DOCSLIB.ORG

The UK Tex FAQ Your 469 Questions Answered Version 3.28, Date 2014-06-10

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The UK Tex FAQ Your 469 Questions Answered Version 3.28, Date 2014-06-10 The UK TeX FAQ Your 469 Questions Answered version 3.28, date 2014-06-10 June 10, 2014 NOTE This document is an updated and extended version of the FAQ article that was published as the December 1994 and 1995, and March 1999 editions of the UK TUG magazine Baskerville (which weren’t formatted like this). The article is also available via the World Wide Web. Contents Introduction 11 Licence of the FAQ 11 Finding the Files 11 A The Background 12 1 Getting started............................. 12 2 What is TeX?............................. 12 3 What’s “writing in TeX”?....................... 13 4 How should I pronounce “TeX”?................... 13 5 What is Metafont?........................... 13 6 What is Metapost?........................... 13 7 Things with “TeX” in the name.................... 14 8 What is CTAN?............................ 16 9 The (CTAN) catalogue......................... 16 10 How can I be sure it’s really TeX?.................... 17 11 What is e-TeX?............................. 17 12 What is PDFTeX?........................... 18 13 What is LaTeX?............................ 18 14 What is LaTeX2e?........................... 18 15 How should I pronounce “LaTeX(2e)”?................ 18 16 Should I use Plain TeX or LaTeX?.................. 19 17 How does LaTeX relate to Plain TeX?................ 19 18 What is ConTeXt?........................... 19 19 What are the AMS packages (AMSTeX, etc.)?............ 20 20 What is Eplain?............................ 20 21 What is Texinfo?............................. 21 22 Lollipop................................. 21 23 If TeX is so good, how come it’s free?................. 21 24 What is the future of TeX?........................ 21 25 Reading (La)TeX files......................... 22 26 Why is TeX not a WYSIWYG system?................. 22 27 TeX User Groups........................... 23 1 B Documentation and Help 24 28 Books relevant to TeX and friends................... 24 29 Books on TeX, Plain TeX and relations................ 24 30 Books on LaTeX............................ 25 31 Books on other TeX-related matters.................. 26 32 Books on Type............................. 26 33 Where to find FAQs........................... 27 34 Getting help online........................... 27 35 Specialist mailing lists......................... 28 36 How to ask a question......................... 29 37 How to make a “minimum example”................. 29 38 Tutorials, etc., for TeX-based systems.................. 31 39 Online introductions: Plain TeX..................... 31 40 Online introductions: LaTeX...................... 31 41 (La)TeX tutorials........................... 32 42 Reference documents......................... 33 43 WIKI books for TeX and friends................... 33 44 Typography tutorials.......................... 33 45 Freely available (La)TeX books.................... 34 46 Documentation of packages...................... 34 47 Learning to write LaTeX classes and packages............ 35 48 LaTeX3 programming......................... 36 49 Metafont and Metapost Tutorials................... 36 50 BibTeX Documentation......................... 37 51 Where can I find the symbol for . .................... 37 52 The PiCTeX manual........................... 37 C Bits and pieces of (La)TeX 38 53 What is a DVI file?.......................... 38 54 What is a DVI driver?......................... 38 55 What are PK files?........................... 38 56 What are TFM files?.......................... 39 57 What are virtual fonts?......................... 39 58 What are (TeX) macros........................ 39 59 \special commands......................... 40 60 Writing (text) files from TeX...................... 41 61 Spawning programs from (La)TeX: \write18 ............. 41 62 How does hyphenation work in TeX?................. 42 63 What are LaTeX classes and packages?................ 43 64 What are LaTeX “environments”................... 43 65 Documented LaTeX sources (.dtx files)............... 45 66 What are encodings?.......................... 46 67 What are the EC fonts?......................... 47 68 Unicode and TeX............................ 47 69 What is the TDS?........................... 48 70 What is “Encapsulated PostScript” (“EPS”)?............. 48 71 Adobe font formats.......................... 49 72 What are “resolutions”?........................ 49 73 What is the “Berry naming scheme”?................. 50 D Acquiring the Software 50 74 Repositories of TeX material..................... 50 75 Ready-built installation files on the archive............... 51 76 What was the CTAN nonfree tree?................... 51 77 Contributing a file to the archives................... 52 78 Finding (La)TeX files......................... 52 79 Finding new fonts........................... 53 80 The TeX collection.......................... 54 2 E TeX Systems 54 81 (La)TeX for different machines.................... 54 82 Unix and GNU Linux systems..................... 54 83 (Modern) Windows systems...................... 55 84 Macintosh systems........................... 56 85 Other systems’ TeX availability.................... 56 86 TeX-friendly editors and shells..................... 57 87 Commercial TeX implementations.................. 58 F DVI Drivers and Previewers 59 88 DVI to PostScript conversion programs................ 59 89 DVI drivers for HP LaserJet...................... 59 90 Output to “other” printers....................... 60 91 DVI previewers............................ 60 92 Generating bitmaps from DVI..................... 60 G Support Packages for TeX 61 93 (La)TeX-friendly drawing packages................... 61 94 TeXCAD, a drawing package for LaTeX................ 61 95 Spelling checkers for work with TeX.................. 61 96 How many words have you written?.................. 62 H Literate programming 63 97 What is Literate Programming?.................... 63 98 WEB systems for various languages................. 63 I Format conversions 64 99 Conversion from (La)TeX to plain text................ 64 100 Conversion from SGML or HTML to TeX.............. 64 101 Conversion from (La)TeX to HTML................. 65 102 Other conversions to and from (La)TeX................ 66 103 Using TeX to read SGML or XML directly............... 67 104 Retrieving (La)TeX from DVI, etc................... 68 105 Translating LaTeX to Plain TeX.................... 68 J Installing (La)TeX files 69 106 Installing things on a (La)TeX system................. 69 107 Finding packages to install...................... 69 108 Unpacking LaTeX packages...................... 69 109 Generating package documentation.................. 69 110 Installing files “where (La)TeX can find them”............ 70 111 Which tree to use........................... 70 112 Where to install packages........................ 71 113 Tidying up after installation...................... 72 114 Shortcuts to installing files....................... 72 115 Installation using MiKTeX package manager............. 73 116 Installation using TeX Live manager................. 73 117 Installing using ready-built ZIP files................. 73 118 “Temporary” installation of (La)TeX files............... 74 119 “Private” installations of files..................... 74 120 Installing a new font.......................... 76 121 Installing a font provided as Metafont source............. 76 122 ‘Installing’ a PostScript printer built-in font............. 76 123 Preparing a Type 1 font......................... 77 124 Installing a Type 1 font......................... 77 125 Installing the Type 1 versions of the CM fonts............ 78 K Fonts 79 3 K.1 Adobe Type 1 (“PostScript”) fonts 79 126 Using Adobe Type 1 fonts with TeX................. 79 127 Previewing files using Type 1 fonts.................. 79 128 TeX font metric files for Type 1 fonts................. 80 129 Deploying Type 1 fonts........................ 80 130 Choice of Type 1 fonts for typesetting Maths.............. 81 131 Unicode Maths using OpenType fonts.................. 87 132 Weird characters in dvips output.................... 88 K.2 Macros for using fonts 88 133 Using non-standard fonts in Plain TeX................ 88 K.3 Particular font families 89 134 Using the “Concrete” fonts...................... 89 135 Using the Latin Modern fonts..................... 90 136 Getting ‘free’ fonts not in your distribution............... 91 K.4 Metafont fonts 91 137 Getting Metafont to do what you want................. 91 138 Which font files should be kept.................... 93 139 Acquiring bitmap fonts........................ 93 L Hypertext and PDF 94 140 Making PDF documents from (La)TeX................ 94 141 Making hypertext documents from TeX................ 95 142 The hyperTeX project......................... 95 143 Quality of PDF from PostScript.................... 95 144 The wrong type of fonts in PDF.................... 96 145 Fuzzy fonts because Ghostscript too old............... 96 146 Fonts go fuzzy when you switch to T1................. 97 147 Characters missing from PDF output.................. 97 148 Finding ‘8-bit’ Type 1 fonts....................... 97 149 Replacing Type 3 fonts in PostScript................. 98 150 Hyperref and repeated page numbers................. 99 151 Copy-paste-able/searchable PDF files................. 99 M Graphics 100 152 Importing graphics into (La)TeX documents............. 100 153 Imported graphics in dvips ........................ 101 154 Imported graphics in PDFLaTeX................... 102 155 Imported graphics in dvipdfm ....................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • WORDS MADE FLESH Code, Culture, Imagination Florian Cramer
    WORDS MADE FLESH Code, Culture, Imagination Florian Cramer Me dia De s ign Re s e arch Pie t Z w art Ins titute ins titute for pos tgraduate s tudie s and re s e arch W ille m de Kooning Acade m y H oge s ch ool Rotte rdam 3 ABSTRACT: Executable code existed centuries before the invention of the computer in magic, Kabbalah, musical composition and exper- imental poetry. These practices are often neglected as a historical pretext of contemporary software culture and electronic arts. Above all, they link computations to a vast speculative imagination that en- compasses art, language, technology, philosophy and religion. These speculations in turn inscribe themselves into the technology. Since even the most simple formalism requires symbols with which it can be expressed, and symbols have cultural connotations, any code is loaded with meaning. This booklet writes a small cultural history of imaginative computation, reconstructing both the obsessive persis- tence and contradictory mutations of the phantasm that symbols turn physical, and words are made flesh. Media Design Research Piet Zwart Institute institute for postgraduate studies and research Willem de Kooning Academy Hogeschool Rotterdam http://www.pzwart.wdka.hro.nl The author wishes to thank Piet Zwart Institute Media Design Research for the fellowship on which this book was written. Editor: Matthew Fuller, additional corrections: T. Peal Typeset by Florian Cramer with LaTeX using the amsbook document class and the Bitstream Charter typeface. Front illustration: Permutation table for the pronounciation of God’s name, from Abraham Abulafia’s Or HaSeichel (The Light of the Intellect), 13th century c 2005 Florian Cramer, Piet Zwart Institute Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of any of the following licenses: (1) the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foun- dation; either version 2 of the License, or any later version.
    [Show full text]
  • Donald Knuth Fletcher Jones Professor of Computer Science, Emeritus Curriculum Vitae Available Online
    Donald Knuth Fletcher Jones Professor of Computer Science, Emeritus Curriculum Vitae available Online Bio BIO Donald Ervin Knuth is an American computer scientist, mathematician, and Professor Emeritus at Stanford University. He is the author of the multi-volume work The Art of Computer Programming and has been called the "father" of the analysis of algorithms. He contributed to the development of the rigorous analysis of the computational complexity of algorithms and systematized formal mathematical techniques for it. In the process he also popularized the asymptotic notation. In addition to fundamental contributions in several branches of theoretical computer science, Knuth is the creator of the TeX computer typesetting system, the related METAFONT font definition language and rendering system, and the Computer Modern family of typefaces. As a writer and scholar,[4] Knuth created the WEB and CWEB computer programming systems designed to encourage and facilitate literate programming, and designed the MIX/MMIX instruction set architectures. As a member of the academic and scientific community, Knuth is strongly opposed to the policy of granting software patents. He has expressed his disagreement directly to the patent offices of the United States and Europe. (via Wikipedia) ACADEMIC APPOINTMENTS • Professor Emeritus, Computer Science HONORS AND AWARDS • Grace Murray Hopper Award, ACM (1971) • Member, American Academy of Arts and Sciences (1973) • Turing Award, ACM (1974) • Lester R Ford Award, Mathematical Association of America (1975) • Member, National Academy of Sciences (1975) 5 OF 44 PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION • PhD, California Institute of Technology , Mathematics (1963) PATENTS • Donald Knuth, Stephen N Schiller. "United States Patent 5,305,118 Methods of controlling dot size in digital half toning with multi-cell threshold arrays", Adobe Systems, Apr 19, 1994 • Donald Knuth, LeRoy R Guck, Lawrence G Hanson.
    [Show full text]
  • Bitstream Fonts in May 2005 at Totaling 350 Font Families with a Total of 1357 Font Styles
    Bitstream Fonts in May 2005 at http://www.myfonts.com/fonts/bitstream totaling 350 font families with a total of 1357 font styles The former Bitstream typeface libraries consisted mainly of forgeries of Linotype fonts and of ITC fonts. See the list below on the pages 24–29 about the old Bitstream Typeface Library of 1992. The 2005 Bitstream typeface library contains the same forgeries of Linotype fonts as formerly and also the same ITC fonts, but it also includes a lot of new mediocre „rubbish fonts“ (e.g. „Alphabet Soup“, „Arkeo“, „Big Limbo“), but also a few new quality fonts (e.g. „Drescher Grotesk“, „Prima Serif“ etc.). On the other hand, a few old fonts (e.g. „Caxton“) were removed. See the list below on pages 1–23. The typeface collection of CorelDraw comprises almost the entire former old Bitstream typeface library (see the list below on pages 24–29) with the following exceptions: 1. A few (ca. 3) forgeries of Linotype fonts are missing in the CorelDraw font collections, e.g. the fonts „Baskerville No. 2“ (= Linotype Baskerville No. 2), „Italian Garamond“ (= Linotype Garamond Simoncini), and „Revival 555“ (= Linotype Horley Old Style). 2. A lot (ca. 11) of ITC fonts are not contained in the CorelDraw font collections, e.g. „ITC Berkeley Oldstyle“, „ITC Century“, „ITC Clearface“, „ITC Isbell“, „ITC Italia“, „ITC Modern No. 216“, „ITC Ronda“, „ITC Serif Gothic“, „ITC Tom’s Roman“, „ITC Zapf Book“, and „ITC Zapf International“. Ulrich Stiehl, Heidelberg 3-May 2005 Aachen – 2 styles Ad Lib™ – 1 styles Aerospace Pi – 1 styles Aldine
    [Show full text]
  • Tuto Documentation Release 0.1.0
    Tuto Documentation Release 0.1.0 DevOps people 2020-05-09 09H16 CONTENTS 1 Documentation news 3 1.1 Documentation news 2020........................................3 1.1.1 New features of sphinx.ext.autodoc (typing) in sphinx 2.4.0 (2020-02-09)..........3 1.1.2 Hypermodern Python Chapter 5: Documentation (2020-01-29) by https://twitter.com/cjolowicz/..................................3 1.2 Documentation news 2018........................................4 1.2.1 Pratical sphinx (2018-05-12, pycon2018)...........................4 1.2.2 Markdown Descriptions on PyPI (2018-03-16)........................4 1.2.3 Bringing interactive examples to MDN.............................5 1.3 Documentation news 2017........................................5 1.3.1 Autodoc-style extraction into Sphinx for your JS project...................5 1.4 Documentation news 2016........................................5 1.4.1 La documentation linux utilise sphinx.............................5 2 Documentation Advices 7 2.1 You are what you document (Monday, May 5, 2014)..........................8 2.2 Rédaction technique...........................................8 2.2.1 Libérez vos informations de leurs silos.............................8 2.2.2 Intégrer la documentation aux processus de développement..................8 2.3 13 Things People Hate about Your Open Source Docs.........................9 2.4 Beautiful docs.............................................. 10 2.5 Designing Great API Docs (11 Jan 2012)................................ 10 2.6 Docness.................................................
    [Show full text]
  • The File Cmfonts.Fdd for Use with Latex2ε
    The file cmfonts.fdd for use with LATEX 2".∗ Frank Mittelbach Rainer Sch¨opf 2019/12/16 This file is maintained byA theLTEX Project team. Bug reports can be opened (category latex) at https://latex-project.org/bugs.html. 1 Introduction This file contains the external font information needed to load the Computer Modern fonts designed by Don Knuth and distributed with TEX. From this file all .fd files (font definition files) for the Computer Modern fonts, both with old encoding (OT1) and Cork encoding (T1) are generated. The Cork encoded fonts are known under the name ec fonts. 2 Customization If you plan to install the AMS font package or if you have it already installed, please note that within this package there are additional sizes of the Computer Modern symbol and math italic fonts. With the release of LATEX 2", these AMS `extracm' fonts have been included in the LATEX font set. Therefore, the math .fd files produced here assume the presence of these AMS extensions. For text fonts in T1 encoding, the directive new selects the new (version 1.2) DC fonts. For the text fonts in OT1 and U encoding, the optional docstrip directive ori selects a conservatively generated set of font definition files, which means that only the basic font sizes coming with an old LATEX 2.09 installation are included into the \DeclareFontShape commands. However, on many installations, people have added missing sizes by scaling up or down available Metafont sources. For example, the Computer Modern Roman italic font cmti is only available in the sizes 7, 8, 9, and 10pt.
    [Show full text]
  • Musical Notation Codes Index
    Music Notation - www.music-notation.info - Copyright 1997-2019, Gerd Castan Musical notation codes Index xml ascii binary 1. MidiXML 1. PDF used as music notation 1. General information format 2. Apple GarageBand Format 2. MIDI (.band) 2. DARMS 3. QuickScore Elite file format 3. SMDL 3. GUIDO Music Notation (.qsd) Language 4. MPEG4-SMR 4. WAV audio file format (.wav) 4. abc 5. MNML - The Musical Notation 5. MP3 audio file format (.mp3) Markup Language 5. MusiXTeX, MusicTeX, MuTeX... 6. WMA audio file format (.wma) 6. MusicML 6. **kern (.krn) 7. MusicWrite file format (.mwk) 7. MHTML 7. **Hildegard 8. Overture file format (.ove) 8. MML: Music Markup Language 8. **koto 9. ScoreWriter file format (.scw) 9. Theta: Tonal Harmony 9. **bol Exploration and Tutorial Assistent 10. Copyist file format (.CP6 and 10. Musedata format (.md) .CP4) 10. ScoreML 11. LilyPond 11. Rich MIDI Tablature format - 11. JScoreML RMTF 12. Philip's Music Writer (PMW) 12. eXtensible Score Language 12. Creative Music File Format (XScore) 13. TexTab 13. Sibelius Plugin Interface 13. MusiXML: My own format 14. Mup music publication program 14. Finale Plugin Interface 14. MusicXML (.mxl, .xml) 15. NoteEdit 15. Internal format of Finale (.mus) 15. MusiqueXML 16. Liszt: The SharpEye OMR 16. XMF - eXtensible Music 16. GUIDO XML engine output file format Format 17. WEDELMUSIC 17. Drum Tab 17. NIFF 18. ChordML 18. Enigma Transportable Format 18. Internal format of Capella (ETF) (.cap) 19. ChordQL 19. CMN: Common Music 19. SASL: Simple Audio Score 20. NeumesXML Notation Language 21. MEI 20. OMNL: Open Music Notation 20.
    [Show full text]
  • CM-Super: Automatic Creation of Efficient Type 1 Fonts from Metafont
    CM-Super: Automatic creation of efficient Type 1 fonts from METAFONT fonts Vladimir Volovich Voronezh State University Moskovsky prosp. 109/1, kv. 75, Voronezh 304077 Russia [email protected] Abstract In this article I describe making the CM-Super fonts: Type 1 fonts converted from METAFONT sources of various Computer Modern font families. The fonts contain a large number of glyphs covering writing in dozens of languages (Latin-based, Cyrillic-based, etc.) and provide outline replacements for the original METAFONT fonts. The CM-Super fonts were produced by tracing the high resolution bitmaps generated by METAFONT with the help of TEXtrace, optimizing and hinting the fonts with FontLab, and applying cleanups and optimizations with Perl scripts. 1 The idea behind the CM-Super fonts There exist free Type 1 versions of the original CM The Computer Modern (CM) fonts are the default fonts, provided by Blue Sky Research, Elsevier Sci- ence, IBM Corporation, the Society for Industrial and most commonly used text fonts with TEX. Orig- inally, CM fonts contained only basic Latin letters, and Applied Mathematics (SIAM), Springer-Verlag, and thus covered only the English language. There Y&Y and the American Mathematical Society, but are however a number of Computer Modern look- until not long ago there were no free Type 1 versions alike METAFONT fonts developed which cover other of other “CM look-alike” fonts available, which lim- languages and scripts. Just to name a few: ited their usage in PDF and PostScript target docu- ment formats. The CM-Super fonts were developed • EC and TC fonts, developed by J¨orgKnappen, to cover this gap.
    [Show full text]
  • The New Font Project: TEX Gyre
    Hans Hagen, Jerzy Ludwichowski, Volker Schaa NAJAAR 2006 47 The New Font Project: TEX Gyre Abstract metric and encoding files for each font. We look for- In this short presentation, we will introduce a new ward to an extended TFM format which will lift this re- project: the “lm-ization” of the free fonts that come striction and, in conjunction with OpenType, simplify with T X distributions. We will discuss the project E delivery and usage of fonts in TEX. objectives, timeline and cross-lug funding aspects. We especially look forward to assistance from pdfTEX users, because the pdfTEX team is working on the implementation on the support for OpenType Introduction fonts. An important consideration from Hans Hagen: “In The New Font Project is a brainchild of Hans Ha- the end, even Ghostscript will benefit, so I can even gen, triggered mainly by the very good reception imagine those fonts ending up in the Ghostscript dis- of the Latin Modern (LM) font project by the TEX tribution.” community. After consulting other LUG leaders, The idea of preparing such font families was sug- Bogusław Jackowski and Janusz M. Nowacki, aka gested by the pdfTEX development team. Their pro- “GUST type.foundry”, were asked to formulate the pro- posal triggered a lively discussion by an informal ject. group of representatives of several TEX user groups — The next section contains its outline, as prepared notably Karl Berry (TUG), Hans Hagen (NTG), Jerzy by Bogusław Jackowski and Janusz M. Nowacki. The Ludwichowski (GUST), Volker RW Schaa (DANTE)— remaining sections were written by us. who suggested that we should approach this project as a research, technical and implementation team, and Project outline promised their help in taking care of promotion, integ- ration, supervising and financing.
    [Show full text]
  • Latex2ε Font Selection
    LATEX 2" font selection © Copyright 1995{2021, LATEX Project Team.∗ All rights reserved. March 2021 Contents 1 Introduction2 1.1 LATEX 2" fonts.............................2 1.2 Overview...............................2 1.3 Further information.........................3 2 Text fonts4 2.1 Text font attributes.........................4 2.2 Selection commands.........................7 2.3 Internals................................8 2.4 Parameters for author commands..................9 2.5 Special font declaration commands................. 10 3 Math fonts 11 3.1 Math font attributes......................... 11 3.2 Selection commands......................... 12 3.3 Declaring math versions....................... 13 3.4 Declaring math alphabets...................... 13 3.5 Declaring symbol fonts........................ 14 3.6 Declaring math symbols....................... 15 3.7 Declaring math sizes......................... 17 4 Font installation 17 4.1 Font definition files.......................... 17 4.2 Font definition file commands.................... 18 4.3 Font file loading information..................... 19 4.4 Size functions............................. 20 5 Encodings 21 5.1 The fontenc package......................... 21 5.2 Encoding definition file commands................. 22 5.3 Default definitions.......................... 25 5.4 Encoding defaults........................... 26 5.5 Case changing............................. 27 ∗Thanks to Arash Esbati for documenting the newer NFSS features of 2020 1 6 Miscellanea 27 6.1 Font substitution..........................
    [Show full text]
  • About Basictex-2021
    About BasicTeX-2021 Richard Koch January 2, 2021 1 Introduction Most TeX distributions for Mac OS X are based on TeX Live, the reference edition of TeX produced by TeX User Groups across the world. Among these is MacTeX, which installs the full TeX Live as well as front ends, Ghostscript, and other utilities | everything needed to use TeX on the Mac. To obtain it, go to http://tug.org/mactex. 2 Basic TeX BasicTeX (92 MB) is an installation package for Mac OS X based on TeX Live 2021. Unlike MacTeX, this package is deliberately small. Yet it contains all of the standard tools needed to write TeX documents, including TeX, LaTeX, pdfTeX, MetaFont, dvips, MetaPost, and XeTeX. It would be dangerous to construct a new distribution by going directly to CTAN or the Web and collecting useful style files, fonts and so forth. Such a distribution would run into support issues as the creators move on to other projects. Luckily, the TeX Live install script has its own notion of \installation packages" and collections of such packages to make \installation schemes." BasicTeX is constructed by running the TeX Live install script and choosing the \small" scheme. Thus it is a subset of the full TeX Live with exactly the TeX Live directory structure and configuration scripts. Moreover, BasicTeX contains tlmgr, the TeX Live Manager software introduced in TeX Live 2008, which can install additional packages over the network. So it will be easy for users to add missing packages if needed. Since it is important that the install package come directly from the standard TeX Live distribution, I'm going to explain exactly how I installed TeX to produce the install package.
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 13, Using Fonts with X
    13 Using Fonts With X Most X clients let you specify the font used to display text in the window, in menus and labels, or in other text fields. For example, you can choose the font used for the text in fvwm menus or in xterm windows. This chapter gives you the information you need to be able to do that. It describes what you need to know to select display fonts for use with X client applications. Some of the topics the chapter covers are: The basic characteristics of a font. The font-naming conventions and the logical font description. The use of wildcards and aliases for simplifying font specification The font search path. The use of a font server for accessing fonts resident on other systems on the network. The utilities available for managing fonts. The use of international fonts and character sets. The use of TrueType fonts. Font technology suffers from a tension between what printers want and what display monitors want. For example, printers have enough intelligence built in these days to know how best to handle outline fonts. Sending a printer a bitmap font bypasses this intelligence and generally produces a lower quality printed page. With a monitor, on the other hand, anything more than bitmapped information is wasted. Also, printers produce more attractive print with variable-width fonts. While this is true for monitors as well, the utility of monospaced fonts usually overrides the aesthetic of variable width for most contexts in which we’re looking at text on a monitor. This chapter is primarily concerned with the use of fonts on the screen.
    [Show full text]
  • Complete Issue 40:3 As One
    TUGBOAT Volume 40, Number 3 / 2019 General Delivery 211 From the president / Boris Veytsman 212 Editorial comments / Barbara Beeton TEX Users Group 2019 sponsors; Kerning between lowercase+uppercase; Differential “d”; Bibliographic archives in BibTEX form 213 Ukraine at BachoTEX 2019: Thoughts and impressions / Yevhen Strakhov Publishing 215 An experience of trying to submit a paper in LATEX in an XML-first world / David Walden 217 Studying the histories of computerizing publishing and desktop publishing, 2017–19 / David Walden Resources 229 TEX services at texlive.info / Norbert Preining 231 Providing Docker images for TEX Live and ConTEXt / Island of TEX 232 TEX on the Raspberry Pi / Hans Hagen Software & Tools 234 MuPDF tools / Taco Hoekwater 236 LATEX on the road / Piet van Oostrum Graphics 247 A Brazilian Portuguese work on MetaPost, and how mathematics is embedded in it / Estev˜aoVin´ıcius Candia LATEX 251 LATEX news, issue 30, October 2019 / LATEX Project Team Methods 255 Understanding scientific documents with synthetic analysis on mathematical expressions and natural language / Takuto Asakura Fonts 257 Modern Type 3 fonts / Hans Hagen Multilingual 263 Typesetting the Bangla script in Unicode TEX engines—experiences and insights Document Processing / Md Qutub Uddin Sajib Typography 270 Typographers’ Inn / Peter Flynn Book Reviews 272 Book review: Hermann Zapf and the World He Designed: A Biography by Jerry Kelly / Barbara Beeton 274 Book review: Carol Twombly: Her brief but brilliant career in type design by Nancy Stock-Allen / Karl
    [Show full text]