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Managing Offshore Island Reserves

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Such dependence has produced rapid population. In the eventof a catastrophesuch as the morphological changes in some recently isolated lossof the birds or the introductionof rats tle species populations in Bass Strait. Chappell Island tiger would be in a real difficulty and quick action would snales may grow to 2 m ir length and eat muttonbird be neededto prolongthe survivalof the species. chicks which weigh up to 750 g at 9 weeks of age. TRANSLOCATIONAND The islands are increasingly important as a breeding refuge for resident beach birds that suffer RE-ESTABLISHMENT excessive disturbance from people on adjacent Magpies, kookaburras, pheasants, quail, peacock, mainlandbeaches in summer. rabbits and fallow deer are amongst those fauna to have been deliberately established on Tasmaniar Seasonalmigration of birds across Bass Strait islandsfor the short-termconvenience of man. Native iavolves a signfica-nt portion of the Tasmanitrn faura have a.lso been introduced to enhanco avifauna including many speciesof waterfowl, waders, short-term appreciationof an islald or under the small passerinesand others. Some fly directly but misapprehensionthat long term survivalof the species others island hop using good or shelter available on would result. Most such htroduced species are the islands(e.9. the Orarge-belliedParrot). destinedto extinctionon islandswhere habitat is not Until recentlyth(r FurneauxGroup supportedthe actively managcdfor them. main breedingpopulation of the Cape Baren goose. A major official progran of translocationof native Maragement of theseislands for breedinggeese has fauna was carried out twenry years ago on Maria iacreasedthe raage and abundanceof the species Island. In the late 1960sMaria Island off the central wbilst maintainiug the breeding population and east coast ol Tasmaniawas offered for sale because reducing some conllict with pastoralists. grazingsheep, which had occupiedthe ownersfor the Islands off the south coast contair relic past 50 years, became uneconomical. The populations of two of Tasmania'srarest endemic Governmentpurchased it for a nationalpark because vertebrate speciesthe Forty-spottedpardalote and the island was once a whaling and convict settlement. the Pcdra Branca Skink. The skink reaches a It also happens to contair the largest area (nearly marinum length of approximately 200 mm, occurs 10 000 ha) of mixed dry sclerophyll plant communities ooly on Pedra Branca Island, a 2.5 ha sandstoue to be reservedany where in the State. But as far as outcrop 26 km south of Tasmaniacovered by nestirg animalswere concernedit wasseen as somethilg of a gar:ncts and albatrosses. It lives under rocks or in poor deal. The original native mammal fauna known crevices and eats regurgitated fish accidentally to be on the islard at the tine included the dropped by the birds whilst feeding their chicks from Tasmanianpademelon, southern potoroo, ring tailed Septemberto Mauch(Rounsevell, et a/. 1985). possum.easterD pigmy possum.common wombat. echidna,velvet furred rat, water rat and somebats of There are only al estimated 200 to 300 skinls ilr tie genus Eptesicus. Brushtail possums and population the speciesis regarded as rare the alrd Tasmanian native-hen were also well established The sizein the populationand the aad endangered. having been talen to the island by a grazier a decade is regzudedas rare and endangered.The size species or so prior. Exotic feral and pest speciespresent at populationis limited by the amountof available of the the time were fallow deer, sheep,fcral cat, rabbit, (and possiblytood) on the islandand could be shclter ship rat and house mouse. The sheep and rabbits hcreasing the amount of increased by artficially were subsequentlyremoved, exterminated or died out. available shelter, but they would remain totally dependent upon the breeding of gannets or In the period between 1969 ar'd 1971 when the albatrosseson the islandevery year. island was berng declared a national park the wildlife authoritissset aboutto "restock"the isiandwith native loss scabirdsor the introductionof rats The of the mammalsand birds consideredto be appropriatefor signal the demiseof the spccies. It has beeu could such a park. Reasonsadvalced for doing this wore Pedra Branca Island for approximately isolated on biologicallyunsourd and seemnow to have been an years and no other suitable island free of 15 000 over reaction to the initial issue of woodchip licences to which the specics could be readily competitors, to private companies tbroughout the state at that exists. FortunatelyPedra Branca Island translocated, time. The result is a seriesof populatiou explosions remote, difficult of access and rarely visited, but is the effects of which are contiauing to unfold and a wrecked on its shore and boats have been major mar:agementcost to monitor, interpret and of the island should include periodic managemsnt counterthose effects. monitorhg of the seabird colony ard the skink 158 6Sr 'unJ " acuereadde aql r 6 uuc orJsac rolrsra prr? punuJ Jeu6uo aql uo IreJJa 1se1ee:3eql 6ur,req I,!\oJ Jo 1r ,{IIBJouoAsFunE? Jqoxa eql er" sl?r puu sl"J 'sIqqDU Jo elrs ruolsrq ue ur s8u4so8 Sursrer srred ?urpeerq '1961 lnq p4q aqp?rup ue are feqg ,{q esae8 gg7 STVIAIINV'TYUfld o1 gg1 yo uorlepdod Surpuels u puu snud Surpaarq 6,tr ,{lapurxorddu neeleld u poqcua.r uoqupdod esooS 'tronuall? ;o JopJeu tn sJnss;uau:Eeuuu puu;sr egl 'toqs ,qpuorsuuo 3ru deql ereqa prcIursw 'p{q raqto pue eloluprud pallods-ftrog oql Jo senads eql ol eaou 01 ue8?q spnq pu" eJruJs euuJsq pooJ pare8nepua puB ue Jo orrrepunq? Suuolruou loJluoJ llun ,r\e.6 qcrq,tr uoguJndod [Bro[ eql p:paurn8rz l?r IBreJ Jo sans$ luugodur oql uo{ sorlnoset sSuqsoS aql ',{grgsseccns parq pup pupl$ eql '"unsJ osreds palra,up seq ,{I rlJs srqJ elrleu peldopB dlolBlpelfur
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