Shoreland Lighting

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Shoreland Lighting 1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Produced by the Northwest Regional Planning Commission, September 2007. Funded in part by the Wisconsin Coastal Management Program. Financial assistance for this project was provided by the Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972, as amended, administered by the Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration pursuant to grant #96003-006.13 and the Wisconsin Coastal Management Program. The Wisconsin Coastal Management Program, part of the Wisconsin Department Of Administration, and overseen by the Wisconsin Coastal Management Council, was established in 1978 to preserve, protect and manage the resources of the Lake Michigan and Lake Superior coastline for this and future generations. Funded by the Wisconsin Department of administration Wisconsin Coastal Management Program. Author: Jason K. Laumann Special thanks go to Dr. Lowell Klessig (Ret.), Mike Kroenke, Gene Clark, UW-Sea Grant, Duane Lahti, Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources and Doug Miskowiak at the UWSP Center for Land Use Education for their review and comments. Thanks also to Steve Rannenberg (Douglas County Zoning) and Karl Kastrosky (Bayfield County Zoning) for their assistance in identifying subdivision visualization sites, and to ABDI for their assistance in identifying native plant species. Credit also goes to the UWSP Center for Land Use Education for development of the subdivision visualization models. i Table of Contents Introduction .........................................................................................................................................................................1 WHY IS IT IMPORTANT TO PROTECT SCENIC BEAUTY? .............................................................................................................1 BEAUTY IS IN THE EYE OF THE BEHOLDER,RIGHT? .................................................................................................................2 VISUAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT AND PUBLIC POLICY ...........................................................................................................3 Characterizing Coastal Scenic beauty ..............................................................................................................................5 THE COASTAL SETTING ........................................................................................................................................................6 VIVIDNESS,INTACTNESS &UNITY ..........................................................................................................................................9 LANDSCAPE ELEMENTS ......................................................................................................................................................11 Landforms ....................................................................................................................................................................11 Shoreline characteristics ..............................................................................................................................................11 Red Clay Bluffs.........................................................................................................................................................12 Sandstone Bluffs ......................................................................................................................................................12 Sea Caves................................................................................................................................................................12 Sand Beaches ..........................................................................................................................................................13 Sloughs ....................................................................................................................................................................13 Vegetation....................................................................................................................................................................13 Coastal Land Use and Development............................................................................................................................13 Historic/Cultural............................................................................................................................................................14 Architectural .................................................................................................................................................................15 DESIGN ELEMENTS.............................................................................................................................................................16 Form.............................................................................................................................................................................17 Line ..............................................................................................................................................................................17 Color ............................................................................................................................................................................17 Texture.........................................................................................................................................................................17 COASTAL VIEWSHEDS.........................................................................................................................................................18 LANDSCAPE VISIBILITY........................................................................................................................................................20 VISUAL ABSORPTION CAPABILITY ........................................................................................................................................23 ii Visual Resources of Wisconsin’s Lake Superior South Shore .....................................................................................28 THE PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT .............................................................................................................................................29 SCENIC SHORELINES..........................................................................................................................................................31 SCENIC HIGHWAY CORRIDORS &ROADSIDE VISTAS .............................................................................................................35 Primary Travel Corridors ..........................................................................................................................................35 THE ROADWAY VIEWSHED ..................................................................................................................................................39 SOUTH SHORE ROADWAY VIEWSHEDS.................................................................................................................................41 Iron County to Bayfield County.....................................................................................................................................41 State Highway 13 Corridor on the Bayfield Peninsula..................................................................................................42 Douglas County Line to the City of Superior ................................................................................................................42 PUBLIC ACCESS POINTS AND SCENIC VIEW POINTS ..............................................................................................................43 PUBLIC LANDS ...................................................................................................................................................................47 Tools to Protect Scenic Beauty.......................................................................................................................................50 Coastal Siting and Design Guidelines.............................................................................................................................51 CHOOSING A BUILDING SITE................................................................................................................................................52 TOPOGRAPHY AND VEGETATION..........................................................................................................................................53 ANALYZE POTENTIAL VISIBILITY...........................................................................................................................................54 CREATE A SITE PLAN..........................................................................................................................................................55 DESIGN GUIDELINES...........................................................................................................................................................56 Form & Scale ...............................................................................................................................................................56 LINE..................................................................................................................................................................................59
Recommended publications
  • Superior Coastal Plain Regional Master Plan
    Superior Coastal Plain Regional Master Plan February 2019 PUB-LF-112 (2018) Superior Coastal Plain Regional Master Plan Approved by the Natural Resources Board February 27, 2019 Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources Preston D. Cole – Secretary Natural Resources Board Dr. Frederick Prehn, Chair Greg Kazmierski, Vice Chair Julie Anderson, Secretary William Bruins Terry N. Hilgenberg Gary Zimmer Fred Clark 101 S. Webster St, P.O. Box 7921 Madison, WI 53707-7921 DNR PUB–LF–112 i The Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources provides equal opportunity in its employment, programs and services and functions under an Affirmative Action Plan. If you have any questions, please write to the Equal Opportunity Office, Department of the Interior, Washington D.C. 20240. This publication is available in alternative formats (large print, Braille, audio tape, etc.) upon request. Please contact the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, Bureau of Facilities and Lands at 608-266-2135 for more information. This publication is available online at http://dnr.wi.gov, keyword search “Property Planning.” Click on the Superior Coastal Plain region to download this document in PDF form. Cover Photo by Kevin Feind, Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources ii REGIONAL MASTER PLAN TEAM MEMBERS CORE TEAM Pat Beringer Wildlife Management Supervisor Cameron Bump Northwest Recreation Liaison Nancy Christel Wildlife Biologist Robert Hanson Wildlife Biologist Steve Hoffman Wildlife Management Supervisor Dave Kafura Forest Hydrologist Nolan Kriegel Forester Ryan Magana
    [Show full text]
  • Hog Island/Newton Creek Habitat Restoration Project St. Louis River Area of Concern, Superior, Wisconsin NOAA Great Lakes Habitat Restoration Program June 2011
    Hog Island/Newton Creek Habitat Restoration Project St. Louis River Area of Concern, Superior, Wisconsin NOAA Great Lakes Habitat Restoration Program June 2011 Background Hog Island is a place of scenic beauty and high ecological value. Located at the “headwaters of Lake Superior,” at the far western end of the lake within the city of Superior, Wisconsin, the area is regionally important both as an ecological resource and a recreational and scenic amenity. For many years the area has served as a disposal site for dredge spoils, a railway yard, and a repository for industrial byproducts. In 1987, the St. Louis River, including Hog Island, was designated as an Area of Concern (AOC) due to numerous beneficial use impairments (BUIs), including loss of fish and wildlife habitat, degradation of fish and wildlife populations, degradation of benthos, beach closings, and others. Despite these conditions, Hog Island, Hog Island Inlet, Newton Creek, Allouez Bay, and Pokegama Bay are extremely important for local and migratory fish and wildlife populations. Ecological restoration within these areas through NOAA’s Great Lakes Habitat Restoration Program will provide essential habitat for rare, threatened and endangered species; control invasive vegetation and other threats to ecological viability; improve water and sediment quality; and provide recreation and an aesthetic amenity for local residents and visitors. Moving from Remediation to Restoration Remediation of contaminated materials at Hog Island/Newton Creek was completed in 2005 after a 10‐year, multi‐phase cleanup process. During the final phase 60,000 tons of contaminated sediments were removed from the lower portions of Newton Creek and Hog Island Inlet.
    [Show full text]
  • Fishing Regulations, 2020-2021, Available Online, from Your License Distributor, Or Any DNR Service Center
    Wisconsin Fishing.. it's fun and easy! To use this pamphlet, follow these 5 easy steps: Restrictions: Be familiar with What's New on page 4 and the License Requirements 1 and Statewide Fishing Restrictions on pages 8-11. Trout fishing: If you plan to fish for trout, please see the separate inland trout 2 regulations booklet, Guide to Wisconsin Trout Fishing Regulations, 2020-2021, available online, from your license distributor, or any DNR Service Center. Special regulations: Check for special regulations on the water you will be fishing 3 in the section entitled Special Regulations-Listed by County beginning on page 28. Great Lakes, Winnebago System Waters, and Boundary Waters: If you are 4 planning to fish on the Great Lakes, their tributaries, Winnebago System waters or waters bordering other states, check the appropriate tables on pages 64–76. Statewide rules: If the water you will be fishing is not found in theSpecial Regulations- 5 Listed by County and is not a Great Lake, Winnebago system, or boundary water, statewide rules apply. See the regulation table for General Inland Waters on pages 62–63 for seasons, length and bag limits, listed by species. ** This pamphlet is an interpretive summary of Wisconsin’s fishing laws and regulations. For complete fishing laws and regulations, including those that are implemented after the publica- tion of this pamphlet, consult the Wisconsin State Statutes Chapter 29 or the Administrative Code of the Department of Natural Resources. Consult the legislative website - http://docs. legis.wi.gov - for more information. For the most up-to-date version of this pamphlet, go to dnr.wi.gov search words, “fishing regulations.
    [Show full text]
  • RV Sites in the United States Location Map 110-Mile Park Map 35 Mile
    RV sites in the United States This GPS POI file is available here: https://poidirectory.com/poifiles/united_states/accommodation/RV_MH-US.html Location Map 110-Mile Park Map 35 Mile Camp Map 370 Lakeside Park Map 5 Star RV Map 566 Piney Creek Horse Camp Map 7 Oaks RV Park Map 8th and Bridge RV Map A AAA RV Map A and A Mesa Verde RV Map A H Hogue Map A H Stephens Historic Park Map A J Jolly County Park Map A Mountain Top RV Map A-Bar-A RV/CG Map A. W. Jack Morgan County Par Map A.W. Marion State Park Map Abbeville RV Park Map Abbott Map Abbott Creek (Abbott Butte) Map Abilene State Park Map Abita Springs RV Resort (Oce Map Abram Rutt City Park Map Acadia National Parks Map Acadiana Park Map Ace RV Park Map Ackerman Map Ackley Creek Co Park Map Ackley Lake State Park Map Acorn East Map Acorn Valley Map Acorn West Map Ada Lake Map Adam County Fairgrounds Map Adams City CG Map Adams County Regional Park Map Adams Fork Map Page 1 Location Map Adams Grove Map Adelaide Map Adirondack Gateway Campgroun Map Admiralty RV and Resort Map Adolph Thomae Jr. County Par Map Adrian City CG Map Aerie Crag Map Aeroplane Mesa Map Afton Canyon Map Afton Landing Map Agate Beach Map Agnew Meadows Map Agricenter RV Park Map Agua Caliente County Park Map Agua Piedra Map Aguirre Spring Map Ahart Map Ahtanum State Forest Map Aiken State Park Map Aikens Creek West Map Ainsworth State Park Map Airplane Flat Map Airport Flat Map Airport Lake Park Map Airport Park Map Aitkin Co Campground Map Ajax Country Livin' I-49 RV Map Ajo Arena Map Ajo Community Golf Course Map
    [Show full text]
  • 2009 STATE PARKS GUIDE.Qxd
    VISITOR INFORMATION GUIDE FOR STATE PARKS, FORESTS, RECREATION AREAS & TRAILS Welcome to the Wisconsin State Park System! As Governor, I am proud to welcome you to enjoy one of Wisconsin’s most cherished resources – our state parks. Wisconsin is blessed with a wealth of great natural beauty. It is a legacy we hold dear, and a call for stewardship we take very seriously. WelcomeWelcome In caring for this land, we follow in the footsteps of some of nation’s greatest environmentalists; leaders like Aldo Leopold and Gaylord Nelson – original thinkers with a unique connection to this very special place. For more than a century, the Wisconsin State Park System has preserved our state’s natural treasures. We have balanced public access with resource conservation and created a state park system that today stands as one of the finest in the nation. We’re proud of our state parks and trails, and the many possibilities they offer families who want to camp, hike, swim or simply relax in Wisconsin’s great outdoors. Each year more than 14 million people visit one of our state park properties. With 99 locations statewide, fun and inspiration are always close at hand. I invite you to enjoy our great parks – and join us in caring for the land. Sincerely, Jim Doyle Governor Front cover photo: Devil’s Lake State Park, by RJ & Linda Miller. Inside spread photo: Governor Dodge State Park, by RJ & Linda Miller. 3 Fees, Reservations & General Information Campers on first-come, first-served sites must Interpretive Programs Admission Stickers occupy the site the first night and any Many Wisconsin state parks have nature centers A vehicle admission sticker is required on consecutive nights for which they have with exhibits on the natural and cultural history all motor vehicles stopping in state park registered.
    [Show full text]
  • Wisconsin Great Lakes Chronicle 2005 CONTENTS
    Wisconsin Great Lakes Chronicle 2005 CONTENTS Foreword . .1 Governor Jim Doyle Apostle Islands Wilderness . .2 Harald (Jordy) Jordahl Sustainable Development in the Menomonee Valley . .4 Mary Beth Driscoll Protecting Beach Health in Door County . .6 Vinni Chomeau Lake Michigan Communities Reinvent for Tourism . .8 Jennifer Garrett Coastal Performance Indicators . .10 Elizabeth Mountz Waterfront Redevelopment . .12 Andrew Savagian State and Federal Coordination on Wisconsin’s Great Lakes . .14 Kathleen Angel 2005 Wisconsin Coastal Management Program Grants . .16 Acknowledgements . .20 On the Cover A sailing charter cruises among the Apostle Islands in the blue waters of Lake Superior. FOREWORD Governor Jim Doyle Dear Friend of Wisconsin’s Great Lakes: The 1,100 miles of been adopted by the Great Lakes Mayors and the The responsibility to restore and protect the Great Great Lakes shoreline in Great Lakes Commission. Among them: Lakes is not limited to state and local government. Wisconsin shape who We call upon the federal government to recognize • Confront the challenge of invasive species and we are in this state. the value of our Great Lakes and the influence they guard against ballast water discharges from ocean- Lake Superior and Lake have on our country’s welfare. We need a going ships that can damage the Lakes forever; Michigan are critically commitment of federal resources comparable to important for commerce, • Protect the sustainable use of our water resources those provided for ecological restoration in the Gulf safe drinking water and while confirming that the States retain authority of Mexico, the Everglades and San Francisco Bay. countless recreational over water use and diversions of Great Lakes waters; One of Wisconsin’s—and America’s—greatest opportunities.
    [Show full text]
  • Water Quality Report to Congress - 2018
    Water Quality Report to Congress - 2018 Wisconsin Water Quality Report to Congress 2018 Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources Water Quality Bureau Division of Environmental Management Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources 101 South Webster Street • PO Box 7921 • Madison, Wisconsin 53707-7921 dnr.wi.gov i Water Quality Report to Congress - 2018 Governor Scott Walker Natural Resources Board Terry Hilgenberg, Chair Dr. Frederick Rehn, Vice-Chair Julie Anderson, Secretary William Bruins Preston D. Cole Gregory Kazmierski Gary Zimmer Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources Daniel Meyer, Secretary Ed Eberle, Deputy Secretary Pat Stevens, Assistant Deputy Jim Zellmer, Environmental Division Deputy Administrator Sharon Gayan, Director, Water Quality Bureau Steve Galarneau, Director, Office of Great Waters Pam Biersach, Director, Watershed Management Justine Hasz, Director, Fisheries Management Steve Elmore, Director, Drinking Water & Groundwater Cover Photo: View of Seidel Lake in Florence County. Photo by Luke Ernster. ii Water Quality Report to Congress - 2018 Wisconsin’s Water Quality Report The Federal Clean Water Act (CWA) requires all states to prepare a Water Quality Report to Congress every two years. This “Integrated Report” combines the CWA sections 305(b) and 303(d). The report contains an overall summary of water quality conditions in the State and an updated Impaired Waters List. Wisconsin data are also provided electronically to the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as part of the Integrated Reporting Process. Wisconsin’s 2018 Wisconsin Water Quality Report to Congress summarizes assessment progress and activities related to water quality protection during the past two years. This document is an online publication only that can be accessed at the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources (WDNR) website: http://dnr.wi.gov/topic/surfacewater/assessments.html.
    [Show full text]
  • Wisconsin's Wildlife Action Plan (2005-2015)
    Wisconsin’s Wildlife Action Plan (2005-2015) IMPLEMENTATION: Priority Conservation Actions & Conservation Opportunity Areas Prepared by: Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources with Assistance from Conservation Partners, June 30th, 2008 06/19/2008 page 2 of 93 Wisconsin’s Wildlife Action Plan (2005-2015) IMPLEMENTATION: Priority Conservation Actions & Conservation Opportunity Areas Acknowledgments Wisconsin’s Wildlife Action Plan is a roadmap of conservation actions needed to ensure our wildlife and natural communities will be with us in the future. The original plan provides an immense volume of data useful to help guide conservation decisions. All of the individuals acknowledged for their work compiling the plan have a continuous appreciation from the state of Wisconsin for their commitment to SGCN. Implementing the conservation actions is a priority for the state of Wisconsin. To put forward a strategy for implementation, there was a need to develop a process for priority decision-making, narrowing the list of actions to a more manageable number, and identifying opportunity areas to best apply conservation actions. A subset of the Department’s ecologists and conservation scientists were assigned the task of developing the implementation strategy. Their dedicated commitment and tireless efforts for wildlife species and natural community conservation led this document. Principle Process Coordinators Tara Bergeson – Wildlife Action Plan Implementation Coordinator Dawn Hinebaugh – Data Coordinator Terrell Hyde – Assistant Zoologist (Prioritization
    [Show full text]
  • Wisconsin's Great Island Escape!
    Largest of the Apostle Islands. Lake Superior. Wisconsin. Madeline Island 2o19 Visitor Guide 715.747.28o1 | madelineisland.com N Devils North Twin Island Island South Madeline Island Chamber of Commerce Rocky Cat Outer Bear Twin Island Island MADELINE Island Island Island www.madelineisland.com 715-747-28o1 YorkIsland | IronwoodIsland Sand Island Otter Island ISLAND Raspberry Manitou Island come over. Eagle Island Island is Oak Stockton Island Island N Shore Rd Gull 90 miles Island 13 K Hermit N from Duluth Island Michigan 13 Red Cliff Basswood Island 220 miles from13 Cornucopia Island MinneapolisHerbster C Bayfield Kron-Dahlin Ln H Madeline WISCONSIN Island 320 miles 13 from Madison La Pointe Amnicon Point 450 miles Long Island Lake Superior School House Road C Scale: from Chicago Chequamegon Chippewa Trail Washburn Chequamegon Point 0 1 2 3 4 5 Bay Anderson Lane 13 Umbrage Road Some visitors have come since childhood2 Odanahand others G Ashland have just discovered the turn-of-the-century2 charm Blacktop Big Bay Rd (County H) Bike Lane on Shoulder of Bayfield on the mainland and La Pointe Blvd Benjamin’s Gravel Road on Madeline Island. One of 22 Apostle North Shore Rd Hiking Trail Islands, Madeline’s population ranges Big Bay Town Park from 220 in the winter to 2,500 In 1659, the explorers and fur traders in the summer. Ferries cross from Big Bay Groseilliers and Radisson came to Chequamegon spring breakup until late winter with Bay and for 150 years, it was an outpost for passengers on foot or with French, British and American fur traders.
    [Show full text]
  • GLIC Semi-Annual Report
    EPAGLNPO GL-00E01567-6 Semi-annual report October 2019 Page 1 of 135 Great Lakes Coastal Wetland Monitoring Program Semiannual Progress Report April 1, 2019 – September 30, 2019 Prepared for: U.S. EPA GLNPO (G-17J) 77 W. Jackson Blvd. Chicago, IL 60604-3590 Contract/WA/Grant No./Project Identifier: GL-00E01567-6 Prepared by: Dr. Donald G. Uzarski, Principal Investigator CMU Institute for Great Lakes Research CMU Biological Station Department of Biology Central Michigan University Brooks 127 Mount Pleasant, MI 48859 Dr. Valerie J. Brady, QA Manager Center for Water and the Environment Natural Resources Research Institute University of Minnesota Duluth 5013 Miller Trunk Highway Duluth, MN 55811-1442 Dr. Matthew J. Cooper, QA Manager Burke Center for Freshwater Innovation Northland College 1411 Ellis Avenue Ashland, WI 54891 Project Period: Oct. 1, 2015 – Sept. 30, 2020 EPAGLNPO GL-00E01567-6 Semi-annual report October 2019 Page 2 of 135 INTRODUCTION Monitoring the biota of Great Lakes coastal wetlands began as a project funded under the Great Lakes Restoration Initiative on 10 September 2010. The project had the primary objective of implementing a standardized basin‐wide coastal wetland monitoring program. Our first five years of sampling (2011-2015) set the baseline for future sampling years and showed the power of the datasets that can be used to inform decision‐makers on coastal wetland conservation and restoration priorities throughout the Great Lakes basin. During round one, we 1) developed a database management system; 2) developed a standardized sample design with rotating panels of wetland sites to be sampled across years, accompanied by sampling protocols, QAPPs, and other methods documents; and 3) developed background documents on the indicators.
    [Show full text]
  • Lake Superior National Estuarine Research Reserve
    Location: Northwestern corner of Wisconsin along the St. Louis Lake Superior River, bordering Minnesota and Lake Superior National Estuarine Research Reserve Date Designated: 2010 Area Protected: 16,697 acres Web Address: lakesuperiorreserve.org Management: Daily oversight is provided by the University of Wisconsin–Madison Division of Extension. NOAA’s Office for Coastal Management provides funding, national guidance, and technical assistance. Access and Infrastructure • The reserve is a combination of four components located within 10 minutes of each other: Red River Breaks, Pokegama Bay, South of Pokegama Bay, and Wisconsin Point. Each site possesses its own combination of habitats. • Two waterfront structures on Barkers Island are part of the University of Wisconsin–Superior campus. The buildings house administrative offices, a 1,300-square-foot dockside laboratory, a public science and interpretive center, and classrooms. A boat and dock are available to visiting researchers. • The reserve features areas of national significance, including the world’s largest freshwater bay mouth sand bar (Wisconsin Point), estuarine wetlands, and steep, highly erodible red clay bluffs. The Lake Superior National Estuarine Research Reserve is located along a river-to-lake gradient at the confluence of the St. Louis River and Lake Superior, the largest and most pristine of the Great Lakes. The reserve is a combination of varying land areas that include uplands, riparian and riverine habitats, freshwater marshes, interdunal wetlands, forests, and open sand beach and dunes. The reserve is adjacent to the “Twin Ports” of Superior, Wisconsin, and Duluth, Minnesota, which together represent the largest freshwater port in the world. The lower portion of the St.
    [Show full text]
  • St. Louis and Lower Nemadji River Watershed
    Wisconsin St. Louis and Lower Nemadji Watersheds River Watershed 2010 Water Quality Management Plan Update Lake Superior Basin, Wisconsin August, 2010 The t.S Louis River, the largest U.S. tributary to Lake Superior, drains 3,634 square miles, entering the southwestern corner of the lake between Duluth, Minnesota and Superior, Wisconsin. The river flows 179 miles through three distinct areas: coarse soils, glacial till and outwash deposits at its headwaters; a deep, narrow gorge at Jay Cooke State Park in Minnesota; and red clay deposits in its lower reaches. As the St. Louis River approaches Duluth and Superior, the river takes on the characteristics of a 12,000 Contents acre freshwater estuary. The upper estuary has some Watershed Details 1 wilderness-like areas, while the lower estuary is character- Population and Land Use . 1 ized by urban development, an industrial harbor, and Ecological Landscapes . 3 a major port. The lower estuary includes St. Louis Bay, Other Details . 3 Map 1: St Louis River and Lower Nemadji Superior Bay, Allouez Bay, Kimball’s Bay, Pokegama Bay, River Watershed Invasive Species . 3 Howard’s Bay, and the lower Nemadji River. Historical Note . 4 Watershed Details Watershed Condition 4 Priority Issues . 4 Water Quality Goals . 4 Population and Land Use Overall Condition . 4 The watershed is dominated by Point and Nonpoint Sources . 5 forests (65%), agriculture (9%), Fish Consumption Advice . 5 followed closely by open water River and Stream Condition . 5 and open space (8%) (Figure 1). Lakes and Embayments . 16 Wetlands . 17 In 1987, the International Joint Waters of Note: . .22 Commission, an advisory com- mission on U.S-Canadian border Watershed Actions 23 Figure 1: Land Use in the St Louis and Lower Nemadji River Partnership Activities .
    [Show full text]