A Review of the Implementation of the OLPG &
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ONSTITUTIONAL AND C LAW REFORM COMMISSION A Review of the Implementation of the OLPG & LLG: A Six Provinces Survey MONOGRAPH NO. 1 CONSTITUTIONAL AND LAW REFORM COMMISSION OF PAPUA NEW GUINEA MONOGRAPH 1 REVIEW OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE OLPG & LLG ON SERVICE DELIVERY ARRANGEMENTS: A SIX PROVINCES SURVEY Edited by DR LAWRENCE KALINOE ii Published in Port Moresby by: Constitutional and Law Reform Commission Level 1, Bank South Pacific Building, Boroko National Capital District Website: www.clrc.gov.pg Telephone: (675) 325 2862 (675) 325 2840 Fax: (675) 325 3375 Email: [email protected] [email protected] The Constitutional and Law Reform Commission is a successor to the Law Reform Commission and the Constitutional Development Commission. It was established in 2005 pursuant to provisions of the Constitutional and Law Reform Commission Act (No. 24 of 2004) that was enacted on 24 th November, 2004 and proclaimed into force in March 2005. ISBN: 9980-9900-7-4 © 2009 Government of Papua New Guinea The text in this document (excluding the coat of arms) may be reproduced free of charge in any medium to the extent allowed under Copyright and Neighbouring Rights Act 2000. The material must be acknowledged as State copyright and the title of the document acknowledged. iv Foreword _________________ There has been concerns raised about the state of affairs in the system of decentralization that we now have under the current Organic Law on Provincial and Local-level Governments – essentially that under this current system, delivery of basic government provided services such as in health, education, transportation, communication, etc., have deteriorated and that the current system is not functioning well. Therefore many of our current leaders, including the Prime Minister Grand Chief Sir Michael Somare, have called for the review of the current system of decentralization. The National Executive Council has in 2006 (NEC Decision 326/2006 on 22.12. 06) directed the relevant agencies, including my Department and the Constitutional and Law Reform Commission (CLRC) to review the current Organic Law and the current system of decentralization but subsequent three other NEC decisions have established other task forces to conduct broad based review and appraisal of the system of sub-national government administration in collaboration with the Public Sector Reform Management Unit (PSRMU) of the Department of Prime Minister and National Executive Council. This work is now on foot. At the 2008 national Governors Conference which I hosted in Lorengau, Manus Province from June 2 – 3, the Governors were resolute in their view that the current system of decentralization and the relationship between national government and the other sub-national governments needed to be reviewed as a matter of urgency and recommended to the national government to refer this task to the CLRC to coordinate and collaborate with my Department and others to undertake this work. Whilst the mechanics of this exercise were being worked out, the NEC moved quickly and established the Task Force on National Strategic Plan and this new task force is now, amongst other things, looking into an appropriate and suitable system of decentralization and sub-national governments system. Whilst all these work is being done to review the current system of decentralization, I note that there has been no detailed work done concentrating on the Organic Law on Provincial and Local-level Governments. I therefore welcome this monograph produced by the CLRC which presents very useful analysis of the Organic Law provisions relating to service delivery. I note from these examination of the relevant provisions of the Organic Law that the functional roles and responsibilities of the Provincial Administrator (PA) and the District Administrator (DA) are very critical and crucial for service delivery in the provinces and districts. The v PA and the DA are ultimately responsible to ensure that basic service delivery projects and programs are functioning in the province and or the districts. If the PA establishes a Provincial Management Team (PMT) comprising all the DAs in the province and such other senior officers in the province and uses the PMT to coordinate and monitor the state of service delivery projects and programs in the districts and the province as a whole, then I am convinced that there would be better and improved output in the provinces. Apart from the discussions on the Organic Law provisions, I note that the case studies on the review of the six provinces covered in this monograph are extremely useful for reflection and correction. I commend the CLRC for producing this work at this point in time and I hope that some of the recommendations which they make in this monograph would be taken on board in any subsequent review of the Organic Law. Hon. Job Pomat MP Minister for Provincial and Local Government Affairs. vi Preface _________________ The reforms to the system of decentralization which Papua New Guinea previous had under the pre- 1995 system were introduced by the 1995 Organic Law on Provincial and Local – level Government (OLPGLLG) and came into being on 19 July 1995. One of the key objective of the 1995 reforms was improved service delivery to the greater majority of Papua New Guineans who are living in the rural areas of the country. The Provincial Administrators and the District Administrators were then given administrative coordination and facilitation functional roles and responsibilities over their respective provinces and districts to ensure that services in their provinces and districts were delivered. Other key monitoring agencies like the Provincial and Local-level Services Monitoring Authority (PLLSMA) were also established to monitor the service delivery levels through out the country. The actual state of implementation of the key service delivery mechanisms and processes and their monitoring in the last 13 years has been somewhat lukewarm. There is now so much disquiet through out the country that service delivery in the last thirteen years since the introduction of the 1995 reforms has fallen to levels well below the pre-1995 levels and in some areas, the situation has deteriorated. A full and comprehensive review of the current system of decentralization that Papua New Guinea now has is now due. This study only looks at the six provinces which we considered. In 1997, a significant amendment was introduced to the 1995 Organic Law – where a new Section 33A was inserted to create Joint Districts Planning and Budgets Priorities Committees (JDPBPC). The 1995 Organic Law had deemed the existing 89 Open Electorates as districts without any regards and consideration for the reasons behind the establishment of the then existing administrative districts and sub-districts in the first instance. This meant that there were new 89 JDPBPCs created by the operation of law. There are 305 Local-level Governments (LLGs) throughout the country. The creation of the 89 JDPBPCs has now had the effect of rendering the existing 305 LLGs redundant in any meaningful service delivery programs and projects because the National Government’s focus and attention has been shifted to the JDPBPCs – where through the District Services Improvement Program (DSIP) in the recent past, the National Government has been channeling up to K14 million directly to the districts, by-passing the Provincial Governments and LLGs and directly to the 89 JDPBPCs. Like many others before us, we make the observation in this monograph vii that the “service delivery approach through JDPBPCs” is clearly unsustainable and largely driven by political considerations but utilizing scarce national government funds – which currently stands in excess of K1.2 billion. There is not much to show for in terms of capital works infrastructure development to assist in service delivery through out the country for such a large amount of money in 5 years. The JDPBPCs through out the country do not have technical and administrative capacity to implement service delivery programs – but the Provincial Governments and the District administrations do have some capacity. Therefore, it is fair to say that National Government funds for service delivery projects and programs must be channeled though the Provincial Government system. The six provinces survey which we have conducted and present in this monograph has been undertaken through a “rapid report card” reporting approach – where we selected the six provinces randomly but as representatives of the four regions of the country – and then visited the provincial administrations and selected district administrations in the province and then looked at their situations and presented them in the six chapters as “situational report cards”. The six provinces covered in this study are: New Ireland Province 2002 – 2007; Morobe Province; East Sepik Province; Gulf Province; Southern Highlands Province; and Eastern Highlands Province. This “situational report card assessment” we conducted covering these six provinces, emanates from the initial two related National Executive Council Decisions No. 326/2006 and No. 327/2006 which were both made on 21 December 2006 which directed the CLRC and the DPLGA to review the OLPGLLG and related legislation. Following these two NEC decisions, we held initial discussions with the DPLGA and then took initial steps to work on the proposed review of the OLPGLLG. This “situational report card assessment” of the selected six provinces which we now publish as a CLRC monograph is a result of this preparatory work towards a review of the OLPGLLG – where work such as this would guide and inform the formal review in the future as and when the Government issues a formal Directive to us. As we were attending to this preparatory work towards the review, NEC Decision NG 36/2007 was then taken on 5 November 2007 and a further related decision NG 63/2007 was taken on 6 December 2007 – both of these decisions have now somewhat re-directed the review of the OLPGLLG to a newly created task force under the leadership of Sir Barry Holloway.