FIFTX-THI&D

ANNUAL REPORT

OF THE

AMERICAN BOARD OF COMMISSIONERS

FOB,

FOREIGN MISSIONS,

PRESENTED AT THE

MEETING HELD AT ROCHESTER, N. Y.

OCTOBER 6 — 9, 1 8 63.

BOSTON:

PRESS OF T. R. MARVIN & SON, 42 CONGRESS STREET. 1 8 6 3 .

MINUTES OP THE ANNUAL MEETING.

The American Board o f C ommissioners f o r Foreign Missions held its Annual Meeting at Rochester, New York, in the Brick Church, commencing Tuesday, October 6, at 4 o’clock, P. M ., and closing Friday, October 9, at 11 o’clock, A. M.

CORPORATE MEMBERS PRESENT.

Maine. Rhode Island. Benjamin Tappan, D. D. Thomas Shepard, D. D. George E. Adams, D. D. John Kingsbury, LL. D.

New Hampshire. Connecticut. Zedekiah S. Barstow, D. D. Joel Hawes, D. D. Nathaniel Bouton, D. D. Leonard Bacon, D. D. Gen. William Williams. Vermont. Samuel W . S. Dutton, D. D. Hon. Erastus Fairbanks. George Kellogg, Esq. Lewis H. Delano, Esq. Lucius Barbour, Esq. Massachusetts. Elisha L. Cleaveland, D. D. Calvin Day, Esq. Henry Hill, Esq. Rufus Anderson, D. D. New York. Rev. David Greene. Charles Stoddard, Esq. Nathan S. S. Beman, D. D. Aaron Warner, D. D. Reuben H. Walworth, LL. D. Mark Hopkins, D. D., LL. D. Diedrich Willers, D. D. Ebenezer Alden, M. D. David H. Little, Esq. Edward W . Hooker, D. D. Charles Mills, Esq. Ebenezer Burgess, D. D. Samuel H. Cox, D. D. Rev. Selah B. Treat. Ansel D. Eddy, D. D. Hon. Linus Child. William Wisner, D. D. Samuel M. Worcester, D. D. Hon. Henry W . Taylor. Augustus C. Thompson, D. D. John Forsyth, D. D. Hon. William T. Eustis. Hon. Calvin T. Hulburd. John Todd, D. D. Simeon Benjamin, Esq. James M. Gordon, Esq. Robert W . Condit, D. D. William S. Southworth, Esq. Samuel W. Fisher, D. D. Abner Kingman, Esq. Henry Smith, D. D. Hon. William Hyde. Walter S. Griffith, Esq. 4 ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BOARD. [ Report,

Oliver E. "Wood, Esq. Ohio. Montgomery S. Goodale, D. D. M. La Rue P. Thompson, D. D. Walter Clarke, D. D. T. P. Handy, Esq. Bay Palmer, D. D. Philemon H. Fowler, D. D. Indiana. Jacob M. Schermerhorn, Esq. John G. Atterbury, D. D. William E. Dodge, Esq. Jonathan B. Condit, D. D. James B. Shaw, D. D. Illinois. Rev. Aratas Kent. New Jersey. William H. Brown, Esq. Joel Parker, D. D. Pennsylvania. Iowa. Hon. William Strong. John C. Holbrook, D. D.

HONORARY MEMBERS PRESENT.

Maine. Rev. Nathan Bliss, Jr., Springfield. W . W. Woodbury, Portland. •Rev. H. M. Parsons, do. Calvin Lord, do. Erastus Hayes, do. Rev. Charles G. McCully, Milltown. 0 . W . W ilcox, do. Rev. John Lawrence, Wilton. M. A . W ilcox, do. Rev. William Warren, Gorham. Edw. Southworth, West Springfield. New Hampshire. Rev. Timothy Stowe, New Bedford. J. D. Hall, do. Benjamin P. Stone, D .D ., Concord. H. H. Childs, M. D., Pittsfield. Rev. Henry E. Parker, do. Rev. Charles Ray Palmer, Salem. Nathan H. Abbot, do. Rev. Charles H. Peirce_. Millbury. Rev. James Boutwell, Sanbornton. Rev. E. Y . Garrette, do. Rev.Erdix Tenney, Lyme. Richard Smith, South Danvers. Rev. Charles J. Hill, Nashua. Rev. Thomas A. Leete, Longmeadow. Rev. J. D. Pike, do. Ebenezer Rowe, Rockport. Vermont. Rev. J. E. Swallow, Woburn. J ames Barrett, Rutland. James Jones, Weymouth. Rev. H. M. Grout, W est Rutland. John W . Loud, do. Rev. Isaac Jennings, Bennington. Rev. Calvin Terry, North Weymouth. Rev. C. H. Hubbard, do. Richard Borden, Fall River. Rev. William N. Bacon, Queechey. Edward Buffington, do. Rev. J. F. Stone, Montpelier. Morton Eddy, do. Rev. J. T. Freeman, Windsor. Rev. Samuel Souther, Worcester. Rev. Joseph Torrey, Jr., Hardwick. David Whitcomb, do. Rev. T. Henry Johnson, Bethel. Rev. Cyrus Brewster, Haydenville. John W . Munyan, do. Massachusetts. David Howard, North Bridgewater. Rev. Edmund K. Alden, Boston Rev. S. B. Morley, Williamstown. T. K. Gage, do. Rev. Calvin Durfee, do. Daniel T. Coit, M. D. do. Rev. A. E. P. Perkins, Ware. Alvan Simonds, do. Erastus Taylor, South Hadley. Rev. J. W. Alvord, do. Charles H. Coffin, Newburyport. Warren Partridge, do. Herman Brown, do. Abner Kingman, Jr. do. C. M. Kendall, Chicopee. Nathan P. Lamson, do. Rev. Edwin Leonard, Rochester. Bdward B. Huntington, Roxbury. Rev. R. T. Robinson, Winchester. Rev. Thomas Laurie, West Roxbury. Alonzo Chapin, M. D. do. Nahum Gale, D.D., Lee. Pliny Kamer, South Egremont. Rev. D. T. Packard, East Somerville. Rev. S. M. Plimpton, Globe Village. 1863.] ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BOARD. 5

Rev. M. B. Angier, Stockbridge. Rev. Stephen Hubbell, No. Stonington. Joseph R. French, do. Jevemiah Taylor, D. D., Middletown. Rev. Henry Seymour, Hawley. Lewis A. Hyde, Norwich. .Rev. Solomon Clark, Plainfield. Rev. A. C. Denison, Portland. Rev. E. Y . Swift, Williamsburg. Rev. D. Butler, Groton. Rhode Island. Henry H. Brigham, Boylston. Rev. Lyman Whiting, Providence. Rev. George Trask, Fitchburg. Joseph W ood, Central Falls. C. A. Richardson, Chelsea. John A. Albro, D. D., Cambridge. New York. Rev. R. S. Kendall, Lenox. Rev. J. Ford Sutton, New York city. Warren Ordway, Bradford. Thomas Hastings, do. F . W . Choate, Beverly. Almon Merwin, do. O. E. Choate, do. C. S. Stewart, D. D. do. Rev. A. M. Colton, East Hampton. Rev. Seth Bliss, do. Rev. L. H. Sheldon, Westboro’. Rev. F. F. Ellinwood, Rochester. Rev. O. H. White, Jamaica Plain. J. F. Conklin, do. Rev. I. R. Worcester, Auburndale. William Slocomb, do. Rev. John P. Cushman, Brighton. Rev. R. DeFore6t, do. Rev. Thomas Bellamy, do. Connecticut. Rev. Richard Dunning, do. Rev. A. B. Smith, Southbury. Chauncey Parsons, do. Rev. James A . Clark, Cromwell. James Sperry, do. Rev. Lavalette Perrin, New Britain. Rev. Dwight W . Marsh, do. A. G. Bevin, East Hampton. Rev. C. C. Furman, do. Philo Bevin, do. Rev. C. P. Bush, do. Rev. E. P. Hammond, Vernon. Charles J. Hill, do. Allyn S. Kellogg, do. Edward D. Chapin, do. H . W . Talcott, do. Lewis S. Chapin, do. John Beach, Hartford. William W . Chapin, do. Rev. 0. D. Hine, Lebanon. John Marsh, D. D., Brooklyn. Rev. B. F. Northrop, Griswold. Rev. W . R . Tompkins, do. R. G. Vermilye, D. D., E. Windsor Hill. Samuel E. Warner, do. John N. Stickney, Rockville. Jonathan W . Hayes, do. Francis D. Perry, Southport. Jacob Van Vechten, D. D., Albany. Z. B. Wakeman, do. Rev. David Dyer, do. Rev. William II. Gilbert, Granby. F. E. Cannon, D. D., Geneva. Marcus McCall, Bozrah. Miles P. Squier, D. D. do. Rev. Samuel G. Willard, Willimantic. A. A. W ood, D. D. do. Rev. E. B. Huntington, Stamford. Rev. J. B. Richardson, do. R. E. Rice, do. Rev. Charles C. Carr, Horse Heads. Rev. John Smith, do. Rev. E. M. Toof, Holley. Rev. Elijah C. Baldwin, Bethel. Rev. Augustus Pomeroy, Groton. Rev. Alexander McLaren, Fairfield. George S. Beach, Binghamton. Rev. Martin Dudley, Easton. Rev. Peter Lockwood, do. Rev. Amos S. Chesebrough, Glastenbury. Rev. Sabin McKinney, do. Rev. Stephen A . Loper, Madison. Rev. H. N. Dunning, Gloversville. Rev. Edward Strong, New Haven. H. L. Smith, do. Mills Southworth, do. Alanson Judson, do. Samuel Miller, do. D. C. Mills, do. Rev. Hiram Bingham, do. Rev. Milton Waldo, Hornellsville. Henry P. Haven, New London. Rev. L. Brooks, Churchill. Rev. Frederick D. Avery, Columbia. Thomas Scovill, Cambria. Rev. A. C. Baldwin, Black Rock. Rev. Robert E. Willson, Clyde. Rev. Jacob G. Miller, Branford. I. M. Nichols, do. Rev. ThomaB Tallman, Groton. Rev. F. S. Howe, Watkins. 6 ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BOAED. [Report,

Rev. J. M. Ballou, Byron. Rev. John Dodd, Arcade. Rev. David Wilson, Port Byron. , Rev. N. Elmer, Stone Church. Rev. Luther Conklin, East Bloomfield. Rev. J. B. Hubbard, Whitesboro’. F. D. Beebee, do. Rev. S. N. Robinson, Sauquoit. Rev. Pliny F. Sanbome, W. Bloomfield. Rev. E. X. Manley, Boonville. Rev. Silas C. Brown, do. Rev. W . G. Hubbard, Wilson. A. H. Porter, Niagara Falls. Rev. Herman Halsey, East Wilson. S. H. Hall, D. D., Owego. Rev. A. E. Everest, Mooers. Rev. G. W . Lane, Moscow. Rev. William H. Webb, Homer. Rev. Dwight Soovel, Lakeville. Rev. James B. Beaumont, Olean. Rev. T. S. Potwin, Franklin. Rev. Aug. L. Chapin, Amsterdam. Rev. Ezra Jones, Canoga. Rev. E. H. Payson, Oxford. Rev. S. Gilbert, Hopkinton. Rev. B. B. Beckwith, Gouvemeur. Rev. John N. Hubbard, Hannibal. Rev. W. A. Niles, Corning. Rev. Pindar Field, Hamilton. Edward E. Seelye, D. D., Schenectady. Rev. Geo. R . H. Shumway, Newark. A. Van Santvoord, do. Rev. Joel Jewell, West Newark. Rev. Elijah W . Stoddard, Angelica. Rev. G. W . Higgins, Newfield. Rev. D. D. Gregory, Prattsburg. Rev. P. 0. Powers, Oneida Lake. Rev. W . D. Buckelew, Moresville. Rev. Alvan Nash, Islip. Rev. Moses H. Wilder, Gaines. Rev. Charles S. Marvin, East Pharsalia. Rev. Joseph R. Page, Perry. Rev. L. H. Van Dyck, Palatine Bridge. Sanford Cobb, Jr., Tarry town. David Bigelow, Malden. Rev. B. B. Gray, Seneca Castle. John C. F. Hoes, D. D., Kingston. Rev. J. S. Bacon, Amboy. Rev. J. E. Nassau, Warsaw. A. Boardman Lambert, D. D., Salem. Rev. George Freeman, Parma. Rev. Hiram Slauson, New Salem. Rev. Edwin Allen, Parma Centre. Rev. John Tompkins, Marcellus. Willard G. Davis, M. D., Dunnsville. Rev. Linus W . Billington, Barre Centre. Hon. John Fisher, Batavia. Rev. Jonathan Hovey, do. Rev. C. F. Mussey, do. Rev. Beaufort Ladd, Yictory. Stephen Ives, do. Edmund Browne, Burdett. Rev. Selden Haines, Middle Granville. Rev. Elias 1+ Boing, Durham. Rev. B. Bassler, Farmer. Rev. C. Kidder, Churchville. James H. Townsend, Fulton. Rev. E. D. Chapman, Sinclairville. Rev. E. Curtis, Sherburne. A. G. Yermilye, D. D., Utica. H . E. Curtis, do. Rev. Anson Gleason, do. H. M. Curtis, do. Rev. Hiram Harris, Webster. Rev. A. Crocker, King’s Ferry. Rev. Henry M. Hazleton, Sherman. N. W . Goertner, D. D., Clinton. Rev. W m. B. Hammond, Morrisville. Rev. A. DeWitt, Hoosic Falls. Rev. P. J. Burnham, Lyndonville. Rev. N. M. Clute, Oakfield. W . S. Little, do. Rev. W . B. Parmelee, Waterville. David Little, M. D. do. Rev. O. C. Beardsley, Albion. Francis W . Little, do. Rev. H. E. Niles, do. Rev. T. Morey Hodgman, York. Rev. S. W . Boardman, Auburn. Rev. Levi Parsons, Jr., Mt. Morris. S. M. Hopkins, D. D. do. Rev. Joseph L. Bennett, Lockport. J. S. Jewell, do. E. S. Wright, D. D., Fredonia. David Biggur, Auburn Theol. Seminary. Rev. C. F. Muzzy, Waverley. Rev. W. K. Boggs, do. Rev. Charles Goodrich, Penn Yan. Rev. George P. Folsom, Geneseo. Wm. S. Porter, do. Rev. Samuel Johnson, Chenango Forks. Rev. H. G. Ludlow, Oswego. Myron A. Holliston, do. O. H. Gregory, D. D., West Troy. Rev. Alfred North, Attica. Hugh T. Brooks, Wyoming. Rev. Josiah Partington, Youngstown. Rev. Timothy B. Jervis, Oriskany. Timothy Stillman, D. D., Dunkirk. Rev. Charles Chapman, Orange. Rev. W . A. Smith, Coventry. G. S. Boardman, D. D., Cazenovia. 1863.] ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BOARD. 7

S. Strmgham, Aurelias. Rev. W . H. Goodrich, Cleveland, Rev. Erastus S. Barnes, Munnsville. L. F. Mellen, do. Rev. Amos Brown, Havanna. A. L. Shepard, do. Rev. Charles H. Chute, do. R. W . B. McLellan, Fremont. Harlow Chapin, North Huron. Illinois. John A. Lansing, D. D ., Catskill. T. S. Clarke, D. D., Weeds port. Rev. J. Ambrose Wight, Chicago. M. B. R. MacAlpin, East Avon. Samuel Bliss, do.. Rev. L. A . Skinner, Westfield. Rev. H. M. Goodwin, Rockford. Rev. E. B. Turner, Morris. Rev. James P. Fisher, do. Rev. Wm. Town, Rose. Michigan. Rev. A. H. Parmelee, Livonia. Henry S. Baker, Adrian. Rev. David Tully, Ballston Spa. Rev. II. H. Northrop, Flint. John Barnard, D. D., Lima. Col. Thomas Mosely, Union City. ArthurBurtis, D. D., Buffalo. William S. Maynard, Ann Arbor. Jason Sexton, Esq. do. E. W . Morgan, do. Wm. Ives, do. Rev. James Hall, Detroit. Rev. Lewis F. Laine, Canisteo. Rev. Royal Mann, Pennfield. Wisconsin. Rev. F. Harrington, Big Flatts. Rev. A. G. Beebee, Manitowoc. Rev. Isaac G. Ogden, Postville. Rev. Luther Clapp, Wauwatosa. Rev. Sidney Mills, Lawrenceville. Rev. H. Dyer, Ogden. Iowa. Rev. Isaac Clarke, Elmira. Rev. C. H. Gates, Oskaloosa. Rev. S. T. Richards, Spencerport. Rev. J. M. Crittenden, Belmont. Canada. Rev. Charles 0. Reynolds, Hunter. Henry Lyman, Montreal, (C. E.) Benjamin Lyman, do. New Jersey. John Dougall, do. Rev. George B. Bacon, Orange. J. W . Howes, do. Rev. R. B. Campfield, Newark. Rey. John Campbell, Brock, (C. W .) Rev. Martin Luther Berger, E. Millston. Rev. R . Norton, St. Catharines, (C. W .) Z. B. Dodd, Bloomfield. Rev. Edward Ebbs, Paris, (C. W .) Rev. Isaac N. Sprague, Caldwell. Norman Hamilton, do. Winslow Ames, Jersey City. Rev. A. McCall, Drummondville, (C. W .)

Missionaries. Pennsylvania. Rev E. E. Bliss, Western Turkey. Rev. Jeremiah Miller, Philadelphia. Rev. Josiah Peabody, do. Rev. T. S. Johnston, do. Rev. Oliver Crane, do. Rev. John W . Mears, do. Rev. William Ireland, South Africa. Rev. Frank L. Robbins, .do. Rev. Silas McKinney, do. Rev. T. Sydenham Ward, Carbondale. Rev. L. H. Gulick, M. D., Micronesia. Rev. G. W . Cleaveland, Moorheadville. Rev. G. W . Coan, Persia. Rev. Samuel Whaley, Providence. F. N. H. Young, M.D., do. Joab Tyler, Harford. Rev. Daniel Bliss, Syria. Rev. J. Lorenzo Lyons, do. Ohio. Rev. Allen Hazen, Mahratta Mission. Rev. J. Keep, Oberlin. Rev. John E. Chandler, Madura. Alfred Beecher, do. Rev. Asher Wright, Seneca Mission. Rev. F. A. Wilber, Elyria. Rev. N. H. Pierce, do. 8 ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BOARD. [Report,

ORGANIZATION.

The meeting was called to order by the President of the Board, who took the chair at the appointed hour ; and Dr. E. W. Hooker, of Newburyport, Mass., led in prayer. The minutes of the last annual meeting were read. Rev. J. P. Fisher was appointed Assistant Recording Secretary.

Dr. Shaw, Dr. Dewey, Rev. F. F. Ellinwood, Rev. William Warren, and Rev. Chas. P. Bush were appointed a Committee of Arrangements.

A Business Committee was also chosen, consisting of Dr. Bacon, John Kingsbury, Esq., Rev. E. Tenney, J. M. Schermerhorn, Esq., and Dr. S. H. Hall.

t r e a s u r e r ’ s r e p o r t .

The Report of the Treasurer having been read, with the Audi­ tors’ certificate, it was referred to a committee consisting of Wm. H. Brown, Esq., Gov. Fairbanks, Hon. C. T. Hulburd, S. Benja­ min, Esq., and Hon. John Fisher; who subsequently reported as follows:—

The rigid examination to which the accounts of the Treasurer are subjected by the Prudential and Auditing Committees, at the Mission­ ary Rooms, relieves this committee very much from the responsibility of passing upon them at a time, and under circumstances, unfavorable to accurate investigation. Comparing the account submitted with the Treasurer’s Books, the committee are satisfied that the balance against the Board, of $6,184.95, is correct. "While it is to be regretted that the Board should commence a new year encumbered by a debt, though comparatively small, the com­ mittee recognize the goodness of God, in that, amidst the direful com­ motions of our nation, the great cause of Foreign Missions has not been forgotten, but still maintains its hold upon the sympathies of the churches of our blessed Redeemer. During the years of civil war, it is a matter of gratulation, that the resources of the Board have in no wise failed. There appears to be no diminution of missionary spirit and life, and with the blessing of God, that portion of the work of evangelizing the world which is committed to this Board, will, in God’s own time, be accomplished. 1863.] ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BOARD. 9

REPORT OF THE PRUDENTIAL COMMITTEE. An Abstract of the Annual Report of the Prudential Committee was read, and the various portions of the Report were referred to committees constituted in the following manner:

On the Home Department:—Dr. J. B. Condit, William E. Dodge, Esq., Gen. William Williams, L. H. Delano, Esq., Rev. A. E. P. Perkins, Rev. David Torrey, and Rev. A. PI. Parmelee. On the African Missions:— Dr. Dutton, Dr. J. C. Holbrook, Dr. O. H. Gregory, Rev. W. H. Goodrich, Rev. T. M. Hodgman, D. H. Little, Esq., and Rev. George B. Bacon. On the Missions to Greece and Syria:—Dr. Robert W . Condit, Dr. Daggett, Dr. Lambert, Dr. J. Taylor, Rev. Isaac Jennings, Rev. B. F. Northrop, and Rev. C. Terry. On the Missions to Western and Central Turkey:— Dr. George E. Adams, Dr. Todd, Dr. Goodale, Dr. E. S. Wright, Chas. Mills, Esq., Rev. Charles Ray Palmer, and Rev. George P. Folsom. On the Missions to the Nestorians and to Eastern Turkey :— Dr. Fowler, Dr. Atterbury, Rev. Richard Dunning, Rev. H. M. Parsons, Rev. T. Tallman, Rev. H. M. Goodwin, and John N. Stickney, Esq. On the Mahratta Mission:—Dr. Joel Parker, Dr. A. D. Eddy, Rev. Calvin Durfee, Dr. T. S. Clarke, Rev. D. Dyer, Dr. Stillman, and Rev. Solomon Clark. On the Tamil Missions:—Dr. Palmer, Dr. Gale, Rev. Lyman Whiting, Rev. William B. Hammond, Rev. C. II. Hubbard, Rev. Henry Seymour, and Rev. S. G. Willard. On the China Missions :— Dr. Fisher, Ebenezer Alden, M. D., Dr. Thomas Shepard, Dr. John Marsh, Rev. Isaac N. Sprague, Rev. D. D. Gregory, and Rev. Edward Strong. On the Sandwich Islands and Micronesia Missions:— Dr. Bacon, Judge Strong, Rev. D. Greene, Dr. Squier, John W. Loud, Esq., Dr. G. S. Boardman, and Rev. E. K. Alden. On the North American Indians:— Dr. Bouton, Rev. H. G. Ludlow, H. H. Child, M. D., Dr. Albro, Samuel Miller, Esq., T. P. Handy, Esq., and Rev. H. E. Niles.

The several committees reported during the progress of the meeting, mostly on the forenoon of Thursday, recommending that 1 0 ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BOARD. [Report, the portions of the Annual Eeport which had been referred to them respectively be accepted, and published as usual.

HOME DEPARTMENT— PROGRESS RECOMMENDED. The committee on that portion of the Annual Report relating to the Home Department, submitted the following remarks and Resolutions:

There are some facts of great interest in this Eeport, calling for the serious and prayerful consideration of the Board. W e notice, first, the want o f men. It is announced that “ but three, or at most four young men,” are under appointment to enter upon the missionary work during this year. This is the case when earnest appeals come from several missions for a reinforcement; when the work is growing on the hands of those who are already oppressed with their burdens ; and when some who have been long in the field, must soon cease from their labors. It is indeed a question of “ painful interest,” Where are the men to meet this pressing necessity ? Have the candidates for the ministry consecrated themselves to thi3 office on condition of staying at home ? In turning from the foreign field, do they represent the spirit of the churches from which they come? Perhaps some have received the impression that they would not be sustained. Per­ haps a few of those who have enlisted in the army, would have listened to the call to go as soldiers of the cross to other lands. But is there not reason to believe, that the spirit which must prompt to a mission­ ary consecration, is wanting ? The Report makes an appeal to those who have recently entered the ministry. Let that appeal be heard. And are there not those in the medical profession, who ought to seek a preparation to preach the gospel, and thus, doubly qualified to do good, give themselves to the missionary work ? W e call attention, next, to the finances of the Board. The debt at the end of the year is but a little more than $6,000. Though the vast expenditures of the war continue, and the cost of exchange has averaged about thirty-five per cent, the resources of those who love the cause of missions have not failed, and its demands have been met with an increased liberality. But these means would have come far short, if there had not been the most rigid economy in conducting the missions, and if the number of laborers had not been diminished. Tour committee believe that the church cannot afford to subject our missionaries to such restrictions in their work. There must be, speedily, a considerable increase of men. It has been said, in former years ; The time has come for an advance. Shall not this become a deep and operative conviction, to be carried out at once ? Let it be remembered, we cannot depend on legacies, or an occasional large 1863.] ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BOAHD. 11 donation; but the churches must furnish the means, in their regular, annual contributions. The committee recommend the adoption of the following Resolu­ tions :—

Resolved, 1. That we acknowledge with devout thanksgiving, the goodness of God in granting to this Board such a degree of financial prosperity during the last year. 2. That in view of God’s favoring providence, of the increased ability of the churches, of the necessity for a speedy reinforcement of several of our missions, and the importance of the present moment, to make what has been done available for more enlarged achievements, the Board expresses its conviction that at least $500,000 ought to be, and can be raised for the expenses of the current y ear; and the churches are earnestly solicited to recognize the privilege and the obligation to do it. 3. That we gratefully acknowledge another remittance of the Turk­ ish [Missions A id Society for the support of the native agency in Turkey ; and a contribution from the Free Church of Scotland, in aid of our missions in India and the Turkish Empire.

Dr. Condit, the chairman of the committee, followed the reading of the report and resolutions with effective remarks in support of the action recommended. Remarks were also made by William E. Dodge, Esq., Mr. Crane, from the Western Turkey mission, Dr. Anderson and others, when the report was accepted and the reso­ lutions adopted. Subsequently, on the last day of the meeting, a vote of the entire congregation was called for by Mr. Dodge, and was given by the rising of all, in token of their cordial approval and acceptance for themselves of the second resolution, respecting an effort to raise the sum of $500,000 for the expenses of the current year.

The committee on the African missions reported :

The committee to whom was referred that part of the Report of the Prudential Committee which relates to the Gaboon and Zulu missions, in Africa, have carefully examined it. They give to it their entire approbation, and recommend that it be approved by the Board. A s the question has been raised before the Board, whether it should not include within the province of African missions the emancipated and enslaved of the African race in this country, the committee would add— that they rejoice greatly, in common, doubtless, with the mem­ bers of the Board generally, in the glorious work of emancipation 12 ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BOARD. [Report, now going on in this country, under the sublime providence of God ; and they recognize, gratefully, the reason there is to hope for an increased interest in missions to Africa, in that increase of interest in the African race in our own country, which has been produced by the great martial conflict here, during the last two and a half years— a conflict closely implicated with their servitude and wrongs, and sure to result, as we should hope and pray, in their entire emancipation. But as the work of this Board is Foreign Missions, not Home M is­ sions, we do not see that it can include the African race in this country within the sphere of its operations, otherwise than by employ­ ing, as we hope it m aybe able to do in future years, in great numbers, missionaries who, from among the emancipated here, shall be prepared by education, and the renewing grace of God, for preaching the gospel to their own race in Africa. And this measure we recommend to the «onsideration and wisdom of the Prudential Committee and the Board.

The committee on the missions to Western and Central Turkey say in their report:

The committee have read the papers referred to them with care and deep interest. They can but commend the wisdom of the Pru­ dential Committee in sending Rev. Dr. W ood, Corresponding Secretary of the Board at New York, to supply, for a season, the lack of service occasioned by the weakening of the missionary force at Constantinople. They rejoice in the increase of native pastors, and in the growth in the churches of Christian liberality, and of the disposition and the effort to become self-sustaining. The Western Turkey mission still greatly needs reinforcement, by missionaries sent forth by the Board ; and there is also a loud call for a large increase in the number of native helpers. The jealousies and alienations which prevail to some extent among the members o f the Pera church, though now, it is thought, subsiding, are lamentable and injurious in their effects, yet we are not to be disheartened nor surprised by their existence. In the Central Turkey mission, seven of the fourteen churches have native pastors ; the most remarkable and gratifying liberality in sus­ taining the iustitutions of the gospel has been manifested; and not­ withstanding an actual diminution of the number of missionaries,— a fact greatly to be regretted, and calling loudly for the consideration o f Christians at home,— and a failure of health on the part of some still on the ground, there has been, through the blessing of God, a general progress in all parts of the field. The committee have discovered nothing to censure in the manage­ ment of these interesting and important missions, but on the contrary much that calls for commendation, and also many grounds for encour­ agement and thanksgiving to Almighty God. 1863.] ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BOARD. IS

The committee on the Eastern Turkey and the Nestorian mis­ sions remark: •

The committee congratulate the Board on the continued and ever- increasing progress of the work in Eastern Turkey, and trust that the reinforcement of the mission, renewedly and earnestly called for, may be speedily furnished. The grievous sufferings of the Xestorians from oppression and famine, and the threatening of a further interference with the efforts to introduce a pure gospel among them, commend them to the warmest sympathies of the Christian heart, and demand strong faith on the part of the earnest laborers among them, and of their friends in this country. The return of the venerable missionary, Rev. Dr. Perkins,- is an auspicious event in the present exigency of that afflicted people.

The report of the committee on the Tamil missions, was as follows :

The committee to whom was referred that part of the Annual Re­ port relating to the Tamil missions, are gratified to find that the returns from these missions afford decided evidence of healthful pro­ gress. They have noticed with special pleasure the efforts which the missionary brethren at Madura are making to carry out the wishes of the Board, expressed in former years, in respect to the preaching of the gospel by extensive tours among the villages, and the encouraging success which has attended these efforts; and they cannot but enter­ tain the earnest hope, that the additional men required for this service, — men thoroughly furnished, and ready to endure hardness as good soldiers of the cross,— may speedily be sent forth. It is evident, notwithstanding the many and great difficulties with which the brethren have to contend, that they have no reason for discouragement in their efforts to increase the efficiency, and to render more complete the organization and agencies of the mission. It is a great work to accomplish this, and there is need of patience on their part and ours ; and if the churches at home fall so far below the ideal of Christian churches, it is no wonder that the faith and hope of those who have the charge of churches such as these, should be often and sorely tried. The committee are glad to notice also, that the mission is doing what it can to encourage the study of the vernacular language instead of the English, which so many are eager to acquire. The more decided their influence is in this direction, the more in harmony will it be with the views which the Board has at various times ex­ pressed. In the work of preparing the churches for self-support, there

2 i 14 ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BOARD. [Report,

seems to be a real, though slow advance, and it may be hoped that, by persistent attention to the matter, the desired result may be attained ere long. Your committee see nothing lacking to the prosperity of the Tamil missions, but that which is so much needed every where in connection with the preaching of the gospel, viz :— the refreshing and life-giving power of the Holy Spirit of God. God grant this speedily!

The committee on the missions in China reported :

The committee on those portions of the Annual Report which respect the operations of the Board in China, would state that they present a , clear and satisfactory statement of our missionary work in that Em ­ pire. The missionaries, though surrounded with peculiar difficulties, have prosecuted their work with great diligence; and in proportion to the time they have been engaged, and the force employed, with a good degree of success. The Board now have in this field, 11 missionaries, 12 assistant missionaries, and 9 native helpers— occupying 4 stations and 4 out-stations. The work is evidently preparatory, while the openings for labor have multiplied far beyond the present power of this and all the other missionary associations of the Protestant world to enter and take advantage of them. The providence of God has an­ swered prayer, and opened the way for a great movement on the part of the Christian church, and for successful labor among the millions of this vast empire. The committee regret that no statistical report has been received from the Canton mission later than July, 1862. They would suggest the propriety of having the technical Chinese terms, employed by the missionaries, translated into English, or at least into Latin or Greek, since, owing to the present defective state of education, they are not able to master them without an interpreter.

TREATMENT OF THE DAK.OTAS. The committee on the missions among the North American Indians say: The committee have been deeply interested in the narrative of our missionaries among the Dakotas, respecting the important events which have transpired among those Indians the past year, and desire to direct attention to the causes of the late butchery of the whites by the savages of this tribe, as understood by our missionaries on the spot, and also to the conduct of the officers of our Government, in pun­ ishing them for these enormities. Without railing accusation, but with gentle and modest expression, 1863.] ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BOARD. 15 we are made to see that want of attention to well known Indian traits of character has assisted to bring on this catastrophe ; for Indians only weigh results, and are poor judges of causes. Oppression and neglect have evidently characterized muck of the conduct towards them, by the agents of our Government. Your committee cannot but regret to learn, that the agents of Gov­ ernment have thought proper to cause the transportation of 1,300 Dakotas and 1,800 Winnebagoes, to a desolate region on the Missouri River, where it is impossible to grow anything to sustain life;— as if their only object was to destroy them for the purpose of vengeance, and to prevent the further annoyance by them of the whites, either by indiscriminate massacre, or by occupying lands which white men covet for cultivation or speculation. Such treatment of uncivilized men is unworthy of a civilized and Christian nation. Again,— The refusal of a military officer of our Government to allow one of our self-denying Christian missionaries to visit impris­ oned and condemned Indians, for the sole purpose of administering to them Christian instruction and consolation, is considered by us an offense against the Christianity, civilization and humanity of the age. W e have deemed it not improper to direct the public attention to acts like these by our Government agents, in a land where all power is from the people, and public opinion, whether enlightened or unen­ lightened, must govern. The hearts of all Christians have been gladdened by the outpouring of his Holy Spirit, by the God and Father of us all, in so remarkable a manner, upon the more than three hundred imprisoned and con­ demned Dakotas; and our earnest prayer to God should be, that he will show his glorious power and boundless mercy, in the salvation of every one of these heathen, so strangely baptized into his name in their fetters.

AMENDMENT OF THE ACT OF INCORPORATION. The Home Secretary, in behalf of the Prudential Committee, presented the following paper:

The Act of the General Court of Massachusetts, passed in 1812; which gave a corporate existence to the American Board of Commis­ sioners for Foreign Missions, empowered the same to hold real estate, “ in fee simple or otherwise,” not exceeding $4,000 “ in yearly value,” and personal estate, the “ yearly income” of which should not exceed $8,000. A s the operations of the Board have extended far beyond the limits which were at first contemplated, it is supposed that doubts may possibly arise, under one or both of these restrictions. For 1 6 ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BOARD. [Report, example; it may be claimed that the property in the occupancy of the missionaries at their various stations, held “ in fee simple or otherwise,” is already of greater yearly value than $4,000. It may also be claimed, that, in ascertaining whether “ the yearly income ” of the personal estate exceeds $8,000, the yearly income of the current receipts (or some part thereof) should be taken into the account. Hence, to avoid any question that might arise in coming years, and not with any intention of seeking an increase of the Permanent Funds of the Board, the Com­ mittee requested the General Court of Massachusetts, at its last session, to enlarge the limitations which have been mentioned. In view of the fact that the American Bible Society, and the British and Foreign Bible Society, have abundant means for printing and distributing the Scriptures in the different missionary fields, it seemed to be desirable that the provision in the Act of Incorporation which requires that “ one quarter part of the annual income from the funds of the Board shall be ” “ appropriated to defray the expense of impart­ ing the Holy Scriptures to unevangelized nations in their own lan­ guages,” should undergo some modification. For this reason, the Committee also asked the General Court to relieve the Board from the necessity of expending a specified proportion of its income in this par­ ticular method, so that the amount to be disbursed may be treated hereafter as discretionary. The Committee made this request, not from any design to change their practice in this regard, but for the sake of “ abundant caution.” The success of this application to the General Court will appear from the amending Act, which is herewith submitted ; and the Board can accept or reject the same, as its wisdom shall dictate.

AN ACT in addition to an Act to incorporate the American Board of Commis­ sioners for Foreign Missions.

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives in Gen­ eral Court assembled, and by the authority of the same, as follows :— S e c t i o n 1. The American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions are hereby authorized to take, receive, have and hold, in fee simple or otherwise, lands, tenements or hereditaments, by gift, grants, ‘ or otherwise, for the purposes of their organization, not exceeding the yearly value of thirty thousand dollars ; and may also take and hold, by donation, bequest, or otherwise, personal estate to an amount the yearly income of which shall not exceed fifty thousand dollars, anything in their Act of Incorporation to the contrary notwithstanding. S e c t . 2. Said American Board of Commissioners for Foreign M is­ sions shall not be under obligation, by reason of the seventh section of their Act of Incorporation, to appropriate any part of the income of 1863.] ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BOARD. 17

their funds to defray the expense of imparting the Holy Scriptures to unevangelized nations in their own languages, unless they shall deem it advisable so to do, or shall be so required by the express terms of any grant, donation or bequest made to them. S e c t . 3. This A ct shall take effect upon its passage.

House o f Representatives, April 25, 1863. Passed to be enacted. A . H . B ullock, Speaker.

In Senate, April 25, 1863. Passed to be enacted. J. E. F ie l d , President. April 27, 1863. A pproved. J ohn A . A n d r e w .

Secretary’s Department, Boston, Sept. 22, 1863. I hereby certify the foregoing to be a true copy of the original Act.

A ttest: O l iv e r W a r n e r , Secretary of the Commonwealth.

The matter thus presented was referred to the committee on the Home Department, who reported the following resolution, which was adopted : Resolved, That the recent Act of the Legislature of Massachusetts, approved on the 27th day of April, 1863, entitled “ A n Act in addition to an Act to incorporate the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions,” is hereby accepted, and its provisions adopted as a part of the Charter of this Board.

VISIT OF DR. ANDERSON TO THE SANDWICH ISLANDS. On Wednesday, Dr. Anderson, recently returned from a visit to the Sandwich Islands, addressed the Board with reference to the condition of the Hawaiian people. Remarks were also made by Rev. H. Bingham, one of the first company of missionaries to the Islands, Dr. Charles S. Stuart, chaplain of the U. S. Navy, for­ merly a missionary there, and others. Dr. Anderson also read the following portions of his intended full Report, which he had not been able, as yet, wholly to prepare.

Organization o f the Civil Community.

The Civil Community received its organization in the reign of Kamehameha I H ., between the years 1838 and 1853. The Govern­ ment, before that time, was a despotism, with nothing to restrain the power of the K in g ; and the higher chiefs were all despots in their 1 8 ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BOABD. [Report,

smaller spheres. The King was the virtual owner of the lands, and had the power of life and death. N o man’s possessions, not even those of the highest chiefs, were secure, and of course none thought of improv­ ing the land. In 1839, the King signed a Bill of Eights ; and in the next year, he conferred on the people a constitution, dividing the powers of government between the King, the legislature, and the judges. There is no question that, in this important introductory step to the present liberties of the Hawaiian people, the King was much influenced by his chosen interpreter and friend, the Eev. William Eichards. The con­ stitution provided that the laws of the Islands should all be in ac­ cordance with the general spirit of God’s W ord. Under this constitu­ tion, a chief was tried for murder and hanged,— an unprecedented event,— which must have given it great moral force. In 1844, a member of the legal profession was appointed Attorney General, and instructed to revise the constitution, and also to prepare a code of laws adapted to the condition of the people at that time. This took effect in 1845. Protestantism was then re-proclaimed as the religion of the Government, but with no connection between church and state. The Sabbath was recognized as a day of rest from secular labor ; different Christian denominations were to be treated impartially ; the laws abolishing idol-worship and ancient heathen customs, were re-enacted ; and the people were secured in their right to own and cultivate lands. The King, in his speech from the throne, on the introduction of the constitution and code of 1845, gave utterance to the following memo­ rable declaration : “ I am well aware, that the Word of God is the corner-stone of my kingdom. Through its influence, we have been introduced into the family of the independent nations of the earth. It shall therefore be my constant endeavor to govern my subjects in the fear of the Lord ; to temper justice with mercy in the punishment of crime, and to reward industry and virtue.” In 1852, a new constitution was prepared by three commissioners,— D r. Judd, John Ii, (now the native Judge on the bench of the Supreme Court,) and Chief Justice Lee. That is the existing constitution, and under its present enlightened Head, it insures to the people all needed security and freedom. Probably in no government of Christendom, are property and life more secure. Nor does history record a more signal instance than the one above described, of the voluntary sur­ render of power by despotic rulers, purely from regard to the welfare and happiness of their people.

Organization o f the Protestant Christian Community.

M y visit to the Sandwich Islands was eleven years after the com- Jjteted organization o f the civil community ; which had made the 1863.] ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BOARD. 19 people self-governing in respect to their material and secular interests, and was found to work well. None but lovers of irresponsible, des­ potic power, can regret the liberty thus conceded to the people. I went to the Islands with the impression, which was also entertained by the Prudential Committee, that the time had probably arrived for giving compactness and efficiency to the Protestant Christian commu­ nity, and for devolving upon it the responsibilities of self-government in all its ecclesiastical matters ; thus preparing the way for committing to its direction the working of its religious charities. Should it appear that the missionaries had been deficient in the training of the people for this result, then it might be feared, considering the delicacy and difficulty of the enterprise, and the advanced age of most of the mis­ sionaries, that there would not be superintending power enough left to insure success. W hat I saw in my progress through the Islands, and still more what I heard from my brethren, awakened both hope and fe a r; but it satisfied me, that the arrangement agreed upon by the General Meeting, while we were all assembled at Honolulu, was the best that could be made. Indeed I felt quite sure, that if the native clergy and people were not soon to have as much agency conceded to them in the management o f their religious affairs as they already had in the affairs of the state, serious evils must ere long arise; nor could I see prudential reasons for a longer delay. That reverence for mis­ sionary authority, which was in some sense inherited from the chiefs, could not long survive the relinquishment of authority by the chiefs themselves ; nor was its continuance deemed favorable to the creation of a self-reliant, self-governing, self-supporting Christian community. The object we had in view could no more be attained by half-way measures, than could have been that which the former king and chiefs had in view in the civil department. The object was, indeed, substantially the same in both cases, namely, self-government. That was the immediate object,— leaving the matter of self-support to come, if it ever came, not as the immediate result of any possible measures, but of progress in civilization. Self-government and self-support are by no means inseparable in a religious community; as is seen over large portions of our Western States, and indeed in many of the less favored districts in all our States. Various ends were to be secured. The very delicate relations of the foreign and native pastors were to be adjusted, so as to leave no conflicting interests. A method of self-government was to be devised, which should be efficient, and at the same time acceptable to the native pastors and churches. The Protestant churches on the differ­ ent Islands, though separated by rough ocean channels, were to be made to feel as one body in Christ, and one in interest, by means of appropriate bonds of union. It had become needful, moreover, that 20 ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BOARD. [Report,

a far heavier responsibility should be made to rest on that community; that it should become self-governing in the largest sense, and assume the whole direction of the work of building up Christ’s kingdom on the Saudwich Islands, and on the islands farther w est; while it should be relieved of the support of the old missionaries, and assured of such pecuniary aid, from time to time, as would enable and embolden it to assume the new responsibilities. The brethren assembled from their different Islands early in June, as “ The Hawaiian Evangelical Association,” with this impression general among them,— that the Protestant community ought to be organized for self-government and efficient action. They occupied the entire month with their deliberations ; and whatever diversities of opinion there may have been at the outset, the results were all reached with the most gratifying unanimity. These results are embodied in nine reports, which were drawn up after the subjects had been discussed. These will be laid before the Board ; but the more important results, so far as they relate to the organization of the Protestant Christian community, may be briefly stated thus :

1. The large churches are to be divided, with reference to con­ venient territorial limits ; the missionaries retaining the pastoral care of the central churches, where circumstances favor it, while native pastors are to be placed over the others as fast as possible. 2. Native pastors and laymen are to be associated with those of foreign birth or origin, in all the religious working bodies on the Islands. 3. While the old missionary, from his age, experience, and superior attainments, will inevitably continue to exert a considerable influence on the churches and pastors near him, the ecclesiastical control is to be exclusively with the Island bodies. Those local bodies are to organize the churches ; define their territorial lim its; ordain and install the pastors, and remove them when it is desirable so to d o ; and their supervision extends to doctrine, discipline, and practice. The details of this supervision are left, in a considerable degree, to the ecclesiastical bodies of the several Islands, and from their decision there is, ordinarily, to be no appeal; though the Island organization, as a body, will of course be allowed to refer cases o f particular diffi­ culty to the central body, meeting annually at Honolulu, for its advice and counsel. The missionaries thus divest themselves of a governing power, which they have exercised from the beginning, and which was as needful for those infant churches at first, as it is for a young fam ily; and they relinquish it in order to the still higher training of the infant 1863.] ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BOARD. 21

Christian community. But the immaturity of religious life on those Islands, is still such as to create the necessity for continuing a religious superintendence, by means of the local, self-governing, ecclesiastical bodies ; to which the pastors, foreign and native, all belong, and in which the churches are represented by lay delegates, though the bodies differ considerably from cach other in form and name. The questions were all necessarily viewed, discussed, and determined from the missionary stand-point, rather than from the ecclesiastical; since the native religious community, as a whole, lias not yet risen to the level of our denominational discussions and proceedings. 4. The foreign and native pastors at the Sandwich Islands are to belong to the same ecclesiastical bodies. This is because of the pecu­ liar state of things at the Islands. They have been Christianized. The missionaries have become citizens; and in a technical sense, they are no longer inissionaries, but mere pastors of churches, on a parity with the native pastors. The objections, therefore, do not apply to them, which lie against missionaries elsewhere becoming members of native ecclesiastical bodies. 5. The Hawaiian Evangelical Association,— which has heretofore consisted of the missionaries of the American Board on the Sandwich Islands, together with other evangelical ministers of foreign birth who sympathize with them in their labors,— is henceforth to consist of all clergymen, both native and foreign, of the Congregational and Pres­ byterian orders, on the Sandwich, Micronesian, and Marquesas Islands ; of lay delegates appointed annually by the local ecclesiastical bodies ; and of such laymen as may be elected, from time to time, by a two-thirds vote. 6. A Hawaiian Board has been formed, to be called “ The Board of the Hawaiian Evangelical Association ; ” and to consist of a Cor­ responding Secretary, and Treasurer, Avho are to be chosen annually by the Association, and not less than eighteen members, one-third of whom are to be natives. One-third go out of office annually, but may be re-elected. It is the duty of this Board to perform any agency requested of it by the Prudential Committee, in respect to the support of foreign missionaries of the American Board, and the education of their children at the Islands ; to take charge of Home Missions ; of the education of native ministers, and of females, who may become teachers and the wives of pastors ; of the preparation, publication, and circulation of useful books and tracts ; and of For­ eign Missions, so far as the conduct of them from the Sandwich Islands shall be found practicable and expedient; with the disburse­ ment of all funds contributed for these objects, from whatever source. 7. Inasmuch as grants from the American Board and the American churches, in aid of the several great objects committed to the Hawaiian ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BOARD. [Report,

Board, will be needed, to some extent, for years to come, it was pro­ vided that the Evangelical Association, its Board, and its ministers of foreign birth or descent, shall continue, as heretofore, to write freely and fully to the Foreign Secretary of the American Board, in order that the interests of the American churches on the Islands may be sustained, and the American Board be enabled to make the needed grants ;— it being understood that the channels of communication with the American churches will remain open to the brethren residing on the Islands, as heretofore. 8. The deliberations of the Hawaiian Evangelical Association, and also of the Hawaiian Board, are to be conducted in the Hawaiian lan­ guage ; and the records of their proceedings are to be kept both in Hawaiian and English. 9. Should the American Board" assent, the responsibilities of that Board, for directing the work at the Sandwich Islands, and also in Micronesia, will be assumed by the Hawaiian Board. 10. In order that there may hereafter be no unnecessary hindrance to dividing the great churches, multiplying native pastors, and obtain­ ing their support from the native community, the American Board, after the year 1863, is to resume the support of the old missionaries ; which has rested, in part, for some years past, on the native churches. 11. The American Board is to be open for a time,— the length of which cannot be foreseen,— to applications from the Hawaiian Board, for such grants-in-aid as that Board shall need in the several depart­ ments o f its labor. 12. A s at present advised, the American Board will not be expected to send more laborers to the Sandwich Islands from the United States; the hope being entertained, that the children of the missionaries will be able and disposed, through the grace of God, to do all that is need­ ful in the case. 13. The Micronesia mission is no longer to be an organized body. The missionary work there, excepting that upon Ponape, is to be car­ ried on, hereafter, chiefly by means of native Hawaiian missionaries, who are to be visited periodically by agents of the Hawaiian Board. I f Ponape continue to be cultivated, it is to be mainly as the centre of a future mission to the islands farther west.

Such, in brief, is the organization of the Protestant Christian Com­ munity at the Sandwich Islands. Some additional statements are necessary to complete the view. The children of the missionaries at the Oahu College, on recommendation of their parents, are to give a prescribed attention to the Hawaiian language, as a condition of their receiving aid at the College from the funds of the American Board. Arrangements have been made for graduates of the Native College at 1863.] ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BOARD. 23

Lahainaluna, of suitable talents and character, to spend a year with M r. Alexander, at Wailuku, in theological studies, preparatory to the gospel ministry; and it is expected that others of the old missionaries will take theological students, after the manner formerly prevalent in this country. A boarding-school for native females is to be com­ menced in a house owned by the American Board at Kau, in the southern part of Hawaii, in the hope of raising up suitable persons to become teachers, and the wives of native pastors ; and there will be an effort to educate females in this manner, on other Islands. The principal departments of labor in connection with the Pi’otestant Community are four,— Home Missions, Foreign Missions, Education, and Publications,— and the Hawaiian Board has four committees, cor­ responding to these four departments. All these departments, except the first, have been in a languishing condition ; but it is expected that these committees, acting in connection with Rev. L . II. Gulick, whom the Hawaiian Board has elected its Corresponding Secretary, will suc­ cessfully press the Hawaiian churches,— now relieved from the support of their missionary fathers,— to an active and vigorous prosecution of their work in all its departments.

Action o f the Prudential Committee. The following Minute, adopted by the Prudential Committee, was also read:

The sub-committee, appointed to consider and report a suitable Minute with reference to the late visit of Dr. Anderson to the Sand­ wich Islands, and its results, consisting of Messrs. Child and Aiken, recommended the following, which was adopted by the Prudential Committee, September 29, 1863 :—

Dr. Anderson having recently returned from a visit to the Sandwich Islands, which he made at the special request of the Prudential Com­ mittee, accompanied by his wife and daughter, (the two latter going at private expense,) for the purpose of ascertaining, by personal inter­ course with the missionaries, the members of their churches, and the people generally to whom they had ministered, more fully than could be done in any other way, the real condition of the people, the state of the churches, and the character of their members, and witnessing on the ground the results effected among the people of the Islands by the power and Spirit of God, through the labors of the missionaries ; for the further purpose of freely conferring and advising with the mission­ aries, and with members of the Hawaiian churches, upon the present condition and future prospects of the missionary work there, and de­ vising such plans of future action, as should bring the native churches, as speedily as possible, into what is believed to be the natural order in u ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BOARD. [Report, such cases, (1 ), to a condition of self-government, and (2 ), by means of the greater activity and earnestness which would be developed by this self-government, to a condition of complete self-support; and, also, for the purpose of determining, by such free conference with the mis­ sionaries, what may best be their future relations to the Board and its w ork; and Dr. Anderson having, since his return, orally and in writing, made a report to the Committee respecting his mission and its results; and having prepared, to be submitted to the Board at its approaching meeting, a portion of liis intended full Report, embracing the two following topics, to w it: (1 ), The Organization o f the Civil Community, and ( 2 ) , The Organization o f the Protestant Christian Community, at the Islands; — the Committee deem it expedient to place upon record their matured conviction in relation to said mission of the Secretary and its results, as expressed in the following resolutions:—

1. Resolved, That the recent mission of Dr. Anderson to the Sand­ wich Islands was wise and seasonable; and that Mrs. Anderson ren­ dered most important aid, by enabling him to obtain fuller knowledge of the real character and condition of the people than could have been procured without the information derived from her free and intimate intercourse with the female portion of the population. 2. Resolved, That the course pursued by Dr. Anderson at the Islands, as reported by him, was eminently wise and successful; that his do­ ings, and the plans adopted by the brethren at the Islands, acting with his counsel and advice, for the future prosecution of their work, are cordially approved and sanctioned; and that, for the wisdom and suc­ cess granted to the Secretary and his fellow-laborers at the Islands, thanks should be rendered to our gracious Lord, who has promised to be always with his servants, when they go forth to teach the nations. 3. Resolved, That while it does not appear, from the report of the plans and measures adopted, and the proceedings had during the late visit of the Secretary, that the Protestant Christian community of the Islands has attained to the position of complete self-support, as to its religious institutions, there is yet ample occasion for gratitude to God for his signal blessing upon this mission, since the Secretary is per­ mitted to report, that it has attained to such a degree of capacity for self-government, as to render it expedient that it should now assume, not only the management of its own ecclesiastical matters and its re­ ligious charities, but the responsibility of directing the future prosecu­ tion of the work for building up the Redeemer’s kingdom at the Sand­ wich Islands, and extending it into Micronesia. 4. Resolved, That the proposition made by the Protestant Christian community at the Sandwich Islands, who have organized a working Board, called “ The Board of the Hawaiian Evangelical Association,” 1863.] ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BOARD. 25 to relieve tlie American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions, and the American churches, from the responsibility of future oversight and direction in the work referred to in the foregoing Resolution,— upon the condition, that it may have the privilege of applying to the American Board for such grants-rin-aid as it shall need in its several departments of labor, and as the Board shall be able and judge it wise to give,— is hereby accepted by this Committee upon the condi­ tion specified ; it being understood, that this plan in respect to Micro­ nesia, will not go into effect until the brethren now in those Islauds, who have not been heard from on the subject, have the opportunity to communicate their views to the Prudential Committee. And this Committee joyfully commits to the Board of the Hawaiian Evangelical Association the future care and direction of this evangelizing work iu those Islands ; and hereby concedes to that Board the right of apply­ ing for grants-in-aid, as specified iu said proposition. [>. Resolved, That the Committee having proposed, in December last, to the former missionaries now at the Sandwich Islands, to afford them, from the funds of the American Board, such salaries as shall be needful, in addition to their several private incomes, for their com­ fortable support ; thus relieving the native churches from any further contributions for this purpose, and removing a serious obstacle to in­ creasing the number of native churches and pastors, and to obtaining a support for these pastors from the native community ; and the mis­ sionaries having acceded to this proposition, and the amount of their respective salaries having been agreed upon by them, at the late meet­ ing of the Hawaiian Evangelical Association at which Dr. Anderson was present,— the Committee hereby assents to the several salaries, as thus agreed upon. 6. Resolved, That while we would render devout thanks to our gracious Lord for what he has been pleased to do at the Sandwich Islands, and for the great success he has given to the labors of our missionaries among that once degraded people, we remember, and would remind the friends of missions, that much remains to be accom­ plished, and that there is now, and will long continue to be, great occa­ sion for watchfulness and earnest prayer against impending evils ; and we ask of the friends of Christ everywhere, continued supplication for the divine blessing upon the labors of his servants in this interesting portion of the vineyard of the Lord. 7. Resolved, That the proceedings of the Hawaiian Evangelical Association, at its recent meeting, at which the Secretary Avas present, together with the reports made to that meeting for the use of its mem­ bers, and the full Report by Dr. Anderson of his late visit to the Islands, and also this Minute, be printed for the use of the Board. 3 26 ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BOARD. [Report,

Report o f a Committee o f the Board. These documents, together with the nine reports presented to the recent meeting of the Hawaiian Evangelical Association, embody­ ing the results of deliberations at the Islands, were referred to the committee on the Sandwich Islands and Micronesia missions. This committee subsequently presented the following report and resolu­ tions. The resolutions were adopted:

The committee on the Sandwich Islands and Micronesia missions, to whom was referred the special communication from the Prudential Committee, with the accompanying documents, concerning the late mission of Secretary Anderson to the Sandwich Islands, respectfully report, that having considered the matters referred to them, they recommend the adoption of the following resolutions.

1. Resolved, That the sending of Dr. Anderson, by the Prudential Committee, to the Sandwich Islands, for the purpose of personal inter­ course with the missionaries and pastors there, and of observing the actual condition both of the churches that have been established in that lately heathen land and of the nation that has been lifted up from the lowest barbarism to civilization ; and for the purpose of aiding, by personal conference and consultation, in the arrangement of new rela­ tions between the Board and the missionaries and churches there, seems to have been necessary, and is hereby sanctioned and approved. 2. Resolved, That the arrangement by which the support of native pastors and evangelists in the Sandwich Islands, and of the whole work of home evangelization there, is to devolve henceforth upon the Christian people of those Islands, while the support of the surviving missionaries, instead of being divided, as heretofore, between the churches to which they minister and the Board by which they were sent forth, is to devolve upon the Board, is hereby sanctioned and approved. 3. Resolved, That the arrangement by which the Micronesia mis­ sion is transferred from the immediate superintendence of the Pruden­ tial Committee of this Board to that of the Board of the Hawaiian Evangelical Association, is hereby sanctioned and approved ; and that the Prudential Committee are hereby authorized and instructed to aid the foreign missions of that Board by such grants of money as the exigencies of their work in Micronesia or in Polynesia may require, and the contributions to our treasury may justify ; always requiring, from year to year, so long as such grants shall be continued, a full report of the manner in which they are expended and of the condition and progress of those missions. 1863.] ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BOARD. 27

4. Resolved, That, in taking this additional step toward the conclu­ sion of our work in the Sandwich Islands, we record anew our grate­ ful and adoring sense of the marvelous success which our missionaries there have been enabled to achieve by the blessing of God, to whom be all the glory. 5. Resolved, That while we rejoice, with all our surviving mission­ aries, in the results of which we and the world are witnesses, we offer our special congratulations to the two venerable fathers of the mission, the Rev. Hiuam Bingham, and the Rev. A sa Thurston, who, having been consecrated and commended to the grace of God for that work by our predecessors, forty-four years ago, are still among the living, to praise God with us and with all the saints, for this great victory of the gospel, and to say, ‘ Lord, now lettest thou thy servants depart in peace, according to thy word, for our eyes have seen thy salvation.’

On Friday, Dr. Bacon, in behalf of the Business Committee, reported the following

MINUTE

Concerning the Progress of the Civil War, as related to the Work of Missions and the Progress of Christ's Kingdom.

This Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions, assembled for the annual survey of its work and of the field, cannot but recognize again, as in its last annual meeting and in that of the preceding year, the civil war which a causeless and cruel rebellion is waging against the divinely ordained self-government, the unity, and the life of the American people.

I. First of all we record, with devout acknowledgment of God’s mercy, the fact that in the midst of the sacrifices and struggles which the nation is making for its own life, and for the welfare of mankind in coming ages, the churches which heretofore have made this Board their almoner, are still able and willing to proceed with undiminished force in the work of spreading the gospel through the world ; so that the contributions to our treasury are increasing, and our missionaries have experienced no other embarrassment than that which arises from the success and progress of their work, outstripping the progress of missionary zeal and self-denial in the churches that have sent them.

II. Nor is it any less a matter of thankfulness to God on our part, that under his holy providence, controlling the progress of events, the ulti­ mate and entire abolition of slavery on the North American continent is henceforth, as all men see and know, an inevitable and not distant result of the war which was begun for the purpose of securing an in­ definite perpetuation and extension of slavery, by the establishment 28 ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BOARD. [Report,

of an empire with slavery for its corner-stone. Without offering or implying any opinion on questions of constitutional right or of military necessity, we do rejoice, yea, and will rejoice, in the certain overthrow of that hideous injustice which has been the great opprobium of our nation, the great demoralizing influence in our government, and the great obstacle in the way of all Christian enterprises and institutions, and which, by converting millions of human beings into the material of a horrible traffic, and by the persistent denial of all human rights to millions of souls for whom Christ died, has made this purifying of our land with fire a Divine necessity.

III. W e also record our grateful acknowledgment of the enlarged opening which has been made for evangelical labors, in the fact that, since our last annual meeting, hundreds of thousands who were slaves one year ago, have obtained a complete emancipation, and in the cer­ tainty that the obstacles which have hindered the evangelization and Christian civilization of the African race in our country are to be completely removed. While we, as a Board of Foreign Missions, are unable to enter into the field thus opened in our country, we rejoice that others are already entering in, whose labors, crowned with God’s blessing, will provide new instruments and agencies to be employed by us, and by other Foreign Missionary institutions, for sending the Gospel to all the nations and tribes of the African continent.

This Minute was adopted without a dissenting voice.

ABSENT MEMBERS. Letters were communicated from Hon. William Jessup, Vice President of the Board, Dr. William Adams, Dr. J. K. Young, Dr. J. F. Stearns, Dr. Checkering, L. A. Smith, M. D., and others, expressing unabated intei'est in the work of the Board, and their regret in being unable to be present at the meeting.

NEW MEMBERS AND OFFICERS. The following persons were appointed a committee on New Members and Officers, viz : Hon. H. W. Taylor, Dr. Tappan, Dr. Edward W. Hooker, Hon. Linus Child, W. S. Griffith, Esq., Hon. William Hyde, and O. E. Wood, Esq. This committee reported, recommending for election as members of the Board,

Joseph Perkins, Cleveland, Ohio. Frederick Starr, Rochester, N . Y . Oliver E . Daggett, D . D ., Canandaigua, N . Y . 1863.] ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BOARD. 29

Rev. Robert R. Booth. New York city. George L. Prentiss, D. D. do. Zebuion S. Ely, do. Richard S. Storrs, Jr., D. D ., Brooklyn, N. Y. Hon. Samuel Miller, New Haven, Conn. Wm. A . Stearns, D. D., LL. D., Amherst, Ms. Edwards A. Park, D. D., Andover, Ms.

And these persons were elected. For officers of the Board, the committee recommended the fol­ lowing persons, who were elected for the year.

M a r k H o p k in s , D. D., L L . D., President. Hon. W il l ia m J e s s u p , LL. D., Vice President. C h a r l e s S t o d d a r d , Esq. J o h n T a p p a n , Esq. N e h e m ia h A d a m s , D. D. A u g u s t u s C . T h o m p s o n , D . D . Hon. W il l ia m T. E u s t i s , Hon. J o h n A ik e n , Henry H ill, Esq. )■ Prudential Committee. W a l t e r S. G r i f f i t h , Esq. A l p h e u s H a r d y , Esq. Hon. L in u s C h il d , W il l ia m S. S o u t h w o r t h , Esq. Rev. A l b e r t B a r n e s , Rev. R o b e r t R . B o o t h , J I G e o r g e W . W o o d , D. D., Corresponding Sec’ry, resident in New York. S a m u e l M. W o r c e s t e r , D. D., Recording Secretary. J a m e s M . G o r d o n , Esq., Treasurer. Moses L. Ham, Esq. 1 Hon* o A M U E L M» W A L LET^ j

The same committee also recommended the adoption of the fol­ lowing resolution, and it was adopted, viz:

Resolved, That the Recording Secretary annually notify all the Cor­ porate Members of the time and place of the anniversary meeting of the Board, and request their attendance at such meeting.

Dr. Bacon, in behalf of the Business Committee, reported the following resolution:

Resolved, T h a t------be a committee to report at the next Annual Meeting, whether any, and if any, what rules should be adopted by this Board, concerning the election of Corporate Members. 30 ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BOARD. [Report,

The resolution was adopted, and Dr. Bacon, Dr. Sweetser, Judge Strong, Dr. A. D. Smith, Frederick Starr, Esq., Rev. Thornton A. Mills, and John Kingsbury, Esq., were appointed the committee.

PLACE AND PREACHER FOR NEXT MEETING. A committee was appointed on Place and Preacher for the next Annual Meeting, consisting of Chancellor Walworth, Dr. Hawes, Dr. Barstow, Dr. Burgess, Rev. Selden Haines, Rev. A. DeWitt, and Rev. John Tompkins. They recommended that the city of Worcester, Mass., be the place of meeting, and that Prof. J. B. Condit, D. D., of Auburn, N. Y., be the preacher, and Rev. E. N. Kirk, D. D., of Boston, his alternate. The recommendations were adopted.

RESOLUTIONS OF THANKS. It was voted, that the thanks of the Board be presented to Rev. Dr. Cleaveland, for his sermon on Tuesday evening, and that a copy be requested for publication. The following resolution was also adopted:

Resolved, That the thanks of the Board be given to the people of Rochester, for their large and generous hospitality and kindness to the members and friends of the Board, who have been in attendance at this meeting: Also— to the members of the several committees of arrangements, for their laborious, indefatigable, and successful efforts to promote the convenience and comfort of a ll: Also— to the different churches and religious societies, for the use of their houses of worship; and to the choirs of singers for their assist­ ance in our services : Also— to the numerous railroads, and the steamboat companies, for free return tickets to those who have come from abroad to attend this meeting: Also— to the Rochester Athenaeum, for an invitation to visit the rooms of that institution : Also— to Messrs. Ellvranger and Barry, for their invitation to visit the Mount Hope Nurseries, and for their bountiful contribution of flowers, with which the tables on the platform in the place of meeting have been so beautifully decorated. It is our prayer, that they and all the others to whom we are indebted, may, with ourselves, be pre­ pared to enjoy “ the perfection of beauty,” and dwell forever “ in the paradise of .God.” 1863.] ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BOARD. 31

DEVOTIONAL SERVICES. At the opening of the first session of the business meetiugs for each day, the assembly united in prayer, being led, successively, by Dr. E. W . Hooker, Dr. R. W. Condit, Dr. Barstow and Dr. Fowler. On several occasions, also, the business was suspended for prayer, for special thanksgiving in view of the goodness of God as exhibited by reports and statements made, or for the service of song. The customary prayer meetings, at half past eight o’clock on Wednesday and Thursday mornings, were fully attended and of much interest; and missionaries present, with children and near relatives and friends of missionaries, had, as usual, some meet­ ings of their own. The sermon on Tuesday evening, by Dr. Cleaveland, of New Haven, Conn., was a very impressive discourse, from Luke xxiv. 45-47. “ Then opened he their understanding, that they might understand the Scriptures ; and said unto them, Thus it is written, and thus it behoved Christ to suffer, and to rise from the dead the third day : and that repentance and remission of sins should be preached in his name among all nations, beginning at Jerusalem.” In connection with this service, Drs. Beman and J. B. Condit offered prayer. The Lord’s supper was administered in three churches on Thursday afternoon, probably not far from 3,000 communicants, in all, being present. The clergymen officiating were,— at the First Presbyterian church, Drs. W. Clarke, J. B. Condit, and A. C. Thompson; at the Plymouth church, Dr. Daggett, Dr. Joel Parker, and Rev. H. G. Ludlow; and at the Central Presbyterian church, Drs. Smith, Hawes and Wisner. Meetings were held for addresses, on Wednesday evening, at the First Presbyterian, the Central Presbyterian, and the Plymouth churches ; and on Thursday evening, at the Brick, the Central, and St. Peter’s churches ; at which addresses were made by re­ turned missionaries, and by prominent friends of the missionary work in our own countiy, lay and clerical. During the closing meeting, Friday forenoon, several items of business were attended to, but much time was given, as usual, to devotional services, and to parting and other addresses. Remarks were made by Mr. Benjamin Lyman, of Montreal,— assuring the Board that its friends in Canada would continue their support, and 82 ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BOARD. [Report, pledging himself to new exertions in behalf of the cause ; by Messrs. Gulick, Hazen and Coan,— missionaries, expecting soon to leave for their respective fields abroad; by the President of the Board, tendering grateful acknowledgments to the good people of Rochester for their unsparing hospitality and all other kindnesses ; and, in response, by Dr. Shaw, the pastor of the people worship­ ing in the Brick church, where the Board had held its business sessions. After various appropriate and affecting references to the recent extraordinary visitation of the Holy Spirit in the city of Rochester, and to other dealings of Divine Providence, he tendered his most affectionate Christian salutations to all the brethren and sisters in the Lord, and prayed that He who stood at the door of Abraham’s tent, would be the angel to go before them to their homes, and abide with them evermore. At the request of Dr. Shaw, the assembly rose and sung, with deep emotion, the doxology,—

“ Praise God, from whom all blessings flow,” — words which his beloved and much lamented brother, Dr. Pease, who was to preach the Annual Sermon before the Board next year, had attempted to give out to be sung, just before he fell asleep in Jesus.

ADJOURNMENT. A few last items of business having been attended to, a portion of the usual parting hymn was sung,—

“ Blest be the tie that binds,” prayer was offered by Dr. Parker, the benediction was pronounced by Dr. Hopkins, and the Board adjourned to meet at the city of Worcester, Mass., on the first Tuesday of October, 1864, at 3 o’clock, P. M.

This meeting, it is believed, will fully sustain the reputation which has been acquired by these annual gatherings of the friends of missions, as occasions of deep interest. Few, if any, meetings of the Board have surpassed it. At Rochester, the Spirit of the Lord had prepared the way. There was much to encourage, and to call forth grateful emotions, in the results of past efforts which 1863.] ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BOARD. 33 were brought to view, in the condition of the treasury, the finan­ cial aspect of our country, and the cheerful hope with which, not­ withstanding the fearful struggle still going on for the preservation of our national existence, business men looked forward to the future of this work, and urged its more vigorous prosecution. The meeting was very large. It was stated by one of the C om ­ mittee o f Arrangements at Rochester, that provision had been made for nearly 2,000 guests through the Committee, and that they supposed about as many others were in attendance, provided for by friends and at the public houses, without their intervention. More than 2,000 persons, probably, were present at the business meetings from day to day. Indeed, one well acquainted with the house, and better able than many could be to judge of the number, estimated it as “ at the least, 2 ,5 0 0 .” A s a whole, the speaking at the various evening meetings, and on other occasions, was o f an unusually high order, whether regarded in its intellectual, its Christian, or its distinctively missionary aspect. The weather was favorable for such a gathering,— neither too warm nor too cold,— and nothing occurred, worthy of being remembered, to disturb the feelings of any present, or to mar the harmony of the occasion. The President of the Board might well express the conviction, as he did in his closing address, that great good had been done by the meeting, and that its benign influence would be carried abroad and widely extended. PREACHERS AND PLACES OF MEETING. Year. Place of Meeting. Preacher. Text. 1810. Farmington. N o sermon. 1811. Worcester. “ 1812. Hartford. “ 1813. Boston. *Timothy Dwight, D. D. John 10 : 16. 1814. N ew Haven. •James Richards, D . D . Ephes. 3 : 8. 1815. Salem. *Calvin Chapin, D. D. Ps. 96 : 10. 1816. Hartford. *Henry Davis, D. D. Ps. 119 : 96. 1817. Northampton. * Jesse Appleton, D . D . 1 Cor. 1 : 21. 1818. N ew Haven. *Samuel Spring, D. D. Acts 8 : 30, 31. 1819. Boston. *Joseph Lyman, D. D. Isaiah 58 : 12. 1820. Hartford. Eliphalet Nott, D. D. Mark 16 : 15. 1821. Springfield. *Jedidiah Morse, D. D. Ps. 2 : 8. 1822. New Haven. •Alexander Proudfit, D. D. MaL 1 : 11. 1823. Boston. Jeremiah Day, D. D. Neh. 6 : 3. 1824. Hartford. *Samuel Austin, D. D. Gal. 1 : 15, 16. 1825. Northampton. •Joshua Bates, D. D. John 8 : 32. 1826. Middletown. •Edward D . Griffin, D. D . Matt. 28 : 18, 20. 1827. N ew York. *Lyman Beecher, D. D. Luke 11 : 21, Rev. &c. 1828. Philadelphia. *John H. Rice, D. D. 2 Cor. 10 : 4. 1829. Albany. •Archibald Alexander, D. D. Acts 11 : 18. 1830. Boston. Thomas DeWitt, D. D. Matt. 9 : 37, 38. 1831. N ew Haven. •Leonard Woods, D. D. Isaiah 62 : 1, 2. 1832. N ew York. William Allen, D. D. John 8 : 36. 1833. Philadelphia. •William Murray, D. D. 2 Cor. 10 : 4. 1834. Utica. _ Gardiner Spring, D. D. Matt. 10 : 6. 1835. Baltimore. •Samuel Miller, D . D. Numb. 14 : 21. 1836. Hartford. •John Codman, D . D. Matt. 10 : 8. 1837. Newark. •John McDowell, D. D. Acts 4 : 12. 1838. Portland. •Heman Humphrey, D. D. Ps. 102 : 13-16. 1839. Troy. •Thomas McAuley, D. D. Isaiah 11:9. 1840. Providence. Nathan S. S. Beman, D. D. Ps. 72 : 17. 1841. Philadelphia. •Justin Edwards, D. D. Zech. 4 : 6. 1842. Norwich. William R. DeWitt, D. D. 2 Cor. 5 : 14. 1843. Rochester. Thomas H. Skinner, D. D. Phil. 3 : 13. 1844. Worcester. Rev. Albert Barnes. Luke 14 : 28-32. 1845. Brooklyn. Mark Hopkins, D. D. Ps. 55 : 22. 1846. New Haven. Joel Hawes, D. p. 1 Sam. 7 : 12. 1847. Buffalo. David Magie, D. D. Isaiah 33 : 15. 1848. Boston. Isaac Ferris, D . D. Matt. 6 : 10. 1849. Pittsfield. Samuel H. Cox, D. D. Dan. 7 : 27. 1850. Oswego. Richard S. Storrs, D . D . 1 Cor. 15 : 58. 1851. Portland. David H. Riddle, D. D. Isaiah 41 : 14, 15. 1852. Troy. Leonard Bacon, D . D. 2 Cor. 5 : 7. 1853. Cincinnati. William Adams, D. D. Matt. 13 : 38. 1854. Hartford. •Charles W hite, D . D . Matt. 6 : 10. 1855. Utica. Nehemiah Adams, D. D. Gal. 2 : 20. 1856. Newark. •George W . Bethune, D. D. 1 Tim. 1 : 15. 1857. Providence. M. La Rue P. Thompson, D .D . Matt. 28 : 20. 1858. Detroit. George Shepard, D. D. Luke 11:41. 1859. Philadelphia. Robert W . Patterson, D. D. Matt. 13:33. 1860. Boston. Samuel W . Fisher, D. D. Isa. 4 5 :1 — 6. 43:21 1861. Cleveland. Richard S. Storrs, Jr., D. D . 1 Cor. 1 : 28. 1862. Springfield. Henry Smith, D. D. John 17: 20, 21. 1863. Rochester. Elisha L. Cleaveland, D .D . Luke 24 : 45-47. E E P 0 E T

OF THE

PRUDENTIAL COMMITTEE.

HOME DEPARTMENT.

OBITXJAKY NOTICES.

Of the Corporate Members of the Board, who were living one year ago, four have since deceased, to w it: Rev. Lyman Beecher, D. D., elected in 1823 ; Rev. John McDowell, D. D., elected in 1832; Harvey Ely, Esq., elected in 1842 ; Rev. Edward Robinson, D. D., elected in 1843.

MISSIONARIES SENT FORTH. The reinforcements, sent to the different fields occupied by the Board within the last year, have exceeded those of the previous year; but they have failed to meet the frequent de­ mands which have been made upon the Committee. Miss Helen W. Green has joined the Gaboon mission ; Rev. Henry C. Haskell and Mrs. Margaret H. Haskell, Rev. John F. Smith and Mrs. Lizzie Smith, Miss Eliza Fritcher, Miss Mary E. Reynolds, have joined the Western Turkey mission; Rev. Moses P. Parmelee and Mrs. Nellie A. Parmelee have joined the Eastern Turkey mission ; Rev. Samuel Jessup and Mrs. Ann E. Jessup, Rev. Philip Berry and Mrs. Magdalene L. Berry, have joined the Syria mission ; Rev. Henry J. Bruce and Mrs. Hepzibeth P. Bruce, Rev. Henry W. Ballantine and Mrs. Mary E. Ballantine, Mrs. Sarah L. Munger, have joined the Mahratta mission; Rev. Lyman D. Chapin and Mrs. Clara L. Chapin have joined the North China mission ; Mr. Edward R. Pond has joined the Dakota mission ; the whole number being twenty-one. Rev. Otis F. Curtis and Mrs. Marilla W. Curtis have con­ sented to labor in connection with the Seneca mission. The following persons, after residing in the United States for a longer or shorter period, have embarked for the fields in which they had previously labored, to w it: Rev. Albert Bush- nell and Mrs. Lucinda J. Bushnell, of the Gaboon mission; 36 HOME DEPARTMENT. [Report,

Rev. Daniel Lindley and Mrs. Lucy A. Lindley, of the Zulu mission : Rev. George Washburn and Mrs. Henrietta Wash­ burn, of the Western Turkey mission ; Rev. William W. Eddy and Mrs. Hannah M. Eddy, of the Syria mission ; Rev. Sendol B. Munger, of the Mahratta mission ; Rev. Nathan L. Lord, M. D., and Mrs. Laura W. Lord, of the Madura mission; — making eleven in all. The Committee are under the necessity of announcing that they have but three, or at most four young men under appoint­ ment, who are expected to engage in the missionary work dur­ ing the coming year. In what way the urgent appeals from Western Asia and from Southern India, to say nothing of other fields, are to meet with a proper response, is becoming a ques­ tion of painful interest. The supply of laborers from our semi­ naries, at the present time, is insufficient. Is it not, then, the duty of those who have recently entered the ministry, to inquire whether the brethren who have gone out from us, and are bear­ ing a burden that is beyond their strength, may not turn to them for the needed succor ? Should these servants of Christ fall prematurely, because their cry is unheeded, will there be no responsibility resting upon those who hold commissions of recent date in the home field ?

OFFICERS OF THE BOARD. Soon after the last annual meeting, it became apparent that there was immediate occasion for strengthening the missionary corps at Constantinople. As Dr. Wood was previously located there, and still retained his knowledge of the Armenian lan­ guage, the Committee felt that he might render a service, much needed and of great value, by spending some months in that large and influential city. On being requested to make a tem­ porary change in his labors, he cheerfully consented to do s o ; and, accordingly, he sailed from New York for Liverpool, Decem­ ber 6,1862. The Managing Committee of the Turkish Missions Aid Society detained him in England, a few weeks, in order that they might have the benefit of his very acceptable and serviceable advocacy, so that he did not reach his destination till the 7th of March. Since that time he has been industriously occupied in seeking to advance the interests of the Western Turkey mission. The placing of the Hawaiian churches on a self-governing and self-sustaining basis is found to be a problem of no little diffi­ culty. As the Committee were anxious to hasten its solution, if possible, they requested Dr. Anderson, in December last, to proceed to the Sandwich Islands, and inform himself fully of the condition and capabilities of those churches, and in connec­ 1863.] HOME DEPARTMENT. 37 tion with the brethren in charge of them, consider the best methods of securing the ultimate result of all missionary en­ deavors. In accordance with this request, he sailed from New York for San Francisco, January 12, and arrived at the Islands, February 27. Through the good hand of his God upon him, he was able to complete the service assigned him, and return to the Missionary House, September 8. As a report of his visit will be submitted to this meeting, it is not necessary that more should be said, in this place, in relation thereto. The Committee having become satisfied that Mr. Gordon was devoting himself too assiduously to the duties of his office, tendered him, without any solicitation on his part, a vacation of three months, commencing with the 5th of May. They are happy in the belief that this temporary release has been for the advantage, as well of the Board, as of its Treasurer. Mr. Langdon S. Ward, his chief clerk, was appointed “ Act­ ing Treasurer,” for the three mouths of Mr. Gordon’s absence ; and he discharged the duties of his new position to the entire satisfaction of the Committee. No additional force has been necessary in the other departments of the Missionary House.

AGENCIES. Two District Secretaries have resigned, and two have received an appointment, within the past year. Rev. Calvin Clark sur­ rendered the charge of the North Western District, last winter, that he might engage in the home missionary work, under the direction of the (N. S.) Synod of Michigan. Rev. J. L. Jen­ kins retires from the Southern New England District, that he may gratify his preference for the pastoral office. Both of these brethren take with them the undiminished regard and confidence of the Committee. The District of Central and Western New York is now intrusted to Rev. Charles P. Bush, who entered upon the duties of his office, January 1, 1863. Rev. Elisha Ballantine, recently a professor in Indiana University, has consented to take charge of the Ohio and Indiana District (embracing also Missouri and Southern Illinois). As he has a brother and a son in the Mah- ratta field, the Committee felt that he had a special call to a participation in the labors of the Home Department. Since the departure of Dr. Wood for Constantinople, as already mentioned, the New York City District has been com­ mitted to the oversight of Rev. Daniel Bliss, of the Syria mis­ sion. Rev. E. E. Bliss, of the Western Turkey mission, has performed the duties of a District Secretary in the North-west, during a part of the year. In the two remaining districts, no change has occurred. 4 38 HOME DEPARTMENT. [Report,

The present arrangement of the Districts, with the address of their different Secretaries, will appear from the table which is subjoined.

DISTRICTS. DISTRICT SECRETARIES.

N o r t h e r n N e w E n g l a n d : Maine, New Hampshire, and Vermont, Rev. W illiam W arren, Gorham, Me. S o u t h e r n N e w E n g l a n d : Massachusetts, Connecticut and Rhode Island, N e w Y o r k C i t y : New York city, Long Island, Eastern N. York, and East J e r s e y ,...... [The care of this district is among the duties devolving on Dr. W o o d . ] Central and W estern New York, . Rev. Charles P. Bush, Rochester, N . Y . P hiladelphia : Pennsylvania, West Jersey, Delaware, Mary­ land, and District of Columbia, . . . Rev. John M cLeod, Philadelphia. O h i o a n d I n d i a n a : Ohio,Indiana, Southern Illinois, and Missouri, Rev. Elisha B allantine, Bloomington, Ind.

N o r t h -W e s t e r n D i s t r i c t : Missouri, Iowa, Minnesota, Wisconsin, Michi­ gan, and Northern Illinois, ....

A number of conventions have been held in New York and New England, to the manifest advantage of the missionary- work, and to the satisfaction and profit, it is believed, of many of our churches.

PUBLICATIONS. During the year under review, there have been published of the Herald, 167,100 copies, making a monthly average of 13,925; of the Annual Report, 4.000 copies; of the Abstract of the Report, 750 copies ; of the Annual Sermon, 2,000 copies ; of the Report of the Committee on Finance and Expenditures, 5,000 ; of the Historical Sketch of the Mahratta mission, 4,000 copies; Historical Sketch of the Armenian Mission, 1,000 copies; of the Appeal to the Churches, 19,150 copies; of the Letter to Dr. Candlish, 525 copies ; of the Quarterly Letter to the Sabbath Schools, (each,) 3,500 copies.

TURKISH MISSIONS AID SOCIETY. It is the privilege of the Board to recognize, as in past years, the friendly and valuable co-operation of the Turkish Missions Aid Society. Its remittances to our brethren in the Ottoman empire, for the support of the native agency employed and directed by them, have been as follows :— to the Crisis Fund, £600 ; to the Western Turkey mission, £1,000 : to the Eastern Turkey mission, £100; to the Central Turkey mission, £100; to the Syria mission £156; to the Nestorian mission, £100; making in all, £2,056. Adding this sum to the amount remit­ ted during the eight years previous, we have a total of £18,912 11s. 6d.,all of which, (though not expended under the direction of the Prudential Committee,) has encouraged and assisted our missionaries in the work which they are doing in the Orient. 1863.] HOME DEPARTMENT. 39

THE FREE CHURCH OF SCOTLAND. A letter was received in 1862 from Rev. Robert Candlish, D. D., as Moderator of the General Assembly of the Free Church of Scotland, announcing that the Commission of the Assembly had recommended a collection in aid of the American missions in ludia and the Turkish empire, whereby the sum of £1,296 had been raised, and also announcing that one-third of this amount was at the disposal of our missionaries, with the expression of the hope that it might be expended for the support of native agents. The Prudential Committee, in a formal minute (which was transmitted to Dr. Candlish) declared their appreciation of the unexpected kindness which the Commission had shown to our missions, and promised that the moneys set apart for their use should be applied in accordance with the wishes of the Commission. The amount has been divided between the Madura mission, the Ceylon mission, and the Eastern Turkey mission ; and it has lessened the expenditures of the Board, for the present financial year, to the extent of £432.

OTHER CO-OPERATING SOCIETIES. The Treasurer has transmitted to the missions of the Board, in aid of what they are doing by the press, the following sums, to w it:— from the American Bible Society, $4,940; from the American Tract Society at New York, $2.400.

RECEIFT3 AND EXPENDITURES. In speaking of the Receipts and Expenditures, at the last Annual Meeting, the Committee remarked that the financial j^ear of 1861-2 had differed from all that preceded it, because of its embracing an entire twelvemonth of civil war, and also because of its ending amid the pressure of a public indebtedness which, a short time before, none of us would have dared to contemplate, even as a possibility. But the financial year of 1862-3 embraced a like period of internal strife, less formidable, indeed, in its closing weeks, but with a rapidly accumulating national debt, and with an additional element of disquiet in the unparalleled appreciation of foreign exchange. Still the language of the last Annual Report may be repeated to-day. “ God, £ who is rich in mercy,’ has kept the treasury of the Board, during all this period, unusually free from embarrass­ ment. There have been many fears, indeed; but in his own wonderful methods he has dispelled them all.” The Committee would express the hope that the numerous friends of missions who are present, will make special mention of his faithfulness and loving-kindness, while we are together, and will bear to 40 HOME DEPARTMENT. [Report, their homes profound and abiding emotions of thankfulness, joy and praise. On the 1st of September, 1862, the debt of the Board was $11,103,62; on the 1st of September, 1863, it was $6,184,95, showing a reduction of $4,918,67. In view of the high price of gold, during the past year, which has greatly en­ hanced the cost of all remittances to foreign lands, it may be asked, “ How does it happen that the debt is no larger?” (1) The donations (leaving out of the account the contributions made in 1860 for the liquidation of an existing debt) have exceeded those of any previous year. The Committee would gratefully recognize the unusual liberality of certain friends of the Board, residing in this country, whose names it were need­ less to mention ; and they would also acknowledge an unexpect­ ed gift of $2,000 from Daniel James, Esq., of Liverpool, who has placed many of our missionaries, while passing through England, under special obligations to him. (2) The legacies have also exceeded those of any previous year. The Commit­ tee reported the amount at Springfield as $73,225,85, more than had ever been received from this source before. Now the amount to be reported is $85,040,76. On the other hand, it should be borne in mind that our missions are practicing a rigid economy; while, at the same time, the number of laborers in some fields has been diminished to an extent that is proving decidedly injurious. The entire income of the year has been as follows: — from donations, $304,905,74; from legacies, $85,040,76; from other sources, $7,133,21; making a total of $397,079,71. The ex­ penditures of the year have been $392,161,04.

EXCHANGE. The disbursements of the year have been largely increased, it is well known, by the unusually high premium paid for ex­ change. Many have' supposed that it was practicable to avoid this item of expenditure, and they have asked, “ Why is not gome plan devised for securing this end ? ” Various methods have occurred to the friends of the Board; and all, so far as is known, have received the attention of the Committee. After a protracted consideration of the subject, however, and after obtaining the opinions of men who seemed to be fully com­ petent to give advice in such matters, it has been decided to make the remittances as aforetime. Fluctuations in the market value of exchange have been constantly noted, and due care has been taken to buy on the most favorable terms. And the Treasurer has enjoyed unusual facilities for so doing, from the fact that the contributions have reached the Missionary House, 1863.] HOME DEPARTMENT. 41 for the most part, earlier than in some former years. The result is, that the loss on the bills sent to the missions has averaged about thirty-five per cent. This burden the churches have assumed, apparently, with entire cheerfulness. In no year, perhaps, have they contributed with greater ease and alacrity. In no year, certainly, have the finances of the Board been, throughout, in a safer and healthier condition.

THE CURRENT YEAR. It can hardly be necessary to remind the Board of the urgent claims which will be made upon the treasury, during the year which has just commenced. The Committee feel constrained to express the belief that a decided advance in the donations is called for. 1. A more liberal expenditure is needed, in order that the missions may attain to a proper degree of efficiency. A wise economy, indeed, makes such an expenditure imperative. While it is true that there is a lack of candidates for the foreign ser­ vice, it is also true that a determination, on the part of the churches, to keep even pace with our seminaries in furnishing the requisite aid, if accepted as an undoubted fact, could not fail to secure an appropriate response. 2. Were we to restrict ourselves to the present scale of ex­ penditure, two facts would need to be understood and remem­ bered. (1.) The legacies of the past year have largely exceeded what we have a right to expect during the current twelve­ month. (2.) The cost of exchange may be as great for the next few months as it has been during the last few months. Surely, we are not justified, as yet, in presuming upon any permanent alteration .which will be more favorable to the Board. THE MISSIONS

AFRICA.

GABOON MISSION. Baraka.—‘William Walker, Ira M. Preston, Missionaries; Mrs. Catharine H . Walker, Mrs. Jane E. Preston.— One native helper. N engenenge.— One native helper. On the way to Africa.— Albert Bushnell, Missionary; Mrs. Lucinda J. Bush- nell, Miss Helen W . Green. In this country.—Jacob Best, Epaminondas J. Pierce, Andrew D. Jack, Mis­ sionaries ; Mrs. Gertrude Best, Mrs. Mary E. Jack.

2 stations. 6 missionaries. 6 female assistant missionaries. 2 native helpers.

Mr. and Mrs. Bushnell sailed from New York, April 11, returning to their field by way of England, accompanied by Miss Helen W. Green,.of Plainfield, N. J., who went to join the mission as a teacher. . Daring no previous period in the history of this mission, per­ haps, has there been so much evidence of a work of the Holy Spirit among the people, bringing individuals to the exercise of saving faith, as within the past two years. The last Report mentioned pleasing indications in this respect, and in Septem­ ber, 1862, Mr. Walker wrote : “ I rejoice with trembling and labor with .hope. There are about fifteen persons, now, who would apply for admission to the church, the present and com­ ing week ; but it is doubtful whether they will be able to leave their business to come at this time. If all could be present, I Suppose that six or eight would be received. On the other hand, one who was restored to the fellowship of the church, six months ago, has again fallen into the same deep ditch and narrow pit,-from which we hoped he had escaped.” On the 3d of October he wrote again : “ Yesterday there was an examination of candidates for admission to the church, and seven were accepted, to be received to-morrow. There were received in April, two; in July, eleven; in October, seven; GABOON. 43 total, twenty in the last nine months. There are as many as ten more who have been examined at different times, but they are scattered here and there. Tw o of those examined were deferred. There are two or three absent, who would probably have been received, had they been present. Three of those accepted yesterday, are wives of men who have already united with the church. We rejoice, with trembling, over these lambs of the flock. May the Lord have them in his holy keeping. Four of those to be now received have been in our school, and we hope that some of them will hereafter carry that gospel to others, which they have found so precious to themselves. One of those admitted at the last communion has now resumed his studies with new diligence, which had been laid aside for years.” In February last, sending a “ brief summary of operations for the year 1862,” he reported : “ Eighteen persons have been received to the communion of the church the past year, all by baptism, on profession of their faith. Four are freemen, and fourteen are slaves. Six of the slaves are females, the husbands of four of them being members of the church, and those of the other two are candidates for admission. There has been evi­ dent increase in knowledge, and we trust in piety, among most of the members. One case of discipline, suspension and resto­ ration, on profession of penitence, has occurred. There are two other cases to be acted on, but both of the persons are at Nengenenge. These three persons are Bakeles, and of some years’ standing in the church. There are now thirty-three native members, in good standing. We have a prospect of receiving quite a number more, of those who are now inquiring, and we pray for a large increase of such as shall be saved.”

NEW HOUSE OF WORSHIP. A new, substantial, and pleasant church building has been erected at Baraka, 42 by 26 feet. The expense of this was mostly defrayed by foreigners residing at or visiting the Gaboon, and a surplus of one hundred and sixty dollars was left on hand after its completion. Mr. Walker wrote in September: “ The church is finished, except painting doors and windows, which was commenced this morning, by one of our young men. The donations and assistance of foreigners and natives cover all the expense, so that we shall not need a dollar of the appropriation to the mission for building. The edifice is better proportioned, better lighted, and much better seated than I had hoped, until we saw it finished. It was dedicate‘d on the 7th instant; when there was a sermon in English, and one in Mpongwe. All present seemed gratified and satisfied. I was constrained u GABOON. [Report,

to make a full statement of the means used in building, or the business men and traders could not have understood by what feats of financiering the expense was made so small. We have again occasion to set up our Ebenezer, and say, Hitherto the Lord hath helped us.”

HELPERS— SCHOOLS. In September, Mr. Preston went up the river, and made some exploration among the Pangwes, in the hope of locating two young men there, but no station was formed. The people did not seem to be sufficiently settled to warrant fixing upon a location. The young men made a stay of about a month at King Duka’s ; but learned that a Mpongwe prophet is without honor in his own country. The same persons subsequently went to Kama, and spent about six weeks. There they hope to locate and preach the gospel. “ Traveling and other ex­ penses on such tours are small,” Mr. Walker writes, “ as the traders permit any of our people to go and come in their boats.” The station at Nengenenge has been kept up by a native mem­ ber of the church, and through him the gospel has sounded out in all that region. The report for 1862 says, respecting schools : “ The Sabbath school numbers from forty to fifty, principally those who are connected with our mission schools. The boys’ and girls’ boarding schools, at Baraka, are all that we have to report. In the boys5 school there have been aboijt thirty-five regular schol­ ars, and quite a number of scattering day scholars. The girls’ school has numbered fourteen. Mr. Preston has had the entire charge of the boys’ school, with one native female assistant teacher. The girls’ school has been under Mrs. Walker’s care, with a native teacher. Mrs. Preston teaches the girls sewing. The improvement in the schools has been as great as in any preceding period. All the four freemen received to the church within the year, have been educated more or less in the mission school, and two of them have now returned to it, to prepare for preaching the gospel.”

HELP NEEDED. Mr. Walker wrote in September, 1862 : “ We have reason to be renewedly grateful for health spared, and the privilege of laboring still for Christ in Africa ; but if you take into account the age of your missionaries at thè Gaboon, you will see that we are in much need of a man on the ground, preparing for the work. We want one tQ locate and superintend the young men whom we hope to put into the field. If I were a letter writer, I would write to Andover, and tell the students there, that if they can afford to cast off our mission forever, we can afford to 1863.] ZULUS. 45 dp without them. The mission does not belong to us, but to Christ ; and if Africa receives the gospel, and turns from dark­ ness, it will turn to Christ. We lean upon the Lord.” Some months later, he again remarked on this subject: li We are laboring in weakness, but the power is with God, in whom is our trust. He can work, and has worked, by feeblest instru­ mentalities. He has ever provided men, and we trust that he will still provide.”

ZULU MISSION.

TJmzumbi.— Elijah Robbins, Missionary; Mrs. Addie B. Robbins. TJmtwalumi.— Hyman A. Wilder, Missionary; Mrs. Abby T. Wilder. Ifafa.— Seth B. Stone, Missionary. Amahloxg'wa.— Stephen C. Pixley, Missionary; Mrs. Louisa Pixley. Ifumi.—Henry M. Bridgman, Missionary; Mrs. Laura B. Bridgman. Amanzimtote.— David Rood, Missionary; Mrs. Alzina Y. Rood. I tafamasi.— (Y acant.) Inanda.—Daniel Lindley, Missionary; Mrs. Lucy A. Lindley. TTmsunduzi.— W illiam Mellen, Missionary; Mrs. Laurana W . Mellen. Esidumbini.—Josiah Tyler, Missionary; Mrs. Susan W . Tyler. Umvoti.—Aldin Grout, Missionary; Mrs. Charlotte B. Grout. Mapdmulo.—Andrew Abraham, Missionary; Mrs. Sarah L. Abraham. O ut- sta tio n , TTmvoti Y a l l e y .— Ibubidu. Station not known.— Charles H . Lloyd, Missionary; Mrs. Katharine C. Lloyd. In this country.— Silas McKinney, William Ireland, Missionaries; Mrs. Cath­ arine B. Stone. 12 stations. 1 out-station. 14 missionaries. 12 female assistant missionaries. 4 native school teachers.

Mr. and Mrs. Lloyd, new laborers, arrived at Port Natal, De­ cember 11, and were soon in the mission field, pleased with the people and their prospects. Mr. and Mrs. Lindley embarked at Boston, October 28, 1862, on their return to the mission, and reached Natal, January 31. Few who heard Mr. Lindley in the United States, will soon forget his interesting labors here. Mr. Lewis Grout, who came to America last year, after fifteen years of useful labor among the Zulus, has felt it his duty to seek a release from his connection with the Board, which has been granted. Messrs. McKinney and Ireland, on account of bereavement and ill health, have found it necessary to revisit this country. Though the mission has enjoyed no marked outpouring of 46 ZULUS. [Report, the Holy Spirit during the year, the gospel has been regularly preached at most of the stations, and the word has not been without effect. At one station, at least, the congregations on the Sabbath have been increasingly large and attentive, and “ the prospect never was more encouraging.” The stated religious services of the church have been well sustained by the members, and the progress in civilization, enterprise and benevolence, has been gratifying. The hearts of the mission­ aries have been cheered, and their hands strengthened for the prosecution of their work. The “ week of prayer” was observed with much interest. For three successive years, at the appointed time, have the services of that week been kept up, and the divine blessing has evidently rested upon them, and made the occasion one of rich spiritual improvement. One fact is mentioned in connection with its observance, which is worthy of special notice, as the hopeful harbinger of greater blessings yet in store for the Zulus. At Umvoti, a “ sunrise morning prayer-meeting has been held daily for more than two years, so far as I know,” says the mis­ sionary, “ without any omission;” and this prayer-meeting was established, and is sustained, entirely by the native Christians. Who can foresee the blessings which may yet descend upon the world, when such gatherings for prayer shall encircle the whole earth, and be found among every people. Eleven members were added by profession to the eleven churches. During the past year the Government has promulgated an order to the native chiefs, directing them to prevent all witch doctors, rain doctors, thunder and lightning doctors, and many others, from practicing their arts. “ If the order is executed, one of the strongholds of heathenism will be overthrown.” But there are serious difficulties in the way of a general reception of Christianity, which loudly call for the attention of the Govern­ ment. By the decision of the courts, native Christians are to be governed wholly by native laws, like the heathen. Christian marriages of persons connected with the mission stations, by the missionaries, are declared unauthorized, and no legal bar to sub­ sequent marriages by the parties, without a judicial divorce. The inheritance of property is to be governed by the same code 'of laws. This will render the wives and children of deceased native Christians liable to be seized by their heathen relations and brought again under heathen influences, and the grown-up daughters to be forced to marry even the most be­ sotted polygamist who can meet the demands of her owners for the payment of cattle. This trying position of those who have embraced the gospel, and who wish to live and train their families according to its precepts, is engaging the attention of ■the different bodies of missionaries in Natal, ^nd it is to be 1863.] ZULUS. 47 hoped that some way may be speedily devised, by which the rights of Christian subjects may be fully secured.

FIRES ASSISTANCE. It will be remembered that, two years since, the mission house at Ifafa was destroyed by fire. The past year has wit­ nessed the destruction of houses at two other stations. On the 11th of July, 1862, the mission house and chapel at Inanda, then occupied by Mr. Mellen, were burned, and on the 9th of August following, the mission dwelling and a brick chapel, nearly completed, at Mapumulo. Much of the personal property of the mission families at both these places was consumed, and in consequence, they will find their comforts curtailed and their labors increased, for some time to come. Providentially the lives of all were preserved, and they suffered no material injury from the exposure and excitement to which they were subjected. Most gratefully do these brethren acknowledge the kindness and sympathy shown them at this time of trial, by their fellow missionaries and by the colonists. At the time their dwellings were destroyed, desolating fires raged in different parts of the , colony, burning the houses of four other white people, and con­ suming seventy or eighty native kraals, and hundreds of acres of sugar cane. Some of the natives lost their lives. The Inanda house was promptly rebuilt, the women of the station contributing much of the thatch for the purpose ; and on Mr. Lindley’s arrival, he found a house again leady for his family. Owing to the greater difficulty of procuring timber at Mapumulo, Mr. Abraham has found it necessary to defer re­ building his house till the rainy season is over. In the mean­ while he contents himself with very temporary accommodations, that he may still watch over his little flock of native Christians, and break unto the perishing the bread of life. During the year, the mission has received some pleasing testi­ monials of the sympathy of other bodies of Christians, disposed to render aid “ in this time of the suffering of our beloved country.” The ladies of the Dutch Reformed church of Pieter­ maritzburg sent a contribution of about fifty dollars; and one hundred dollars was forwarded from Basuto land, a donation “ from the individual members, male and female,” of the Paris Missionary Society, laboring among the Basutos. Such a prac­ tical evidence of the union of Christians of all denominations, in carrying out the Saviour’s last command, is very pleasing, and cannot but be promotive of happy results.

PRINTING— SCHOOLS. The press has been in operation during the year, 34,600 pages of tracts having been printed, and 386,000 .-pages of other 48 ZULUS. [Report,

matter, among which is found the “ Sweet Story of Old.” A great Loss, however, has been experienced by the mission, in the destruction of almost the entire edition of the Hymn Book, the Book of Genesis, and nearly all the Tracts printed in America the preceding year, which were burned with the dwelling-house at Inanda. This will be deeply felt at the present time, when books for the converts are in greater demand than ever before. At every station occupied, more or less instruction in Sabbath and day schools has been given, as heretofore. The people feel, more and more, the importance of having their children edu­ cated, and are ready to contribute liberally towards the support of competent teachers. The mission appreciates the necessity of a trained and efficient native agency for carrying forward the work, and a committee has been appointed to take into consid­ eration the whole subject of schools, and report to the officers of the Board.

NATIVE MISSIONARY SOCIETY— BENEVOLENCE. In the Reports of the last two years, mention has been made . of the Society established by the native Christians, for support­ ing a native agency among their OAvn countrymen, and of the liberal contributions made for that object. At the annual meet­ ing of the Zulu converts, held at Amanzimtote, in June, 1862, the native missionary sustained by their funds was present and gave an interesting account of his labors. At the same meeting, Benjamin Hawes, a graduate of the seminary which was in operation several years since, and who was for a long time the efficient teacher of the Umvoti school, offered himself as the second missionary of the Society, and was accepted. The sum of $191.75 was contributed to the funds of the Society,— an advance of $35.60 upon the contributions of the previous year. In view of such facts, the mission treasurer may well say : “ I feel, now, that this interesting enterprise has got fairly under way, and with God’s blessing, will grow into an important auxiliary for the advancement of his glory.” The increase of benevolence among the converts is interesting and full of encouragement. The people at Umvoti received from their cane, during the year, sixty tons of manufactured sugar. Of this they contributed towards the building of their new brick chapel, eighteen tons— which sold in the market for about $1,750. Afterwards they pledged, from the next crop, eleven tons more, besides $100 in money, making a total for this object, of about $2,922. In addition to this, they have pledged themselves to pay $334.43 annually, towards the sup­ port of a younger man, if one shall be appointed to co-operate with Mr. Grout, whose health has for some time been feeble and inadequate to the labors of his station, and have subscribed 1 8 6 8 .] GREECE. 4 9

$170.45 for the support of a teacher for their day school during six months. Such fruits of the gospel grace of benevolence, assure us that the missionaries ‘ have not run in vain, neither labored in vain.’

EUROPE.

MISSION TO GREECE.

A th e n s .—Jonas King, D. D., Missionary; Mrs. Anna A . King. 1 station. 1 missionary. 1 female assistant missionary.

The last has been an eventful year in the civil affairs of Greece, and the changes which have taken place cannot be without influence upon the religious condition and prospects of the nation. The single missionary of the Board, who has labored there through so many years of comparative discour­ agement, meeting no little opposition, has witnessed at times, in connection with these changes, much to cheer him with the belief that these years of toil have not been in vain, and to encourage the hope that a brighter day, morally, may be about to dawn upon that people. About the 12th of October, 1862, King Otho and the Queen left Athens, to visit various parts of the Peloponnesus. On the 17th of that month, General Grivas raised the standard of re­ bellion in Yonitra, and issued a proclamation, calling upon the people to rise and regain their liberties. * The intelligence spread rapidly, cities and towns awoke, and on the night of the 22d of October, all Athens arose. Early on the morning of the 23d, a new provisional Government was organized. On that day, the King and Queen returned to the Pirasus, but were not permitted to come on shore; and the next day, Friday, October 24, they left for their fatherland, Germany. The joy of the people at their departure was said to be almost universal and unbounded. On the 3d of February, 1863, after an election by the people, the National Assembly proclaimed Prince Alfred of England, King of the Greeks. The whole number of votes cast by the nation was 243,622, of which 230,016 were for Alfred. Dr. King wrote : “ It seems as if a spirit had been sent out among the Greeks in all parts of the world, moving them to choose Alfred. They say nothing about his being re-baptized, and seem to take it for granted that he will remain a Protestant. They do not appear to be as much afraid of Protestantism as 5 50 GREECE. [Report, formerly. Russian despotism they are afraid of, and Jesuitism they hate. They declare that they will never have a Roman Catholic for their king; and say they would prefer a Turk, if he were baptized.” Subsequently, when the offer thus made to Prince Alfred had been rejected, and some in Europe were predicting that dissension and anarchy would soon cause another revolution of feeling and lead to the recall of Otho, he wrote again: “ That prophecy will never be fulfilled. * * The Greeks wish for a king, but not a Roman Catholic or a Russian. They wish for one who is a Protestant, and whom England will recommend, because they think a Protestant, recommended by England, will be honest, improve the internal situation of the country, and govern according to the Consti­ tution.” On the 31st of March, the National Assembly chose as king, George Christian William, the second son of Prince Christian of Denmark, brother of Alexandra, the present Princess of Wales ; but it was also voted that his legal successors shall pro­ fess “ the Eastern Orthodox Dogma.” The bearing of these movements upon religious prospects in Greece, and the hopefulness of Protestant effort, has been often alluded to in the letters of the missionary. He speaks of the influence of King Otho and the Queen, as having been by no means for the moral and religious good of the nation, but cor­ rupting in the highest degree. Not long after they had left, in December, 1862, he wrote: “ From what I see and hear, I have reason to believe that our labors in these regions, for thirty-five years past, will not all be lost. * * The greater part here now seem to be very friendly to me, most cordial,— and some even of the first of the clergy. . Not long since I met in the streets a lawyer, .who stopped me in the midst of the crowd, took me cordially by the hand and said, ‘ You see how those nappistes (the name of a party) who persecuted you a few years ago, are now sent away.’ I believe I wrote to you, that the editor of the 1 A g e 1 had been sent out of the country. Last week the editor of the ‘ H o p e,’ (the other scurrilous paper,) who years ago did every thing in his power to injure me in the minds of the people, and help on the persecution, was followed by a great crowd in the streets, not far from my house, hooted at, and pelted with rotten lemons and every thing filthy that could be found. He had for days been concealed, as I was told, at the French Legation, and did not dare venture out, for fear of losing his life ; while I, whose life he, by means of his vile paper, had put in danger, now go about freely, and am everywhere received as a friend, in the most cordial manner. * * I do not despair of Greece yet. My persecutions here, years ago, have been the means, I believe, of opening the eyes of 1863.] GREECE. 51 many. ‘ The wrath of man shall praise Him, and the remain­ der of wrath he will restrain.’ ” A week or two later, he mentioned efforts which he was making, by conversation with persons of intelligence, to impress upon their minds the importance of more attention to the Word of God, and spoke of having sent to the President of the Uni­ versity, for the students, two hundred copies of his book, “ John Chrysostom on the Reading of the Scriptures,” which were immediately distributed. He had given to a Bishop, a member of the “ Holy Synod,” a hundred copies of the same work, which he promised to send to the priests of his diocese. This Bishop was friendly to the distribution of the Scriptures in the language of the people, and had himself purchased many hundred copies of the modern Greek New Testament, for the people of his charge. He was. however, the only Bishop then known to Dr. King, who seemed to take any interest in fur­ nishing the people with the Word of God. Other indications were found of an increased appreciation of the value of that Word, and in February he stated that the Professor of Theology in the University had recently said to him, that he thought all the members of the Synod at Athens were then favorable to the distribution of the Scriptures among the people. “ If this be so,” he remarks. “ surely light is beginning to dawn.” About the same time he referred to another incident, as illustrating the change for the better, apparently going on in Greece. He had been invited by an attorney, who had the charge of the prison, to go there whenever he would like to do so, preach to the prisoners, and furnish them with books. In reply to this invita­ tion, he remarked that the Synod would not permit it, and related his former experience. “ The attorney listened atten­ tively to my story,” he writes, “ and replied, ‘ I am king in the prison, and 110 one shall hinder you.’ ” On the 30th of March he wrote : “ Day before yesterday I met a Greek from one of the Islands, who said to me, £ I wish to ask if you do not see a very great change in the whole Greek nation with regard to Protestantism.’ I replied, ‘ I do.’ He then said, ‘ The Americans committed a great fault. They were in haste to see fruits of their labor, and not seeing them, they withdrew their missionaries. They ought to have left them here. Now the fruits are beginning to appear.’ ” In May he wrote again : “ Some are beginning to see that what Greece needs, above all else, is moral and religious instruction. Some acknowledge this, which gives me hope for the future.” His mission, he says, has never seemed to him more important than now, and the hope is expressed that he has been kept in Greece,— hindered, providentially, when he would have left for his native land,— for such a time as this. 52 WESTERN TURKEY. [.Report,

It is worthy of remark, that just at this time, also, his health has considerably improved. In February, 1861, a severe illness brought him apparently near to the grave ; and for many months after his partial recovery, he was unable even to write or read, to any considerable extent. He was not permitted to resume his public Sabbath service until April last; but on the 26th of that month he preached in Greek, for the first time for more than two years. Not by formal preaching only, but still more by conversation and by the use of his pen, he is striving to improve all present opportunity to promote the moral and religious welfare of the people, and prepare the way for bringing back to Greece a Sabbath, the general reading of the Scriptures, and a pure faith. In January last, the Bishop of Karystia, excited by his efforts, published a pamphlet against him, the doctrines he pro­ mulgated and the books he was circulating, and in support of the errors of the Greek church. T o this Dr. King has replied, in a pamphlet which he trusts will do something to promote right views, especially in regard to the worship of the Virgin. As among the agencies from which he hopes for good, refer­ ence is made, in several of his letters, to “ The Star of the East” and its editor. Dr. Kalopothakes. This paper, he re­ marks, “ is gaining in reputation and influence, and. I consider it one of the most important means now used for the good of his nation.” The editor “ believes the Word of God to be the only rule of faith and practice, and declares this to all, without any equivocation. His talents and his family connections are such, and his conduct is so unexceptionable, that he has influ­ ence.”

EUROPEAN TURKEY AND WESTERN ASIA.

WESTERN TURKEY MISSION.

C onstantinople .—William Goodell, D. D., Elias Riggs, D. D., Ira F. Pettibone, Tillman C. Trowbridge, George F. Herrick, Missionaries; Mrs. Abigail P. Goodell, Mrs. Martha J. Riggs, Mrs. Margaret Trowbridge, Mrs. Helen M. Herrick.— One pastor, one licensed preacher, five teachers, and seven other helpers.

Sm y r n a .—Daniel Ladd, Edward M. Dodd, Missionaries; Mrs. Charlotte H. Ladd, Mrs. Lydia B. Dodd.— One pastor, one licensed preacher, and two other helpers.

B r o o sa .—Joseph K. Greene, Missionary; Mrs. Elizabeth A. Greene.—One pastor, three licensed preachers, three teachers, and five other helpers.

N ic o m e d ia.—Justin W . Parsons, Missionary; Mrs. Catharine Parsons.— Two pastors, two licensed preachers, and five teachers. 1863.] WESTERN TURKEY. * 5S

M a r s o v a x .—Julius Y. Leonard, Missionary; Mrs. Amelia A . Leonard, Miss Maria A. West, Miss Eliza Fritcher.—Two licensed preachers, four teachers, and five other helpers.

C e s a r e a .—Wilson A. Farnsworth, Missionary; Mrs. Caroline E. Farns­ worth.—Two licensed preachers, three teachers, and eleven other helpers.

S iv a s .— Oliver W . Winchester, William W . Livingston, Missionaries; H enry S . West, M. D., Missionary Physician; Mrs. Janette L. Winchester, Mrs. Martha E. Livingston, Mrs. Lottie M. West.—Four licensed preachers, and three teachers.

A d r ia n o p l e .—(Occupied by Mr. Crane until recently.)— One teacher, and one other helper.

E ski Z a g r a .—Theodore L. Byington, Missionary; Mrs. Margaret E. Bying- ton, Miss Mary E. Reynolds.—One teacher.

P kilippopolis . —James F. Clarke, Missionary; Mrs. Isabella G. Clarke.— Five helpers.

So p h ia .—Charles F. Morse, Henry C. Haskell, Missionaries ; Mrs. Eliza D Morse, Mrs. Margaret B. Haskell. Station not designated.—John F. Smith, Missionary; Mrs. Lizzie Smith. On their way to the mission.—George Washburn, Missionary; Mrs. Henrietta W ashbum. In this country.—Josiah Peabody, Henry J. Yan Lennep, D. D., Edwin E. Bliss, Missionaries; Mrs. Mary L. Peabody, Mrs. Emily Van Lennep, Mrs. Isabella H. P. Bliss.

OüT-STATIONS. Dependent on Constantinople— Rodosto.

Sm yr n a — Thyatira, Aidin.

, B r o o sa— Bilijik, Bandurma, Demirdesh, Moohalitch, Edinjik, Kutayah, Moo- • ratchai, Angora. N icom edia— Baghchejuk, Adabasar, Tamluk, Koordbeleng, Ovajuk.

M a r so v a n — Amasia, Charshambah, Uadji-Keuy, Samsoon, Vesir Keopreu, Zilleh.

C e s a r e a — Yozgat, Moonjasoon, Sungurlu, Injirli, Sarnkamzalu, Everek, Geme- rek, Nigdeh, Germir.

S iv a s— Gurun, Zara, Karahissar, Tocat. 11 stations. 35 out-stations. 22 missionaries. 1 missionary physician. 25 female assistant missionaries. 5 native pastors. 15 licensed preachers. 24 teachers. 36 other helpers.

Dr. Riggs was compelled, by his own feeble health and the dangerous illness of his daughter, recently deceased, to spend the greater part of the year in Malta and Egypt. His absence, added to the previous reduction, from various causes, of the missionary force at Constantinople, induced the Prudential Committee, in view of the importance of the work in that city, and the special demand for missionary labor and influence * 54s WESTERN TURKEY. [ Report, there at the present time, to request Dr. Wood, Corresponding Secretary of the Board at New York, to repair to Constanti­ nople, and labor for a year or more in that field. His previous experience as a missionary there, enabled him to undertake this special mission with a prospect of great usefulness. He arrived at Constantinople, March 7 ; and though returning after an absence of twelve years, found himself able again to enter at once upon direct labors among the people. Mr. and Mrs. H. C. Haskell sailed from New York for this mission, October 4, 1862. Mr. and Mrs. J. F. Smith sailed May 30, accompanied by Misses Fritcher and Reynolds, who went as teachers, to be located, the former at Marsovan, and the latter at Eski Zagra. The company reached Constan­ tinople, July 8. Mr. and Mrs. George Washburn sailed, on their return to the field, August 19. The health of Mrs. Crane has been such as to render it necessary for Mr. Crane to leave the work in which he was deeply interested at Adrianople, and come with her to the United States. They arrived, August 11 ; and having no expectation of being able to return, have asked and received a release from their connection with the Board. Miss Sarah E. West has also returned to this country, not expecting to be again connected with the work abroad. The efforts mentioned in the last Annual Report as in progress, for the apprehension of the murderers of Mr. Meriam, resulted in the arrest, conviction and execution of three out of the band of five engaged in the murder. The remaining two have also met with a violent and ignominious death, one having been assassinated, and the other shot down while committing high­ way robbery in an adjacent province. This summary ven­ geance overtaking the entire band, made a deep impression upon the people of the whole region. A very effectual check has been put to the brigandage so fearfully prevalent before ; and the attention of all classes has been drawn to the character, position and aims of our missionaries— which cannot but be of great advantage to their work. The Turkish authorities de­ serve much credit for the energy and impartiality displayed in the pursuit and punishment of the assassins. This is particu­ larly true of the Governor General of the Province, Kibrisli Mohammed Pasha, and Col. Nusret Bey, who presided at the trial. The thanks of the Board are due to Mr. Morris, the American Minister, whose energetic and persistent representa­ tions at the Porte, in the progress of the case, contributed very much to its successful issue. Grateful mention should also be made of the very zealous and effective efforts of Mr. John E. Blunt, English Yice Consul at Adrianople, who, from the beginning, did every thing in liis power to stimulate and direct 1863.] "WESTERN TURKEY. 55 the measures of the local authorities. With Mr. Blunt, Mr. Camerloher, the Austrian Consul of the same city, actively cooperated. The field of the Mission to Western Turkey embraces three distinct nationalities,— the Armenians, the Bulgarians, and the Turks. Statistics in regard to helpers, churches, congrega­ tions and schools, for the year 1862, will be found in tables on the following pages, so far as reported. Numbers given in the body of the Report do not always agree with those in the tables, as they are for a different period of time.

GENERAL ASPECTS OF THE ARMENIAN WORK. The number of churches is now nineteen,— one less than last year,— the church at Divrik having been transferred to the Eastern mission. Five of these churches have native pastors. One has become self-sustaining, others are nearly so, and all are coming forward, in this respect, at a rate of progress which, considering the poverty of the church members generally, the heavy taxes exacted by the Turkish Government, and the want of any previous training to habits of voluntary, systematic contribution, must be regarded as very encouraging. These young churches, scattered over a wide territory, have heretofore had little intercourse with each other. They now feel the desirableness of connection, for sympathy and mutual aid, as well as for the prevention of irregularities among themselves, and are taking steps towards the formation of some bond of union. While the missionaries would interfere as little as pos­ sible in this movement, and least of all attempt tp impose upon these churches the ecclesiastical polity of other lands, they regard it as their duty to encourage and counsel the pastors and brethren to go forward in this matter speedily, “ under the guidance of the Bible, experience and common sense.” The returns from the churches are incomplete ; but so far as received, they make the number of members admitted during the year 59, and the present total, 477. The congregations throughout the mission are on the increase ; and not only is there progress, as above indicated, in the direction of self-sup­ port, but in many instances there is a readiness to engage in individual and united efforts for the spread of the gospel in surrounding regions, which is highly gratifying. There has been, however, at most of the stations, a manifest lack of that special presence of the Holy Spirit which is so essential to the rapid progress of the Lord’s work. There is also great need of more native helpers. For the want of these, possessing the right character, the work in various places languishes, while many most promising fields of labor cannot be occupied. 56 "western turkey. [Report,

NATIVE HELPERS, CHURCHES AND CONGREGATIONS.

Native Helpers. Congregations and Churches. Sabbath Schools.

NAMES OF STATIONS, i l GO­ 'S °

Constantinople, 154 Smyrna, . 19 10 Broosa, . 90 20 Nicomedia, 95 25 Marsovan, 130 118 Cesarea, . 144 143 Sivas, 50 81 Adrianople, 33 16 Eski Zagra, Philippopolis, 12 Sophia, .

OUT-STATIONS. jDependent on Constanti­ nople. Rodosto, . . . 14 26 40 13 On Smyrna. Thyatira, . Aidin, .... On Broosa. Bilijik, Biindurma, . Demirdesli, . Moohalitch, . Kutayah, Angora, On Nicomedia. Baghchejuk, . . . 100 Adabazar, . 114 Tamluk, 20 On Marsovan. Amasia, . . . Charshambah, Hadji Keuy, Samsvm, Vizir Keopreu, . Zilleh, .... On Cesarea. Yozgat, 25 30 130 110 Moonjasoon, . . 45 27 Sungurlu, 25 16 Sam Hamzalu, . 15 Injirli...... 20 Everek, io- Gemerek, 20 Nigdeh, Germir, On Sivas. Gurun, . . Zara, .... 20 Karahissar, , . . 6 Tocat, .... 23 30 30

Totals, . . . 19 59 477 1,543 890 1863.] WESTERN TURKEY. 57

PROTESTANT COMMUNITIES AND SCHOOLS.

Civil Community, j Education.

¡g“ L i I . = STATION'S. 5* = «¿ i=ií.2j I

i 8î J 2* I1 07 Constantinople, 119 117 494 i 3 29 56 12 68 Smyrna, 15 6 23 ¡ . Broosa, . 40 22 130 j 1 29 E8 57 10 67 Nicomedia, 119 52 198 j 1 50 15 65 65 Marsovan, 95 29 218 ! 4 48 47 05 95 Cesarea, 135 70 230 3 62 23 85 30 115 S iv a s , 26 11 70 1 19 12 31 6 37 Adrianople, 15 15 • 1 5 5 10 • 10 Eski Zagra, Philippopolis • ’ l ‘ 3 *4 7 14 ' l 22 Sophia, .

OUT-STATIOXS. Dependent on Constanti­ nople. B,odosto, 32 14 22 1 34 16 50 . 50 On Smyrna. Thyatira, . 13 5 22 1 4 2 6 6 Aidin, 8 6 10 On Broosa. Bilijik, 16 6 30 1 8 2 10 10 Bandurma, 10 8 19 Demerdesh, 15 8 25 ’ 1 10 ' 2 12 12 Moohalitch, 8 5 12 Edinjik, 15 8 18 Kutayah, . 5 2 8 Mooratchai, 5 3 10 Angora, 8 3 10 On N'ir.omedia. Bagbchejuk, 134 60 207 1 25 18 43 43 Adabazar, . 80 29 139 1 42 23 65 65 Tamluk, 16 4 25 1 11 9 20 20 Koordbeleng, . 2 2 6 Ovajuk, 9 3 15 On Marsovan. Amasia, 1 10 3 13 13 Charshambah, . ’ 5 , 10 . Hadji Keuy, 6 2 11 ‘ l 22 8 30 30 Samsun, . 13 Vizir Keopreu, . ‘ l 10 ’ 5 15 15 Zilleh, • *3 • On Cemrea. Yozgat, . * . . 60 21 1 85 15 100 20 120 Moonjasoon, 24 11 42 1 17 G 23 4 27 Sunguriu, . 15 6 25 1 4 5 9 2 11 Sarn Hamzalu, . 5 2 12 ,... Injirli, 6 4 6 Everek, 8 4 19 ,., Gemerek, . 7 4 10 1 - 9 4 13 13 Germir, 1 1 2 1 13 8 21 • '4 25 On Sivas. Gurun, 26 15 26 1 S 8 16 16 Zara, .... 12 5 12 1 6 3 9 . 9 Karahissar, 4 4 4 ,.# t Tocat, 26 16 26 1 18 12 30 • 30

Totals, ,145 583 2,162 33 581 310 891 14 89 994 58 WESTERN TURKEY. [Report,

It is a painful fact, that in the present weak and crippled condition of the mission, no adequate provision can be made for the education of native helpers. This subject occupied much of the time at the late annual meeting of the mission. Various suggestions, as to’ ways of meeting the want, were discussed,— such as sending promising young men to the training schools of neighboring missions, and the formation of station-classes; but no plan seemed adequate except the opening of a school within the bounds of the mission itself; and an earnest request has been made, that a new man may be sent from the United States, as speedily as possible, to take charge of such a school. The Female Boarding School (suspended during the past year) is to be reopened at Marsovan, and Mr. Dodd, of the Smyrna station, is expected to remove there and take the over­ sight of it, in connection with other missionary labor. The pupils are to “ conform to native habits in dress and mode of living, to do their own housework, so far as will not interfere with their studies and out-door exercise ; and so far as possible, to pay their own expenses.” Candidates for admission must pass an examination in the primary branches taught in the station common schools. The seminary course will extend through three years, and be specially designed to prepare pupils to become teachers of the common schools, and wives of the native preachers and other helpers. Miss Sarah E. West, one of the teachers in the school while it was at Hass-keuy, having returned to the United States, and the health of Miss Maria A. West being very much impaired, Miss Eliza Fritcher has been recently sent out to take the charge of the new enterprise, under Mr. Dodd’s supervision. The mission deeply feels the need of reinforcement, so greatly has its number been reduced by death, sickness and other causes. It was the unanimous judgment of the late annual meeting, that “ an associate for Mr. Farnsworth, of Cesarea, one for Mr. Clarke, of Philippopolis, and a strong man for the Theological Seminary, are imperatively needed.” This was before the return of Mr. Crane, which creates an urgent call for another new laborer.

STATIONS AND OUT-STATION S. Dr. Hamlin, in the delay of his new enterprise of a college for Turkey, and Rev. I. G. Bliss, Agent of the American Bible Society, have rendered much assistance to the brethren at Constantinople, in preaching. Mr. Trowbridge has had charge of the missionary work in the city proper, assisted by Mr. Petti- bone, who has, however, given most of his time to the financial affairs of the mission and the Publication Department. At 1863.] WESTERN TÜRKET. 59

Hass-keuy, an increase of religious interest has been manifested. Tw o weekly prayer-meetings, which commenced with the new year, are still maintained, with a good attendance. The Yeni Kapoo church and congregation are doing more than ever before for the support of their own institutions. But the work generally, in the city, labors under a complication of adverse influences. The difficulties of the Pera church still continue, with perhaps some slight abatement; and outside of that church there are professed Protestants, “ whose principal occupation, so far as relates to religious things, would seem to be to find fault with the missionaries.” Some of them were formerly in the employment of the mission, and having been dismissed, either because of necessary retrenchment, or their own unfaithfulness, they have become embittered in their feelings, and now exert themselves to prejudice others against the whole body of missionaries. Another obstacle is found in the personal and party contentions among the native Protestants themselves. These are particularly rife at Constantinople, in connection with the business of the Protestant civil organization. This business has respect to the whole body of Protestants in the land, but its management, from the necessity of the case, devolves upon those residing at the capital, who, unused to such affairs, and with little mental discipline, are thus exposed to disorders and contentions. The discordant elements have combined into two parties, which, during the past year, with great bitterness of feel­ ing towards each other, have struggled for the control of the civil organization. It can be easily understood what injury has resulted, and what scandal to the Protestant name. Upon all the residents of the capital there rests, also, the influence of the ever-increasing wickedness of the great city. Under such circumstances, the love of many once faithful disciples waxes cold. Still weak in the faith, hardly yet redeemed from the power of old civil habits, they are poorly prepared to make headway against the strong current of sin, and are too often borne away by it. In the midst of these obstacles and discouragements, the missionaries report themselves as troubled on every side, yet not disheartened, perplexed but not in despair. They are by no means disposed to slacken their efforts for the regeneration of the capital. On the contrary they say: “ The reason for giving immediate, earnest and prayerful attention to the missionary work here was never greater, never more pressing, than at this moment.” They speak of the great number of Armenians residing in the city, who are becoming more and more access­ ible ; of the thousands and tens of thousands who come up from remote parts of the empire to Constantinople every year, seeking employment, who crowd the great khans of the city, so 60 WESTERN TURKEY. [Report, that “ in some of them may be found more adult male Armeni­ ans than in half a dozen ordinary villages in the interior,” and who present a most promising field for the labor of the mission­ ary and the colporter. And they add: “ Another and greater reason is the vast influence of the capital upon the future des­ tinies of the country. Constantinople is to Turkey, what Lon­ don is to England, or New York to America,— the commercial centre of the country, and therefore a centre of political and moral influences. Under God, it is for the missionaries of our Board to determine, in a good degree, the future character of the moral influence of this great centre.” The work at Rodosto, the only out-station connected with Constantinople, is prosperous. The native pastor is abundant in labor, and has opened a second place of worship, on the western side of the town, where a flourishing school has also been started. The congregations at Smyrna, and its out-stations, still remain small, but the light is* slowly spreading from those centres to surrounding regions. The Smyrna and Aidin railway enables the missionaries, more easily than ever before, to reach the out­ posts of their field, and to push those outposts still further into the surrounding country. The Broosa station, after an interval of ten years, has been reoccupied during the past year; not, however, for the resump­ tion of missionary labor in that city specially, but for more convenient access to adjacent regions. Hence the labors of the one missionary stationed there are principally in the way of tours. In his field are thirty towns and cities, containing over 30,000 Armenians. In thirteen of these towns there are enlightened Protestants, and much that is encouraging in many other places. In the city of Broosa itself, the church is rapidly coming forward to an independent position. The brethren manage their own business, and make their own arrangements with pastor and teacher. The aid rendered by the Board is paid directly into the hands of the church committee. That aid, in 1861, was $684; in 1862, $240; and this year it will be only $180. The community numbers 130 persons, great .and small; but there are only 22 taxp-aying males, and of these quite a number are poor, unmarried young men, and yet, since August last, they have paid twenty-six dollars a month for the support of their pastor and the teacher of the school. They have also, of their own accord, organized a society among themselves for the maintenance of a city missionary, at an expense of seven dollars a month. The field of the Nicomedia station embraces, within a circle of fifty miles, 30 Armenian communities, numbering 100.000 1863.] WESTERN TURKEY. 61 souls. All parts of this field have been repeatedly visited during the year, by the one missionary, “ and not without encouragement.” The great want continues to be that of suitable native helpers, for continuous labor at the promising points. The church at the out-station of Adabazar has now its own pastor, who has also principal charge of the school, and is entirely supported by his people. At the end of the first year of this effort, they say to the missionary,— “ We have proved the Lord, and found his word true. It is blessed to give. We are encouraged, and wish you to be. We cannot go back, we must go forward.” At Baghchejuk, divisions in the church have led to the resignation of the pastor. Both here and at Nicomedia there is great need of a revival of religion, to bring the professed disciples of Christ to union among themselves, and to the recog­ nition of their duties towards others. From Marsovan and some of its out-stations, there comes the cheering intelligence of “ unusual attention to divine things, increasing zeal for knowledge, and a growing missionary spirit.” The services of the Sabbath have been sustained with interest, and “ at the inquiry meetings, young converts have wept and prayed and rejoiced together.” The Sabbath school embraces the entire congregation, numbering from 100 to 150. Every male member of the church is a teacher, with one exception. Some of the females also assist in the instruction. In their zeal for the spread of the gospel, some of the brethren have left their shops, to labor for days at a time in surrounding villages. One, a shoemaker, taking, weekly, a sack of Bibles and one of shoes for sale, and making his way twenty-five miles, back and forth, in the winter, through deep snows, has carried the gospel to the town of Iladik, and had for his reward the gathering there of an audience, of from ten to twenty, who heard the word gladly. The Protestant community of Marsovan has raised $100 for the support of the institutions of the gospel, though “ not over nineteen families are above absolute penury.” A system of graded schools enables the native teacher, with some assistance from the missionary, to carry young men through the studies preparatory to a theological course, while residing at their own homes. “ Twenty pupils are thus instructed, at an expense to the Board not exceeding seventy-five dollars a year.” The High School for girls, conducted on a similar plan, numbers twenty-six pupils, and exerts a healthful influ­ ence on the community. Some of the pupils are from Arme­ nian families of wealth and high position, but breaking through all the prejudice against female education and the name of Protestant, “ they come and sit at the feet of a young teacher, in an unfurnished and unattractive school-room, to be 6 62 WESTERN TURKEY. [Report, taught to read God’s word ; and then, on their way home, drop in to give a lesson to those less enlightened.” Miss Maria A. West, formerly of the Constantinople station, has spent most of the past year at Marsovan, laboring with much encouragement among the females of that city. Opportunities for religious conversation with Moslems, and for the distribution of books among them, are of daily occurrence, and have been improved, so far as the time and ability of the missionary allowed. At the seven out-stations connected with Marsovan, small congre­ gations have been gathered, and the influence of the truth is extending, though its friends are exposed to much obloquy and persecution. Within the bounds of the Cesarea station, the number of Protestants has increased during the year from 380 to 479, the average attendance upon the Sabbath services from 309 to 409, the number of pupils in the schools from 123 to 251, and the contributions from $145 to $292. In Cesarea, sixteen have been added to the church, and eight at the out-station of Yozgat. The Protestant community at Cesarea has built for itself a nice school-house, at a cost of $250. The church has called one of the recent graduates of the Bebek Theological Seminary to be its pastor, and the missionary finds him “ a most valuable accession.” “ He has secured the confidence of all, and exerts a most excellent influence.” The people pay three-eighths of his salary. At Yozgat, another of the Bebek students has had charge of the school and assisted in the preaching. Under his care, “ the school has enjoyed a prosperity never before known.” Recently, some “ old leaven” has appeared among members of the church there, and hindered its prosperity • but it is hoped that, in the end, Christian principle may triumph over passion. At most of the other out-stations there has been progress. At Sivas, the labors of the missionaries have been hindered by an unusual amount of sickness in their families. An old quarrel among the native brethren, revived during a portion of the year, has also had a disastrous influence, though now, as is hoped, it has been brought to an end. The Sabbath audience numbers 50, the Sabbath school 80. Dr. West has had much opportunity for religious conversation, in connection with his extensive practice among the sick. He has six medi­ cal students, five of whom are Protestants and two hopefully pious men. In tours through the surrounding region, the mis­ sionaries and their helpers find an increasing desire to hear the truth, and the sale of Scriptures and other books has been double that of any previous year. At the out-station of Tocat, seven members of the church have been excommunicated., leaving the present number twenty-three ; but the prospects of 1863] WESTERN TURKEY. 63

the work are more encouraging than last year. The native preacher is very acceptable, and will probably become the pastor. In connection with other out-stations encouraging facts are reported. At Adrianople, the average attendance at the preaching ser­ vice has been thirty-five, or nearly double that of the previous year, and a weekly Bible class has numbered twenty. But the time and strength of \he one missionary here have been given very much to labors outside these regular services. Adrianople having been the scene of the trial and punishment of Mr. Meriam’s murderers, the public attention there has been much drawn to the doctrines and aims of Protestant missionaries, and Mr. Crane has found “ most abundant opportunities to preach the gospel, in the house and by the way, to all classes, from high officials, priests and bankers, down to the gipsy street scavenger.”

BULGARIAN STATIONS. The work among the Bulgarians, while not answering the expectations entertained a few years since by some, is making progress. Increasing acquaintance with the missionaries is rapidly removing old prejudices against the Protestant faith. The time was, when a majority of the Bulgarians, if compelled to choose between Protestantism and Mohammedanism, would have chosen the latter. Now, the conviction is gaining ground, not only that Protestantism is a Christian faith, but that it is purer than their own. The Scriptures and religious tracts in the Bulgarian language are eagerly purchased and read, and in many instances, especially among the young men of the nation, the perusal of these books has led to deep consideration of divine truth, and, in some cases, to the hopeful conversion of the soul. One great obstacle to the progress of the gospel among the Bulgarians has been the strong attachment of all classes to their national unity. Men have discouraged and opposed the examination of evangelical doctrines, lest the result should be a schism in the nation; but God in his providence seems about to take this stumbling-block out of the way, by removing all hope of maintaining that national unity. The Turkish Gov­ ernment, it is understood, has issued orders enforcing the sub­ jection of the Bulgarians to the domination of the Greek Patriarch, against which the great mass of the people have been so long contending. The result must probably be, a division in the nation. A very large part, in their bitter hatred of the Patriarch, will seek refuge from his power by becom­ ing Papists, while others will submit to the Patriarch. The 64 WESTERN TURKEY. [Report,

“ national idol ” will be broken,— their unity gone. Some few enlightened men may join the Protestants, but the great gain will be in the loosening of restraints upon religious discussion heretofore existing. Mean time our brethren, at their various stations, are laboring on in hope, not despising the day of small things. At Philippopolis, the average attendance upon the preaching on the Sabbath has been but twelve ; while a more informal service, held in the evening, has brought in many who would not attend in the day time. The school for the education of young men, in the hope that they may become helpers to the mission, now numbers seven pupils. The death of Mr. and Mrs. Meriam seems to have led many of these to very serious consideration of their own spiritual condition, and it is hoped that some have been renewed by the Holy Ghost. An experi­ ment has been made of sending them out during vacation, as colporters, to surrounding villages. They had much success, sold many copies of the Scriptures, and while encountering no little opposition at some places, it is believed that, according to their ability, they faithfully preached the word. The reflex influence upou themselves, in deepening their own religious feelings, and in quickening their desire for instruction, has been very marked. At Eski Zagra, the Sabbath audience continues very small. Still the year has not passed without encouraging events. A school for girls has been successfully commenced, under the care, for the present, of a young lady, by birth a Bohemian Catholic, but who speaks the Bulgarian like a native. She has been for some time under instruction in a missionary family, and gives good evidence of piety. The school has encoun­ tered much opposition, and was suspended for a few weeks, but it now numbers twenty pupils, “ is patronized by some of the most influential families in the town, and is regarded by the better class of citizens with general and increasing favor.” Miss Reynolds, who has lately joined the mission, is to take the charge of this school, which, as a seminary for the educa­ tion of female teachers, is regarded as a most important instru­ mentality in the evangelization of the Bulgarians. Sophia is a new station, about four days’ journey north-west of Philippopolis. The location is healthy. The population numbers 30,000, of whom one-third are Bulgarians. The general appearance of the city is mean, the houses being “ infe­ rior to many an American stable,” but the quarter of the Bulga­ rians is rapidly improving. Mr. and Mrs. Morse removed to this place from Adrianople in October, and were joined in December by Mr. and Mrs. Haskell, new missionaries from the 1863.] WESTERN TURKEY. 65

United States. No public service has yet been attempted, but the missionaries go out on the Sabbath, Testament in hand, to converse with whom they m ay; and during the week, extend their acquaintance with the people by visiting them at their homes and shops. Many individuals are found who possess and read with interest copies of the Scriptures. All such, however, expose themselves to much obloquy and persecution when the fact is known. The missionary field connected with Sophia is very exten­ sive. Within fifteen or twenty hours’ travel of the city there are six or seven hundred towns or villages. At Samokave, a beautiful town nine hours to the south-east, with a Bulgarian population of 10,000, the work has opened with encouraging indications.

THE TURKISH WORK. The missionaries to the Armenians and Bulgarians, at their various stations throughout the coimtry, are continually having intercourse with the Mohammedans around them, and find frequent opportunities to preach to them the gospel of Christ. The same is true of members of the native churches under their care ; and the fact that the work among the Christians thus touches, in so many points, that among the followers of the false prophet, seems to demand that the Board enter actively upon this latter work. Indeed the evangelization of the Mo­ hammedans was, from the beginning, regarded as the great end of our missionary enterprise in Turkey. It may not be neces­ sary to send any large nujnber of missionaries from this country with special reference to the Mohammedans, for the revival of pure religion in the Christian communities of the empire, it may be confidently hoped, will raise up such a body of * laborers on the ground as will obviate the necessity of provid­ ing many from abroad. But, for the present, foreign laborers are needed. The only member of the mission, however, whose efforts have been specially devoted to this people, is Mr. Her­ rick, of Constantinople. He has maintained a preaching ser­ vice through the year at his own house, attended by eight or ten Turks, and some thirty Armenians who have come in from the neighborhood. A meeting for Mohammedans has also been held, during the latter part of the year, every Friday. One of the Turkish converts employed to labor among his own people, has been earnest and faithful, and has not labored in vain. Mr. Herrick has devoted much of his time to the preparation of books. A Catechism on the Ten Commandments, and a Commentary on the Sermon on the Mount, have been printed, with the knowledge and official sanction of the Government 66 WESTERN TURKEY. [Report, censor. It is believed that there will be no objection, on the part of the authorities, to the publication of uncontroversial books and tracts, and that in the present condition of the Mohammedan mind, such books will be of great benefit. Mr. Washburn, on his return to Constantinople, is to be asso­ ciated with Mr. Herrick in the Turkish work. The national exhibition of industry just opened at the capital, the publi­ cation there of a literary magazine in the Turkish language, and the delivery of regular courses of lectures on Natural Sci­ ences, History and Philosophy, by educated Turkish gentle­ men, are indications of a waking up of mind among the Turks which should not be neglected by those who would labor for their conversion to Christianity.

PUBLICATION AND DISTRIBUTION OF BOOKS. Within the year, Dr. Goodell has completed the revised edition of the Armeno-Turkish Bible, published at the expense of the American Bible Society. Dr. Riggs has continued his labors upon the Bulgarian Scriptures. Dr. Schaufller, not now connected with the mission, has been engaged, under the auspices of the British and Foreign Bible Society, upon the translation of the Scriptures into the Turkish language, to be printed in the Arabic character. The pages of Scripture printed during the year numbered 3,664,000. Other books and tracts were published, by the help of English and American Tract Societies, to the amount of 3,934,000 pages ; and the religious newspaper has been continued, with an increasing circulation, under the care of Mr. Pettibone. The distribution of books, now exclusively by sale, is on the increase. The total receipts from sales, during 1862, from the whole field, after deducting cost of transportation, (a heavy item, as boxes must be sent much of the way on horseback,) amounted to 588 Turkish liras, or $2,232. The number of volumes of the Scriptures put in circulation during the year, was 7,610, and of books and tracts, 36,552. The efficiency and success attained in this department are due very much to the voluntary labors of Rev. I. G. Bliss, who, in addition to his proper duties as Agent of the American Bible Society, has kindly taken upon himself the management of the department, including the care of the central book depot at Constantinople, the forwarding of books to the interior, and the keeping of accounts with the different stations. 1863.] CENTRAL TURKEY. 67

CENTRAL TURKEY MISSION.

A in t a b .—Benjamin Schneider, D. D., Missionary; Miss Myra A . Proctor, Teacher.—Two native pastors, two preachers, and eight teachers.

M a r a s h .—George H. White, Andrew T. Pratt, M. D., Missionaries; Mrs. Joanna F. White, Mrs. Sarah F. Pratt.—One native preacher, seven teachers, and one helper.

O o r f a .—George B. Nutting, Missionary ; Mrs. Susan A. Nutting.—One native preacher, and three teachers.

A l e p p o .— One native pastor, and one teacher.

A n t io c h .—Homer B. Morgan, Missionary; Mrs. Susan H. Morgan, Mrs. Josephine L. Coffing.— One native pastor, and one teacher.

A d a n a .—Zenas Goss, Alvan B. Goodale, M. D., Missionaries; Mrs. Mary E. Goodale.—One native pastor, and two teachers. In this country.— Mrs. Susan M. Schneider.

O u t - s t a t i o n s . Connected with A in t a b .— Birijik, one native preacher, and one teacher. Orool, one native preacher, and one teacher. Jibbin, one helper. Ehnesh, one teacher. Hassan Beyli, one helper. M arash .— Albustan, two teachers, and one helper. Yarpuz, one helper. Kishifli, one helper. Ajemli, one helper. Fundajuk, one helper. Dere Gower, one helper.

O o r f a .— Severek, one preacher, and two teachers. Adyaman, one teacher, and one helper. Behesne, one teacher, and one helper. Germish, one helper.

A l e p p o .— Killis, one pastor, and two teachers. Eybez, one helper.

A n tio c h .— Kessab, two teachers. Ekiz Olook, two teachers. Bitias, one pastor. Haji Habebli, one helper. Yoghoon Olook, one teacher. Beylan, one helper. Suedia, one teacher.

A d a n a .— Tarsus, one native pastor, one teacher, and one helper. 6 stations. 25 out-stations. 7 missionaries, two of whom are physicians. 8 female assistant missionaries. 8 native pastors. 7 native preachers. 40 teachers. 16 other helpers.

Mrs. Schneider, with the approbation of the Prudential Com­ mittee, is now in the United States. She arrived May 12, and is expecting soon to return to Aintab.

CHANGES PROGRESS AND ENCOURAGEMENT. In 1860, there were ten missionaries in this field. There are now but seven, and when the mission held its annual meet­ ing, in March last, two of these, Mr. White and Dr. Goodale, were spoken of as so much worn down as to be able to do 68 CENTRAL TURKEY. [Report, but little. The brethren seem to have been deeply impressed with a sense of their weakness as a mission, asking,— “ What are five men, to give the bread of life to five hundred thou­ sand ? ” A letter was prepared and forwarded to the Missionary House, very urgently calling for at least two more laborers, to be sent without delay. To meet the imperative wants of the field in the best possi­ ble manner, with the present small number of laborers, several changes were made. Mr. Nutting is again left alone at Oorfa, Mr. Goss removing to Adana. Dr. Goodale, for a time, must seek the recovery of health; and it being evident that he could not remain at Marash, the hope was entertained that he might be able, in the autumn, to join Mr. Goss at Adana. Mr. White, of Marash, being also much reduced in strength, it was arranged that Dr. Pratt should remove from Aleppo to that place ; the Aleppo station being committed to the care of Mr. Morgan, of Antioch, and the out-station, Killis, to that of Mr. Schneider, of Aintab. Yet the general letter, written by Mr. White in behalf of the mission, after referring to these changes and the urgent need of more laborers, says: “ In our weakness, however, God has not forgotten to be gracious. There has been a gen­ eral and encouraging progress in all parts of the field. The work in Aintab and Oorfa, especially the deep work of grace in the latter place, is peculiarly encouraging, and should call forth the thanksgiving of all God’s people. During the year, one hundred and forty have been added to the churches. “ We would speak with pleasure of the Sabbath schools. At every station, and we might say at every out-station, these nurseries of piety and scriptural knowledge are now found. They are composed, not as in America, chiefly of children, but of the whole congregation, from the little child scarcely able to talk, to the aged and bowed-down grandfather and grandmother. The lessons are first taught carefully to the teachers, and by them to their classes. Thus the congrega­ tions acquire an acquaintance with the Scriptures which they could gain in no other way ; and we would much prefer drop­ ping one of the sermons on the Sabbath, to giving up the Sab­ bath school. “ We would also speak with especial pleasure of Miss Proc­ tor’s Female Boarding School. She has met with many hin­ drances and delays in her work, but the school is now fully established, and promises to be a fountain from which many streams shall go forth to make glad the city of our God. We feel that, if her life is spared, the school will exert a deep influence on the condition of the females of this region. 1863.] CENTRAL TURKEY. 69

Already its influence is being felt in the surrounding places, one of the graduates having begun a school in Oorfa and another in Marash.”

NATIVE PASTORS. In the same letter, written at the time of the mission meet­ ing in March, the following language is used in regard to a subject of much importance,— providing native pastors for the churches. “ There is a very marked and cheering progress in the desire manifested by the churches to have their own pastors, supported, as far as possible, by themselves. Adana, Bitias, and Antioch, are now waiting to have their pastors ordained, while Kessab, Killis. Marash, Albustan, Birijik, Oorfa, Severek, and Adyaman, are all ready to call and settle pastors, so soon as suitable men can be provided. We rejoice in, and give thanks to God for these signs of good. We believe this to be God’s own plan, and may we not confidently trust that the seal of his blessing will be upon it. “ Good pastors are now the want of our field ; and in order to give the eight young men now receiving instruction from Dr. Schneider, an opportunity for becoming better fitted for their work,— by studying branches for which they have not yet had time and which are indispensable,— a term of six months’ more study has been granted them, i. e. to the spring of 1864 ; it being understood that, in case of urgent need, one more may be taken from the school in the fall, by special mission vote.” About two months after this letter was written, in May, a most interesting series of ordination services occurred ; at Adana on the 14th, at Tarsus on the 17th, at Antioch on the 22d, and at Bitias on the 24th of that month ; and in June a pastor was ordained at Killis also. Thus the desire of five of the churches has been already gratified. Letters published in the Missionary Herald for September, show how much both churches and pastors rejoiced in the establishment of the en­ dearing gospel relationship, and thus aflord increased occasion for the hope that, now, still greater prosperity and more abun­ dant spiritual blessings will be granted them.

STATISTICS. The more important statistics of the mission are presented in tabular form, on the following page. There appear to be, now, fourteen organized churches in this field, seven of which have pastors, one, at Aintab, having two. Six of these eight pastors have been ordained within the past year. The total number of church members, when the returns were forwarded, was 940, and the total average number of hearers, gathered at twenty- Laborers em­ Civil Community. Education. ployed. Churches and Congregations. Preaching.

■a

.a 1^ a B 0

a £> el a ‘3 STATIONS AND OUT-STATIONS. ■& o •n a "S 0 0 c â £ "o • h B 0 o O s i 0 tJ ,g . of mem­ churches. males. schools, 1 « £ certificate. payers. otal pupils in do. preachers. ión year. this ión umber umber of as registered in do. umber of ec. ec. instruc’n. of of pupils. Protestants. gations. ec. on ec. on profes­ on eceived umber umber of tax liole number )inmon I jmale pupils icensed 0 bers from the first. peaching places. verage Sab­ bath congre­ ther adults ther number rhole | ® .2 "O M w 0 E-i theol. classes. » n o a In schs. high 8c O* h tA 0Q o tí œtí ft w H fc <5 A in ta b ,...... 375 2,050 8 364 248 612 38 160 810 2 2 8 1 57 » 2 6 344 404 1 950 B i r i j i k , ...... 1 20 15 35 35 1 1 1 2 20 20 1 90 O r o o l , ...... 1 18 22 40 40 1 1 1 (¡0 t T i b b i n ,...... 1 15 15 1 1 50

E h n e s h ,...... 1 14 14 1 1 10 TURKEY. CENTRAL Hassan Beyli, .... 1 ., 6 6 1 . 1 15 M ar a s h , ...... 672 230 1,207 7 210 140 350 5 200 555 1 7 1 1 48 2 290 299 1 800 Albustan,...... 86 30 147 26 15 41 20 61 2 1 1 2 11 15 1 80 Y a r p u z , ...... 13 8 21 1 10 5 15 3 18 . 1 1 16 K i s u i f l i ,...... 5 2 10 1 9 1 10 1 11 1 1 10 A j o m l i , ...... 1 1 1 1 6 5 10 10 1 # t Fundajuk,...... 1 l>erc Gower, .... ' 1 1 ’ 1 1 1 ’l ‘ 2 ’ 2 . 1 . O o r f a ,...... 157 79 261 67 56 123 17 100 240 1 3 1 14 18 1 220 Severek, ...... 47 23 88 22 18 40 . 40 1 2 1 3 10 10 1 60 Adyaman,...... 90 40 155 1 40 20 60 60 1 1 1 10 11 1 150 B eh esn e,...... 30 11 44 1 20 1 21 15 36 1 1 1 45 Germish, . . . . . 3 3 , 1 1 A lep p o ,...... 41 13 56 1 25 25 25 1 1 1 5 12 17 1 65 Killis...... 123 52 237 80 30 110 35 145 1 2 1 10 Ï 36 42 1 150 Eybez...... 33 17 74 1 10 7 17 . 17 1 1 25 A n t i o c h , ...... 17 11 37 1 60 60 6 66 1 1 1 5 5 1 30 B i t i a s , ...... 100 41 100 1 83 12 45 25 70 1 . 1 3 24 24 1 65 JIaji Ilabebli, .... 11 6 21 1 35 35 6 41 1 2 2 1 21 likiz Olook, . . . . 178 74 353 2 12 13 25 18 43 2 4 47 49 2 «10 Beylan, ...... ,# 1 ( Yoglioon Olook, 4 4 " 6 1 4 . 4 4 1 #

S u e r l i a ,...... 18 18 IS 1 . [Report, K e s s a b , ...... 284 112 540 53 32 85 65 150 2 Ï 2 2 86 98 1 300 A d a n a ,...... 49 31 66 2 28 29 57 1 58 1 2 1 19 23 1 70 T a r s u s , ...... 20 12 28 1 9 9 18 . 18 1 1 1 1 10 10 1 36 Totals, .... . 148 . 1,893 61 657 2,611 8 ~ T 40 16 14 K if ~IT 9 940 1.0-17 26 3,398 1863.] CENTRAL TURKEY. 71 six stated places of preaching on the Sabbath, 3,403. Forty- eight common schools number 1,893 pupils, and there are four­ teen pupils in a higher school at Aintab, fifteen at Oorfa, and sixteen in Miss Proctor’s school for girls at Aintab, four of whom are boarders. There are also reported sixteen students in the theological classes,— eight at Aintab, five at Marash, two at Oorfa, and one at Adana,— and 657 adults are learning to read under the instruction of the “ little teachers,” mentioned in former Reports. That there has been, in these various departments of the work, gratifying progress within the year, will more fully appear by reference to reports from the different stations.

THE STATIONS. At Aintab, the parent station of this mission, which has been occupied since 1848, there has still been much of that pros­ perity so marked in the past. The missionary force at the station has been reduced, Mr. Goss having removed to' Oorfa in the autumn of 1862, leaving Mr. Schneider alone ; but the work at this centre is coming more and more to be assumed, and sustained, by the native laborers and Christians. In Oc­ tober, the services of a second native pastor were secured, to aid in the care of a church and congregation grown to be too large for one. No division of the church has yet been effected, but 11 perfect harmony and confidence have existed between the two pastors, and the whole measure has worked admirably.” There has been harmony also among the people, and evidences of a work of grace have not been wanting. Fifty-seven members were added to the church during the year, making the present number three hundred and forty-four. The Sabbath congregation has not been far from one thousand, and the support of their own institutions, including schools, is now to be fully assumed by the people, so that hereafter, it is believed, little pecuniary aid will be required from the Board for the evangelization of Aintab. The contributions of the people for purely benevolent purposes, during the year, were 11,671 piasters, and for the support of the pastors and schools, 14,500 ; in all, 26,171 piasters, or $824. The church has also been carrying forward missionary opera­ tions, by two societies,— one of which supported preaching in the village of Jibbin, and the other at Orool. These two societies have now been united in one. The average attend­ ance at the Sabbath school, including teachers, has been 1,167, and the contributions of the school amounted to 3,171 piasters. T w o good rooms have been erected for infant classes, the funds for which were received from America, through Mr. Coffing’s influence. At a weekly meeting for females, frequently more 72 CENTRAL TURKEY. [Report,

than one hundred have been present. The monthly concerts, now held on Sabbath afternoons, are meetings of great interest. A new theological class of eight has been formed, to whom Mr. Nutting, from Oorfa, gave Bible instruction for several weeks in the summer. In their theological studies, these young men manifest a lively and intelligent interest, and they exhibit a very gratifying apparent readiness “ to go any where among their own people, or even to other nations, to preach Christ.” A suitable building has been rented for the female school, which has been occupied since October. This school has assumed the form of a boarding institution, with, at present, four boarding pupils. The conduct of the girls has been quite satisfactory, five pupils have united with the church during the year, and the school is looked upon with much interest and hope. A class of eight, who had been under instruction for three years, graduated in the fall, of whom two are now teachers, (at Marash and Oorfa,) and three others are expected to be, ere long, the wives of native preachers. In the common schools there has been little change. The formation of an Episcopal church at Aintab, by Garabed, of Diarbekir, (referred to in the Missionary Herald for March last, p. 72,) has not, as yet, effected much. “ The impression of the whole movement on the Protestants has not been favor­ able, nor have many Armenians been attracted by it.” At Marash, the Protestant community has increased within the year, from 1,101 to 1,207, and there are other signs of pro­ gress. Outside of this community, drunkenness and supersti­ tion are diminishing ; “ thousands have been led to see the emptiness of their dead forms of worship,” who are not ready to espouse the cause of despised Protestantism ; “ they are beginning to renounce some of their foolish ceremonies ; ” “ to remove, somewhat, the picture worship from their churches ; ” 11 to teach their children modern tunes,”— often the same that are sung by the Protestant Sabbath schools ; “ to send out children from their schools to teach the women to read,”— fol­ lowing the example of the Protestants; and some have gone so far as to invite the mission helpers to preach to them the whole gospel every Sabbath, in their churches ; only requiring that these helpers should give up attending the Protestant church, which of course they would not do. The church now num­ bers 290 members, of whom 114 are females. Dr. Goodale wrote, in December last: “ We have just completed our semi­ annual examination of candidates for church-membership. Seventy-five came, of whom not more than fourteen will be received now. Many of those who will not be received give apparent evidence of piety, but it was thought best for them to wait until another time. It is most interesting to listen to the 1863.] CENTRAL TURKEY. varied experiences of those who come, aijd to trace the wonder­ ful workings of the Spirit of God in bringing them from dark­ ness to light.” The Sabbath school, day schools, and adult instruction, continue much as they were. The Home Mis­ sionary Society of the church has been conducted with the usual, or perhaps an increasing interest, and has occupied two places the entire year, one other most of the year, one for about six months, and one for a short time. Considering their deep poverty, the contributions of the people, for educational, benevo­ lent and religious purposes, have been large, amounting in all to $475. It is felt that a second church is already needed at Marash as well as at Aintab. The Sabbath congregation numbers eight hundred, and the Sabbath school the same. The native pastor, Rev. Polat Avedis, left the place in June, and the church is now without a pastor. A young man from the last class at Bebek is laboring with them. The progress at Oorfa also, since that place was first occu­ pied as a station, and during the last year, has been such as to call for grateful praise. When Mr. Nutting went there, in 1857, the church numbered six, and the congregation, for the first year, about twenty. The: church is still small, (fourteen,) but these, with only one exception, are spoken of as “ active, work­ ing Christians ; ” two other churches, at out-stations, have each ten members; and the congregations are, as reported in the Tabular Yiew, at Oorfa, 220; at Adyaman, 150 ; at Severek, 60 ; and at Behesne, 45. At the first three of these places, respectively, the same numbers are reported as in the Sabbath schools. Marked improvement is noticed among the people at Oorfa, “ in respect to knowledge, and the conviction of the nature and requirements of Christianity; and also in their views respecting the right education and training of children.” And it is spoken of as a most gratifying evidence of God’s blessing upon the truth, that the Oorfa congregation, in addition to the support of its schools, has, since the 1st of January last, sup­ ported its preacher. The Protestants at out-stations are also learning, more and more, to do for themselves. Aleppo is now left without a missionary ; and during a great part of the year, Dr. Pratt was absent, at Kessab, Adana, and on journey in gs and detentions, attending on the sick. Five mem­ bers have been added to the church, making the present number twelve. The pastor has labored diligently and faithfully, amid discouragements and trials. The old church difficulty has been revived again, and a new disturbing influence has come in, by the appointment of Kos Butrus, once a member of the church, but excommunicated, as a missionary of the English Church Moslem Society. He at once opened a chapel at Aleppo, 7 74 EASTERN TURKEY. [Report,

and offered the communion, and baptism for their children, to all the Protestant non-cliurch-members whom he could influence. At the out-station, Killis, the Protestant community now numbers two hundred and thirty-seven, of whom fifty-two are tax-payers. The church has received ten by profession, and numbers thirty-six. The schools have been well sustained, with over one hundred scholars, of whom thirty are girls, instructed by a female teacher. The church has not yet settled a pastor, but various obstacles having been removed, it is hoped that their preacher, Thomas Kalfa, will be settled soon. Eybez, “ opened by a visit of Dr. Goodale and Mr. Goss, in May, has been managed exclusively by the Killis brethren.'’ The Protestants there number ten families,— seventy-four persons. In the missionary work at Antioch, little change has occurred. The small congregation has increased from twenty-five to thirty, and the number of Protestant families from five to nine. The Sabbath school includes the usual congregation. No day school for Armenian children has been sustained, the Armenians having provided a good teacher for themselves ; but the Arabo- Greek school has much increased, and has now more than sixty pupils. For some particulars respecting Adana, vacated by the death of Mr. Coifing, and now occupied, according to arrangements made at the last meeting of the mission, by Mr. Goss, reference may be made to a letter from Dr. Pratt, in the Missionary Herald for March last, page 79.

EASTERN TURKEY MISSION.

M o sul.— One native preacher and two helpers.

D ia r b e k ir .—Augustus Walker, Missionary; David H. Nutting, M. D., Mis­ sionary Physician; Mrs. Mary E. Nutting.—One native pastor, two teachers, and one other helper.

M a r d in .— W . F. W illiams, Missionary; Mrs. Williams.—Two native teachers.

E i t l i s . — George C. Knapp, Lysander T. Burbank, Missionaries; Mrs. Alzina M. Knapp, Mrs. Sarah S. Burbank.— One native preacher, and one teacher.

E rzro o m .— George A. Pollard, Missionary; Mrs. Mary Helen Pollard.—One native preacher, two teachers, and one other helper.

A r a b k ir .— Sanford Richardson, Missionary; Mrs. Khoda A nn Richardson.— One native preacher, and three teachers.

K iia r p o o t .— Orson P. Allen, Crosby H. Wheeler, Herman N. Barnum, Mis­ sionaries; Mrs. Caroline R. Allen, Mrs. Susan A. Wheeler, Mrs. Mary E. Bar­ num, Miss Arabella L. Babcock.— One native pastor, three teachers, and one other helper. On the way to the mission.—Moses P. Parmelee, Missionary; Mrs. Nellie A. Parmelee. In this country.—Henri B. Haskell, M. D., Missionary Physician; Mrs. Lucy C. Lobdell, Mrs. Sarah J. Haskell, Mrs. Eliza M. Walker. 1863.] EASTERN TURKEY. T5

O ut- station s . Dependent on Diarbekir.— Hinee, one preacher and one teacher. Cutterbul, one teacher. Chermook, one teacher. Also Bakur Maden, Carabash, Hasro and Gaour-keuy, occupied a part of the year. M abdin.— Kulleth, one helper. Seri, one helper. Mar Ahhah, one teacher and one helper. Hassan, one helper.

B i t l i s .— Moosh, one teacher. E rzroom .— Trebizond, one native pastor and one teacher. Chevirmeh, one teacher. Haramik, one teacher. Erzingan, one helper. Melikan, one helper. A r a b k ir .— Malatia, one preacher and two teachers. Gaban Maden, one preacher. Mashkir, one preacher. Shapik, one pastor and one teacher. Agn Village. one teacher. Yank. Egin, one helper. Divrik, one preacher. Sinjan, one helper.

K h a k i ’ o o t .— Bizmeshen, one helper. Choonkoosh, one helper. Geghi, one teacher and one helper. IJaboosi, one helper. Heusentk, one helper. Iloghi, one helper. Ilulakegh, one teacher. Ichme, one helper. Mezereh, one teacher. Palu, one teacher and one helper. Perehenj, one helper. Shukhaji, one helper. Chemishgezeh, one helper. Iloh, one helper. Taden, one helper.

7 stations. 41 out-stations. 10 missionaries. 2 missionary physicians. 14 female assistant missionaries. 4 native pastors. 9 licensed preachers. 29 native teachers. 26 other native helpers.

Mr. and Mrs. Parmelee sailed from New York, May 30, ex­ pecting to join this mission. Mrs. Walker is now on a visit to her native land, for the recovery of health. She arrived in Boston on the 12th of May.

STATISTICS. In connection with the last meeting of the mission, the native preacher, Baron Tomas Boyajian, was ordained as pastor of the church at Diarbekir, and thirteen persons, before mem­ bers of that church, were organized into a separate church at Cutterbul. There are therefore now connected with the mis­ sion, thirteen churches, four of which have native pastors. Thirty-three persons were received to these churches on profes­ sion during the year, and the present number of members is three hundred and fifty-three. The number of out-stations, and also of teachers and helpers, has considerably increased within the 3^ear. The more important statistics respecting the native helpers employed, the churches, congregations and Sab­ bath schools, the Protestant communities and common schools, at the several stations and out-stations, will be found in tables on the following pages. 76 eastern turkey. [Report,

NATIVE HELPERS, CHURCHES AND CONGREGATIONS.

Congregations Native Helpers. Churches. and Sabbath schools.

STATIONS AND OUT- 5 • ■? STATIONS. b S c 2 II ! ¡II M E 3 ¡SO fc IS3

A rabkir, 148 Malatiu, 30 Gaban Maden 25 Mashkir, 40 ghapik, 50 Agn Village 40 Vank, . 10 Egin, . Divrik, 13 14 30 Sinjan, 15 Bitlis, . 40 Moosh, 12 Diarbekir, 102 250 286 Hinee, . 55 Cutterbul, 80 75 Chermook, 18 Erzroom, 35 41 Trebizond, 47 47 Chevirmeh, 70 50 Haramik, 45 Erzingan, Melikan, 20 20 Kharpoot, 20 73 78 125 135 Bizmeshen, 20 Choonkoosh 55 Geghi, 70 Haboosi, 45 Heusenik, 33 Hoghi, 50 Hulakegh, 90 45 Ichme, 60 Mezereh, 40 Palu, . 50 Perchenj, 38 Shukhaji, 24 11 Chemishgezek, Hoh, . Taden,

Mardin, 65 Kulleth, 30 i . Sert, . 12 I . Mar Ahhah 15 i . Hassan, 50

Mosul, . 20 35

Totals, 9 29 26 2.017 14 993 1863.] EASTERN TURKEY. 77

PROTESTANT COMMUNITIES AND SCHOOLS.

Protestants. Schools.

Ô 6 a ii o’ «1 o •a § c ’!-• 9 ? 0 STATIONS A N D OIIT- "5 K *■* X "o kl a o O STATIONS. a £ - .=> 1 1 ft — 5 a O o . 3 ■§, 3 i p . S ^ e B. P_K o c r o .5 S ci .£> E 75 •32; tTp* a c e ^*5 Ç-^ oa: c £ ÿ £ 3 5 P. 3 1 1o a 0 r~ p. rA s SU 5" r*

A ra b k ir, ...... 193 92 336 3 60 20 80 15 95 Malatia, .... 15 7 25 2 50 20 70 14 84 Gaban Maden, 30 13 69 1 25 4 29 4 33 Maslikir, . . . . 49 27 83 1 20 8 28 28 Shapik, .... 38 17 85 1 24 6 30 30 Agn Village. 26 10 45 1 22 10 32 32 V a n k , ...... 6 2 11 1 8 3 11 11 D iv rik ,...... 27 11 43 1 13 9 22 22 Sinjan ,...... 13 5 23 1 8 2 10 10

Jiitlis, (no returns.) 2 D iarbekir, .... 298 169 485 60 40 100 • 100 Out-stations, (no returns.)

E rzroom , .... SI 14 61 2 2920 49 4 r>3 Trebizond, .... 94 1 48 48 48 Chevirmeh, .... 50 30 110 1 20 20 20 Haramik, .... 27 11 60 1 7 '5 12 *3 15 Erzingan, .... 1 Melikan, .... 1 6 6 6

K harpoot, . . . . 3 45 40 85 37 60 182 Bizmeshen, .... 1 18 2 20 8 28 Clioonkoosh, 1 30 2 32 14 46 G eglri,...... 1 20 4 24 50 74 Haboosi, .... 1 23 2 25 10 35 Heusenik, .... 1 24 3 27 10 37 H o g h i,...... 1 20 12 32 31 63 Hulakegh, .... 1 35 15 50 30 80 Ic h m e ,...... 1 29 9 38 24 62 Mezereh, .... 1 18 11 29 16 45 P a h i , ...... 1 20 6 26 20 46 Perchenj, .... 1 29 29 15 44 Shukhaji, .... 1 12 7 19 4 23 Cliemishgczek, 7 7 H o h , ...... 1 10 'l0 1 11 Taden, .... 1 15 15 4 19

M a r d i n , ...... 82 29 150 1 10 5 15 9 24 Out-stations, (no returns.)

M o s u l , ...... 60 28 110 2 22 15 37 - 37

Totals, .... 946 465 1,780 40 780 280 1,060 46 344 1,450

THEOLOGICAL AND OTHER SCHOOLS. The need of a suitable chapel and convenient premises for the Theological School at Kharpoot had been seriously felt. During the summer and autumn of 1862 “ a good substantial building ” was erected, chiefly by the aid of friends in America, the lower story for a chapel, and the upper for the use of the seminary. The chapel was dedicated November 23, and is said to be 11 all we could desire.” “ The influence for good Y8 EASTERN TURKEY. [Report,

was at once seen,” Mr. Wheeler wrote, “ in an increasing audience and he adds : “ So neat and well-lighted a place of worship, supplied as it is, without expense to the Board, with solar reflectors and two neat pulpit lamps, is exerting an influ­ ence for good in the villages. Already the people of three villages have covered the black, mud walls of their chapels with a neat white plaster, and four have purchased, one each, of the ‘ wonderful lamps, by the light of which a man can read on the opposite side of the room.’ Our villages are also, at their own expense, furnishing their places of worship with clocks, and beginning to learn that (to an oriental) very difficult lesson, to be regular and prompt, and to value time.” There have been thirty-nine pupils in the Theological School, — twenty-one in the first and eighteen in the second class,— nearly if not quite all of whom have been employed as helpers, in connection with different stations of the mission, during about four months of the year, and a part of them have been sent every Sabbath to neighboring villages ; eight out-stations being thus supplied. The report of the Kharpoot station says : We are more and more convinced that this system of combined labor and study is the one best suited to secure reliable pastors for the churches. In this testing process, some pupils have fallen out, and thus the Board has been saved the expense, aud the rising churches have escaped the danger, of educating the wrong men. We are peculiarly gratified in seeing the respect and affection with which the young men are received by the people. The influence of the wives of those who are married, is also very sensibly felt among the women.” At Mardin, in accordance with a vote of the mission, a “ Train­ ing School” has been commenced. The first class, of eight pupils, was received in September, 1862. Tw o of these are members of the Diarbekir church, and of four others the hope is entertained that they are Christians. Behnam Sikkar, who studied awhile at Abeih, has been called from Mosul to assist in giving instruction.” Miss Babcock, who was sent out last year to have charge of a girls’ boarding school at Kharpoot, arrived there on the 28th of September, 1862, and the station report says the prospects for the school are very gratifying. “ For the fifteen places there have been nineteen applications from Arabkir and Diarbekir, -and at least an equal number desire to come from our own out-stations, in addition to the day-scholars from the city. The most pleasing fact is, that while all the parents sending girls do it consecrating them, at least in profession, to Christ’s service, four of them, in addition to paying other bills,— for clothing, books in part, traveling, &c., which are paid by all,— promise ,to pay each sixteen dollars per annum; the sum demanded from 1863.] EASTERN TURKEY. 79 those best able to pay. Others will pay smaller sums. In Diarbekir. one man pays the sixteen dollars, leaving the mission­ aries to select the pupil. We have thus a prospect of success in this, as we suppose, hitherto untried experiment in the Board’s history,— the establishment of a partially self-support­ ing missionary seminary. The tables on preceding pages show that there are now connected with the mission 40 common schools, with 780 male and 280 female pupils, in all 1,060. Many adults are also receiving more or less instruction, as heretofore, and in Khar- poot there have been some evening schools, established by members of the church and others, for instructing young men and boys who work during the day.

PROGRESS. The reports from the different stations, and letters from the missionaries, give evidence that there is much to encourage in the general aspect of the work in this field. Mr. Barnum wrote in October of last year: “ We do not expect, generally, to see many signs of progress in our work during the summer; the winter is both seed-time and harvest. During the past season, however, in nearly the whole of our field, there has been more than ordinary interest. In Hulakegh, it appears to have become a fixed custom in the Armenian church, to have one service every Sabbath for the reading and explanation of the Scriptures, in the modern Armenian. The ecclesiastics have several times broken up these meetings, during the past three years; but the people have become persuaded that it is their right to read the Word of God, in a language which they can understand, and they no longer heed the voice of their blind guides. The same thing has been commenced in two or three other places, but the priests interfere and stop it. Eight or ten years ago, the ecclesiastics burned all the Bibles and Testaments they could get hold of in the modern language, but now it seems likely to become a common practice to have them read in the churches.” Two months later, in December, Mr. Wheeler stated: “ Vil­ lages which, a short time since, were so ignorant that our then wholly uneducated helpers were acceptable and useful, are now so advanced as to demand and need men of the first class [in the seminary.] But two or three members of the second class could now sustain themselves at any one of our regular out- stations, except as teachers of children. There is progress, too, in supporting the young men by the people. At all our out- stations, where wood and lights were formerly furnished by the Board, the people now bear the whole expense. The helpers are boarded by the people, also, at all our regular out-stations, 8 0 EASTERN TURKEY. [Report, except Pain and Choonkoosh, and this though some of the villages aid in supporting the city pastor.” In the report of the Kharpoot station for the year 1862, it is said : “ At nearly all our out-stations, as well as in the city, the number of persons giving serious attention to the truth is in­ creasing, while amonp those who never visit our chapels, there is a constantly progressing agitation. A reform party is rapidly acquiring influence, and to satisfy their demands, mid-day Sab­ bath services, for reading and expounding the Scriptures in the modern tongue, have been held in the churches in several vil­ lages. In this city, the party is one of intelligence, and they have formed a society for mutual improvement, one of whose rules is, that the Bible shall have a place in all their meetings.” “ In three years, closing with 1860, the sales of Bibles, and portions of it, were 1,658, and of other volumes, 2,741; but within the past two years, the sales have been, of Bibles, &c., 2,241, and of other volumes, 2,281. Numbers varying from six hundred to one thousand in all, are usually present in our chapels on the Sabbath, to some of whom the truth has come with saving power. During the year, twenty persons were received to the church, which now numbers seventy-three. Three more are to be received at the next communion, and at least twenty-five other persons give evidence of piety, most of them at out-stations, at some of which we hope ere long to organize churches.” The report from Arabkir mentions eleven young men, from seven different cities and villages in that field, connected with the Kharpoot seminary, giving occasion for grateful rejoicing in the prospect of having soon a class of helpers better fitted for their work than were formerly available, and then states : “ Those former helpers have, with an exception or two, proved themselves truly sincere and pious persons. Having done what they could, and aided in bringing forward, to succeed them, younger men of more extensive and varied attainments, they have humbly and gracefully returned to their former trades and callings; and as Sabbath school teachers and private Chris­ tians, still contribute, by well-ordered lives and a godly con­ versation, to the advancement of the good work. The retro­ spect of the tenth year of missionary labor in this field presents to us, and the friends of missions, much to awaken gratitude for the past, and hope for the future. With ten occupied places, including five considerable cities; with seven churches, ten congregations, and twelve schools; with a communion of nearly 150 members ; with hundreds of pupils of either sex, in the day and Sabbath schools; with an aggregate Protestant community of nearly 1,000 souls, rapidly acquiring the elements of an enlightened and Christian civilization; and with a noble 1863.] EASTERN TURKEY. 81 band of pious and well-instructed young men, looking forward to the pastorate of intelligent and self-sustaining churches, is it not plain that a covenant-keeping God has been pleased to hear the prayers, and to accept and bless the efforts and offerings of all who have helped to found and sustain the Arabkir station ? ” At Bitlis, persecution continues, so that u every permanent addition to the number of the Protestants furnishes a new instance; ” but the work of reformation has fairly begun. The attendance at the three Sabbath services has varied from twenty- five to sixty, the average being just forty. The hearers are mostly “ young men of promise.” More books have been sold within the year than during the previous three years. The ordination of a native pastor at Diarbekir, and the formation of a church at the out-station, Cutterbul, show pro­ gress there. The Sabbath congregation there numbers two hundred and fifty, and the two churches, at Diarbekir and Cutterbul, embrace eighty-nine members. At Erzroom, the Armenian Bishop, a man who formerly spent two years in the United States, has manifested a very friendly disposition towards the mission family. The Turkish author­ ities have also been favorably disposed, and have recently given to the Protestants a very eligible place for a burying-ground, though, in years past, much unsuccessful effort had been made to secure such a place. Concluding his report of this station and out-stations, Mr. Pollard says: “ Looking at this whole field, we find that there are about 321 Protestants; three churches, with 38 members ; about 242 hearers in five congre­ gations ; 150 persons under instruction [in schools]; and that 335 books were sold during the year at Erzroom and Trebi- zond.”

REINFORCEMENTS NEEDED. Here, as in other mission fields of Western Asia, providential openings, the success of past labors, and the promise for the future, if suitable efforts are made, present an urgent call for more laborers. The mission, at its last annual meeting, in May, felt constrained “ to renew the hitherto unsuccessful call for another missionary for Mardin,” where, it is said, two more are needed ; and for a reinforcement to enable them to occupy Van, “ a field which demands immediate attention.” Indeed, so important was it felt to be that a missionary should be located there with­ out more delay, that Mr. Walker offered, if his brethren thought it best, to leave his station at Diarbekir, (where there are many and strong reasons for his remaining,) and go himself to that place ; and the votes of the mission, on the question whether he should do so, were about equally divided. The opinion of Dr. Perkins, of the Nestorian mission, upon this point, was m SYRIA. [Report, published in the Missionary Herald for March of this year. He feels that “ the claims of Van for immediate and effective occu­ pation, can hardly be overstated.”

SYRIA MISSION.

B e ir u t .—William M. Thomson, D.D., C. V . A. Yan Dyck, M. D., Henry H. Jessup, Missionaries; George C. Hurter, Printer; Mrs. Maria Thomson, Mrs. Julia A. Yan Dyck, Mrs. Caroline Jessup.—Four teachers, and two other helpers.

A b e ih .—Simeon H. Calhoun, William Bird, Missionaries; Mrs. Emily P. Calhoun, Mrs. Sa/-ah F. Bird.—Three native preachers, and four teachers.

Su k el G htjub.— One native preacher.

S idon an d H a s b e iy a .—J. Edwards Ford, William W . Eddy, Samuel Jessup, Missionaries; Mrs. Mary P. Ford, Mrs. H . M. Eddy, Mrs. Ann Eliza Jessup ; Miss Adelaide Mascm, Teacher of the Female Boarding School.— Four native preachers, eight teachers, and one other helper.

H ums.— One native preacher.

T r ip o l i.— (Vacant.) On the way to the mission,— Philip Berry, Missionary ; Mrs. Berry. Tnthis country.—Daniel Bliss, J. Lorenzo Lyons, Missionaries; Mrs. Abby M. Bliss, Mrs. Catharine N. Lyons, Mrs. Elizabeth Hurter.

O u t- station s . Dependent on B e ir u t .— Kefr Shima.

A b e ih .— Ain-Zehalty, Aramon, Shimlan.

S u k e l G h u r b .— Bhowara.

S id o n .— Bteddin, Rasheiya, Kheiyam, Ibl, Blaat, Boaida, Deir-Mimas, Tyre, Cana, Alma, Bussa, Hasbeiya.

6 stations. 17 out-stations. 10 missionaries—one a physician. 1 printer. 13 female assistant missionaries. 9 native preachers. 16 teachers. 3 other helpers.

Mr. and Mrs. Samuel Jessup sailed from New York to join this mission, December 6. and arrived at Beirut, January 24. Owing to the pressing demands, of the work in the southern part of the field, they were sent to the Sidon station. Mr. and Mrs. Berry left this country, May 18, .designing, after spending a short time in Germany, to proceed to the Syria field; and Mr. and Mrs. Eddy sailed from New York, June 13, on their return to their missionary work. Mr. and Mrs. Lyons have been under the necessity of coming to the United States, and arrived in New York, July 2 5 ’ Mr. Lyons being con­ 1863.] SYRIA. 88 strained to seek entire repose, owing to protracted debility, induced by over-work. Mr. Bliss, with his family, is still in this country, laboring in behalf of the Syrian Protestant College, of which some notice may be found in the Missionary Herald for February last.

STATE OF THE COUNTRY. The last has been a year of peace in Mount Lebanon. His Excellency Daoud Pasha has been enabled gradually to secure order ; and by his promptness in punishing offenders, he has overcome the lawless. There has been far less of flagrant crime in the region than in any previous year, during the expe­ rience of the oldest missionary there. The indications which at first led many to suppose that the Pasha would use his office to favor Romanism and persecute the Protestants, have passed away. The missionaries and their native helpers go, by night and by day, where they will, and preach what they will, with­ out let or hindrance. The Pasha has several Protestants in office about him, and among them two,— one an Englishman, and the other a native Syrian,— in very important situations; and instead of objecting to the missionaries’ establishing schools, he encourages all efforts to promote the education of the people. When we consider that in his pashalic there are one hundred, and forty thousand Papists and only about one thousand Pro­ testants, we are surprised that a Roman Catholic Governor can be so liberal. In the other pashalics, of Sidon and Damascus, there has been less disturbance than might have been expected, so soon after the great massacres. Thus Syria has enjoyed more quiet than in previous years. The execution of the mur­ derer of Mr. Coifing, which was secured by the untiring energy of Consul Johnson, has exerted a salutary influence. The fu­ ture of the country, for good or for evil, must depend much upon the question of peace or war among the European powers.

SIGNS OF PROGRESS. Truth is permeating the masses. A spirit of inquiry manifests itself where least expected. There is progress, movement, ac­ tivity among the people. If it cannot be called a spiritual movement, it is certainly a religious one. Men are dissatisfied with their old modes and forms of worship; they cannot so easily tolerate a venal priesthood, and are becoming disgusted with its superstition, bigotry and licentiousness. From Hums on the north to Acre on the south, the almost daily cry is, “ Come and help us.” Deputations and petitions are constantly being received by the missionaries, with urgent requests for books, schools, preachers and teachers. Not a few who are 84 SYRIA. [Report,

seeking the light have passed through fiery persecutions. One, in a distant village, was stoned, spit upon, despoiled of his goods, led out, as he supposed, to crucifixion and death, yet he only said. “ Thus they did to my Lord.5’

BEIRUT THE CHURCHES. The talent and business energy of the country is rapidly concentrating at Beirut. A bank, a carriage road to Damascus, telegraphic and steam communication, printing presses, nu­ merous schools and hospitals, make Beirut the commercial, religious, educational and eleemosynary centre of Syria. The native missionary societies, which were established last year in Syria, afford, by their zeal, activity and success, the best kind of evidence that native churches will ere long be able and willing, not only to manage and support their own religious institutions, but to propagate the gospel among their countrymen. The society in Beirut, numbering about 200, including more than three-score widows and orphans, has, during the first year of its existence, supported a native missionary in Hums, a colporter for six months in Beirut, and a new book magazine. Besides the nightly prayer meeting and daily Bible lessons, conducted by the colporter, a few members of the society have maintained a regular Sabbath service at Kefr Shima, and conducted prayers every Sabbath at two other important places in the city. A monthly paper in Arabic is issued by the society, bearing mis­ sionary intelligence, from all parts of the world, to many in Syria and Egypt. The establishment of a Female Boarding School in Beirut, under native instruction and government, and which will ultimately be self-supporting, promises great good. Competent teachers have been secured, pupils are abundant, parents are rapidly learning the value of education for their chil­ dren, and many, who are able, are willing to pay for it. The money received from the pupils in the common schools in Beirut, for tuition, in some cases nearly pays all expenses. The missionaries feel, that by enlisting the natives in preaching the gospel and promoting education, real progress is made in the only direction which will secure the final victory. There have been several additions to the five churches during the year, which now contain one hundred and twenty-eight members, and a large number are asking for admission. The eagerness with which the Bible is sought after is one of the most cheering signs of the times. A few years since, all books issued from the Protestant press in Beirut were put under the ban of the papal clergy. Now, men of all sects purchase school books, religious books and Bibles, issued from the same press. The southern portion of the field, and the whole church in Syria, have suffered a great loss in the death of Dahir Abbud. 1868.] SYRIA* 85

Few men of humble origin, and of so moderate talents, attain to so great usefulness, or rise to so honorable a position, as this brother held in the eyes of his fellow-countrymen of all sects.

TRANSLATION. The work of translating the Old Testament had advanced, some months since, as far as Psalm Fortieth. The voweled edition of the New Testament, for Moslems, has been com­ pleted; 3,600 volumes of Scriptures, more than 11,000 tracts, 2,500 reading primers, and 3,500 school and religious books, have been issued from the Depository. More books would have been sold, had not many of the best works been out of print. The constant cry from Egypt is, “ Is there any thing new from Beirut ? ”

SCHOOLS. There are reported, nine hundred and twenty-five pupils in twenty-four common schools. The male seminary at Abeih is in a flourishing condition, having twenty-two pupils, who are mostly young men of mature age. One of them, a Maronite, who had no previous knowledge of the gospel doctrines, has experienced a change as sudden, almost, as that of Paul, and as far as the ceremonies of the old church are concerned, as com­ plete. The Bible is a daily text-book for all the classes. There have been four students in the theological department, sup­ ported by funds furnished by a gentleman in New York city. The female boarding school was transferred last year from Suk el Ghurb to Sidon, and is now in successful operation, under the care of Miss Mason. The object of this school is, not to make finished scholars and accomplished ladies, but to raise up competent teachers for country village schools. The girls are taught the elementary branches of education, and in­ structed in the Scriptures ; the domestic department is superin­ tended by a native, and the pupils do the work ; so that, while they are not lifted up out of sympathy with their people, they are prepared to impart ideas of neatness and order, without in­ fringing upon the manners and customs of the Syrians.

REINFORCEMENTS. The call for reinforcements was never more urgent. The missionaries are pressed on every side. The field north of Bei­ rut, a hundred miles long and fifty wide, has no missionary, although hundreds in Hums, and the large district of Akkar, are looking to the mission for instruction. A score of villages, in each one of which a faithful preacher would find an audience, do not receive a visit once a year from a gospel minister. 86 NESTORIANS.

Mount Lebanon, with its four hundred thousand inhabitants, scattered through its thousand villages, into nearly every one of which more or less light has penetrated, and from which cries for help constantly come, has but two missionaries; and one of them is confined, for the most part, to the Abeih seminary. The Southern district, comprising one-half of the Syria mis­ sion field, with its ten regular preaching places, crippled by the disability of its oldest native helper and by the death of another, has but two missionaries, one of whom is just commencing to acquire the Arabic language. Within the last eight years, thirteen missionary laborers, male and female, have entered the Syria field, while twenty-five have left it. During this period, the work has increased ten­ fold. Many who have fallen asleep took part in sowing, where now the harvest, fully ripe, is so great that the few who remain cannot gather i t ; and unless the Lord of the harvest send more laborers, much precious fruit will be lost.

NESTORIAN MISSION.

O e o o m ia h .—Samuel A. Rhea, John H. Shedd, Benjamin Labaree, Mission­ aries ; Mrs. Sarah Jane Rhea, Mrs. Sarah J. Shedd, Mrs. Elizabeth W . Labaree; Miss Mary Susan Rice, Teacher. Seir.—Justin Perkins, D. I)., Joseph G. Cochran, Missionaries; Mrs. D eb­ orah P. Cochran; Miss Harriet N. Crawford, Teacher. In this country.—Austin H. Wright, M. D., George W . Coan, Henry N. Cobb, Missionaries; Prank N. H. Young, Missionary Physician; Mrs. C. B. Perkins, Mrs. Catharine M. Wright, Mrs. Sarah P. Coan, Mrs. Sarah A. Breath, Mrs. Esther E. Thompson, Mrs. Matilda E. Cobb ; Miss Fidelia Fisk, Miss Aura J. Beach, Teachers.

O u t- st a tio n s.

Ada.— One native preacher, and one female teacher. Aliabad.— One native preacher, who is also a teacher. Alkai.— One native preacher, who is also a teacher. Alwaj.— One native preacher. Asihar.— One native preacher. Ardishai.— One native preacher, and one teacher. Armoot Aghaj.— One native preacher, who is also a teacher. Charbash.— One native preacher, and one teacher. Cowsy.— One native preacher, who is also a teacher. Degala.— One native preacher, and two teachers. Dizza TaJcka.— One native preacher, and one teacher. Ekee Aghaj.— One native preacher. Gavalan.— One native preacher.

t

88 h i s t o r i a n s . [Report,

Geoff Tapa— One native preacher, and four teachers, two of them females. Gulpashan.— One native preacher, and two teachers. Kara Aghaj.— One native preacher, and one teacher. Kara Jaloo.— One native preacher. Nazee.— One native preacher. Saatloo.— One native preacher. Saralan.— One native preacher, and one female teacher. Shemshigean.— One native preacher. Sheerabad.— One native preacher. Supergan.— One native preacher, and one teacher. Takka.— One native preacher, and one female teacher. Wizierawa.— One native preacher, and one teacher. ' Yengaja.— One native preacher. District of Sooldooz.—One native preacher, and one teacher. District of Tergawer.—Three native preachers. District of Gawar.—Four native preachers, and one teacher. District of Amadia.—Two native preachers, one of them also a teacher. District of Tekhoma.—Two native preachers. . District of Salmas.—Three native preachers, and one female teacher. District of Jeloo.—Two native preachers. District o f Bass.—Two native preachers. Districts o f Arboosh and Rakan.—Two native preachcrs.

2 stations. 35 out-stations. 8 missionaries, one of them a physician. 1 physician. 14 female assistant missionaries. 53 native preachers, at stations and out-stations. • 27 teachers. 1 catechist.

The climate of Oroomiah proved unfavorable to Mr. Cobb, and he found it necessary, greatly to his regret and that of the mission, to leave the field. Mrs. Cobb’s health also was such as to require a change. They reached this country, December 19. Miss Beach having been an invalid most of the time since she arrived in Oroomiah in 1860, the mission advised her to accompany Mr. and Mrs. Cobb to Constantinople. She re­ mained there during the winter, and. in the spring returned to America. Dr. Young has also suffered from ill health, and is now in the United States, with the approbation of the mission and the Prudential Committee. Dr. Perkins, after a prosperous journey, arrived at his field of labor, November 15. On his sol­ itary way, he was “ sustained and cheered by the presence of Christ,” and his “ rugged path smoothed by his guiding hand.” He was of course joyfully welcomed by the mission circle, and by all classes of the people. 1863.] NESTORIANS. 89

COMMUNICANTS PREACHING VILLAGE CONGREGATIONS. “ No separate church has been formed among the Nestorians, but the hopefully pious unite in celebrating the Lord's supper at some eighteen or twenty places on the plain of Oroomiah, as also in Salmas, Tergawer, and Gawar.” In Amadia the ordi­ nance was to be administered in the spring. At the close of 1862, the number of communicants was 476, thirty-nine having been admitted to fellowship that year. From the first, 509 had been admitted. At the general meeting of native helpers, in March, a church “ Manual,” or “ Directory,” was adopted; “ in the observance of which,” Mr. Cochran writes, “ we have all that is essential to a reformed church, with reformed pastors, and in the possession of the substance, we can afford to dispense with the shadow of new organizations.” * * * 11 The prospect we be­ lieve was never brighter than at present, for the ultimate evan­ gelization of the old church.” At the stations and out-stations, there are fifty-three native preachers, who deliver the message of life statedly, at fifty-eight different places. In relation to village congregations, Mr. Cochran writes, March 20: “ Some of them have been greatly increased and strengthened, and a number of hopeful conversions have oc­ curred. Geog Tapa, which for some time has been consider­ ably tried with the disorderly walk of several communicants, is now in a prosperous condition. The Sabbath school numbers three hundred, and the congregation more than four hundred. Increased prayer and labor for the conversion of souls and the edification of the body of Christ are apparent.”

EDUCATION THE PKESS. The number of students in the male seminary in 1862, was forty-six. One of them was a young bishop from Botan, who had been hopefully converted through the labors of Deacon Isaac, and the reading of Doddridge’s Rise and Progress. His diocese had been taken from him; he had suffered much re­ proach for Christ’s sake, and came to the seminary to prepare himself to labor in his cause in Botan. The theological class was one of promise. Respecting the examination of the young men in April, Mr. Rhea writes : “ They acquitted themselves well. They were examined in English, Natural Philosophy, Astronomy, Exegesis, Pastoral Theology and Homiletics. They had original addresses well prepared, and for the most part finely delivered. The sermons presented by them were very creditable. A peculiar interest attaches to these young men, as most of them go forth, we trust, to labor directly for the salvation of souls.” 90 NESTORIANS. [Report,

The number of pupils in the female seminary was forty. In February, Dr. Perkins wrote : “ There has never been em­ braced in the institution a more hopeful class of pupils than at the present time. To a large extent they are the daughters of Nestorian helpers, and other pious parents, who have given them a Christian training.” In the spring, the seminary was dismissed earlier than usual, to give Miss Rice an opportunity to recruit. Mr. Cochran writes, March 20th: “ An interesting state of religious feeling has existed in both seminaries, which has resulted in the conversion of several, but is prized not the least for its influence upon the candidates for the holy office, and posts of intelligence in the church.” The village schools in 1862, numbered twenty-three,— thirty less than reported the previous year, embracing 517 scholars — 333 boys and 184 girls. In relation to the reduction of this department, Dr. Perkins writes: “ The crippling of our means has necessarily resulted in the stifling of many missionary schools, which, during years of patient toil, we had carefully nursed,into being, as oases in the desert; or if not conspicuous as such, at least as precious rills, silent in their course, but noiselessly skirting their margins with fringes of living green. We must beware how we too summarily smother so effectual an instrumentality.” In April, the Mohammedan master of Geog Tapa, a General in the Persian army, visited the Nestorian school in that village. As he and his attendants entered the church, one of his servants exclaimed: “ W hat! have we become Giaours (Infidels) ? ” The Khan listened with much delight to the children, as they recited their lessons, and especially as they sang the children’s sweet hymns and songs. One of them— “ There is a happy land”— they sang with a Turkish translation. As the General left, he ordered his stewards to distribute grain among the poor children, and to give presents to the teachers. Four hundred copies of the “ Rays of Light,” a Syriac monthly periodical, have been printed; also a Christian Almanac. The preparation of the Almanac was commenced by Mr. Cobb, and completed by Messrs. Rhea and Labaree. The American Bible Society is preparing electrotype plates for a pocket edition of the Syriac New Testament. The translation is the same as that printed in Oroomiah, made from the ancient Peshito version, but conformed to the original Greek, where important differences exist. This work, with the reading of proofs, is performed by Dr. Wright, of the mission, aided by Benjamin, a young Nes­ torian, formerly a teacher in the male seminary at Seir, who has come to this country to study medicine. 1863.] NESTORIANS. 91

THE WORK IN THE MOUNTAINS. Mr. Shedd took charge of the mountain department when Mr. Cobb was compelled, by insufficient strength, to relinquish it. Having vigorous health, and being capable of much physical endurance, he is eminently fitted for the arduous work commit­ ted to him. In five districts, helpers are located, all of them young men educated in the seminary at Seir, and most of them natives of the mountains. Two of the five villages of Tek- homa proper are occupied, and also the three dependencies of Arboosh, Rakan, and Nerwa. In the autumn, four helpers, when on their way to their re­ spective stations in Jeloo and Bass, were forcibly detained in the principal village of the former district, by the chief man of the village, a bitter enemy of the truth. In February, Mr. Labaree wrote : “ They are making good use of their captivity, by preaching, in season and out of season, the word of life, for which they have all the opportunity they could desire. Their congregations on the Sabbath number from fifty to eighty.” In Amadia, a nucleus for a small church has been gathered, and the Lord’s supper is administered there. The helpers at that post carry the gospel to many papists in the vicinity, who are by no means firmly attached to the church of Rome. “ In Gawar,” Mr. Shedd writes, “ the advance has been within, rather than without. The believers have learned, in part at least, that to them is given, in the behalf of Christ, not only to believe on him, but to suffer for his sake. * * * The work is taking root, and is felt in the community as a living principle and power.” Thirty dollars were given by the disciples to support their own schools, and to aid in sending a missionary to regions beyond. The Gawar brethren strongly desire that a Protestant community should be formed there, and it is Mr. Shedd’s opinion that it will soon be indispensable, so great are the annoyances to which they are exposed. Viewing Van from a mountain stand-point, Mr. Shedd writes: “ It will be an auspicious day to our mountain work when a mission station is planted there.” Early in the spring, Mr. Shedd made a tour through the mountains, much of the way on foot, visiting the helpers in their several fields, cheering and counseling them in their work.

ARMENIANS MOHAMMEDANS. Two young men, of earnest piety and zeal, have been em­ ployed a part of the year, as itinerant preachers to the five thousand Armenians on the plain of Oroomiah, under the super­ vision of Dr. Young. They were generally well received, and 92 NESTOKIANS. [Report, accomplished an important work. In Sooldooz, a few Arme­ nians have expressed a desire for regular preaching in Turkish, and two lads, speaking both Armenian and Syriac, are promised for the seminary. In Salmas, a large number of books have been sold to the Armenians by the helpers. A young Armenian from Turkey spent the last winter in Oroomiah, studying the Scriptures, religious books, &c. He is “ fully enlightened, and indulges a hope that he is a Christian.” He was faithful in urging Christ upon the Armenians, who frequented the mission premises. One Sabbath, six young Armenians came to the Sabbath school and desired him to teach them to read. In March, Mr. Cochran wrote as follows: “ The Armenian field, both in Salmas and Oroomiah, seems to be fairly opened. It will prove a needed outlet to Nestorian evangelism, as well as, in its progress, a positive contribution to the gospel force in the land.” The school for Mohammedan young men, which had been suspended for several years, has been resumed, and a few pupils have been under instruction. It is thought that a more- decided religious influence may now be exerted than was formerly attempted. The Nestorian helpers often meet with Moham­ medan inquirers. The New Testament is read in many cases, and free discussion is quite practicable.

MEETINGS OF NATIVE HELPERS. In October, the annual meeting of native helpers was held. It continued three days, and was well attended. The following 11 order of exercises” for the occasion presented many important topics for consideration. 1. A sermon— The mission and holy calling of the Reformed Nestorian Church. 2. The advantages of a general council. 3. The reading and adoption of a creed and church directory. 4. The Evangelical Alliance. 5. National unity. 6. What can each pastor do to develop individual piety and usefulness in his flock? 7. What is each church bound to do for the support of its schools and the preached gospel? 8. Temperance. 9. The duty of the evangelical, in carrying the gospel to surrounding nations. 10. Communion service. In March, a semi-annual meeting was held, at which the names of 55 preachers and helpers, and 29 laymen were enrolled. In the course of the two days’ session, carefully prepared and effective papers were read on the practical subjects of benevolence, tem­ perance, Nestorian vagrancy, the opening of the work among Armenians, and the best means of increasing the congregations. The discussions on these topics were animated and harmonious, followed by a series of earnest resolutions, aiming at practical results. 1863.] NESTOBIANS. 93

BENEVOLENCE TEMPERANCE BIBLE READING. In December, Dr. Perkins wrote : “ The outburst of benevolent effort here last year, was too sudden and excessive to last in the same measure.” At the meeting of native helpers in March, the subject of systematic benevolence was thoroughly discussed. Several generous contributions were made on the spur of the occasion, and more might have been elicited ; but the adoption of the Scripture rule, to lay by in store on the first day of the week, was considered of more importance. It is hoped that a considerable sum will be realized from weekly penny contribu­ tions. In 1862, $250 were expended for village schools, from the contributions of the native churches. The subjects of giving and of self-support are constantly pressed upon the helpers and people generally, but they are so poor and oppressed as a whole, that their progress in this direction is unavoidably slow. The cause of temperance is making some advance. A few influential names have been recently added to the list of those who have adopted the temperance pledge. Intemperance exists to an alarming extent. It is stated in one communication, that “ during the wine season the rule is, that the adult males, who can obtain the means for it, are daily intoxicated.” Only the most careful watch will preserve the communicants from falling into this sin. A system of Bible reading was adopted by the mission on the return of Dr. Perkins to the field. He had learned much in London of the good done by it among the poor in that city, and elsewhere. Several Nestorian females were employed in the work, accomplishing a great amount of good at very little expense.

CIVIL OPPRESSION DESTITUTION VAGRANCY. The oppressions and wrongs inflicted upon the Nestorians by the Mohammedans call for the sympathy and aid of the Chris­ tian world. The chapter of their wrongs, if ever written, will form one of the darkest pictures in history. In April, Dr. Perkins wrote : “ They are nearly as much oppressed to-day as when I first reached my field. Indeed, I have never known such suffering in the country as at the present time ; for in addition to their ordinary burdens and wrongs, they are now reduced to the verge of starvation by the ravages of devouring hosts of locusts, which visited a considerable portion of their beautiful country last year ; and all apprehend the re-appearance of the scourge, as the present spring shall open.” * * * “ There have been cases where some poor people have sold their children for bread, and others have died from hunger.” Being thus reduced to beggary and starvation, many are led to 94 NESTORIANS. [Report, adopt a vagrant life in other countries, and especially in Russia. This vagrancy is an appalling hindrance to the gospel. “ It is noiselessly creeping into the church, and poisoning the foun­ tain of its life.” The pulpit, the press, and every possible means are brought to bear against it ; but what arguments can prevail with a starving man, when a starving wife and children are crying to him for bread ? The hopes of Russian interference in their behalf, which were excited last year, proved air-castles. As a consequence, some of the people are in a state of despondency, bordering on despair. Others finding help from no other quarter, are led to look upward, to the everlasting hills. These find unfailing consolations in the gospel.

A NEW FIRMAN MISSIONARY RESULTS. The Persian Government, under the influence, as is supposed, of French Jesuits, has issued another- edict to embarrass the work of the mission. The missionaries are forbidden to “ preach and exhort; ” they are not to have more than one hundred and fifty pupils in schools, and must not print books without special permission. A new civil Governor of the Nestorians has been appointed, and furnished with orders more stringent than ever. But, like many previous orders of a similar character, it is hoped that this will tend to the furtherance of the gospel. Persecution may follow— it probably will— but the church is often afflicted by greater evils than that. With all there is to cheer the heart, in the results of labor for Christ among the Nestorians and other nations in Persia, these results are not such as to be fully satisfactory, consider­ ing the means employed. One of the missionaries writes: “ The soul not saved is lost. When the grand end of the Christian ministry is to bring men home to Christ, no amount of enlightenment can compensate for the fewness of saving conversions. Are we not too apt to comfort ourselves in a general, indefinite progress ? Whereas, until we see men press­ ing into the kingdom of God, our posture ought to be that of humiliation.” 1863.] MAIIR ATT AS. 95

SOUTHERN ASIA.

MAHRATTA MISSION.

B om bay.—Henry AY. Ballantine, Missionary; Mrs. Lizzie L. Ballantine.— One native pastor.

A h m ednuggu r.— Henry Ballantine, Lemuel Bissell, Henry J. Bruce, Mission­ aries ; Mrs. Elizabeth D. Ballantine, Mrs. Mary E. Bissell, Mrs. Hepzibeth P . Bruce.— One native pastoT and sixteen helpers, at the station and out-station.

R a h o o r i. — Amos Abbott, Missionary; Mrs. Anstice W. Abbott. — One licensed preacher, and eight helpers.

K h o k a r .— W illiam P . Barker, Missionary; Mrs. Lucelia T. Barker.—One licensed preacher, and sixteen helpers. "Wadale.— Samuel B. Fairbank, Missionary; Mrs. Mary B. Eairbank.—Two licensed preachers, and twelve helpers.

S er oo r .— (In charge of Mr. Bissell.)—One native pastor, and four helpers.

K olgaum— (In charge of Mr. Bissell.)—Four native helpers.

S a t a r a .— Sendol B. Munger, Samuel C. Dean, Missionaries; Mrs. Sarah S, Munger, Mrs. Augusta E. Dean.— One native pastor, and three helpers. .

Sh o la po o r .— Charles Harding, Missionary; Mrs. Julia M. Harding.—One licensed preacher, and two helpers.

M alcolm P e t h .—Mrs. Mary L. Graves. In this country.—Allen Hazen, William Wood, MissionariesMrs. Martha R. Hazen.

O ut- st atio n s. Connected with A hm ednuggu r.— Shendee, Wadgaum, Lonee, Parner, Nagapoor-Wadgaum, and Agadgaum.

R a h o o r i.— Shingvay, Wambooree, Kendal, Bahmanee, Deioalalee, and Gahoo.

K h o k a r .—Khokar, Panchegaum, Khirdee, Pathray, Satral, Padhegaum, Kolhar, Belapoor, Gondhawanee, Khanapoor, and Sawalya-vihir.

W a d a l e .— Newasse, Chande, Shingave, Miree, Pimpalgaum, Dedgaum, Bhende, Sooregaum, Khospooree, Sonai, Khurawandee, and Karazgaum.

S er oo r.— Wadegawhan, and Babhoorde.

K olgatjm.— Rooee, Limpangaum, and Ghogargaum.

10 stations. 40 out-stations. 12 missionaries. 12 female assistant missionaries. 4 native pastors. 5 licensed preachers, 65 native helpers.

Mr. Munger sailed from Boston on his return to India, October 29, 1862, accompanied by five new laborers,— Mrs. Munger, Mr. and Mrs. H. W. Ballantine, and Mr. and Mrs. 73 IL

Bruce. They reached Bombay on the third of March. At the meeting of the mission in October, it was determined to occupy Sholapoor, (spoken of in the last Annual Report,) as a station, and Mr. Harding left Ahmednnggur for that place, November 10, taking with him one licensed preacher and two other helpers.

CHURCHES. The statistics presented in the following table show that the preaching of the gospel has not been in vain. Sixty-seven persons have been added to the churches by profession; and though no new churches have been formed during the year, new members have been received from other villages, so that one hundred and fourteen towns and villages are now represent­ ed in the twenty-two churches,— thirteen more than at the close of the previous year. “ Thus the gospel is working its way like leaven, and spreading to one village after another.”

1 r-5 1 o U O) A 13 3g Cl Q) \ a CJ ce o C h u r ch es. £> *S oT *d T3 u a» o 1 •* I & ¡2 “ g •5Of c P *

Bombay, .... 25 2 12 26 Ahmednuggur, 1st, . 103 15 5 113 2d, . 30 7 2 37 Seroor, .... 27 4 3« Khokar, .... 66 2 3 3 ! 66 Sliingvay, 21 3 • i 23 Chande, .... 40 3 2 2. I 42 Lonee, .... 12 . 11 Kolgaum, 15 3 1 . ! 17 Dedgaum, 35 2 2 1 . j 38 Gahoo, .... 25 3 . 1 28 Panchegaum, . 19 6 3 j 22 • I Kendal, .... 212 • i 23 Wamboori, 25 4 | 29 Shingave...... 2) . | 2 'J Wadgaum, . . . . 10 9 Satral, .... 96 , ; 15 Rahoori, .... 17 3 i 14 Newasse, .... lo 3 . i 16 Sonai, .... 22 • ji 21 Padhegaum, 13 1 14 Satara, .... 8212 ; 10 • i r Totals, 578 67 11 13 9 | 624 61 17 431 114

The mission report refers not to prosperity alone, but to trials also, and says: “ In some churches difficulties have arisen which have resulted in the excommunication of some of the 9 98 MAHRATTAS. [Report,

members and the suspension of others; yet we believe the churches have advanced in Christian knowledge and piety, and the reports from some of them show a much better state of feeling at the close of the year than at the beginning. Many members who had sinned have repented ; those who had cher­ ished feelings of ill-will towards their brethren have been brought to a better state of mind, and peace and harmony have taken the place of jealousy and discord. “ As to the outward persecution experienced by some of the churches, we think it may prove to be rather a mercy than a judgment. It has tended to separate the wheat from the chaff, — to show who love the Lord Jesus Christ in sincerity, and who have only a name to live while they are dead. It has also served to exhibit before the heathen the true nature of Chris­ tianity ; and men who have desired to enter the church have learned what self-denial they will be called to exercise, if they profess the religion of Christ. We have no doubt that all these things will work for the furtherance of the gospel, and that hereafter we shall have reason to praise the name of our Heavenly Father for all his dealings with us, even those which seemed most painful and severe; ” At Rahoori— the station occupied by Mr. Abbott— the high price of grain, and the consequent difficulty of obtaining sub­ sistence in any honest way, have presented strong temptations to resort to such expedients as are adopted by the heathen. Persecution on the part of native officials has also greatly discour­ aged some of the Christians, and caste prejudice has proved another source of trial. Mr. Barker, of Khokar, writes: “ The past year has been one of peculiar trial in connection with our work. Bitter per­ secution on account of caste has arisen, and this has revealed the strength of some, the weakness of others, and the utter un­ fitness of a few to remain in connection with the church. An unusually large number have been excommunicated, some of them for the grossest sins. Cases of discipline have been frequent, and the attendance on divine worship has been pain­ fully small. * * * The famine (which was especially severe in this region) has compelled us to witness much distress, without the ability to relieve it. But He who hath set the day of prosperity over against the day of adversity, has graciously permitted us to witness events which call for special thanks­ giving. The work has spread more rapidly than ever before in the western and north-western parts of the district. A fine church edifice, and a residence for a missionary, have been completed in that region ; several persons, from a somewhat numerous caste, not before represented in our churches, have been admitted to the communion; many of the Christians 1863.] MAHRATTAS. 99

have manifested the graces of the Spirit in the midst of severe trials ; and all the churches have commenced to give systematically, and for the most part cheerfully, for the spread of the gospel.”

SCHOOLS. There appear to have been thirty-one common schools in operation, with not far from three hundred and twenty pupils, of whom about forty were girls. The mission reports : “ These schools are in many respects unsatisfactory, yet some of them are bringing forth good fruit. The scholars who come from them to Ahmednuggur, seeking admission to the school for catechists, are not only far in advance of those who came in former years, in point of scholarship, but they have a more correct knowledge of Christianity and deeper religious impres­ sions, and are, therefore, better prepared to be trained for the work of catechists and teachers. We endeavor to make every school a centre of light, and thus far we have succeeded, even better than we had dared to hope, amidst the numerous dis­ couragements which occur in this department of our labors. The expenses of these common schools are very small; not more than from sixty to eighty rupees a year, for each. # * The prizes offered by the Christian Vernacular Education Society are a great stimulus to our vernacular school-teachers, in fitting themselves for the duties of their position, and an important help, when obtained, to those whose wages are not large ; and they render the station of a teacher much more honorable and advantageous than native Christians are generally disposed to consider it. We are glad to see that the Bible has a prominent place in these examinations.” In the school for catechists, at Ahmednuggur, under Mr. Bissell’s care, there have been thirty-six pupils, of whom eight were young men with families. The general deportment of the pupils, and their progress in study, have been commendable, and the religious interest in the school has been such as calls for grateful mention. Eight, of the pupils united with the church during the year, and at its close there were but eight who were not professing Christians. Four of the young men have been sent out to labor as teachers or catechists, not expect­ ing to return to the school, while others are employed in the same way for a few months, who will then resume their studies. The number of candidates applying for admission to this school, and worthy of being aided, is increasing yearly ; but this year the mission was obliged to say to “ a fine class of candidates,” that although their examination was satisfactory, and they would be glad to receive them, they had not the means to do so. This want, however, was unexpectedly met, in part, b y ' 100 MAHRATTAS. [Report, the generosity of a native gentleman, who offered a sum suffi­ cient to support ten of the candidates for two years. In the school for girls, under the care of Mrs. Ballantine, there have been about fifty pupils. Six have been received to the church. Eight of the larger girls were married during the year, six of them to catechists and teachers employed by this mission, and two to respectable men connected with other missions. This school has received several special donations from friends in England, Scotland and America. The school for boys of the higher castes continues to prosper, and a teacher who was for many years engaged in Miss Farrar’s school for girls, has been employed, since her death, to teach a boys’ school, in a building erected and presented to the mission by Col. Pottinger. Some students in the theological class continued their studies until the meeting of the mission in October, when four of them were licensed to preach the gospel. One of these went with Mr. Harding to the new station at Sholapoor, and the other three have been put in charge of churches. The report says: “ The going forth of members of this class, thus licensed to preach, forms a new era in the history of the mission. What the result will be we do not know, but we have strong hope that they will do well, and will become good pastors of native churches. So strongly are the members of the mission impressed with the importance of effort to train such men for evangelistic and pastoral labor, that it has been decided to collect another class in May next, to be prepared, by a three-years’ course of study, for the same work. The young men are at hand, ready to study, and desirous to serve God in the gospel of his Son. Providence seems to point to the necessity of training pastors for the numerous churches rising up all around us, and extending their influence into village after village.” It is encouraging to find, in such statements, evidence that in this, as in other mission fields, the course of things is obviously tending towards the establishment of self-supporting churches, prepared to carry on the work of enlightening the heathen, and having their own native pastors. t able to feed the flock over which the Holy Ghost hath made them overseers. Considerable interest was added to the last annual meeting of the mission, by the singing of Christian songs in the native style ; and the recent publication of a book of hymns for chil­ dren, in Mahratta, is spoken of as promising much good. The people, it is said, are much more readily impressed with the truth when presented in the form of poetry, and set to music.

BOMBAY, SATARA AND SHOLAPOOR. The excellent native pastor of the church at Bombay, was constrained, by sickness in his family, to remove for a time to 1863.] MAHRATTAS. ioi

the Deccan. He went to Satara in November, 1861, and re­ turned in November, 1862. During his absence, his place at Bombay was supplied by the Satara pastor, who labored faith­ fully, in public and private. For a few months of the year now reported, after Mr. Harding left for Sholapoor, there was no resident missionary at this station. After the return of their own pastor, which had been much desired, Mr. Harding wrote: “ The prospect of the church seems, on the whole, better than ever before.” “ The audience on the Sabbath is just now larger than it has been for several years, and the weekly prayer- meeting is also well attended.” Two deacons were chosen by the church at about this time, none having been previously appointed. During the year, two persons were received to the church on profession, and two dismissed by letter, to the second church in Ahmednuggur. When the report was made, there were several interesting inquirers. Mr. Dean was the only missionary at Satara, during most of the year. He was aided by the native pastor from Bombay, and when at Satara, they usually had preaching in both chapels twice on the Sabbath. The attendance was somewhat greater than in 1861. Two persons were received to the church. A small school, for girls and a few small boys, with about fifteen pupils, was in operation ten months in the year. The acting native pastor had frequent opportunities for private conversation with individuals, on religious subjects, with encouraging results. Considerable time was given to preaching tours, about two hundred villages having been visited during the year by the missionaries, the native pastor and the three catechists, some of them repeatedly. “ We have ready access, everywhere, to the people,” Mr. Dean remarks, “ and usually good congregations to hear us; varying, with the size of the villages, from twenty- five to two or three hundred.” The catechist and teacher who accompanied Mr. Harding to Sholapoor, were expected to be stationed at Barsee, thirty-six miles north. Several persons there had manifested great interest in Christianity, and had earnestly requested a Christian teacher, but the Brahmins made most determined opposition; it was impossible to hire a house ; and when the teacher undertook to remain in a tent till a house could be built, he was greatly annoyed. Yet Barsee is spoken of as an interesting place, on many accounts, and it is hoped that better things may be reported from there ere long. Respecting the Sholapoor field generally, Mr. Harding says: 11 It is certainly a most interesting one ; and in regard to the character of the people and the facil­ ities for reaching them, it is perhaps second to no other on this side of India. I have strong hope that our labors will be blessed.” MADRAS. [Report,

GENEROUS ASSISTANCE. Former Reports have mentioned very liberal contributions to this mission from British residents and others in India, and from friends in England and Scotland. During the last year also, such friends have afforded generous aid. The whole amount of donations acknowledged by the mission, for the year, was six thousand, six hundred and nineteen rupees, of which two hun­ dred and forty-five rupees were from the native congregations. Special mention was made of two donations from England; one of one hundred rupees, from a brother of a military officer in India, whose interest in the mission was awakened by his brother’s statements; and another of one hundred and ninety rupees, the avails of a sale of articles made by females in farm­ ers’ families, interested by what the wife of another military man had written home, respecting the school for girls at Ahmed- nuggur. Of another donation, yet more interesting in its char­ acter, Mr. Ballantine wrote : “ A Hindoo in Bombay, on read­ ing, in the Guardian, the account of our late anniversary, wrote to Mr. Bowen that he would support, for one year, three boys, who had been examined for admission to the catechist’s school, and whom we were unable to receive 011 account of the want of funds. Mr. Bissell afterwards called upon him, and he said he would give the mission six hundred rupees ; which will support ten boys for two years, ten months in each year.” The mis­ sion report well says : “ The interest in our efforts manifested by liberal-minded natives, is one of the most encouraging cir­ cumstances connected with our work ; and we cannot but think that it indicates a state of mind, on the part of the native com­ munity, very favorable to the gospel.”

MADRAS MISSION.

' C hintadrepettah .—Miron Winslow, D. D., Missionary; Mrs. Ellen A . Winslow.— One native preacher, one reader, and six teachers.

R o y a pu r a m .—Phineas R. Hunt, Printer; Mrs. Abigail N. Hunt.—One cate- chist, and three teachers.

B ulcx T ow n.— The printing establishment is within the walled city.

3 stations. 1 missionary. 1 printer. 2 female assistant missionaries. 1 native preacher. 1 catechist. 1 reader. 9 teachers. Since completing his great work, the Tamil and English Dictionary, to which he had devoted much time and strength 1863.] MADRAS. 105 for many years, Dr. Winslow has been in feeble health. The reaction which his friends had feared, seemed very soon to come upon him. On the first Sabbath in April last, he was just able to attend church and administer the Lord’s supper and baptism, but not to preach ; and it was the decision of physicians that he must go at once to the hills, where he has remained, probably, to the present time. He wrote in July, that he had been grad­ ually improving, and had designed to return to Madras in August, but the physicians forbade it, and he might therefore spend that month, and possibly September and October also, at Ootacamund. The high estimate which is placed upon his Dictionary, appears from extracts published in the Missionary Herald for May last, from several of the India periodicals. As Dr. Winslow and Mr. Hunt, the printer, are the only brethren connected with this mission, they deeply feel their weakness, and plead earnestly for reinforcement, if it is the intention of the Board still to continue operations at Madras. At Chintadrepettah station, the congregations are said to have been encouraging; “ at the church, on Sabbath morning and evening ; in the church compound on a week-day ; and also at the principal school in the village. Both the latter congrega­ tions are composed mostly of heathens. Five persons were received to the church in October, and two in April. The present number of members is sixty-five. There have been some irregularities in this church, which required serious admo­ nition, but no case of such a nature as to call for expulsion or suspension.” Four schools for boys contain one hundred and forty-five pupils, and two for girls, have forty-five. One of these last is at the station, under Mrs. Winslow’s immediate supervision when she is at Madras. The other, smaller, is in a village. Dr. Winslow writes, that the native assistant, left in charge of the station when he went to the hills, appears to have been doing well, in preaching, holding prayer-meetings at the station, and weekly services at three of the school-rooms, and in connection with the schools. “ He is in fact, though not for­ mally licensed, a native preacher.” Mr. Hunt speaks of three schools in operation at Royapuram, — “ one in the church compound, one in Sunjevaroyenpettah, and a third in one of the many villages of the section called Tondiarpet,— a pariah village of one hundred houses*” The average attendance of pupils at all these, when he wrote, in July, was one hundred and ten. In the one at Royapuram, there are twenty girls, “ some of them very .fine children.” “ The catechist visits these schools day by day, as he goes about doing good among the villages, distributing tracts and Scriptures, and preaching from street to street.” Three regular meetings, also, are maintained in connection with this station, 104 MADURA. [Report, one of which, in the school-room at Sunjevaroyenpettah, Sab­ bath afternoons, “ is made up of heathens,— old men, young men and boys of the place.” The largest congregation is at the same place on Tuesday evenings, when from forty to one hundred persons attend, and “ sit, usually, as quietly as a con­ gregation at home.” Mr. Hunt thinks “ the main interest of the field is concentrated in that little, rude, though conspicuous school-house,” which, when lighted up in the evening, can be seen by many from their door steps. “ It seems to me,” he says, “ that if we only had a good [ordained] missionary in charge of the station, he might in that place gather fruit unto life eternal.” The church at Royapuram has not increased. The present number of resident members is but thirteen.

MADURA MISSION.

M a d u r a .— John Rend all, Edward Chester, (Acting Physician,) Missionaries; M rs. Jane B. Kendall, Mrs. Sophia Chester; Miss Sarah W . Ashley, Teacher.— One native pastor, ten catechists, five readers, two teachers in boarding school, six schoolmasters, and one schoolmistress.

D in d ig u l .—Edward Webb, Missionary; Mrs. Nancy A. Webb.—One native pastor, four catechists, two readers, six schoolmasters.

T irumungalum .—James Herrick, Missionary; Mrs. Elizabeth H. Herrick.— Twelve catechists, five schoolmasters, and two schoolmistresses.

T iru pu va n u m .— (In charge of Mr. Capron.)—Three catechists, four school­ masters, and one schoolmistress.

M andapasalie .— Horace S. Taylor, Missionary; Mrs. Martha S. Taylor.— Four native pastors, twenty-five catechists, eleven readers, eight schoolmasters, and two schoolmistresses.

M a l u r .— Thomas S. Burnell, Missionary; M r s . Martha Burnell.—Four cate­ chists, one reader, five schoolmasters.

P e r i a c u l u m .— One native pastor, four catechists, two schoolmasters, and three schoolmistresses.

B attaiagundu . — George T. Washburn, Missionary; Mrs. Elizabeth E. Washburn.— Six catechists, two readers, five schoolmasters, and two school­ mistresses.

M a n a M a d u r a .—William B. Capron, Missionary; Mrs. Sarah B. Capron.— One catechist.

P u l n e y.—Charles T. White, Missionary; Mrs. Anna M. White.—Two cate­ chists, three readers, one schoolmaster, and one schoolmistress.

P a s u m a l ie .—William Tracy, Missionary; Mrs. Emily F. Tracy.—One cate­ chist, four teachers in the seminary, and one schoolmaster.

S iv a g u n g a .—T hree catechists.

U s a la m pa tti.— (In charge of Mr. Herrick.)—Four catechists, and one reader.

C umbum.—Joseph T. Noyes, Missionary; Mrs. Elizabeth A. Noyes.—Four­ teen catechists, four readers, six schoolmasters, and four schoolmistresses. On the way to the mission.— Nathan L. Lord, M. D., Missionary; Mrs. Laura W. Lord. 1863.] MADURA. 105

In this country.— John E . Chandler, Missionary; Mrs. Chailotte H. Chandler, Mrs. Harriet L. Scudder. 14 stations. 13 missionaries, two of them physicians. 15 female assistant missionaries. 7 native pastors. 93 catechists and native preachers. 29 readers. 6 teachers in seminary and boarding schools. 49 schoolmasters. 16 schoolmistresses. The Madura mission has been greatly afflicted during the past year, by the sudden death of Mr. Scudder, whose mission­ ary life, though short, was long enough to excite the expectation of uncommon usefulness. He was drowned while attempting to swim a swollen river, returning from a visit to a sick catechist, on the 19th of November. An associate writes of him : “ He had endeared himself to all. He was most genial in his inter­ course with his associates, most diligent in his application to study, and most earnest and zealous in his efforts to promote the cause of Christ. We were looking to him as a strong man. upon whom we could rely to bear the heat and burden of the day. But in a moment he is snatched away.” His afflicted widow has returned to the United States. Two children of the mission families have also been removed by death ; but with slight exceptions, the usual health has been enjoyed, and the usual labor performed, by the adult members of the mission. Mr. Chester has returned from Madras, where he resided for some months for the purpose of prosecuting medical studies, and is for the present located at Madura. Dr. and Mrs. Lord, formerly of the Ceylon mission, after spending some time in the United States for the recovery of health, sailed from Boston on the first of July, now to labor in the Madura field. The Madura Collectorate, in which the mission is situated, exclusive of several zemindaries, contains an area of about 10.000 square miles, and a population of 1,800,000. The area and population of the different station fields are given in the mission report as follows : Station. Square miles. Villages. Population. Madura, 411 419 198,250 Battalagundu, 250 75,000 Dindigul, 1,091 1,667 252,377 Pulncy, 980 137 142,456 Periaculum, 250 117 65,141 Cumbum, 650 160 101,167 Malur, 617J 780 138,776 Tirupavanum, 256 450 80,000 Mana Madura, 256 400 75,000 Sivagunga, 300 350 " 65.000 Mandapasalie, 516 400 150,000 Tirumungalum, 618¿ 894 179,672 1 0 6 MADURA. [Report,

Many of these numbers are stated as exact, while some are only approximations to accuracy. Very many of the numerous villages have been visited by the missionaries and their native helpers, within the year, with the gospel message ; but the im­ possibility of reaching all, or of performing any great amount of labor in any considerable proportion of the whole number, with the present missionary force, must be at once apparent. The details presented respecting the condition of, and the labors at the various stations and out-stations, indicate much faithful labor, not only on the part of the missionaries, but of many among the native helpers also. Mr. Rendall, of Madura, reports that the gospel has been preached, by himself and his six helpers, at one hundred and eighty-two villages and hamlets in his district, within the year; Mr. Webb, of Dindigul, has preached himself at thirty-two places ; Mr. Noyes, of Cumbum, with his helpers, at one hundred and one ; Mr. Burnell, of Malur, and his assistants, at one hundred and eighty-two. In the districts of Mana Madura and Sivagunga, one hundred and six villages have heard the word, and in the Mandapasalie field, three hundred and forty.

The following tables present the more important statistics of the mission :

CHURCHES.

. V S'S Ofia o Sta t io n s. •—O QJoj “ 2 -a p •Vt0) <ú •2 5 s £ .5-2 ¡3.0 -§1 3 X! *3 ‘3o5¡¡ S to 3 « ss .Ha —•3 £ £ “ O Battalagundu, . 119 70 Dindigul,. . . 70 ! —6 160 Madura, . . . 141 +12 178 Mana Madura,* Mandapasalie, . 372 + 6 499 Malur, . . . 26 — 1 20 Pasumalie, . . 56 + 3 142 Periaculum,. . 37 +37 5 Pulney, . . . 34 + 6 33 Sivagunga, . . 21 79 Tirumungalum, 123 + 3 139 Tirupuvanum, . 16 — 1 8 Usalampatti,f . Cumbum,. . . Í29 —42 Í70

Total, . . 29 55 71 18 26 ,144 +17 1,503

* The members are counted with Tirupuvanum. t Members counted with Tirumungalum. 1863.] MADURA. 107

CONGREGATIONS.

of

St a t io n s . %vomen. read. men. to to read. gain gain or loss.I tendance tendance on the the Sabbath. Number Number of Men Men able to Number Number of Women able Number Number of Total. Average at­ Balance Balance of | congrégations. 1 Number 1 1 1 children, j Children I able [ to read. Battalagundu, 12 128 83 180 391 52 27 34 242 —56 Dindigul,. . 11 137 110 217 464 06 20 47 31)7 +26 Madura, . . 19 194 180 231 605 87 38 57 403 + 13 Mana Madura, 1 9 5 5 19 4 11 —5 Mandapasalie, 44 628 533 764 1,925 159 31 82 1,017 — 154 Malur, . . . 8 52 66 91 209 26 7 19 140 - 3 2 Pasumalie, . 1 14 8 23 45 14 5 13 99 —4 Periaculum, . ' 5 86 74 130 290 16 8 15 147 +290 Pulney, . . 4 67 51 89 207 13 8 14 122 +57 Sivagunga, . 3 22 24 37 83 13 6 45 — 16 Tirumungalum, 14 225 195 299 719 103 22 47 456 —24 Tirupuvanum, 3 23 30 43 96 10 7 3 105 — 1 Usalampatti, 6 42 37 57 136 12 4 82 +23 Cumbum,. . 18 303 300 497 1,100 113 17 37 529 —200

Total, 149 1,933 1,696 2,663 6,289 678 194 374 3,705 —83

HELPERS AND SCHOOLS.

Native Assistants. Station and Village Schools.

St a t io n s . a .3 s i 6 •sri OP-»

Cumburn, 28 131 Battalagundu 15 83 Dindigul, 13 134 Madura, . 25* 135 Mana Madura, 1 Mandapasalie, 50 121 Malur, . 10 60 Pasumalie, et 18 Periaculum, io 61 Pulney, . 7 31 Sivagunga, 3 14 Tirumungalum, 19 83 Tirupuvanum, 8 82 Usalampatti, 5

Total, 93 29 49 16 200 66 369 123 444 16 953

* Including two teachers in the female boarding school, t Including four teachers in the seminary.

In the seminary at Pasumalie there are four teachers and fifty-eight pupils, forty-three of whom are pursuing the full course of study. In all, from the beginning, two hundred and forty-nine pupils have left this institution, of whom one hundred and sixty-nine have been, and one hundred and nineteen are 1 0 8 MADURA. [Report, now in the service of the mission, as helpers. Six of the pupils were received to the church during the year. The female boarding school, at Madura, has two native teachers and forty- six pupils. Five united with the church during the year. The school has been much blessed, and is thought to be now “ pre­ pared to do more than ever before towards advancing the interests of female education.”

ITINERANT MISSIONARIES. In this mission field a new kind of effort seems to be needed. The present stationed missionaries, with the care of their own fields upon them, are unable to visit remote and unoccupied sections. The report mentions a region “ of at least four hun­ dred and fifty square miles, filled with a dense population,” which has never been visited by a missionary. Another dis­ trict contains “ not far from twelve hundred square miles, crowded with a population almost as destitute of missionary labor as the centre of Africa.” Our brethren feel that new efforts should be made in behalf of such districts; efforts which will demand more men in the mission, and men possess­ ing peculiar fitness for this special itinerating work. Mr. Tracy writes as follows: “ The work is one which will require peculiar qualifications in those who undertake it. They must be men able and willing to endure hardness as good soldiers of Jesus Christ. Living in tents, and wandering from place to place, they must be satisfied to be without many of the con­ veniences and comforts of settled life, and to live as strangers and pilgrims in the land. They should be men of good sound health, but especially of sound common sense ; able to take care o f themselves, as being yet in the body, and ready to accommodate themselves to the constantly varying circumstances in which they will be placed. These are rare qualifications, but rare men are needed. . The work is peculiar and important, as well as difficult. The Tinnevelly itinerating mission has been rich in such persons, all of them educated in the English universities, but simple-hearted, spiritually-minded men, throwing their whole hearts into their work. Are not the same traits of character to be found among American Christians ? ” Mr. Rendall, in a more recent communication, dated May 20, says : “ You will be glad to learn that the itinerancy is to com­ mence, June 1. It is arranged that two brethren shall go together, for three weeks, in some destitute portion of our field, and labor in this good work. We shall thus take our turns until our next meeting, when a new arrangement will be made. It will be a work of great toil, and we shall need God’s bless­ ing to sustain us. I trust we shall have your prayers.” 1863.] MADURA. 109

DEVELOPMENT OF SELF-SUPPORTING INSTITUTIONS. At the close of the last annual mission report, some remarks are made respecting the work to be done for the establishment of self-supporting, permanent, religious institutions, and the views, purposes and prospects of the missionaries in this regard, which are worthy of being repeated here. “ 1. There is a great work before us. The area, the popula­ tion, the multitude of villages, all remind us that the work is great. “ 2. Our line o f operations seems to be in the right direction. The turning of the people from their idolatry, and their assem­ bling in Christian congregations in their own villages, with the organization of churches among them, and the ordination of native pastors, in due time, for the churches, is that course of development and growth which we wish to see. We point to the reports now given, to show that this is the way in which God is leading us. Our out-stations, all our village congrega­ tions, and the employment in these of nearly all our native helpers, show that our work is in the right direction, and that our labor is not in vain. “ 3. Yet a distinctive, and what may almost be called a new development, is needed. There have been two marked methods of labor in the mission. The first was a system of schools for the children of the heathen. The second is the system of village congregations, with the organization of churches in the out-stations, when the way is prepared, and the ordination of native pastors over them. We need, now, to look and labor distinctively for the development of self-support in these native institutions. This cannot be brought about in a day, but must be the result of growth. Missionary societies are, however, right in pressing this point on their missions. With us, limita­ tion in our funds begins to require i t ; the good of the native Christians requires i t ; the growing demand for new out-stations among the thousands of our villages, while our means do not increase, demands it ; and the Bible demands it. We, there­ fore, cannot stop to argue this question further. We will only turn our attention to it, and address ourselves to the work itself. We can now record some progress in this respect. The idea has been set forth among our people, and the doctrine is, in some cases, accepted and acted upon. Every church having a native pastor has contributed something for his support. The amount is in some cases small, but the principle of self-support is thus introduced. Every contribution proclaims it, and the importance of it is becoming more and more felt. At our meeting in September, a helper read an essay on the subject, by appointment, and took, in theory at least, a well advanced position. The Native Evangelical Society, during the year, 10 110 MADURA. [Report,

has entirely relieved the mission of the support of five native pastors, with a very slight exception. At all the out-stations, an increasing amount is done by the native Christians towards the building and repairing of their churches, and they sustain all the incidental expenses of their worship; but in hardly any out-station has there been anything done as yet, by the native Christians, towards paying their catechist or schoolmaster. This subject, however, we have resolved to lay before them during this year. “ 4. Our native agency is o f great importance. Our mission­ aries [on the ground] are but eleven ; our native assistants, one hundred and ninety-nine. The character of their work does not diminish their importance. They are, for all practical purposes, evangelists ; and they have, in effect, received from us a commission as such, if not from the Lord Jesus. One of them told the truth when he wrote, in his report,— ‘ Mr. Scudder placed in my charge thirty-two villages.’ He doubtless also tells the truth in the declaration, — 11 have visited these vil­ lages from month to month, I have preached in all of them once, and in some, several times.’ And whether he, and others like him, have or have not, virtually, a commission from the Head of the church, let the same declaration say, together with his next sentence, which was as follows,— ‘ The heathen have treated me with respect, and have listened with attention to the truths I have uttered.’ The native assistants are not, all of them, all we could wish, nor are we ourselves; but of most of them we have good comfort, believing that they are the ser­ vants of the Lord, as we also are. “ 5. In establishing self-supporting institutions ive need time and divine guidance. We do not need time because it is a matter to be deferred as long as we can put it off, but because it can be accomplished only through the growth of knowledge and grace in the native Christians. Grace, in them, springs not up at our demand ; but with God’s blessing, there is first the blade, then the ear, and then the full corn in the ear. Nor, even in the mere mode of accomplishing it, does any one of us pre­ tend to a full comprehension of the subject. At some of the larger stations, the question presses for some kind of solution. Already, open doors for the establishment of out-stations are not entered, for the limit of pecuniary means to a station has been reached, and the practical problem is, to increase, native kelp with no increase o f means. Some of the smaller stations present, as yet, no such necessity ; but we see that in this vital part of the work we need the guidance of Him who said, ‘ Lo I am with you.’ We need also to see, among all our people, the realization of the promise, ‘ And it shall come to pass in the last days, saith God, I will pour out of my Spirit upon all 1863.] CEYLON. Ill flesh ; and your sons and your daughters shall prophesy, and your young men shall see visions, and your old men shall dream dreams; and on my servants and on my handmaidens I will pour out in those days of my Spirit, and they shall prophesy.’ ”

CEYLON MISSION.

B a t t ic o t t a .—"William W. Howland, Marshall D. Sanders, Missionaries; Mrs. Susan R. Howland, Mrs. Georgiana K. Sanders, Mrs. Hannah W. C. Ward.— One licensed preacher, three catechists, one teacher for training and theological school, seven school-teachers, and four other helpers.

T il l ip a l l y .—(In charge of Mr. Quick.)— Two catechists, and five school­ teachers: Paxditeripo.— James Quick, Missionary; Mrs. Maria E. Quick.— Tw o cat­ echists, four school-teachers, and one other helper.

O od o o v ille.—Levi Spaulding, Missionary; Mrs. Mary C. Spaulding, Misa Eliza Agnew.— One licensed preacher, one catechist, four teachers for boarding school, four school teachers, and four other helpers.

M a n e p y .—Eurotas P. Hastings, Missionary; Samuel F. Green, M . D ., Physi­ cian ; Mrs. Anna Hastings, Mrs. Margaret W. Green.—One catechist, three school-teachers, and two other helpers.

C iiavagacherry .— James A. Bates, Missionary; Mrs. Sarah A. Bates.—One native pastor, two catechists, two school-teachers, and two other helpers.

O o d o o p it t y .—John C. Smith, Missionary; Mrs. Mary C. Smith.—Two catechists, iive school-teachers, and one other helper.

OUT-STATIONS. Dependent on B a t t ic o t t a .— Karadive, one native pastor, and one teacher; Pungertive, one catechist, and two teachers ; Valany, (sustained by the Native Evangelical Society,) one native pastor, one catechist, and three teachers.

M a n e p y .— Navctly, one native pastor, one catechist, and two teachers.

C havagacherry .— Usan, two teachers; Varany, one catechist, and one teacher.

O o d o o p it t y .— Atchuvaly, one catechist, and two teachers.

7 stations. 7 out-stations. 7 missionaries. 1 physician. 10 female assistant missionaries. 4 native pastors. 2 licensed preachers. 18 catechists. 48 teachers. 14 other helpers.

Dr. and Mrs. Lord, formerly connected with this mission, have been transferred to the Madura field. Messrs. Howland m CEYLON. [Report, and Green, with their wives, reached Ceylon in October last. Mr. Howland went at once to his former station, Batticotta. Dr. and Mrs. Green, assigned to South Manepy, were scarcely settled in their new home when they narrowly escaped being killed by the falling of the roof of their sleeping room, during a severe storm. Mrs. Green was buried in the ruins, but was removed without serious injury.

RELIGIOUS MEETINGS HELPERS. A table is given in the mission report, showing the average attendance at meetings in 1862, from which the following items are taken. Stated religious services are held in thirty-six places. On Sabbath morning the number of services is twenty- two ; Sabbath afternoon, twenty-five; and on week-days, seven. The average number at all the meetings has been,— Sabbath mornings, 1,523 ; Sabbath afternoons, T63 ; on week­ days, 136; evenings, 668. Over two thousand persons, says the report, more than two-thirds of whom are children, thus hear the gospel message from week to week. The Sabbath morning services are largely attended by the adult members of the churches, and those connected with the mission, while the weekly meetings in villages, away from the stations, and the evening meetings, are mostly composed of adult heathens. Where Sabbath morning services are held, there is a Sabbath school for the children, an hour before the service. At Batti­ cotta the school is held in the afternoon, and is attended by many adults, male and female. The monthly concert is observed at all the stations, and a collection is taken. Female prayer-meetings are held once a week at stations where there is a mission family, conducted by the missionary’s wife. Once each month, mothers bring their younger children to these meetings, when they recite passages of Scripture. The first week of January was observed at most of the stations, and the meetings were generally well attended; but there was not such interest awakened as in previous years. The native pastors and licensed preachers appear to be doing good service, and of the catechists it is stated, that most of them are “ actually engaged in making known the gospel to the people in the villages where they live,” and that they man­ ifest a commendable zeal in efforts for the salvation of their countrymen. They are thus, though not regularly licensed as such, really preachers of the gospel.

EDUCATION. The following table presents the statistics of Vernacular Village Schools for the year 1862. 1863.] CEYLON. US

STATIONS.

Total of Teachers. Readers. Baptized pupils. children.

Stations.

>> supported supported by supported by other means. tfie tfie mission. members. o members. Male. Boys. Church Girls. Female. Not Not church No. No. of schools Girls. Boys. No. No. of schools « Girls.

Batti cotta, . . . 6 o 11 1 11 1 270 60 119 12 11 13 Panditeripo, . . 3 1 4 1 3 93 22 46 3 4 9 Tillipally, . . . 4 2 Ò 1 6 . 102 47 60 10 7 4 Oodoopitty, . . 4 3 4 3 V . 195 65 89 10 3 6 Chavagacherry, . 5 1 6 5 1 161 32 48 9 11 9 Oodooville,. . . 0 3 Ò 3 8 161 166 86 58 16 25 Manepy, . . . 3 2 4 1 3 2 80 70 38 11 4 15 Valany,. . . . • 3 3 3 65 15 3 • Total, . . . 30 20 42 9 44 7 1,130 462 501 113 59 81

Of the whole number of schools thus reported as under the supervision of the mission, thirty— in which there were 786 boys and 284 girls— were sustained by mission funds, eight mostly by tuition taken in the boys’ schools, two by a female education fund— one-third of the expenses being collected from the people— three by the Native Evangelical Society, and seven by other means. The whole number of pupils reported in December last was 1,130 boys and 462 girls. Of this number, there were present at the examination, 755 boys and 304 girls. The school examiner having been requested to ascertain how the different classes of the people were represented among the pupils, the result was as follows : Christian children, 140 ; Brahmins, 6 ; farmers, 1,227 ; artisans, 78 : lower classes, 121. The number of schools is nineteen more than were reported last year, and the increase in scholars is 752 boys and 184 girls. In the Oodooville female boarding school there were, at the close of the year, forty-four pupils. The ten in the first class were all members of the church, but only three of those in other classes. A class of eight,— all church members,— com­ pleted the course in January, and received honorable dismission. In 'March, a class of twelve was admitted for five years. The piety of the pupils was thought by the superintendent to be of a low grade for the first nine months of the year, but towards the close, he reported more seriousness and some conversions. The theological and training school numbered twenty-one pupils in December. A missionary present at the last examina­ tion reports as follows : “ The students manifested a familiarity with the subjects studied, and a readiness in communicating their knowledge, which was gratifying. In such studies as Algebra, Trigonometry, Anatomy and Moral Science, the text­ books of which have been translated, the very terms of scien­ 114 CEYLON. [Report, tific truth thus introduced,— and sounding so strangely in a language long the medium of falsehood in every shape,— seemed in themselves to have an inspiring influence upon the pupils, while the truths embodied cannot fail to make a deep and abiding impression. “ In Geography, the deficiency in text-books appeared to have exerted a favorable influence, from the necessity thereby created for thorough drilling upon the maps, and for reference to passing events, with a description of their various localities. There was an evident familiarity with the different parts of the world, of a highly practical character,—just what is needed. “ The Bible recitations were satisfactory and thorough, the pupils being evidently quite familiar with Bible truth and history. The study of the divine word had apparently had its legitimate influence, in enlarging and elevating the mind ; and it is hoped that the majority of the members of the school have experi­ enced its transforming power upon their hearts.” Including the Batticotta high school, six English schools are noticed in the mission report, (sustained in part by the people, but some of them receiving grants from the Government,) with more than four hundred pupils in all. With reference to these, the report says: “ We should much prefer to see more of the energy put forth by these lads to acquire an English education, devoted to their mother tongue ; but as they and their parents seem inclined to pursue this course, we are glad to have the schools as much under Christian influence as they are ; and we think that, in the end, the result will be better than if they were, as before, wholly under the control of the missionaries.” Twelve young men have pursued medical studies under the direction of a committee of the mission, with Dr. C. McIntyre as teacher; the expense being defrayed by a grant from Govern­ ment. Dr. Green, on his arrival, took charge of the class.

PRINTING COLPORTAGE. . The number of pages printed during the year is reported as 818,400. The circulation o f the Morning Star was 657 copies. The distribution of books from the depository was as follows : religious books in Tamil, 2,018 ; sehool and medical books, 1,998; cards and maps, 30; English and Tamil school books, 270 ; portions of Scripture and Bibles, 2,363 ; total, 6,679. The committee on Bible colportage say : “ It appears that, during the year, 10,573 houses were visited by three Bible col- porters, [supported by the Jaffna and the British and Foreign Bible Societies,] and 32,664 people were addressed, individually or in groups, upon the excellencies and claims of the Word o f God. We have much reason to hope that the seed thus sown 1863.] CEYLON. 115 will not be lost, but will in due time bring forth fruit to the praise of the Divine Author of the Bible.” Besides these, two mission colporters have been employed— one at Batticotta, and one at Chavagacherry— for the distribu­ tion of books by sale, and to aid in collecting subscriptions for the Morning Star, in places distant from the stations. They sold three hundred and forty-one portions of Scripture; and in addition to these sales, about four hundred portions were distributed without price, for use in Sabbath and day schools. The total number of Scripture portions scattered among the people within the year was over 2,000, and the number of tracts distributed was 8,767.

TIIE CHURCHES. The number of churches is ten ; the same as last year. Pour, — those at Valany, Karadive, Chavagacherry, and Navaly,— are under the care of native pastors. The whole number of mem­ bers at the close of the year was four less than at the begin­ ning, but some have been received since the present year came in. The following table presents the more important statistics:

5 o I Communicants, ¡j £ I Dec. 31, 1862. , öu ¿3 « a.*- Ch u r ch es. a t*

Batticotta, 70 43 113 Valany, . 6 8 14 Karadive, 13 4 17 Panditeripo, 16 16 31 Tillipally, 13 18 36 Oodoopitty, 14 6 19 Chavagacherry, 19 20 39 OodooviUe, 44 75 119 Manepy, . 19 11 30 Navaly, . 14 17 31 Total, 17 10 10 13 i 36 233 216 449 116 3

The actual condition of these churches seems well repre­ sented in a letter from Mr. Howland, giving his impressions, after an absence of five years in America. “ There is much in the state of the church here to cause anxiety. Its numbers have increased, and the members are advancing in wealth and influence. There is a consequent feeling of independence, which, when connected with a right spirit, is a matter of encouragement. But. pride and world­ liness have too much influence, aud we sometimes fear that 1 1 6 CEYLON. [Report, another idolatry, in the shape of covetousness, is taking the place of the old. The heathen community have but little confidence in the sincerity of the Christians,— from various causes, for which they are not wholly to blame,— and they have too little confidence in, and too little sympathy with, one another. “ I ought to say, however, that I have a higher estimate of the piety of the native church members than I had previous to my visit to America. The standard here is, I think, as high as it is there, when we consider the difference of circumstances. They have made progress during my absence, in a more perfect organization, in assuming responsibility in the care of places of worship and the collection and distribution of charitable contributions, and in other respects. In this connection, the institution of an annual Thanksgiving is a pleasing feature. It is held at the close of the harvest, and all bring in more or less, as a thank-offering to the Lord. It was held this year on the 25th of March. The whole amount contributed was about thirty dollars. Last year about forty-five dollars were collected. Some of the crops have been injured by rain this season, and from other causes money is just now scarce.” The benevolent contributions reported were for various objects,— the Native Evangelical Society, (£45 13s. 2d.) ; Ed­ ucation, (£24 5s. 6d.); Places of Worship, (£15 2s. 10d.); the American Board, (£8 2s. 6d.) ; Support of the Gospel; Jaffna Bible Society; Jaffna Tract Society; Monthly Concert; and for the poor. The whole amount was a little less than was given in 1861. This falling off is explained by the increased expense of living. “ Still,” the report adds, “ we feel that with a higher standard of action, there is in the church ability to do more than has yet been done.” In concluding their annual report, the brethren of the mis­ sion say : “ Though we cannot speak of great progress in our work,— of large numbers turning to the Lord, and multitudes inquiring what they must do to be saved,— yet we feel assured that there is a steady onward progress, and that the word of God is doing its appointed work in the hearts of many around us.” 186-3.] CANTON. 117

EASTERN ASIA.

CANTON MISSION.

C a n t o n . — Dyer Ball, M. D., Samuel W . Bonney, Daniel Yrooman, Mission- aries; Mrs. Isabella Ball, Mrs. Catharine V. It. Bonney, Mrs. Maria W. Yroo­ man.—Three native helpers.

1 station. 3 missionaries, one a physician. 3 female assistant missionaries. 3 native helpers. The health of Dr. Ball, who was spoken of in the last Report as practically withdrawn from the mission, has some­ what improved ; so that for six months, up to January last, he had usually attended one or two services a day at his chapel, spending an hour at each, and speaking to such as came in respecting the truths of the gospel. Mr. and Mrs. Bonney were constrained, by the state of Mrs. Bonney’s health, to leave Canton for a time in the summer of 1862. Wishing to avoid the necessity of returning to the United States, they tried the effect of a visit to Japan, with very happy results. Preparations were made for their accommodation at the house of Dr. Hep­ burn, of the Presbyterian mission, at Kanagawa, where they were kindly received, and Mr. Bonney soon wrote : “ The pure, cool, bracing air; the sweet hill water; the green fields, fertile valleys, and luxuriant vegetation; the quiet and rest of this rural spot; and the opportunity for horseback riding, which we have not at Canton,— all combine to give health to mind and body.” During their absence, on the 27th of July, a typhoon, more destructive than often occurs, was experienced at Canton. Many houses were destroyed, and thousands of lives were lost. Their own dwelling, which, with Mrs. Bon­ ney’s school, had been left in charge of Mr. and Mrs. Condit, of the Presbyterian Board, was much injured, and came near being entirely broken down ; but the inmates all escaped, and Mr. and Mrs. Yrooman took the school-girls to their home.

ROBBERY. On the 5th of December, Mr. Bonney started, in company with two other clergymen, one of them an English chaplain, on a horseback excursion, designing to visit towns and villages in the north-east part of the province, where Christian teachers had never been. They took with them a large number of •^^agra^H-lrrSchcnìberg 8¡ Cb.TJ.lT. 1863.] CANTON. 119

tracts and portions of Scripture, had been out seven days, and had visited thirty or forty villages, when they were assailed, in the mountainous region of the Wychow department, by twenty- five armed men, threatening them with instant death if they made any resistance. Mr. Bonney writes : “ At once they fell to rifling our persons, pulling off our coats and vests, and taking our parcels and small boxes. After a parley among themselves, they ordered us to go before them, two or three leading the way. We were driven like prisoners, trembling for our lives, off the highway for three or four miles, through jungle and high grass, up and down hill, into a ravine. Here they halted and made movements to murder us. Two or three of the banditti, more humane than the others, opposed all such attempts, pushing away the spears thrust at us, and the like. We feared that their angry words with each other might turn to our disadvantage. At last they decided to take our horses, luggage, and every thing, and leave us in the ravine, to go where we pleased.” As soon as the robbers left, the brethren made their way to the village where they had spent the previous night, and thence back to Canton. They returned through the cities of Loong Moon and Tsung Shing, were seven days on the way, and were every where treated kindly by the people and magistrates, receiving needed assistance. They were told that the banditti were remaining bands of the rebels who desolated the province, in 1854-5. They carried away, with their booty, copies of the Scriptures and religious tracts, which it is hoped may yet do good. Mr. Bonney’s losses, in horse, watch, clothing, books, &c., amounted to about two hundred dollars.

LABORS. The labors of the brethren have been much as heretofore. No recent report respecting these labors, or the schools and con­ gregations, has been received. The latest definite statement, dated July 12, 1862, reached the Missionary House in October, about the time of the last annual meeting of the Board. There were then more than forty pupils in Mr. Yrooman’s day school, “ making commendable progress: ” four boarding and about twenty day scholars in Mrs. Yrooman’s school for girls ; seven­ teen pupils in Mrs. Bonney’s boarding school for girls, and forty in Mr. Bonney’s day school. Usually, four or five services per week were held at each of the three mission chapels, and many addresses were made on missionary excursions ; so that it was said, “ the preaching services of the mission will fall but little short of fifteen hundred during the year.” Tracts were dis­ tributed, to a greater or less extent, at all these services, and 120 FUH-CHAU. [Report, the whole number of pages, of tracts and portions of Scripture, distributed by the mission during the year 1861, was more than 1,300,000.

FUH-CHAU MISSION.

F u h - chau— City Station.—Charles Hartwell, Simeon F . W oodin, Mission­ aries; Mrs. Lucy E. Hartwell, Mrs. Sarah L. Woodin.— One native catechist.

P o n asan g .— Lyman B. Peet, Caleb C. Baldwin, Justus Doolittle, Missionaries; Mrs. H. L. Peet, Mrs. Harriet F. Baldwin, Mrs. Lucy E. Doolittle.—Two native catechists.

■Out-stations. — Nangseu, one native catechist. Langpue, and Changloh. 2 stations. 3 out-stations. 5 missionaries. 5 female assistant missionaries. 4 native catechists. The tabular view of the mission now gives two stations at Fuh-chau, one in the city proper, and one at Ponasang, a suburb. A letter from Mr. Baldwin, dated October 4, says: “ Messrs. Hartwell and Woodin are now comfortably located within the city walls. We have there one small chapel, not on the main street. The interests of our work require a larger room, in a better and more public place. During most of the year, only four mission families were in this field. Mr. and Mrs. Doolittle left Fuh-chau for North China, in April, 1862, by the advice of their physician; Mrs. Doolittle having but partially recovered from a serious illness. They went first to T ’ung-chau, but at* the urgent request of Mr. Blodget, of the North China mission, Mr. Doolittle joined him at Tientsin, in June, leaving his fam­ ily, however, for a time, at T ’ung-chau, where, in September, they were called to part with their only daughter. She died of cholera. Mrs. Doolittle subsequently joined her husband at Tientsin, and they labored at that place until March last, when they returned to Fuh-chau. The labors and prospects of the mission seem to have been much as in previous years. The two Sabbath services at Pona­ sang, conducted by Mr. Baldwin, aided by the native catechist Nga, have been attended by 11 some church members residing near, by those connected with the day school and families at Ponasang,” and by from twenty to one hundred “ outside peo­ ple.” Since removing to his new house in the city, in August, 1862, Mr. Hartwell has held a service in his study, Sabbath mornings. He has visited the Nangseu out-station monthly, and considers the field an interesting one, where numbers know much of the gospel and many seem convinced of its truth ; but they fail, as yet, to take an open stand for Christ. Mr. Woodin 1863.] FUH-CHAU. 121 has also visited that place monthly, during most of the year, has regularly preached once on the Sabbath in the chapel in the city, and has had a Bible class each Sabbath. The audiences in the city are from twenty to thirty, which is u the extent of the capacity of the chapel.” Mr. Peet has continued his morn­ ing exercises at the church, except when absent on tours in the country. The Makin chapel is also under his care, where two exercises on the Sabbath, and one or more during the week, have been sustained, with the assistance of a native helper. Meetings for females have been held by Mrs. Baldwin and Mrs. Hartwell, and an increasing disposition has been noticed, on the part of females, to visit the houses of the missionaries, both in the city and in the vicinity of Ponasang. Large numbers of tracts have been distributed to candidates for literary degrees, coming from other places to Fuh-chau, so that they are scattered far abroad. In most cases these were gladly received, and in some instances eagerly sought for ; but sometimes they have been rejected with scorn. Twenty-five thousand, three hundred copies, in all, of different tracts and portions of Scripture, were printed during the year; most of which have already been put in circulation.

SCHOOLS. The mission report states: “ By means of funds raised in the foreign community here, through the kindly efforts of Messrs. H. D. Williams and J. Middleton, Jr., for purchasing a school- house and opening a girls’ school, premises have been secured near the new houses in the city, suitable for the purpose. They will be occupied for a girls’ day school, for meetings with females, and for preaching and other services on the Sabbath. The securing of these premises will be a great aid, apparently, to successful operations in the city. We now need, further, a large chapel on a public street, the Tsin-munlau chapel being too contracted for efficient labor. “ The average attendance at the school at Ponasang, under the care of Mrs. Baldwin, has been seven or eight, of whom two or three are boys, the rest girls. It is hoped that this little school may be a stepping-stone to a girls’ boarding school, conducted on the main idea of training wives for native helpers. The great importance of such an institution, for the successful pros­ ecution of the work by native agencies, becomes more and more apparent every year.”

CHURCH. Mr. Baldwin has had the pastoral oversight of the native church at Fuh-chau. “ All the members, so far as is known, 11 122 NORTH CHINA. have generally maintained a consistent Christian walk. The yonng man who was previously suspended for a time, has been recently excommunicated. Nine new members have been re­ ceived by baptism, during the year, and one has been removed by death. There are now, in all, twenty-five communicants ; nineteen males and six females. Of these, twelve are heads of families. The number of baptized children is seven. A few of the church members are believed to be quite devoted and zealous, but most of them seem to be ordinary Christians.” A room has been secured at Changloh, one of the out-stations reported, about fifteen miles from Fuh-chau, where the brethren can stop and preach when they visit the place, and some encour­ agement is reported there. Other places are mentioned as having been visited, and the report refers to “ many favorable opportunities for making known the truth, both in the city and in the country,” states that “ the fields are whitening for the har­ vest,” and calls for “ a reinforcement of two families, to be sent as soon as practicable.” Mr. Hartwell also writes : “ Just now is a time to enlarge our work. The way is open to preach in all directions. There never was a time when we were better received; and it seems to me there has never been, before, so good a prospect of visible fruit.” A letter from Mr. Peet, of more recent date than the mission report, mentions that a church was organized on the 31st of May, at the out-station Changloh, consisting of seven members, all received by baptism at that time.

NORTH CHINA MISSION.

T ie n t s in .—Henry Blodget, Charles A. Stanley, Lyman Dwight Chapin, Mis­ sionaries ; Mrs. Ursula Stanley, Mrs. Clara L. Chapin.— One native helper.

O u t- s t a t io n .

Tung-Chau.— One native helper. Jn this country.—Mrs. Eliza J. Bridgman, Mrs. Sarah F. E. Blodget.

1 station. 1 out-station. 3 missionaries. 4 female assistant missionaries. 2 native helpers.

Mr. and Mrs. Stanley, who sailed from Boston, July 1, 1862, reached Shanghai, after a long voyage, in December, too late to go to their more northern field before the closing of the river navigation. They were therefore obliged to spend the winter at Shanghai, but arrived at Tientsin on the 13th of March.

124 NORTH CHINA. [Report,

Mr. and Mrs. Chapin sailed from New York, November 1, and reached Tientsin, April 18. Mrs. Bridgman is now on a visit to the United States, for the improvement of her health, hoping to return again to China. She arrived at New York, April 22. Before leaving Shanghai, she transferred the care of her board­ ing school to Mr. and Mrs. Roberts, of the Presbyterian Board. A day school was also to be still sustained by one of her “ trained girls,” under the superintendence of Mrs. Laisune. Mr. Doolittle, of the Fuh-chau mission, was at Tientsin, assist­ ing Mr. Blodget in the work there, from June, 1862, to March, 1863. Mr. Blodget, thus partially relieved, spent some time at Peking, in September. He went again to that place in December, “ to exercise his vocation as a missionary, preaching the gospel,’’ and remained, it would appear, until about the first of March. His health, after having long been such as, in the estimation of physicians and others, to demand his immediate return to the United States, was spoken of by him as decidedly improved in September; and in October, he wrote : “ I am now in such health as to remove the question of return for the present.” In July, he had said : “ It is, with me, Peking or the United States.”

PEKING AND T’UNG-CHAU. As in former years, Mr. Blodget has urged the importance of such reinforcements of the mission that Peking, T ’ung-chau, and other places, might be occupied. Respecting Peking, he wrote, in May, 1862: 11 This is a fine city, by far the finest in China. The walls, the streets, the merchandise, the build­ ings, the temples and monuments of antiquity, are all far beyond what are found in other cities of the empire. The site of the city itself is fine, the mountains lying round about, and the land within, and in the vicinity, being elevated and dry. Trees abound, both in the courts of public and private buildings, and in grounds pertaining to some of the temples, where there are large parks and groves. It is the second city in the world for size, containing about two millions of inhabitants. The climate is regarded as healthy, for men of the West. I have visited a cemetery of Roman Catholic priests, mostly French Jesuits, and made some notes of the length of their residence in China. Of twenty-six priests whose remains were interred there, the average term of life in China was 24 9-26 years; and the average total length of life was 60 9-26 years. The average age for entering the field, was 35 10-13 years. This is remarkable; it accords with what I have found true in Kiang Nan ; and we may learn a lesson from it. No settled minister, who feels inwardly called to this missionary work, and who is 1863.] NORTH CHINA. 125 an apt scholar, need be detained by his age from coming to China, if he is not above thirty or thirty-five.” Again he says: “ I went out with Mr. Edkins, a day or two since, to the hills nearest the city on the west, to note their advantages for a health resort for invalids in the summer. The nearest hills are twenty li from Peking. The temples are beautiful, clean, and affording every accommodation. The yards are spacious, and adorned with trees and flowers. The air, at this season, is cool and pleasant. These hills are on the slope of high mountain ranges, and cooler air may be obtained by ascending farther. I cannot see why a delicate female would not find herself as well situated here, in point o f climate, as she would be, for example,* on the hills in the vicinity of Philadelphia. It is a very inviting place, and will afford a quiet retreat from the great city.” T ’ung-chau, (T-hoong-chow,) twelve miles from Peking, and easily reached by boats from Tientsin, is spoken of as in some respects preferable to Peking as a place of residence, and contains a population of about 150,000. Mr. Blodget rented premises there in December, near one of the main streets, to be occupied for the present by “ the aged man Lioh,” who had already been in the city for some weeks. A month later this helper is spoken of as having been “ busy during the past two months, and to some purpose.”

NEW HOUSE AND CHAPEL AT TIENTSIN THE CHURCH. With the kind and generous assistance of Dr. S. Wells Williams, the missionaries secured a house at Tientsin in Oc­ tober, 1862, in a very eligible situation, near the centre of the city, “ large enough to accommodate two families, and, with some outlay for an additional room, to afford a very suitable chapel in front, upon the main street.” On the 17th of De­ cember, Mr. Blodget wrote : “ We have had the new chapel open daily, for two weeks. It is filled, sometimes crowded, and more has been done for the general diffusion of Christian knowledge than in the previous three months. Our former chapel was remote from the street, and few came in at week­ day services. The young man, Chia, does well in addressing the people.” In July, 1862, three hopeful converts, in addition to those mentioned in last year’s Report, were baptized, by Mr. Blodget, two of whom were females; in November, another woman was thus received as a follower of Christ; and on the 27th of February, Mr. Doolittle wrote : “ Last Sabbath it was my great privilege to baptize three men, who have been con­ nected with the congregation from one to two years, and to organize a native church of ten members,— two women and eight men.” KORTH CHINA. [Report,

Respecting one of the converts, often spoken of, Mr. Blodget wrote, in September : “ The blind man, Chang, fills us with joy. He is in feeble health, but very zealous, and at times overcome by powerful emotion.” A female prayer-meeting had been commenced, of which he took charge. After her arrival at Tientsin, Mrs. Doolittle had the care of this meeting, assisted, however, by Chang. But not all who have professed faith in Christ, at Tientsin, have fully adorned their profession. Trying inconsistencies of conduct are referred to, and the brethren have been under the painful necessity of excluding Mr. Blodget’s personal teacher, • Su, and one other member, from their fellowship. A Hymn Book, in Mandarin Colloquial, has been prepared, which was to be printed at Peking.

PAPISTS—CHANGES.

In July, 1862, a company of Roman Catholic missionaries— one bishop, four priests, and twelve sisters of charity— arrived at Tientsin. The long-continued, zealous efforts ©f Papists, should stimulate the Protestant church. “ For hundreds of years,” writes Mr. Blodget, “ through good report and through evil report, they have followed up their missions in China, supplying by fresh laborers the place of the dead, and perme­ ating every part of the Empire.” Writing in July, 1862, and looking back upon the eight years of his residence in China, Mr. Blodget presented the following brief, but, on the whole, very encouraging view of changes which had taken place, bearing upon the interests and prospects of the Redeemer’s kingdom in that portion of the world. “ It will be eight years, on the 5th of August, since I landed in Hong-kong ; a brief period, certainly, but long enough to embrace events of extraordinary magnitude in the religious and political affairs of China, and of other nations in the far East. Then, there were but five open ports. Now, there are eleven; and each of those newly opened is a key to a new and highly interesting region of this great empire. Then, Manchuria, Formosa, and Hainan were sealed up, alike to the missionary and the merchant. Japan also was closed, except to one nation, entering at one port. Now, Manchuria is open by one port; Formosa by tw o; Hainan by one ; and Japan, properly, by five. Then, a journey of thirty miles from an open port was all that was allowed, and in many places it was hazardous to venture even that. Now, passports are granted to travelers, to go all over the empire, avoiding disturbed districts, $nd also to journey in Manchuria and Mongolia. Tours from Canton to Hank’ow overland; to the province of Sz-chuen, on 1863.] SANDWICH ISLANDS. the western borders of the Empire ; to Tsinanfoo and Taiyuen- foo, the capital cities of Shantung and Shansi; to Kiakta, on the frontiers of Russia; and to Monkden, the ancient capital of Man­ churia,— have already been accomplished. Flourishing mercan­ tile communities have been formed, at Nien Chwang, or Ying-tsz, at Tientsin, Chifoo, Hank’en, Kieu-kiang, Swatow, Nagasaki, Yokuhama, and Hakodadi; places, some of them, thousands of miles remote from each other, and each of them likely to become, in future years, a centre of very great political and religious influence. Already the merchandise produced at the Lowell and Manchester mills, after changing its owners but two or three times, is borne on the backs of camels, over the mountain ranges, into Mongolia. Sailing ships and steamers are found in unfrequented waters, among the Japanese islands, on the coasts and in the centre of the Chinese Empire. The steam whistle announces a new order of things to many a petri­ fied inhabitant of the Middle Flowery Kingdom. “ Eight years since, the number of converts among Protestant missions, excepting the German, scarcely exceeded the number of missionaries. Now, their number approaches two thousand ; still a very small body, it is true, but sufficient to encourage the hearts of Christians, and inspire the hope of a great harvest at no distant day.” It is, however, a painful fact, stated by Dr. S. W. Williams, in a recent lefter, that the number of missionary laborers in the country is less now than it was ten years ago. Shall not the years to come witness progress in the effort to enlighten and to save the millions of this Empire ?

NORTH PACIFIC OCEAN.

THE SANDWICH ISLANDS.

[Of the persons named below, Messrs. A. Bishop, P. J. Gulick, Coan, Bond, James W . Smith, and Pogue, derive their support wholly from the Islands ; and Messrs. Thurston, Baldwin, Clark, L. Smith, Paris, Lyons, Alexander, Parker, Emerson, Rowell, Dole, O. H. Gulick, Johnson, S. E. Bishop, Forbes, and Wilcox, only in part. The relation of the brethren to the Board is similar to that subsisting between Home Missionaries and the Society which guarantees their support.]

H a w a i i .

N o r t h K o n a .—Rev. Asa Thurston, and Mrs. Lucy G. Thurston, now absent in California.

S o u t h K o n a .—Rev. John D. Paris, and Mrs. Mary C. Paris.

K ao.— R ev. O. H. Gulick, and Mrs. Gulick.

1863.] SANDWICH ISLANDS. 129

H i l o .—Rev. Titus Coan, Rev. David B. Lyman; Mrs. Fidelia C. Coan, Mrs. Sarah B. Lyman, Mrs. Jane S. Shipman.

W a i m e a .—Rev. Lorenzo Lyons, and Mrs. Lucretia G. Lyons.

K o h a l a .—Rev. Elias Bond, and Mrs. Ellen M. Bond.

M a u i .

L ahaina,— R ev. Dwight Baldwin, M. D., and Mrs. Charlotte F. Baldwin.

K a a n a p a l i .—(Out-station.)—J. H. Moku, Native Pastor.

L a h a i n a l u x a .—(Seminary belonging to and supported by the Government.)— Rev. John F. Pogue; Mrs. Maria K. Pogue.

W a il t j k u .—Rev. William P. Alexander, and Mrs. Mary Ann Alexander.

H o n u a u l a .—(Out-station.)—S. W . Nueku, Native Pastor.

H an a.—Rev. Sereno E. Bishop, and Mrs. Bishop.

M o l o k a i .

K a l a u a a h a .—Rev. Anderson O. Forbes; Mrs. Maria P. Forbes, Mrs. Rebecca H. Hitchcock.

O a h u .

H o n o l u l u .—Rev. Ephraim W . Clark, Rev. Lowell Smith, Rev. Peter J. Gulick, Rev. Artemas Bishop; Mrs. Mary K. Clark, Mrs. Abba W. Smith, Mrs. Fanny H. Gulick, Mrs. Delia S. Bishop, Mrs. Maria P. Chamberlain, Miss Lydia Brown.

P u n a h o u .—(Oahu College.)—Rev. Cyrus T. Mills, President; Mr. William Dewitt Alexander, Professor; Mrs. Susan L . Mills, Mrs. Abbie Alexander, Miss Maria C. Ogden.

E w a . —S. Kahoohalahala, Native Pastor.

K a n e o h e .—Rev. Benjamin W . Parker, and Mrs. Mary E. Parker.

W a i a l u a .—Rev. John S. Emerson, and Mrs. Ursula S. Emerson.

H a n u l a .—(Out-station.)— M . Kuae, Native Pastor.

K a u a i .

W a im e a .—Rev. George B. Rowell; Mrs. Malvina J. Rowell, Mrs. Mary P . W hitney.

K o l o a .—Rev. James W . Smith, M. D., Rev. Daniel Dole, Mrs. Mellicent K . Smith, Mrs. Charlotte C. Dole.

W a i o l i .—Rev. Edward Johnson, Mr. Abner W ilcox; Mrs. Lois S. Johnson, Mrs. Lucy E. Wilcox. Summary. Stations, ...... 19 Out-stations, (reported only in part,) .... 3 Clergymen deriving support wholly from the Board, . 2 “ “ “ wholly from the Islands, . 6 “ “ “ partly from the Islands, . 15 Laymen deriving support partly from the Board, . . I Laymen deriving support wholly from the Islands, (including Dr. Charles H. Wetmore, and Messrs. Samuel N. Castle, Edward Bailey, Amos S. Cooke, Edwin 0. Hall, and Henry Dimond,) ...... 7 Whole number of foreign clergymen on the above list, . 25 “ “ laymen, . . . . . 8 Married and unmarried females, (including the wives of the laymen named above,) ..... 37 Native pastors, ...... 4 Native preachers, ...... 10 ISO SANDWICH ISLANDS. [Report,

Mr. William H. Rice, formerly, for about, thirteen years, con­ nected with this mission as a teacher, died at the Islands, May 27, 1862, leaving “ a memory precious to all who knew him.5’ Tw o sons of the older missionaries have been ordained within the year;— Mr. O. H. Gulick. (who takes the place at Kau, vacated by the death of Mr. Shipman,) on the 12th of October, 1862; and Mr. H. H. Parker, as pastor of the First Church at Honolulu, on the 27th of June last. The latter is supported wholly by his people. The history of this mission, for the past year, is intimately connected with the visit of the senior Secretary of the Board to the Islands; but what relates to that visit will be made the subject of a Special Report. The inauguration there of an Episcopal mission, from England, is an event of some import­ ance, of which notice may be found in the Missionary Herald for February last. What will be the effect of this upon the labors and influence of those who have so long been the Pro­ testant religious teachers of the Hawaiian people, and have done so much for their elevation and their spiritual good, cannot be known as yet.

MORALS AJKD RELIGION. Letters received from the missionaries, during the early part of the year now under review, represented the moral and religious condition of the people as much less encouraging than it has sometimes been. One brother refers to the course of the Govern­ ment,— among other things, in appointing to important offices men wholly unfit for the positions,— as “ rapidly digging the grave of the nation ; ” speaks of the land, on all the Islands, as fast passing into the hands of foreigners, few of whom are men of religious character; mentions the Chinese element as entering largely into the community, and threatening to be as formidable as any; and says “ there never was a time when our churches needed watchful and efficient cultivation more than now.” Another wrote : “ Looking at the Islands in a spiritual point of view, there is much to discourage, and little to animate and cheer. No revival is in progress, and there are few indica­ tions of spiritual life in the churches. But what, in my opinion, is the most discouraging,— darkening all the future of this people, — is the sad state of morals among the rising generation. The young men seem to have no conscience, no moral sense. There are very few children indeed who give evidence of piety,— very few are church members.” Another refers to “ illicit distilleries,” and the increase of intemperance, and states: “ It is a season of rebuke with us. Our churches are in the slough of sin. Coldness and stupidity abound, as to spiritual things; zeal and devotion, as to iniquity. 1863.] SANDWICH ISLANDS. 131

The peace is the slumber of spiritual death; and it is painful to know that on all sides, and to the farthest extremities of the Islands, this aspect of affairs is universally mourned.” “ Our young men, both in the church and out of it, spend their time in blank idleness, and by an inevitable necessity, in hatching iniquity.” Still another speaks of it as plain, in his field, that the people are less interested than in former years in all that would im­ prove them physically, mentally and morally ; mentions dimin­ ished attendance upon public and social religious services, and “ an increase of immorality, Sabbath-breaking, gambling, horse- racing, drinking and feasting for the dead; a revival of other heathen customs,” and the “ progress of popery.” Thus dark was the picture presented in several letters written during the summer and autumn of 1862. In June of the pres­ ent year, the Hawaiian Evangelical Association held its annual meeting at Honolulu, attended by nearly all the missionaries, and their Genera] Letter is, on the whole, cheerful and encour­ aging. They say, indeed : “ Our hearts are not cheered with accounts of the conversion of sinners and revivals of religion. On the contrary, many of the station reports speak of great want of interest, among the churches and people, in spiritual things.” Still, they do not feel that they have labored in vain, or spent their strength for naught. Temptations, in great vari­ ety, are said to have multiplied throughout the Islands. There is “ the spirit of the world of fashion, rational infidelity from Christian lands, and the increase of foreigners bearing the name of Christ, but destitute of the form of godliness ; ” so that the churches “ have been fanned and sifted, and many unstable souls have gone over to Satan.” Yet God has not left himself without witness. Some persons have been converted and others are inquiring; the number received to the churches on profession, during the year, was two hundred and forty-four; and it is said : “ We believe our churches are growing in knowl­ edge and in grace. There never was a time when we had more decided evidence of genuine piety, or a larger number who would suffer persecution, and death if need be, for the name of the Lord Jesus.” The number of removals, however, by death and excommunication, during the year, was much greater than the number of additions. In this connection, grateful mention is made of the visit of the Secretary of the American Board, the assistance received from him in all the deliberations of the annual meeting, and the unanimity and harmony with which all questions of importance were decided ; the conclusions reached having been “ more than satisfactory,— far beyond the most sanguine expectations.” Statistics of the churches, the result of a new and careful 132 SANDWICH ISLANDS. [Report, examination of the facts, and therefore varying considerably from those in former Reports, will be found in the table annexed.

I T3 6TATI0N8. O H 3 « standing. baptized. profession. year* deceased. a *** year. ' ' dismissed. on profession. on Excluded Excluded past PaBt year on year PaBt Now Now regular in Marriages. j On On certificate. Whole number Total Total children On certificate. On Whole number Whole Whole number Total past year. Total past Dismissed past Dismissed P I Baptized past Baptized I 1 year.

Hilo, .... 11,491 636 57 10 67 869 12 6,535 198 12 4,383 4,262 52 38 Waimea, . . . 7,267 670 40 5 451,677 47 3,760 70 53 1,756 1,752 27 31 Kohala, . . . 2,269 797 17 18 35 597 15! 1,074 35 8 951 1,329 12 31 Kailua, . . . 3,325 362 4 4 723 3 1,062 40 1,143 #- Kealakeakua, . 3,443 173 '52 10 62 . 46 36 '50 1,0 Jl 1,618 62 59 .Kau, .... 1,477 5 1 6 1 550 565 7 5 fHana, .... . 6 2 8 2 49 18 559 20 . Kaupo, . . . 1 1 , 2 6 12 225 8 . | Koolau, . . . 14 14 3 4 234 2 Wailuku,. . . 1,597 Ì06 ' 8 8 860 17 4 530 1,Ì53 4 23 Honuaula, . . 3 3 7 39 ’ 4 240 14 Kaanapali, . . ¿85 .. 87 256 410 ... I Lahainaluna, . . .. (.Lahaina, . . . 1,543 518 6 25 31 333 ' 868 45 645 1,631 21 30 OLOKAI, .... 2,104 76 12 4 16 58 518 20 11 803 . 20 22 f Honolulu, 1st, . 4,497 820 12 11 23 604 23 1,785 74 50 2,516 886 36 60 I Honolulu, 2d, . 2,765 980 19 19 50«i 14; 1,562 51 15 1,006 830 17 29 1 Ewa, .... 2,568 2 2 400; ? 950 19 307 4 Waianae, . . . 582 ‘ 1 1 39! If 277 16 33 160 ‘ 66 ’ l 6 j Waialua, . . . 1,060 235 . 5 5 30^; . 333 13 ; 348 720 15 10 1 Hanula, . . . 651 39 2 0 21 G 2f-0 8 3 265 177 9 10 (.Kaneohe, . . . 923 98 ‘ 1 1 65; . 365 11 410 294 1 15 ( Waimea, . . . 963 139 59 340 20i 39:- 4 12 Koloa, . . . . 758 312 22 ‘24 90 ' 3 324 'l9 < 505 379 15 (.Waioli, . . . 777: 173 18 13 31 8 21 21 421 275 13 2 • •

Total,...... 50,8816,134 244| 164 418 6,958,' 225^18,848 7 4 4 361 19,G79 15,767 361 391

EES TILTS OF PAST EFFORTS. Referring to changes now to be made in the manner of con­ ducting efforts for the educational and religious interests of the people, the brethren very naturally glance at the past, and speak of the work already accomplished through the instrumentality of this Board. They say: “ A great and marvelous work it is. A whole nation of the most degraded, naked, savage idolators of earth, in a single generation, civilized, Christianized, and now standing on a level (in many respects) with the most favored nations of the world! The people are all decently clothed, from the highest to the lowest. They have a written language, with schools, and books on science, literature, and religion, and with the whole -Bible in their mother tongue. The law of marriage is everywhere recognized. The public worship of ,God is attended as regularly as in most Christian countries. The observance of the Sabbath is more general, strict and con­ sistent, than in most parts of the United States. Intemperance, except among foreigners, is more rare than in any other part of the world. In connection with the Government, which is a Constitutional Monarchy, we have good and wholesome laws, 1863.] SANDWICH ISLANDS. 133 as well enforced as in the most enlightened and Christian na­ tions of the earth. “ Native Hawaiians, educated in our common and higher schools and seminaries, iill some among all the most important, responsible and trustworthy offices, both in church and state, from the President of the Board of Education to the teacher of the humblest district school; and from the lowest local magis­ tracy to the highest judicial bench. They are also representa­ tives in our legislative chambers,— influenced and guided, it is true, to a greater or less extent, by foreign minds. Thus look­ ing at the past, while we are humbled in view of our own im­ perfections, and feel more deeply than ever before, our utter unworthiness, we would yet derive new strength and courage, in view of the marvelous grace of God which has crowned our very imperfect services. ‘ Not unto us, O Lord, not unto us, but unto thy name give glory.’ ”

SCHOOLS. “ Substantial progress in the work of education, during the past year,” is reported. The district schools have been regu­ larly sustained, school-houses have somewhat improved, and teachers have been, on the whole, better qualified for their work than heretofore. The statistics have not been received. Of higher schools, for the training of teachers and others, that at Waioli, under the care of Mr. Wilcox, is first mentioned as hav­ ing “ gone on with the usual success,” except that the thatched school-house* was destroyed by fire. A plain wooden building has been since erected, the materials for which were furnished by the Government. The Hilo boarding school continues to send out, from year to year, a number of competent teachers for the district schools, as well as candidates for the seminary at Lahainaluna. The small, select school maintained by Mr. Bond, at Kohala, is also said to be “ peculiarly successful in forwarding the training of suitable teachers.” Family schools for young female children have increased and prospered, and “ are doing a valuable work for the higher classes of native and half-white children.”

LAHAINALUNA SEMINARY FIRE REBUILDING. The Lahainaluna Seminary is the oldest of the training- schools, and the highest in rank,— the one to which the mis­ sionaries look for the best qualified native teachers, and for those who may become preachers and pastors. Hence it was with general pain that they heard, in July, 1862, of the total destruc­ tion of the principal seminary building, by fire. Mr. Pogue wrote : “ The building where we have so often met, to give and 12 134 SANDWICH ISLANDS. [Report,

get instruction, is in ruins. Our chapel, recitation and dining­ rooms, together with rooms for the accommodation of about fifty pupils, are in ashes. Most of our philosophical apparatus is also gone, with a collection of minerals. All the pupils escaped with their lives, but three or four were injured by jumping from windows. Some of the boys lost every thing, not having even a garment to put on in the morning. The hand of the Lord is heavy upon us.” But the brethren are now able to say, in their General Letter: “ The disaster only served to reveal the strong hold which this institution has upon the hearts of the people and the Govern­ ment. A liberal appropriation was at once made by the legisla­ ture, then in session, with the hearty approval of the King and his counselors. The school was directed to be continued, with such temporary arrangements as could be made; the materials were provided as quickly as possible ; within three months, re­ building was commenced, and soon completed ; and now the site of the former commodious but somewhat ungraceful struc­ ture is occupied by three elegant and convenient buildings, the form and position of which strongly remind us of some New England colleges. Liberal contributions have also flowed in from graduates of the school, and from the churches, which have aided to furnish the new buildings. In the fitness, the beauty, the comfort of the new, all regret for the destruction of the old is lost.”

OAHU COLLEGE ENGLISH SCHOOLS. The Oahu College, under the direction of its efficient Presi­ dent, continues to impart a thorough, Christian education, to the English-speaking youth of the Islands, of both sexes. The missionaries say : “ An education is here given as complete as any in our early college days, and its thoroughness is attested by the high rank taken by several of the pupils, who have subsequently graduated at the principal American colleges. The improvement in the female department of the institution is especially gratifying.” A number of select schools are maintained by the Govern­ ment, for the instruction of Hawaiians in the English language. These are generally under the care of competent and faithful teachers, and commendable progress is made in the acquisition of English. Yet it is stated : “ With all the time, and labor, and skill expended, there are exceedingly few who attain to such a knowledge of the foreign tongue as is of any practical benefit, either in business or in the pursuit of knowledge. Ex­ perience convinces us, that the useful acquisition of English is, with few exceptions, impracticable for this people; and that while a few choice minds, or those with unusual opportunities 1863.] SANDWICH ISLANDS. 135

in white families, may gain a profitable knowledge of it, the sole medium through which the masses are to be taught and addressed, is that language wherein they were born.” It is mentioned as a fact, that, contrary to the impressions of some, nearly every thing which has been accomplished for the elevation of the Hawaiians, has been through the medium of their own language ; and the urgent need of more Hawaiian literature is dwelt upon.

A NATIVE MINISTRY. The missionaries have felt that there were many and great obstacles in the way of raising up a competent native ministry for the Hawaiian churches; but the report of the Presbytery of Maui and Molokai, for the past year, presents some interesting, and, on the whole, promising facts upon this subject. Nine persons, it is said, have been under the care of that body, as licensed preachers, or preparing to be licensed. At the meetings of the Presbytery, these persons have read essays upon topics assigned, and have been examined, (two at each meeting,) in regard to their theological knowledge and religious experience. Many of the essays read are stated to have exhibited much mental ability, reflection, and spiritual knowledge, while “ others have been as seriously deficient.” In the “ vigorous criticisms” which have followed the readings, “ the elders joined in with zeal.” “ These have constituted the most interesting portion of the exercises, to those present at the meetings ; affording to their minds a healthful and powerful stimulus.” “ The quar­ terly reports of the preachers have given evidence of a good degree of activity and success in their work, and of progress, on the whole, in the churches where they labor.” One of the men who have been thus under the care of the Presbytery, has been dismissed, and another is about to be, as not of sufficient prom­ ise ; and one has been deprived of his license, for criminal con­ duct. Some of the brethren, in their station reports, speak well, not only of the character but of the labors of licensed preachers, and other helpers in their fields ; and some refer favorably to classes receiving from them theological instruction.

DECREASE OE POPULATION SCARCITY OF FOOD. The native population of the Islands is still rapidly dimin­ ishing. Many reports notice the fact that deaths are more nu­ merous than births ; and one states that, according to records kept at the office of public instruction, there were last year, throughout the Islands, “ about two deaths to one birth.” There has been of late such scarcity of food among the natives, that it is spoken of, in several cases, as a famine. This has 136 MICRONESIA. [Report, been occasioned partly by want of rain, but still more, perhaps, by neglect to cultivate the kalo,— much land on which this was formerly grown being now used for pasture,— while greatly increased attention has been given to the raising of rice and sugar-cane, especially by foreigners,.who employ the natives as laborers.

MICRONESIA MISSION.

R o n k i t i , (Ponape.)—Albert A. Sturges, Missionary; Mrs. Susan M. Sturges.

E b o n , (one of the Ralik Islands.)—Benjamin G. Snow, Missionary; Mrs. Lydia V. Snow.— One Hawaiian preacher, and one helper.

A p a i a n g , (one of the Kingsmill Islands.)—Hiram Bingham, Jr., Missionary ; Mrs. Minerva C. Bingham.— One Hawaiian helper.

O ut-stations. — Kusaie, (Strong’s Island.) Tarawa.—One ordained Hawaiian preacher, and one helper. Absent.—Luther H. Gulick, M. D., Edward T. Doane, Missionaries; Mrs. Louisa G. Gulick.—One Hawaiian helper. 3 stations. 2 out-stations. 5 missionaries, one a physician. 4 female assistant missionaries. 2 ordained Hawaiian preachers. 4 Hawaiian helpers.

On account of feeble health, Kanoa, who had been a faithful helper of Mr. Bingham, at Apaiang, has returned to the Sand­ wich Islands for a time. Tw o new Hawaiian missionaries, Kapali and Aumai, one of them ordained, with their wives, went to Micronesia in the summer of 1862. Mr. Snow has gone from Kusaie to Ebon* and Mr. Doane has left, for a tem­ porary absence from the field.

GENERAL PROGRESS. Aided by the ‘ Morning Star,’ the brethren of this mission gathered for a general meeting at Mr. Sturges’s station, on Ponape, in July, 1862, and in a report prepared at that time, covering a period of two years, they speak of finding reason for encouragement at all the stations. “ The past two years,” they say, “ have been more productive of the fruits of the Spirit, perhaps, than all that have preceded them. * * At all the stations, preaching has been regularly maintained, and with the exception of the Gilbert Islands station and out-stations, with increased attention to the truth. The average attendance on worship has been about as follows : At the Ronkiti station, for 54 Sabbaths, 47 ; at the Kusaie station, for the same number of Sabbaths, 63 ; at Ebon, for the year past, 75 ; at Apaiang, 1863.] MICRONESIA. 137

for 80 Sabbaths, 39; and at two out-stations— Anobuaka, 42 Sabbaths, 34; Ewena, 37 Sabbaths, 36. i£ Sabbath schools have been sustained at all the stations, with more or less encouragement. We are rejoicing to see our native Christians, in some instances, engaging as teachers in these schools. Some of them also go out upon the Sabbath, gather little congregations at different outposts, and try to instruct the people in the things of the kingdom of God. At the two older stations, (on Ponape and Kusaie,) we are rejoicing in the evidences of a decided religious community. This is seen most clearly, perhaps, in the Sabbath afternoon services, and in the prayer-meetings. Formerly, the attendance upon these was very small, but now they embrace the larger part of the average attendance at the Sabbath morning services. The churches also, at these two stations, sustain weekly prayer-meet­ ings among themselves. Our monthly concerts have been meetings of much interest.” At these concerts, contributions have been taken, not large of course, but amounting, at Ronkiti, to $21.00 and three gallons of cocoa-nut o il; and at Apaiang, to $21.26,— from various classes of contributors. Something has been done at all the stations in the work of translation. During the past two years, about 17,800 pages have been printed in the Ponape dialect, including the Gospel of John, nearly 10,000 in that of Kusaie, and about 10,000 in that of the Marshall Islands. “ Much more would have been accomplished,” the brethren say, “ had the means been within our reach. Some of the printing in the Ponape, and all in the Ebon dialect, has been done at those stations, on a most misera­ ble apology for a hand-press.” A native house of worship, twenty-eight by forty feet, has been erected on Tarawa, and one is iu process of erection on Ponape, “ sixty feet long, forty feet wide, with walls sixteen feet high, supported and braced by large Gothic arches.” Little progress is reported in schools, or in the number of readers, except upon Ebon. “ Aea, the Hawaiian brother there, proves himself a very successful helper in this department of missionary service. He reports eighty-five fluent readers, and some forty-five more who are making commendable progress. Three school-houses have been erected on Apaiang, but neither children nor adults seem at all inclined to frequent these places of learning. The number of readers at the other two stations, is gradually increasing.”

DIFFERENT STATIONS PONAPE. Letters from the missionaries are not of recent date. Three persons are mentioned as added to the church at Ronkiti, 138 MICRONESIA. [Report,

(Ponape,)in November, 1861, making the whole number received there fifteen. One had died, leaving bright evidence that she was prepared for a heavenly inheritance. The church at Shalong Point,— the station on Ponape formerly occupied by Dr. Gulick,— had continued to gather every Sabbath for religious worship, but met with serious persecution in the spring of 1862. Families were driven from their houses and their property destroyed, the head chiefs there manifesting a determi­ nation to exterminate the new religion. Contributions were made for their relief, by members of the church and others at Ronkiti. Mr. Sturges wrote, May 29 : !< Our little church [at Ronkiti] is now free from the petty annoyances and thefts, to which they were subject last year. All seem to be as much respected, and more, than when in their heathenism. The Lord is greatly blessing us, but there is a sad state of things at Shalong. What can be done for the believers there ? How I long to be with them, and in some measure lighten their trials, but, alas! I can only see them occasionally and encourage them to bear their sufferings.” There were six members in this Shalong church.

KUSAIE. The small population at Kusaie, (supposed to be now not much over six hundred, and still wasting away,) the many trials and perhaps dangers of a single American family in a position so isolated, the apparently unpromising aspect of the work there, and the need of another missionary at Ebon, led, sometime since, to the conclusion that it would be expedient for Mr. Snow to retire from that Island. He expected to remove at an earlier period, but had no opportunity to do so until August of last year, when he was taken to Ebon by the Morning Star. Meantime his labors on Kusaie were not in vain. Writing in July, 1862, he speaks of the previous year as having been one of richer spiritual blessings to the people than all that had preceded it. He had received to the church, two in July, and fifteen in October, 1861 ; and three in January, two in April, and two in July, 1862 ; in all, twenty-four at the five communion seasons. Tw o of the best young men, received in October, had died. The account which he gives of the religious awakening,* is of much interest. “ But the King and higher chiefs,” he writes, “ were not slow to see that their craft was in danger, and they resorted to various low expedients to hinder the work. In this, in September, they had the efficient co-operation of one of our floating scourges, a whaleship.” Of one vessel, however, he is permitted to speak, whose captain was “ trying to lead a religious life,” had spoken to the people

* See Missionary Herald, Aprilj 1863, page 106 and onward. 1863.] MICRONESIA. 139 at the prayer-meetings and on the Sabbath, and had assisted them in procuring clothing. “ O, what a contrast,” he remarks, “ between such a man, in his influence upon these poor natives, and the large majority of those who visit us ! ” In January, the “ bright prospects were brought again into deep darkness.” Several members of the church had fallen into the great sin of the Pacific, discipline became necessary, and for a time Mr. Snow feared that he might be obliged even to disband the whole church ; but “ all found great occasion for thankful­ ness in the fact, that the signs of repentance were such as to make it seem justifiable, indeed duty, to restore the offenders to their former church standing. It greatly humbled them to find that they were so weak ; and led to circumspection and watch­ fulness, and to far less self-confidence than formerly.” None of the guilty abandoned the Sabbath services or the meetings for prayer, and Mr. Snow wrote: “ Our prayer-meetings have been well sustained; and attended, through fair and foul weather, as I have never known to be the case in a church in Christian lands. * * * Many of the converts have been out on the Sabbath to hold meetings upon the large Island, and some­ times have had a larger number of hearers than I had at the station. * * * A Saturday evening prayer-meeting has been sustained among themselves, by the church members, thus pre­ paring them the better to carry on their usual routine of religious meetings. In short, we have tried to do the best we could to prepare them to be left alone, in case no one comes to supply our places.” Three more members were received to this church in August, on the return of Mr. Snow from the mission meeting at Ponape, just before he left for Ebon. A helper from the Sandwich Islands, who was appointed to take his place at Kusaie, was prevented from going by sickness, but some one will doubtless be sent soon.

EBON. Mr. Doane has met with much to encourage him in his work at Ebon. In November, 1861, he wrote of two services on the Sabbath, at different places, besides a Sabbath school at noon, with about sixty pupils, and a prayer-meeting in the evening, at his own house, with the room often crowded. “ This evening meeting,” he says, “ has often been one of deep interest. Prayers have been offered here, from native hearts, which I am sure no human mind could have dictated. There were elements of fervency, a contrition for sin and love for Christ, and a praying for the lost, which plainly indicated that those hearts were being guided into all truth by the blessed Spirit.” 140 MICRONESIA. [Report,

After a day of fasting and prayer he wrote : “ T o myself, that was a high day. How great the change within less than four years! The Lord has enabled us to enroll the names of thirty-one individuals, who profess to love Jesus. One of these we have admitted to the communion, at our Lord’s table, and there are quite a number who are giving us, perhaps, all the evidence we could expect of a change of heart.” On returning from the last meeting of the mission, he found that during his absence Aea had continued his teaching quite successfully, and nearly all the youth— at least one hundred and fifty— were in the schools. There were then, (September, 1862,) eight or ten persons at Ebon who would probably be soon received to church fellowship. Some adults, and among them two of the highest chiefs, were becoming quite good readers; and the missionary could see that “ a very decidedly mellowing influence was being felt by that once cruel, savage people.”

APAIANG. Mr. Bingham wrote, in March, 1862 : “ The bright sky under which we were rejoicing in the spring of 1861, has been over­ cast. Dark clouds have rolled up, and we strive almost in vain to catch some faint glimpse of the obscured orb. Our two con­ verts have gone back to heathenism, others for whom we entertained great hope have grown cold, and there is not a native of Apaiang, or Tarawa, upon whom we may look as a friend of Jesus. The king, however, has been quite regular, although his progress has been steadily backward.” Three school-houses were erected early in the year, in which the Hawaiian helpers attempted to teach, but met with little encouragement. At the out-station on Tarawa, not an indi­ vidual had been induced to acquire the art of reading. Diffi­ culties between the king of Apaiang and the Tarawans had been unfavorable to the missionary work on both Islands. Mr. Bingham had completed the translation of the four Gospels and the Acts, which “ await the printer,” and Mrs. Bingham had been giving some time to preparing Old Testament narratives. In September, one of the two baptized persons at Apaiang, who had fallen away, exhibited signs of penitence. The king con­ tinued to be friendly, and rarely failed to be present at public worship and the Sabbath school; of which, however, he and his wife were sometimes the only members. 1863.] DAKOTAS. 141

NORTH AMERICAN INDIANS.

DAKOTA S.

Sioux A g e n c y , (on the Missouri.)—John P. Williamson, Missionary; Hugh D. Cunningham, and Edward R. Pond, Assistant Missionaries; Mrs. Mary B. Cunningham. Without a station.—Thomas S. Williamson, M. D., Stephen R. Riggs, Mis­ sionaries ; Mrs. Margaret P. Williamson, Mrs. Mary Ann C. Riggs, Miss Jane S. Williamson. 1 station. 3 missionaries. 2 male assistant missionaries. 4 female assistant missionaries.

The last Report contained a brief account of the terrible out­ break* which had occasioned the suspension of all evangelical efforts among the Dakotas, and made it uncertain whether such efforts could ever be renewed. The Committee said, it will be remembered, “ The future of the mission is concealed from mortal vision.” This remark may be repeated, with entire truthfulness, at the present time. Still the past twelve-month has proved most unexpectedly and surprisingly fruitful of spiritual good for these Indians. It would seem, indeed, that

* It is somewhat difficult, even at the end of another year, to present a satis­ factory resumé of the causes of this uprising. Most of them, perhaps, are embraced in the following statement. There were (1) complaints against the United States Government and its representatives, running back through many years, for which there was too much reason. The annuities which are usually paid to the Dakotas in June, remained unpaid (for 1862) at the time of the attack on the Sioux Agency, August 18. There was (2) a long list of grievances, suffered from individuals, traders and others. Some were imaginary, doubtless ; many were real ; not a few were atrocious. There was (3) no proper and effective police, to protect the innocent and punish the guilty. The handling of the Spirit Lake massacre was weak and hurtful. The civil war (4) in which our Government is involved, led the Indians to suppose that the day of its calamity had come, and, especially, that our frontier was unprotected. A bigoted and persistent attachment to paganism, (5), with a corresponding Hatred of Chris­ tianity and the civilization which it develops, should also be mentioned. A strong desire to restore the “ old customs” seems to have been an important element in the question. There is no proof that emissaries from the Confederate States instigated this war. On the contrary, there is no difficulty in accounting for all that occurred in other ways. Bishop Whipple, of Minnesota, is reported to have spoken in New York, one year ago, to this effect: “ He believed it was seldom that a heathen race had suffered greater wrongs at a Christian nation’s hands, than had the Indians.” 142 DAKOTAS. [Report, the results of almost thirty years of previous toil have been eclipsed by the success of a single year.

CLOSE OF THE WAK. The battle of Wood Lake resulted in the complete demorali­ zation of the hostile Dakotas. Little Crow, with a part of his followers, fled towards the Missouri River; and the conflict ended for 1862. A large number of Indians surrendered to General Sibley; and most of the whites, who had been made captives, were recovered. A military commission proceeded at once to try those who were charged with participating in the grievous wrong-doings of the insurgents. “ It almost made me sick,” said Mr. Riggs, November 24, “ to write off two rolls of three hundred and ninety-three men and one woman, there being attached to the names of three hundred and three the sentence, ‘ To be hung.’ What a relief it was to come occasionally to one who had been acquitted ! ” It is due to this missionary to say, that the Com­ mittee have regarded his connection with the expedition, under General Sibley, as eminently fortunate and useful. One of his associates represents his services as having been “ invaluable to the cause of justice and mercy.” It will be asked, perhaps, “ Were any Christian Dakotas sentenced to death ? ” The answer must be in the affirmative. Three of Dr. Williamson’s church members (one an elder— Robert Hopkins— who had saved the life of his spiritual guide) were among the condemned. The Committee are not fully apprised of the evidence which secured this result. They believe the proceedings of the military commission to have been, in general, very summary; and they can easily suppose that, in the midst of a high-wrought, all-pervading excitement, justice may not have been meted out, in all cases, with proper discrimination. Dr. Williamson and Mr. J. P. Williamson have expressed their decided disapproval of the course pursued ; and Mr. Riggs endeavored, though in vain, to obtain a re-hearing in the case of the three men just referred to. It has been asserted that the civilized Indians, (and some have included the Christians,) were leaders in this work of violence and death. “ This,” Dr. Williamson says, “ is positively false, and the only foundation for it is the fact, that the murderers put on the clothes of some of their first victims, so that, appearing like white men, they might approach others unsuspected. Even the heathen Sioux, who had adopted the dress of civilized men before the outbreak, generally, if not universally, abstained from taking part in the massacre ; and the Christian Sioux did what they could to save the lives, not only of those connected 1863.] DAKOTAS. 143 with the mission, but of other whites residing among them. Through their aid more than one hundred escaped, during the first week of the outbreak ; and, mainly owing to their influence and exertions, the captives were subsequently rescued and delivered to General Sibley.*

REVIVAL AT MANKATO. Early in November, the persons who had been condemned, with some others, were removed to Mankato. Dr. Williamson immediately went to see them; and through the kindness of General Sibley he was allowed free access to the prison. From that time to the present, he has seemed to labor, to the extent of his ability, for their spiritual good. As Mr. Riggs lived at St. Anthony, he spent less time with them. Mr. G. H. Pond, as will appear hereafter, made them one memorable visit.

* Rev. Gr. H. Pond, formerly a valuable member of the Dakota mission, has published a statement (dated February 16) in the New York Evangelist, which should be read in this connection. “ It appears to me,” he says, “ that the following points” “ are incontestably clear. 1. At the time of the Indian out­ break in Minnesota, last August, there was a number of Dakota men living on the Reservation, at Lower Agency, Yellow Medicine, and other points, with their families, which exceeded the whole number of those who finally fell into the hands of the Colonel in command of the expedition against hostile Indians, and who knew nothing of the matter, or had any suspicions that such an event was about to transpire. They did not know of it, until considerable advance had been made in the work of destruction, but were, at the time, about their ordinary affairs, and as much surprised to find what was transpiring, as were their white neighbors. 2. These families were seized with a panic, much like that which was experienced by our fellow citizens near the Reserve, only that in their case there was no place to which they could 1 flee and be safe.' 3. When it was made known to these families that the whites of the Lower Agency had either been butchered, taken captive, or had fled, and that the warehouses were being plundered, they also took as much of the goods as they could get hold of. Part of them did this because their own undivided, undelivered goods wTere being taken, which belonged to them as much as to those who had committed the murders, and they must take them then or never; and a part went into the work of plunder because the others did. 4. Little Crow, who was at the head of the rebel party, used his best endeavors to compel the men of all the bands to join him in his work of destruction. Little Crow is a reck­ less, cunning, and energetic man, and years ago waded through the blood of his brother to the headship of the Kaposia band, and has sustained himself hitherto in that ofiice. 5. As Little Crow with his forces left the Lower Agency to ascend the river to Yellow Medicine, all the unhostile Indians of the Lower Agency, with their relatives of mixed blood, and such white persons as had sought shelter with them, moved along with him. They believed that the lives of their friends and their own lives depended on this movement. If they remained behind, the leader of the hostile party had declared that he would take vengeance on such evidence of alienation from him; and, on the other side, the exasperated whites, whose friends had already been butchered by the hundred, would avenge their wrongs on the first Indians they should overtake, which, in case they remained, would be themselves. 6. Until his final repulse at Wood Lake, this party, with individual exceptions, endeavored to pursue such a course as to avoid provoking the wrath of Little Crow against themselves, on the one hand, and not embarrass their separation and escape from him, on the other, in case an opportunity should present itself. 7. There was such a state of feverish excitement from the first, which was increased by succeeding events, that deliberation and free speaking on the part of any one friendly to the 144 DAKOTAS. [Report,

It was not till Dr. Williamson’s third Sabbath (November £3) at Mankato, that the truth appeared to gain the special attention of these Indians. From that day forward, there was an obvious change. Soon the cards with which many had been trying to amuse themselves, disappeared, as also the paint from their faces. The few who had retained a hymn book, a portion of the Bible, or Bunyan’s Pilgrim’s Progress, were diligent in the perusal thereof. “ The church members,” says Dr. Williamson, “ got together for social, worship, at first each evening, and then both evening and morning. Others crowded around them, as close as they could, to hear and, as far as practicable, join in the worship. Seeing this, the Christians became more bold, and added exhortations to singing, prayer and reading of the Scriptures; and the Holy Spirit enabled Robert Hopkins, the ruling elder, to speak in a manner highly appropriate and edifying, far beyond what could have been whites, was out of the question. No one could safely take any measures openly to effect his escape; and it was dangerous to make the attempt secretly. The expression of such a desire could hardly escape detection by Little Crow and his hundred and fifty sentinels. None but Indians know how effectually Indians can watch one another. 8. At no place, Fort Ridgeley, New Ulin, Birch Cooley, or Wood Lake, is there convincing proof that the number of Dakota men, actually engaged in hostilities, much exceeded the number of those who finally retreated with their leader to the plains, notwithstanding the persevering and desperate efforts of the hostile party to involve all in the same guilt and crime ; so that if they must perish, all should perish together. Especially did they press every man to leave the camp, and advance with them towards Wood Lake, to assist in the contemplated attack on the camp of Colonel Sibley at that place. 9. The result of the battle at Wood Lake was such, that, in connection with previous assurances of protection from Colonel Sibley, the unhostile party was emboldened to make an attempt to separate themselves and escape from the others. In this they were successful. They brought with them not only their half-blood relatives and white friends, but also some of those who were captives in the hands of the hostile party. 10. A very large majority of those who were subsequently tried and condemned to be hung by the Military Commission, were of this unhostile party. 11. There is no proof that more than a very few individuals of this party were off their Reserve, from the time that the murders commenced until they were moved off from it by our forces to the places where they now are, and consequently they are not responsible for the massacres com­ mitted outside of the Reserve. 12. Comparatively a small number, in little companies of from five to twenty or thirty, made it their business to butcher and plunder, in the white settlements from house to house, until they were wearied, and their thirst for blood and robbery, for the time, was slaked, murdering from four or five to ten, twenty, and even thirty each. Some of this character came into the camp of Colonel Sibley, with the friendly Indians, and have been hung at Mankato; but most of them are known to have gone with Little Crow. 13. It was a difficult thing that those whom I have termed unhostile, for the sake of distinction, undertook; when they resolved to adjust themselves on the line of neutrality, and at the same time move along with the other party, composed of those who had determined to do as much to extermi­ nate the whites as they possibly could. It is probable that they have all done wrong; but that they are all guilty of the crime of murder committed or intended against the whites, is not probable.” The Committee feel bound to say, that Mr. Riggs does not altogether agree with Mr. Pond, in respect to the guilt of the Indians who were not executed in December. After visiting the prison in March, he wrote: “ I could not but feel that there were many bloody hands there.” 1863.] DAKOTAS. 145 expected of one with no more education and. experience in public speaking. Though some of us have preached to them every Sabbath, the work has »seemed to be carried forward chiefly through his instrumentality and that of his Christian fellow-prisoners. ” The President of the United States having directed that only those who had participated in the massacres should be executed, thirty-eight suffered the extreme penalty of the law, (December 26,) most of them, it is said, giving such evidence of preparation for death as was to be expected, in the circum­ stances. It is a significant fact that not one of them had learned to read, except three half-breeds, who had never attended our mission schools. Not only had they been neglecters of Christianity ; many of them had been haters and persecutors of all who had shown any disposition to embrace it.

EXTRAORDINARY BAPTISM. It was soon found that a number of the prisoners were anxious to receive baptism. The question which came before Dr. William­ son, in consequence of this desire, was grave and perplexing ; and he asked Rev. G. H. Pond to assist in its solution. Both spent the first Sabbath in February at Mankato; and after they had carefully ascertained the facts, they stated the case to the Presbyterian minister in that place. “ We were all of the opinion/’ says Dr. Williamson, “ that in a like case the Apostles would have baptized them generally, and that we could not properly refuse to baptize those who made a credible profession of faith in Christ and obedience to him. Knowing that many of them were prepared to make such a profession, and that it was not possible for us to determine who were born of God’s Spirit, and who were not, we did not attempt it. I wrote, in their own language, a confession of faith and a covenant, such as I thought it proper for us to require of men in their circum­ stances ; and having prayed for divine direction and assistancer on the morning of February 3, Mr. Pond and myself entered the prison. After appropriate religious exercises, we read and explained the confession, which had been prepared the evening before, told them that we were ready to baptize such as heartily adopted it, and invited such to come forward for that purpose. We baptized on that day two hundred and seventy-four.” In a letter addressed to the New York Evangelist, (dated February 9, 1863,) Mr. Pond has given the following description of this remarkable scene : “ Having provided ourselves with a basin of water, after a few words of explanation and exhortation suggested by the occasion, singing, and prayer for the blessing of God on them, they came one by one, most of whom wore 13 146 DAKOTAS. [Report, chains on their ankles, and were baptized with water applied to their heads in the name of the Father, the Son, and the Holy Ghost, while the subject stood generally with the right hand raised and eyes closed, with an appearance of intense interest and profound reverence. As they passed along from the place of baptism, one or the other of us stopped each, and in a low voice addressed to him a few words, such as the solemnities of the occasion, or our knowledge of his previous character, indi­ cated. The effect of this, in most cases, seemed much to deepen a sense of responsibility. When a grey-haired medicine man stood literally trembling before me, as some of them did, while I laid one hand on his head and the other on his bosom, the effect on my own mind was such, at times, as to make my tongue falter; and when he replied, ‘ Yes, I will,’ it thrilled me. The time occupied in administering the ordinance was about three hours.” Others were admitted to the same privilege, subsequently : and Dr. Williamson stated the result, April 10, as follows: “ The number baptized by Messrs. Riggs, Pond and myself, in Mankato, is 805 or 306 ; to whom we may add eight bap­ tized in infancy, and three received to the communion of the church on profession of their faith.” Under the same date, moreover, he said that they appeared “ well.” “ They have, each day,” he added, “ three seasons for social prayer in the prison, and, when the weather and circumstances permit, in the prison yard. They apply themselves with great diligence to learning, and. considering their circumstances, make rapid advances in knowledge.” “ Their prayers are copious, fervent and appropriate ; and many of them are answered. They pray daily for the officers who guard them.” It may be asked, “ Are all these Indians to be regarded as genuine converts ? ” Probably not. In answer to a similar question, Mr. Riggs replied, March 26, “ I have no doubt that this is a mixed multitude.” He supposes that a desire to escape from captivity may have had its influence. The power of sympathy is also to be taken into the account. Still he finds unquestionable evidence of “ a most amazing work of God’s Spirit.” :i Doubtless there is much that is spurious. It would be strange if all were genuine. If these men were to get out, and live again with their friends, some of them will not be true to their profession. But they will never go back to where they were before. Their old superstition is dashed to pieces, like a potter’s vessel.”

REMOVAL OF THE PRISONERS. In April last, the prisoners at Mankato were removed to Davenport, Iowa. The order, as originally issued, embraced 1863.] DAKOTAS. 147 forty-eight persons, who had been formally acquitted by the military commission. Against this direction, Mr. Riggs entered his earnest and immediate protest. “ That night,” he says, “ I could not sleep, thinking of the injustice; and the next morn­ ing I addressed a letter to the General. I am happy to say that I was successful. Those who have been acquitted, are to be left at Port Snelling.” Dr. Williamson followed the prisoners to Davenport, and continued his labors in their behalf. Under date of June 19,* he wrote : “ The interest in religion and education is not as great and general as it was the latter part of the winter.” Still he was hopeful and happy in his work, anxious, especially, to obtain a larger supply of books in the Dakota language, in order that the improvement of the Indians might be more rapid and permanent. But on the 24th of July, he was excluded from the prison by the order of General Roberts, on the ground that there was no authority for his intercourse with the prisoners. Of course it would have been easy for him to give a permit, as General Sibley had done, if one had been necessary; but his real objection to Dr. Williamson’s labors may be inferred from the fact that thrice, on the 23d of July, he told our mis­ sionary brother that, if it was in his power, he would have every prisoner hung before sunset ! An application has been sent to Washington for a reversal of this order; but the result is not known. The officer who had charge of the Indians, from the date of their arrival at Davenport to the issuing of the order of exclu­ sion, made the following statement, July 25 : “ I take pleasure in bearing testimony to the unexceptionable good conduct of the Indian prisoners confined at this place, and under my imme­ diate supervision, for some months past. They have been sub­ missive to their fate, obedient to every order, and indefatigable in the labors imposed.” ££ The earnest Christian devotion of a large number of them evinces much of the indwelling Spirit of God, and, in many cases, a high standard of Christian character.”

THE CAMP AT FORT SNELLING. After the military commission closed its labors, the Indians who had not been tried were removed to a camp near Fort Snelling. “ It is a sad sight,” wrote Mr. J. P. Williamson, “ to see so many women and children marching off, not knowing whether they shall ever see their husbands and fathers again.” This young brother did not hesitate for a moment, however, as

* At this time there were two hundred and sixty-seven convicts. There were also sixteen women, to cook and wash, and four children. 148 DAKOTAS. [Report, to what might be his own duty. He resolved to accompany them, and become their spiritual guide. “ I shall be glad to continue with them,” he said, “ if my dwelling is only a tent for the winter.” It would not cost the Board much, he added. Food and clothing, with half a dozen books, would suffice. The Committee must be allowed to express their high appreciation of the spirit which this excellent missionary has exhibited. He has never referred to his trials. But Mr. Riggs has thrown some light upon them. Under date of November 24, he wrote as follows : “ Last week I visited the Indians at Fort Snelling. There are many things very pitiable in their present condition. They will be subjected to insults and wrongs all winter. Mr. J. P. Williamson is making his arrangements to remain with them. I am glad of it. He is a moral hero, such as one does not often meet with. For Dr. Williamson and myself to stand by the Indians, in such à time as this, is not much ; but for a young man like him to take the obloquy and scorn which must fall upon such a position, is something to be admired.” The strain upon the sympathies of this servant of Christ was greater, perhaps, than he anticipated. In speaking of the camp, January 21, Mr. Riggs used the following language : “ It is a very sad place now. The wailing hardly ever ceases. From five to ten die daily. There are (or were) about 1,600, mostly women and children. About three acres of ground are inclosed with a board fence, twelve or fourteen feet high, having one gate where a guard is kept. It is a low, flat place, in parts of which water stands. The winter, moreover, has been very unfavorable ; and the measles have swept over Minnesota. The great number of deaths among the Indians is accounted for by thé foregoing statement.” But this brother (and Mr. Riggs also) received a speedy and abundant reward. On the 10th of March, the latter said : “ For some time past there has been a growing religious interest in the camp at Fort Snelling. Our congregations have been large, measured only by the capacity of the place. Some meetings we have held in a large tent, which has been always packed. But for four Sabbaths past we have met in the gan-et of a large warehouse, which has been prepared for a hospital. There, seated on the floor, and packed away under the sides of of the roof, we have had from three to five hundred. The religious feeling in the prison at Mankato has had much influ­ ence upon the camp at Fort Snelling. Letters have been passing constantly. At one time there came down a package with three hundred letters in it.” Subsequently, May 7, Mr. J. P. Williamson wrote from the Steamer Northerner as follows : “ Since the weather has been warm enough, we have 1863.] DAKOTAS. 149 had our Sabbath services out of doors, besides frequent services during the week, when it was pleasant. For the last three months, I have had meetings, almost every Evening, for the instruction of inquirers, or those who were desirous of uniting with the church. These have been very interesting and profit­ able to me. All who have been received from this camp have been examined personally, as to their piety and knowledge, by the session, myself and Mr. Riggs, when present, as thoroughly as I have been accustomed to see in any of our churches. The first accessions were on the 8th of March, when we re­ ceived thirty-four, including two suspended members of long standing. Again, on the 12th of April, we received seventy, including one suspended member; and on the 26th of April, we received thirty-six members, making in all one hundred and forty. That there are no tares among this wheat, it is not reasonable to expect. But as it has only just sprung up, we do not see the tares as yet, only the wheat : and we rejoice in that. As we move down the Mississippi river, gliding swiftly away from the long-cherished homes of the Dakotas, I see enough to convince any one, who has been acquainted with them in their wild haunts, that God has wrought a mighty work in their savage hearts. Last Monday an order came to Fort Snelling, for seven hundred and seventy to embark on the steamer Davenport for Fort Randall. On Tuesday evening, five hundred and thirty, with whom I remained, were ordered on board this steamer. The last person was counted on just at dusk; after which, we shoved off. As darkness shut in the skies, these Indians looked out upon their native hills, as they say, for the last time ! We are, however, hardly under way, when, from all the different parts of the boat where they are collected, we hear hymns of praise ascending to Jehovah ; not loud, but soft and sweet, like the murmur of many waters. Then one of them leads in prayer ; after which, another hymn is sung. So they continue, till all are composed, and, drawing their blankets over them, each falls asleep. The next morning, before ‘ sun-up,’ they are again paying their devotions to God. So they have continued, every evening and morning since ; and these services were commenced by themselves, without any suggestion from any one else. The people along the route wonder to see them so peaceable and quiet.”

CAMP ON THE MISSOURI.

The removal, alluded to in the preceding extract, was effected in May. Thirteen hundred Dakotas and eighteen hundred Winnebagoes were taken up the Missouri River, one hundred miles beyond Fort Randall. The place has very few attrac 150 DAKOTAS. [Report,

tions for white men, and hence it may be left in the undisturbed possession of the Indians. But how the latter are to obtain a proper supply df food, remains an unsolved problem. “ Hardly yet the middle of summer,” Mr. J. P. Williamson wrote, July 8, “ and all these great plains without a speck of green! Only in the lowest valleys, by the side of the river, is there any living grass ; and that is fast being dried up by the burning rays of the sun, which, in this climate, know not a drop of cooling rain for weeks ! It is even too dry to allow the dew to wet the face of the ground. The little corn that we planted in the lowest spots, after we arrived, if it sprouted at all, only came up to wither and die. Sore as this prospect is, the In­ dians had better bear it now, as the feeling against them is such that, if one dares to protest in the humblest manner, he is regarded as insolent, hostile and dangerous.” But how do these Dakotas appear in their new home ? They show that they have given up heathenism for Christianity. “ Take an evening walk,” says our young missionary, “ through the two camps. Before you are in sight of the Winnebago camp, you will hear the noise of revelry. First, you will see a very large group, engaged in a war-dance, the men stripped and painted to the waist, and with frantic motions recounting their daring exploits, the women joining in at intervals with their wild shriek. You need not look far to see several groups (men and women) engaged in card-playing, and other games, the drum and the song being heard at the same time. Look into their huts, and you will find, wherever any one is sick, some old conjuror, with his gourd or rattle, drum and medicine sack, driving out the evil spirits. Let us now turn to the Sioux camp. As we draw near, we hear no drums, rattles, or Indian whoops; but we see a man walking around among the tents, and an­ nouncing that the time has come for evening worship. Imme­ diately the women and children, with a few men, are seen assembling under a large shade, which they have erected near the centre of the camp. All being seated quietly on the grass, a hymn is sung to a plaintive air, which swells as it proceeds, till the notes- are carried far beyond the bounds of the camp. Then, while some old man prays, they all devoutly kneel. Some young man rises and reads a portion of God’s word ; after which the meeting is carried on by different persons rising to speak or pray voluntarily, singing being interspersed. When it is ended, all quietly disperse; and through the night we have none of those wild orgies, which characterize an Indian camp.” On the 5th of July, the Lord’s supper was administered to the church members. Many communed for the first time; and among these, especially, there appeared to be an earnest desire 1863.] DAKOTAS. 151

that they might not partake unworthily. One man arose, “ after he had seated himself at the communion board,” and confessed that he was a great sinner, utterly undeserving of so great a privilege. “ Others silently trembled, as they took the elements in their hands.” The Committee are unable to speak with any confidence in regard to the prospects of these Dakotas. It is presumed that the Board will not think it right to abandon them, merely be­ cause their outward circumstances are dark and unpromising. Mr. and Mrs. Cunningham, with a clear apprehension of what is before them, have gone to the assistance of Mr. J. P. William­ son ; and Mr. Edward R. Pond, a son of Mr. Gideon H. Pond, has accompanied them. As long as these “ fellow-workers unto the kingdom of God” are willing to endure the privations of such a life, it cannot be supposed, for a moment, that the churches will refuse to sustain them.

TH E W A R . As another expedition was to be sent after the hostile Indians, the past season, under the command of General Sibley, Mr. Riggs consented, with the approval of the Committee, to accept the place of chief interpreter. In explaining the ground of his acceptance, he said : “ Some twenty-five or thirty of our best men, like Paul, Simon and Otherday, are to act as scouts and guides. Their families are to be left at Camp Pope, near the Red Wood. On this account, it seemed important that I should accompany the expedition. Besides, I shall not be surprised if there is more negotiating, this summer, than fighting. The position is responsible and important, as affecting the future of the Dakotas.” On the 226. of August, Mr. Riggs announced the return of the expedition to Fort Abercrombie. 11 In several respects, the campaign has been a hard one. We were sixty-seven days from Camp Pope to the Missouri, and back to this point. We have marched forty-seven, getting up at half-past three in the morning, as the rule, and eating breakfast by four, (some­ times at two.) A part of the time, we had miserable water, either saline or alkaline; and there were some excessively hot days. In certain other respects, it has been a very favor­ able season.” “ The results are to me not quite satisfactory. It has been all war and no peace. The Indians so willed it. And I try to look at this as providential, although not in accordance with my expectations.” “ On the part of General Sibley, and some of the officers and men of the expedition, there was a desire for peace, and an expectation of it, before our first battle took place. To secure this end, all the means OJIBWAS. [Report,

within our power were used. They did not succeed. The peace party among the Indians was too small. We must ac­ cept the result as among the ‘ all things working together for good.’ Still the question seems to me to be very compli­ cated ; the end may be nearer than I suppose, but I do not see it. Our Dakota men, who were on the list of scouts, have in general done well, during the campaign. I have held one or more services with them on the Sabbath.”

OJIBWAS.

O d a n a h .— Leonard H. Wheeler, Missionary; Edwin Ellis, M. D., Superin­ tendent of the Boarding School; Mrs. Harriet W . Wheeler, Mrs. E. Ellis; Miss Rhoda W. Spicer, Teacher; Miss Segur, Matron; Henry Blatchford, Native Preacher.

1 station. 1 missionary. 1 male assistant missionary. 4 female assistant missionaries. 1 native preacher.

Mr. and Mrs. Spencer have retired from the boarding school at Odanah, and Dr. Ellis has assumed the supervision of its secular interests. He will teach during the winter, as he has done heretofore ; but he will devote himself, for the rest of the year, to other forms of labor.

THE CHURCH. The spiritual results of the past year are not particularly cheering. Most of the communicants have continued steadfast in their obedience to the truth ; one, however, rendered the exercise of discipline necessary. Another, a chief of consider­ able influence, has died, declaring his confidence in the Saviour to the end. As none have made a profession of their faith in the gospel, the present number of church members is twenty. In accounting for this want of growth and enlargement, Mr. Wheeler speaks of a diminished interest in the services of the sanctuary. “ Many,” he says, “ who listened quite attentively to the preaching of the word, a few years ago, very rarely visit the house of God at the present time.” Some, it is true, are kept at home because they have no clothing that is suitable for a place of worship. Their poverty, by reason of the high price of goods, and the lack of employment, has become exceedingly severe and trying. But Romanism, it must be confessed, is making its conquests. With its beads and pictures, its imposing ceremonies, and its easy conditions of pardon and peace, it has allured a few to its communion. And the love of a worldly 1863.] OJIBWAS. 153 life, with the pleasures of sin, has exerted a still stronger influ­ ence. In the absence of any special manifestation of the Spirit’s power, it is not strange, perhaps, that the labors of the year have yielded so little fruit. Were the set time to favor Zion fully come, the minister of Christ would not have occasion to say, “ I have stretched out my hand, and no man regarded.”

REVIVAL OF PAGANISM. But if there is no quickening of the church to be chronicled, it is quite palpable that a revival of heathenism can be reported. “ There has been more conjuring over the sick,” Mr. Wheeler says, “ than we have known for many years; and some of the doings of the old religion have been new among our people.” “ In the early part of the winter, the whooping cough prevailed, and several children died. A conjuror from the interior, of great pretensions, made an image of straw. He then clothed it and painted it, so that it had the form of a human being ; after which he ordered the young men to shoot it, alleging that, by certain incantations which he would employ, the disease would be concentrated in the figure, and, by shooting that, the disease would be destroyed. The image, therefore, was riddled with bullets. This same person told the people, that all who had namesakes among the children, should make feasts for them, as a means of warding off disease. These deceivers would, of course, be invited to the feasts, and so contrive to live by their profession. It was painful to see how many would vibrate between the conjuror and the mission, trusting first to one, and then to the other, and sometimes to both together. They lover their friends and children ; and when sickness comes, and death threatens, they cry, ‘ Who will show us any good ? Who by any means can save life ? ’ Hence, in some cases, the medicine of the mission, and the conjuror’s rattle, were both employed upon the same patient. But comparative health has returned to the Indians; and some declare that they will have no more to do with the pretenders. They have some reason to withhold their confidence ; for in most of the cases where the conjurors have had the control, the sick have died.”

INCREASE OF INTEMPERANCE. The preceding statements have prepared the way for another, which is, that the use of alcoholic liquors is becoming more and more destructive. “ Intemperance always thrives with heathenism,” Mr. Wheeler remarks. The influence of the surrounding population, in this particular, is also unpropitious. “ Whiskey,” it is said, “ is openly sold to the Ojibwas, in towns near by, with little or no attempt at concealment. With 154 0JIBWA8. [Report, stringent State laws, with the United States laws prohibiting, under severe penalties, the sale of intoxicating drinks to the Indians, and with an Agency in the midst of us having authority to destroy, even without legal process, all such drinks on Indian Reservations, nothing effectual is done to stop the fiery current of death.”

NO REASON FOR DESPONDENCY. Mr. Wheeler supposes that the contemplation of such a picture may lead to the inquiry, u Do you not feel disheartened, in view of your prospects?” He says, in reply, that he is not discouraged. “ We have seen darker days,” he continues, “ and then we have seen the light break in upon us. Some, in whose piety we have great confidence, were once as ignorant and degraded as others now are ; but they have been brought out of darkness into light; and that gospel which has redeemed them, can save others. Planting our feet upon this rock, we take courage, and we ask the prayers of Christians for this poor people, that the Lord may interpose his own arm for their salvation.” There is some encouragement, moreover, to be derived from the present condition of the missionary work. “ The Ojibwas,” it is further said, “ with all their sins, are friendly. They have confidence in us, and know that we preach the truth. They treat us kindly, when we visit them at their homes and try to teach them the truth as it is in Jesus.” “ We find in our boarding school a special ground of satisfaction and hope. It has struggled against many counteracting influences ; but it has outlived some of them, and will, we trust, outlive them all. It is becoming more widely known ; and the more it is known, the more highly, we are sure, it will be appreciated. It brings a class of minds under our influence, which we regard with great interest.” And it is a favorable circumstance, that the Ojibwas are making undoubted progress in the line of civiliza­ tion. All of them are cultivators of the soil ; and they are gradually improving their husbandry. Those who are able to work, it is affirmed, are anxious to obtain employment.

LOYALTY. During the great Indian raid on the Mississippi, last year, the Ojibwas were quiet; and they have not manifested any hostile feelings towards the whites or towards the United States gov­ ernment. They drew up a “ declaration ” last fall, at the time of the annual payment, which was signed by the principal chiefs of the Wisconsin Indians, one copy of which was sent to the Governor of the State, and another copy was carried by 1863.] SENECAS. 155 the delegation which visited Washington, last winter, in which they set forth, in the strongest terms, their loyalty to our general government, and their friendship for our people.

SENECAS.

L o w e r C a t t a r a u g u s .— Rev. Otis F . Curtis, Missionary; Mrs. Manila W. Curtis.

U p p e r C a t t a r a u g u s .—Asher Wright, Missionary; Mrs. Laura B. Wright.

U p p e r A l l e g h a n y .—Nathaniel H. Pierce, Missionary; Mrs. Agnes D. Pierce.

O u t - s t a t i o n .— Old Town.—James Pierce, Native Preacher.

3 stations. 1 out-station. 3 missionaries. 3 female assistant missionaries. 1 native preacher.

During the earlier months of the year under review, the Com­ mittee were unable to send a permanent laborer to Cattaraugus, as they had proposed and wished to do. But Mr. Wright was not left, unaided by others, to discharge the duties connected with the missionary work on this Reservation. For a number of weeks, Rev. C. B. Lord, of Gowanda, N. Y., kindly assisted him in his Sabbath services; after which Rev. Daniel Wight, jr., (whose labors in the summer of 1862 were mentioned in the last Report,) performed the work of an assistant missionary till April, 1863, “ grateful,’’ he says, “ for the privilege of laboring for this interesting and hopeful people.” The service which these brethren rendered, has been of great value to the Indians. Quite recently, Rev. Otis F. Curtis, late of Wisconsin, has consented to fill the place which Mr. Gleason formerly occupied. The arrangement is believed to be satisfactory to the Indians, (as it is to Mr. Wright.) and they are expecting to provide, in part, for his support.

TRIALS. Early in the year, it became apparent that a political excite­ ment was at hand, which might seriously affect the plans and measures of the missionaries. A council of the Six Nations had been convened, which was to meet at Cattaraugus, Novem­ ber 15 ; and the bearings which such an assembly might have upon the progress of the gospel, were regarded as entirely problematical. It was found that, for various reasons, many were in favor of this unusual and unnecessary convocation. Some were willing that the “'old system” should be thoroughly set forth and 156 SENECAS. [Report, explained, according to the program, in order that those who had grown up in comparative ignorance of it, might understand its real character. Others (including a few church-members) indulged the hope that, by means of its deliberations, the exist­ ing form of government might give place to the one which had been superseded in 1848. Others still desired to check the inroads which Christianity is constantly making, and, at the same time, reinvigorate and reenthrone the paganism of earlier days. But the result did not answer the expectations of those who called the assembly. It was not till a fortnight after the day appointed, that the council was formally opened; and then it was not deemed expedient to propose any changes, whether pertaining to government or religion. It would not be safe, however, to say that this extraordinary movement inflicted no injury upon the people. The minds of many were diverted, in a measure, from the great themes of redemption ; and among some who should have co-operated, cordially and earnestly, for the enlargement of the church, a degree of coldness and alienation was found to have arisen. On the other hand, the vigorous efforts which were made to revive the heathenism of the last century, occasioned a decided reaction. “ It would not sur­ prise us,” Mr. Wright remarks, “ if in the end it should appear that this attempt ” “ has done more to break its cohesive power over the multitude, than all other causes put together.”

CATTARAUGUS. The preaching of the Word on this Reservation has not seemed to be followed by any striking results. The assemblies which were convened during the “ week of prayer,” were described by Mr. Wight, soon afterwards, as “ solemn and attentive.” Apparently, there was “ deep seriousness on the part of the impenitent, especially the young; ” and there was also “ increased prayerfulness on the part of the church.” This state of things, moreover, continued for several weeks; but the plentiful shower, so earnestly prayed for, did not come. A few, it is hoped, have commenced the new life ; but one only has joined the church by profession. Various changes have oc­ curred among the communicants, within the past year; so that Mr. Wright reports ninety-five Indians, six white persons, and one colored person, as in good standing ; also five Indians, and one white person, as in doubtful standing. The educational efforts which are put forth, in different forms, are represented as successful. The day schools, (under the fostering care of the State of New York, directed by a watchful and efficient superintendent,) are still prosperous. 1863.] SENECAS. 151

The Orphan Asylum, with a greater number of pupils than was reported last year, continues to be highly useful. The Sabbath school is said to be flourishing, notwithstanding a deficiency in the number of suitable teachers. No special endeavors have been made to lessen the evils of intemperance ; and yet more frequent instances of drunkenness, it is supposed, might be found among an equal population in the adjacent towns, than occur among the Senecas. In regard to civilization, the report is very satisfactory. “ The gain is constant,” Mr. Wright says; “ indeed, it is becoming more and more obvious from year to year.” And it is exceedingly grati­ fying to know that the population of this Reservation is advancing. “ Should the present rate of increase continue, the place where these Indians dwell, will be too strait for them ; and many will be obliged to sustain themselves by industrial occupations among the whites, for which they are becoming more and more fitted.”

ALLEGHANY. The prevalence of the small-pox on this Reservation was mentioned last year. Mr. Pierce reports the whole number of cases to have been one hundred and fifty; the deaths, however, were only nine. In consequence of this severe trial, there ap­ pears to have been, for some time, an unusual readiness to listen to the message of salvation. During the-first week in January, there were special services. “ The brethren generally became revived and quickened,” Mr. Pierce says, “ a number were inquiring what they should do to be saved; and I trust that some obtained pardon and reconciliation.” But this hopeful state of things was subsequently marred, apparently, by a partial return of that sectarian spirit which was found so detrimental in former years. None have joined the church by profession; and the communicants are reported as being seventy-one, showing no change from the statistics which were returned a year ago. Seven day-schools (including one at Cornplanter’s) have been sustained during most of the year; and, in general, the progress of the pupils seems to have been satisfactory. A boarding school for Indian children, supported by the Quakers, is thought, in many respects, to be “ doing a good work.” Mr. Pierce recognizes with pleasure a constant advance in civilization, re­ vealing itself in the erection of better houses and barns, and in better methods of tillage. “ One of our brethren at Old Town,” he says, “ was obliged to give up his homestead, some five years since, in consequence of a defect in his title. He built a shanty in the woods, and removed his family to it.* He has already cleared twenty-five or thirty acres, built a two-story house and painted it white, besides providing other conveniences.” 14 158 SÜMMABY. [Report^

Intemperance does not seem to be increasing, though the thirty miles of railroad, which now traverse almost the entire length of the Reservation, have obviously multiplied the en­ couragements and incitements thereto. As there are unprin­ cipled white persons, on every hand, the friends of missions will understand that other temptations are not wanting. But the brother who is called to labor in this field, is profoundly thank­ ful for that restraining grace, which keeps so many iu the paths of virtue. This, and this only, must be their hope.

SUMMARY. Missions. Number of Missions, . 20 “ “ Stations, . 112 “ " Out-stations, 211

Laborers Employed. Number of ordained Missionaries (8 being Physicians), 151 “ “ Physicians not ordained, . 6 “ “ other Male Assistants, 5 “ “ Female Assistants, .... 180 Whole number of laborers sent from this country, -342 Number of Native Pastors, .... 36 “ “ Native Preachers, .... 233 “ “ School Teachers, .... 268 “ “ Other Native Helpers, 20 0--737 Whole number of laborers connected with the Missions, 1,079

The Press. Number of Printing Establishments, .... 3 Pages printed last year, as far as reported, . 16,354,300

The Churches.

Number of Churches, (including all at the Sandwich Islands,) . . 154 “ “ Church Members, (do. do.) so far as reported, *22,952 Added during the year, (do. d o .) ...... 1,138

Educational Department.

Number of Training and Theological Schools...... 8 “ “ other Boarding Schools,...... 13 “ “ Free Schools, (omitting those at Sandwich Islands,) . 344 “ “ Pupils in Free Schools, (omitting those at S. I.) 8,961 “ “ “ “ Training and Theological Schools, 271 “ “ “ “ Boarding Schools, . .. 302 Whole number of P u p ils, ...... -9,534

* The falling off in the reported number of church members, as compared with last year, ia occasioned by the taking of a new and more accurate census at the Sandwich Islands. 1863.] PECUNIARY ACCOUNTS. 159

PECUNIARY ACCOUNTS.

Expenditures of the Board for the Year ending August 31, 1863.

C o s t o f t h e M i s s i o n s .

Zulu Mission. Remittances and purchases, .... 19,837 81 Passage of Mr. Lindley and family to Algoa Bay, . 975 00 Grant to Mr. L. Grout, .... 600 00 Mr. McKinney’s expenses, .... 199 34— 21,512 U

Gaboon* Mission. Expenses of Mr. Bushnell, ..... 175 00 Outfit of Miss Green, ...... 150 20 Passage of Mr. and Mrs. Bushnell, and Miss Green, to the Gaboon, ...... 463 05 Drafts and purchases, ..... 1,881 01 - -2,669 2«

Mission to Greece. Payments and remittances, 2,648 40

Mission to Western Turkey. Remittances, drafts and purchase's, . 48,742 57 Outfit and expenses of Mr. and Mrs. Haskell, 667 07 Passage of do. to Constantinople, and expenses, . 480 00 Outfit and expenses of Miss Reynolds, 192 34 Passage of do. to Constantinople, . 259 33 Outfit and expenses of Miss Fritcher, 263 96 Passage of do. to Constantinople, . . . . 259 33 Outfit and expenses of Mr. and Mrs. Smith, 775 56 Passage of do. to Constantinople, . 518 66 Passage and expenses of Dr. W ood to Constantinople, 420 62 Passage and expenses of Miss S. E. West from do. 230 00 Expenses of Mr. Van Lennep and family, . 650 00 Do. of Mr. Bliss and family, . 400 00 Do. of Mr. Peabody and family, 372 68— 64,232 12

Mission to Central Turkey. Remittances, drafts and purchases, 18,235 57 Grant to Mr. Powers, ..... 500 00- -18,735 57

Mission to Eastern Turkey.

Remittances, drafts and purchases, . .. . 24,268 37 Outfit and expenses of Mr. Parmelee, . . 716 00 Passage of Mr. and Mrs. Parmelee to Constantinople, . 518 68- - 26,503 05 160 PECUNIARY ACCOUNTS. [Report,

Syria Mission Remittances, drafts and purchases, . 30,479 30 Expenses of Mr. Eddy aud family, . 567 03 Passage of do. to Beirut, 616 50 Outfit and expenses of Mr. Post, 676 18 Outfit of Mr. Berry, in part, 447 86 — 32,786 84

JVestorian Mission. Remittances, drafts and purchases, . 18.417 98 Expenses of Mr. Coan and family, . S60 21 “ of Dr. Wright and family, 600 00 Passage of Dr. Perkins to Oroomiah, bal. 300 00— 19,678 19

Mahratta Mission. Remittances, drafts and purchases, . 28,932 10 Outfit of Mr. Bruce, . 547 62 Do. of Mr. Ballantine, 666 00 Expenses of Mr. and Mrs. Munger, 355 00 Passage of three families, to Bombay, 1,5>'0 00 Expenses of Mr. Wood, 275 00 “ of Mr. Hazen and family, 600 03— 32,875 72

Madras Mission. Remittances, drafts and purchases, . 4,626 44

Madura Mission. Remittances, drafts and purchases, . 47,081 38 Passage of Mr. Lord and family, to Madras, 750 00 Expenses of Mr. Chandler and family, R1Q “ of Mr. Muzzy and family, 200 00-----18,850 71

Ceylon Mission. Remittances, drafts and purchases, . . 28,002 43

Canton Mission. Remittances, drafts and purchases, . . 10,441 54

Fuh-cliau Mission. Remittances, drafts and purchases, . . 11,580 09

North China Mission. Remittances, drafts and purchases, 10,185 67 Outfit of Mr. Chapin, balance, 516 00 Passage of Mr. and Mrs. Ghapin, 500 00— 11,201 67

Sandunch Islands Mission. Drafts and purchases, 21,569 69

Micronesia Mission. Drafts and purchases, 8,366 99 : of Dr. Gulick “ to New York, 239 00 Expenses of do. 310 00------8,915 99

North American Indians. Dakota Mission, 3,236 16 Ojibwa Mission, 2,680 47 Seneca Mission, 1,269 89- -7,186 52 1863.] PECUNIARY ACCOUNT». 161

C o s t o f C o l l e c t i n g t h e F c n d s .

1. Agencies. Salary of Rev. William Warren, .... 1,000 00 Traveling expenses, ...... 214 65 Salary of Rev. C. P. Bush, ..... 625 00 Traveling expenses, . . . . • 99 60 Salary of Rev. J. McLeod, ..... 500 00 Traveling expenses, . . . . • • 73 28 Salary of Rev. C. Clark, ..... 400 00 Traveling expenses, ...... 134 73 Salary of Rev. J. L. Jenkins, .... 1,500 00 Traveling expenses, ...... 159 33 Salary of Rev. N. L. Lord, ..... 787 50 Rent of office at Philadelphia, .... 125 00 Do. Rochester, . . . . . 62 96 Do. Cincinnati, . . . . . 12 50 Circulars and postage, ..... 211 59 Traveling expenses of returned missionaries and others while on agencies, ..... 1,452 93-— 7(359 67

2 . Publications. Cost of the Missionary Herald, eleven months, (including the salaries of the Editor and General Agent,) . . 7,914 19 Deduct amount received from subscribers, . 2,350 00------5,564 19 (About 11,000 copies have been distributed to pastors and churches gratuitously.) Annual Report, 4,000 copies, ..... 829 56 Abstract of do., 750 copies, . . . . . 19 74 Dr. Smith’ s Sermon, 2,000 copies, . . . . 91 60 Historical Sketch of Mahratta Mission, 4,000 copies, . 210 83 Do. of Armenian Missions, 1,000 copies, . 42 75 Report of Committee on Expenditures and Finances, 5.000 copies, ...... 173 25 Quarterly Letters to Sabbath Schools, (and postage,) 14.000 copies, ...... 288 35 Appeal to the Churches, 19,150 copies, . . . 72 19 Report on Native Pastorates, . . . . 11 38 Dr. Peabody’s Review, 525 copies, . . . . 12 38 Letter to Rev. Dr. Candlish, 525 copies, . . . 9 00 Memorial Volume, 54 copies, . . . . 27 00 Copying, ...... 29 80 Binding, ...... 25 20 Miscellaneous printing, ..... 46 38 7,453 60

C o s t o t A dm inistration.

1. Department o f Correspondence. Salary of Dr. Anderson, $2,000, less $725, received from Fund for Officers, ...... 1,275 00 Salary of Mr. Treat, $1,850, less $725, as above, . . 1,125 00 Clerk hire, ...... 1,100 00------3,500 00

2. Treasurer’s Department. Salary o f the Treasurer, 2,500, less $725, as above, 1,775 00 Clerk hire, 2,300 00- 1,075 00

3 . JYew York City. Salary of Dr. Wood, ,000, less $725, as above, . 1,275 00 Salary o f Agent, 1,000 00 Do. of Clerk, 600 00 Office rent, 709 00 Postage and other expenses, . 267 79- 3,851 79 1 6 2 PECUNIARY ACCOUNTS. [Report,

4. Miscellaneous Charges. Postage on letters and pamphlets, 534 30 Fuel and gas, ...... 160 82 Stationery, ...... 52 50 Books and periodicals for library, and binding, 141 18 Care of Missionary House, and extra labor, 399 17 Freight and cartage, ..... 163 06 Repairs, ...... 378 28 Insurance and taxes, . . . . . 66 46 Copying letters and documents, 446 61 Expenses of meetings of the Board in New York and Boston, in May last, .... 101 58 Legal expenses on legacies, .... 82 77 Traveling expenses of officers of the Board in attending annual meeting, . . . .. 14 77 Traveling expenses of Committee on Expenditures and Finances, ...... 67 50 Revenue stamps, . . . . . 31 98 Preparing and forwarding certificates of Honorary Members, 176 52 Traveling expenses of members of Prudential Committee residing in New York, ..... 87 70- -2,905 20

392,161 04 Balance for which the Board was in debt, September 1, 1862, 11,103 62

$403,264 66

Receipts o f the Board for the Tear ending August 31, 1863.

Donations as acknowledged in the Missionary Herald, 304,905 74 Legacies, do. do...... 85,040 76 Interest on the General Permanent Fund, ($23,000 being invested in the Missionary House,) ...... 2,935 68 Interest from Ashley Fund, ...... 150 00 Avails of press, and sale of books and pamphlets at the Zulu mission, 936 42 Do. of press and rents at Ahmednuggur, 1,344 24 Do. of press, Book Depository, and land at Cèylon, 836 27 Do. of rent and sale of house at Seneca Mission, 138 10 Translating for the United States consul at Canton, 792 50

397,079 '71 Balance, /or which the Board is in debt, September 1, 18S3, 6,184 95

$ 403,264 66

General Permanent Fund. This fund amounts to . $ 71,660 32

Permanent Fund for Officers. This fund amounts, as last year, to . . $ 39,840 00

Permanent Fund for Officers, Interest Account Balance on hand, September 1,1862, . . . 18 17 Received for dividends and interest, . . . 2,917 60----- 2,935 77 Paid balance o f salaries of Secretaries and Treasurer, . . . 2,900 00 1863.] DONATIONS. 163

SUMMARY OF DONATIONS RECEIVED DURING THE YEAR.

MAINE. A u x i l i a r y S o c i e t i e s . Oumberland County, H . Packard, Tr. Portland, $2,761 97 Franklin County, Rev. I. Rogers, Tr. Farmington, 169 03 Kennebec Conf. of chs. 649 27 Lincoln County, ,212 7!1 Penobscot County, E. F. Duren, Tr. Bangor, ,033 75 York Conf. of chs. Rev. G. W . Crespey, Tr. Buxton Centre, 866 81- Towns not associated, L e g a c i e s , ...... Donations for School Fund,

11,060 13 NEW HAMPSHIRE. Cheshire County, Asa Duren, Tr. Keene, 902 41 Grafton County, 823 72 Hillsboro’ County, E. S. Russell, Nashua, 2,679 99 Merimack County, G. Hutchins, Tr. Concord, 1,364 28 Rockingham Conf. of chs. F. Grant, Tr. Exeter, 1,343 13 Strafford Conf. of chs. E. J. Lane, Tr. Dover, 850 45 Sullivan County, N . W . Goddard, Tr. Claremont, 269 87- Towns not associated, L e g a c i e s , ...... Donations for School Fund,

10,405 27 VERMONT. Addison County, Amos Wilcox, Tr. Middlebury, 353 17 Caledonia Co. Conf. of chs. E . Jewett, Tr. St. Johnsbury, 2,394 48 Chittenden County, E. A . Fuller, Tr. Burlington, 689 97 Franklin County, C. B. Swift, Tr. St. Albans, 838 72 Orange County, Rev. J. C. Houghton, Tr. Chelsea, 721 52 Orleans County, Rev. A . B. Gray, Tr. Coventry, 467 24 Rutland County, J. Barrett, Tr. Rutland, 1,411 62 Washington County, G. W . Scott, Tr. Montpelier, 426 27 Windham County, F. Tyler, Tr. Brattleboro’, 1,252 40 I Rev. C. B. Drake, Tr. Royalton, j „„ Windsor County, j «J. Steele, Tr. W indsor,! i»o -J- —9,335 62 Towns not a s s o c i a t e d , ...... 888 83 L e g a c i e s , ...... 4,684 17 Donations for School Fund, .... 644 31

15,452 93 MASSACHUSETTS. Barnstable County, 726 91 [ H . G. Davis, Tr. Pittsfield, Berkshire County, | James Sedgwick, Tr. Gt.Barriugton, j 3,383 06 Boston, 31,760 71 Brookfield Association, William Hyde, Tr. Ware, 3,446 50 Essex County, 4,276 12 Essex County, North, James Caldwell, Tr. Newburyport, 3,188 70 Essex County, South, C. M. Richardson, Tr. Salem, 1,735 97 Franklin County, Lewis Merriam, Tr. Greenfield, 1,504 43 Hampden County, J. C. Bridgman, Tr. Springfield, 5,227 51 Hampshire County, S. E. Bridgman, Tr. Northampton, 9,307 61 Middlesex County, 11,076 35 Middlesex Union, 993 14 Norfolk County, 8,164 07 Amount earned forward, 84,781 08 164 d o n a t i o n s . [Report,

Amount brought forw a rd , ...... $ 84,781 08 Old Colony, 691 65 Palestine Missionary Society, Ebenezer A lien, Tr. Randolph, 2,264 39 Plymouth County, * 294 44 Taunton and vicinity, 2,839 14 Worcester County, North, C. Sanderson, Tr. Templeton, 684 58 Worcester, Central, William R. Hooper, Tr. Worcester, 8,385 69 Worcester County, South, W . C. Capron, Tr. Uxbridge, 2,140 46—102,071 43 Towns not a s s o c i a t e d , ...... 902 89 L e g a c i e s , ...... 26,696 44 Donations for School Fund, .... 1,146 70

130,716 46

ES0DE ISLAND. D o n a t i o n s ,...... 3,743 69 Donations for School F u n d ,...... 199 38

3,943 07

CONNECTICUT. Fairfield County, East, 953 21 Fairfield County, W est, Charles Marvin, Tr. Wilton, 2,239 38 Hartford County, A . G. Hammond, Agent. Hartford, 6,940 19 Hartford County, South, H . 8 . Ward, Tr. Middletown, 2,211 75 Litchfield County, G. C. Woodruff, Tr. Litchfield, 3,306 60 Middlesex Association, John Marvin, Tr. Hadlyme, 1,109 01 New Haven City, F. T. Jarman, Agent. New Haven, 4,248 99 New Haven County, East, F. T . Jarman, Agent. New Haven, 1,216 77 New Haven Co. W . Conso. W . Atwater, Tr. New Haven, 2,343 54 New London and vie. and ( Lewis A . Hvde, Tr. Norwich, . \ , ßfiR ,*> Norwich and vicinity, j Charles Butler, Tr. New London, j ’ Tolland County, E. B. Preston, Tr. Rockville, 1,868 15 Windham County, G. Danielson, Tr. 1,874 28 — 33,038 80 Towns not a s s o c i a t e d , ...... 301 00 Legacies...... 7,494 95 Donations for School Fund, .... 215 09

41,049 84

NEW T0BE. Auburn and vicinity, 1. F. Terrill, Agent. Auburn, 836 73 Buffalo and vicinity, Horace Stillman, Agent. Buffalo, 1,780 82 Chatauque County, S. H. Hungerford, Tr. Westfield, 226 20 Geneva and vicinity, W . H. Smith, Agent. Geneva, 748 00 Greene County, John Doane, Agent. Catskill, 143 62 Monroe County and vie. j S a m A ^ f c f Ag“ nt. Kochester, 3,044 30 New York City and Brooklyn, A . Merwin, Tr. New York city, 28,691 55 Oneida County, J. E. Warner, Tr. Utica, 775 37 Otsego County, D . H. Little, Tr. Cherry Valley, 503 72 Bt, Lawrence County, C. T. Hulburd, Tr. Gouverneur, 258 67 Syracuse and vicinity, Henry Babcock, Syracuse, 811 43 Watertown and vicinity, F. Baker, Agent. Watertown, 576 55 — 38,396 96 Towns not a s s o c i a t e d , ...... 31,799 91 L e g a c i e s , ...... 32,030 25 Donations for School Fund, .... 1,169 72

103,396 84

NEW JERSEY. D o n a t i o n s ,...... 3,890 60 Legacies, ...... 6,063 67 Donations for School F u n d ,...... 251 66

10,195 73

PENNSYLVANIA. D o n a t i o n s ,...... 11,605 14 L e g a c i e s , ...... 1,547 75 Donations for School Fund...... 528 82 1863.] DONATIONS. 165

DELAWARE. MINNESOTA. Donations, .... $614 91 Donations, .... 318 10 Donations for School Fund, 90 03 Donations for School Fund, 10 25

328 3ft MAE YL AND. CALIFORNIA. Donations, .... 925 90 Donations, .... 1,048 80 Donations for School Fund, 54 00 Donations for School Fund, 41 25

1,090 05 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. K&NSAS. Donations, 1,392 70 Donations, 31 00

VIRGINIA. OREGON Donations, 597 12 Donations, .... 08 80 Donations for School Fund, 2 75

OHIO. 101 66 By a . L. Weed, Tr. . 3,382 66 NEBRASKA TERRITORY. By T. P. Handy, . 2,268 53 Donations, .... f>,130 00 Donations, 3 00 Legacies, .... 608 89 Donations for School Fund, 610 07 TENNESSEE. 12,000 15 Donations, .... 66 60 INDIANA. Donations for School Fund, 6 60 Donations...... 2,723 60 Legacies, .... 775 00 62 10 Donations for ßcliool Fund, 109 98 NORTH CAROLINA. 3,608 58 Donations, 6 00 ILLINOIS. Donations, .... 6,979 98 Legacies, .... 960 86 SOUTH CAROLINA. Donations for School Fund, 284 36 D o n a t io n s ,...... 1 00 8,225 20 MICHIGAN. WASHINGTON TERRITORY. D o n a t io n s ,...... 3,601 42 D o n a t io n s ,...... 8 00 Legacies, 11 50 Donations for School Fund, 141 06

3,753 98 NEW MEXICO. WISCONSIN. Donations, 5 00 D o n a t io n s ,...... 1,473 65 Donations for School Fund, . 182 62 ARMY AND NAVY. 1,656 27 Donations, 85 00 IOWA. Donations, .... 697 08 Donations for School Fund, 69 75 FOREIGN LANDS AND MISSIONARY 766 83 STATIONS. MISSOURI. D o n a t io n s ,...... 12,922 50 L e g a c i e s , ...... 562 22 Donations, .... 663 25 Donations for School Fund, . 325 20 Donations for School Fund, 35 21 13,809 92 698 46 KENTUCKY. Donations, 25 00 Total...... 50 166 0FF1CEKS OP THE BOARD. [Report,

OFFICERS OF THE BOARD.

D eath ar D eath or E lection. Presidents. Resignation. Election. Resignation. 1810 JO H N T R E A D W E L L , L L . D . 1823 Corresponding Secretaries 1823 JOSEPH LYMAN, D. D. 18-26 1810 S A M U E L W O R C E S T E R , D. D. 1831 18-26 JOHN COTTON SMITH, LL. D. 1841 1821 JEREMIAH EVARTS, Esq. 1831 1841 T H E O . F R E L IN G H U Y S E N , L L . D. 1857 1831 ELIAS CORNELIUS, D. D. 1832 1857 M A R K H O P K IN S , D. D ., L L . D. 1833 B E N JA M IN B. W IS N E R , D. D. 1835 183-2 RUFUS ANDERSON, D. D. Vice Presidents. 1832 Rev. D A V ID G R E E N S , 1848 1810 S A M U E L S P R IN G , D .D . 1819 1835 W IL L IA M J. A R M S T R O N G , D . D. 1847 1819 JO SE PH L Y M A N , D. D . 1823 1847 Rev. SELAH B. TREAT. 1823 JO H N C O T T O N S M IT H , L L . D. 1826 1848 S W A N L . P O M R O Y , D. D. 1859 1826 S T E P H E N V A N R E N S S E L A E R , 1852 G E O R G E W . W O O D , D. D. L L . D. 1839 1839 T H E O . F R E L IN G H U Y S E N , L L . D. 1841 Assistant Corresponding Secretaries 1841 T H O M A S S. W IL L IA M S , L L . D . 1857 1857 W I L L I A M JE S S U P , L L . D. 1824 R ev. R U F U S A N D E R S O N , 1832 1828 R ev. D A V ID G R E E N E , 1832 Prudential Committee. 1810 W IL L IA M B A R T L E T , Esq. 1814 Recording Secretaries. 1810 S A M U E L S P R IN G , D. D. 1819 1810 C A L V IN C H A P IN , D . D. 1843 1810 S A M U E L W O R C E S T E R , D. D. 1821 1843 Rev. S E L A H B. T R E A T , 1847 1812 JEREMIAH EVARTS, Esq. 1830 1847 S A M U E L M. W O R C E S T E R , D. D. 1815 JEDIDIAH MORSE, D. D. 1821 1818 Hon. WILLIAM REED, 1834 Assistant Recording Secretaries. 1819 L E O N A R D W O O D S , D. D. 1834 1836 C H A R L E S S T O D D A R D , Esq. 1839 1821 S A M U E L H U B B A R D , L L . D. 1843 1839 B E L A B. E D W A R D S , D. D . 1842 1821 W A R R E N F A Y , D. D. 1839 1842 Rev. D A N IE L C R O S B Y , 1843 1|828 BENJAMIN B. WISNER, D. D. 1835 1831 E L IA S C O R N E L IU S , D. D. 1832 Treasurers. 1832 Hon. SAMUEL T. ARMSTRONG, 1850 1832 C H A R L E S S T O D D A R D , Esq. 1810 S A M U E L H. W A L L E Y , Esq. 1811 1834 JOHN TAPPAN, Esq. 1811 J E R E M IA H E V A R T S , Esq. 1822 1835 D A N IE L N O Y E S , Esq. 1845 j 1822 H E N R Y H IL L , Esq. 1854 1837 N E H E M IA H A D A M S , D. D. 1854 JA M E S M . G O RD ON , Esq. 1839 S IL A S A IK E N , D . D. 1849 1843 WILLIAM W . STONE, Esq. 1850 Auditors. 1845 H on. W IL L IA M J. H U BBAR D. 1859 1810 J O S H U A G O O D A L E , Esq. 1812 1849 AUGUSTUS C. THOMPSON, D. D. 1812 S A M U E L H. W A L L E Y , Esq. 1813 1850 H on. W I L L I A M T . E U S T IS . 1813 C H A R L E S W A L L E Y , Esq. 1814 1850 Hon. JO H N A IK E N . 1814 C H E S T E R A D A M S , Esq. 1817 1851 Hon. D A N IE L S A F F O R D . 1856 1817 A S H U R A D A M S , Esq. 1822 1854 H E N R V H IL L , Esq. 1822 C H E S T E R A D A M S , Esq. 1827 1856 IS A A C F E R R IS , D. D. 1857 18-27 W ILLIAM ROPES, Esq. 1829 1856 ASA D. SMITH, D. D. 1863 1829 JO H N T A P P A N , Esq. 1834 1856 WALTER S. GRIFFITH, Esq. 1829 C H A R L E S S T O D D A R D , Esq. 1832 1857 Hon. ALPHEUS HARDY. 1832 Hon. W I L L I A M J. H U B B A R D , 1842 1859 Hon. LINUS CHILD. 1834 D A N IE L N O Y E S , Esq. 1835 1860 WILLIAM S. SOUTHWORTH, Esq. 1835 C H A R L E S SC UD D ER, Esq. 1847 1863 Rev. ALBERT BARNES. 184-2 MOSES L. HALE, Esq. 1863 Rev. ROBERT R. BOOTH. 1847 Hon. S A M U E L H. WALLEY. 1863.] MEMBERS OF THE BOARD. 167

MEMBERS OF THE BOARD.

CORPORATE MEMBERS.

[The names under each State are arranged according to the time of election.] Maine. 1832 ENOCH POND, D. D., Bangor. 1838 BENJAMIN TAP PAN, D. D-, Augusta. 1842 WILLIAM T. DWIGHT, D. D., Portland. 1843 SWAN LYMAN POMROY, D. D., Portland. 1851 GEORGE F. PATTEN, Esq., Bath. 1854 JOHN W. CHICKERING, D. D., Portland. 1856 GEORGE E. ADAMS, D. D., Brunswick. 1856 WILLIAM W. THOMAS, Esq., Portland. 1857 AMOS D. LOCKWOOD, Esq., Lewiston.

New Hampshire. 1832 NATHAN LORD, D. D., Hanover. 1840 ZEDEKIAH S. BARSTOW, D. D., Keene. 1842 JOHN K. YOUNG, D. D., Laconia. 1853 ASA D. SMITH, D. D., Hanover. 1857 NATHAN IEL BOTJTON, D. D.. Concord. 1859 Hon. W ILLIAM HAILE, Hinsdale. 1860 Hon. GEORGE W. NESMITH, Franklin. 1862 R ey. ALYAN TOBEY, Durham. 1862 EDW ARD SPALDING, M. D., Nashua.

Y ermont. 1838 CHARLES WALKER, D. D., Pittsford. 1839 SILAS AIKEN. 1). D., Rutland. 1840 W ILLARD CHILD, D. D., Castleton. 1842 Hon. ERASTUS FAIRBANKS, St. Johnsbury. 1842 BENJAMIN LABAREE, D. D., Middlebury. 1842 Rev. JOSEPH STEELE, Middlebufy. 1859 LEWIS H. DELANO, Esq., Hardwick.

Massachusetts* 1820 WILLIAM ALLEN, D. D., Northampton. 1827 JOHN TAPPAN, Esq., Boston. 1828 HENRY HILL, Esq., Roxbury. 1832 RUFUS ANDERSON, D. D., Boston. 1832 Rev. DAVID GREENE, Westboro’. 1832 CHARLES STODDARD, Esq., Boston. 1834 Rev. SYLVESTER HOLMES, Plymouth. 1837 NEHEMIAH ADAMS, D. D., Boston. 1838 AARON WARNER, D. D., Amherst. 1838 MARK HOPKINS, D. D., LL. D., Williamstown. 1840 WILLIAM JENKS, D. D., Boston. 1840 ALFRED ELY, D. D., Monson. 1840 HORATIO BARDWELL, D. D., Oxford. 1840 EBENEZER ALDEN, M. D., Randolph. 1840 E D W AR D W . HOOKER, D. D., Newburyport. 1842 RICHARD S. STORRS, D. D., Braintree. 1842 EBENEZER BURGESS, D. D., Dedham. 1842 JOHN NELSON. D. D., Leicester. 1842 Hon. SAMUEL W ILLISTON, Easthamptcm. 1843 Rev. SELAH B. TREAT, Boston. 1845 Hon. WILLIAM J. HUBBARD, Boston. MEMBERS OF THE BOARD. [Report,

HENRY B. HOOKER, D. D., Boston. 1845 Hon. LINUS CHILD, Boston. 1845 CALYIX E. STOWE. D. D., Andover. 1847 SAMUEL M. W ORCESTER, D. D., Salem. 1848 ANDREW W. PORTER, Esq., Monson. 1848 Hon. SAMUEL H. WALLEY, Boston. 1849 AUGUSTUS C. THOMPSON, D. D., Roxbury. 1850 Hon. WILLIAM T. EUSTIS, Boston. 1850 Hon. JOHN AIKEN, Andover. 1852 WILLIAM ROPES, Esq., Boston. 1853 JOHN TODD, D. D., Pittsfield. 1854 SETH SWEETS ER, D. D., Worcester. 1854 JAMES M. GORDON, Esq., Boston. 1855 AMOS BLANCHARD, D. D., Lowell. 1857 Hon. ALP HEUS HARDY, Boston. 1860 Hon. REUBEN A. CHAPMAN, Springfield. 1860 WILLIAM S. SOUTHWORTH, Esq., Lowell. 1862 ABNER KINGMAN, Esq., Boston. 1862 Hon. WILLIAM HYDE, Ware. 1863 WILLIAM A. STEARNS, D. D., LL. D., Amherst. 1863 EDWARDS A. PARK, D. D., Andover.

Rhode Island. 1846 Rev. THOMAS SHEPARD, D. D., Bristol. 1850 JOHN KINGSBURY, LL. D., Providence.

Connecticut. 1817 JEREMIAH DAY, D. D., LL. D., New Haven. 1832 NOAH PORTER, D. D., Farmington. 1838 JOEL HAWES, D. D.. Hanford. 1838 MARK TUCKER, D. D., Vernon. 1838 Hon. THOMAS W. WILLIAMS, New London. 1840 Hon. SETH T E R R Y , Hartford. 18-10 JOHN T. NORTON, Esq., Farmington. 1842 A LVAN BOND, D. D., Norwich. 1842 LEONARD BACON. D. D., New Haven. 1842 HENRY WHITE, Esq., New Haven. 1843 JOEL H. LIN SLEY, D. D., Greenwich. 1843 Rev. DAVID L. OGDEN, New Haven. 1852 Gen. WILLIAM WILLIAMS. Norwich. 1854 SAMUEL W. S. DUTTON, D. D , New Haven. 1855 GEORGE KELLOGG, Esq., Rockville. 1859 THEODORE D. WOOLSEY. D. D., LL. D., New Haven. 1859 Hon. WILLIAM A. BUCKINGHAM, Norwich. 1860 LUCIUS BARBOUR. Esq., Hartford. 1860 ELISHA L. CLEAVELAND, D. D., New Haven. 1860 JOHN A. DAVENPORT, Esq., New Haven. 1862 CALVIN DAY, Esq., Hartford. 1863 Hon. SAMUEL MILLER, New Haven.

New Y ork . 1812 ELIPHALET NOTT, D. D.. Schenectady. 1824 GARDINER SPRING, D. D., New York city. 1826 THOMAS DE WITT, D. D., New York city. 1826 NATHAN S. S. BEMAN, D. D., Troy. 1834 JAMES M. MATHEW S, D. D., New York city. 1838 ISAAC FERRIS, D. D.. New York city. 1838 THOMAS H. SKINNER. D. D., New York city. 1838 W ILLIAM W . CHESTER, Esq., New York city. 1838 PELAT1AH PERIT. Esq., New York city. 1839 WILLIAM B. SPRAGUE, D.D., Albany. 1840 REUBEN H. W ALW ORTH , LL. D., Saratoga Springs. 1840 DIEDRICH W ILLERS, D. D.. Fayette, Seneca County. 1840 Hon. CHARLES W. ROCKWELL, New York city. 1840 D AVID H. LITTLE, Esq., Cherry Valley. 1840 CHARLES MILLS, Esq., Kingsborough. 1842 SAMUEL H. COX. D. D.. New York city. 1842 ARISTARCHUS CHAMPION, Esq., Rochester. 1842 Hon. W ILLIAM L. F. W AR R E N , Saratoga Springs. 1842 WILLIAM ADAMS, D. D., New York city. 1863. J MEMBERS OF THE BOARD. 169

1842 ANSEL D. EDDY, D. D., Seneca Falls. 1843 WILLIAM WISNER, D. D., Ithaca. 1843 WILLIAM PATTON, D. D., New York city. 1843 WILLIAM W. STONE, Esq., New York city. 1845 JOHN FORSYTH, D. D., Newburgh. 1846 Hon. H EN RY W . TAYLOR, Canandaigua. 1846 CALVIN T. HULBURD, Esq., Brasher Falls. 1848 DAVID WESSON, Esq., Brooklyn. 1848 LAURENS P. HICKOK, D. D., Schenectady. 1848 WILLIAM M. HALSTED. Esq., New York city. 1848 SIMEON BENJAMIN, Esq , Elmira. 1848 ABRAHAM B. HASBROUCK, LL. D., Kingston. 1850 ROBERT W. CONDIT, D. D., Oswego. 1851 Rev. SIMEON NORTH, LL. D., Clinton. 1851 SAMUEL W. FISHER, D. D., Clinton. 1851 HENRY - SMITH, D. D., Buffalo. 1852 WALTER S. GRIFFITH, Esq., Brooklyn. 1852 ISAAC N. WYCKOFF, D. D.. Albany. 1852 Hon. WILLIAM F. ALLEN, Oswego. 1852 GEORGE W. WOOD., D. D., New York city. 1853 OLIVER E. WOOD, Esq., New York city. 1853 MONTGOMERY S. GOODALE, D. D., Amsterdam. 1854 W ALTE R CLARKE, D. D., Buffalo. 1854 RAY PALMER, D.D., Albany. 1855 PHILEMON H. FOWLER. D. D., Utica. 1855 GEORGE B. CHEEVER, D.D., New York city 1855 SAMUEL T. SPEAR, D. D., Brooklyn. 1855 JACOB M. SCHERMERHORN, Esq., Homer. 1857 WILLIAM E. DODGE, Esq., New York city. 1860 JONATHAN B. CONDIT, D. D., Auburn. 1860 JAMES W. McLANE, D. D., Brooklyn. I860 W ILLIAM A. BOOTH, Esq., New York city. 1869 SIMEON B. CHITTENDEN, Esq., Brooklyn. 1862 JAMES B. SHAW, D. D., Rochester. 1863 FREDERICK STARR, Esq., Rochester. 1863 OLIVER E. DAGGETT, D. D., Canandaigua. 1863 GEORGE L. PRENTISS, D. D., New York city. 1863 RICHARD S. STORRS, Jr., D. D., Brooklyn. 1863 ZEBULON S. ELY, Esq., New York city. 1863 Rev. ROBERT R. BOOTH, New York city.

New Jersey. 1823 S. V . S. W ILDER, Esq., Elizabethtown. 1832 Hon. PETER D. VROOM, Trenton. 1838 DAVID MAGIE, D. D., Elizabethtown. 1838 RICHARD T. HAINES, Esq., Elizabethtown. 1840 Hon. JOSEPH C. HORNBLOWER, Newark. 1842 JOEL PA R K E R , D. D., Newark. 1842 J. MARSHAL PAUL, M. D., Belvidere. 1843 BENJAMIN C. TAYLOR, D. D., Hudson. 1848 Hon. DANIEL HAINES, Hamburg, 1853 JONATHAN F. STEARNS, D. D., Newark. 1855 Rev. THORNTON A. MILLS, Newark. 1856 LYNDON A. SMITH, M. D., Newark.

Pennsylvania. 1838 W ILLIAM R. DE W ITT, D. D., Harrisburg. 1838 AMBROSE W H ITE, Esq., Philadelphia. 1840 Hon. WILLIAM DARLING, Philadelphia. 1840 WILLIAM JESSUP, LL. D., Montrose. 1840 BERNARD C. WOLF, D. D., Easton. 1840 Rev. ALBERT BARNES, Philadelphia. 1840 J. W . N EVIN , D. D., Mercersburg. 1840 DAVID H. RIDDLE, D. D., Canonsburg. 1843 SAMUEL H. PERK INS, Esq., Philadelphia. 1855 JOHN A. BROWN, Esq., Philadelphia. 1855 Hon. WILLIAM STRONG, Philadelphia. 1855 GEORGE A. LYON, D. D., Erie. 1857 MATTHIAS W . BALDW IN, Esq., Philadelphia. 1859 THOMAS BRAINERD, D. D., Philadelphia. 1859 JAMES W . W E IR , Esq., Harrisburg. 16 n o MEMBERS OF THE BOARD. [Report,

M aryland. 1838 JAMES G. HAMNER, D. D., Baltimore.

District of Columbia. 1842 JOHN CROSS SMITH, D. D., Washington.

Virginia. 1826 Gen. JOHN H. COCKE, Fluvanna County.

Missouri. 1851 H E N R Y A. NELSON, D. D., St. Louis. 1857 TRUMAN M. POST, D. D., St. Louis. 1860 JOHN B. JOHNSON, M. D., St. Louis- Tennessee. 1842 SAMUEL RHEA, Esq., Blountsville.

Ohio. 1838 GEORGE E. PIERCE, D. D., Hudson. 1848 SAMUEL C. A IK EN , D. D., Cleveland. 1851 D. HOWE ALLEN, D. D., Walnut Hills. 1853 DOUGLASS PUTNAM, Esq., Harmar. 1853 ROBERT W. STEELE, Esq., Dayton. 1853 HENRY L. HITCHCOCK, D. D.. Hudson. 1855 M. LA RUE P. THOMPSON, D. D., Cincinnati. 1857 T. P. HANDY, Esq., Cleveland. 1863 JOSEPH PERKINS, Esq., Cleveland. M ichigan. 1833 EUROTAS P. HASTINGS, Esq., Detroit. 1851 HARVEY D. KITCHELL, D. D., Detroit. 1851 Hon. CHARLES NOBLE, Monroe.

Indiana. 1851 Hon. JEREMIAH SULLIVAN, Madison. 1862 JOHN G. ATTERBURY, D. D., New Albany.

Illinois. 1845 BAXTER DICKINSON, D. D., Lake Forest. 1851 JULIAN M. STURTEVANT, D. D„ Jacksonville. 1851 Rev. ARATAS KENT, Galena. 1851 ROBERT W. PATTERSON, D. D., Chicago. 1851 W ILLIAM H. BROW N, Esq., Chicago. 1853 Rev. AUGUSTUS T. NORTON, Alton. 1853 DAVID A. SMITH, Esq., Jacksonville. 1853 Rev. W ILLIAM CARTER, Pittsfield. 1853 WILLIAM S. CURTIS, D. D., Galesburgh. 1853 Rev. JOHN W. CUNNINGHAM, Lena. 1860 SAMUEL C. BARTLETT, D. D., Chicago.

Iow a. 1851 JOHN C. HOLBROOK, D. D., Dubuque. 1857 Rev. W. HENRY WILLIAMS, Keokuk. W isconsin. 1851 AARON L. CHAPIN, D. D., Beloit. 1851 ELIPHALET CRAMER, Esq., Milwaukie. 1860 Rev. ENOS J. MONTAGUE; Summit.

CORRESPONDING MEMBERS. Great Britain. Election. 1840 JOHN STEVENSON, D. D. 1840 Rev. GEORGE CANDY. 1843 Lieut. Col. ROBERT ALEXANDER. 1851 Lord STRATFORD DE REDCLIFFE. 1863.] MEMBERS DECEASED OR RESIGNED. 171

CORPORATE MEMBERS DECEASED OR RESIGNED.

[The names under each State are arranged according to the time o f decease or resignation. T h» year is that ending with the annual meetings in September or October.]

D eath or D eath or E lection. M aine. Resignation. Election. Resignation. 1813 JE S S E A P P L E T O N , D. D. 1820 1826 JOHN CODMAN, D. D. 1848 1826 E D W A R D P A Y S O N , D . D. 1828 1832 Hon. S A M U E L T . A R M S T R O N G , 1850 1842 D A V ID D U N L A P , 1843 1826 Hon. LEWIS STRONG, r. 1852 1813 Gen. H E N R Y S E W A L L , 1845 1835 D A N IE L N O Y E S , 1852 1842 W I L L I A M R IC H A R D S O N , 1847 1839 B E L A B. E D W A R D S , D. D. 1852 1842 E L IP H A L E T G IIA .E T T , D . D . 1849 1842 Hon. A L F R E D D. F O S T E R , 1852 1836 L E V I C U T T E R , 1856 1826 JU S T IN E D W A R D S , D. D. 1853 1845 A S A CU M M IN G S, I). D . 1856 1819 L E O N A R D W O O D S , D. D. 1854 1S38 JO H N W . E L L IN G W O O D , D. D. 1860 1821 JO S H U A B A T E S , D. D. 1854 1840 Hon. D A V ID M A C K , 1854 New Hampshire. 1851 Hon. DANIEL SAPFORD, 1856 1812 JO H N L A N G D O N , L L . D . 1820 1840 D A N IE L D A N A , D. D . 185» 1812 S E T H P A Y S O N , D. D. 1820 1823 H E M AN H U M P H R E Y , D .D . 1861 1820 Hon. T H O M A S W . T H O M P S O N , 1822 1838 T H O M A S S N E L L , D . D . 1862 1830 Hon. G E O R G E S U L L IV A N , 1838 1820 JOHN HUBBARD CHURCH, D. D. 1840 Rhode Island. 1842 Hon. M IL L S O L C O T T , 1845 1812 W IL L IA M JON ES. 1842 Rev. ARCHIBALD BURGESS, 1850 1840 Hon. ED M U N D P A R K E R , 1856 Connecticut. 1838 S A M U E L F L E T C H E R , 1859 1810 T IM O T H Y D W IG H T , D. D ., L L . D . 1817 1842 Rev. JO H N W O O D S , 1861 1810 Gen. JEDIDIAH HUNTINGTON, 1819 1810 JOH N T R E A D W E L L , L L . D. 1823 V erm o nt. 1836 H E N R Y H U D SO N , 1843 1818 Hon. C H A R L E S M A R S H , 1849 1819 JOHN COTTON SMITH, LL. D. 1846 1840 W I L L I A M P A G E , 1850 1842 Rev. T H O M A S P U N D E RSO N , 1848 1838 JO H N W H E E L E R , D . D . 1862 1840 D A N IE L D O W , D. D. 1849 1810 C A L V IN C H A P IN , D . D . 1851 Massachusetts. 1848 N A T H A N IE L O. K E L L O G G , 1854 1810 S A M U E L II. W A L L E Y , r. 1811 1823 B E N N E T T Y L E R , D . D . 1858 1810 S A M U E L SP R IN G , D. D. 1819 1851 C H A R L E S J. ST E D M A N ,' 1859 1810 S A M U E L W O R C E S T E R , D. D. 1821 1830 H on.R O G E R M IN O T S H E R M A N .* . 1830 1818 Z E P H A N IA H S W I F T M O O R E ,D .D . 1823 1842 C H A U N C E Y A . G O O D RICH , D. D . 1860 1811 J E D ID IA H M O RSE , D . D . 1826 1852 A B E L M cE W E N , D. D. 1860 1812 Hon. W I L L I A M P H IL L IP S , 1827 1838 Hon. JO SE PH R U S S E L L , 1801 1810 JO SE PH L Y M A N , D. D. 1828 1836 T H O M A S S. W IL L IA M S , L L . D . 1862 1823 E D W A R D A . N E W T O N , r. 1828 1812 Hon. JO H N H O O K E R . 1829 N ew Y o r k . 1812 J E R E M IA H E V A R T S , 1831 1818 Col. H E N R Y L IN C L E A N , 1822 1822 S A M U E L A U S T IN , D. D . 1831 1819 D IV IE B E T H U N E , 1825 1831 ELIAS CORNELIUS, D. D. 1832 1812 JO H N J A Y , L L . D . 1829 1828 B E N JA M IN B. W IS N E R , D. D. 1835 1824 Col. H E N R Y R U T G E R S , 1830 1818 Hon. W IL L IA M R E E D , 1837 1826 C ol. R IC H A R D V A R IC K , 1831 1831 W A R R E N F A T , D . D . r. 1839 1812 E G B E R T B E N S O N , L L . D. 1833 1810 W I L L I A M B A R T L E T , 1841 1822 J O N A S P L A T T , L L . D. 1834 1842 R e v . D A N IE L C R O S B Y , 1843 1826 W IL L IA M M e M U R R A Y , D. D. 1B36 1831 S A M U E L H U B B A R D , L L . D. 1848 1826 JO H N N IT C H IE , 1838 172 MEMBERS DECEASED OR RESIGNED. [Report,

Death or D eath or Election. Resignation. Election. Resignation. 1816 S T E P H E N V A N R E N S S E L A E R , 1826 JO H N L U D L O W , D. D . 1857 LL. D. 1839 1848 C H A R L E S S. W U R T S , r. 1858 1834 E L E A Z A R L O R D , r . 1841 1835 W I L L I A M S P L U M E R , D . D . r. 1859 1832 Z E C H A R IA H L E W I S , 1841 1826 W I L L I A M N E IL L , D. D. 1860 1840 G E R R IT W E N D E L L , 1841 1832 JOHN MCDOWELL, D. D. 1863 1812 JA M E S R IC H A R D S , D. D. 1843 M aryland* 1813 A L E X A N D E R M .P R O U D F IT , D . D . 1843 1834 WILLIAM NEVINS, D. D. 1836 1832 O R R IN D A Y , 1847 1835 W IL L IA M J. A R M S T R O N G , D . D. 1847 District of Columbia. 1843 W A L T E R H U B B E L L , 1848 1819 E L IA S B O U D IN O T C A L D W E L L , 1825 1843 A S A T . H O P K IN S , D. D. 1848 1826 JO SE PH N O U R S E , 1841 1838 H E N R Y W H I T E , D. D . 1850 1842 JO H N W . A D A M S , D . D. 1850 V irg in ia . 1824 D A V ID P O R T E R , D . D . 1851 1823 JO H N H. R IC E , D . D . 1831 1838 D . W . C. O L Y P H A N T , r. 1851 1832 G E O R G E A . B A X T E R , D . D. 1841 1839 E L IP H A L E T W IC K E S , 185J 1826 W I L L I A M M A X W E L L , 1857 1848 E R S K IN E M A S O N , D. D. 1851 1834 T H O M A S P. A T K IN S O N , M .D . r. 1859 1812 H E N R Y D A V IS , D. D. 1852 North Carolina. 1826 N A T H A N IE L W . H O W E L L , L L .D . 1852 1824 P H IL IP M IL L E D O L E R , D . D . 1853 1834 JO SE PH C A L D W E L L , D. D . 1835 1838 E L IS H A Y A L E , D. D . 1853 1834 W . M cP H E T E R S , D . D . 1843 1840 A N S O N G. P H E L P S , 1854 South Carolina. 1840 H IR A M H. S E E L Y E , 1855 1826 M O SES W A D D E L L , D . D. 1840 1836 Rev. H E N R Y D W IG H T . 1857 1826 BE N JA M IN M. P A L M E R , D . D . 1848 1842 C H A R L E S M . L E E , L L . D . 1857 1839 R E U B E N P O S T , D. D. r. 1855 1854 ANSON G. PHELPS, 1858 1846 JA M E S C R O C K E R , 1861 G eorgia. 1826 THOMAS M cAULEY.D. D., LL. D. 1882 1826 JOH N C U M M IN G S, M .D . 1838 1842 HORACE HOLDEN. 1862 1834 T H O M A S G O L D IN G , D. D. 1848 1823 L Y M A N B E E C H E R , D . D . 1863 1834 H on . JO SE PH H . L U M P K IN . 1842 H A R V E Y E L Y , E sq. 1863 1843 E D W A R D RO B IN SO N , D . D . 1863 Tennessee. 1826 CHARLES COFFIN, D. D. New Jersey« 1834 ISAAC ANDERSON, D. D. 1812 ELIAS BOUDINOT, LL. D. 1822 1823 EDWARD DORR GRIFFIN, D. D. 1838 Illin o is. 1812 S A M U E L M IL L E R , ll.D . r . 1839 1821 G ID E O N B L A C K B U R N , D . D . 1839 1825 JA M E S C A R N A H A N , D. D . r. 1849 1826 ARCHIBALD ALEXANDER, D.D. r. 1850 In d ia n a. 1855 F. T . F R E L IN G H U Y S E N , r. 1859 1838 E L I HU W . B A L D W IN , D. D. 1841 1826 T H E O D O R E F R E L IN G H U Y S E N , 1853 S A M U E L M E R R IL L , 1855 L L . D . 1862 1842 CHARLES WHITE, D. D. 1862 I860 Hon. WILLIAM PENNINGTON, 1862 O hio. Pennsylvania. 1832 JAMES HOGE, D. D. r . 1847 1826 R O B E R T G. W IL S O N , I). D. 1856 1812 R O B E R T R A L S T O N , 1836 1834 R O B E R T H. BISHOP, D. D . 1855 1812 ASHBEL GREEN, D. D. r. 184Ü 1851 G A B R IE L T IC H E N O R , 1855 1834 A L E X A N D E R H E N R Y , ' 1847 1845 Rov. H A R V E Y C O E , 1860 1826 S A M U E L A G N E W , M . D. 1850 •1832 C O R N E L IU S C. C U Y L E R , D. D. 1850 M issouri. 1826 T H O M A S B R A D F O R D , 1852 1840 A R T E M A S B U L L A R D , D. D. 1856 1838 M A T T H E W B R O W N , D . D . 1853 1842 E L IP H A L E T W . G IL B E R T , D. D. 1853 'Wisconsin. 1838 T H O M A S F L E M IN G , 1855 1840 R ev. C H A U N C E Y E D D Y , 1861 1863.] MEMBERS OF THE BOARD. 173

HONORARY MEMBERS.

The payment o f ,$50 at one time constitutes a minister, and the payment o f $}100 at one time constitutes any other person, an Honorary Member of the Board. MEMBERS CONSTITUTED SINCE AUGUST 1, 1860. The names of Honorary Members, made such previous to August 1, 1860, were printed in the Report of that year. As members are supposed to preserve the Reports for reference, it will suffice to reprint this list once in five years, thus making a considerable saviug in printing and postage. The reprints will be in the years 1865, 1870, etc.

MAINE. Conant, Rev. J. H., Nashua Agry, Mrs Sarah S. H., Portland Connor, Lucy S., Henniker Anthoine, John N., Biddeford Coolidge, Horace, Fitzwilliam Ayer, Wells W ., Lewiston Davis, Mrs Rebecca A., Concord Beard, Rev Augustus F„ Bath Day, Ellen H., Hollis Boardman, Rev Joseph, Pownal Dodge, Einma, Webster Brooks, Mrs Caroline W ., Portland Dodge, Susan L., Francestown Bucknam, Samuel, Vermouth Dole, Mary H., Concord Budlong, R. A , Lewiston Eastman, Mrs Lucinda B., East Concord Burbank, A. H., Yarmouth Kdwurd, Rev John H., New Lebanon Burbank, E. do Estabrook, Mrs Mary Ann, Concord Burgess, Henry Herbert, Portland Ellis, Atwell C., Sullivan Burnham, William J., Lewiston Furwell, Airs Sarah B., New Boston Clapp, Charles, Jr., Bath Fay, Rev Henry C., Norlhwood Cressey, Mary Croswell, Buxton Fenn, Rev William H., Manchester Cummings, Henry T ., Portland Folsom, Mrs Judith, Exeter Dorrance, Lucretia W ., Kennebunk Furber, Mary K., Portsmouth Drake, Rev S. S., Deer Isle Gage, Abol, Pelham Eastman, Philip, Saco Gaylord, Mrs Juliette F., Fitzwilliam Eastman, Mrs Mary A. do Gilson, Albert A., Brookline Emerson, Rev Charles H., Lee Hart, Mrs Mary E. F., Merrimac Fellows, Mrs F. E., Kennebunk Hubbard, Mrs Faith Wadsworth, Hanover Fernald, Eli, Lewiston Jenkins, William Lord, Fitzwilliam Fessenden, William Pitt, Portland Jewett, Mrs Saruh R.. Hollis Fiske, Rev Perrin B., Bangor Kendrick, James H., Lebanon Higgins, Rov S. C., Turner Kimball, Rev David, Hanover Houston, Rev Hiram, Slockton Kingsbury, Albert, Keene Howard, Oliver Otis, Augusta Kingsbury, Mrs Betsey E., Francestown Howard, Thomas J., Auburn Kingsbury, Charles, Keene Humphrey, Nicholas L., Cumberland Centre Kingsbury, George, do Hyde, Gershom, Bath Knowlton, John, 2d, Portsmouth Jones, Rev Elijah, Minot Ladd, Mrs Hannah, do Jones, William, Scarborough Lawrence, Mrs S. A. S., Amherst Jordan, Rev Eben S., Cumberland Leeds, Rev S. P., Hanover Libby, John, 3d, Scarborough Little, Mrs Aphia C., Webster Loring, Giles, Yarmouth Little, Enorh, do Loring, Rev Joseph, Pownal Locke, William D., New Ipswich Lounsbury, Rev Henry A., Richmond Mack, Daniel, Manchester Means, John, Augusta McLeod, Mis Harriet H., Brentwood Newell, Rev Wellington, Brewer McQuesten, Alvah, Plymouth Palmer, Rev Edward S., Freeport Melendy, Mrs Everline B., Amherst Parris, Mrs Sarah W ., Portland Mellish, Rev John H., Kingston Plumer, John Henry, South Berwick Merriam, Ephiaim, Merrimack * Putnam, Rev George A., Yarmouth Mooney, John, Durham Robie, Rev Thomas S., VVnldoboro’ Morrill, Onlvin, Webster Ross, Rev John A , Now Gloucester Morse, Parker, Chester Shepley, Mrs Myra N., Winslow Newhull, Cyru*, Hinsdale Smith, Rev William A., Rockland Packard, Rev William A., Hanover Stevens, Joseph L., Castine Palmer, Mrs Esther, Concord Tewksbury, Mrs Sarah A., Oxford Payson, Aurin M., Portsmouth Walker, Rev George L., Portland Pickering, Hazen, Concord Warre'n, Mrs Pamelia, do Pike, Rev Gustavus D., Nashua Whitman, Hope D. do Prince, John, Manchester Woodbury, William W . do Richards, Mrs Martha B., Newport Robinson, Mrs Flavilla S., Portsmouth , NEW HAMPSHIRE. Rogers, Frederick W. do Allen, Abner, Lebanon Sanders, Clarendon 31., Concord Anthony, Marcus A., Hancock Sargent, Jacob, Amherst Anthony, Mrs Cynthia, do Seavey, Shadrach, Concord Austin, Eldad, Webster Shedd, John, Hollis Bitllard, John, Concord Sleeper, Joseph G., Concord Barnes. Harry, Henniker Spaulding, Justin White, Atkinson Berry, Rev Augustus, Pelham Smith, Mary Elizabeth, Durham Bixby, William, Francestown Stanley, Richard C., Nashua Blunt, John G., Nashua Stevens, Ezra A., Portsmouth Brooks, Mrs Eliza A., Portsmouth Stock bridge, Theodosia, Hanover Burbank, D. E., W est BoBcawen Tenney, William, Chester Carter, Nathan, Henniker Thompson, Jossph H., Great Fulls

* 174 MEMBERS OF THE BOARD.

Tobev, Mrs Elizabeth A., Durham Samson, Rev Amo9 J., St. Alban« Trask, John, Newport Beaver, Rev Norman, Rutland Turner, David, Lyme Senter, Rov O. S., Berlin Turner, Mrs Phebe K., Lyme Skinner, Darius, Royallon Turner, George, Lyme Skinner, Mrs Wealthy, do Tuttle, Mrs Charlotte, Hancock Smith, Mrs John, St. Albans T yler, Jamos, Pel hum Smith, Mrs Mary G., Montpelier Utley, Rev Samuel, Concord Smith, Mrs Mary A., St. Albaos Wakefield, Albert, Great Falls Southworth, Benjamin F., Benson Webster, Mrs Achsah P., Hanover Spencer, Aurilla, Hardwick Webster, Horace, Portsmouth Spencer, Luke, St. Johnsbury Webster, Mrs Nancy, Concord Stone, Harriet L., Enosburgh Weeks, Jonathan, do Storrs, John S., Burlington Wheeler, Mrs Josiah, Lyndoboro’ Swift, Mrs A . 13., Enosburgh Wheeler, Mrs Marietta R., Merrimac Thompson, Rev Charles W ., Barra Whittemore, Martha S., Fitzwilliam Tracy, Mrs Martha S., Windsor W isgin, Annie E., Stratham Turner, Joseph W ., Cambridge Wilcomb, George W ., Chester Tyler, Ferdinand, Brattleboro’. W ilkins, James, Henniker Van Ness, Ira H. do W orcester, Mary J., Hollis Van Ness, Martha D. do

VERMONT. MASSACHUSETTS. Adams, Arvilla, Enosfourg Abbe, A. J., Abington Adams, Martha, do Abbott, Rev Charles F., Andover Allen, Mrs Sarah B. do Adams, Mrs Harriet B., Franklin Baker, B. N. do Aiken, William A., Andover Bartholomew, Mrs Abigail, Thetford Alden, Mrs Abby 0., South Abington Boardmun, Horace E., West Rutland Alden, Edmund K., Marshfield Brainerd, Mrs Lawrence, Jr., St. Albana Alden, Maria H., Boston Brock, Horatio, Newbury Alden, Sarah B., Randolph Brown, Mrs Mary Fleming, Burlington Allen, Anderson, Holyoke Carpenter, F. R., Lower Waterford Allen, Mrs Harriet J., Boston Chamberlin, A bbie, He&cham Ames, B. F., Kingston Chamberlin, Sarah E. do Ames, James S., Haverhill Chandler, Mrs Lucy F., South Hardwick Ames, Joseph T ., Chicopee Chiukering, Mrs Lucianna, Springfield Appleton, Isaac, Beverly Clark, Lafayette, West Brattleboro’ Arms, George, Chicopee Closnon, Henry, Springfield Averill, John P., Boston Dun forth, Louisa C., Weathersfield Avery, Rev William F., Norwich Delano, Alice Lyman, Hardwick Babson, Emma R., Gloucester Doming, Rev Alonzo Taylor, Bridgewater Bacon, George W ., Newton Deming, Frank, Wells River Bacon, Mrs Maria W ., Essex Downing, Luuien B., Hartford Baker, William K., Springfield Dunklee. Edward, West Brattleboro1 Ball, Mrs Eliza B., Malden Dutton, Edwin L., Hartford Banister, Frances B., Newburyport Edgerton, Philip, Clarendon Barber, Rev William M., South Danvers Fay, Mary C., Hardwick Barber, Mrs Eliza A. do Fitch, Parma, Middlebury Barnard, Mrs George, Framingham Fraser, Rev John, Derby Centre Barnes, Henry L., Medford French, Alvah R-, North Craftsbury Barllet, Mrs Joanna, Newburyport Graham, Mrs Charlotte A., St. Albana Bartlet, Mrs Louisn F., Boston Grout, Rev Henry M., Went Rutland Bartlett, Anna D. W ., Winthrop Hammond, Mrs John, Middlebury Bartlett, Harriot L. do H a r r iB , Rev William J., Brandon Bartlett, I. H., Jr., New Bedford Harris, Mrs Mary, do Barnard, Osgood, Andover Hawley, Mrs Sarah C., Windsor Bayley, Robert, Newburyport Hazen, L. Downer, Newbnry Beals, Rev David, Jr., Chailemont Hazen, William S., Norwich Bean, Rev David H., Dracut Herrick, Mrs Laura C., Cluiendon Bean, Rev David M., Andover Hopkins, Hnrmon D., Montpelier Beckwith, Rev E. G. do Howe, Mrs Emma D., Brandon Beecher, Mrs Lyman, Boston Hutchinson, A. B., St. Joknsbury Belden, Elihu, VVhately Jves, Lydia, Middlebury Bemis, William L., Spiingfield Jameson, Thomas, lrashurgh Bertram, Mrs Mary A , Townsend Johnson, Rev T. Henry, Bethel Bigelow, Abram M., Grafton Keyes, Edward P., Newbury Bird, Rebecca H., Boston Leonard, H. E., Brandon Bissell, Rev E. C., Westhampton Lyman, Job, Burlington Black, Mrs Emeline P., Danvers Morrill, James C., St. Albans Blake, Samuel, Jr., South Abington Merrill, Moses Putnam, do Blake, Ephraim H., Somerville Miller, Rev R. D., Peru Blanchard, Rev E. H., Warwick Murdock, John C., St. Johnsbury Bliss, Rev Charle9 R., South Reading Murray, Mrs Elvira P., Ascutneyvllle Bliss, Luke, Mittineague Newton. Norinan, Hartford Bodwell, Charlotte E., Framingham Page, John B., Rutland Boise, William E., Longmeadow Page, Mrs Mary R. do lioltwuod, Henry L., Lawrence Page, William R. do Borden, Mrs Mary Elizabeth, Fall River Parmelee, Rev M. Payson, Underhill Borden, M. C. D. do Perry, Rev John B., Swanton Borden, S. W. do Piper, Rev C. W ., Bakersfield Borden, W. H. H. do Fond, Rev Benjamin W ., barton Boyd, Samuel, Marlborough Pond, Mrs Mary Austin, do Boynton, Eleazar, Jr., Medford Richards, De Forest, Weathersfield Brackett, Mrs Jane E., Fall River Richards, Jarvis, do Bradley, Benjamin, Boston 1863.] MEMBERS OF THE BOARD.

Bradley, Mrs Jane N., Boston Davis, Benjamin Parker, Newburyport Brayton, Mis Mary Ann, Fall River Davis, Frederick, Newton Brewer, Mary Adams, Springfield Davis, George L., North Andover Brewer, Mrs Sally, Framingham Davis, Mrs Harriet K. do Brewster, Mrs Eliza A., Williamstown Davis, John, Jr., Somerville Briant, Mrs Eenjaniin, Beverly Davis, Joshua. Newton Brierly, Benjamin, Millbury Davis, Rov Peiley B., Sharon Briggs, Clarissa, Cummington Dean, Lucretia D., Fall River Briggs, Edwin, Boston Deano, Charles P., Fitchburg Briggs, Mary B., Newburyport Delano, Walter Lewis, Charlestown Brooks, Rev Charles, Byfield Dickinson, Mrs A . G., Fin boro’ Brooks, Mrs Emelina S., Salem Dickinson, Rev Ilenry A., West Needham Broughton, Henry VY., Jamaica Plain Dickinson, Airs H. It., Granby Broughton, John G., Boston Dickson, Oliver, Somerville Brown, Dauphin, Brimfield Dike, Samuel, Beverly Brown, G eorge, B&rre Dodge, William E. do Brush, Rev Jesse, Westbainpton Do»gett, Rev Thomas, Groveland Buck, Benjamin, Wilmington Dole, David R., Shelburne Buckingham, Joseph P., Chicopee Drake, Mrs Louisa, Boston Burnap, Samuel, Fitchburg Dudley, Paul W bitin, Whitinsville Burnham, Mrs Adelino A., Boston Dunham. Rev I., Westport Burnham, Choate, do Durfee, Mrs Maiy S., Fall River Burnham, John S., Essex Dwinnell, Harriet W ., Millbury Bimage, Mrs Nancy, Boston Eames, Rebecca, Wilmington Bush, John L ., Spencer Eaton, Aaron, Jr., Fitchburg Butler, Joseph, Holyoke Eaton, James H., Lawrence Butman, Charles H., Beverly Eaton, Saruh, Spencer Byington, Spencer, Stockbudge Eaton, S. Rebecca, Framingham Carpenter. Edson, Foxboro’ Eaton, William, Phillipston Carruth, Russell, Phillipston Edwards, Rev J. Brskine, Lancaster Carter, Mrs Elias, Chicopee Falls. Ellis, Mary, South Hadley Carter, T. W ., Chicopee Ellsworth, Rev Alfred A., Milford Chapin, Horace J., Springfield Ely, Harriet E., Newton Corner Chapin, John H. P., South Hadley Emerson, Airs Josophino I)., {Methuen Chapin, William Arms, Springfield Emerson, R. V. C., Newton Chapman, Henry W ., Newburyport Everett, Walter, Charlestown Chapman, Mrs Roxnnna M,, Winchester Farnsworth, Alico, Boston Chase, Charles C., Lowell Fnrnsworth, E7.ru, do Child, Myra B. do Farnsworth, Ezra, Jr do Choate, David, Salem Farnsworth, Mary R. do Choate, Mrs. F. W ., Beverly Farnsworth, George, Groton Church, Sumner U., Middlefield Farnsworth, J. Parker, Boston Clapp, Richard, Montague Fay, Rev S. P., Fall Ri*er Clark, Ansel S., South Hadley Fish, Caroline F. do Clark, Rev Edson L., Dalton Fish, Mrs Eliza A. do Clark, Henry Hooker, Westhampton Fish, Frank L. do Clark, Joshua, Lowell Fish, Julia M. do Clark, Mrs Mary L., Rockport Fish, Rev J. L. A., Webster Clark, Stephen, Sunderland Fisher, Mrs Mary, Medway Clifford, Mrs Martin, Fitchburg Fisher, Mary, Boston Cobb, John S., South Weymouth Fiske, George D., Newburyport Coffin, Mrs Elizabeth A ., Newburyport Fittz, Charles H., East Medway Coffin, Mary E. do Flagg, J. Nelson, Boylston Coffin, M. Lizzie, do Flanders, Mrs Emilie Brown, Boston Coggshall, Henry F., Fitchburg Fletcher, Mrs L. C., Whitinsville Cogswell, Caleb, Essex Flint, Mrs Celestia F., Boston Colby. Charles A., Lawrence Flint, David, Marblehead Cole, Nathan, Marlboro* Flint, Francis, Boston Cole, Nancy G., Fall River Foltz, Daniel V. do Coiman, Jeremiah, Newbury Foster, Eben E., Lawrence Conant, Celeste Josephine, Westford Foster, Rebecca H., Boston Conant, Ezra D., Somerville Foster, Richard, West Newbury Conley, Mrs Lucy A., Boston Frothingham, A. T ., Cambridgeport Cook, Maritta B., Fall River Fuller, George A , Lawrence Cook, Mary, do Furney, Russell S., Chicopee Cook, Mrs Mary A., Dorchester Galloupe, Augustus, Beverly Cooke, John L., Lawrence Gardner, Maria E., Fall River Coolidge, Andrew, Framingham Gaylord, Emerson, Chicopee Coolidge, Mrs Malinda M. H. do Gaylord, James B. do Cooley, Rev Henry E., Newton Gilbert, Mrs George H., Ware Cornwall, Mrs Royal, Springfield Giles, Mary Olive, Gloucester Corthell, William P., South Abington Gillette, Daniel B., Jr., Enfield Coverly, Mrs Ann W ., Boston Goodrich, Rev Chauncey, Hinsdale Cowdin, Mrs Deborah, Fitchburg Goodrich, James H., Charlestown Crocker, James B., Yarmouth Gould, Nathaniel D., Boston Crosby, Judah, Lowell Grassie, Rev Thomas G., Andover Cross, Anna Goodale, Roxbnry Gray, James H., Boston Crowell, Rev Edward P.', Amherst Greeley, Mrs E. H., Methuen Currier, William J., Newburyport Green, Samuel A., Boston Curtis, Mrs Almira J., Boston Greene, Rev Richard G., Brighton Cushman, George H „ North Bridgewater Greenwood, Mrs Hannah, Boston Cutter, Rev Calvin, Dorchester Griswold, Whiting, Greenfield Cutter, Stephen H.. Winchester Gulliver, Lemuel^ Dorchester DavU, Antisa G., Habbardston Hadley, M n Melissa R., Boston 176 ■ MEMBERS OF THE boahd. [Report,

Hale, Samuel, Fitchburg Leonard, Bernard A , Soutbbridge Hallock, M n Elizabeth r., Amherat Leonard, Rev Edwin, Rochester Harlow, Jeise, Plymouth Leonard, Georgs M., Sauthbridge Harris, Mrs John M., Fitchburg Leonard, Gianville, Easthampton Hartwell, Mary Ann, Lincoln Leonard, Moses H. do Haskell, Rev Henry (J., Andover Lincoln, Albert W ., Oakham Huskell, Mrs Mary P., Fitchburg Lincoln, Charles O., Chicopee Hastings, Jane E., Framingham Lincoln, Rev Isaac Newton, Williamstown Hatch, J. A., Boston Lincoln, Mary, Boston Hawks, William A., Williamsburg Lingham, Mary Ann D., Roxbury Hawkes, Winfield S., South Reading Livermore, Albert, Spencer Hayden, Joel, Haydenville Longley, Nymphus, Millbury Haynes, Martha E., Townsend Loud, John W ., Weymouth Healey, Oliver G., youth Abington Lovett, Jonathan H., Beverly Hibbard, Mrs Janette T ., Boston Mann, Cyrus S., Newton Hill, Charles W ., Marlboro’ Manning, Anna F., Boston Hill, Mrs Ruth, Fall River Manning, Jessie G. do Hills, Reuben B., Leicester Marsh, Mrs Abbie S., Spencer Hoadley, Eli S., Easthampton Marsh, John P., Ware Hobart, Isabella Homes, Boston Marvell, Ira, Fall River Hobart, Mary E. do Mather, Frank, Greenfield Hobart, S. Ellen, do Mayo, Henry, Boston Holland, Edward H., Newburyport McLean, Rev. J. K., Framingham Holman, Edwin, Newton M cLean, Mrs J. K . do Homer, Mrs R. B., Brimfield Moans, William G., Andover Hooker, Rev Edward P., Medford Merrium, Jacob H., Fitchburg Houghton, Mrs Sarah J., Boston Merriam, Matthew, Newburyport Houghton, William S. do Merrill, Gyles, Jr., Haverhill Howard, Ada L., South Hadley Miles, Rev James B., Charlestown Howard, Henry, Somerville Mills, Frederick, East Longmeadow Howos, Osborn, Boston Miner, David W ., Ware Howland, Elisha D., Ware Montague, Mrs Sovier P., Granby Howland, Maria, Boston Moody, Samuel D., Boston Hubbard, A., Chicopee Moore, Rev Erasmus D., Newton Hubbard, Abbie F., Concord Morgan, Mrs Thomas A., Beverly Hubbard, Harriet J. do Motley, Ann Elizabeth, Williamstown Hubbard, Charles Eustis, Boston Morrison, George R-, South Reading Hubbell, Rev Henry L., Amherst Morse, Jagon, Brimfield Hull, Isaac D., Now Bedford Morse, Mrs Sophia P. do. Hunting, Asa, Brighton Morton, Nathaniel, Stoughton Huntington, Mary L., Roxbury -Mosman, Nathan, Chicopee Hyde, Mrs Elizabeth S., Ware Mosman, Silas, do Hyde, Honry H. Boston Munyan, John W ., Haydenville Hyde, Lucy B. B. do Nash, John P., Weymouth Hyde, Mrs Sarah B. do Nelson, Mary Ann, Worcester Ives, Thomas H., Haydenville Nettleton, Alpheus, Chicopee Ives, Mrs Relief S. do Newhall, Henry A., Fall River Jefferson, Perry M., Andover Newhall, Katy, do Jenkins, Augustus T., Williamstown Newhall, Sarah B. do Jewell, Ariadne B., Boston Norcutt, Jarvis, North Becket Jewett, David B., Newton Norton, Mrs Ann Maria, Athol Jewett, Rev J. E. B., Pepperell Nourse, B. Alden, Westboro’ Jessup, Mrs Emeline L., Westfield Noyes, Joseph H., Newton Johnson, Luther, Haverhill Odell, Samuel, Beverly Johnson, Mrs Mary F. do Ordway, George Warren, Bradford Johnson, Mary M., North Andover Ordway, Mary Emery, do Johnson, Theron, do Osborn, Abram, Sd, Fitchburg Jones, George H., Newton Osborne, George F., South Danvers Jones, Mrs Elizabeth A., Newburyport Osgood, Mrs Rebecca N., Newburyport Jones, Mary S., Fall River Packard, Elbridge H., North Bridgewater Jones, Robert, Millbury Packard, Simeon, do Jones, Sarah K., Fall River Paine, Arthur R ., Holden Keep, S. Hamilton, Boston Paine, Barzillai, Dorchester Kelley. Mrs George W ., Haverhill Palmer, R e v Charles Ray, Salem Kendall, Mrs Sarah E., Auburn Palmer, Elijah F., Boston Kendall, W illiam, Whitinsville Parish, Charlotte E., Springfield Kent, Barker B., Boston Parker, Mrs Anne M., North Andover Kilbon, Samuel, Longmeadow Parker, Mrs Eliza, Wilmington Kimball, Frances T ., Boston Parker, Rev Horace, Leominster King, John A., Abington Parker, Rev William W., East Cambridge Kingman, Eliza, Boston Parkhurst, Wellington E., Clinton Kittrodge, Mrs Lydia S., Beverly Partridge, John N., Lawrence Knapp, George, Westfield Partridge, William H., Boston Knapp, Mrs Tabitha, Newburyport Patton, Rjbv Moses, Townsend Lackey, Mrs Arispy P., Uxbridge Paul, Henry. Newton Lamson, Edwin, Lowell Pease, Mrs Hattie R., Springfield Lane, Rev James P., East Weymouth Pease, O. E., Granby Laurie, James A ., Andover Peckham, Ruth, Worcester Lawrence, Mrs Curtis, Groton Perry, Baxter E., Medford Lawton, Rev Sanford, Longmeadow Phelps, Benjamin, North Becket Leavitt, Hart, East Charlemont Phippen, J.. Hardy, Salem Lee, Rev Samuel H., North Bridgewater Pierce, Mrs Harriet A , Fall Biver Lefavor, Mrs Nancy C., Beverly Pierce, Lvnthia J., Winchester Lefavor, Mrs Nanty L., Jr. do Pierce, Sylvester G. . do 1863.] MEMBERS OF THE BOARD.

Pitkin, Charles Lew!*, Boston ] Stoddard, Henry B., Northampton Plummer, Israel, Whitinsville ! Stowell, Myron E., South Deerfield Pomoroy, Rev Jeremiah, Charlemont , Strickland, William P., Ware I’omeroy, William M., Springfield ! Siurtcvant, Earl, North Bridgewater Poole, Mrs Susan H., Wilmington Sumner, Mrs Elizabeth A., Newbury port Poole, William, Rockpoit Sumner, John, do Potter, Mrs Edward, Braintree Sweetsor, Mrs Elizabeth C. do Pratt, Daniel, Abington Swift, Elijah, Falmouth Pratt, Sally, Fitchburg Tatlnck, Hev John, South Adams Preston, Samuel, Danvers j Taylor, Goorge S., Chicopee Proctor, John, Townsend Taylor, Henry, Buckland Putnam, James P., Fitchburg Teele, Rev Albert K., Milton Putnam, Mrs Susan 11., Danvers Tenney, Mis Joanna S., Manchester Putnam, Rufus, do Thacher, Mrs Mary C., Glnuuesier Reed, Josiah, South Wevmouth Thompson, Edmund N., AVarehnm Reed, Mrs Sarah W ., Wrhutely Thompson, Mis Elizabeth, Roxbury Richardson, Charles M., Salem Thurston, .Mrs Abel, Fitchburg Richardson, Ebenezer C., Ware Thurston, Mrs Dorothy P., Newburypoil Richmond, Hannah S., Newton Todd, William L\, Newburyport Richardson, Rev Henry J., Lincoln Tolman, Jane C., South H ii(Iley Richardson, Mrs Mary II., East Cummingtou Tolman, Stephen, Jr., Dorchester Ripley, Mrs Ernily B., Ruvalslon Townsend, Elizubeih A., Newburyport Rohbins, Nathaniel C., Salem Trusk, Joshua P., Gloucester Robinson, Elizabeth I)., Falmouth Tra*k, O liver, Beverly Rogers, Mrs Olivet S., Worcester Treat, Charles Russell, Boston Rolfo, George, Newburyport Trow, C. Gilman, Sunderland Root, Thomas P., Barre T row , Mrs W . M ., Ha) den villa Rugg, George H., Oambridgeport Trowbridge, Otis, Newton Russell, Mis Melinda, South Brookfield Tucker, Rev Joshua T., Holliston Saflfurd, Martha J., Beverly Tuckei, Stillman L., Milion Sago, Mrs Cynthia, Ware Tufts, Charles, Andover Salisbury, Mrs Muiy E., Uxbridge Tuttle, Thomas S., Littleton Sanderson, Mrs Lucy S., Whately Tuttle, Rev William G., Ware Sanford, Mrs A . D., Medway Vaughan, Charles, Cambridge Sanford, Daniel, W'are Vinii>g, William O., East Longraeadow Sawyer, Asa, Fitchburg Vinson, S. W illard, Dorchester Sawyer, Edmund H., Easthnmpton Vinton, Eliza A., Boston Scudder, Mrs Duvid C., Auburndale Waldo, John, do Scott, Maria, Uxbridge Wales, Elizabeth A , Dorchester Seeley, Rev Raymond II., Haverhill Ward, Daniel, Worcester Seeley, Mrs Fanny B. do Ward, Edwin, Enfield Seeley, Jennie D. do Ward, John, Newton Centre Seelye, Rev Julius H , Amherst Ward, Mrs Mary F., Lowell Sewall, Benjamin, Newton Ward, William H., Boston Shapleigh, John H., Boston Warner, William, South Deerfield Shapleigh, S. C. do Warren, Mrs Betsey, Fitchburg Shattuck, Lucy B , Andover Warren, Rufus E., Grafton Shattuck, Mrs Mary Frances, Lowell Washburn, Miles, Lenox Furnace Shearer, Leonard B., Cambridgeport Waters, Eliza, Millbury Shedd, Mrs Mary H., Abington Webster, Andrew S., Boston Sheldon, Mrs Susan C., Wilmington Webster, Mrs Helen R. do Shumway, Mrs Patience, West Medway Webster, Mrs J. B., Amesbury Mills Skilton. Mrs Emily M., Wilmington West, Maiy Lillie, Framingham Sm all, Samuel, Jr.. Boston Weston, Mary F., Lincoln Smith, Mrs AbbyB., Templeton Wheeler, Rev W . F., Westford Smith, Rev Charles B., Concord Whipple, William, Rockport Smith, Mrs Cynthia M., Boston Whitcomb, G. Henry, Worcester Smith, Edward, Fitchburg Whitcomb, Ellen M. do Smith, Elihu, Sunderland Whipple, John W ., Sutton Smith, Mrs Eunice Brewer, Springfield White, Aaron L., Medway Smith, Francis Lyman, West Roxbury White, John, Whately Smith, J. Ford, Salem Whitin, Mrs Catharine H., Whitinsvill» Smith, Mrs Loraine A., Enfield Whitin, James F. do Smith, Lucinda, Boston Whitin, Paul, do Sm ith, Mrs L ucy, do Whitin, Mrs Sarah J. do Smith, Lucretia W., Andover Whitin, Mrs Sarah R. do Smith, Mary F., North Andover Whiting, Henry L., West Newton Smith, Richard Baxter, West Roxbury Whitman, Caroline H-, South Abington Smith, Susan W ., Boston Whitney, Samuel, Fitchburg Snow, Barna Smith, do Wilder, Frank B., Boston Snow, Carrie M. do Wilder, Mrs Hannah F., Worcester Snow, Franklin, Jr. do Willcox, Rev William H., Reading Southworth, Mrs William S., Lowell Wilkins, Stephen, Danvers Spaulding, Ephraim, Townsend Wilson, Benjumin F., Framiugham Spaulding, John, do Wilson, Mrs Deborah A. do Stearns, Mrs Justin, Fitchburg Winslow, Joseph W ., Easthampton Stearns, Richard H. Boston W ood, Artemas, Groton Stearns, Mrs Louisa M. do Wood, Edward A. do Stednmn, Phineas, Chicopee W ood, Mrs Mary C , Fitchburg Stetson, Caleb, Braintree W ood, Newell, Millbury Stetson, Mrs Eliza Ann, South Abington W ood, Rev Pliny, Webster Stevens, Ellen Frances, Boston W ood, Mrs Samuel F., Middlesex Village Stickney, Mrs Mary H., Lowell Woodbury, Luther, Beverly Stockwell, Leander, Grafton Woodbury, William 6 . do 16 178 MEMBEBS OF THE BOARD. [Report,

Woodcock, Mrs Lucius, Leicester Cheseborough, Mrs A. C., Glastenbury W oods, Harding, Earre Churchill, Sarah C., New Haven W o o d s, John P. do Clapp, Edward T., Norwich Woodward, Samuel N., Newton Clark, Maria, Farmington Wright, Caroline, Townsend Clark, Thomas G., Canterbury Wright, Luther A., Boston Coit, George M.. Hartford Wyman, William G., Fitchburg Cook, John W. do Cowles, Ruel P., New Haven RHODE ISLAND. Clark, Thomas G., Canterbury Andrews, James, Slatersville Crane, Eliza A. Hartford Beach, Isaac N., Providence Curtis, Mrs Caroline L. do Bradford, William H. do Curtis, Mrs Harriot, Norwich Burdick, Dexter R., Slatersville Curtis, Peter P., Stratford Cady, Isaac F., Warren Curtis, Samuel E. do Corliss, George F., Providence Cutler, W . W ., New London Corliss, Maria L. do Danielson, Hezekiah L., Danielsonville Drake, John B., Slatersville Deming, Levi, Newington Drake, Mrs Martha, do Denison, Rev Daniel, Portland Fisher, Mrs Jane, do Dickerman, J. Porter, New Haven Goff, Lyman B., Pawtucket Dickerman, Mrs Julia A. do Greene, William R., Providcnce Dorman, Rev. Lester M., Manchester Lew is, George VV., Barrington Dorman, Mrs Susan A. do Mansfield, Mary, Slatersville Dutton, Rev Thomas, Ashford Olney, James H ., Providence Edgar, Mrs Susan, East Hartford Sayles, Mrs Mary A., Pawtucket Elliot, Mrs Thomas, Thompson Sayles, William F. do Emmons, Aaron E., Westchester Sheldon, Rev Stewart, Central Falls Fabrique, Mrs Hannah J., New Haven Sherman, Frederick, Pawtucket Farnum, William II., Morris Slater, Elizabeth Ives, Slatersville Fellowes, Francis, Hartford Slater, Helen M. do Fitch, John L. do Slater, John W. do Fitch, Mrs Marin, Montville Tabor, Samuel O. do Fitch, Sarah, do Tabor, Stephen H., Providence F itch , Mrs S. A ., Salem Taft, Elias, Slatersville Foote, Andrew H., New Haven Thomas, Charles L., Providence Fowler, Wallace G., Stafford Springs Tiffany, Hezekiah, Barrington Fox, Mrs Eliza F., Jewett City Tifft, Rufus W ., Slatersville Francis, Cyrus W ., Plantsville FroBt, Daniel, Canterbury CONNECTICUT. Gates, Edward L., Colchester Allen, William E., Hartford Gilbert, Horace, Pomfret Alexander, Rev Walter S., Pomfret Gill, Frederick W ., Hartford Atwater, Mrs Jason, New Haven Glidden, Rev K. B., Enfield Atwater, Rev William W ., Prospect Goodrich, Cyprian, Kensington Atwood, Julia Tyler, Mansfield Centre Grant, Rev S. B., New London Bacon, William (3., Danielsonville Graves, Hannah C., Thompson Baird, Rev John G., Centre Brook H aile, Ashfael B., N orw ich Baldwin, Rev E. C., Bethel Haile, Mrs Mary H. do Baldwin, William J., Cheshire Hall, Alfred R., Hartford Barnes, Rev. Henry E., Plnntsville Hallock, Rev William A., Gilead Barrows, Phares, Mansfield Centre Hart, Nathan, Jr., W est Cornwall Bartholomew, Jane A., New Britain Haskell, Thomas R., Windsor Locks Bevin, Abner G., East Hampton Hawley, Ebenezer, Ridgefield Bevin, Chauncey, do Holbrook, 8. T ., Norwich Bishop, Mrs Eber J., Madison Holmes, Mrs Anna B., Mystic Bridge Blakeman, Gould, Stratford Holmes, Mrs Ellen L., East Hartford Blakeman, Phebe, do Holmes, Rev Theodore J. do Bond, Henry R., Norwich Howe, Rev E. F., South Canaan Bond, Mrs S. A. W . do Hubbard, Ebenezer G., Middletown Booth, William S , New Britain Hubbell, W illiam S., North Stonington Boss, Rev Thomas M., New London Hull, Henry, Klllingworth Bourn, Allen, Hartford Huntington, Henry S., Norwich Boyd, Mrs Jeruslia, W est Winsted Huntington, Nancy L. do Brainerd, Lucy A., Hartford Hutchison, Rev William, New Haven Brannard, Mrs Anna Maria. Lyme Hyde, Mrs Ellen W ., Stonington Brewer, Rev Fisk P., New Haven Hyde, Rev Henry F., Danielsonville Bridgman, W illiam S., Hartford Hyde, Joel W ., North Greenwich Brooks, Rev Edward F., Mansfield Jennings, Miranda D., North Coventry Brown, Roswell W ., Hartford Johnson, Charles C , Norwich Browne, Mrs William S., Derby Jones, Ebenezer, Ridgefield Buckland, Henry B., New Britain Jones, Rev Franklin C., Franklin Bunce, Lewis E., Manchester Jones, Rev Henry W , Hadlyme Bunce, William H. do Keeler, John, Ridgefield Bunwell,',William R., Bridgeport Keep, Robert Porter, Hartford Burrows, Silas E., Mystic Keep, W illiam A . do Bushnell, Rev George, Waterbury Kellogg, Mrs Julia S., Vernon Butler, Horace, New Britain Knapp, Charles W ., Stamford Calkins, Rev Wolcott, Hartford Knight, Clarinda E., Thompson CaproD, Mrs Eunice M. do Lane, Mrs Abner, Killingwortb Carpenter, Rev Charles S., Birmingham Learned, Mrs Nancy, New London Carter, Calvin H., Waterbury Learned, Francis C. do Carter, Franklin, do Learned, Walter, do Case, Ellen M., Hartford Lee, Angeline M., Bozrahville Chandler,' James, Stafford Springs Little, William B., Columbia Chapin, William W ., Somers Livermore, Mrs Mary G., Lebanoa " 1863.] MEMBERS OF THE BOARD. 179

Loomis, Rev Alba P., Coventry Tuttle, Mrs Lucy E., Guilford Lons, Mrs Elizabeth H., Mystic Bridge I Walker, Rev Avery S., Rockville Mallory, Mrs Ann K. do Warner, Mrs Fanny, Plymouth Hollow Mallory, Franklin O. do Webster,.Claudius B., Norwich Mather, Mrs Laura, Windsor Wells, Joseph, Southport McLaughlin, Rev U. T. T., Sharon Wetherby, Rev Charles, North Cornwall McLellan, John G. I)., Southport Wheeler, Rev John C., Portlaud Mead, Aaron B., Hartford Whiton, Mis Mary E. B., New Haven Mowry, Mrs E. L., Norwich Whittlesey, George W ., Norwich Mowry, James D. do Wickes, Henry, Deep River M urfey, R ev E . L)., East Avon Wicken, Mrs Elizabeth F. do. Narramore, Robert C., Birmingham Willard, Daniel H., Newington Nichols, Samuel A., Fairfield Willard, Mrs Maria D. do North, Mrs Frederic H., New Britain ! Williams, Mrs Anna B., Stonington North, Hubert F. do | Williams, Mrs Charles P. do Northend, Charles, do Williams, Charlos S., Hartford Paine, Rev Levi L., Farmington I W olcott, Rev John M., South Britain Parker, Edward P., Plymouth Hollow i Woodruff, Lucius, Now Britain Peck, Benjamin M., Watertown ! Woudworth, Rev Horace P., Hebron Peck, Elizabeth G., Bristol Peck, Rev Whitman, Ridgefield : NEW YORK. Peckham, J. M., Lebanon ! Acker, Rev Henry J., Amity Peet, Jane S., Bristol ! Addy, Rev William, Windham Perry, Hattie H. Southport ! Aiken, Chatlos, Brooklyn Perry, Henry Hoyt, do I Aiken, John F., New York city Perry, Winthrop Hoyt, do ! Aikmun, Charles, Brooklyn Pitkin, James R., Manchester Allen, Marsena, Mt. Morris Pitkin, Maria G., Hartford I Andrews, Ethan A., New York city Plant, John, Branford i Andrews, Horace, Jr. do Porter, Isaac G., New London j Andrus, Lucius C., Brooklyn Porter, Lucy A., Willimantic : Andrus. Mrs Mary A. do Rice, Mrs Parnella S., Stamford Annin, j. V. W.,Buffalo Richardson, Leander, Columbia Atwater, Julia L ., Brooklyn Ripley, Mary IX, Norwich Avery, Mrs Maria, Watervillo Risley, Stephen G., Rockville Ball, William, Lansingburg Robinson, Arthur, New Haven Barnard, Marin L., Mulone Robinson, Rev Charles E., Woodbury Barnes, Alfreds., Brooklyn Robinson, Ernest, New Haven Barstow, Rev Charles, Smyrna Rogers, Frances, Mystic Bridge Barrett, James M., Cornwall Root, Judsiin H., Hartford Barrows, Mis C. F., Cooperstown Root, Nathaniel, Jr., Noith Coventry Bassett, Benjamin F., Brooklyn Rowell, Mary, Hartford Beals, H. S., Angelica Rose, E. Kellogg, Rockwell Beaumont, IUv J. B., Olenn Sage, Bathshcba, Guilford Beoc.her, Mrs Lydia, Brooklyn Sage, Clarissa 1. do Belcher, Mrs Susan, Cherry Valley Sage, Mrs Henry E., Portland Belden, Rev William, New York city Sanger, George, Canterbury Bell, George A., Brooklyn Scott, William, North Manchester Benedict, Charles, Sherburne Seelye, Mrs Abigail, Bethel Bergen, George W ., Brooklyn Seelye, Elizabeth B. do Berger, Rev Martin L., MellenviUe Shailler, John E., Deep River Bets, Amy E. New York city Sherwood, Abel, Southport Botts, Samuel R., Jr. do Sill, Horace L. Lyme Betts, Mrs Caroline A. do Sill, Mrs Horace L., do Bingham, Rev Joel F., Buffalo Slater, Marianna II., Norwich Bishop, Albert G., New York city Smith, Charles H., East Windsor Hill Blakevlee, Mrs Emeline C., Coventry Smith, Rev. George M., Rocky Hill Blakeslee, John Calvin, do Smith, Mrs Mary M., Unionville Blinn, Rev H. G., Cohoes Smith, Sidney, Plainvillo Boardman, Mary Alida, Rome Snowden, Rev R. B., Montville Booth, William T., New York city Southwortli, Jabez, Deep River Bowers, Catharine R., Brooklyn Spencer, Julia M., East Hartford Bowers, Mrs Elizabeth H. do Spencer, Sarah C., Naugatuck Bowers, Emma E. do Spring, Lucia, East Hartford Bowers, Josephine O. do Stanley, Mrs Cordelia H., New Britain Bowers, Margaret P. do Steen, William J., Hartford Bowers, William C. do Sticknev, Frank Hale, Rockville Boynton, John H. do Strong, Erastus, Portland Boynton, Mis Theodosia, do Swill, George, Mansfield Centre Brainard, Mrs O. V., Watertown Swift, Persia, Derby Brayton, Edward S., Utica Talcott, Alfred K., Vernon Bray’ton, John McK., Westernville Talcott, Mrs Electa, Glastenbury Bridgman, Brastus C., New York city Talcott, Mrs H. W ., Vernon Depot Bronson, Arthur, do Talcott, Mary R., Hartford Bronson, Theodore Bailey, do Taylor, John Alden, Middletown Brown, Horace I., Auburn Terry, Mrs Jane S., Willimantic Brown, Rev H. W ., Lyons Thomas, P. G., Lebanon Buell, Rev A. J., Jefferson Thompson, Sarah Elizabeth, East Windsor Hill. Buell, Mrs Lucinda N., Sherburne Thomson, Harriet, Farmington Bull, Hetty, New York city Tiffany, Rev C. C., Derby Burgess, Rev Chalon, Panama Tiffany, Frederick A., Hadlyme Burnside, Ambrose Everett, New York city Tracy, John R., Jewett City Burton, Mrs Harriet J., Gloveravilie Tracy, W allace, Stafford Springs Butler, Benjamin F., New York city Turner, John Manly, Rockville Calkins, D. O., Brooklyn 1 8 0 MEMBERS OF THE BOARD. [Report,

Camp, George H., Jr., Sacketl’s Harbor Hart, Timothy E., Candor Camp, Harnet H., Hudson Hasting«, W aitstill, Brooklyn Camp, Samuel K., Brooklyn Hatch, Bethuel H., Sherburne Camp, Mrs Sarah W. do Hayward, Rev William H., Candor Carter, l’eter, New Y ork city Hazeltine, Rev Henry M., Sherman Clark, Milton, Watertown Herrick, Mary B., Malone Clark, Richard P., New York city i Hickok, Rev Heniy, Vernon Clark, Seth, Buffalo ! Hoadley, David, New York city Clarke, Samuel T. do 1 Hubble, John, Cazenovia Clarke, Rev William, Cazenovia | House, Harry S., Malone Cobh, Nathan, Syracuse t ! Hoylu, George V., Champlain Cockelt, Mrs James, Cooperstown Hoyt, John B., Masonville C ob, George S., Brooklyn Hoyt, William D., Coventry Comstock, Marcus L., buffalo Hungerford, Fannie E., Watertown Corning, Anson R., New York city Hungerford, Sextus H., Westfield Corning, Christopher Robert, do Hurd, H. H., Utica Corning. Jane Robert, do Hutchings, Mrs Lucy, Brooklyn Cotes, Eliza B. Springfield (sham, Samuel, New York city Cotes, Hattie B. du Ives, Stephen, Batavia Cotes, Maria Bronson, do Ives, William, Buffalo Couch, Hiram, Wostfield Janes, Erastus, Meridian Craig, James, Utica Johnson, Jane 12., Utica Crittenden, Rev I. N., Pittsford Johnston, J. II., New York city Crosby, Amos, Cambria Jones, Catharine, Penn Yan Culver, Mis Sarah H., Hopkinton Jones, Rev John, Geneseo Curtenius, John L., liull'alo Kellogg, David H., Jr., Spuyten Duyvil Curtis, Henry M., Sherburne ICetchum, A . K., buffalo Curtis, Mrs Harriet E. do Ketchum, Treadwell, New York city Curtiss, William R., Norwich Kimball, Amanda, Leyden Daufurth, Loring, Buffalo Kimball, Rev Joseph, Brockport Davis, Willard G., Dunnsville King, Howard E., Malone De W itt, Rev Abner, Hoosiuk Falls King, Peter Wateibury, Athons Dexter, Rev H. H., Batavia King, William, Malone Dick, Eliza, New York city ! King, Mrs Mary H., do Dickinson, William G., Malono i Kirk, Abram, Albany Dike, Henry A., Brooklvn Kneeland, E. Y., Buffalo Dix, John D., Staten Island Lansing, Mrs Robert, Watertown Dixon, Joseph R., Homer Lalhrop, Charles, Sherburne Dixon, Mrs. Eliza A. do Lathrop, Mrs Louisa N., do Dodge, Cleveland Hoadley, New York city Lawson, Geoige, Ulica Dodge, W. Earle, do Lester, Andrew, New York city Doolittle, Rev Charles, Nassau Levorett, Josiah, do Doolittle, Rev Hoiace D., Wappenger Falls l^ewis, Abram C., Malone Doolittle, Mary J., Utica Livingston, Rev Charles, Auburn Douglass, George, New York city Lockwood, Theodosia D., Binghamton lJusgan, Mrs Louisa, Brooklyn Lumbard, Philip, Woterville Dye, Rev Charles, Romulus Ludlow, Edmund A., Staten Island Eitou, Christina L., Palmyra Ludlow, Henry G., 2d, Waterford Earle, Fanny A., Springfield Man, Ellen M., Malone Eastman, Rev William K., New York city Manchester, Francis O., Utica Edwards, J. Augustus, Skaneateles Marquand, Henry G., New York city Ely, Ezra S., Fredonia Maxwell, Mrs Caroline E., Geneva Ely, E. Sterling, Chicktawaga Maxwell, Mrs Puells, do Ely, Mrs Theresa N. do McCarthy, Rev Charles W ., East Pembroke Enos, DeWitt C., Brooklyn McCurdy, Richard A., New York city Estes, Nathaniel, Utica McEwen, Robert, Buffalo Eveits, Rev Josiuh G., Havana McKinney, Charles, Binghamton Farr, Mrs K. P., Greene McLaren, John, Gloversville Ferguson, James, Ovid McNulty, Rev Joseph M., Montgomery Fenis, Mrs Elvira M. K., Brooklyn Mead, Frederick, Jr., New York city Fine, Rev Lambert S., Ordensburg Merriam, Mrs B. W. do Fisher, Henry, Brooklyn Merriam, Henry E. do Fitch, Abijnh, Auburn Monroe, Elbert Brinckerhoff, do Foote, Harriet, Norwich Morehouse, W illiam, Buffalo Fowler, Mary, New Yoik city Moses, Rev John C., Dundee Freeman, Samuel H., Albany Mowry, Haviluh, Brooklyn Freeman, Mrs Sarah H. do Myers, Catharine Wright, Whitehall Gallup, J. C., Clinton Nassau, Rev Joseph E., Warsaw Gardner, Rev Edward P., Buffalo Nims, O. L., Buffalo Gardner, James T., Troy North, Martha B., Attica Gibbs, Rev Samuel T., Aquebogue Notman, Peter, Brooklyn Gillett, Rev Ezra H., Harlem Noyes, Mrs Julia F., New York city Gillette, Rev M. B., Óoon vi lie Noyes, Mrs William Curtis, do Gilman, Mrs Eliza, New York city Oakley, Charles Magic, Brooklyn Goodrich, Mrs Margaret, Utica Oakley, Mrs Marv E. do Goodrich, Susan, do Paine, John A., Utica Goodwin, Daniel B., W ateiville Parish, Helen F., Elmira G oodw in, Mrs Daniel B. do Parke, J. Henry, Whitehall Goss, Albert H., Auburn Parmelee, D. L., Aurora Graves, Joseph, Niagara Falls Parsons, Rev Levi, Jr., Mt. Morris Guthrie, S. S., Buffalo Parsons, Samuel L., Brooklyn Hall, W . W ., New York city Paul, CharleB, Hudson Harper, Mrs Eliza, do Pease, Mrs Martha H., Rochester Harris, William H., Brooklyn Phelps, Mary Ayres, New York city ' 1863.] MEMBERS OF THE BOARD.

Pieraon, Rev Arthur T ., Binghamton VVaith, R ev W illia m , Lancaster Post, Julia, New York city Waldo, Rev Daniel, Geddos Post, Mary L. do W ard, Rev Joaiuh Jerome, Oneida Lake Post, Mrs Fanny S., Warrensburgh Ward, Rev William H., Utica Fotwin, Rev Thomas S., Franklin Watson, John, New York city Prince, Mrs Sophronia, Brooklyn Wead, S. C., Malone Quackeobush, Benjamin V., Uoosick Falls Webb, James A., New York eity Quincy, Kate A., Now York city Weir, Mrs Margaret, Brooklyn Ransom, Warren A. do Welch, J. Edwuril, do Read, J. H. do Wells, Mrs Frances, New York city Reed, Mrs. Sarah M., Auburn Wells, John E., Utica Reove, Rev John B., New York city Wesson. Elijah B., New York city Robinson, Oriin, Elmira White, Belinda M., Westeruville Robinson, Rev Charles S., Brooklyn White, Isaac D., Buffalo Robert, Ann Maria, New York city Whittemore, Frederick W ., New Yoik city Robert, Christopher R. do Whittemore, l.uura, do Robert, Frederick, do Whittemore, William J. do Robert, Howell W. do W icks, Charles, Brockport Russell, Rev Daniel, Pike Wickes, Annie Lincoln, Brooklyn Saxe, Rev George G., New York city Wilder, Lyman, Uoosick Full* Saxton, Edwin S. do Willcox, Mrs Lucy, Oxford SchiefHin, Fanny K. do Windoes, Lizzie, Gloversville Schieffelin, Mary B. do W rage, Kev 11., Yonkers Schieffelin, Mrs Sarah M. do Wright, Charles C., New York city Scovel, Rev Dwight, Lakeville Wright, Edward B. do Scovell, Oliver P., Lewiston WyckofT, Rev Samuel, do Scovell, Thomas, Cambria Young, Jacob, Greenport Scovillo, Rev Samuel, Norwich Shaw, Rev Augustus C., Rochester NEW JERSEY. Shaw, Ezra D., South Cortland Allen, Mrs Caroline C., Dover Shepard, Augustus D., Now York city Bacon, Rev George B., Orange Valley Skinner, Rev James A., Clinton Baldwin, Airs Amanda. New ark Smith, Mrs Chailes W ., Cooperbtown Brewster, Rev James F., Chester Smith, H. S., Gloversville Brown, Mrs Eliza L., Plainfield Smith, Mrs Mary Ann, do liyruni, John, Jr., Morristown Smith, Rev James C., Oneida Lake Coe, Abby, Newark Smith, Rev William T., New York Chapman, Mrs Sarah M., Nowark Smithers, Alfred, Brooklyn Chetwood, Francis B., Elizabeth Snow, Mrs Catharine E., Brooklyn Crittenden, Mrs Jane F., Dover Stanton, Edmund D., New York city Depue, David A., Belvidere Starr, Rev Fredeiick, Jr., Penn Yan Dodd, Maria Bloomfield Slello, Oliver, Brooklyn Dodd, Mrs Sophia, do Stoddard, Rev Elisha W ., Angelica Ensign, Edward H., Orange Stokes, Anson G. Pbelps, New York city Feagles, Rev R. S., Mendham Stokes, James B. do French, Rev Edward W ., Bergen Stokes, Thomas, do Gallagher, Miss C., Bloomfield Stokes, William E. Dodge, do Gullaglier, Joseph I). do Stokes, Elizabeth James, do Gallagher, Luther C. do Stokes, Olivia Pbelps, do Gould, Stephen G., Newark Stokes, Dora Lamb, do Haley, Rev Charles T. do Stokes, Caroline Phelps, do Hulsey, Rev S. P., Rockaway Stokes, Elizabeth J. do Harrison, Anna C., Newark Stone, Edwin. Brooklyn Harrison, Henry J. do Sumner, Mrs Hester A., New York city Harrison, Mary T. do Sweetman, Joseph, D. D., Charlton Hubbell, Algernon S. do Sweetser, Howard Peck, New York city Jacobus, Cornelius I. do Sweetser, Mrs J. Howard, do Johnson, Rev Alonzo P., Norwich Swezey, Daniel B., Panama Johnson, Hannah B., Newark Taylor, Rev J. C., Penn Yan Le Fevre, William B., Dover Taylor, Rov James H., New Rochelle Linn, Henrietta L., Deckertown Taylor, James R., Brooklyn Magie, Rev David, Jr., Mendham Thompson, Mrs Harriet N., Ogdensburg Mersercan, Jacob, Newark Thomson, Henry E., New York city Millard, Rev Nelson, Mont Clair Thompson, John R., Oswego Mills, Lyman Allen, Newton Thompson, Mrs Mary J., Oswego Nickles, Mrs Marv W ., Newark Thomson, William H., New York city Noble, Maria T., Plainfield Timms, Theodore, Utica Pierson, Jonathan, Newark Timms, Mr» Theodore M. do Price, Aaron O. do Todd, Rev George N., Candor Roney, George, Belvidere Tracy, Charles, New York city Stiles, John, Deckertown Tracy, Edward H. do Stiles, M. C. do Tracy, Phineas L., Batavia Talcntt, Cornelia B., Jersey City Tracy, William, Now York city Tuttle, Joseph N., Newark Trask, Charles H., Jr. do Wickes, Eliza P., Orange Treadwell, Ada C., Brooklyn Wickes, Mary H. do Treadwell, Florence P. do Treadwell, Walter E. do PENNSYLVANIA. Twombly, Edward Lambert, Albany Adams, Rev Ezra E., Philadelphia Underwood, Mrs Charlotte, Auburn Boyd, George J. do Van Blarcom, A. L., Brooklyn Few, Mrs Alice, Carhondale Van Ness, Nehemiah, Watertown Gest, John B., Philadelphia Van Valkenburgh, Mrs Daniel, Springfield Hildeburn, W. L. do Van Valkenburgh, Mary T. do Hoff, Mary Ann, Reading Wager, Charlotte S., Westernville Hoffman, F. J., Lewiston 182 MEMBEBS OF the boabd. [.Report

Janewav, Jacob J., Philadelphia Riley, Mr* Julia, Troy Jordan, Peter A. do Roots, Jennie U., College Hill Pitkin, Horace W. do Ro9siter, Rev Francis Z., Huron Rayner, Rev James W ., Springfield Sage, Flora, Cincinnati Robbing. Rev Frank L ., Philadelphia Saxton, John, Canton Hoot, William, Curbondale Scheaermann, Rev Leon hard t, Cleveland Snyder, Rev Alfred S., Germantown Scott, Rev Hugh B., Paddy’s Run Trudick, B. T ., Philadelphia Seymour, Charles, Hudson Turner, Charles P. do Shuey, John H., Oxford Ward, Rev Elias O., Bethany Smith, Rev John F., Lebanon Wartbman, Anthony M., Philadelphia Smith, Josiah Remick, Columbus Hmith, Sarah L. do DELAWARE. Spees, Rev S. G., Dayton Cann, Rov Thomas, Wilmington Stevens, A. C., Euclid Hull, Mrs Harriet, do Sturtevant, Bradford, Ruggle* Johnson, Mrs Ellen B. do Talbot, Rev Benjamin, Columbus Thome, Rev James A., Cleveland DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. Tucker, Rev E. R., Defiance Lincoln, Abraham, Washington Upson, William H., Akron Noble, Rev Franklin, do Vance, Rev James E., Chatham Centre Walcott, Lemuel P., Tallmadge VIRGINIA. W ales, Theron, Windham Turner, Charles II., Richmond Wallace, M. H., College Hill Turner, Julia E. do Warner, George H., Cincinnati Woodbury, D. T., Columbus NORTH CAROLINA. Wright, Rev James R., Ridg6ville Corners Ponland, Rev Alfred M., Ashville INDIANA. GEORGIA. Abbott, Rev Lyman, Terre Haute Hardee, John L., Savannah Armel, Daniel, Aurora Barues, Julius, La Porte TENNESSEE. Bushnell, Rev Horace, Jr., Allensville Cameron, Jamas, Chattanooga Hubbard, Lewis M., Indianapolis Hubbard, Sarah M . do M ISSO U R I. Hubbard, William H. do Sturtevant, Rev J. M., Hannibal Jackson, Mrs Martha, do Lewis, Mrs Emeline, La Porte OHIO. Lord, Rev Nathan L., Rochester Adams, S. W ., D. D., Cleveland Noyes, Rev George C., La Porte Andrews, Lorin, Gambier N oyes, Mrs E. E . do Ashley, B., Milan Peck, Edwin J., Indianapolis Aydelott, Mrs Charlotte W ., Cincinnati Smith, Brainerd, do Aydelott, David Brainerd, do Wason, Rev Hiram, W est Creek Babb, Mrs Lydia F., College Hill Wilson, Thomas K., Indianapolis Baldwin, D. H., Cincinnati Baldwin, Joseph, do ILLINOIS. Bierce, L. V., Jr., Tallmadge Bergen, Rev Henry. Sandwich Bierce, Zenas S., Windham Button, Joseph Clark, Ridgefield Breed, Mrs Bethia G., Cincinnati Campbell, W illie, Mendon Brewster, Rev William H., Cleveland Clarke, Samuel D., Chicago Caine, Thomas, Newburgh Crawford, Rev Levi P., Sandwich Calvert, Clara, Oxford Dickinson, William, Chicago Church, Mrs Caroline M., Cincinnati Edwards, Rev John H., Rockford Clark, Franklin Taylor, Brooklyn Gates, Mrs S. D., Crystal Lake Clark, Rev William H., Warren Goodwin, Horace Bushnell, Rockford Derby, Mrs Celia M., Granville Goodwin, Mrs Martha F. do Earnshaw, Mrs Miriam R., Walnut Hills Hammond, Charles G., Chicago Edwards, Rev Thomas, Cincinnati Hodges, Rev James, Durand Elmore, John, Oberlin Hubbard, Mrs Alice Frances, Chicago Evans, Daniel H., Ripley Leach, Mary Frances, Payson Evans, Rev Llewelyn J., Walnut Hills Millerd, Rev Norman, Chicago Gibbs, Lucy, Avon Mitchell, B. F., Jacksonville Goodwin, Rev E. P., Columbus Montgomery, Ethan Taylor, Chicago Griswold, Hiram, Cleveland Nelson, C. B. do Harrison, Mrs Mary B., Cincinnati N ichols, Rev Starr H. do Hoyt, Rev James M., Cleveland Pitkin, George W. do Hudson, Ceylon, Cincinnati Plant, Henry, Rockford Jenkins, Rev Warrsn, Columbus Robbins, M r . , Lacon Johnson, Charlotte Rose, Granville Ross, Mrs Elizabeth H., Chicago Keep, Rev John, Oberlin Smith, Mrs Philo W ., Canton Kumler, Anna, Oxford Stnrges, Mrs Clara E., Woodburn Long, Rev John E., Unity Wainwright, Rev George W ., Dundee Lord, Mrs Eliza W ., Columbus W alton, Rev Jeremiah E., Rockford Mather, Samuel H., Cleveland Whiting, James H., Joliet AlcCutchon, Mrs Mary G., Ruggles Williams, Edward M., Chicago M cK aig, Mrs H. M ., Cincinnati McKaig, Rev Wilbur, do MICHIGAN. Mellen, Lucius F., Cleveland Bourn, John, Vassal Morris, Edward Parmelee, Columbus Boyd, Irving P., Monroe Myers, Margaret, Cincinnati Cummings, Ralph W ., Bay City Olds, Chauncey N., Columbus CuBhman, Artemas S., Jackson Perkins, Edwin R., Cleveland Davies, Rev Evan L., Battle Creek Pyle, Mrs Mary J., College Hill Edily, Morton, Adrian Richards, Sarah M. do Farrell, James W ., Detroit 1863.] MEMBERS OF THE BOABD. 183

Fay, Edward Allen, Flint Kimball, Rev Joseph, — — Fitch, Edward D., Detroit | Lacy, Rev E. S., San Francisco Gallaher, Rev Frederick R., Hillsdale | Nichols, Mrs Eliza, Benicia Gulloy, Mrs Martha E., Detroit j Walker, Theodore S., Oakland Hulsart, Caroline E., Romeo I Warren, Rev J. H., San Francisco Hitchcock, Homer A., Kalamazoo Ladd, Sanford B., Milford Martin, William R., Ann Arbor CANADA EAST. Lyman, Henry, Montreal Maynard, Matthew Henry, Marquette ' Lyman, Mrs Delia A. do McCollum, D., Adrian , Mills, Mary E. do Mclntire, Donald, Ann Arbor 1 Parker, Rev A. J., Danville McKay, Mrs Angus, Detroit : Veunor, Henry, Montreal Mills, Catharine E., Flint Moore, Edward S., Three Rivers Moseley, Thomas, Union City CANADA WEST, Nall, Rev James, Detroit j Fenwick, Rev Konneth M., Kingston Parsons, Jonathan, Kalamazoo I Norton, Rev Robert, S l Catharines Parsons, Mrs L. B., Detroit Pearson, Mrs Jane, Milford Sheley, Alanson, Detroit ! .. „ ENGLAND AND SCOTLAND, Taylor, James, Kalamazoo j Mellor, Rev E., Liverpool Taylor, John, Bruce j Piinglo, Alexander, Yair, Selkirk Tomlinson, Wm. A., Kalamazoo Rawlinson, William, Taunton Thurbcr, Rev Edward G., Monroe j Taylor, Isaac, Stanford Rivers Voorheis, William C., Ann Arbor Wetmore, Frederick, Detroit i ITALY. Wing, Talcott E., Monroe | Hall, Rev E. E., Florence j W ISC O N SIN | . AFRICA, Adams, Rev William W ., Beloit j Lindley, Mrs Lucy A., Natal Barrett, Rev Moses, Waukesha | Loomis, Rev C. L., Corisco Camp, H. H., Milwaukie Chapin, Rev Nathan C., La Crosse Chapman, Silas, Milwaukie TURKEY AND SYRIA, Clapp, Rev Luther, Wauwatosa j Bliss, Frederic Jones,, Beirut Darling, Mason C., Fond du Lac Bliss, Mary Wood, do Dewey, Anah T., Beloit I Herrick, Rev George F., Constantinople Hale, Philetus C., Milwaukie Lyons, Mrs Catharine N., Sidou Hill, George, Rosemlale Nakkar, Micha El, Mosul Holton, Edward D., Milwaukie Pratt, Rev A. T., Aleppo Judd, Rev Henderson, Hudson Proctor, Myra A., Aintab Kimball, Alonzo, Green Bay King, Rev Beriah, Milton PERSIA. May, Mrs Eliza S., Milwaukie Elias, Priest, Charbash Montague, Rev Melzar, Johnstown Perkins, Henry Martyn, Oroomiah Newcomb, William Douglass, Beloit Young, Frank N. H. do Raymond, Frances A., Fond du Lac Todd, Rev J. D., Buena Vi9ta Williamson, Rev B. H., Fond du Lac INDIA. Wright, Theodore L., Jr., Beloit Bruce, Rev Henry J., Ahmednuggur Capron, Annie Hooker, Maduru IOWA. Capron, Laura, do Bliss, Marshall, Grinnell Chandler, R ev J. E . do Coleman, Rev William L., Staceyville Lord, Rev N. L. do Fi fie Id, Rev Lebbeus B., Cedar Falls Taylor, Rev Horace S., Mandahasulie, Madura Holmes, Rev H. B., Dubuque Magoun, Mrs Anna H., Lyons CHINA. Merrill, Rev O. W ., Anamosa Doolittle, Mrs Lucy E., Fuh-chau Peet, Mrs Harriet L. do KANSAS. Williams, Mre Sarah W ., Canton Cordley, Rev Richard, Lawrence SANDWICH ISLANDS. O R E G O N . Goodule, Harriet W ., Honolulu Dickinson, Rev Obed, Salem Smith, Rov J. W ., Koloa CALIFORNIA. Dana, Charles, San Francisco MICRONESIA. Dana, William A. do Bingham, Rev Hiram, Jr., Apaianff. Hubbard, Mrs Sophie, do Snow, Mrs Lydia V., Marshall Islund CONTENTS.

Page. Pago. MINUTES OF THE ANKCAX MEETING. Receipts and Expenditures, . . . 39 Corporate Members Present, . . . 3 E x c h a n g e ,...... 40 Honorary Members Present, . . . 4 The Current Y e a r , ...... 41 Organization, ...... r . 8 Treasurer’s R e p o rt, ...... 8 The Missions of the Board. Report of the Prudential Committee, 9 Gaboon M is s io n ,...... 42 Reports of Committees,...... 9 Zulu M ission,...... 45 Home Department—Progress Recom­ Mission to Greece,...... 49 mended, ...... 10 Western Turkey Mission, .... 52 Treatment o f the Dakotas, .... 14 Central Turkey Mission, .... 67 Amendment of the Act of Incorpora­ Eastern Turkey Mission, .... 74 tion, ...... 15 Syria Mission...... 82 Yisit of Dr. Anderson to the Sand­ Nestorian M ission,...... 86 wich I s la n d s ,...... 17 Mahratta M i s s i o n ,...... 95 Minute concerning the Progress of Madras M is s io n ,...... 102 the Civil War, as related to the Madura M ission,...... 104 "Work of Missions and the Progress Ceylon M ission,...... I l l of Christ’s K in g d o m ,...... 27 Canton M i s s i o n ,...... 117 Absent M em bers,...... 28 Fuh-chau M ission,...... 120 New Members and Officers, .... 28 North China M i s s i o n , ...... 122 Place and Preacher for Next Meet­ The Sandwich Is la n d s ,...... 127 ing, ...... 30 Micronesia M issio n ,...... 136 Resolutions of Thanks...... 30 D a k o ta s ,...... 141 Devotional S e r v ic e s ,...... 31 O jib w a s ,...... 152 Adjournment,...... 32 S e n e c a s ,...... 155

Preachers and Places of Meeting,. . 34 Summary, ...... 158

Pecuniary Accounts,...... 159 REPORT OF THE PRUDENTIAL COMMITTEE. Home Department. Summary of Donations received dur­ Obituary Notices...... 35 ing the year ...... 163 Missionaries sent f o r t h , ...... 3-5 Officers of the Board...... 36 A g e n c ie s ,...... 37 Officers of the B o a r d , ...... 166 Publications,...... 38 Corporate M em bers,...... 167 Turkish Missions Aid Society, . . . 38 Corporate Members deceased or re­ The Pree Church of Scotland, . . . 39 signed, ...... 171 Other Co-operating Societies, . . . 39 Honorary Members,...... 173