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The Holostratigraphy of the Albian Stage (Lower Cretaceous) of the United Kingdom and Its Continental Shelf

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The Holostratigraphy of the Albian Stage (Lower Cretaceous) of the United Kingdom and Its Continental Shelf The holostratigraphy of the Albian Stage (Lower Cretaceous) of the United Kingdom and its continental shelf Holostrat Research Report RR/06/01 HOW TO NAVIGATE THIS DOCUMENT Bookmarks The main elements of the table of contents are book- marked enabling direct links to be followed to the principal section headings and sub-headings, figures, plates and tables irrespective of which part of the document the user is viewing. In addition, the report contains links: from the principal section and subsection headings back to the contents page, from each reference to a figure, plate or table directly to the corresponding figure, plate or table, from each figure, plate or table caption to the first place that figure, plate or table is mentioned in the text and from each page number back to the contents page. RETURN TO CONTENTS PAGE BRITISH GEOLOGICAL SURVEY RESEARCH REPORT RR/06/01 The holostratigraphy of the Albian Stage (Lower Cretaceous) of the United Kingdom and its continental The National Grid and other Ordnance Survey data are used with the permission of the shelf Controller of Her Majesty’s Stationery Office. Licence No: 100017897/2006. Key words I P Wilkinson Albian; Holostrat; Lower Cretaceous Front cover Folkestone Warren, Kent. Slipped and fallen masses of Chalk and Gault overlying the Gault outcrop. Bibliographical reference Wilkinson, I P. 2006. The holostratigraphy of the Albian Stage (Lower Cretaceous) of the United Kingdom and its continental shelf. British Geological Survey Research Report RR/06/01 124 pp. ISBN 0 85272 442 1 Copyright in materials derived from the British Geological Survey’s work is owned by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) and/or the authority that commissioned the work. You may not copy or adapt this publication without first obtaining permission. Contact the BGS Intellectual Property Rights Section, British Geological Survey, Keyworth, e-mail [email protected]. You may quote extracts of a reasonable length without prior permission, provided a full acknowledgement is given of the source of the extract. Maps and diagrams in this book use topography based on Ordnance Survey mapping. © NERC 2006. All rights reserved. Keyworth, Nottingham British Geological Survey 2006 BRITISH GEOLOGICAL SURVEY British Geological Survey offices The full range of Survey publications is available from the BGS Keyworth, Nottingham NG12 5GG Sales Desks at Nottingham, Edinburgh and London; see contact ຜ 0115–936 3100 Fax 0115–936 3200 details below or shop online at www.geologyshop.com e-mail: [email protected] www.bgs.ac.uk The London Information Office also maintains a reference collec- Online shop: www.geologyshop.com tion of BGS publications including maps for consultation. Murchison House, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3LA The Survey publishes an annual catalogue of its maps and other ຜ 0131–667 1000 Fax 0131–668 2683 publications; this catalogue is available from any of the BGS Sales e-mail: [email protected] Desks. London Information Office at the Natural History Museum The British Geological Survey carries out the geological survey of (Earth Galleries), Exhibition Road, South Kensington, London Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the latter is an agency service SW7 2DE for the government of Northern Ireland), and of the surrounding ຜ 020–7589 4090 Fax 020–7584 8270 continental shelf, as well as its basic research projects. It also ຜ 020–7942 5344/45 e-mail: [email protected] undertakes programmes of British technical aid in geology in developing countries as arranged by the Department for Forde House, Park Five Business Centre, Harrier Way, International Development and other agencies. Sowton, Exeter, Devon EX2 7HU ຜ 01392–445271 Fax 01392–445371 The British Geological Survey is a component body of the Natural Environment Research Council. Geological Survey of Northern Ireland, Colby House, Stranmillis Court, Belfast BT9 5BF ຜ 028–9038 8462 Fax 028–9038 8461 Maclean Building, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford, Oxfordshire OX10 8BB ຜ 01491–838800 Fax 01491–692345 Columbus House, Greenmeadow Springs, Tongwynlais, Cardiff, CF15 7NE ຜ 029–2052 1962 Fax 029–2052 1963 Parent Body Natural Environment Research Council, Polaris House, North Star Avenue, Swindon, Wiltshire SN2 1EU ຜ 01793–411500 Fax 01793–411501 ii Contents 1 The Albian Stage 1 5.33 Holostratigraphical event ALB 33 81 1.1 Definition 1 5.34 Holostratigraphical event ALB 34 81 1.2 Author 1 5.35 Holostratigraphical event ALB 35 81 1.3 Derivation of name 1 5.36 Holostratigraphical event ALB 36 81 1.4 Original reference localities 1 5.37 Holostratigraphical event ALB 37 81 1.5 Synonyms 1 6 Albian localities in the United Kingdom 82 1.6 Substages 1 6.1 Speeton Clay Formation (‘A’ Beds) 82 1.7 British lithostratigraphical units 1 6.2 Carstone Formation 82 2 Lithostratigraphy 4 6.3 Folkestone Formation 85 2.1 North Sea Basin 4 6.4 Sandrock Formation 90 2.2 Onshore England 8 6.5 Lower Greensand Formation (Bedchester 3 Biostratigraphy 61 Sands Member) 91 3.1 Ammonite biostratigraphy 61 6.6 Gault Formation (Eastern England: 3.2 Belemnite biostratigraphy 65 Bedfordshire–Norfolk) 92 3.3 Calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy 66 6.7 Gault Formation (Southern England: 3.4 Dinoflagellate cyst biostratigraphy 69 Dorset–Kent) 97 3.5 Foraminiferida biostratigraphy 71 6.8 Gault Formation (‘Junction Beds’ Member) 102 3.6 Ostracod biostratigraphy 74 6.9 Hunstanton Formation 103 6.10 Upper Greensand Formation 109 4 Other stratigraphical methods 77 6.11 Cambridge Greensand Formation 117 4.1 Chemostratigraphy 77 References 4.2 Geophysical methods 77 118 4.3 Magnetostratigraphy 77 4.4 Sequence stratigraphy 78 TABLES 4.5 Selected references 78 5 Holostratigraphical events of the Albian Stage 79 1 Biostratigraphical correlation of the Speeton ‘A’ beds 5.1 Holostratigraphical event ALB 1 79 (Mitchell and Underwood, 1999) 10 5.2 Holostratigraphical event ALB 2 79 2 Correlation of the Hunstanton Formation at Speeton, 5.3 Holostratigraphical event ALB 3 79 South Ferribly and Hunstanton with the Gault of East 5.4 Holostratigraphical event ALB 4 79 Anglian 41 5.5 Holostratigraphical event ALB 5 79 3 Subdivision of the Upper Greensand on the Isle of 5.6 Holostratigraphical event ALB 6 79 Wight after Jukes-Brown and Hill (1900) 50 5.7 Holostratigraphical event ALB 7 79 4 Correlation of the Upper Greensand in Devon and 5.8 Holostratigraphical event ALB 8 79 Dorset 50 5.9 Holostratigraphical event ALB 9 79 5.10 Holostratigraphical event ALB 10 79 5.11 Holostratigraphical event ALB 11 79 FIGURES 5.12 Holostratigraphical event ALB 12 79 5.13 Holostratigraphical event ALB 13 79 1 Distribution of Albian sediments at outcrop 2 5.14 Holostratigraphical event ALB 14 79 2 The Albian holostratigraphical scheme at end of report 5.15 Holostratigraphical event ALB 15 80 3 Correlation of the Albian formations in the North Sea 5.16 Holostratigraphical event ALB 16 80 Basin 4 5.17 Holostratigraphical event ALB 17 80 4 The Albian sequence of the North Sea: Wick 5.18 Holostratigraphical event ALB 18 80 Sandstone, Carrack and Radby formations 5 5.19 Holostratigraphical event ALB 19 80 5 Correlation of the Radby, Carrack and Wick sandstone 5.20 Holostratigraphical event ALB 20 80 formations in the North Sea Basin (after Johnson and 5.21 Holostratigraphical event ALB 21 80 Lott, 1993) 7 5.22 Holostratigraphical event ALB 22 80 6 ‘A Beds’ Member of the Speeton Clay Formation at 5.23 Holostratigraphical event ALB 23 80 Reighton 9 5.24 Holostratigraphical event ALB 24 80 7 The Carstone at Hunstanton 11 5.25 Holostratigraphical event ALB 25 80 8 Lower unit of the Folkestone Formation, East Cliff, 5.26 Holostratigraphical event ALB 26 80 Folkestone 13 5.27 Holostratigraphical event ALB 27 80 9 Upper part of the Folkestone Formation at Baker’s 5.28 Holostratigraphical event ALB 28 81 Gap, East Cliff, Folkestone 14 5.29 Holostratigraphical event ALB 29 81 10 Correlation of the upper unit of the Folkestone 5.30 Holostratigraphical event ALB 30 81 Formation in the south-east England 15 5.31 Holostratigraphical event ALB 31 81 11 Upper part of the Folkestone Formation at Parrat’s Pit, 5.32 Holostratigraphical event ALB 32 81 Wreccles 16 iii 12 Lower part of the Folkestone Formation in south-east 28 Correlation of the Gault and Upper Greensand (UGS) England 17 formations in the Isle of Wight and English Channel 13 Upper part of the Folkestone Formation at Squerryes by means of density (DT) logs 35 Main Pit, Westerham, Kent 18 29 The Gault of Church Farm Borehole, Shaftesbury 36 14 Lithostratigraphy of the Sandrock Formation at 30 The Gault of Rookley Brick Pit, Isle of Wight 37 Rochen End to Blackgang Chine, Chale Bay, Isle of 31 Locality map of the Leighton Buzzard area showing Wight 20 the localities from which the Junction Beds and Gault 15 The Sandrock Formation at Compton Bay 21 have been described 38 16 The position of the Bedchester Sands Member near 32 Junction Beds around Leighton Buzzard 39 Bedchester 23 33 The Hunstanton Formation at Speeton, Yorkshire 42 17 Correlation of the Gault of the reference section of the 34 The Hunstanton Formation at seven localities in Mundford ‘C’ Borehole with other sequences of East Norfolk and Lincolnshire 43 Anglia and the relationship between macrofossil and 35 The Foxmould, Whitecliff Chert and Bindon ostracod biostratigraphy 24 Sandstone members of the Upper Greensand 18 Stratigraphy of the Gault at Copt Point, Folkestone 25 Formation of Devon, Dorset and Somerset 45 19 Locality map of East Anglia and Lincolnshire 36 Distribution of the Upper Greensand Formation,
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