The Naga at Bagan Temples: Living to Mythical Transformation SU LATT WIN Curator, Public Relation and Display, Zaykabar Museum
[email protected] Alphawood Scholarship Batch (2015) Celebrating Diversity in Ancient Myanmar Hindu-Buddhist Art: Mythical Creatures Inaugural Alphawood Alumni Conference (Myanmar) Cover Thu Ya Aung November 9-11, 2019. Bagan Convener: Elizabeth Moore 2 Abstract The naga figure is seen in mural paintings, glazed panels, and stucco carvings of monuments at Bagan. This paper uses examples from different periods that show the transformation of the naga from an anthropomorphic creature seen in the Jãtaka stories to zoomorphic semi-divine creature. Chronicles and Texts The Glass Palace Chronicle records an enormous statue of a naga in the royal garden, made and venerated by the Bagan King Nyaung-U Sawrahan (931-964 A.D.) who proclaimed that the naga was nobler and powerful than man (GPC 1992, p. 223). Worship of the naga was also mentioned in the King Kyansittha stone inscription (11th Century A.D.) in which the king recorded his belief in Buddhism, Brahmanism and worship of the naga. In constructing a new royal palace, the king offering food to the naga king (King Kyansittha Biography Inscription 1965, p. 266). As these examples suggest, the worship of Naga was an expected part of royal custom and ritual in the Bagan period. Chronicles also describe the naga as a deified element of folk devotion. According to the 550 Jãtaka stories, in three stories of the previous lives of Buddha, the Buddha as Bodhisattva was King Naga king. These are: the Serpent King Campeyya (Campeyya Jãtaka), Samkhapãla (Saṃkhapãla Jãtaka), and Bhuridatta (Bhuridatta Jãtaka) (https://jatakastories.div.ed.ac.uk).