS FOR LAND ACQUISTION

Customary Land Area Clan Name Portion Planted Unimproved Total (Ha) Improvement Land Land Value (PNGK Value Value (PNGK) (PNGK) Kalapok* 21.71 Makanuk No1/Tivinlua 1049C 33,010.50 1,796,800.00 1,829,810.50 Panamak* 7.540 Makanuk No2 1049C 1,070.00 678,600.00 679,670.00 Panavul* 6.480 Malip 1049C 30,265.10 583,200.00 613,465.10 Panagumi* 3.905 Tivingau/Panavul 1160C 3,654.00 365,400.00 369,054.00 Kulagavus* 2.990 Makanuk 1160C 4,547.00 300,700.00 305,247.00 Lovulit* 2.680 Makanuk/Matanasoi 1160C 4,229.00 270,100.00 274,329.00 Lisuak* 1.240 Tivingau/Livagai 1160C 18,111.00 160,000.00 178,111.00 Vuvut/Panaguis 1.860 Tivingau/Mar 1160C 12,310.00 160,000.00 172,310.00 Lokau* 0.970 Peni Family Group 1160C 3,531.50 160,000.00 163,531.50 Panatovo* 3.180 Tivingau/Panavego 1160C 5,621.00 310,400.00 316,021.00

Total 52.555 116,349.10 4,785,200.00 4,901,549.10

3. The ten clans speak the Tigak language which extends its boundary to parts of Djaul Island and covers the islands before New Hannover. New Ireland province has 23 languages1or dialects spread across the islands and mainland. With intermarriages, children can enjoy a set of languages, cultures and customs.

4. The 11 APs currently residing along the periphery of the proposed runway extension area have a few coconuts, cocoa and fruit trees such as pau (Barringtonia eduli) betel nut (Areca catechu), guava with garden patches and most of the land is covered by lowland rain forest. The handful of APs grows garden crops with fruit trees such as pawpaw, guava and mango. These provide subsistence to them although they do not use that for daily support. A number of the APs

1http://www-01.sil.org/pacific/png/show_lang.asp?list=NI&by=province. Accessed 30 1 16.

6 are employed with the New Ireland Provincial Administration and earn wages to support their families. 5. The acquisition of customary land is not expected to impact the livelihoods and income of APs. There are no APs that will lose more than 10% of their productive assets. Those APs that will lose small portions of their customary lands have other land available to them in close proximity of their customary land for food production purposes.

6. APs have been consulted during feasibility and preparation of the Land Investigation Survey in 2009 and 2011.The New Ireland Provincial Administration (NIPA) together with NAC has undertaken further consultation with affected communities in coordination with land administration authorities to provide input for this RP. The clan leaders of customary landowners have expressed their support to the project by willingness to allow the use of their land through outright purchase by the GoPNG. The eligibility and entitlements required for land acquisition is summarised in Table below.

TABLE 2: SUMMARY OF ELIGIBILITY OF AFFECTED PERSON UNDER THIS PROJECT

Type of Entitled Expected Implementation Entitlements Impact Person Results Issues Affected Land Permanent Customary Replacement land or cash Replacement use of land land: compensation at replacement land or cash (including Land owners as cost will be provided for compensation garden and recognized by affected land. for value of residential clan leaders affected land. land) Cash compensation at replacement cost will be paid Compensation for any damaged crops, fences for damaged or other structures on project- crops, trees, affected land (see below). fences or other structures. State-owned No compensation will be paid Compensation land: for use of the land. for damaged Users or Cash compensation at crops, trees, occupants replacement cost will be paid fences or other for any damaged crops, trees, structures. fences or other structures on project-affected land (see below).

Affected Assets Annual Owners of the Compensation for loss of or Compensation NAC will engage a crops crops damage to annual crops on for damage to or valuation specialist to project-affected land as loss of standing determine follows: crops to ensure compensation rates at a) APs given notice to harvest income replacement cost based crops before clearance or restoration. on market prices. removal from required land; OR, if APs are not able to All compensation rates harvest and amounts will be b) cash compensation at verified and approved replacement cost based on by the office of the market prices. Valuer General. Perennial Owners of Compensation for losses or Compensation

Type of Entitled Expected Implementation Entitlements Impact Person Results Issues crops and crops and trees damages as follows: for damage to or All compensation Trees a) APs given notice to harvest loss of perennial assessed prior to crops before clearance or crops and trees damage or removal removal from required land; to ensure shall be paid in full prior income to the beginning of civil b) cash compensation for lost restoration. works. plant or tree calculated at replacement cost based on If further damage or market prices loss occurs during civil works, CADIP PIU will c) in the case of perennial carry out crops and trees, the valuation supplementary will also take into account the assessments and take lost income for the period of steps to get approvals time until new plants or trees for and payment of produce a yield similar to the additional lost plants/trees; compensation to which APs are entitled as d) in the case of timber trees, rapidly as possible. APs will be permitted to harvest trees and sell the timber. Allowances Relocation Owners of A moving allowance to cover Restoration of of structures the costs of moving personal conditions. permanent possessions, paid in cash or in structures kind (e.g., provision of transport). Unforeseen Concerned These will be determined as or affected people per the principles of this RF unintended and ADB's safeguard policy. impacts

7. The final budget for RP in this project under tranche 3 is PGK7, 570,000.00 based on the DLPP land investigations and valuation of assets in consultation with affected landowners and expected adjustments to be able to apply the existing market prices when the compensation will be made. The summary of land acquisition and affected persons is in Table 3.

TABLE 3: SUMMARY OF LAND ACQUISITION AND NUMBER OF AFFECTED PERSONS

Total land to be acquired (Phase 1) Portion 1049C – 34.485 (ha) (Phase 2) Portion 1160C &1164 – 18.07 (ha)

No. of Affected 511 Persons (Male: 275) (Female: 236)

No. of Affected Persons and 11 persons households currently present (4 households)

No. of Persons having the 500persons land ownership rights but not currently occupying and using the land.

No of Persons 0 Requiring Income Restoration

8. NAC will allocate adequate resources to implement and monitor the RP. It will ensure that adequate funds are allocated and disbursed to pay compensation for affected land and assets. Civil works will not commence before the RP has been approved and land compensation paid in full. This RP will be updated to reflect the current market prices at the time of payment. Updating will also be required if there are changes in (i) scope of work which will entail land acquisition and resettlement, (ii)changes in the number of APs identified;(iii) changes in compensation rate and arrangements; (iv) and other unanticipated impacts.

9. NAC will submit semi-annual reports to ADB on the implementation of the RP. It will also submit a compensation completion report to ADB once payment for land and productive asset has been completed. This compensation report will be prepared to reflect (i) compensation payment agreement, (ii) transfer of deed or deed of release (iii) rezoning and survey plans (iv) amalgamation and the eventual new land title for the aerodrome with its legal description. This process will be done by the DLPP upon completion of the payment and acquisition process.

A. Project Description

10. The current state of the airports in Papua New Guinea (PNG) is inadequate to meet the increasing demand for air travel both for tourism and commercial purposes. This, in essence, presents itself as an obstacle to further economic growth and development of major regional centres in PNG and the country as a whole. The identified major domestic airports need to be upgraded and improved to meet the national and international standards and requirements and make it safety compliant as prescribed by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO).

11. In this Tranche 3 for Civil Aviation Development Investment Program (CADIP), the following existing airports are identified for upgrading &rehabilitation of the existing Kavieng Airport in the New Ireland Province; Mendi Airport in Southern Highlands Province; Madang Airport in Madang Province; Vanimo Airport in Sandaun Province; Mt Hagen in Western Highlands Province; Wewak Airport in East Sepik Province; Tari Airport in Hela Province; Gurney Airport in Milne Bay Province; Kerema Airport in Gulf Province; Kiunga Airport in the Western Province; Buka Airport in the Autonomous Region of Bougainville; and Momote Airport in the Manus Province;.

12. This Resettlement Plan (RP) is prepared for Kavieng Airport Runway Extension, Pavement Strengthening& Associated Works project. Only the scope of works for Kavieng Airport is in Table 1. Figure 1 shows an aerial view of the Kavieng Airport and the runway extension area while Figure 2 is the aerial view of the design and extension view.

13. Kavieng Airport Runway Extension, Pavement Strengthening& Associated Works projects one of the projects identified for upgrading & rehabilitation to meet national and international standards and requirements by ICAO. This project comes under Tranche 3 of CADIP to be implemented by National Airports Corporation (NAC).

14. Kavieng Airport Runway Extension, Pavement Strengthening & Associated Works project will result in the extension of the existing runway by 406 metres as well as strengthening of the runway, taxiway and apron pavements and associated works. Table 1 provides the scope of the activities.

FIGURE 1: KAVIENG AIRPORT AND THE PROPOSED RUNWAY EXTENSION

Omo customary land area

toNamatanai Buluminksi Highway

Administration & CBD

Main Runway / Taxiway & Apron

Town Housing area Terminal Facilities area Proposed Runway Extension Area

Secondary savannah grassland

FIGURE 2: LAYOUT OF THE KAVIENG AIRPORT RUNWAY EXTENSION

TABLE 4: SCOPE OF WORK FOR KAVIENG AIRPORT A ProjectD Location KaviengB Airport New Ireland Province Proposed Development Works

A. Aircraft Pavements and Associated Airside Works 1. Repairs to existing aircraft pavement (Rwy,Twy & Apron); 2. Strengthen existing aircraft pavements (Rwy, Twy & Apron); 3. Extend Runway by 406m to the SW end to give 1900m overall length including new turning nodes; 4. Construct stop ways at both existing end and extended end of runway; 5. Construct RESA at both existing end and extended end of Runway; 6. Expand Apron to cater for 2Nos. F100 and 1No. Dash 8 aircraft; 7. Construct 3.0m wide full strength shoulders to Runway on each side; 8. Construct 5.0m wide full strength shoulders to Taxiway on each side; 9. Construct 5.0m wide full strength shoulders to Apron; 10. Construct temporary access taxiway. (for use by aircraft during applicable construction stages) 11. Earthworks to flank areas adjacent to the runway, taxiway and apron shoulders. 12. Runway Strip widening to 150m wide including earthworks, grading, and top soil and grassing; 13. Aircraft Pavement Line Markings; 14. Construct reinforced concrete wheel pads for 2 x F100 aircraft parking bays; 15. Supply and apply 2-coat aircraft fuel resistant membrane (MasterSeal II TM) on 2 x F100 and 1 x Dash 8 aircraft parking positions; 16. Construct Open Unlined Drains (OUD) either side of widened runway strip; 17. Install subsoil drains on full length of runway on both sides; 18. Construct 60m long RC box culvert beneath taxiway; 19. Construct 24m long RC box culvert beneath temporary taxiway; 20. Construct 6m long 600mm dia pipe drain west of taxiway; and 21. Construct 2Nos. 7320m long twin 1200 dia. Culverts beneath new fence installation at NW end;

Land Acquisition Resettlement Plan (LA/RP) Divune Hydro Project – Northern (Oro) Province- PNG March 2014 Page12

15. The project follows appropriate engineering design and the land acquisition is essential to the runway extension and resettlement impacts are contained within this plan. The project will use the existing access road running parallel to the airport to get to the south eastern end where the runway will be extended.

16. The Kavieng Airport Runway Extension, Pavement Strengthening& Associated Works project investment cost (excluding land acquisition costs) is estimated at US$20.9 million (PGK58 million) and involves acquisition of 52.567 hectares of land for the additional 406 metre length of the runway to give 1,900m optimum runway length for Fokker 100 aircrafts operations or similar. Construction of a new terminal building will be part of the associated works.

B. Scope of Land Acquisition and Resettlement

17. The GoPNG will acquire the 52.67Ha of land for aerodrome purpose which is mostly secondary regrowth forest together with patches of garden and fruit trees such as mangoes, pau, and pawpaw. There are sparse coconut and cocoa trees. The 10 clans who owned the land have consented in allowing the GoPNG to acquire the land through a Certificate of Alienation that is issued through the Department of Provincial and Local Level Government (DPLLG). Nearly 500 out of the 511 affected persons reside outside of Maiom village and the listing in the LIR indicates that most are living in other parts of PNG for work through marriage or other personal reasons. The landowners over the years have not constructed structures along the approach into and out of the flight path of the airport to ensure safety. Table 6 provides the breakdown of structures and land that needs to be acquired and the number of APs for each of the sub-project components. The bulk of compensation will be for the unimproved land. . 18. The lands to be acquired will accommodate for the extension of the runway to bring the total runway length to 1,900m to allow Fokker 100 aircrafts or similar to operate at maximum take-off weight. This would mean more passenger travels and aircrafts movements that will be a catalyst for tourism and spin off businesses

19. All affected assets and land for acquisition have been valued and will be compensated based on existing market prices when payment will be done. Table 2 listed the ten clans that have signed on with the New Ireland Provincial Administration (NIPA) and Department of Lands and Physical Planning (DLPP) Land Investigation Survey and Report. The LIRs attached separately details the land improved and unimproved value.

TABLE 6: LAND ACQUISTION AND NO OF APS IN SUB-PROJECT COMPONENT

Customary Area Clan Name No of Contents Remarks Land (Ha) clan members (AP) Kalapok 21.71 Makanuk M F Coconut and cocoa trees, fruit Refer annex IV for No1 37 40 trees, gardens & 2 graves listing of affected crops and structures Panamak 7.540 Makanuk 25 29 Fruit trees (mango and bamboo Refer annex V for No2 clumps listing of affected crops and structures Panavul 6.480 Malip 45 34 Fruit trees and coconut palms Refer annex VI for listing of affected crops and structures Panagumi 3.905 Tivingau/Pa 54 36 Garden and fruit trees and Refer annex VII for navul some cocoa listing of affected crops and structures Kulagavus 2.990 Makanuk 5 3 Garden and fruit trees Refer annex VIII for listing of affected crops and structures

Lovulit 2.680 Makanuk/M 13 19 Garden food predominantly Refer annex IX for atanasoi listing of affected crops and structures Lisuak 1.240 Tivingau/Liv 27 25 Fruit trees plus three balsa Refer annex X for agai trees listing of affected crops and structures Vuvut/Panagui 1.860 Tivingau/Ma 14 17 Few coconut and predominantly Refer annex XI for s r garden and fruit trees listing of affected crops and structures Lokau 0.970 Peni Family 44 27 Predominantly garden, few Refer annex XII for Group coconut and fruit trees listing of affected crops and structures Panatovo 3.180 Tivingau/Pa 11 6 Few coconut, fruit and garden Refer annex XIII for navego crops i.e. kaukau, guava & 12 listing of affected graves crops and structures Total 52.555 27 23 5 6 . Fruit trees can include pawpaw, citrus, mango, brush cherry (laulau) taun (Pometia pinnata), pau (Barringtonia edulis, betel nut (Areca catechu), guava. . Garden include peanut and sweet potato (kaukau), cassava and breadfruit (Moraceae spp) . Timber trees include rosewood ( Dalbergia latifolia), also taun,balsa (Ochroma pyramidale)

20. The project will only displace 5 households of a total of 11 persons. Their household includes 1 permanent house, 3 semi-permanent structures and 1 bush material (Table 5). Their houses will be shifted to other portions of land owned by the clan.

TABLE 5: AFFECTED STRUCTURES

Structure Value 1 permanent house K2000 semi-permanent houses (3) K3000 1 bush material house K300 .

21. The sparse gardens that are within the sub project area belong to a handful of clan members. They use this garden in addition to other garden areas that are available in the vicinity of Maiom village. They do not depend totally on these gardens and have additional means of support through “wantok system” where families are obliged to support their kinsfolks in their clans while the working relatives outside of New Ireland remit funds back to them. Discussions with the remaining families on the periphery of the sub project indicate that they have sufficient land available for them in nearby locations to continue their food gardens even after loss of their part of gardens due to land acquisition.

22. Two clans have 14 graves in the community away from the main runway extension work area close to the fence line but this will not be removed. However, if the communities request to transfer the graves then an agreement will be reached on the processes and assistance required.

23. There are no common property resources to be affected by the project. If there are unanticipated impacts to be identified during implementation, then RP will be updated based on the social impact assessment or a corrective action plan will be prepared and implemented as per ADBs SPS 2009 if there will be non-compliance.

C. Socioeconomic Information and Profiles

a. Demographic Features of Affected Peoples

24. A socio-economic assessment for the 11 APs currently residing along the fringe of the proposed acquisition area shows that they are all capable of generating income for their families and household. Although they live a more subsistence lifestyle, they cultivate land, raise poultry, and do informal marketing like selling of betel nut and cigarettes and garden produce at the nearby market.

TABLE 7: STATUS OF HOUSEHOLD HEADS

APs currently living at the land area Tobe acquired Total Single Married Widow/er divorce Handicap Male 2 2 1 0 0 5 Felame 4 2 0 0 0 6 Total 6 4 1 11

25. Household income for the 11 APs at the proposed acquisition area is summarized in the table below.

TABLE 8: ESTIMATED INCOME OF AFFECTED PERSONS

Source of income Estimate (PNGK) per year Informal marketing 3000.00 Other Family member financial support or 500.00 contribution Livestock (Poultry/Pig raising) 1000.00 Sales of fresh garden produce 1500.00 Total 6000.00

26. Total APs income is estimated to be PNGK6000.00 (US$2000.00) per year. To measure against poverty level on a daily basis would estimate to daily income ofPNGK16.45 (US$ 5.4) which is marginally above the poverty line of US$ 1 (K3.00) per day.

27. The LIRs conducted in 2009 and 2011 and recent field visit by the NAC indicated that up to 500 of the 511 affected persons are absent from Maiom. They do have claims to their clan lands but are residing in other towns in Papua New Guinea and do not have access to their portions of land (i.e. Portion 1049C, 1160C and 1164C). It may seem to a loss to them however the clan leaders will ensure that they do receive some assistance from their clan compensation payments.

b. Socio-economic Profile of Kavieng Population

28. The estimated rural population of Kavieng Urban is56 000 (2000 census). The highest population densities are on the East Islands and Tingwon Island with 162persons/km2. The coastal plains of Lavongai Island have moderate densities of 47 persons/km2, while New Ireland and Dyaul Island have 30 persons/km2. The Saint Matthias Islands support 16 persons/km2, while the interior of Lavongai Island has 4 persons/km2. The Kaut hills and coastal plains, southeast of Kavieng, have significant in-migration.

29. The population of the Tigak and East Coast Kara Nalik census divisions increased by an average of eight per cent per year between 1980 and 1990. These are fast growing populations. Certainly the sub project area with Maiom village close by would have an increasing population rate although most of the clan members in this sub project are in other provinces as stated in the LIR.

c. Access to services

30. People on New Ireland, in the coastal areas of Lavongai Island, and on Tingwon and Dyaul islands require less than four hours travel to reach Kavieng, while people in the Saint

Matthias Islands and those in the interior of Lavongai Island require 4–8 hours’ travel. There are good roads in the coastal areas of New Ireland and minor roads on Lavongai, Dyaul and Mussau islands. Outboard motor boat and canoe travel are used along the coast and between the islands. Maiom village is less than a kilometre from Kavieng town and the villagers have easy access to health and education and business services within Kavieng Township.

d. Income

31. Incomes are high on New Ireland, in the coastal areas of Lavongai Island, and on Tingwon and Dyaul islands, and are derived from the sale of copra, cocoa, oil palm, betel nut, fish and fresh food. People in the inland areas of Lavongai Island and in the Saint Matthias Islands earn moderate incomes from sales of betel nut, fresh food, tobacco, copra and fish. Many sources of non-agricultural income exist in the northeast of New Ireland. Within Maiom villages the majority of the clans’ members are listed on the LIR as absent and living in other provinces of Papua New Guinea. There is definitely remittance of monies back to New Ireland by relatives since the local customs are strong and clan members always help each other out.

e. Subsistence agriculture and nutrition

32. Agriculture on the coastal plains of New Ireland and in the Saint Matthias Islands is characterised by low intensity sweet potato and taro cultivation. Sago is the most important food on the coast of Lavongai and Dyaul islands and at Balgai Bay and is supplemented by low intensity mixed staple or sweet potato cultivation. People in the interior of Lavongai Island cultivate low intensity mixed staple gardens. Coconut is an important food in all coastal areas. In the 1982–83 National Nutrition Survey, malnutrition in children under five years was assessed as poor; 36 per cent of children were stunted and three per cent were seriously underweight. From the LIR, only patches of gardens exist within the portions of land that is proposed to be acquired and developed. Notable garden items are peanut, sweet potato and yam although the clan members do have other lands that are used for gardening.

f. Land potential

33. Land potential is very high in the Tingwon Islands with no limitations. The Kaut hills have high potential limited by frequent cloud cover. The northern hills of Lavongai Island have moderate potential with frequent cloud cover, while the east coast plains of New Ireland, Dyaul and Emirau islands and the East Islands and have moderate potential with poor soils. Mussau Island has low potential constrained by high rainfall and frequent cloud cover, while the mountains of New Ireland and Lavongai Island have low potential due to steep slopes, poor soils and frequent cloud cover Currently the land that will be acquired is of high potential because it happens to be in the flight path and hence is essential for the runway extension.

g. Agricultural pressure and potential

34. There is some marginal agricultural pressure near Kaut and in the East Islands. This will be of more concern in the future if agriculture continues to intensify without the adoption of suitable land management practices. There is potential for agricultural development in the Kaut hills given the high land potential and close proximity to Kavieng. Copra, cocoa and fresh food are established smallholder cash-earning activities in the area.

h. Disadvantaged people

35. The most disadvantaged people in the district are the large numbers on Mussau Island, Lavongai Island and on the west coast of New Ireland who live in low potential environments. People in the East Islands and on Tingwon Island are also at a disadvantage

16 due to very high population densities, which lead to land shortages. As a result, people become vulnerable to food and water shortages during periods of drought. Overall, people in Kavieng District are slightly disadvantaged relative to people in other districts of PNG.

36. There is no agricultural pressure, land potential is moderate, access to services is good and cash incomes are high. In Maiom village, it is fair to say that the land that will be given up by the clans would not disadvantage them to much because they also have access to other land belonging to them situated away from the proposed acquisition area that they are currently using to support their household income. One possibility would be for them to be relocated back to their other land to continue with their subsistence living. The project will look into supplying support services like water supply tanks, bore water reticulation, road access improvement for the APs in their other land they will be relocated to.

i. Project’s Impacts on Poor, Different Ethnic Groups, and other Vulnerable Groups

37. The clans will lose their land as they are acquired but only two families with a total of eleven individuals from two households are now living in the project area and will be relocated to a designated area marked out by the New Ireland Provincial Administration in consultation with the clan members.

38. Most Affected People view the loss of land as manageable due to availability of other pieces of lands that would allow for starting new gardens for food or income. The financial income from the sale of the land would create useful opportunities to re-establish the clans again and maybe venture into spin off benefits arising from the airport development. There are no vulnerable groups identified.

39. There is no expected negative impact on the social structure of the AP and the beneficiary communities since land acquisition will not have significant displacement. There is no expected adverse impact on cultural identities or heritage of the affected people resulting from land acquisition.

j. Gender and Resettlement Impact

40. Land to be acquired will impact upon women who rely on their gardens for food production but the impacts are not great as they will move to other land for gardening that would be in the vicinity of Maiom village. The land compensation received will be shared equally among the women so that they benefit equally as their male members. The mechanism below shall ensure equal sharing of compensation among APs (both men and women):

 Consultation and decision should include 30% women from the total APs  Verify women representative in the respective clan groups  Confirm women’s status, responsivities, eligibility for entitlements in their respective clans. This can be identified with assistance from the clan leaders.  Decision making should also include women’s voice  Make sure eligible women for compensation payment agrees to the form of compensation payment either in cash or cheque or bank transfer.  Compensation payment received will enable sustainability of the women and household income

41. A separate Gender Action Plan provides detailed measures on gender activities that will benefit both men and women in clan groups although work on airport development will be only for a period of 18 months and opportunities may be limited because of the nature of the scope of work.

D. Informal Disclosure, Consultation and Participation

a. Project Stakeholders

42. The primary stakeholders of the airport runway extension project are the ten clans from Maiom village whose land would be acquired by the sub-project to allow for the Kavieng airport runway extension. The National Airport Corporation will be the new owners of the acquired land for runway extension. Other stakeholders are the Provincial and National governments and the surrounding communities in the project area.

b. Consultation and Participation Mechanisms

43. The consultation and disclosure activities undertaken for the preparation of RP of the project started early. Since 2009 up to 2011, the GoPNG set out plans to acquire the airport land as they saw this as an opportunity to increase adventure tourism and related businesses opportunities in New Ireland province. Hence consultation with the landowners began then where Land Investigations were conducted by the New Ireland Provincial Administration (NIPA) in unison with the Department of Lands and Physical Planning where LIRs were produced for the twelve clans.

44. At the project level, the mechanism for consultations through the office of the Provincial Administrator of the province. The NIPA is the central point of consultation, liaise with APs on behalf of the State and NAC in terms of awareness and LIR because they have the resources, local knowledge, experience in dealing with developmental affairs related to customary land acquisition. A follow up consultations were held among NAC, NIPA and the 5 households (11 affected persons) who were leaving at the fringes of the project site. An example of a notification letter for a consultation in October 2015 is attached as Annex 2. The consultation was conducted by the NAC officer supported by the ADB Safeguard Specialist (consultant). The APs agreed for their land to be out rightly purchased for Kavieng airport upgrading and rehabilitation.

45. Among the issues raised by the affected persons include: (i) full payment of compensation prior to relocation; (ii) the need for water supply; and (iii) access to employment during construction. These were taken into account in the project. Table 4 provides the summary of the consultation done with provincial government.

c. Activities Undertaken to Disseminate Project and Resettlement Plan

45. This RP will be made available to affected persons and key government stakeholders prior to finalization and submission to ADB for approval and posting on the website. Consultation will be maintained with the affected persons and relevant parties during the implementation of the RP to assess their satisfaction and get their feedback on any relevant issues related to social aspects of the project. This RP will be updated to reflect the adjustments on the 2013 Valuation General’s Schedule based on the inflation rate at the time of payment. Any updates to the RP will be disclosed to affected persons including all the key stakeholders and submit to ADB for clearance and disclosure on their website.

46. The full RP that will be made available in English, the official language in PNG, in accessible public locations. Each clan member representative will be provided with a summary brochure in Tok Pisin once the ADB approves the RP. The approved RP will be uploaded to the NAC website (www.nac.com.pg) and will also be uploaded to the ADB website (www.adb.org).

TABLE 2: CONSULTATION POINTS FROM NAC- NIPA MEETING

Date Thursday 22/10/2015 Venue New Ireland Provincial Administrator’s Office – Kavieng Attendance 1. David Lens d/District Administrator - Kavieng District, NIPA 2. Moses Maki - a/PA, NIPA

3. Bill Peruam - a/CEO, NIPA 4. Jordan Bulo Environment Coordinator, NIPA 5. Evelyn Muap - Coordinator, PCMC & National Functions, NIPA 6. John Duguman - Safeguard Consultant, ADB 7. Barksy Panka Safeguard Officer, CADIP, NAC Points from the Discussions notes have not been recorded on the file however meeting points discussion are listed below. These reflect up to the current status of discussions between the National Airport Corporation and New Ireland Provincial Administration.

. Discussion between NAC and New Ireland Provincial Administration (NIPA) began in 2009 when CADIP commenced and this has continued up to 2015 when another consultation meeting was conducted. . The Land Investigation Survey and Report for Portion 1049C, 1160C and 1164C concluded in 2009 then 2011 that there are eleven portions of land within the three named Portions. These land portions are owned by twelve clans and family groups and there is no dispute on all portions of land. . Since 2009 up to 2015, the problem was in getting the Government of Papua New Guinea to compulsory acquire the total of 52.555 ha for the airport runway extension. Funding for the portion of land total over PGK 4.9 million. . NIPA has also had a change in Provincial Administrators since 2009 and the current person has been acting in that capacity for only six months. The turnover of staff does not allow for project continuity. . Letter of support have been sighted from the local Member of Parliament and is attached as Annex III. Often discussions are to brief the NIPA on the progress of CADIP and the preparation of documents that are part of the Periodic Financial Review (PFR) as requested by Asian Development Bank.

E. Grievance Redress Mechanism

47. NAC has established a grievance redress mechanism to receive and address project related concerns and to resolve land related disputes that may arise during project implementation, as shown in Figure 3. Affected People will be informed by NAC on how they can have access to the grievance redress mechanism. Other than disputes relating to land ownership rights under the court of law, most grievances related to resettlement benefits, relocation, and other assistance are expected to be resolved at the PMU level.

48. Affected People can first lodge a project-related complaint with the ward councillor and resolve at the village level. If it cannot be resolved, then it goes to PMU office at the project site. The PMU project manager will consider the complaint and within one week will convey a decision to the APs. The PIU safeguard Officer as well as local government officials will assist the project manager in reviewing and addressing the complaint. The safeguard team will also facilitate communication between APs and the PMU in this process. If the APs are not satisfied with the PMU’s decision, they may then take the grievance to the CEO of NAC. The CEO has two weeks to consider the complaint and following this (s) he will either instruct the PMU to rectify the situation or dismiss the complaint. Should APs be not satisfied with the decision of the CEO; they may take the grievance to the PNG judicial system.

49. The Land Disputes Settlement Act (2000) establishes legal procedures for resolution of landownership disputes on customary land. It has a mediation process whereby a designated 14 mediator meets with the disputing parties to resolve grievances. This process is closely allied with the village court system and traditional mediation procedures that draw on the skills of recognized local leaders and elders. The landowner clans or ILGs, if clans

19 are incorporated, are responsible for dealing with disputes between group members or between the clan group and a member, including disputes over entitlement to group membership. External mediators will facilitate resolution in case disputes are between different clans or ILGs.

50. An initial step will be for the PMU in coordination with DLO to facilitate procedures to resolve land disputes based on a process of mediation. As required, the participation of appointed and traditional leaders will be encouraged to achieve satisfactory resolution of issues at the local level. If that fails, procedures as set out in the Land Disputes Settlement Act (2000) will be followed.

51. The Act promotes a process for resolution of land disputes through (i) mediation, followed by (ii) appeal to the designated courts. The mediation process is based on the principles of traditional dispute settlement. The steps in the dispute resolution process include:

(i) Local Land Mediation: The District Land Officer (DLO) brings together the disputing parties with the mediator. If this fails, the matter can be referred to the Local Land Court. (ii) Local Land Court: The case is heard before the Local Court Magistrate for determination. If the litigants are not successful, they may appeal to a higher court. (iii) District Land Court: The case is heard before a District Land Court Magistrate. If the litigants are not successful, they may appear to a higher court. (iv) Provincial Land Court: The case is heard before the Provincial Land Court whosedecision is final.

52. In the event of grievances that cannot be resolved through mediation, the DPE/NAC and DLO will hold the compensation amounts in escrow. Compensation will be paid in full upon final resolution of the case in the courts or other forum, in accordance with the entitlements of the affected person.

FIGURE 3: GREIVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM

F. Legal Framework

a. National and Local Laws and ADB Policy Requirements

53. The policy framework and resettlement entitlements are based on the laws and regulations of the GoPNG and the ADB’s Safeguard policy. The principal PNG laws include: (i) the 1996 Land Act; and, (ii) the 2000 Land Disputes Settlement Act. Relevant ADB policies include the 2009 Safeguard Policy Statement and Gender and Development Policy and Public Communication Policy 2011.

54. GoPNG does not have any specific policies at the national, provincial or local level for relocating and resettling people. GoPNG has policies related to the acquisition of land and assets by the State for public purposes on an agreement basis or compulsory acquisition basis. This together with customary lands and related legal procedures, compensation payable, and the legally defined procedures for receiving and facilitating the resolution of affected persons’ concerns and grievances are all incorporated in the Land Act of 1996.

55. The Act covers customary land rights, which includes land owned, used or occupied by a person or community in accordance with current customary usage. Access to land and resources is embedded in social relationships and expressed as customary land rights to utilize resources. Small clan-based groups live in the villages, managing their own resources, and exercising the right to utilize them. These groups (clans which are composed of sub-clans, lineage groups, and at the lowest level extended households) are typically made up of “primary right holders”; these persons are using known as the leaders of the group who collectively have the authority to allocate use rights through their spokesperson. The other members of these groups or clans typically possess “secondary rights” because their rights to the land may have been inherited from a primary rights holder through marriage, that is they are either married to a primary right holder or as a child or an adopted child of the primary rights holder . 56. ADB 2009 SPS principles and PNG legal provisions on land acquisition relevant to a project of this nature are summarized and compared in Table 5 below. The table also includes gap filling measures to ensure compliance with SPS for the project.

TABLE 3: COMPARISON OF ADB SPS AND PNG LAWS ON RP MEASURES

ADB SPS Principles on Land Measures to Compliance with ADB SPS Acquisition/Resettlement

 Screen the Project early on to identify  NAC has devoted considerable resources, past, present, and future involuntary including the mobilization of its Safeguard resettlement impacts and risks. Officer who regularly travels out to Kavieng for consultation.

Carry out meaningful consultations with affected persons, host communities, and  This RP addresses this policy principle. As concerned non-governmental per the RP several rounds of consultations organizations. Inform all displaced have been facilitated with APs. Their ideas on persons of their entitlements and Project design, especially to minimize the loss resettlement options. Ensure their of productive assets have been taken into participation in planning, implementation, serious consideration by NAC apart from the and monitoring and evaluation of 500 APs having the landownership rights, 11 resettlement programs. Pay particular of the APs and their 5 households (1 attention to the needs of vulnerable permanent, 3 semi-permanent, and 1 bush groups, especially those below the material houses) are currently residing on the poverty line, the landless, elderly, land area to be acquired. Their structures and women and children, and Indigenous planted improvements will be compensated. Peoples, and those without legal title to All APs are indigenous. A grievance redress land, and ensure their participation in mechanism has been prepared by NAC and consultations. Establish a grievance incorporated in this RP to ensure APs can redress mechanism to receive and seek effective redress. facilitate resolution of the affected persons’ concerns.

 Improve or at least restore, the  The main issue here related to the prompt livelihoods of all displaced persons payment of compensation costs as per the through (i) land-based resettlement LIR and NAC has worked very closely with strategies when affected livelihoods are APs and NIPA to ensure the process has land-based where possible or cash been transparent and fair to all APs. compensation at replacement value for land when the loss of land does not undermine livelihoods; (ii) prompt replacement of assets with access to assets of equal or higher value; (iii) prompt compensation at full replacement cost for assets that cannot be restored; and, (iv) additional revenues and services through benefit sharing schemes where possible.

 Provide physically and displaced  Only two households with 11persons will be persons with needed assistance, relocated to a designated site. They are including the following: (i) secure land entitled to payment of their structures at full use tenure on land identified for new replacement cost and other assistance such garden sites and (ii) if necessary as relocation and transport allowance. transitional support and development assistance such as land development, credit facilities, training, or employment opportunities.

 Improve the standards of living of the

displaced poor and other vulnerable  There are no vulnerable persons identified. groups, including women, to at least national minimum standards and provide access to land and other resources that is both legal and affordable.

 Develop procedures in a transparent, There are no negotiated settlements just consistent, and equitable manner if land consultations with affected persons. acquisition is through negotiated settlement to ensure that those people who enter into negotiated settlements will maintain the same or better income and livelihood status.

 Ensure that displaced persons without This is not an issue for this Project. APs in the titles to land or any recognizable legal land to be acquired have the customary rights to land are eligible for resettlement ownership rights to this land. GoPNG through assistance and compensation of loss of NAC will compensate them for the unimproved non-land assets. value of the land including loss of trees, vegetation and crops of economic value and household structures.

 Prepare a draft resettlement plan and disclose a resettlement plan elaborating  This has been complied with by NAC as per on displaced persons’ entitlements, the this RP. income and livelihood restoration strategy, institutional arrangements, monitoring and reporting framework, budget, and time-bound implementation schedule. This has been complied with as per this Draft RP.

 Pay compensation and provide other resettlement entitlements before physical or economic displacement and  This will be complied with by NAC as per this implement the resettlement plan under RP close supervision throughout project implementation.

 Monitor and assess resettlement

outcomes, their impacts on the  Relevant outcomes as per the RP will be standards of living of displaced persons, monitored by NAC and APs have the right to and whether the objectives of the mobilize independent monitors to be paid by resettlement plan have been achieved NAC if there are major disputes vis-à-vis land by taking into account the baseline acquisition process outcomes. conditions and the results of resettlement monitoring and disclose these monitoring results.

57 . The ADB’s 2009 SPS also states that where there are indigenous peoples their identity, dignity, human rights, livelihood systems, and cultural uniqueness must be safeguarded so they can receive culturally appropriate social and economic benefits. In the project area, there are no distinct groups identified as all APs whether they are customary land owners or settlers are indigenous citizens of PNG even though the settlers have originated from other regions of PNG.

58. The other policy of relevance to this Project is the ADB’s 2003 Policy on Gender and Development, which requires that all ADB financed projects ensure where possible and practicable special design features and strategies to be built into projects to facilitate and encourage women’s involvement and ensure tangible benefits for women.

59. There are some gaps between GoPNG policies and procedures and those of the ADB. The main gaps relate to (i) carrying out meaningful consultations that also ensure people living below the poverty line, the landless, elderly, women and children are consulted; (ii) requirement to improve or at least restore livelihoods of all displaced persons by ensuring the full replacement costs for assets lost is paid; (iii) provision of economically displaced persons with necessary assistance to improve upon or restore their existing livelihoods at least to national minimum standards of living; (iv) ensuring that displaced persons without recognizable rights to land are eligible for compensation for loss of non-land assets; and, (v) monitoring and assessment of resettlement outcomes.

TABLE 4: COMPARISON OF GOPNG LAW AND ADB POLICY AND GAP-FILLING MEASURES

Equivalence Gap-filling Measures ADB SPS Requirements or Gaps PNG Laws on on Involuntary between ADB RP Resettlement SPS and PNG Laws Avoid involuntary The National Constitution No explicit The RP includes measures resettlement wherever (NC) National Goal 5(4) reference to the on avoiding/minimizing land possible. Minimize calls for ‘traditional villages need for acquisition. involuntary resettlement by and communities to avoidance or exploring project and remain as viable units of minimizing design alternatives. Papua New Guinean resettlement society’. Section 53 impacts. protects citizens from ‘unjust deprivation of property’ by limiting the justification for compulsory acquisition by the State. Enhance, or at least General principles of PNG Laws do The RP include measures on restore, the livelihoods of all compensation for damage not prescribe compensation at replacement displaced persons in real or destruction of physical measures of cost for affected assets and terms relative to pre-project and economic assets are replacement to restore/improve living levels. Improve the set out in NC s.53, Land cost or standard of APs. standards of living of the Act (LA) s.23. restore/improve displaced poor and other standard of vulnerable groups. living. Screen the project early on RP sets out the process No specific The RP includes measures to identify past, present, for Land Investigation requirements on survey/census, cut-off- and future involuntary Report which includes for census, cut- date, assessment of impacts resettlement impacts and identification of affected off date, impact and resettlement planning. risks. Determine the scope clans/tribes and their assessment of resettlement planning assets. and through a survey and/or resettlement census of displaced planning. persons, including a gender analysis, specifically related to resettlement impacts and risks. Carry out meaningful NC National Goal 2(9) No specific The RP includes measures consultations with APs, calls for every citizen to be provisions on consultations with APs, host communities, and able to participate, either for preparing including vulnerable groups, concerned NGOs. Inform all directly or through a and during preparation and displaced persons of their representative, in the implementing implementation of RP. entitlements and consideration of any RP based on Document includes specific resettlement options. matter affecting his meaningful consultation, information and Ensure their participation in interests or the interests of consultations participation measures. planning, implementation, his community. with APs, and monitoring and including the evaluation of resettlement poor, the programmes. Pay particular landless, attention to the needs of elderly, women, vulnerable groups, and other especially those below the vulnerable poverty line, the landless, groups the elderly, women and children, and Indigenous Peoples, and those without legal title to land, and ensure their participation in consultations. Establish a grievance Land Disputes Settlement No The RP includes measures redress mechanism to Act provides for measures requirements on project-specific grievance receive and facilitate on resolution of disputes for a project- redress mechanism. resolution of the affected and grievances through specific

Equivalence Gap-filling Measures ADB SPS Requirements or Gaps PNG Laws on on Involuntary between ADB RP Resettlement SPS and PNG Laws persons’ concerns. Support both local mediation as grievance the social and cultural well as court process. redress institutions of displaced mechanism. persons and their host The Program is not expected population. Where No specific to involve highly complex and involuntary resettlement requirement for sensitive projects, so it is not impacts and risks are highly a social needed to have a separate complex and sensitive, preparation phase. compensation and phase for resettlement decisions highly complex should be preceded by a and sensitive social preparation phase. projects. Improve, or at least restore, Principles of compensation No specific The RP includes measures of the livelihoods of all set out in NC s.53, LA requirement for on-site displaced persons through s.23. land-based relocation/replacement of (i) land-based resettlement resettlement, affected structures, strategies when affected replacement of compensation at replacement livelihoods are land based assets, and cost for affected assets on where possible or cash compensation additional land and priority of compensation at at replacement project employment to APs. replacement value for land cost, and when the loss of land does benefit sharing. not undermine livelihoods, (ii) prompt replacement of assets with access to assets of equal or higher value, (iii) prompt compensation at full replacement cost for assets that cannot be restored, and (iv) additional revenues and services through benefit sharing schemes where possible. Provide physically and PNG allow people eligible PNG laws have The RP includes measures economically displaced for compensation to no specific on-site relocation of affected persons with needed receive their entitlements provisions on structures to the adjoining assistance, including the in cash. relocation, land following: (i) if there is transitional relocation, secured tenure support and to relocation land, better civil housing at resettlement infrastructure sites with comparable and services. access to employment and production opportunities, integration of resettled persons economically and socially into their host communities, and extension of project benefits to host communities; (ii) transitional support and development assistance, such as land development, credit facilities, training, or employment opportunities; and (iii) civic infrastructure and community services, as required.

Equivalence Gap-filling Measures ADB SPS Requirements or Gaps PNG Laws on on Involuntary between ADB RP Resettlement SPS and PNG Laws Improve the standards of NC and LA include general PNG Laws do No specific measures are living of the displaced poor principles of compensation not prescribe required for this Project as and other vulnerable for damages or losses. measures on the impacts on APs groups, including women, improvement of livelihoods are very minimal. to at least national living standard minimum standards. In rural and restoration areas provide them with of livelihoods. legal and affordable access to land and resources, and in urban areas provide them with appropriate income sources and legal and affordable access to adequate housing. Develop procedures in a NC National Goal 2(9) PNG Laws do The RP describes procedures transparent, consistent, and calls for ‘every citizen to not specifically for the negotiation on use of equitable manner if land be able to participate, require third- additional land with acquisition is through either directly or through a party landowner groups through negotiated settlement to representative, in the verification of memoranda of agreements ensure that those people consideration of any negotiated (MOAs) to be verified by a who enter into negotiated matter affecting his agreement. third-party. The MOA’s will settlements will maintain interests or the interests of be signed with respective the same or better income his community’. landowner groups. and livelihood status. LA sets out procedures for outright purchase or lease.

The Land Group Incorporation Act and Voluntary Customary Land Registration Act enable incorporation of land groups and to register titles to customary land. These laws allow negotiated lease or transfer of such land.

The Fairness of Transaction Act sets out rules on fairness of transactions. Ensure that displaced LA s.13-15 provides some PNG Laws do The entitlement matrix for the persons without titles to entitlement to not provide project provides for land or any recognizable compensation to any entitlement to resettlement assistance and legal rights to land are people with ‘an interest’ in non-titleholders compensation for non-land eligible for resettlement land over which the State who do not assets to non-titled APs assistance and exercises its power of have legal without legal interest. compensation for loss of no compulsory acquisition. interest on land assets land. Prepare a resettlement plan NC National Goal 2(3) PNG Laws The RP has been prepared in elaborating on displaced calls for ‘every effort to be have no accordance with ADB SPS persons’ entitlements, the made to achieve an provision of requirements but there is no income and livelihood equitable distribution of preparing RP. physical displacement nor restoration strategy, incomes and other severely impacted APs and institutional arrangements, benefits of development hence physical resettlement monitoring and reporting among individuals and and income and livelihood framework, budget, and throughout the various restoration are not relevant time-bound implementation parts of the country’. schedule.

Equivalence Gap-filling Measures ADB SPS Requirements or Gaps PNG Laws on on Involuntary between ADB RP Resettlement SPS and PNG Laws Disclose a draft NC National Goal 2(9) No specific The RP includes disclosure resettlement plan, including calls for ‘every citizen to requirements measures, including posting documentation of the be able to participate, on disclosures. on NAC and ADB websites consultation process in a either directly or through a and clan leaders/APs have timely manner, before representative, in the been provided with the project appraisal, in an consideration of any summary RP and information accessible place and a form matter affecting his brochures also in their local and language(s) interests or the interests of language. . understandable to affected his community’. persons and other stakeholders. Disclose the final resettlement plan and its updates to affected persons and other stakeholders. Conceive and execute No equivalent provision Gap. Land acquisition costs will be involuntary resettlement as included and financed out of part of a development the project cost. project or programme. Include the full costs of resettlement in the presentation of project’s costs and benefits. For a project with significant involuntary resettlement impacts, consider implementing the involuntary resettlement component of the project as a stand-alone operation. Pay compensation and No equivalent provision Gap. The RP includes measures provide other resettlement on payment of compensation entitlements before physical for affected assets before or economic displacement. start of civil works on affected Implement the resettlement land. It also includes an plan under close implementation schedule. supervision throughout project implementation. Monitor and assess No equivalent provision Gap. The RP includes monitoring resettlement outcomes, measures, including their impacts on the requirements of semi-annual standards of living of safeguard monitoring report displaced persons, and by EA and if necessary third whether the objectives of party monitoring. the resettlement plan have been achieved by taking into account the baseline conditions and the results of resettlement monitoring. Disclose monitoring reports.

b. Resettlement Policy Principles for the Project

60. NAC as the EA that has prepared this RP unequivocally states that it will abide by national and local laws applicable to resettlement and the policy requirements of the ADB’s SPS (2009). Specifically, NAC states that it will ensure affected landowners will be paid fair compensation for land and other productive assets acquired based on the valuation schedule 2013, taking into consideration the inflation rate over the past three years at an

29 updated market price at agreed upon replacement cost. NAC will be responsive to grievance processes and act in an accountable and transparent manner, and will ensure that women will also be entitled to benefit during the resettlement processes. The principles on land acquisition, compensation and resettlement that NAC will commit itself to in the Kavieng Airport Project include:

(i) Land acquisition and resettlement will be optimised through careful engineering design. In particular, there will be very little or no displacement of people. Restrict clearing to survey designed footprint in the land portions. (ii) APs will be consulted during project cycle. RP will be prepared and updated in participation of APs. Effective mechanisms will be established for hearing and resolving grievances. (iii) APs will receive compensation at updated calculated rates based on existing market prices for their loss of assets so that they will be as well-off without the project. (iv) All compensations will be fully paid to APs prior to the beginning of civil works in the project site. (v) Absence of formal title will not be a bar to compensation and assistance and particular attention will be paid to vulnerable groups (vi) Land acquisition and resettlement will be conceived as part of the project and costs related to resettlement will be included in and financed out of the project cost. (vii) The impacts of the project including unforeseen losses and damages that may occur during civil works will be carefully monitored and remedial steps taken as required.

c. Principles and Methodologies for Determining Valuations and Compensation Rates

61. NAC recognizes that affected land-users are entitled to compensation for the value of their land to be acquired and other improvements that will be lost because of the Project requirements. Valuation is based on the valuation schedule 2013 from the valuer general office, DLPP with adjustment to be made to account for the existing market rates at the time of payment. The schedule is the calculated cost taking into the account the productivity of economical trees and the cost incurred to grow the plant. The value of the land is based on the usage of the land (land use).

d. Description of Land Acquisition Process

62. Based on the Land Act 1996, the following procedures will be followed when acquiring the land:

 The first step would be to survey the land. This has been done by the Department of Lands and Physical Planning in 2009 and 2011.  The state is then notified why the land had been surveyed. NAC notified the New Ireland Provincial Administration (NIPA) of its intention to proceed with investigations for land acquisition.  The first step in acquiring the land begins and community consultations is carried out and information gathered is compiled into a Land Investigation Report. DLPP has prepared a Land Investigation Report (LIR) including ownership genealogy, rights and interests held in the land, and, estimated value of improvements to land in consultation with the landowners, other relevant government offices and the private sector (Poliamba Oil Palm Estate).  As part of formalities, the state, in this case, the provincial government is informed about the outcome of the community consultations and meetings. The LIR has been submitted to the NIPA in Kavieng for its recommendation for the surveyed land to be alienated. The Department of Provincial and Local Level Government (DPLLG) will prepare a certificate of alienability confirming that there is no impediment to land acquisition.

 This same report is also given to the Valuer-General in order for valuation of assets to be made. Valuation has been done through the Office of Valuer General and this

is available for the compensation payment.  Once feedback is received from the Provincial government and the Valuer General, paper work needed to acquire the land begins. NAC will receive the valuation report and certificate of alienability, raises cheques and prepare purchase documents. The signed documents are sent to NIPA in Kavieng for their concurrence although NAC is responsible for payment after it secures funds from the GoPNG.  The final step towards acquiring the land is negotiating with the communities on the valuation price at replacement cost of the land that will be acquired. NIPA makes the offer to the landowners and this will be accepted. Hence the forms are executed and money is handed over in accordance with the requirements of the landowners. If rejected, it then goes to the Minister of Lands for Acquisition of the Land by the Department of Lands and Physical Planning.

G. Entitlements, Assistance and Benefits

a. Affected Person’s Entitlements and Eligibility

63. NAC has consulted with the affected clans and DLPP has undertaken a detailed land survey and investigation of actual land ownership in coordination with the District Land Officers. The LIRs listed as Annex IV – XIV provides a listing of the clan members in each of the ten clans.

64. DLO and DLPP have collect relevant information from the APs on land matters and resettlement issues. The land investigation report prepared by the Lands Officer on the 7th April 2009 then on 4th May 2011 and the 20th February 2012 represents “cut off” dates for eligibility for compensation and any rehabilitation assistance from the respective clan members. Not all LIR were done at the same time and hence the differing dates.

65. Persons that are not covered in the census, which is included in the LIR are not eligible for compensation and other entitlements, unless they can show proof that (i) they have been inadvertently missed out during the valuation. Any person or group that occupies or uses the land identified for the Project after the cut-off date will not be eligible for any compensation and/or assistance. They will be required to move from the land as per the provisions of the Land Act.

66. Landowners and land users who have satisfied the DLO that they either have claims to the affected land and/or other productive assets or through the DLO investigation can demonstrate that they are the rightful owners or users will receive compensation for land acquired by the Project. Those APs who cannot satisfy the DLO that they are the rightful users but are using the land anyway will receive compensation for productive assets attached to the land and other assistance as required.

67. Eligibility and entitlement for compensation and other assistance for the APs under this project is summarized in the Entitlement Matrix below. The full list can be found in the Resettlement Framework prepared for CADIP.

TABLE 5: ENTITLEMENT MATRIX

Type of Impact Entitled Person (s) Entitlements Permanent acquisition Legal owner(s), including Landowners will be provided equivalent size of land. customary landowners and quality of land, or cash compensation at replacement cost. Informal settlers (e.g. on APs will be provided compensation only for land acquired as part of their damaged crops, trees, and structures ROW) with no legal rights on project-affected land

loss of crops, tress, Customary land owners and APs will be given notice to harvest crops

31 structures and leaseholders if lease not and trees before site clearance or removal assets. expired prior to from required land. If APs are not able to commencement of land harvest, they will be paid cash clearance. compensation at replacement cost. In case of perennial crops and trees, the compensation will also include loss of income for a period until new crops or trees produce an equivalent income.

A relocation allowance to cover the costs of moving personal possessions paid in cash or in kind (e.g. provision of transport).

Unforeseen or Concerned displaced These will be determined as per the unintended impacts persons principles of this RP and ADB’s Safeguard Policy.

68. It should be noted that the Entitlement Matrix attached in Table 7 has inference to health and employment impacts. These impacts are inter-connected with the EMP and were included as part of the disclosure of information to APs on Land Acquisition.

69. If payment of compensation is delayed, compensation rates will be updated regularly based on inflation rates to ensure that APs receive compensation at replacement cost at the time of compensation of payment.

b. Assistance to Vulnerable Groups

70. The socio-economic survey undertaken for this RP indicates there are no APs that can definitively be classified as vulnerable. Apart from the 500 APs who lives out of the project site, the remaining 11 persons raise livestock like chicken, pigs, plant food crops gardens, do informal marketing and have access to other gardens in addition to those to be acquired by the project. However, to add additional income to the 11 APs household, the successful contractor must undertake to employ at least one member from each AP household on construction-related activities on a full-time basis. This will be a requirement in the bidding documents that will be prepared for this Contract Package.

c. Opportunities for Affected Persons to Derive Appropriate Development Benefits

71. There are a number of quantifiable and non-quantifiable development benefits for Aps including:

 Employment opportunities: APs engaged by the contractors could receive a stable waged income over 18 months. This could be an opportunity for APs to acquire some non-agricultural skills without having to leave the local community.  Women will be offered the same types of employment-based opportunities as men. They will also be able to actively participate alongside men in other land acquisition- based activities. Such involvement of women could indirectly impact upon the structures of male domination in traditional PNG society.  Social risks associated with HIV and AIDS and other STIs will be mitigated to a large extent by employing as many local people on project construction activities. People will also benefit from the training and awareness on protecting themselves from HIV and AIDS that NAC will carry out in the area.  There will be opportunities to earn money from providing a range of goods and services to outside project construction workers.  The long term benefit of the projects that the people will have access to enhanced energy connectivity, hence their ability to have improved market links and access to a wider range of goods and services.

H. Relocation of Physical Structures

72. There are no other physical structures except for the 5 households (1 permanent, 3 semi-permanent, and 1 bush material house currently at the proposed fence line extension area. The APs have indicated to NIPA and NAC that they should be moving to other portion of their customary land out of land to be acquired for the project. Their identified area is accessible by the same unpaved road the leads to their current place of residence within proposed land area to be acquired.

73. The affected persons will be entitled to compensation for the loss structures at full replacement cost based on existing market prices and relocation and shifting allowance to cover the cost for moving the materials and daily allowance while the houses are being constructed. A one-time shifting allowance of PKG1000 per household and PGK 300 daily allowance for a period of 2 weeks will be provided to the 5 affected households.

I. Income Restoration and Rehabilitation

a. Income Restoration Program

74. Income of the 11 APs currently living in the land area to be acquired is basically subsistence farming and informal marketing. It’s not only within the project area that they substantially generate their income, they also have other portion of their land outside of the proposed acquisition area that they utilise to sustain their livelihood. These 11 APs will be considered for employment during project implementation. This will be an opportunity to restore their income loss during project implementation.

75. The practise of engaging locals for general cleaning and maintenance of the airport facilities, including the communities around the airport, customary landowners including those 11 APs shall be continued as part of NAC community service obligation (CSO) . They will be paid for their services as part of their engagement. This a long term arrangements to restore and sustain their household income as long as the airport remains operational.

b. Special Measures to Support Vulnerable Groups

76. Women APs want to ensure that their safety and security are not compromised any more than they are at present. All women APs who participated in consultations during field- based resettlement planning argued an influx of outside labour posed more of a threat to their safety and security than exist at present from clan and non-clan males. The EMP contains measures to mitigate such social risks.

c. Specific Gender Considerations

77. NAC recognizes that specific gender considerations apply to all energy projects it executes and manages. The measures proposed in this RP to enhance the positive impact of the Project on women APs and other women living in the Project area are as follows:

 Iterative consultations with women at all stages of the Project cycle and importantly in the preparation of the RP.  Facilitating processes whereby women APs can lodge grievances with NAC and ultimately ADB if they are dissatisfied with any aspects of the RP.  Ensuring that women APs are offered priority wage employment on the Project and are afforded equal pay and on-the-job training opportunities.  Addressing concerns women APs might have with safety and security issues in contexts where they have to relocate their gardening activities.  Ensuring that socio-economic data is gender disaggregated to analyse impacts at the intra-household and inter-household level.

d. Suggested Training Programs

78. APs that will be offered priority employment on the Project will be provided with on-the- job training by the contractor. Such training will include but not be restricted to activities such as concreting, welding, and attending to wood fabrication taking into account occupational health and safety issues and the lack of real experience by most APs, especially women APs.

J. Resettlement Budget and Financing Plan

79. The budget for land acquisition activities has been determined since 2009 and 2011 and contained in the Land Compensation and Acquisition Valuation Report (LCAVR) (Annex XVII). The rates will be adjusted at the time of actual payment to ensure application of existing market prices. The GoPNG and NAC will secure funding so that the APs can be compensated for their land. Certification of Alienation of their Land has been prepared and it is imperative that this process of securing funds commenced as soon as possible.

80. The land acquisition budget is presented in the table below.

TABLE 6: ESTIMATED LAND ACQUISITION BUDGET

Items Value

Planted Improvement Value includes tree crops including coconuts, cocoa, PGK 111,119.60 and food crops and fruit trees.

Structures (houses) PGK5,300.00

Relocation allowance including PKG 26,000 shifting allowance

Unimproved Land Value PGK4,785,200.00 Total Compensation and Other PGK 4,901,619.60 Allowances Payable Contingency PGK2,600,000.00

Administration and monitoring PGK89,380.40

Overall total PGK7,570,000

81. This budget does not reside within NAC and a proposed Submission will need to be made from the Minister for Civil Aviation to the National Executive Council (NEC) for funding to be made available for the land acquisition.

a. Flow of funds

82. Funds for land or other productive assets to be acquired will be paid directly to APs by NAC. This will ensure considerably greater accountability and transparency than being disbursed by other means. Payment for temporary use of land during project implementations made directly by the contractor to local APs based on an agreement between the two parties and consistent with the safeguards policy approved in the project.

b. Justification for Calculating Compensation Rates and Other Cost Estimates

83. GoPNG together with NIPA is financially responsible for all resettlement activities as per the ADB Policy. Compensation rates have been based on a methodology prepared by DLPP in 2009 and 2011 because at that time the Valuation Schedule 2013 was not available to use. Valuation was done with assistance from the District Land Officer as the agreed rate for NAC and GoPNG to pay the APs. Adjustments will be made to the identified rate through applying inflation rate to reflect the current market prices at the time the payment will be made.

K. Institutional Arrangements

a. Responsibilities and Mechanisms for Carrying out Resettlement Plan

84. NAC will be both the Executing and Implementing Agency for this Project and it will delegate NAC office in New Ireland Province (NIP) to oversee day-to-day activities related to the implementation of RP. The Safeguard Officer of PIU will oversee the payment of the crop and structures and will be liaising with NIPA twice a quarterly basis prior to and during project implementation. During project implementation, specific daily issues will be captured by the NAC Officer for Kavieng Airport. This will also constitute the RP monitoring program. The Safeguard Officer of PIU will be assisted by an intermittent International Safeguard Specialist with resettlement expertise to implement and monitor RP. Safeguards activities have included to date:

 Collaboration with and assistance to the District Land Officer to undertake their work to comply to the Project’s policies and ADB requirements.  Provision of resources, including where necessary NAC expertise or contracted expertise, to carry out the Inventory of Loss (IOL) and Detailed Measurement GoPNG Survey (DMS) if needed.  Collaboration with and assistance to the Provincial Land Officer and/or District Land Officer for consultations and agreements with affected landowners or land-users.  Facilitation of consultations with affected communities and ensuring that all stakeholders are informed about the Project, its policies and procedures; ensure that all requirements concerning public disclosure of the provisions for land acquisition and compensation; and, overseeing and monitoring the grievance redress process.  Reviewing and endorsing the draft RP prior to submission to the ADB for approval, ensuring that all matters related to land acquisition and other forms of compensation are complete and correctly reported upon.

85. Other NAC roles include:

 Monitoring the process of allocation and disbursal of funds for compensation at both the national and provincial levels and ensure that funds are available and compensation is paid in a timely manner.  Undertake all other activities including the monitoring of land acquisition and other productive assets’ activities.

86. NIPA including the PLO and DLO will collaborate with NAC to plan, implement, and monitor land acquisition activities. The responsibilities include:

 Undertake cadastral surveys of land required permanently for the Project and estimate the area of land required for temporary acquisition by the Project.  Negotiate and sign a Land Compensation and Acquisition Valuation Report (LCAVR) for the acquisition/use of customary land with the clan leaders and affected landowners and/or land-users.

 Consult with and advise affected communities about the Project, the policies and procedures when land is required and the rights and responsibilities of directly

affected people and other indirectly affected peoples.

87. The New Ireland Provincial Administration is responsible to ensure that all NAC funds are allocated and disbursed to pay compensation. The payment of these funds will be made by NAC. Local Level Government Ward Councillors will facilitate all consultations with local communities, affected people, and other stakeholders. They will be responsible for collaborating with NAC to organize and carry out these consultations.

b. Institutional Capacity Building Program

88. During the PPTA it was concluded by NAC in Port Moresby that its staff who would be involved in implementing this RP require more training in the ADB’s social safeguard policies and procedures because this project will be the first one with land acquisition and resettlement to be implemented by NAC under CADIP. The project will provide consultancy support via International Social Safeguards Specialist to roll out necessary trainings and support to build safeguards implementation and monitoring capacity within NAC.

c. Role of Civil Society Groups

89. While there are some civil society groups in the Project area, they are not eligible for RP purpose. However, there are at least two Port Moresby based NGO groups - Centre for Environment, Law and Community Rights (CELCOR) and Environment Law Centre (ELC) - that are non-sectarian in nature and have a good understanding of both gender and indigenous people’s development issues and are better able to work more effectively with local communities than other NGOs. They are also more cost effective. This NGO however will need to be checked out by NAC to ensure that they are an appropriate organization to work with. NAC intends to undertake the monitoring itself but if APs feel NAC is less than diligent the latter will invite one of these NGOs or if a similar NGO can be found in New Ireland Province to undertake subsequent monitoring and report to NIPA, NAC and APs of findings and recommendations that is agreed by all parties concerned.

90. Civil Society Organization (CSO) and Non-Government Organization (NGO) will be engaged by NAC and the contractor to carry out awareness on HIV/AIDs and sexually transmitted diseases during construction. They will also be involved in awareness for communicable diseases to the surrounding town communities. NAC will continue existing collaboration with CSO, NGOs to talk to mothers in regards to the utilisation of the mini market to be established. NAC and CSOs will carry out awareness to the general public on Airport Safety Regulations

d. Involvement of Women’s Groups in Resettlement Planning and Management

91. NAC will ensure that women will not be disadvantaged during the implementation of RP particularly ensuring that women will be paid equally to men APs and will have equal access to employment opportunity from the project.

L. Implementation Schedule

92. The implementation schedule for land acquisition activities to (i) update the RP; (ii) implement the RP; and, (iii) monitoring activities is as follows (Table 9):

TABLE 7: IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE

S. N ACTIVITIES SCHEDULE Finalize Resettlement Plan 2016

1 Confirmation of Land Compensation and Valuation Acquisition Completed Report with DLPP and APs 2 Confirm land requirements based on engineering design Completed 3 Getting authorization from Department of Land for land survey Completed 4 Follow up consultation with affected communities and Completed agreement on land use/acquisition 5 Survey of land and submission to Surveyor General for Completed registration 6 Ask PLO/DLO to compile LIR (including valuation of land and Completed improvement) 7 Submission to Department of Provincial Affairs for certificate Completed of alienability to be signed by Secretary and affected LLGs 8 Valuer General verifies the land valuation Completed 9 NAC updates the draft RP in consultation with landowners, pending and on- including agreement on compensation rate/package with going landowners, and discloses updated RP to APs. 10 NAC submits the updated RP to ADB for approval and posting Mid- April 2016 on ADB website 11 ADB no-objection to RP Mid-April 2016 12. Update RP and submit to ADB December 2016 13. ADB no-objection to updated RP December 2016 14 NAC issues cheques to PLO for execution of land acquisition January, 2017 and payment of compensation 15 PLO completes land purchase and issue Completed Land January, 2017 Acquisition documents Resettlement Plan Implementation

16 NAC submits to ADB the land acquisition completion report February 2017 17 Award of civil works contract March 2017 18 Clearance of acquired land March 2017 19 Start of civil works (only after compensation and allowances March 2017 payment) Monitoring Plan

20 NAC establishes AP socio-economic baseline Completed 21 NAC submits progress report to ADB on implementation of RP Six Monthly 22 NAC conducts post-resettlement survey and final monitoring March 2018 report

M. Monitoring and Reporting

93. NAC will monitor all activities associated with land acquisition and payment of compensation to APs. The scope of monitoring includes: (i) compliance with the agreed policies and procedures for land acquisition; (ii) prompt approval, allocation and disbursement of compensation payments to APs, including if necessary supplemental compensation for additional and/or unforeseen losses; and, (iii) remedial actions, as required. The monitoring will also cover the social impacts of the project and whether APs are able to restore, and preferably improve, their pre-project living standards, incomes, and productive capacity. A monitoring and evaluation program utilizing the following indicators has been finalized on the understanding it can be subject to change, including suggestions by APs of what they consider of more relevant to their livelihoods than are considered

37 relevant by other stakeholders. The final monitoring and evaluation indicators are as follows (Table 10):

TABLE 8: THE FINAL MONITORING AND EVALUATION INDICATORS

Type of Indicator Indicator Examples of Variables Staffing No of PMU staff by job function Engagement of Safeguards Staff and training Consultation, Participation, No of other agency officials available for and Grievance Resolution tasks No of consultation and participation programs held with various stakeholders

Procedures in Operation No of field visits by PMU Staff Process No of civil society groups participating in Indicators Project Effectiveness of compensation/assistance delivery system Coordination between PMU and GoPNG agencies, project supervision consultants, and civil society groups Households No of households affected Structures No of households receiving agreed Economic Trees and compensation for trees and crops Output Crops No of special assistance programs to Indicators vulnerable households (if required) Assistance to APs Employment status of households having a formal job Employment status of households being Impact self-employed Indicators Household Earning No of households receiving income Capacity enhancement skills training Number of women engaged as waged workers by the Project Type of Project-related skills women received training in Special Assistance to Average wage of women employed on Women Project compared to that of men Increase in market-based incomes of women traders Increase in visits by GoPNG service providers

Other Livelihood Indicators

94. NAC will prepare and submit semi-annual monitoring reports to ADB as part of project performance monitoring. NAC will also submit a project land acquisition completion report to ADB when compensation has been paid.

95. NAC is committed to ensuring best practices in accountability and transparency during the implementation of this Project but as argued elsewhere in this RP if aggrieved APs are dissatisfied with the monitoring processes and outcomes undertaken by NAC it will appoint an external monitoring agency to address APs concerns.

N. Annexes

Annex I: Consultation Photos

PHOTO 1: CONSULTATION WITH THE NEW IRELAND PROVINCIAL ADMINISTRATION

PHOTO 2: THREE OF THE STRUCTURES THAT WILL BE RELOCATION

PHOTO 3: CONSULTATION WITH DUDA KAMAPEKAN &FAMILY AROUND THE HOUSES (PHOTO 2)

Annex II: Consultation Letter TO NIPA

Annex III: Support letter from Member for Kavieng

Annex IV – XIV: Listing of Affected Crops, Trees &Structures for Portion 1049C, 1160C & 1164C according to clan groups

Annex IV: KALAPOK

Annex V: PANAMAK

Annex VI: PANAVUL

Annex VII: PANAGUMI

Annex VIII: KULAGAVUS

Annex IX: LOVULIT

Annex X: LISUAK

Annex XI: VUVUT/PANAGUIS

Annex XII: LOKAU

Annex XIII: PANATOVO

Annex XV – XX: COI AND LCAVR

Annex XV: Certificate of Alienation for Airport Land - Phase I

Annex XVI: Certificate of Alienation for Airport Land - Phase II

Annex XVII: Land Compensation and Acquisition Valuation Report Phase I

Annex XVIII: Land Compensation and Acquisition Valuation Report Phase 1 of 2