DOCSLIB.ORG

Us 9125414 B2

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Us 9125414 B2 US009 125414B2 (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 9,125,414 B2 Le VezOuet et al. (45) Date of Patent: Sep. 8, 2015 (54) PYRIDINE DERIVATIVES COMPOUNDS FOR OTHER PUBLICATIONS CONTROLLING INVERTEBRATE PESTS U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, “Insect Repellents: Use and (75) Inventors: Ronan Le Vezouet, Mannheim (DE); Effectiveness”. <http://cfpub.epa.gov/opprefinsect/>, Updated Apr. Sebastian Soergel, Ludwigshafen (DE); 10, 2013, p. 1-2.* Christian Defieber, Mannheim (DE); Merriam-Webster, "Pest'. <http://www.merriam-Webster.com/dic Steffen Gross, Ludwigshafen (DE); tionary pest>, (C) 2013, p. 1-4.* Karsten Koerber, Eppelheim (DE); National Wildlife Federation, “Invertebrates'. <http://www.nwf.org/ wildlife/wildlife-library/invertebrates.aspx>, (C) 1996-2012, p. 1-2.* Deborah L. Culbertson, Fuquay Varina, Pest Control Methods, "Pest control methods: Natural vs. Chemical', NC (US); Douglas D. Anspaugh, Apex, <http://www.pestcontrolmethods.org/>, (C) 2012, p. 1-4.* NC (US) Britannica Online Encyclopedia, "Arthropod”. <http://www.britan nica.com/EBchecked/topic/36943/arthropod, 2013, p. 1-5.* (73) Assignee: BASFSE, Ludwigshafen (DE) Texas A&M Agrilife Extension, “Order Homoptera'. <https://in (*) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this sects.tamu.edu/fieldguide/orders/homoptera.html>, 1999, p. 1.* patent is extended or adjusted under 35 (Continued) U.S.C. 154(b) by 79 days. (21) Appl. No.: 13/386,473 Primary Examiner — Tracy Vivlemore Assistant Examiner — Monica Shin (22) PCT Filed: Jul. 15, 2010 (74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm — Brinks Gilson & Lione (86). PCT No.: PCT/EP2010/06O243 (57) ABSTRACT S371 (c)(1), The present invention relates to methods and uses of com (2), (4) Date: Jan. 23, 2012 pounds of formulae I or II and the salts and N-oxides thereof, (87) PCT Pub. No.: WO2011/009804 PCT Pub. Date: Jan. 27, 2011 (I) X3 (65) Prior Publication Data US 2012/O122681 A1 May 17, 2012 XI 21 Related U.S. Application Data --, N R3 (60) Provisional application No. 61/228.205, filed on Jul. k . 24, 2009. (II) X3 (51) Int. Cl. AOIN 43/40 (2006.01) AOIP 7/04 (2006.01) X2 2 (Continued) s N R3 (52) U.S. Cl. CPC ................ A0IN 43/80 (2013.01); A0IN 43/50 R2 (2013.01); A0IN 43/76 (2013.01); A0IN 43/78 (2013.01); C07D401/12 (2013.01); C07D wherein 413/12 (2013.01); C07D 417/12 (2013.01) A is a substituted or unsubstituted 5-membered heterocyclic (58) Field of Classification Search radical; CPC ....... A01N 43/80: A01N 43/78: A01N 43/50: X is S, O or NR", wherein R' is selected from H, C, -Co A01N 43/76; C07D 413/12: C07D 417/12: alkyl and the like; X is OR, NRR, S(O).R. X is CO7D 401A12 OR, NR'R', S(O)R’, wherein m is 0, 1 or 2, R is See application file for complete search history. C-C-alkyl, C-C-haloalkyl and the like, R, R are H. C1-C4-alkyl, C-Ca-haloalkyl and the like:X is alonepair or (56) References Cited oxygen; R', R and Rare, interalia, hydrogen, and R' is H. U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS C-Co-alkyl and the like. The present invention further relates to a method for controlling invertebrate pests, to a 5,360,799 A 1 1/1994 Bachy et al. method for protecting plant propagation material and/or the 6,747,041 B1 6/2004 Katsuhira et al. plants which grow therefrom, to plant propagation material, (Continued) comprising at least one compound according to the present invention, to a method for treating or protecting an animal FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS from infestation or infection by parasites and to an agricul tural composition containing at least one compound accord CA 2 026 131 3, 1991 CN 1711255 12/2005 ing to the present invention. (Continued) 4 Claims, No Drawings US 9,125.414 B2 Page 2 (51) Int. Cl. WO WO 2006,133926 12/2006 teN ty C WO WO 2007/0465502007/046548 4/2007 (2006.01) WO WO 2007/065664 6, 2007 AOIN 43/76 (2006.01) WO WO 2007/068373 6, 2007 AOIN 43/78 (2006.01) WO WO 2007/068375 6, 2007 CO7D 40/12 (2006.01) WO WO 2007/068377 6, 2007 WO WO 2007/085.188 8, 2007 CO7D 413/2 (2006.01) WO WO 2007.121687 11, 2007 C07D 417/12 (2006.01) WO WO 2007/139856 12/2007 WO WO 2007/139860 12/2007 (56) References Cited WO WO 2008, 116898 10, 2008 WO WO 2009,0273.93 3, 2009 U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS WO WO 2009/086303 T 2009 WO WO 2010/017047 2, 2010 2006/0069132 A1 3f2006 Armel et al. WO WO 2010/023.277 3, 2010 20070203148 A1 8/2007 Dunkel et al. WO WO 2010/034.737 4/2010 2007/0275980 A1 11, 2007 Yoshida et al. WO WO 2010.034738 4/2010 2008.0033513 A1 2/2008 Man et al. WO WO 2011/003793 1, 2011 2008/0058389 A1 3f2008 Dunkel et al. WO WO 2011/003796 1, 2011 2009/0163516 A1 6/2009 Dunkel et al. 2009,0176844 A1 7, 2009 Dunkel et al. OTHER PUBLICATIONS 38885.8 A. 3. R; etal Cranshaw et al., “Spider Mites”. Colorado State University Exten sion, Fact Sheet No. 5.507. Insect Series: Home and Garden, Nov. FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS 2006, p. 1-3.* Technicide, “Pest Control', <http://technicide.com/Pest CN 1927838 3, 2007 Controld, (C) 2006, p. 1-2.* CN 101062916 10/2007 Buzzle, "Wast Insect Control: Wasp Traps and Repellent”. <http:// CN 101062919 10/2007 www.buzzle.com/articles/wasp-insect-control-wasp-traps-andrepel EP O 419944 4f1991 lent.html>, Dec. 8, 2007, p. 1-2.* EP O573883 12/1993 Shelton et al., “Effects of Weeds on the Diversity and Abundance of EP 0606175 T 1994 Insects in Soybeans.” Environmental Entomology, vol. 12, No. 2, EP O 89.1975 1, 1999 EP 1188 745 3, 2002 Apr. 1983, p. 296–298.* EP 2263455 12/2010 Bayhan et al., “Effect of temperature on development, mortality, JP 10195072 7, 1998 fecundity, and reproduction of Aphis rumicis L. (Homoptera: JP 20011596,10 6, 2001 Aphididae) on broadleaf dock (Rumex obtusifolius) and Swiss chard JP 2001348378 12/2001 (Beta vulgaris vulgaris var, cida).” J Pest Sci (2006) 79: 57-61.* JP 2004-269515 9, 2004 International Preliminary Report on Patentability issued Jan. 24. JP 2004331541 11, 2004 2012, from corresponding International Application No. PCT/ JP 2005-532367 10/2005 EP2010/060243, filed Jul 15, 2010. JP 2006.52O373 9, 2006 International Search Report completed Mar. 18, 2011, in Interna JP 2007/77106 3, 2007 tional Application No. PCT/EP2010/060243, filed Jul. 1, 2010. JP 2008-285482 11, 2008 Milyutin, A.V., et al. “Synthesis properties and biological activity of WO WO 98.54154 12/1998 3-pyridylamides of 4-aryl-2-hydroxy-4-oxo-2-butenic WO WO99/48868 9, 1999 WO WOOO,29398 5, 2000 (Aroylpyruvic) acids'. Pharmaceutical Chemistry Journal, 1997, p. WO WOO1/OO575 1, 2001 30-33, vol. 31, No. 1. WO WO O2/O70483 9, 2002 Persson, Tobias, et al., “Pyrazole carboxamides and carboxylic acids WO WO O2/O947.91 11, 2002 as protein kinase inhibitors in aberrant eukaryotic signal transduc WO WOO3,O37900 5, 2003 tion: induction of growth arrest in MCF-7 cancer cells'. Organic & WO WOO3,106427 12/2003 Biomolecular Chemistry, 2007, pp. 3963-3970, vol. 5. WO WO 2004/017908 3, 2004 Sharlow et al., “Development and Implementation of a Miniaturized WO WO 2004/035545 4/2004 High-Throughput Time-Resolved Fluorescence Energy Transfer WO WO 2004/046129 6, 2004 Assay to Identify Small Molecule Inhibitors of Polo-Like Kinase 1.” WO WO 2004/076458 9, 2004 ASSAY and Drug Development Technologies, vol. 5, No. 6, (2007), WO WO 2004/080999 9, 2004 WO WO 2004/106324 12, 2004 pp. 723-735. WO WO 2005/040 152 5, 2005 Office Action dated Oct. 11, 2013, from U.S. Appl. No. 13/382,225, WO WO 2005, O731.65 5, 2005 filed Jan. 4, 2012. WO WO 2005, O746.86 8, 2005 Office Action dated May 21, 2013, from U.S. Appl. No. 13/382,229. WO WO 2005, O75411 8, 2005 Office Action dated Feb. 25, 2014, from U.S. Appl. No. 13/382,225, WO WO 2006/O15860 2, 2006 filed Jan. 4, 2012. WO WO 2006/045522 5, 2006 WO WO 2006/074445 T 2006 * cited by examiner US 9,125,414 B2 1. 2 PYRONEDERVATIVES COMPOUNDS FOR CONTROLLING INVERTEBRATE PESTS (I) X3 This application is a National Stage application of Interna N tional Application No. PCT/EP2010/060243 filed Jul. 15, XI 21 2010, which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Applica tion No. 61/228,205 filed Jul. 24, 2009, the entire contents of --, S R3 which are hereby incorporated herein by reference. R2 The present invention relates to pyridine compounds which 10 (II) can be used for combating and/or controlling invertebrate X3 pests, in particular arthropod pests. The invention also relates to a method for controlling invertebrate pests by using these X2 21 compounds. The present invention also relates to seed and to an agricultural and Veterinary composition comprising said 15 ls compounds. A 1s R3 R2 BACKGROUND OF INVENTION wherein Invertebrate pests and in particular arthropods and nema A is an oxazole or thiazole or imidazole or isoxazole or todes destroy growing and harvested crops and attack wooden isothiazole radical of the formulae A1a, A1, A2a, A2, dwelling and commercial structures, thereby causing large A3a, A3 economic loss to the food supply and to property. While a 25 large number of pesticidal agents are known, due to the ability A1 of target pests to develop resistance to said agents, there is an R41 ongoing need for new agents for combating invertebrate pests Such as insects, arachnids and nematodes.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Sharon J. Collman WSU Snohomish County Extension Green Gardening Workshop October 21, 2015 Definition
    Sharon J. Collman WSU Snohomish County Extension Green Gardening Workshop October 21, 2015 Definition AKA exotic, alien, non-native, introduced, non-indigenous, or foreign sp. National Invasive Species Council definition: (1) “a non-native (alien) to the ecosystem” (2) “a species likely to cause economic or harm to human health or environment” Not all invasive species are foreign origin (Spartina, bullfrog) Not all foreign species are invasive (Most US ag species are not native) Definition increasingly includes exotic diseases (West Nile virus, anthrax etc.) Can include genetically modified/ engineered and transgenic organisms Executive Order 13112 (1999) Directed Federal agencies to make IS a priority, and: “Identify any actions which could affect the status of invasive species; use their respective programs & authorities to prevent introductions; detect & respond rapidly to invasions; monitor populations restore native species & habitats in invaded ecosystems conduct research; and promote public education.” Not authorize, fund, or carry out actions that cause/promote IS intro/spread Political, Social, Habitat, Ecological, Environmental, Economic, Health, Trade & Commerce, & Climate Change Considerations Historical Perspective Native Americans – Early explorers – Plant explorers in Europe Pioneers moving across the US Food - Plants – Stored products – Crops – renegade seed Animals – Insects – ants, slugs Travelers – gardeners exchanging plants with friends Invasive Species… …can also be moved by • Household goods • Vehicles
    [Show full text]
  • Nuisance Insects and Climate Change
    www.defra.gov.uk Nuisance Insects and Climate Change March 2009 Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs Nobel House 17 Smith Square London SW1P 3JR Tel: 020 7238 6000 Website: www.defra.gov.uk © Queen's Printer and Controller of HMSO 2007 This publication is value added. If you wish to re-use this material, please apply for a Click-Use Licence for value added material at http://www.opsi.gov.uk/click-use/value-added-licence- information/index.htm. Alternatively applications can be sent to Office of Public Sector Information, Information Policy Team, St Clements House, 2-16 Colegate, Norwich NR3 1BQ; Fax: +44 (0)1603 723000; email: [email protected] Information about this publication and further copies are available from: Local Environment Protection Defra Nobel House Area 2A 17 Smith Square London SW1P 3JR Email: [email protected] This document is also available on the Defra website and has been prepared by Centre of Ecology and Hydrology. Published by the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs 2 An Investigation into the Potential for New and Existing Species of Insect with the Potential to Cause Statutory Nuisance to Occur in the UK as a Result of Current and Predicted Climate Change Roy, H.E.1, Beckmann, B.C.1, Comont, R.F.1, Hails, R.S.1, Harrington, R.2, Medlock, J.3, Purse, B.1, Shortall, C.R.2 1Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, 2Rothamsted Research, 3Health Protection Agency March 2009 3 Contents Summary 5 1.0 Background 6 1.1 Consortium to perform the work 7 1.2 Objectives 7 2.0
    [Show full text]
  • QUINOA Botany, Production and Uses Dedicated to the Loving Memory of My Parents, Who Departed for the Heavenly Abode on 16 January 2001
    QUINOA Botany, Production and Uses Dedicated to the loving memory of my parents, who departed for the heavenly abode on 16 January 2001 Atul Bhargava QUINOA Botany, Production and Uses Atul Bhargava and Shilpi Srivastava CABI is a trading name of CAB International CABI CABI Nosworthy Way 38 Chauncey Street Wallingford Suite 1002 Oxfordshire OX10 8DE Boston, MA 02111 UK USA Tel: +44 (0)1491 832111 Tel: +1 800 552 3083 (toll free) Fax: +44 (0)1491 833508 Tel: +1 (0)617 395 4051 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.cabi.org © A. Bhargava and S. Srivastava 2013. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form or by any means, electronically, mechanically, by photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owners. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library, London, UK. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Bhargava, Atul, 1975- Quinoa : botany, production and uses / Atul Bhargava, Shilpi Srivastava. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-78064-226-0 (alk. paper) 1. Quinoa. I. Srivastava, Shilpi. II. Title. SB177.Q55B43 2013 664′.7--dc23 2013009503 ISBN-13: 978 1 78064 226 0 Commissioning editor: Sreepat Jain Editorial assistant: Alexandra Lainsbury Production editor: Simon Hill Typeset by SPi, Pondicherry, India Printed and bound in the UK by CPI Group (UK) Ltd, Croydon, CR0 4YY. Contents Contributors vii Preface ix Acknowledgements xiii PART I – INTRODUCTION AND HISTORY 1. Introduction 1 2. Historical Perspectives and Domestication 16 Didier Bazile, Francisco Fuentes and Ángel Mujica 3.
    [Show full text]
  • Notes on Some Blood-Sucking and Other Arthropods (Except Culicidae) Collected in Macedonia in 1917
    153 NOTES ON SOME BLOOD-SUCKING AND OTHER ARTHROPODS (EXCEPT CULICIDAE) COLLECTED IN MACEDONIA IN 1917. By JAMES WATERSTON, Lieut. R.A.M.C., Entomologist to the Malaria Commission, Salonika. In the course of the operations for controlling mosquitos on the Macedonian front some time, necessarily limited, was devoted to collecting parasitic or noxious arthropods, and a list is here given, more particularly of those affecting man. One or two other noteworthy species are also recorded. ANOPLURA. Trichodectes subrostratus, N. Very plentiful on a kitten, Kalamaria, 8, xii. Pediculus capitis, De G., P. humanus, L., and Phthirus pubis, L. All occur. The last not commonly met with. Polyplax spinulosa, Burm. Several on a young rat, Kalamaria. RHYNCHOTA. Geocoris albipennis, F. Twice, at widely separated places, I was bitten by individuals of this species. Fortunately, on the second occasion the insect was secured without damage. Lahana, ix. Cimex lectularius, L. One of the pests of Macedonia ; only too common in wooden huts. This species drops on one's bed from roofs, unless prevented by mosquito netting. DIPTERA. Phlebotomus papatasii, Scop. Common at Kalamaria round electric lamps in huts, and also at Karasouli and Cidemli; on the Struma at Sakavca, etc. Phlebotomus perniciosus, Ann. 5 c? 14 $, Karasouli and Kalamaria, viii. Simulium sp. In hill streams near Lahana, Paprat and Oreovica larvae of one or more species of this genus were obtained, but attempts to rear the imago were unsuccessful. Pangonia marginata, F. $ (Capt. A. G. Carment). Pangonia sp. cJ, $, near variegata, F., but possibly representing two distinct species (Capt. Treadgold). Chrysops coecutiens, L.
    [Show full text]
  • An Invasive Fish and the Time-Lagged Spread of Its Parasite Across the Hawaiian Archipelago
    An Invasive Fish and the Time-Lagged Spread of Its Parasite across the Hawaiian Archipelago Michelle R. Gaither1,2*, Greta Aeby2, Matthias Vignon3,4, Yu-ichiro Meguro5, Mark Rigby6,7, Christina Runyon2, Robert J. Toonen2, Chelsea L. Wood8,9, Brian W. Bowen2 1 Ichthyology, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, California, United States of America, 2 Hawai’i Institute of Marine Biology, University of Hawai’i at Ma¯noa, Kane’ohe, Hawai’i, United States of America, 3 UMR 1224 Ecobiop, UFR Sciences et Techniques Coˆte Basque, Univ Pau and Pays Adour, Anglet, France, 4 UMR 1224 Ecobiop, Aquapoˆle, INRA, St Pe´e sur Nivelle, France, 5 Division of Marine Biosciences, Graduate School of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hakodate, Japan, 6 Parsons, South Jordan, Utah, United States of America, 7 Marine Science Institute, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, United States of America, 8 Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America, 9 Hopkins Marine Station, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, California, United States of America Abstract Efforts to limit the impact of invasive species are frustrated by the cryptogenic status of a large proportion of those species. Half a century ago, the state of Hawai’i introduced the Bluestripe Snapper, Lutjanus kasmira, to O’ahu for fisheries enhancement. Today, this species shares an intestinal nematode parasite, Spirocamallanus istiblenni, with native Hawaiian fishes, raising the possibility that the introduced fish carried a parasite that has since spread to naı¨ve local hosts. Here, we employ a multidisciplinary approach, combining molecular, historical, and ecological data to confirm the alien status of S.
    [Show full text]
  • Coleópteros Saproxílicos De Los Bosques De Montaña En El Norte De La Comunidad De Madrid
    Universidad Politécnica de Madrid Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Agrónomos Coleópteros Saproxílicos de los Bosques de Montaña en el Norte de la Comunidad de Madrid T e s i s D o c t o r a l Juan Jesús de la Rosa Maldonado Licenciado en Ciencias Ambientales 2014 Departamento de Producción Vegetal: Botánica y Protección Vegetal Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Agrónomos Coleópteros Saproxílicos de los Bosques de Montaña en el Norte de la Comunidad de Madrid Juan Jesús de la Rosa Maldonado Licenciado en Ciencias Ambientales Directores: D. Pedro del Estal Padillo, Doctor Ingeniero Agrónomo D. Marcos Méndez Iglesias, Doctor en Biología 2014 Tribunal nombrado por el Magfco. y Excmo. Sr. Rector de la Universidad Politécnica de Madrid el día de de 2014. Presidente D. Vocal D. Vocal D. Vocal D. Secretario D. Suplente D. Suplente D. Realizada la lectura y defensa de la Tesis el día de de 2014 en Madrid, en la Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Agrónomos. Calificación: El Presidente Los Vocales El Secretario AGRADECIMIENTOS A Ángel Quirós, Diego Marín Armijos, Isabel López, Marga López, José Luis Gómez Grande, María José Morales, Alba López, Jorge Martínez Huelves, Miguel Corra, Adriana García, Natalia Rojas, Rafa Castro, Ana Busto, Enrique Gorroño y resto de amigos que puntualmente colaboraron en los trabajos de campo o de gabinete. A la Guardería Forestal de la comarca de Buitrago de Lozoya, por su permanente apoyo logístico. A los especialistas en taxonomía que participaron en la identificación del material recolectado, pues sin su asistencia hubiera sido mucho más difícil finalizar este trabajo.
    [Show full text]
  • Ep 2572579 A1
    (19) TZZ 57 9A_T (11) EP 2 572 579 A1 (12) EUROPEAN PATENT APPLICATION (43) Date of publication: (51) Int Cl.: 27.03.2013 Bulletin 2013/13 A01N 31/04 (2006.01) A01N 37/40 (2006.01) A01N 35/02 (2006.01) A01N 35/06 (2006.01) (2006.01) (2006.01) (21) Application number: 12185428.5 A01N 37/02 A01N 35/04 A01N 31/14 (2006.01) A01N 37/04 (2006.01) (2006.01) (2006.01) (22) Date of filing: 21.09.2012 A01N 43/40 A01P 19/00 (84) Designated Contracting States: (72) Inventors: AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB • Knudsen, Geir, K. GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO 1405 Langhus (NO) PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR • Tasin, Marco Designated Extension States: 38121 Trento (IT) BA ME (74) Representative: Onsagers AS (30) Priority: 22.09.2011 US 201161537588 P P.O. Box 1813 Vika 0123 Oslo (NO) (71) Applicant: Bioforsk 1432 ÅS (NO) (54) Composition useful in pest control (57) The present invention relates to the monitoring, trolling and preventing infestation of fruit by moths be- attracting pest insects and rendering pest insects harm- longing to the order Lepidoptera, such as e.g. Argyresthia less in order to reduce or prevent infestation of crops. conjugella, Cydia pomonella, Hedya nubiflerana and More particular, the present invention relates to the com- Pandemis heparama. positions, means and methods useful in monitoring, con- EP 2 572 579 A1 Printed by Jouve, 75001 PARIS (FR) EP 2 572 579 A1 Description The field of invention 5 [0001] The present invention relates to the monitoring of pest insects, attracting pest insects and rendering pest insects harmless in order to reduce or prevent infestation of crops.
    [Show full text]
  • IIIIIHIIIIIIINII 3 0692 1078 60« 1' University of Ghana
    University of Ghana http://ugspace.ug.edu.gh SITY Of OMAN* IIBRADV QL391.N4 B51 blthrC.1 G365673 The Balme Library IIIIIHIIIIIIINII 3 0692 1078 60« 1' University of Ghana http://ugspace.ug.edu.gh GUINEA WORM: SOCIO-CULTURAL STUDIES, MORPHOMETRY, HISTOMORPHOLOGY, VECTOR SPECIES AND DNA PROBE FOR DRACUNCULUS SPECIES. A thesis Presented to the Board of Graduate Studies, University of Ghana, Legon. Ghana. In fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) (Zoology). Langbong Bimi M. Phil. Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Ghana Legon, Accra, Ghana. September 2001 University of Ghana http://ugspace.ug.edu.gh DECLARATION I do hereby declare that except for references to other people’s investigations which I duly acknowledged, this exercise is the result of my own original research, and that this thesis, either in whole, or in part, has not been presented for another degree elsewhere. PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR SIGNATURE DATE LANGBONG BIMI -==4=^". (STUDENT) University of Ghana http://ugspace.ug.edu.gh 1 DEDICATION This thesis is dedicated to the Bimi family in memory of our late father - Mr. Combian Bimi Dapaah (CBD), affectionately known as Nanaanbuang by his admirers. You never limited us with any preconceived notions of what we could or could not achieve. You made us to understand that the best kind of knowledge to have is that which is learned for its own sake, and that even the largest task can be accomplished if it is done one step at a time. University of Ghana http://ugspace.ug.edu.gh SUPERVISORS NATU DATE 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Life Cycle of Agriotes Wireworms and Their Effect on Maize Cultivation – from a Swedish Perspective
    Department of Ecology Life cycle of Agriotes wireworms and their effect on maize cultivation – From a Swedish perspective Ellen Stolpe Nordin Agriculture Programme – Soil and Plant Sciences Bachelor’s thesis Uppsala 2017 Independent project/Degree project / SLU, Department of Ecology 2017:3 Life cycle of Agriotes wireworms and their effect in maize cultivation – from a Swedish perspective Ellen Stolpe Nordin Supervisors: Laura Riggi, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Ecology Barbara Ekbom, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Ecology Examiner: Riccardo Bommarco, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Ecology Credits: 15 Level: G2E Course title: Independent Project in Biology – Bachelor’s thesis Course code: EX0689 Programme/education: Agriculture Programme – Soil and Plant Sciences Place of publication: Uppsala Year of publication: 2017 Cover picture: Chris Moody Title of series: Independent project/Degree project / SLU, Department of Ecology Part no: 2017:3 Online publication: http://stud.epsilon.slu.se Keywords: Elateridae, Agriotes, lifecycle, control, maize Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Faculty of Natural Resources and Agricultural Sciences Department of Ecology 2 Sammanfattning Majsodlingen i Sverige har ökat med nästan 60% det senaste årtioendet. Med ökad majs odling finns det en möjlighet att problem med knäpparlarver ökar i denna produktion. Knäpparlarver är vanliga i Sverige och de arter som räknas som skadegörare är Agriotes lineatus (L.), Agriotes obscurus (L.) och Agriotes sputator (L.). I Sverige har ingen forskning gjorts på knäppares livscykel. Detta kan vara problematiskt när kontroll av dessa larver behövs. Knäppare gynnas i gräsmarker, exempelvis i vallar, där de har stor tillgång på underjordiska växtdelar som de äter, i denna typ av marker är också markfuktigheten högra vilket är viktigt för att egg och larver ska kunna utvecklas.
    [Show full text]
  • Peach Volatile Emission and Attractiveness of Different Host Plant
    www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Peach volatile emission and attractiveness of diferent host plant volatiles blends to Cydia molesta in adjacent peach and pear orchards Peng‑fei Lu1* & Hai‑li Qiao2 The oriental fruit moth (OFM), Cydia (= Grapholitha) molesta, is a highly damaging pest; peaches are its primary host, and pears serve as post‑peach secondary hosts during the late season in China. We collected volatiles from detached peach shoots and fruits, and identifed them with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Antennally active compounds were identifed by gas chromatography-electroantennogram detection (GC-EAD), and these were further tested in the laboratory and feld. We detected consistent electroantennographic activity was for ten compounds. Signifcantly more C. molesta females were caught with a mixture of female EAD-active compounds identifed from the detached matured peach fruits (nonanal, butyl acetate, 3-methylbutyl acetate, hexyl acetate, (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate, linalool and farnesene) than other mixtures mimicking the volatile profle from detached matured fruits or shoots. We identifed a new GC-EAD active mixture from intact peach shoots composed of nonanal, (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate, (E)-β-ocimene, and 6-methyl- 5-hepten-2-one. In the feld test, the background odour of orchards could afect trap catches, and two peach-derived blends together with two previously known pear-derived blends were proven to be able to monitor the seasonal OFM population dispersal in adjacent orchards. These host plant blends will be efective for further designing candidate attractants for season-long C. molesta population dynamic monitoring. Phytochemicals are important olfactory cues for moths to fnd hosts and lay eggs 1–4.
    [Show full text]
  • Soil Type Mediates the Effectiveness of Biological Control Against Limonius Californicus (Coleoptera: Elateridae) Pooria Ensafi,1 David W
    Journal of Economic Entomology, 111(5), 2018, 2053–2058 doi: 10.1093/jee/toy196 Advance Access Publication Date: 6 July 2018 Biological and Microbial Control Research Article Soil Type Mediates the Effectiveness of Biological Control Against Limonius californicus (Coleoptera: Elateridae) Pooria Ensafi,1 David W. Crowder,2 Aaron D. Esser,3 Zhiguo Zhao,4 Juliet M. Marshall,1 and Arash Rashed1,5,6 1Department of Entomology, Plant Pathology and Nematology, Aberdeen Research and Extension Center, University of Idaho, 2 3 Aberdeen, ID 83210, Department of Entomology, Washington State University Extension, Ritzville, WA 99164, Washington Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/jee/article/111/5/2053/5049656 by guest on 24 September 2021 State University, Extension, Ritzville, WA 99169, 4Department of Entomology, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China, 5Department of Entomology, Plant Pathology and Nematology, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844, and 6Corresponding author, e-mail: [email protected] Subject Editor: Surendra Dara Received 22 March 2018; Editorial decision 18 June 2018 Abstract Wireworms, the larval stage of click beetles (Coleoptera: Elateridae), are a considerable threat to cereal and vegetable production in the Pacific Northwest and Intermountain regions of the United States. As insecticides are generally ineffective, alternative controls are needed to improve wireworm management. Wireworms are continuously exposed to a wide range of subterranean pathogenic organisms in the soil; identifying these organisms and determining their impact would contribute to the development of biological control for wireworms. Here, we evaluated the efficacy of an entomopathogenic nematode, Steinernema carpocapsae (Weiser) (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae), and a fungus, Metarhizium brunneum Petch (strain F52) (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae), for control of the Pacific Northwest predominant wireworm speciesLimonius californicus, in two different soil media.
    [Show full text]
  • Invertebrate Pest Management for Pacific Northwest Pastures
    Invertebrate Pest Management for Pacific Northwest Pastures A.J. Dreves, N. Kaur. M.G. Bohle, D. Hannaway, G.C. Fisher and S.I. Rondon Photo: Mylen Bohle, © Oregon State University Figure 1. A pasture in the Pacific Northwest. Introduction Amy J. Dreves, Extension A well-managed pasture (Figure 1) has several ecological and economic benefits. pest management However, a variety of pests can diminish those benefits. specialist, University of the Virgin Islands; Several species of arthropods (insects, mites and garden symphylans), and gastropods Navneet Kaur, Extension (slugs) inhabit pastures of the Pacific Northwest of the United States. Newly planted entomologist; Mylen Bohle, pastures are more vulnerable to damage caused by invertebrate pests carried over Extension agronomist; from previous rotations if preventative measures such as tillage practices, adjustment David Hannaway, Extension of planting times, removal of infected plant material and healthy plant-management forage specialist; Glenn tactics are not followed. Infestations in established pastures occur when migrating pest Fisher, emeritus Extension populations attack from adjacent areas. entomologist; and Silvia Either way, an invertebrate pest population can reduce a pasture’s productivity and Rondon, Extension yield when damage exceeds an intolerable level generally referred to as an economic entomology specialist, all of threshold level. Pest populations tend to fluctuate in nature and are heavily regulated Oregon State University. by climate, food availability and ecosystem disturbance. Biological factors such as predators, parasites and entomopathogens also play an important role in pest population suppression (Figure 2, page 2). An integrated pest management strategy can maintain pest populations below economically damaging levels. IPM is a holistic approach that relies on knowledge of pest biology and ecology and their interactions with and within systems.
    [Show full text]