District Disaster Management and Response Plan
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District Disaster Management and Response Plan (2006 – 2007) Name of the District: GOALPARA (ASSAM) Telephone: +91-3663-240030/240028 Fax : +91-3663-240314 E-Mail : [email protected] Office of the Deputy Commissioner Disaster Management Cell Goalpara Tel: :1077 (03663-243043 Foreword The District Disaster Preparedness and Response Plan, includes the facts and figures that have been collected from various departmental and informal sources with a view to meet the challenges during any Natural Disaster. Collection and classification of data are to be updated twice in May and November every year. The plan has been prepared with the following viewpoints. 1. Contingency Plan in a continuous process. 2. During relief measures social auditing ensures transparency. 3. Involvement of women and PRIs is a must in the entire process. All are cordially invited for their kind suggestion to be incorporated in the plan. (Utpalananda Sarma, IAS) Deputy Commissioner Goalpara 2 Index CHAPTER TOPIC PAGE PLEDGE FOR DISASTER PREPAREDNESS CHAPTER-1 MULTII- HAZARD DIISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 5 CHAPTERNATUNATURAL-2 DISASTERS IN ASSAM: A BRIEF 8 RETROSPECTION AND CURRENT VULNERABILITY. CHAPTER-3 GOALPARA DISTRICT COMMITTEE AND TEAMS 11 CHAPTER-4 MASTER PLAN Disaster Response 15 CHAPTER-5 RISK / HAZARD ANALYSIS 61 CHAPTER-6 VULNERABILITY ANALYSIS 62 CHAPTER-7 INCIDENT COMMAND SYSTEM: 63 (Early Warning & Dissemination) CHAPTER-8 CONTINGENCY PLANS 79 CHAPTER-9 CHECKLIST FOR EFFECTIVE DISASTER 87 MANAGEMENT: (DISTRICT EMERGENCY OPERATIONS CENTRE, DEOC) 3 PLEDGE FOR DISASTER PREPAREDNESS I solemnly pledge – That I shall do everything that is in my power to prevent needless loss to life and property in the wake of calamities and disaster of any kind. That I shall, to the best of my ability assist Government and Civil Society Organizations. · In their efforts to prepare individuals and communities to face the fury of nature. · To mitigate the damage caused in its wake and · In extending rescue, relief and rehabilitation to the victims. That I shall dedicate myself to the task of creating awareness amongst people. · Of the need to be alert to the potential threats in the environment · To act with a sense of responsibility to the community at large in dealing with disasters. · And thus to protect mankind from dangers of its own actions and inaction. That I shall sincerely perform my duty to equip people to face disasters effectively. · So that the destruction caused by them is minimized and the process of recovery is expedited. 4 Chapter - I MULTII- HAZARD DIISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 1.1 DISASTER MANAGEMENT - Why Is It? ‘Natural disaster is a part of our own earth so we can neither avoid it nor is it possible to prevent natural disaster altogether.’ ‘But it’s effects can be reduced through systematic approach by Disaster Management initiatives. It can be an effective tool for saving valuable human lives and mitigation of human misery.’ 1.2 INTRODUCTION – Concepts of Disaster Management Disaster Management: The word Disaster is from a French word Desastre meaning bad or evil star. However this is a very narrow conception of disaster and in our context, any disaster means a situation in which there is a sudden disruption of normalcy within society causing widespread damage to life and property. Typology of disaster- A disaster can be either natural [rain, flood, cyclone, storm, land slides, earthquake, volcanoes] or man made [war including biological, arson, sabotage, riots, accident (train, air, ship), industrial accidents, fires (forest fires), bomb explosions, nuclear explosions and ecological disasters]. The discussion here is confined to the natural disasters. Pre-Independence, droughts and famines were the biggest killers in India. The situation has changed due to a combination of factors like irrigation development, food security measures. Floods, cyclones, droughts, landslides, avalanches and earthquakes are some of the major natural disasters that repeatedly and increasingly affect the country. Vulnerability- Vulnerability is defined as the extent to which a community, structure, service, or geographic area is likely to be damaged or disrupted by the impact of particular hazard, on account of their nature, construction and proximity to hazardous terrain or a disaster prone area. In 1989, the General Assembly of the United Nations proclaimed the decade 1990-2000 as the International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction (IDNDR). At the World Conference on Natural Disaster Reduction in the city of Yokohama, Japan in 1994, deep concern was expressed at the continuing human suffering and disruption of development due to natural disasters and a Yokohama Strategy and Plan of Action for a Safe World was developed. It is not possible to do away with the devastation due to natural hazards completely. However, destruction from natural hazards can be minimized by the presence of well-functioning warning systems, combined with preparedness on the part of the vulnerable community. Disaster management may be seen as a part of good governance. Basic Concepts of Emergency Management- The basic concept suggests that the same management strategies can be applied to all emergencies. Emergencies do not just appear one day, rather they exist throughout time and have a life-cycle of occurrence, and hence the management strategy should match the phases of an emergency in order to mitigate, prepare, respond and recover from its effect. There are four phases in Emergency Management: Mitigation, Preparedness, Response and Recovery. The four phases are visualized as having a circular 5 relationship to each other (Emergency Management Cycle). The activities in one phase may overlap those in the previous one. 1.3 Emergency Management Cycle: Mitigation refers to activities which actually eliminate or reduce the vulnerability or chance of occurrence or the effects of a disaster. Mitigation phase begins with conducting hazard identification and vulnerability analysis which are essential to the planning of all other phases. Hazard identification and vulnerability analysis is a two- step process. First the hazard is identified which has the potential of affecting the population. Secondly, how people, property and structures will be affected by the disastrous event. Preparedness is a state of being ready to react promptly and effectively in the event of an Disaster Management Cycle R emergency. Being prepared C I Disaster R means that a plan of action exists S Impact I for an emergency so that it is K S Preparedness Response clear as to what to do before the I S emergency occurs. M A Rehabilitation M Preparedness measures to be N Mitigation A A undertaken depends upon the N G analysis of hazard severity and Reconstruction A vulnerability, which is also the E Prevention G M E basis for deciding mitigation M E Development E strategy. In some cases, such as N N T a flood or hurricane, an early T warning gives several hours to act. However, often no prior warning of an impending emergency, such as with earthquakes, tornadoes, explosions, or major fires is possible. Preparedness for any emergency, especially those, which strike without notice, requires a plan. It is essential to identify the resources available, and ways to utilize them. It must also be reasonably certain that the plan will work in an emergency situation. Preparedness Plan - The purpose of a plan is to provide a systematic way of responding to an emergency situation. The following aspects should be taken into consideration in the development of Emergency Preparedness Plan. 1.4 Objective Of The Disaster Managemnent Plan: The district is very vulnerable to natural disasters- mainly exposed to heavy floods and erosion and secondly earthquake is also a probable threat. Here it may be mentioned that the district experienced a terrible earthquake in 1897, due to which the town was at once submerged in water. 6 The broad objectives of the multi-hazard disaster management plan may be summarized as: 1. National capacity building support to the Ministry of Home Affairs. 2. Environment building, education, awareness programmes and strengthening the capacity at all levels in natural disaster risk management and sustainable recovery. 3. Multi-hazard preparedness, response and mitigation plans for the programme at state, district, block, gram panchayat and village/ward levels. 4. Networking knowledge on effective approaches, methods and tools for natural disaster risk management, developing and promoting policy frameworks. 1.5 Disasters and its Challenges: Along with perennial floods, earthquakes pose a possible threat, particularly due to the fact that it’s time, location and magnitude cannot be accurately predicted. Moreover, the entire North-Eastern Region of India is located in a seismically active zone. The region has be witness to several violent earthquakes in the past. Challenges created by disasters particularly by the natural disasters such as floods, cyclones and high-intensity earthquakes are; · To rescue and evacuate trapped people · To provide first aid to the injured · To take care of children, women and disabled people · To transfer the seriously injured and people needing urgent medical attention to hospitals · To restore communication network and essential services · To clear debris blocking roads and communication networks · To provide shelter and relief to homeless people · To arrange for food and drinking water to the affected people · To take immediate measure for disposal of dead bodies and animal carcass