Cambridge University Press 978-1-108-49483-0 — Classical Philology and Theology Edited by Catherine Conybeare , Simon Goldhill Index More Information

Index

Abbott, Evelyn, 52 Aristotle, 20, 83, 123, 127, 176, 200 Acacius of Caesarea, 171 Arnold, Matthew, 51 academia: modern, 86 Arnold, Thomas, 51 Accius, 214 Athanasius of Alexandria, 130, accreditation, 36 132, 147 acculturation, 85; Jewish, 78, 79 Athenaeus, 166 ad fontes, 3, 8, 46, 47 Athenian empire, 200 Adler, Maximilian, 83 Athens, 136 Adret, Rabbi Solomon ben, 75 Auden, W.H., 162 Aeschylus, 52, 202; Oresteia, 52 Auerbach, Erich, 155, 156, 157, 158, 160 Affair of the Placards, 111 Augustine, 57, 70, 92, 93, 156, 157, 160, 166, 171, Africa, 61 184, 185–6, 190, 192–6 Alan of Lille, 158, 162 Augustus, emperor, 195, 205, 214 Alaric I, king of the Visigoths, 183 Aulus Gellius, 93, 158, 181, 194, Alexander the Great, 71 197, 212 Alexandria, 72, 75, 77, 78, 79, 84, 222, 224 Aurelius Victor, 135 Alexandrianism, 203, 217, 219 Aurelius, Marcus, emperor, 126 allegory, 184 Auschwitz, 83 Ambrose of Milan, 183 authenticity, 109; issue of, 9; textual, 104 Ammianus Marcellinus, 131, 135, 139; Res author, 44, 46, 47–8, 102, 200, 201–2, 208, 220, gestae, 127 223; death of, 199, 204, 210; godlike, 9, 10, 205; Ammonius, 201 hidden, 207, 208; intent of, 203, 204, 205, 206, anachronism, 200 216, 220; priority of, 209 Andalusia, 79 author-function, 204 Anderson, Benedict, 49 authority, 27, 209; authorial, 201, 206, 208;of Anglicanism, 38, 40, 41, 43, 55, 56, 58 scripture. See scripture: authority of; of single anthropology, 48, 59, 60, 62 source, 10; of sources, 107; of the codex, 167; antiquity, late, 3, 6, 11, 129, 142, 149, 151, 152, 158, questioning of, 42 159, 160, 161, 164, 165, 168, 177, 178, 192 authorship, 88, 94, 102, 199, 201, 206, antisemitism, 64, 114 207, 212 apocalypse, 161 Avalon, 152 Apocrypha, 78, 83 Avianus, 100 apologetics, 6, 55 appropriation, 113 Babrius, 100 Apuleius, 149, 152 Badt, Benno, 83 Aquinas, Thomas, 121, 163 Bakhtin, Mikhail, 203, 207, 210 Arator, 149 Barby, Germany, 15 archaeology, 1, 4, 45 Baroque, 65 archetype, 105, 108 Barrett Browning, Elizabeth, 39, 40, 43 Aristobulus of Paneas, 72 Barthes, Roland, 210, 220 Aristophanes, 206 Basel, 3, 92

265

© in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-108-49483-0 — Classical Philology and Theology Edited by Catherine Conybeare , Simon Goldhill Index More Information

266 Index

belief, 24, 56; ancient Greek, 119; boundary wars Cassel, David, 82, 83 of, 37; Protestant. See Protestantism; religious, Cassiodorus, 150, 159, 169–70, 171, 172–4, 175, 37; theological, 41 176–7, 178 Bell, Duncan, 61 catechism, 18 Benedict XVI, pope, 9, 116, 119–25 Catholicism, 9, 14, 37, 44, 70, 97, 110, 116, 118, Benes, Tuska, 5 119, 123 Bengel, Albrecht, 89, 90 Cato, 152 Bengel, Johann Albrecht, 89 Catullus, 98, 214 Benson, Edward White, 37, 38–9, 42, 45, 51, 53, Cavafy, Constantine, 127 58, 59 Chaldean Oracles, 143 Benson, Fred, 59 château d’Amboise, 111 Bentley, Richard, 86, 87, 90–2, 94, 95, 96, 101, 105 Chateaubriand, François-René, vicomte de, 156 Bergson, Henri-Louis, 154, 155, 159, 160 Chaucer, 151 Berlin, 2, 3, 8, 13, 16, 19, 20, 21, 25, 30, 39, 65, 66, Chomsky, Noam, 1 68, 75, 83, 84, 99, 100 Christ, 9, 122, 132, 139–41, 147, 151, 171, 173, 195, Bernays, Jacob, 67, 74, 81, 82 224; Hercules as, 137, 138, 139; nature of, 130; bible, 9, 40, 43, 73, 86, 87, 88, 92, 109, 167, 185, representation of, 133 186, See also Testament; as codex, 172; Christianity: as justiﬁcation for classics, 34; Authorized Version, 42, 151; Christian, 167, conservative, 40, 43; early, 51, 120, 152; 192; Greek, 37, 69; Hebrew, 65, 68, 69, 79, 87; evangelical, 38; Jewish study of, 65; liberal, 43; Maccabees, 84; Pentateuch, 69, 77; Medieval, 152; orthodox, 193; principles of, 44; Renaissance, 86; Revised Version, 37; sectarian, 150; study of, 34; universal, 114, 121 Samaritan, 69; Septuagint, 9, 57, 68–78, 83, Christology, Trinitarian, 134 120; study of, 36; Virgil as, 184, 186, 191, 192; chronicle, 171 Vulgate, 3, 69, 92, 93, 94, 96 church, 33, 37, 38, 40, 41, 42, 44, 45, 50, 51, 52, 56, Biblical Studies, 87, 88, 97 58, 87, 98, 124, 126, 130, 168; authority of, 40; Blake, William, 167 early Christian, 74; history of, 159; institutions Bloch, Herbert, 180, 184 of, 45, 133; of Ireland, 42; teaching of, 133; Bloom, Harold, 209, 212 triumph of, 163; Victorian, 38 Bodleian Library, 150, 151 Cicero, 89, 152, 161, 180, 183, 186, 192, 193, 206 Boeckh, August, 2, 5, 19, 30, 63, 65, 66, 82, 114 citizenship, 2, 3 Boethius, 10, 150, 151–2, 153, 161–2, 165, 166, civilisation, 71; Christian, 33; German-Jewish, 82; 167–70, 172–4, 175, 176–7; reception of, 161 Western, 155 Bourdieu, Pierre, 209 classicism, 127, 211 Bréhier, Émile, 118 Clausen, Wendel, 213 Breslau, 68, 74, 76, 80, 81, 82, 83, 85 clergy, 14 British Empire, 36, 61 Code of Justinian, 174 Brittain, Vera, 59 Codex, 153, 154, 164–5, 167, 171, 172, 174–7, 179; Brown, Peter, 6 culture of, 175, 177; history of, 153; Renati, 175; Budapest, 68 tradition of, 176 Budé, Guillaume, 9, 111–14, 125, 199 Codex: Alexandrinus, 92; Gregorianus, 174; Bultmann, Rudolf, 116, 117, 118, 122 Hermogenianus, 174; Sinaiticus, 35, 45, 46, 99; Bunsen, Christian Charles Josias von, baron, 41, Vaticanus, 92, 107 42, 99 Cohen, Hermann, 83 Burckhardt, Jakob, 3 Cohn, Leopold, 83 Burton, Robert, 166 Colenso, John William, 42 Butler, Samuel, 58 collaboration, 8, 13, 32 Byzantium, 123 Collins, Anthony, 90, 91 comedy, 206 Calabria, 172, 176 commandments, the ten, 18 Callimachus, 206, 213, 214–20, 221, communication, 19, 24, 25, 26, 29 222–3, 224 community, 12, 13, 15, 19, 20, 22, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, Cambridge. See university 30, 31, 35; Christian, 186; Jewish, 68; textual, canon, 182; Christian, 33; early Christian, 159 37, 171 Casaubon, Isaac, 93 compulsory, Greek, 60

Index 267

confession, 166 discipline: boundaries of, 114; development of, 35, conservatism, 120 36; formation, 2, 3, 7, 10, 12, 13, 34, 36, 45, 62; Constantine I, the Great, emperor, 96, 126, 131, history of, 1, 2, 3, 6, 8, 50, 54, 60, 87, 199; 133, 135, 139, 140, 156, 174 professionalization of, 36, 59; structure of, 32 Constantinople, 172, 175 discovery; intellectual, 104; theological, 114 Constantius II, emperor, 127, 136 Dissen, Ludolph, 98 Conte, Gian Biagio, 206–8 diversity; cultural, 88; religious, 88 conversion, 112, 113, 114, 121, 124; forced, 121 Donatus, 149, 192 Cook, A.B., 60 Dresden, 68, 77, 85 council of Nicaea, 106 Droysen, Gustav, 71, 114–16, 118 Council of Trent, 14 Duns Scotus, John, 122 courts; ecclesiastical, 50 dynasty: Constantinian, 135, 137; Flavian, 136 courts, ecclesiastical, 48 creed: Christian, 168 Edgeworth, Richard Lovell, 40 criticism, 11, 44, 202, 209, 213; biblical, 108; education, 1, 38, 51; classical, 59, 71; elite, 34; ﬁelds Higher, 119; historical, 70, 75, 97; Latin, 213; of, 19; moral, 14; philological, 69; policy on, 57; literary, 51, 52, 53, 150, 153, 154, 160, 202; Yeshiva, 68, 69 post-structuralist, 211; source, 71; textual, 8, 14, Edwards, Catharine, 210, 213 47, 48, 63, 74, 76, 86, 87, 90, 96, 101, 102, Egypt, 78 105, 106 Ehrman, Bart, 92 culture, 194; Christian, 156; European learned, 83; Eichhorn, Johann Gottfried, 70, 87 Greco-Roman, 6; Greek, 52, 66, 84, 113; Eliot, George, 40, 58 intellectual, 51;literary,3, 185, 202; Eliot, T.S., 33, 34, 36, 60, 62, 156, 162 material, 4; medieval, 3, 11; of Virgilian emancipation, 85; Jewish, 64, 76, interpretation, 192; textual, 182; 79, 80 Western, 163 empiricism, 2 Cumont, Franz-Valéry-Marie, 119 England, 7, 8, 43, 48 Curtius Rufus, 89 Enlightenment, 6, 14, 55, 65, 66, 78, 127; Curtius, E.R., 153, 154–61, 162, 165, 168, 170, 171, post-, 151, 152 177, 184, 187, 192 Ennius, 191, 206, 214 epic, 206, 209, 215 Dale, Antony van, 70 Epicureanism, 104 Dante, 151, 153, 155, 156, 157, 158, 159, 160, 161, 162, Epicurus, 101, 103, 104 163, 167, 168, 177, 178, 211 epigram, 206 Dark Ages, 164 Erasmus, Desiderius, 3, 45, 90, 93, 96, 111, 112, 150, Darwin, Charles, 40, 90 151, 166 de Lange, Nicholas, 73–4 Ernesti, J.A., 97 de Wette, Wilhelm, 97, 99, 106, 107 Estienne, Robert, 111 de’ Medici, Cosimo, 127 Eucharist, 134 de’ Medici, Lorenzo, 127 Eunapius, 135 de’ Rossi, Azaria, 70–1, 73, 82 Euripides, 53 Deissmann, Gustav Adolf, 115, 116 Europe, 49, 92, 111, 156; Christian, 163; idea of, Demosthenes, 98 123; Renaissance, 66; Western, 110 Derrida, Jacques, 157, 168, 178, 209, 210, 211, 220, Eusebius, 93 222, 223 Eusebius of Caesarea, 74, 139–41, dialectic, 20, 115, 150, 170 170, 171 dialogue, 26, 29, 166, 182, 193, 194, 195; ancient, Eutropius, 135 29; literary, 193; philosophical, 161, 193, 197; Euzoius of Caesarea, 171 Platonic. See Plato; setting of, 197 Evangelicalism, 36, 37, 41, 58 Dilthey, William, 16, 17 Ewald, Heinrich, 77, 78, 81 Diocletian, emperor, 141, 174 exegesis: biblical, 14, 111; Catholic, 119; Dionysius of Halicarnassus, 89 philological, 120 Dionysius the pseudo-Areopagite, experience, 27; lived, 7, 8, 35, 49, 51; production 151 of, 14; religious, 8 disciplinarity, 168 Ezekiel the Tragedian, 78

268 Index

faith, 38, 58, 95, 97, 102, 103–4, 106, 109, 112, 113, Graetz, Heinrich, 74, 81, 82, 83 120, 121, 122, 123, 206, 216, 221, 224; grammatici, 3 archaeology of, 119; intellectual foundation Gratian, emperor, 183 of, 38 Great Britain, 33, 34, 40, 51, 61 Farrar, F.W., 41 Greece, 202 Farrell, Joseph, 213 Gregory I, pope, 152 Fathers of the Church, 38, 72, 92, 101, 105, 107, Gregory of Nazianzus, 135, 139, 146–7 121, 151, 152, 163, 202 Griesbach, Johann Jakob, 89, 92, 93, 94, 105 Feeney, Denis, 210, 213 Grote, George, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 52, 58 Fessler, Ignatius Aurelius, 16, 21 Gumbrecht, Hans-Ulrich, 5 Festugière, André-Jean, 116–20 Gymnasium: Graues Kloster, 15 Festus, 135 Ficino, Marsilio, 101 Haecker, Theodor, 160 ﬁction, 165, 166, 167 Hardenberg, Georg Philipp Friedrich Freiherr ﬁdes. See faith von, 21, 25 Fischels, Löb, 68 Hare, Julius, 41, 42, 45, 58 Fitzgerald, William, 213 Harnack, Adolf von, 44, 116, 118, 121 Fleischer, Heinrich, 77, 78, 79 Haskalah, 67, 70 Flesch, Joseph, 82 Haupt, Moritz, 100 Foucault, Michel, 1, 55, 119, 204, 209, 210, 220 Hebraism, 51, 66 France, 79, 111, 204 Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich, 66, 74, Francis I, king of France, 111 115, 223 Frankel, Zacharias, 64, 68–85 Heinemann, Isaac, 81, 82, 83 Frazer, James George, sir, 60 Heinsius, Daniel, 69 freedom, 15, 30, 197; academic, 30, 86; Hellenisation, 44, 71, 74, 110, 114, 116, 118, 119, religious, 97 120, 124–5; Christian, 110; De-, 122, 123, 124; Freud, Sigmund, 213, 220 history of, 116; theological, 116 Freudenthal, Jacob, 82 Hellenism, 9, 51, 60, 61, 66, 71, 74, 75, 78, 80, 84, Friedländer, Moritz, 83 110–25, 126, 127; Christian histories of, 84; Frye, Northrop, 153, 160, 162, 165–7, construction of, 9; history of, 71, 115; Jewish, 172, 177 76, 82, 84 Fulgentius, 161 Hellenistic era, 77 fundamentalism, 211, 212; literary-critical, 210 Henrichs, Albert, 213 funding, 14; public, 14, 15 Herder, Johann Gottfried, 49, 76 heresy, 48 Gadamer, Hans-Georg, 209 heritage. See tradition Gans, Eduard, 66 Hermann, Gottfried, 98 Garrigou-Lagrange, Réginald, 118 hermeneutics, 12, 20, 104, 200, 202; development Gedicke, Friedrich, 15 of, 16; philological, 114 Geiger, Abraham, 77, 80 Herz, Henriette, 16, 21 Geniza, Cairo, 79 Herz, Marcus, 16 Gennadius of Marseille, 170 Hesiod, 213, 216, 221 Germany, 7, 61, 65, 67, 75, 76, 79, 92 Hesychius, 91 Gibbon, Edward, 152 Heyne, Christian Gottlob, 65, 68, 69, 73, 98 Gladstone, William, 43 Highet, Gilbert, 160 Glassius, Salomo, 113 Hinds, Stephen, 210–12 Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 31, 162 Hirsch, Samson Raphael, 80 Goldberg, Sander M., 214 historicism, 2, 5, 67, 114, 117, 118, 124 Gonzaga, family, 127 historicity, regime of, 114, 115, 116, 120 Gorham trial, 42 historiography, 10; Jewish, 64; literary, 170, 171; gospels, 7, 34, 38, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 57, 107, 108, modern, 55; Roman, 40 151, 189; Greek, 38, 117 history, 2, 5, 55, 149, 165; ancient, 40, 80, 125; Gosse, Edmund, 58 Christian, 171; Christian ancient, 64; Christian Göttingen, 14, 65, 68, 70, 98 Providential, 71, 74; critical, 36, 44, 46, 48, 58; Gourlay, Nettie, 53 cultural, 1, 90; Greek, 42, 52, 67; Jewish, 65, 66,

Index 269

67, 69, 70, 72, 74, 75, 79, 80; legal, 75; literary, Jerusalem, 77 152, 153, 155, 156, 159, 166, 177; of educational Jesus, 107, 156, 197 policy, 50; of Jewish church, 56; of Latin Joel, Manuel, 81 literature, 220; of learning, 164; of sexuality, 55; Johnston, Harry, 61 of the world, 3; Roman, 6, 40; scientiﬁc, 49; Johnston, Henry Hamilton, sir, 61 universal, 114; Western, 5; world, 171 Jones, William, sir, 41 Hobbes, Thomas, 7 Josephus, 57, 69, 70, 81; Contra Apionem, 81 Hody, Humphrey, 70 Jost, Isaac Markus, 78 Holder, Alfred, 167, 178 Jowett, Benjamin, 35, 50, 51, 99 Homer, 31, 35, 39, 40, 41, 43, 44, 52, 65, 93, 95, 100, Joyce, James, 167 127, 151, 155, 178, 181, 185, 199, 202, 205, 208, 213 Judaism, 9, 63–85, 88, 113; Alexandrian, 77, 78, 80, Horace, 90 81; ancient, 84; commandments of, 80; Hort, Fenton John Anthony, 35, 37 conservative, 80; Greek, 81; Hellenisation of, Housman, A.E., 62 74; Hellenistic, 69, 71, 73, 74, 75, 79, 80, 110; humanism, 111, 113, 121, 177; early, 113; early historians of, 64; historical study of, 80; modern, 111; neo, 115; neo-, 116 modern, 56; nineteenth-century, 74; humanist, 96 Orthodox, 80; Palestinian, 77; post-exilic, 74; humanities, 5, 16, 63 Rabbinic, 73, 84; Reform, 80; study of, 8, 48 Humboldt, Wilhelm von, 19, 49 Judas, 197 Hunter, Richard, 209, 212–14, 216, 219, 220–3 Julian: Letter to the Athenians, 136 Huxley, Aldus, 166 Julian, the Apostate, emperor, 9, 126, 131–2, 135–47 Iamblichus, 137, 142, 143 Justin, emperor, 150 idealism, 60, 207; of philology, 42 Justinian, emperor, 150 identity, 19; Christian, 113 Juvenal, 36 idolatry, 122 Juvencus, 149, 159 Ignatius of Antioch, 99 imperialism, 49, 50, 55, 61 Kalevala, 49 Incarnation, 4, 9, 128, 132, 134, 147, 173, 195, 223 Kant, Immanuel, 21, 162 India, 50 Keats, John, 39 individuality, 15, 18, 19, 20, 24, 25, 30; enactment Keble, John, 41 of, 23; exercise of, 22; exploration of, 23; Keith, Allison, 213 modern, 29 Kennedy, Duncan F., 209, 213 Industrial Revolution, 163, 164 Ker, W.P., 162 inerrancy, 205 knowledge: classical, 96; conﬁguration of, 209; institutionalization, 36 dynamics of, 12; economies of, 110, 114; institutions: of education, 37, 40; religious, 40 historical, 114; local, 203; organization of, 1, 7, intent: authorial, 199, 203, 207; discourse of, 200; 54; Platonic models of, 31; production of, 1, 2, language of, 208; philology of, 202; theology 8, 13; shared, 31; sources of, 9; universal, 184 of, 202 Kohut, Alexander, 83 interdisciplinarity, 4 Krauss, Samuel, 83 interpretation, 102, 103, 199, 205, 206 Kristeva, Julia, 203–4, 206, 207, 210 intertextuality, 178, 182, 203, 204, 205, 206, 207, 208, 209, 210, 211 Lacan, Jacques, 220 Isidore of Seville, 149, 159, 161, 162, 163, 167, Lachmann, Karl, 2, 5, 9, 35, 39, 40, 43, 44, 45, 47, 170, 177 49, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 97–108 Islam, 9, 79, 80, 120, 121; Jewish study of, 65; Lactantius, 149, 150 Medieval, 66, 79; study of, 48 Landsberg, Germany, 15 Italy, 96, 169 Latin, 3 Leavis, F.R., 160 James, Thomas, 151 lecture, the, 22, 23, 25, 26, 29 Jauss, Hans Robert, 209 Leiden, 69, 108 Jebb, Richard, sir, 34 Leipzig, 77, 79, 98 Jena, Germany, 16, 25 Leo X, pope, 96 Jerome, 93, 94, 107, 151, 159, 170–1, 174, 196, 204 Letter of Aristeas, 70

270 Index

Levinsohn, Isaac Ber, 82 Maynooth debate, 42 Lewis, C.S., 153, 162–5, 167, 177, 223 Medieval era, 111, 164 Libanius, 126, 135, 139 Melanchthon, Philip, 111 liberal arts, 149, 177 Meleager, 221 liberalism, 11, 40, 44, 62 Menander, 213 Lightfoot, Joseph Barber, 37, 38, 39, 42, metaphysics, 18, 117, 223 45, 58 Metgzer, Bruce, 92 Lincoln Trial, 38 method: critical, 88, 91, 100, 101, 102; linguistics, 1, 3, 27, 49 development of, 8; hermeneutic, 63; historical, Linnaeus, Carl, 90 96, 108; historical critical, 95, 97, 98, 105; literature, 165, 178; apologetic, 113; book-, 165, history of, 2; philological, 35, 48, 90, 94, 96, 166, 167, 177, 178; Christian, 164; classical, 83; 119, 207; rational, 104; scientiﬁc, 6, 105, 200; early modern, 71; early Rabbinic, 75; English, secular, 109; shared, 8, 45, 87, 88, 92; 4; European, 153, 155, 156, 159, 160; Greek, 9, stemmatic. See stemmatics; textual, 87 67, 70, 110, 117, 185, 188; Hellenistic, 214, 223; middle ages: early, 152 Hellenistic Jewish, 82; history of. See history, Middle Ages, 149, 155, 156, 157, 160, 163, 170, 184 literary; Jewish, 67, 73, 80; Jewish Greek, 70, Middle East, 45 78, 81; Latin, 149, 152, 177, 209; medieval, 164; Midrash, 73, 75, 76, 78 Rabbinic, 67, 72, 73, 76, 83, 84; renaissance, Mill, John, 90 164; Roman, 223; scholarly, 223; Talmudic, 83; Milman, Henry Hart, 77 Western, 160, 168 Milton, John, 90 Livingstone, R.W., 60, 61, 62 Mishnah, 75 Livius Andronicus, 149 Missionarism, 36 Livy, 40, 43, 50 modernism, 33, 60, 124, 165; Catholic, 118; Lockhart, Brooke Foss, 40, 43 philological, 120 Lockhart, John Gibson, 39 modernity, 2, 55, 121; ﬁgures of, 50; Jewish, 64 logic, 150, 168, 176 Mommsen, Theodor, 67, 81 Loisy, Alfred, 116, 118 monastery, 172, 175, 180; St. Catherine’s, 99 London, 58 monologism, 203, 205, 206 Lucretius, 88, 100, 101, 103, 104, 105, 108, 191, monotheism, 10, 56, 79, 88, 184 214, 221 Montesquieu, Charles-Louis de Secondat, baron Luther, Martin, 111 de, 127 morality, 18 Macaulay, Thomas Babington, 61 Moravian Church, 15, 17 Mackail, John William, 60 Moses, 97 Macrobius, 10, 149, 150, 158, 159, 160, 161, 162, Müller, Friedrich Max, 49 166, 177, 180–91, 193, 194, 196–8 multiculturalism, 122 Madvig, Johan Nicolai, 89 Mure, William, 43 Maine, Henry, sir, 49 Murray, Gilbert, 34, 61 Malinowski, Bronislaw, 60 myth, 4, 117, 121, 129, 137–9; function of, 137; Manuel II Paleologos, emperor, 121, 122 Messianic, 167; pagan, 161 manuscripts, 45–7, 69, 72, 79, 89, 90–2, 94, 95, 96, 102, 103, 105, 108, 169, 178, 191; culture of, 3; Naevius, 214 production of, 172, 175, 176 nationalism, 48, 49, 60, 66, 152 Marcus Aurelius, emperor, 126, 127 nature: human, 104 Marius Victorinus, 149 Neoplatonism, 31, 118, 132, 202 Marlowe, Christopher, 211 Nestorius, 170 Martial, 105 networks, social, 3 Martianus Capella, 149, 161 New England, 156 Martindale, Charles, 209–12, 216, 220, 221, 222, Niebuhr, Barthold Georg, 40, 41, 223, 224 44, 114 Marx, Karl, 40 Niesky, Germany, 15 Maurice, F.D., 41 Nietzsche, Friedrich, 5, 32, 207, 210, 216 Maximinus, Arian bishop, 193 Nock, Arthur Darby, 118, 119 Maximus of Ephesus, 142 normativity, 56; Christian, 55; cultural, 5

Index 271

Novalis. See Hardenberg, Georg Philipp Propertius, 98, 101, 102, 214–21, 224 Friedrich Freiherr von Protestantism, 9, 14, 39, 55, 56, 70, 71, 74, 79, 87, novel, 166 90, 97, 110, 116, 223; German, 115 protreptic, 161 Orientalism: Jewish, 82 providence, 74, 114, 156, 173; authorial, 199; Origen, 93 Christian, 43, 44, 84; divine, 56, 80, 142, Orosius, 149 172, 173 Ovid, 211 Prussia, 115 Oxford. See university Pusey, Edward Bouverie, 41

paganism, 79, 104, 109, 163, 182, 183, 190 quadrivium, 150, 168 paideia, 126, 127, 174, 206, 208 Quintilian, 93, 149, 158 Palache, Juda Lion, 83 Palestine, 75, 77, 78, 85 Rabbinics, 79, 81 Palladius, 149 Rabelais, François, 166 Pamphilus of Caesarea, 171 racism, 49 Paris, 207 Rand, E.K., 156 Pasquali, Giorgio, 86, 87, 109 Rand, Edward Kennard, 161 Patristics, 72, 151 rationalism, 11, 44 Paul, the apostle, 186, 222 rationality, 201; Christian, 120, 122; Greek, 123; Pest (city), 68 Hellenic, 121 Peter, the apostle, 170 Ravenna, 169, 172, 175 Petrarch, 149, 154 realism, Christian, 158 Petronius, 207–8 reason, 119, 120, 121–2, 123, 138, 202; Greek, Philhellenism, 66, See Hellenism 112, 113 Philo, 57, 70, 78, 81, 82, 83 reception, 209, 210, 211 philosophy, 12, 15, 187, 189, 196, 201; Greek, 67, reciprocity, 15 126; history of, 66; pagan, 196 Reformation, 3, 6, 14, 36, 37, 55, 87, 97, 122, 127, Phrygia, 144 151; post-, 127 Pietism, 15, 16, 17 Regensburg Address, 120, 121, 124 Pindar, 52, 98 Reichenau, 169 Pirenne, Henri, 160 religion, 6, 30, 43, 50, 51, 52, 54, 55–7, 58, 87, 88, Plato, 4, 13, 19–20, 22, 25, 29, 30, 31, 50, 118, 127, 166, 182, 187; ancient, 35, 60; belief of, 6; 136, 150, 161, 168, 176, 182, 200, 201, 202 comparative study of, 59; conﬂicts of, 36; Platonism, 28, 30, 31, 142, 200 critique of, 100; Greek, 55, 126; Homeric, 43, Plautus, 89, 206, 213, 214 44, 52; justiﬁcation of, 34; language of, 9; local, Pliny the Younger, 175 121; nature of, 18; notion of, 18; politics of, 48; Plumptre, Edward Hayes, 52 Roman, 135; understanding of, 38 poetry, 12, 31, 149, 187, 195, 202; Greek, 214, 222; Renaissance, 3, 11, 66, 96, 121; of Greek, 111 Hellenistic, 206, 222; history of, 212; Renan, Ernest, 11, 44, 77 Roman, 221 Renatus, Martius Novatus, 175 polemic, 166 revelation, 56; divine, 120, 172; history of, 120; Polenton, Polydor, 149 scriptural, 112, 113 Polenton, Sicco, 149–50, 151, 167, 177 rhetoric, 184 politics, 43, 62, 166; nationalist. See nationalism; rights: civil, 68; individual, 184 of history, 42, 52; of religion, 42 Ritschl, Friedrich, 89, 100 polytheism, 55, 56, 121 Ritter, Bernhard, 81, 82 Porphyry, 137, 139, 141, 143 ritual, 4, 38, 48, 187 postmodernism, 116, 207 Ritualists, Cambridge, 60 post-structuralism, 178, 207, 211 Roberts, C.H., 164 Potsdam, Germany, 21 Roman Empire, 164, 174 Prague, 68 romance, 166 Priscian, 150, 177 Romanticism, 13, 14, 24, 25, 26, 31, 151 Proba, 149 Rome, 143, 144, 175, 183, 194, 214, 220 Proclus, 142 Ronsburg, Bezalel, 68

272 Index

Ross, David, 213 46, 50, 54, 131, 133; sense of, 2; understanding, Rousseau, John-Jacques, 166 51; understanding of, 2, 6, 30, 34, 44, 45, 48, Rufius Albinus, Ceionius, 188, 190, 194 51, 52 semantics, 3 Said, Edward, 49 seminar, 8, 12, 13, 15–16, 18, 25, 28–30 salons, 16 seminary, 8, 12, 13–16; Breslau, 80, 81, 82, 83; salvation, 129 Jewish, 68; Jewish Theological, 80; Sandys, J.E., 59 Orthodox, 68 Sannazzaro, Jacopo, 150 Semler, J.S., 97 Sartre, Jean-Paul, 160 Seneca, 36, 181, 201, 202; De beneficiis, 105; De satire, 206; Menippean, 161, 166; Varronian, 166 clementia, 105 Saturninus Salustius, 142 Servius, 149, 204–5 Sauppe, Herman, 89 Sextus Empiricus, 93 Saussure, Ferdinand de, 1 sexual liberation, 55 Savigny, Friedrich Carl von, 75, 76, 84 Shaw, George Bernard, 49 Scaliger, Joseph, 37, 67, 69, 70, 82, 93 Sidney, Philip, sir, 150, 151 scepticism, 40, 41, 43 Sidonius Apollinaris, 149 Schedius, Johann Ludwig von, 68 signification, 193, 202, 203, 210 Schlegel, August Wilhelm, 18, 156 Simon, Richard, 70 Schlegel, Friedrich, 8, 12, 13, 15–20, 25, 31, 32 Simplicius, 201 Schlegel, Karl Wilhelm Friedrich, 156 Slater, Niall, 213 Schleiermacher, Friedrich, 8, 12–32, 42, 99, 104, Smith, Agnes, 53 114, 118 Smith, Margaret, 53 scholarship, 51; biblical, 14, 69, 71; Catholic, 119; sociability, 24–32 German, 34, 41, 43, 65, 79, 81; historical, 85; socialism, 59 history of, 4, 6, 56, 63, 64; ideals of, 66; in the societies, learned, 14, 16, 64 ancient world, 93; Jewish, 64, 80, 84; modern, society; civil, 84; German, 80; German Oriental, 11, 56, 69, 70, 74, 80, 94, 109; Protestant, 116; 79; London Vergil, 156; modern, 68 secular, 84; textual, 38, 65, 66, 85 Society of Jesus, 14 scholasticism, 113, 121 Society, Wednesday, 16, 21 Schürer, Emil, 77 Socrates, 83, 121, 123 science, 26, 27, 35, 36, 53, 62, 104, 154, 165; Sophocles, 42, 51, 52, 53 cognitive, 1; natural, 27, 79, 103; of classics, 2, Spengler, Oswald Arnold Gottfried, 160 6; of language. See linguistics; of literature, 153, Stanley, A.P., 56 155, 156, 158, 160, 177; of philology, 39, 47, 119; Stanley, Dean, 77 of textual criticism, 48; of theology, 11; Statius, 154 political, 50; social, 200; triumph of, 57; Steinschneider, Moritz, 77 twentieth-century, 6 stemmatics, 2, 3, 4, 39, 45, 48, 54, 94–5 Scott, Walter, sir, 39 Stephen, J.K., 34 scripture, 11, 39, 43, 69, 91, 92, 94, 110, 118, 165, Stoicism, 83, 200 167, 171, 192; Aramaic, 36; authority of, 40, 48; Stolp, Germany, 20 canonical, 171; challenge to the status of, 8; Strauss, David Friedrich, 40, 44 Christian, 168; Greek, 36, 41; Hebrew, 36, 160, structuralism, 1, 155, 160, 165, 207 191; Latin, 36, 172 successionism, 173 Second Sophistic, 131 Suetonius, 93, 170–1, 192 secularization, 6, 36, 56 supersessionism, 64, 74, 173 secularism, 55, 62, 87, 88, 109 superstition, 97, 119 Sedulius, 149, 159 Sussex, 61 Seeligman, Isaac Leo, 83 Swift, Jonathan, 166 self, 18, 31; appraisal, 223; awareness, 34, 52, 57, 62; Sybilline oracles, 83 conception, 65;definition, 35, 38, 39, 47, 54, 62; Symmachus, Q. Aurelius, 175, 183, 185, delusion, 57; description, 205; ethical, 52; 189, 198 expression of, 2; identification, 82; identity, Symmachus, Q. Aurelius Memmius, 150, 169, 219; political, 52; positioning, 34, 44, 51; 172–4, 175, 177 presence, 203;reflection, 36; representation, Symonds, John Addington, 52

Index 273

Synagogue, Semper, 68 Trithemius, 170 systematics, 89 Tübingen, 71 Turner, James, 5 Tacitus, 36, 191 Talmud, 69, 72, 73, 75, 76, 78 university, 8, 59, 63, 123; Berlin, 65; Breslau, 81; Targums, 69, 77 British, 33; Cambridge, 14, 34, 38, 42, 59, 162, technology, 202 163, 164, 209; development of, 1; foundation Teplitz, Bohemia, 68 of, 8; Friedrich Wilhelm, 13; German, 25, 51, Terence, 214 64; Göttingen, 65; Halle, 15, 16, 19, 30, 98; Testament: New, 37, 45, 70, 86–93, 96, 97, Harvard, 156; history of, 2; Humboldt, 75; 99–101, 102, 105, 106, 107, 108, 118, 120, 122, Humboldtian, 2, 66; ideal, 26, 28; King’s 167, 170, 173, 191; Old, 42, 73, 117, 121, 167, 173 College, London, 41; medieval, 14; modern, 11, Tetrarchy, 174 14, 31; modern founders of, 1; modern German, Teutoburg Forest, 152 66, 123; national, 26; nineteenth-century, 2; textuality, 202, 203 Oxford, 14, 34, 39, 60, 150, 162, 163; Pest, 68; textus receptus, 46, 90, 91, 92, 106 Regensburg, 120; research, 14, 64; secular, 62; Themistius, 126 Wellington College, 51 Theocritus, 221 Urbach, Ephraim, 81 Theoderic, the Great, king of the Ostrogoths, Usener, Hermann, 161, 167, 169, 175 150, 167, 169, 170, 176 Theodosius I, emperor, 171, 183 Valla, Lorenzo, 86, 93, 96 Theodosius II, emperor, 131, 133 Varro, 161, 168, 181 theory: critical, 165; French, 1, 210, 212; high, 211; Vatican II, 120 Higher, 153; literary, 150, 153, 159, 160, 177, 207, Velleius Paterculus, 91 209; racial, 49 Victoria, queen of Great Britain, 38, 41, 56 theurgy, 132, 134, 138, 139, 142–4, 145, 146, 147 Victorian era, 51, 59 Thirlwall, Connop, 41, 42, 43, 45, 58 Vienna, 68 thought: Christian, 160; Greek, 112, 121, 122 Virgil, 10, 33, 50, 60, 61, 153, 155, 156, 158, 159, 161, Tibullus, 98 173, 181, 182, 184–5, 186, 187, 188, 190–6, 204–6, Timpanaro, Sebastiano, 87, 89 208, 209, 221; authority of, 185, 187 Tischendorf, Constantin von, 35, 45, 46, 47, 53, Vitruvius, 149 99, 106 Vives, Juan Luis, 70 tolerance, religious, 184 Voltaire, 166 Torah, 78, 79, 85 Volusianus, 194–5 Toynbee, Arnold, 160 Vossius, Isaac, 70 Tractarianism, 41 tradition, 40, 122, 123, 124; Catholic, 123; Wales, 42 Christian, 56, 69, 122, 163; classical, 3, 10, 72, War, First World, 59, 60, 61, 62 73, 83, 84; cultural, 153; custodians of, 46; Warburg, Aby, 162 ecclesiastical, 152; Greek, 44, 78, 121, 123; Greek Ward, Humphry, Mrs., 50, 58 Jewish, 73; Hebrew, 11; historiographical, 74; Warren, Austin, 160 Homeric, 87; intellectual, 63, 69, 198; Jewish, Wellek, René, 160 84; knowledge of, 68; Latin, 10; Latin West, the, 3, 152, 154, 156, 160, 176 literature, 10; literary, 33; Masoretic, 65; Westcott, Brooke Foss, 35, 37, 42, 45, 52, Medieval, 3, 105; of learning, 63; of the church, 53, 58 106; Peripatetic, 200; poetic, 221; Rabbinic, 69; Westminster Abbey, 42 Roman, 173; structuralist. See structuralism; Weston, Jessie, 60 textual, 65, 101, 109, 174; Victorian, 59; Wettstein, Jakob, 89, 92, 94 Western, 163 Wilamowitz-Moellendorff, Ulrich von, 3, tragedy, 3, 42, 52, 53, 62, 206 81, 101 translation, 114, 133 Williams, Rowan, 38 Tregelles, Samuel, 99 Wimmel, Walter, 212 Treitel, Leopold, 83 Winnington-Ingram, R.I., 62 Trinity, 148, 173, 223 Wittenberg, 111

274 Index

Wolf, Friedrich August, 2, 30, 31, 39, 40, 65, 66, Yehiel, Nathan ben, 83 70, 76, 84, 86, 87, 89, 93, 94, 95 Wolf, Immanuel, 78 Ziolkowski, Jan, 5 women, 18, 53, 183, 198 Zionism, 64, 67 Wordsworth, Christopher, 37 Zumpt, Carl Gottlob, 89 Zunz, Leopold, 65, 66, 67, 68, 70, Xenophon, 22 72, 78