SAN FRANCISCO BAY NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE COMPLEX Tideline WINTER 2016 / 2017 Volume 39, Number 4

Antioch Dunes / Don Edwards / Ellicott Slough / Farallon Island / Marin Islands / Salinas River / San Pablo Bay Surveys Show a Silver Lining for Rare Smith’s Blue Butterflies By Jacob Martin With a wingspan of only one inch, Smith’s blue butterflies are a challenge to spot with the naked eye. Despite their small size and rarity, the attractive bright blue coloring of the males and bright orange and brown coloring of the females never fails to catch the attention of Senior Fish and Wildlife Biologist Jake Martin. Martin works for the U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service to help recover threatened and endangered wildlife, and has studied the butterfly for more than 10 years. “Much of my work involves thinking and writing about how human activities affect the Smith’s blue butterfly; it is always refreshing to get out and see them behaving naturally in relatively undisturbed habitat,” Martin says. Over the past two years, Dr. Richard Comparison between the male (above) and female (next page) Smith’s blue butterfly. Arnold of Entomological Consulting Photos: Diane Kodama/FWS Services, Limited, has trained Martin and terflies are present, which runs between June To the keen observer, Smith’s blue other U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service staff in and September. butterflies can be seen fluttering the coastal techniques to survey for the Smith’s blue “We identify each butterfly by species dunes or perched upon buckwheat plants butterfly. In addition to survey techniques, and sex and record its location and behavior around Monterey Bay from the Salinas Dr. Arnold helped develop a protocol for along each transect. Using spatial-statistical River National Wildlife Refuge southward long-term monitoring efforts at Salinas modeling techniques developed by Dr. to Sand City. Within scrub, chaparral, and River National Wildlife Refuge, a safe Arnold, we are able to use the data to gener- grassland plant communities, the butterflies haven for Smith’s blue butterflies and many ate an estimate of the number of Smith’s can be seen from Carmel Valley to Big Sur, other native plants and animals that live blue butterflies within each acre of transect,” and northern San Luis Obispo County. within the coastal dune ecosystem. In 2015, Martin explains. Biologists then multiply These two areas, the Monterey Bay area and biologists estimated 1300 Smith’s blue this per-acre estimate by the 11 acres of northern San Luis Obispo County, are the butterflies at the refuge using the new survey habitat at the refuge to estimate the total only two places where the rare blue butterfly techniques. Previous techniques involved number of adult butterflies present. is known to exist. capturing and marking individual butter- “The ability to calculate population Listed as a federally endangered species flies, a time intensive effort. estimates every year is invaluable in helping by the U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service in 1976, Now, biologists have established us track butterfly population trends over the Smith’s blue butterfly has struggled permanent sampling transects through the time,” says Refuge Manager Diane Kodama. to survive against trampling by humans Smith’s blue butterfly habitat at the refuge. “This information will guide our manage- and vehicles, proliferation of weeds, and Biologists walk the transects twice per week ment priorities and track the success of our throughout the season when adult but- coastal dune restoration efforts.” continued next page butterfly, the federally threatened Monterey from page 1 spineflower and the federally threatened coastal development. Martin says that while Western snowy plover. development is not as much of a concern in The data collected over time from the the areas around Big Sur, because much of annual seasonal surveys at Salinas River the habitat there is on Federal and State- National Wildlife Refuge will help inform owned land, fires are of great concern. Most how land managers can work to restore recently, the Soberanes Fire burned more habitat to support the Smith’s blue but- than 130,000 acres, including portions of terfly population both at the refuge and in the Los Padres National Forest along the Big other areas where the species exists along Sur coastline. Some of that acreage burned California’s central coast. included significant habitat of the Smith’s Martin says, “By tracking the status blue butterfly. “It remains to be seen how much of of the species at the refuge over time, the their habitat has been or will be impacted by collected data could reveal population-level the fire,” Martin says. effects of management actions, and in turn Progress has been made to help preserve inform how we approach habitat restoration coastal dunes and other key habitats that are in the future.” Like many pollinators, Smith’s blue Jacob Martin is a Senior Fish and vital to the species’ survival. The U.S. Fish butterflies are dependent upon & Wildlife Service, California State Parks, Wildlife Biologist with the Ventura Fish Monterey Peninsula Regional Parks, Big and Wildlife Office. He works on a variety specific native plants to carry out of projects with threatened and endangered Sur Land Trust, The Nature Conservancy, their life cycle. They lay their eggs U.S. Army, and U.S. Forest Service have species, including consultation, planning, collaborated to manage important butterfly recovery, and permitting. He is stationed in only on the Coast buckwheat and habitat on their lands and permanently Santa Cruz County and has the advantage Seacliff buckwheat. protect habitat from future development in of working closely with Refuge staff. He is a some areas. However, additional proposed native Californian and has worked with fish development on non-protected lands con- and wildlife on the California Central Coast, A Smith’s blue butterfly begins tinue to threaten coastal dune habitats and the Sierra Nevadas, the Great Basin, and the its life as an egg, which is placed the species they support like the Smith’s blue Chihuahuan Desert. by its mother in a buckwheat flower. After four to eight days, a caterpillar hatches from the egg and feeds on the flowers and seeds of its host buckwheat plant. After about a month of feeding and growing, the larva pupates on or beneath its buckwheat plant and spends the winter within a pupal case.

Adult Smith’s blue butterflies emerge from their pupal cases the following summer. They survive as adults for about a week, on average, during which they feed on nectar from buckwheat flowers, mate, and produce the next generation of eggs. Typical dune habitat of the Smith’s blue butterfly. Photo: Jared Klein

Page 2 Our Hunting Heritage As temperatures dip and leaves begin to When Europeans arrived, hunting was also enjoy refuges for other recreational activi- fall, another sign of autumn is the millions a source of sustenance. Starting in the late ties such as nature observation and wildlife of waterfowl and shorebirds winging their 1800s, formal duck clubs took shape as photography. This is accomplished through way south along the Pacific Flyway from hunting cabins and blinds were built along various zoning approaches, including their northern breeding grounds. Their ar- the edge of San Francisco Bay. rival is avidly awaited by refuge staff as well The ghost town of Drawbridge as birders and hunters alike. The whistling in its heyday was renowned for Refuge wings of ducks passing overhead and the outstanding hunting and fish- sight of hundreds of small shorebirds hur- ing, accessible by boat and even Reflections riedly probing for food reminds me of my special train runs to transport by Anne Morkill, fortune in stewarding some of the nation’s duck hunters. The sloughs and Refuge Complex Manager largest network of lands and waters set aside river mouths of Monterey Bay for wildlife. National Wildlife Refuges not were also popular for waterfowl only protect our natural heritage but also its hunting by local residents and military limiting the number of days that hunting cultural heritage by supporting traditional personnel. may occur, and keeping other areas closed forms of wildlife-dependent recreation such Because of sprawling urban develop- to hunting, so that we can ensure a safe, as hunting. ment over the last half century, opportuni- quality experience for all refuge visitors. Waterfowl hunting is a historical ties for hunting have become limited. This Waterfowl hunting season began on tradition in the San Francisco and Monterey makes our refuges a valuable resource for October 22 and ends January 29. Please Bay areas that continues today. The native local hunters still seeking to practice this visit our websites for more information people were gatherer-hunters, relying heav- traditional outdoor pastime and to connect about hunting that occurs on the San Pablo ily on a wide range of plants and animals, with the land. We also recognize the need to Bay, Don Edwards San Francisco Bay, and including waterfowl, to feed their families. minimize conflicts with other visitors who Salinas River National Wildlife Refuges.

Christmas Bird Count for Kids at Don Edwards San Francisco Bay National Wildlife Refuge January 21, 2017 8:30 a.m. - 1:30 p.m. Introduce your child to bird watching and learn how the Christmas Bird Count contributes to conservation. Go with an experienced bird watcher and count all the birds you see. We will recon- vene at the Don Edwards Refuge to tabulate our data and report our findings.

Recommended for ages 8-16. Minors must be accompanied by an adult. Driving to specific birding sites may be necessary. Bring binoculars if you have them, water, and a bag lunch. Register at http://xmasbirdcount4kids.eventbrite.com Partnered with San Francisco Bay Wildlife Society and East Bay Regional Parks District, Coyote Hills.

Page 3 becoming highly eroded and unsafe. The all ponds. California tiger salamanders were Refuge Dispatches refuge, Peninsula Open Space Trust, and also found in Prospect and Ellicott Ponds. by Leah Mould, Visitor Services Intern other partners welcomed the public to the California red-legged frog tadpoles were The end of the year often gives us pause new trails on Bair Island in Redwood City captured at Calabasas Pond and for the first to reflect on the year’s accomplishments. after nearly three years of being closed. time, at Prospect Pond, making Prospect the Below are highlights of what happened first pond on the refuge known to support on each refuge in the San Francisco Bay Ellicott Slough all three federally-listed species. Annual amphibian sampling was com- National Wildlife Refuge Complex. Ellicott Slough NWR hosted several pleted in all Ellicott Slough NWR salaman- new tours in May of 2016. The refuge Antioch Dunes der breeding ponds (Ellicott, Prospect and partnered with the Resource Conservation Careful management and surveying Calabasas). Numerous healthy Santa Cruz District of Santa Cruz County to give a tour of endangered species continue at Antioch long-toed salamanders were documented in of Prospect Pond for members of the Santa Dunes. Sadly, low numbers of Cruz Museum of Natural endangered Lange’s metalmark History. The tour highlighted butterflies, found only on Endangered Species Day and Antioch Dunes, were counted the federally-listed species during surveys this year. The found on the refuge. The low numbers are possibly due refuge also led two class field to weather conditions. Contra trips for DeAnza College and Costa wallflower and Antioch U.C. Santa Cruz to talk about Dunes evening primrose conservation biology manage- surveys had over 1,000 and ment and freshwater ecology, 7,000 plants respectively of using Ellicott and Prospect each endangered species. Ponds as case studies. The California Conservation Corps and Farallon Wildlife Refuge Specialist Invasive plants continue Louis Terrazas worked to to be a threat to the habitat. remove woody vegetation An Invasive Plant Inventory is encroaching on important but- being led by Barbara Holzman terfly habitat. Work is being and Quentin Clark of San done to learn possible effects Francisco State University. on habitat and endangered Their report will help us species from gypsum dust prioritize invasive plant control wafting into the Sardis Unit. and track changes in invasive plant distribution. Don Edwards This year, Farallon NWR San Francisco Bay continued monitoring bird Events continue at the and wildlife populations, with Don Edwards San Francisco mixed results. California sea Bay NWR, with the celebra- lions had a tough winter. A tion of the 10th year of the lack of food caused by this Habitat Heroes program at year’s El Niño caused many the Environmental Education mothers-to-be to lose their Center. Habitat Heroes are 7th unborn pups. Still, a record – 12th graders that help with number of pups were born on our Marsh-in Summer Camp, an educa- Clockwise from top left: Endangered Lange’s the island this summer. El Niño conditions tional camp held on the refuge to introduce metalmark butterfly at Antioch Dunes Refuge. also seemed to reduce the availability of small fish for the island’s breeding seabirds. children to the importance of the habitats Photo: Susan Euing/FWS; Dipnet survey yielded protected by the refuge. Most species, such as common murres, many Santa Cruz long-toed Salamander The South Bay Salt Pond Restoration pigeon guillemots, and pelagic cormorants, larvae. Photo: Julie Kitzenberger; National Project reached another milestone with the did not produce as many chicks as usual finalization of the Environmental Impact Civilian Community Corps worked on the in 2016. However, Cassin’s auklets (krill Statement for Phase 2 for Alviso and Tidelands Trail at Don Edwards Refuge. specialists) and Brandt’s cormorants (fish Ravenswood areas. Photo: Edison Velez III; San Pablo Bay Refuge specialists) did surprisingly well. A crew from AmeriCorps NCCC, on had its first Family Bike Day at Skaggs Island. The Farallon web cam is back up, loan from the Bureau of Land Management, Photo: Carmen Minch/FWS; Pigeon guillemots thanks to cooperative effort with Point rerouted part of the Tidelands Trail around had fewer fledglings than previous years on the HQ building, as the old trail was Farallon Refuge. Photo: Josh Hull. continued next page Page 4 the summer months. The initial count from page 4 Teen Environmental Art Show total appears to be similar to last year. Now Open For Viewing at the Blue Conservation Science and California However, the butterfly emergence pattern Environmental Education Center Academy of Sciences! View the islands from was unpredictable this year due to late the new HD camera here: Organized by one of our teen volunteers, blooming buckwheat and several weeks of http://www.calacademy.org/farallones Vrinda Suresh, the show is a forum for cooler than normal coastal temperatures. today’s teens to showcase their creativity Marin Islands and environmental consciousness through Marin Islands and their surrounding San Pablo Bay art. The exhibit will be open through wetlands had a tough year. The egret and Check out the new interpretive ma- December, so please bring friends and great blue heron rookery crashed again this terials along the Sears Point/Dickson unit, family to celebrate this wonderful event! year. The failure is likely due to a combina- including a new virtual guided walking tion of mammalian predation and human tour hosted through the app Canogle, (to disturbance. Black oystercatcher nesting be renamed Vizzit), available through the pairs were surveyed, however no fledglings Apple store. Restoration continues to play were viewed. a major role on San Pablo Bay Refuge Salinas River with the next site being Haire Ranch. Thanks to US Fish & Wildlife Service Haire Ranch will be slowly re-vegetated Coastal Program and a partnership with to preempt problems sea level rise may the Big Sur Land Trust, the final round of cause. efforts to control invasive grass in coastal This fall, bikers got a special treat dune habitat occurred. Once the invasive to visit Skaggs Island, which is normally grasses are gone, the native coastal vegeta- closed to the public. The refuge organized tion should flourish. This would include the coast buckwheat, host plant for the federally its first Family Bike Day as part of the endangered Smith’s blue butterfly. Visions of the Wild Festival. More than Surveys for the Smith’s blue butterfly 150 people came to the refuge to bike, occurred for the second year in a row during walk and view wildlife.

Help Us Protect Your San Francisco Bays Wetlands! Mail your donation to: San Francisco Bay Wildlife Society, For nearly 30 years, the San Francisco P.O. Box 234, Newark, CA 94560. You may also become a member Bay Wildlife Society has: • Introduced the refuge to tens of thousands of at www.sfbws.com. students of all ages For a gift membership, call 510-792-0222 ext. 364. • Helped fund the Bair Island restoration and Management Plan, restoration work at San Francisco Bay Wildlife Society is a not-for-profit 501(c)(3) organization which raises Antioch Dunes NWR, and uplands restora- money and awareness for the San Francisco Bay National Wildlife Refuge Complex. tion at the Environmental Education Center • Provided weekend staff in Alviso through YES! I want to support San Francisco Bay Wildlife Society and its programs. long-term partnerships with the City of San My dues include a subscription to Tideline. Enclosed is my contribution of: Jose and the Santa Clara Valley Urban Runoff Pollution Prevention Program • Provided funding for a new boardwalk o $20 Student/Senior o $200 Corporation at the New Chicago Marsh Trail at the o $35 Individual o $250 Sponsor Environmental Education Center o $50 Family o $500 Sustainer • Funded a new greenhouse o $75 Supporter o $1,000 Leader • Provided funds to create a native plant nursery o $100 Participant • And much more Help continue this tradition by becoming o Check For credit card payment, please use PayPal at www.sfbws.com/donate. a Supporting Member of the Society. Name______Benefits include: Address______• Free subscription to Tideline newsletter City______State_____ Zip ______• Tax Deduction • Free book – Exploring Our Baylands Phone______Email______• The joy of giving in support of the protection of this important environment. Thank you for your support! Page 5 San Francisco Bay Wildlife Society Quarterly Message Volunteer & Donation Francisco Bay Regional Water Quality Environmental Education Center a few Opportunities: Control Board for innovative pollution weeks ago. Shout out to the San Francisco prevention activities, including the Living Bay Bird Observatory group that pointed SFBWS is the Friends organization that Wetlands program administered by SFBWS the rare bird out so I could share their helps the community to support the San to help bring school children and the excitement. Francisco Bay National Wildlife Refuges. public to learn about life-long steward- We need volunteers to help with volunteer ship for San Francisco Bay, the habitat the Want more? coordination, membership recruitment and refuge supports, and our role in keeping Check out www.sfbws.com and refu- member events, fundraising and partnership the baylands healthy for generations to geassociation.org for more information and development, group tours, and running come. See: http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/ how you can get involved. As always, we the nature stores which includes ordering sanfranciscobay/water_issues/programs/ welcome your inputs. Send your thoughts and managing merchandise. SFBWS is also dr_teng_chung_wu_award.shtml to Ceal[dot]Craig[at]SFBWS[dot]com assisting refuge and SFBWS Environmental Your feedback desired! We welcome Cecilia (Ceal) D. Craig, PhD Education programs by providing funding continued feedback on the changed hours at President, SFBWS Board of Directors for interns, and for transportation for low- the Visitor Contact Station (Fremont) and income schools for field trips through our Environment Education Center (Alviso/San Yellow Bus Transportation Fund. Donations Jose), Nature Stores and San Francisco Bay Thank you San are welcome. Wildlife Society goals and mission. Go to Contact [email protected], sfbws.com/survey Francisco Bay Wildlife 510-792-0222, ext.364 for more informa- Society Donors! tion! See our website at sfbws.com. Mailing Need key skills on Board address: SFBWS, PO Box 234, Newark, CA of Directors: We gratefully acknowledge the following donors 94560. We are looking for more Board of who have made gifts to the San Francisco The City of San Jose received a Director members, in particular people with Bay Wildlife Society between July 1, 2016 Wu-Hoo award (also known as the Dr. a legal background and business financial and September 30, 2016. These gifts will be Teng-Chung Wu Award) from the San experience. Let me know if you want to used for publishing Tideline, environmental chat about these opportunities. education, habitat restoration, and interpretive programs at the San Francisco Bay National Wildlife Refuge Complex. Special Thanks to Clean Future ideas: The 30th anniversary of the San Harbors Environmental Francisco Bay Wildlife Society is on July 30, Leader Services, who donated $6000 2017. Let us know what type of celebration Clean Harbors Environmental District you would like to see. We would like to to help with matching funds Participant know our members! Tell us why you have Steve Ferguson, Natalie Forrest, Barb & for the educational display for supported the organization and what your William Francis, Marge Kolar, Tara Lee, Terry ideas are about its future. Smith, Gerald Watanabe our Santa Clara Valley Water Supporter District trash clean-up grant for Out on the trail: Loring G Dales, David Epps, Kenneth Himes, Pollution Prevention. I was so excited to observe a Ruff Howard Shellhammer in the ponds west of the road into the Family Brenda & Sheldon Baker, Jayita Bhojwani, Scott & Rachel Birkey, Art Garibaldi, John Lucas, Please accept a FREE BOOK John & Melanie, Howard Shellhammer, Sally Exploring Our Baylands Smythr with any purchase at our Nature Stores at the Individual Don Edwards San Francisco Bay National Wildlife Refuge Thomas M Blalock, Joyce Lewis, Julie A Paccioretti, Tri-City Ecology Center, Marge E 2 Locations: Wood Visitor Contact Station, 2 Marshlands Road, Fremont, CA Normal hours: 11:00 a.m. - 4:30 p.m. Wednesday - Saturday Senior/Student Call to confirm hours: 510-792-0222, ext. 363 Linda Felt, Pat Gordon, Martha Environmental Education Center Lobby H Hartsog, Nancy 1751 Grand Blvd, Alviso (San Jose), CA Milligan, Joan M Usually open 10:00 a.m. - 5:00 p.m. Saturdays, and some weekdays Nolen, William & Call for hours: 408-262-5513 Pamela Rapp, Haven Redeemed by: Name ______Date______Circle: EEC VCS Thompson, Rosemary Schmele Page 6 the van tour. RESERVATIONS RECOMMENDED. Develop a greater understanding of why these Go to: https://dbwinter.eventbrite.com. Ques- habitats are here, how they’ve changed over tions? Call Julie at 408-262-5513 ext.104. time, and what is being done to protect them today. There will be opportunities for wildlife Winter *Salt Marsh Walk viewing, as winter is the prime time for water- Visitor Center, Fremont fowl and shorebirds. This will be a 1.0-mile walk 10:30 a.m. – 12:00 p.m. on flat terrain and boardwalk. Binoculars and/ Take a walk with docent Gregg Aronson around or camera are welcome. Led by Hope Presley. Activity Register at http://changetides.eventbrite.com. the wetlands of the wildlife refuge and learn about their history. See examples of salt col- Questions? Call Julie at 408-262-5513 ext.104. Schedule lection ponds and learn what is being done to Children under the age of 16 must be convert them back to their original, natural salt Saturday, December 31 accompanied by an adult. marsh state. Hear how wildlife is affected by the two types of habitat, and why it is impor- Hiking Yogis Trails are generally level. tant to control the rate of conversion from salt Visitor Center, Fremont Surface* and trail conditions vary. ponds back to the salt marshes. Binoculars 9:00 a.m. – 10:30 a.m. Please call for accessibility information. and/or a camera are recommended. Register at Yoga poses often take the name of na- https://marshwalk.eventbrite.com ture such as tree pose and half moon Holiday Crafts! pose. On this 1.3-mile walk, we will in- Environmental Education Center, Alviso corporate some simple yoga stretches December that mimic our natural surroundings, 1:00 p.m. – 2:00 p.m. and return feeling refreshed and re- Saturday, December 3 Spread the holiday cheer by creating fun energized! Led by Carmen Minch. No handmade crafts. These nature-based project mat needed. Good for the mind, body and soul. *Nature Walk for Health ideas make great gifts and decorations. Ap- Wear comfortable clothes and shoes. propriate for children 6 and older. Register at: Visitor Center, Fremont https://eecholidaycrafts.eventbrite.com Indicators that Fox are in Your Area 10:30 a.m. – 11:30 a.m. Questions? Call Julie at 408-262-5513 ext.104. Visitor Center, Fremont Take a break from your busy schedule 2:00 p.m. – 3:30 p.m. and refresh your spirit with nature at *Bird Watching for Beginners Do you sometimes see paw prints in mud or the refuge. Take a guided nature walk Visitor Center, Fremont scat (poop) on the trails and assume that a dog on the Tidelands Trail and hear what 2:30 p.m. – 4:00 p.m. makes this National Wildlife Refuge left it? It could be from something else. Come unique. The 1.3-mile walk traverses In this beginner’s program, we will go over the along with me and I will show you how to dis- through endangered species habitat use of binoculars, how to use a bird guide, tinguish and identify the markings of a gray fox. and offers great views of south San Francisco and identify the birds we see on the trail. Rec- Gain some insights into the fox’s nature and Bay. Meet in front of the Visitor Center. Led by ommended for ages 10 and up. Dress for the their behavior during the walk. By the time we Matt Keehner. weather and wear comfortable shoes. Led by are through, you will have a set of “tools” you Carmen Minch. can use to identify the presence of foxes in Volunteer Orientation Twilight Marsh Walk any area that you are in. Bring a hat, binoculars, Visitor Center, Fremont and good walking shoes. Led by Bill Leikam, 1:00 p.m. – 2:00 p.m. Visitor Center, Fremont the Fox Guy. Register at https://donedwardsfox. 4:00 p.m. – 5:45 p.m. eventbrite.com Increase your quality of life with a resolution to volunteer for a good cause. Come to this presen- Cap off the day by experiencing the salt marsh tation to see if volunteering at the Don Edwards at twilight on an easy stroll along Tidelands (1.3 San Francisco Bay National Wildlife Refuge is miles) Trail. At the setting of the sun we will ob- right for you. Begin by learning the mission and serve the beginning of nature’s night shift. Come January goals of the San Francisco Bay National Wildlife discover the sights, sounds, and smells of the Refuge Complex, its parent agency U.S. Fish & refuge as night descends. Not suitable for young Saturday, January 7 Wildlife Service, and volunteer positions cur- children. Go to https://donedwardstwilight. rently open at the Fremont location. Presented eventbrite.com or call 510-792-0222 ext. 363. *Nature Walk for Health Led by Mary and Gene Bobik. by Paul Mueller. Visitor Center, Fremont *Marshlands of Dreams Saturday, December 17 10:30 a.m. – 11:30 a.m. Visitor Center, Fremont Take a break from your busy schedule 9:30 a.m. – 10:30 a.m. Stewardship Day and refresh your spirit with nature at the refuge. Take a guided nature walk Join Paul Mueller on a 1-mile walk of the LaRiv- Visitor Center, Fremont on the Tidelands Trail and hear what iere Marsh Trail to find traces of the past. Prior to 9:30 a.m. – 12:00 p.m. makes this National Wildlife Refuge marsh restoration, learn how Californians utilized If you are interested in improving the refuge for unique. The 1.3-mile walk traverses the area for farming, quarrying, salt production, visitors and for wildlife alike, join us at the Visi- through endangered species habitat and transportation. tor Center for a stewardship project. We will do and offers great views of south San Francisco either a trash cleanup or a planting/weeding Bay. Meet in front of the Visitor Center. Led by Saturday, December 10 project. Dress appropriately for the task and for Matt Keehner. the weather. We will have gloves to lend and will Drawbridge: A History Revealed provide the tools. Bring your own water bottle. *Family Bird Walk Environmental Education Center, Alviso Meet in the parking lot at the Visitor Center. Driv- Visitor Center, Fremont 10:00 a.m. – 11:00 a.m. ing an additional 2.5 miles may be required since 10:00 a.m. – 12:00 p.m. the project may be at a different location. For An abandoned town in the San Francisco Bay? Let family walks become a shared time of na- more information, or to make reservations, call That’s right! Nestled on an island in the salt ture learning. We’ll begin by helping kids cre- 510-792-0222 ext. 361. marshes of South San Francisco Bay, the town of ate their personal bird watching field guides, Drawbridge once boomed. Was it a quiet, peace- *A Change in the Tide and then head out onto the trails to find those ful town full of nature lovers, or people scrab- birds. A limited number of binoculars are avail- bling out a living? How long did it exist? Find out Environmental Education Center, Alviso able to borrow. Recommended for children at this program, led by Ceal Craig. Program will 10:00 a.m. – 11:00 a.m. ages 5-10. RESERVATIONS REQUIRED. Go to be of most interest to adults interested in history Take a walk around the refuge and explore the https://donedwardsfamilybird.eventbrite.com or or nature. Note: this program does not include different habitats that line the San Francisco Bay. call 510-792-0222 ext. 363. Led by Ken Roux. Page 7 nearby birding spots. Bring a bag lunch. Reg- coming East Bayshore, then Bair Island Road. ister at http://xmasbirdcount4kids.eventbrite. The Don Edwards National Wildlife Refuge Bair com. Call Carmen at 510-792-0222 ext. 476 for Island parking lot is on the right. Meet by the more information. restrooms. RESERVATIONS RECOMMENDED. Winter Go to: http://innerbairtour.eventbrite.com. Ques- Hike the Mallard Slough Trail tions? Call Julie at 408-262-5513 ext.104. Environmental Education Center, Alviso *Wetlands Walking Tour 10:00 a.m. - 12:30 p.m. Activity Environmental Education Center, Alviso Look for birds, mammals, and animal tracks as 10:30 a.m. – 12:00 p.m. we explore along the water’s edge on this 3.7- mile nature walk. Bring binoculars and your fa- Our refuge consists of salt marshes, salt ponds, Schedule tidal and non-tidal sloughs. How do humans and Children under the age of 16 must be vorite field guide to help enjoy the views. Have accompanied by an adult. at least one liter of water, snacks, and appropri- wildlife depend on our wetlands? Come enjoy by ate clothing. This hike runs rain or shine. Led a 0.5-mile walk through the wetlands, depicting Trails are generally level. * by Steve Stolper. RESERVATIONS REQUIRED. the life and death struggles of our marsh inhabit- Surface and trail conditions vary. Go to: http://hikeeectrail.eventbrite.com. Ques- ants. Open to all ages, but best suited for ages Please call for accessibility information. tions? Call Julie at 408-262-5513 ext.104. 7 and up. Register at http://eecwetlandstour. eventbrite.com Questions? Call Julie at *Pacific Flyway 408-262-5513 ext.104. * Tiny Drifters SF2 Trail, Menlo Park *Salt Marsh Walk 11:00 a.m. – 12:30 p.m. Environmental Education Center, Alviso Visitor Center, Fremont 1:30 p.m. – 2:30 p.m. Our wetlands are an important stop on the Pa- 10:30 a.m. – 12:00 p.m. There’s plankton in our Bay! Learn about the cific Flyway, a major bird migration route. Stroll with docent Laurel Stell to learn why birds mi- Take a walk with docent Gregg Aronson around different characteristics of plankton and how the wetlands of the wildlife refuge and learn they have adapted to survive. We will become grate, why they stop along the San Francisco Bay, and to spot the birds in action. Trail is easy about their history. See examples of salt col- planktologists for a day, collect water samples lection ponds and learn what is being done to and identify these incredible organisms under a and level. All ages and abilities welcome. Meet at the SF2 trail parking area on the west side of the convert them back to their original, natural salt microscope. All ages are welcome. Register at marsh state. Hear how wildlife is affected by https://eectinydrift.eventbrite.com. Dumbarton Bridge. REGISTRATION REQUIRED. Go to https://pacificflyway.eventbrite.com. the two types of habitat, and why it is impor- Questions? Call Julie at 408-262-5513 ext. 104. tant to control the rate of conversion from salt Saturday, January 14 ponds back to the salt marshes. Binoculars Twilight Marsh Walk and/or a camera are recommended. Register at *Marshlands of Dreams Visitor Center, Fremont https://marshwalk.eventbrite.com Visitor Center, Fremont 4:00 p.m. – 5:45 p.m. Indicators that Fox are in Your Area 10:00 a.m. – 11:00 a.m. Cap off the day by experiencing the salt marsh Visitor Center, Fremont Join Paul Mueller on a 1-mile walk of the LaRiv- at twilight on an easy stroll along Tidelands (1.3 2:00 p.m. – 3:30 p.m. iere Marsh Trail to find traces of the past. Prior to miles) Trail. At the setting of the sun we will ob- marsh restoration, learn how Californians utilized serve the beginning of nature’s night shift. Come Do you sometimes see paw prints in mud or the area for farming, quarrying, salt production, discover the sights, sounds, and smells of the scat (poop) on the trails and assume that a dog and transportation. refuge as night descends. Not suitable for young left it? It could be from something else. Come children. Go to https://donedwardstwilight. along with me and I will show you how to dis- Drawbridge Slideshow eventbrite.com or call 510-792-0222 ext. 363. tinguish and identify the markings of a gray fox. Auditorium at the Top of the Hill, Fremont Led by Mary and Gene Bobik. Gain some insights into the fox’s nature and 12:00 p.m. – 1:00 p.m. their behavior during the walk. By the time we are through, you will have a set of “tools” you An abandoned town in the San Francisco Bay? Saturday, January 28 can use to identify the presence of foxes in That’s right! Nestled on an island in the salt any area that you are in. Bring a hat, binoculars, marshes of South San Francisco Bay, the town Stewardship Day and good walking shoes. Led by Bill Leikam, of Drawbridge once boomed. Was it a quiet, Visitor Center, Fremont the Fox Guy. Register at https://donedwardsfox. peaceful town full of nature lovers, or people 9:30 a.m. – 12:00 p.m. eventbrite.com. scrabbling out a living? How long did it ex- ist? Find out at this slideshow program, led by If you are interested in improving the refuge for Ceal Craig. Program will be of most interest to visitors and for wildlife alike, join us at the Visi- adults interested in history or nature. Register at tor Center for a stewardship project. We will do http://drawbridgefremont.eventbrite.com. Note: either a trash cleanup or a planting/weeding February this program does not include the drawbridge project. Dress appropriately for the task and for van tour. the weather. We will have gloves to lend and will provide the tools. Bring your own water bottle. Saturday, February 4 Meet in the parking lot at the Visitor Center. Driv- Saturday, January 21 ing an additional 2.5 miles may be required since *Family Bird Walk the project may be at a different location. For Visitor Center, Fremont Christmas Bird Count for Kids more information, or to make reservations, call 10:00 a.m. – 12:00 p.m. Visitor Center, Fremont 510-792-0222 ext. 361. Let family walks become a shared time of na- 8:30 a.m. – 1:30 p.m. *Restoring Inner Bair Island ture learning. We’ll begin by helping kids cre- Are you new to bird watching or want to know ate their personal bird watching field guides, how to get started? Join our Christmas Bird Walking Tour and then head out onto the trails to find those Count for Kids! Go out with an experienced Inner Bair Island, Redwood City birds. A limited number of binoculars are avail- birder to specified locations and tally all the spe- 10:00 a.m. – 11:00 a.m. able to borrow. Recommended for children cies you see over a 90-minute period. Return to ages 5-10. RESERVATIONS REQUIRED. Go to our headquarters where you and your team will Bair Island is now open! On this 1.5-mile walk, https://donedwardsfamilybird.eventbrite.com or summarize your findings. This is a great way to witness wetland restoration in progress. Hear call 510-792-0222 ext. 363. Led by Ken Roux. get started in the sport of bird watching, provide the story of Bair Island and see how we are scientists the data of what bird was seen and turning the former salt pond back into a healthy where, and enjoy the outdoors. Recommended tidal marsh. Directions: Take Highway 101 and for ages 8-16. Parent(s) are needed to drive to exit at Whipple Ave in Redwood City. Head west toward the bay. The road winds 0.5 mile be-

Page 8 *Nature Walk for Health Jr. Refuge Ranger with Nature Play Saturday, February 25 Visitor Center, Fremont Environmental Education Center, Alviso 10:30 a.m. – 11:30 a.m. 1:00 p.m. – 2:30 p.m. Crafts in the Outdoors: Beginning Take a break from your busy schedule Become a Jr. Refuge Ranger! Our Jr. Refuge Leatherwork and refresh your spirit with nature at Ranger program is an introduction to the Don the refuge. Take a guided nature walk Edwards SF Bay National Wildlife Refuge from Environmental Education Center, Alviso on the Tidelands Trail and hear what its wildlife to its plants. You’ll taste pickleweed 10:00 a.m. - 12:00 p.m. makes this National Wildlife Refuge while you learn about endangered species. Jr. Doing crafts outdoors is a wonderful experi- unique. The 1.3-mile walk traverses Refuge Rangers will participate in several fun ence. Make and decorate (tool) a small patch through endangered species habitat hands-on activities in order to earn their badge for your backpack or clothing made from veg- and offers great views of south San Francisco at the end of the program. Dress in layers- etable tanned leather. Learn how Bay Area Bay. Meet in front of the Visitor Center. Led by we’ll be going on a nature walk. Best suited for residents used the tanoak tree for food and for Matt Keehner. ages 8-11. RESERVATIONS REQUIRED. Go to making leather. This family-friendly program lets http://jrrranger.eventbrite.com Questions? Call you have fun crafting your own leather item. *Pacific Flyway Julie at 408-262-5513 ext.104. Bring water, snacks, and appropriate clothing. SF2 Trail, Menlo Park This program runs rain or shine. Led by Steve 10:00 a.m. – 11:30 a.m. Volunteer Orientation Stolper. RESERVATIONS REQUIRED. Go to Our wetlands are an important stop on the Pa- Visitor Center, Fremont http://craftleather.eventbrite.com Questions? cific Flyway, a major bird migration route. Stroll 2:00 p.m. – 3:00 p.m. Call Julie at 408-262-5513 ext.104. with docent Laurel Stell to learn why birds mi- Increase your quality of life with a resolution to Indicators that Fox are in Your Area grate, why they stop along the San Francisco volunteer for a good cause. Come to this presen- Bay, and to spot the birds in action. Trail is easy tation to see if volunteering at the Don Edwards Visitor Center, Fremont and level. All ages and abilities welcome. Meet at San Francisco Bay National Wildlife Refuge is 2:00 p.m. – 3:30 p.m. the SF2 trail parking area on the west side of the right for you. Begin by learning the mission and Do you sometimes see paw prints in mud or Dumbarton Bridge. REGISTRATION REQUIRED. goals of the San Francisco Bay National Wild- scat (poop) on the trails and assume that a Go to https://pacificflyway.eventbrite.com. life Refuge Complex, its parent agency U.S. Fish dog left it? It could be from something else. Questions? Call Julie at 408-262-5513 ext. 104. and Wildlife Service, and volunteer positions Come along with me and I will show you how currently open at the Fremont location. Present- to distinguish and identify the markings of a Duck Walk ed by Paul Mueller. gray fox. Gain some insights into the fox’s na- Visitor Center, Fremont ture and their behavior during the walk. By the 3:00 p.m. – 4:30 p.m. Saturday, February 18 time we are through, you will have a set of Hundreds of thousands of ducks winter in the “tools” you can use to identify the presence of San Francisco Bay every year. Hear a short talk Hiking Yogis foxes in any area that you are in. Bring a hat, on duck identification. Then we’ll head out on binoculars, and good walking shoes. Register at Visitor Center, Fremont http://donedwardsfox.eventbrite.com. Led by the trail to try your new skills. A limited number of 9:00 a.m. – 10:30 a.m. binoculars are available to borrow. Dress warmly. Bill Leikam, the Fox Guy. Heavy rain cancels. Led by Carmen Minch. Yoga poses often take the name of nature such as tree pose and half moon pose. On this 1.3-mile walk, we will incorporate Saturday, February 11 some simple yoga stretches that mim- Alviso Slough Cleanup – ic our natural surroundings, and return DATES available at Stewardship Day feeling refreshed and re-energized! Visitor Center, Fremont Led by Carmen Minch. No mat need- http://sloughkeepers.com/ 9:30 a.m. – 12:00 p.m. ed. Good for the mind, body and soul. joining-sloughkeepers Wear comfortable clothes and shoes. If you are interested in improving the refuge for Alviso Marina through the Alviso Slough visitors and for wildlife alike, join us at the Visi- Jr. Refuge Ranger Program Love to kayak? Love to clean up the en- tor Center for a stewardship project. We will do vironment? Why not combine the two either a trash cleanup or a planting/weeding Visitor Center, Fremont 11:00 a.m. – 12:30 p.m. and partner with Slough Keepers as they project. Dress appropriately for the task and for clean up Alviso Slough. Bring a kayak out the weather. We will have gloves to lend and will Become an honorary Jr. Refuge Ranger by com- to the launch ramp at the Alviso Marina provide the tools. Bring your own water bottle. pleting activities on the refuge. We will guide you and be prepared to paddle through the Meet in the parking lot at the Visitor Center. Driv- in some of the activities that will help you earn slough and some reeds to clean up our ing an additional 2.5 miles may be required since the Refuge Ranger Badge. The rest of the activi- neighborhoods waters. Due to the reeds, the project may be at a different location. For ties can be completed on your own. Those who this is recommended for those who have more information, or to make reservations, call complete the activities in the booklet for kayaking experience. Slough Keepers will 510-792-0222 ext. 361. your age group will receive a Jr. Refuge Ranger provide garbage bags and even some gar- Intro to Geo PDF Maps badge. Register at http://donedwardsranger. bage barges. To sign up, contact Eric Nor- eventbrite.com. ris at [email protected] and visit Visitor Center, Fremont www.sloughkeepers.org for more informa- 10:30 a.m. – 12:00 p.m. Twilight Marsh Walk tion. Space is limited to 25 kayakers. What’s a Geo PDF map? How do you use it? A Visitor Center, Fremont Geo PDF map is a map you download and store 4:30 p.m. – 6:15 p.m. on your smart phone. Use the free app called PD- Cap off the day by experiencing the salt marsh FMaps to view and navigate from the stored map at twilight on an easy stroll along Tidelands (1.3 in your phone. Use it on hikes or bike rides to log miles) Trail. At the setting of the sun we will ob- your distance, start time, duration, and more. You serve the beginning of nature’s night shift. Come don’t need wi-fi or a data connection once the discover the sights, sounds, and smells of the app is installed. It uses your phone’s GPS feature refuge as night descends. Not suitable for young so it works even if you are out of range of mobile children. Go to https://donedwardstwilight. phone service. Meet at the Visitor Center to see eventbrite.com or call 510-792-0222 ext. 363. a slideshow and find out how to obtain a copy of Led by Mary and Gene Bobik. a Geo PDF map of the Don Edwards SF Bay Na- tional Wildlife Refuge. A live demonstration will follow. Led by docent Gregg Aronson. Register at https://geopdf.eventbrite.com. and for instruc- tions on how to download the free app.

Page 9 Field Trips to the Refuge watershed and what personal actions they General Education Field Trips at the can take to help. The presentation takes Environmental Education approximately one hour. Please contact us Program Information Center in Alviso for specific classroom presentation needs. We offer FREE field trip programs at Due to funding restrictions, first priority will two sites at the Don Edwards San Francisco Wetland Round-Up Field Trips be given to Title 1 schools in San Jose. Second Bay National Wildlife Refuge. Wetland Field trip dates will be offered March – May, 2017. Instructions about scheduling a priority will be given to schools in Milpitas, Round-Up field trip programs are offered at SPRING 2017 field trips will be posted on Santa Clara, Saratoga, Monte Sereno, Los our Headquarters in Fremont, and Wetland our website on Monday, November 21, Gatos, Campbell, and Cupertino. Round-Up and Living Wetlands are offered 2016. You will be notified about your status For more information, or to make a reserva- at the Environmental Education Center the week of December 12, 2016. tion, contact the Living Wetlands Program in Alviso. These programs actively involve http://go.usa.gov/xksPG Coordinator at 408-262-5513 ext. 102 or at teachers, adult volunteers, and students email [email protected]. in investigating the diverse habitats and Contact the Environmental Education Staff at Alviso: wildlife at the refuge. The hands-on, small- Programs for Colleges group activities are designed to teach basic Office: (408) 262-5513 ext 100 Cell: (510) 377-5250 ecological concepts and to introduce endan- and Universities E-mail: [email protected] Guided Field Trips are offered at the gered species, migratory birds, and wetland Environmental Education Center in habitats to the students. All programs have Wetland Round-Up Field Trip Alviso. Programs generally last from 1.5-2 been correlated to the appropriate State of Workshops hours. Reservations must be made at least 8 California Education Standards. We are The workshop dates will be announced weeks in advance of the desired field trip date. piloting new and modified activities that on-line with the Field Trip Registration Please contact Julie Kahrnoff, at support Next Generation Science Standards. information (see above). 408-262-5513 ext. 104 or at Educators and adult leaders conduct [email protected] Living Wetlands Program their own field trips after attending a Field Living Wetlands provides a learning College instructor-led tours are allowed Trip Workshop. The workshops allow environment for students and educators to at the Environmental Education Center in you to design and conduct your own field explore the topics of watershed health, wet- Alviso. All college instructors planning this trip. In addition, adult volunteers must lands, and habitat preservation. Activities type of field trip must make a reservation at be recruited to lead the activities at the and presentations focus on the relationship least 8 weeks in advance of the desired field different learning stations and to chaperone between personal habits and their effects on trip date. If your group size is over 25 you the rotation groups of students. We provide their local wetlands. Living Wetlands is an will need to acquire a Special Use Permit easy to follow “scripts” for each station, environmental education program offered from our Headquarters office in Fremont. but both “leaders” and “chaperones” are at no cost through the cooperative efforts of Please contact Genie Moore, at 408-262-5513 ext. 100 or at Genie_moore@ strongly encouraged to attend a Field Trip the City of San Jose, U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, and the San Francisco Bay Wildlife fws.gov or Julie Kahrnoff, at 408-262-5513 Workshop. New teachers must attend a Society. ext. 104 or at [email protected] to Field Trip Workshop. make a reservation. Program Offerings: (See below for infor- mation about priority schools) Field Trips at Learning 5th-12th grades: Integrated Application Center in Fremont Field Trip Program for 2016/2017 Wetland Round-Up Field Trip This program incorporates multiple Field trip dates will be offered March – May, activities related to wetlands and watershed Transportation 2017. Instructions about scheduling a health. Participating classes will receive one SPRING 2017 field trips will be posted on pre-classroom presentation from Living Funds our website on Monday, November 21, Wetlands educators, a field trip to the Don The Yellow School Bus Transportation 2016. You will be notified about your status Edwards Refuge, and one post-classroom Fund provided by the U.S. Fish & Wildlife the week of December 12, 2016. presentation all including hands-on activi- Service and San Francisco Bay Wildlife http://go.usa.gov/xks5z ties and demonstrations. There is a limit Society was created to help Title 1 schools of 60 students per field trip, and a 1:10 and schools with proven hardships to Contact the Environmental Education Staff chaperone to student ratio is required. access the Wetland Round-Up and Living at Fremont: 5th-12th grades: Classroom Presentations Wetlands Field Trip Programs in Alviso Office: (510) 792-0222 ext. 475 Presentations include an in-depth look at and the Newark Slough Learning Center in Fremont. Cell: (510) 377-7269 the habitats of the south bay along with the pathways of indoor and outdoor water use. The San Francisco Bay Wildlife Society will E-mail: [email protected] Students will have a better understanding pay up to $700 for transportation for a of the role they play in the health of their field trip. If you are awarded funding for Page 10 a bus you will be expected to hire the bus and mail a copy of the invoice to the San Scout and Youth Group Programs Francisco Bay Wildlife Society. Once they The Don Edwards San Francisco Bay - Daisies Journeys receive the invoice they will send the check for up to $700 either to the bus vendor National Wildlife Refuge offers free hands- - Brownies Journeys and Badges directly (school district or local vendor) or on, programs for youths. During the pro- - Juniors Journeys and Badges to the school/school district for the reim- grams participants learn about endangered - Cadette Journeys bursement, whichever method is preferred species, migratory birds, wetland habitats, All minors must be accompanied by an by the school. and the relationship between personal habits adult. PLEASE NOTE: If your school is in need and their effects on the San Francisco Bay. of transportation to a field trip you will These programs are designed to meet badge/ need to reserve a field trip date first and patch requirements of Scout Groups, but Saturday, February 25th then fill out a Bus Fund Form. Please follow anyone can participate. Because of the Girl Scouts World Thinking Day these steps and we will contact you as soon popularity of such programs, reservations Environmental Education Center, Alviso as possible with a response. are required. Children under the age of 16 1:00 p.m. – 3:00 p.m. Please refer to our website for more infor- must be accompanied by an adult. Badges Be part of the global community. Each mation: http://go.usa.gov/3GJhm are not provided. year in February on World Thinking Day girls honor their sister Girl Guides and Girl You may also contact Genie Moore at Programs at the Environmental 408-262-5513 ext. 100 or at Education Center are sponsored by the Scouts by taking time to give thanks for [email protected]. Santa Clara Valley Urban Runoff Pollution their international friendships. We will also Prevention Program and the San Francisco remember that Girl Scouts of the USA is Bay Wildlife Society. part of a global community. Join us on this journey of growth as we go on a treasure Youth Group Programs at hunt to find the “seeds of change”. We’ll be the Environmental Education learning and planting native plants around Center in Alviso the Refuge to celebrate our new friendship. RESERVATIONS REQUIRED. Go to Please email Julie to make a reservation http://gswtd.eventbrite.com and customize your visit at Julie.kahrnoff@ Questions? Call Julie at 408-262-5513 sfbws.com. Programs offered are: ext.104 (Note: badges are not provided). - Webelos Adventure Into the Wild

TIDELINE Volunteer Opportunities Published quarterly by San Francisco Bay National Wildlife Refuge Complex, with funding from San Francisco Bay Wildlife Society. in Alviso: Winter 2016/2017 Volume 39, Number 4 Don Edwards San Francisco Bay National Wildlife Refuge Editor:...... Carmen Minch If you have an interest in wildlife and their conservation, To receive Tideline, email [email protected], or write to: enjoy working with people, and are enthusiastic and Tideline, San Francisco Bay National Wildlife Refuge Complex, 1 Marshlands Rd, Fremont, CA 94555 dependable, the refuge’s Volunteer Program in Alviso is for San Francisco Bay National you! As a volunteer, you’ll receive on-the-job training from Wildlife Refuge Complex staff and other volunteers in the project area you choose. Project areas are: restoration projects, information desk on Administered by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, San Francisco Bay National Wildlife Refuge Complex exists to preserve wildlife habitat, pro- weekends, interpretive programs, school field trips, and citizen tect threatened and endangered species, protect migratory birds, and provide opportunities for nature study. Seven refuges are managed from science/community service. the headquarters in Fremont: Antioch Dunes NWR, Don Edwards San Francisco Bay NWR, Ellicott Slough NWR, Farallon NWR, Marin Islands Upcoming Volunteer Orientations for Winter NWR, Salinas River NWR, and San Pablo Bay NWR. Volunteer orientations will meet in the auditorium of the Tideline is On-Line Visit our web sites at Environmental Education Center in Alviso, http://www.fws.gov/refuge/antioch_dunes 11 a.m. to noon. http://www.fws.gov/refuge/don_edwards_san_francisco_bay http://www.fws.gov/refuge/ellicott_slough Saturday, December 3 http://www.fws.gov/refuge/farallon Saturday, January 7 http://www.fws.gov/refuge/marin_islands Saturday, February 4 http://www.fws.gov/refuge/salinas_river http://www.fws.gov/refuge/ san_pablo_bay Volunteer Requirements: attend a volunteer orientation; attend Follow us on Facebook: the scheduled trainings; meet the age requirements for the San Francisco Bay NWR Complex program. Volunteer applications provided at orientation.

Page 11 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR FIRST-CLASS MAIL FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE DON EDWARDS SAN FRANCISCO BAY POSTAGE & FEES PAID NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE 1 Marshlands Road U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service Fremont, CA 94555

OFFICIAL BUSINESS Permit No. G-77 PENALTY FOR PRIVATE USE, $300

WINTER 2016 / 2017 Inside This Issue Volume 39, Number 4 1-2 Smiths Blue Butterflies 3 Christmas Bird Count 4 Refuge Dispatches 5-6 Wildlife Society Updates 7-9 Autumn Activities 10-11 Field Trips to the Refuge

Visitor Center, Fremont Learning Center (510) 792-0222 ext. 363 Directions: From Highway 84 (at the east end of the Dumbarton Bridge), exit at Thornton Avenue. Travel south on Thornton Avenue for 0.8 miles to the Refuge entrance on the right. Turn right into the Refuge and follow the signs to the Visitor Center. Environmental Education Center, Alviso (408) 262-5513 Directions: From I-880 or US-101, exit on CA-237 toward It is the policy of Mountain View/ the Fish and Wildlife Alviso. Turn north Service to accommodate onto Zanker Road. individuals with disabilities. Continue on Zanker If you have questions Road for 2.1 miles to concerning programs, or if you need the Environmental accommodation to enable you to participate, Education Center please contact a visitor services staff person, either at the entrance road (a sharp Visitor Center or at the Environmental Education Center. turn at Grand Blvd.).