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Chthonic Aspects of Macdonald's Phantastes: from the Rising of The
Chthonic Aspects of MacDonald’s Phantastes: From the Rising of the Goddess to the Anodos of Anodos Fernando Soto The Herios was a woman’s festival. Plutarch of course could not be present at the secret ceremonies of the Thyaiades, but his friend Thyia, their president, would tell him all a man might know . From the rites known to him he promptly conjectured that it was a “Bringing up of Semele.” Semele, it is acknowledged, is but a Thraco-Phrygian form of Gaia, The “Bringing up of Semele” is but the Anodos of Gala or of Kore the Earth Maiden. It is the Return of the vegetation or Year-Spirit in the spring. (Jane Harrison, Themis 416) 1. Introduction and General Backgrounds hantastes is one of the most mysterious books George MacDonald wrote andP one of the least understood books in the English tradition. Since its publication in 1858, reviewers, readers and researchers have experienced great difficulties understanding the meaning of this complex work.The perceived impediments have been so great that some scholars remain unsure whether Phantastes contains a coherent plot or structure (Reis 87, 89, 93-94; Robb 85, 97; etc.). Other critics appear adamant that it contains neither (Wolff 50; Manlove, Modern 55, 71, 77, 79; England 65, 93, 122). Even those scholars who sense a structure or perceive a plot differ not only regarding the types of structure(s) and/or plot(s) they acknowledge (Docherty 17-22; McGillis “Community” 51-63; Gunther “First Two” 32-42), but in deciding into what, if any, genres or traditions Phantastes belongs (Prickett, “Bildungsroman” 109-23; Docherty 19, 23, 30, McGillis, “Femininity” 31-45; etc.). -
The Waterway of Hellespont and Bosporus: the Origin of the Names and Early Greek Haplology
The Waterway of Hellespont and Bosporus: the Origin of the Names and Early Greek Haplology Dedicated to Henry and Renee Kahane* DEMETRIUS J. GEORGACAS ABBREVIATIONS AND BIBLIOGRAPHY 1. A few abbreviations are listed: AJA = American Journal of Archaeology. AJP = American Journal of Philology (The Johns Hopkins Press, Baltimore, Md.). BB = Bezzenbergers Beitriige zur Kunde der indogermanischen Sprachen. BNF = Beitriige zur Namenforschung (Heidelberg). OGL = Oorpus Glossariorum Latinorum, ed. G. Goetz. 7 vols. Lipsiae, 1888-1903. Chantraine, Dict. etym. = P. Chantraine, Dictionnaire etymologique de la langue grecque. Histoire des mots. 2 vols: A-K. Paris, 1968, 1970. Eberts RLV = M. Ebert (ed.), Reallexikon der Vorgeschichte. 16 vols. Berlin, 1924-32. EBr = Encyclopaedia Britannica. 30 vols. Chicago, 1970. EEBE = 'E:rccr'YJel~ t:ET:ateeta~ Bv~avnvwv E:rcovowv (Athens). EEC/JE = 'E:rcuJT'YJfhOVtUn ' E:rccrrJel~ C/JtAOaocptufj~ EXOAfj~ EIsl = The Encyclopaedia of Islam (Leiden and London) 1 (1960)-. Frisk, GEJV = H. Frisk, Griechisches etymologisches Worterbuch. 2 vols. Heidelberg, 1954 to 1970. GEL = Liddell-Scott-Jones, A Greek-English Lexicon. Oxford, 1925-40. A Supplement, 1968. GaM = Geographi Graeci Minores, ed. C. Miiller. GLM = Geographi Latini Minores, ed. A. Riese. GR = Geographical Review (New York). GZ = Geographische Zeitschrift (Berlin). IF = Indogermanische Forschungen (Berlin). 10 = Inscriptiones Graecae (Berlin). LB = Linguistique Balkanique (Sofia). * A summary of this paper was read at the meeting of the Linguistic Circle of Manitoba and North Dakota on 24 October 1970. My thanks go to Prof. Edmund Berry of the Univ. of Manitoba for reading a draft of the present study and for stylistic and other suggestions, and to the Editor of Names, Dr. -
THE ODYSSEY of HOMER Translated by WILLIAM COWPER LONDON: PUBLISHED by J·M·DENT·&·SONS·LTD and in NEW YORK by E·P·DUTTON & CO to the RIGHT HONOURABLE
THE ODYSSEY OF HOMER Translated by WILLIAM COWPER LONDON: PUBLISHED by J·M·DENT·&·SONS·LTD AND IN NEW YORK BY E·P·DUTTON & CO TO THE RIGHT HONOURABLE COUNTESS DOWAGER SPENCER THE FOLLOWING TRANSLATION OF THE ODYSSEY, A POEM THAT EXHIBITS IN THE CHARACTER OF ITS HEROINE AN EXAMPLE OF ALL DOMESTIC VIRTUE, IS WITH EQUAL PROPRIETY AND RESPECT INSCRIBED BY HER LADYSHIP’S MOST DEVOTED SERVANT, THE AUTHOR. THE ODYSSEY OF HOMER TRANSLATED INTO ENGLISH BLANK VERSE BOOK I ARGUMENT In a council of the Gods, Minerva calls their attention to Ulysses, still a wanderer. They resolve to grant him a safe return to Ithaca. Minerva descends to encourage Telemachus, and in the form of Mentes directs him in what manner to proceed. Throughout this book the extravagance and profligacy of the suitors are occasionally suggested. Muse make the man thy theme, for shrewdness famedAnd genius versatile, who far and wideA Wand’rer, after Ilium overthrown,Discover’d various cities, and the mindAnd manners learn’d of men, in lands remote.He num’rous woes on Ocean toss’d, endured,Anxious to save himself, and to conductHis followers to their home; yet all his carePreserved them not; they perish’d self-destroy’dBy their own fault; infatuate! who devoured10The oxen of the all-o’erseeing Sun,And, punish’d for that crime, return’d no more.Daughter divine of Jove, these things record,As it may please thee, even in our ears.The rest, all those who had perdition ’scapedBy war or on the Deep, dwelt now at home;Him only, of his country and his wifeAlike desirous, in her hollow grotsCalypso, Goddess beautiful, detainedWooing him to her arms. -
Title Page Echoes of the Salpinx: the Trumpet in Ancient Greek Culture
Title Page Echoes of the salpinx: the trumpet in ancient Greek culture. Carolyn Susan Bowyer. Royal Holloway, University of London. MPhil. 1 Declaration of Authorship I Carolyn Susan Bowyer hereby declare that this thesis and the work presented in it is entirely my own. Where I have consulted the work of others, this is always clearly stated. Signed: ______________________ Date: ________________________ 2 Echoes of the salpinx : the trumpet in ancient Greek culture. Abstract The trumpet from the 5th century BC in ancient Greece, the salpinx, has been largely ignored in modern scholarship. My thesis begins with the origins and physical characteristics of the Greek trumpet, comparing trumpets from other ancient cultures. I then analyse the sounds made by the trumpet, and the emotions caused by these sounds, noting the growing sophistication of the language used by Greek authors. In particular, I highlight its distinctively Greek association with the human voice. I discuss the range of signals and instructions given by the trumpet on the battlefield, demonstrating a developing technical vocabulary in Greek historiography. In my final chapter, I examine the role of the trumpet in peacetime, playing its part in athletic competitions, sacrifice, ceremonies, entertainment and ritual. The thesis re-assesses and illustrates the significant and varied roles played by the trumpet in Greek culture. 3 Echoes of the salpinx : the trumpet in ancient Greek culture Title page page 1 Declaration of Authorship page 2 Abstract page 3 Table of Contents pages -
Words: Dragon, Andromeda, Medusa, Perseus, Myth
Athens Journal of Mediterranean Studies - Volume 7, Issue 3, July 2021 – Pages 201-232 Medusa Must Die! The Virgin and the Defiled in Greco-Roman Medusa and Andromeda Myths By Sharon Khalifa-Gueta* Andromeda and Medusa are two types within the same motif—that of the motif of ―the woman and the dragon‖. This article positions a mythical hero between these two women and contrasts their relationship with dragons, along with a further fresh investigation of women and dragons in ritual and cultural context. The complexity of this motif, in contrast to the dragon-slayer topos, is explored, shedding light on social views, desires, and fears toward women in the ancient Greco-Roman cultural context. These female figures are contrasted within one mythical sequence, elucidating their educational role for men. This investigation also confronts the ―good‖ versus the ―defiled‖ woman and clarifies why a ―holy-defiled‖ woman, such as Medusa, cannot exist in patriarchal cultures, and therefore must be isolated, killed, or otherwise controlled by patriarchal society. Keywords: dragon, Andromeda, Medusa, Perseus, myth Introduction The myth sequence of Perseus is well studied, mostly as part of the dragon- slayer topos. This article aims to shift the attention from Perseus to his two encounters with females, Andromeda and Medusa, and suggest that by placing them together in the same myth sequence a motif with binary visualisations emerges. While Medusa‘s image has already been broadly investigated, Andromeda has mostly been neglected, with Perseus‘s figure gaining the most attention in this myth. Focusing on the artistic manifestation of the syntagm ―the woman and the dragon‖ reveals a Greco-Roman cultural binary of the ―good‖ versus the ―bad‖ woman. -
Notes Du Mont Royal ←
Notes du mont Royal www.notesdumontroyal.com 쐰 Cette œuvre est hébergée sur « No- tes du mont Royal » dans le cadre d’un exposé gratuit sur la littérature. SOURCE DES IMAGES Google Livres HISTORIA;m 22444 kawa: j POIET I CÆ L ’SCRIPTORES .rANTIŒJL’. nouononUs Æbmimfis. PTOLEMÆUS 3412.11.11. r: CONON Œlmfiœl. é PARTHENIUS www ANTON INUS 1. I 323.41.15. ’ Græcè 8c Latine. Ilmfin Mn Nm à” Mite: mimai; 1*”;’lmnlsno. Typis F. M u G u n in Profiant apud R. S c o ’r T; Bibliopolam Londinenfem. MQCLXÂK . V1110 W ’IL mesa? LU SHo T RI WILLIAMSON; 4 EQuI-ïl 154124119, SEREles-IMO CA’ROLOII. MAG. un: FRANC. ET H13. ne; ’ A CONSILIIS une R10 RIE us, ETASECRETIS sua-rus. misà fiant in me -, .VI R 5 BEY "2&xex ’y in. promerita tua , magna j fane (9» dzuturmz. Sponte tua , nullo mec merito, dgfiendiflz’ etiam ad me,eâ benwolemiâ, quâ l Gentir a bnjut Epil’tola Deczlicatorial.Z l” hujm (’9’ aliarum literato: kami; ne: compleôïerù. : Necfpenç, nec cogitationem quidem foui, dignum aliquid tamis beneficiù auquam repqnendi; flaque enim patiebatur id ont firtunæÏïJÆ magnitudog qui mm anguflia. Non ceflb interim juflâ debz’tâq; prédication ubiq; teflari tautum Tibi debere me, quantum fermé homo bomini potoflîugi bâCÇnullâ aliâ de caufiî) gratitudini: mm fignz’ficondce curâ adduôîm, Nomini Tuo b0: li- bella: infiripfi. Malui Forum m0e dalla: boberi, quâm minù: gratw. Quanqwzm- confllio huit: meo illud etiam patrocinoripofitfluod non 5m. priclem (queuta ([11 laumanitaofllu- diorum meorum rationCmTe ex- peé’care fi i ’ Epiflola Dedicàtoria.’ ç, peé’tare dicerer. -
A Dictionary of Mythology —
Ex-libris Ernest Rudge 22500629148 CASSELL’S POCKET REFERENCE LIBRARY A Dictionary of Mythology — Cassell’s Pocket Reference Library The first Six Volumes are : English Dictionary Poetical Quotations Proverbs and Maxims Dictionary of Mythology Gazetteer of the British Isles The Pocket Doctor Others are in active preparation In two Bindings—Cloth and Leather A DICTIONARY MYTHOLOGYOF BEING A CONCISE GUIDE TO THE MYTHS OF GREECE AND ROME, BABYLONIA, EGYPT, AMERICA, SCANDINAVIA, & GREAT BRITAIN BY LEWIS SPENCE, M.A. Author of “ The Mythologies of Ancient Mexico and Peru,” etc. i CASSELL AND COMPANY, LTD. London, New York, Toronto and Melbourne 1910 ca') zz-^y . a k. WELLCOME INS77Tint \ LIBRARY Coll. W^iMOmeo Coll. No. _Zv_^ _ii ALL RIGHTS RESERVED INTRODUCTION Our grandfathers regarded the study of mythology as a necessary adjunct to a polite education, without a knowledge of which neither the classical nor the more modem poets could be read with understanding. But it is now recognised that upon mythology and folklore rests the basis of the new science of Comparative Religion. The evolution of religion from mythology has now been made plain. It is a law of evolution that, though the parent types which precede certain forms are doomed to perish, they yet bequeath to their descendants certain of their characteristics ; and although mythology has perished (in the civilised world, at least), it has left an indelible stamp not only upon modem religions, but also upon local and national custom. The work of Fruger, Lang, Immerwahr, and others has revolutionised mythology, and has evolved from the unexplained mass of tales of forty years ago a definite and systematic science. -
The Classical Mythology of Milton's English Poems
YALE STUDIES IN ENGLISH ALBERT S. COOK, Editor VIII THE CLASSICAL MYTHOLOGY OF Milton's English poems CHARLES GROSVENOR OSGOOD, Ph.D. NEW YORK HENRY HOLT AND COMPANY igoo Ss9a Copyright, igoo, BY CHARLES GROSVENOR OSGOOD, Ph.D. J^ 7/SS TO PROFESSQR ALBERT S. COOK AND PROFESSOR THOMAS D. SEYMOUR — PREFACE The student who diligently peruses the lines of a great poem may go far toward a realization of its char- acter. He may appreciate, in a degree, its loveliness, strength, and direct hold upon the catholic truth of life. But he will be more sensitive to these appeals, and receive gifts that are richer and less perishable, accord- ing as he comprehends the forces by whose interaction the poem was produced. These are of two kinds the innate forces of the poet's character, and certain more external forces, such as, in the case of Milton, are represented by Hellenism and Hebraism. Their activ- ity is greatest where they meet and touch, and at this point their nature and measure are most easily dis- cerned. From a contemplation of the poem in its gene- sis one returns to a deeper understanding and enjoyment of it as a completed whole. The present study, though it deals with but one of the important cultural influ- ences affecting Milton, and with it but in part, endeav- ors by this method to deepen and clarify the apprecia- tion of his art and teaching. My interest in the present work has found support and encouragement in the opinions of Mr. Churton Collins, as expressed in his valuable book. -
The Temple Classics
THE TEMPLE CLASSICS Edited by W. H. D. ROUSE M.A. First iss_t *f titis Edition, J898 ; R#printtd t908 , 191o PRINTZD IN OJUgAT BH|TAIN In compliance with eurre,lt copyright law, the Univer- sity of Minnesota Bindery produced this facsimile on permanent-durable paper to replace the irreparably deteriorated original volume owned by the University Library. 1988 TO THE MOST HIGH AND MIGHTV PRINCESS ELIZABETH By the Grace of God, of F.mghmd, France, It_ Ireland Queen, Defender of the Fltith, etc. U_DER hope of your Highness' gracious and accus- To the . tomed favour, I have presumed to present here wiaeamd _unto your Majesty, Plutarch's Lives translated, as virtuo,,- • a book fit to be protected by your Highness, and Queea -meet to be set forth in English--for who is , fitter to give countenance to so many great states, - than such an high and mighty Princess ._ who is fitter to revive the dead memory of their _', fame, than she that beareth the lively image of ...their vertues ? who is fitter to authorise a work _of so great learning and wisedom, than she whom all do honour as the Muse of the world ? Therefore I humbly beseech your Majesty, to -_suffer the simpleness of my translation, to be covered under the ampleness of your Highness' pro- _gtecfion. For, most gracious Sovereign, though _-this book be no book for your Majesty's self, =who are meeter to be the chief stone, than a '_student therein, and can better understand it in Greek, than any man can make in English: ' U;k_. -
La Bibliothèque D'apollodore Livre II
La Bibliothèque d’Apollodore Livre II Traduction Ugo Bratelli, novembre 2001 http://nimispauci.free.fr II, , 1. Jusqu’à présent nous avons parlé de la descendance de Deucalion. Voici à présent celle d’Inachos. D’océan et de Téthys naquit Inachos, qui donna ensuite son nom au fleuve qui coule non loin d’Argos. Inachos épousa Mélia, la fille d’Océan, et il eut deux garçons, Phoronée et Égialé. Égialé mourut sans enfants ; c’est de son nom que toute la région s’appelle Égialée ; Phoronée, pour sa part, régna sur le territoire qui, par la suite, fut appelé Péloponnèse ; de la Nymphe Télédicé, il eut des enfants, Apis et Niobé. Apis fit de son pouvoir une tyrannie, et il donna à la région du Péloponnèse le nom d’Apia ; mais son gouvernement était dur et violent, et bien vite Telxion et Telchine conspirèrent contre lui et le tuèrent, avant qu’il ne pût laisser des descendants. Par la suite, on l’honora comme un dieu, sous le nom de Sérapis. De Zeus et de Niobé, (première femme mortelle avec laquelle le père des dieux s’unit) naquit Argos et, ainsi que le soutient Acousilaos, également Pélasgos ; de son nom les habitants du Péloponnèse furent appelés Pélasges. Hésiode, pour sa part, affirme que Pélasgos naquit de la terre même du Péloponnèse. II, 1, 2. Mais de lui il sera question un peu plus tard. Argos prit le pouvoir et appela de son nom le Péloponnèse tout entier. Il épousa Évadné, la fille de Strymon et de Néère, et il eut quatre fils : Ecbasos, Pyras, Épidauros, et puis Criasos qui lui succéda sur le trône. -
Euripides-Helen.Pdf
Euripides Helen Helen By Euripides, translation by E. P. Coleridge Revised by the Helen Heroization team (Hélène Emeriaud, Claudia Filos, Janet M. Ozsolak, Sarah Scott, Jack Vaughan) Before the palace of Theoklymenos in Egypt. It is near the mouth of the Nile. The tomb of Proteus, the father of Theoklymenos, is visible. Helen is discovered alone before the tomb. Helen These are the lovely pure streams of the Nile, which waters the plain and lands of Egypt, fed by white melting snow instead of rain from heaven. Proteus was king [turannos] of this land when he was alive, [5] living [oikeîn] on the island of Pharos and lord of Egypt; and he married one of the daughters of the sea, Psamathe, after she left Aiakos' bed. She bore two children in his palace here: a son Theoklymenos, [because he spent his life in reverence of the gods,] [10] and a noble daughter, her mother's pride, called Eido in her infancy. But when she came to youth, the season of marriage, she was called Theonoe; for she knew whatever the gods design, both present and to come, [15] having received these honors [tīmai] from her grandfather Nereus. My own fatherland, Sparta, is not without fame, and my father is Tyndareus; but there is indeed a story that Zeus flew to my mother Leda, taking the form of a bird, a swan, [20] which accomplished the deceitful union, fleeing the pursuit of an eagle, if this story is true. My name is Helen; I will tell the evils [kaka] I have suffered [paskhein]. -
AP® Latin Teaching the Aeneid
Professional Development AP® Latin Teaching The Aeneid Curriculum Module The College Board The College Board is a mission-driven not-for-profit organization that connects students to college success and opportunity. Founded in 1900, the College Board was created to expand access to higher education. Today, the membership association is made up of more than 5,900 of the world’s leading educational institutions and is dedicated to promoting excellence and equity in education. Each year, the College Board helps more than seven million students prepare for a successful transition to college through programs and services in college readiness and college success — including the SAT® and the Advanced Placement Program®. The organization also serves the education community through research and advocacy on behalf of students, educators and schools. For further information, visit www.collegeboard.org. © 2011 The College Board. College Board, Advanced Placement Program, AP, AP Central, SAT, and the acorn logo are registered trademarks of the College Board. All other products and services may be trademarks of their respective owners. Visit the College Board on the Web: www.collegeboard.org. Contents Introduction................................................................................................. 1 Jill Crooker Minor Characters in The Aeneid...........................................................3 Donald Connor Integrating Multiple-Choice Questions into AP® Latin Instruction....................................................................