DOCSLIB.ORG

Opposition to Renewable Energy Facilities in the United States

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Opposition to Renewable Energy Facilities in the United States OPPOSITION TO RENEWABLE ENERGY FACILITIES IN THE UNITED STATES February 2021 © 2021 Sabin Center for Climate Change Law, Columbia Law School The Sabin Center for Climate Change Law develops legal techniques to fight climate change, trains law students and lawyers in their use, and provides the legal profession and the public with up-to-date resources on key topics in climate law and regulation. It works closely with the scientists at Columbia University's Earth Institute and with a wide range of governmental, non- governmental and academic organizations. Sabin Center for Climate Change Law Columbia Law School 435 West 116th Street New York, NY 10027 Tel: +1 (212) 854-3287 Email: [email protected] Web: http://www.ColumbiaClimateLaw.com Twitter: @ColumbiaClimate Blog: http://blogs.law.columbia.edu/climatechange Disclaimer: This report is the responsibility of The Sabin Center for Climate Change Law alone, and does not reflect the views of Columbia Law School or Columbia University. This report is an academic study provided for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. Transmission of the information is not intended to create, and the receipt does not constitute, an attorney-client relationship between sender and receiver. No party should act or rely on any information contained in this report without first seeking the advice of an attorney. Coordinating Editor: Hillary Aidun Authors: Kate Marsh, Neely McKee, and Maris Welch Opposition to Renewables in the United States CONTENTS 1. Introduction ................................................................................................................................................ 1 2. Alabama ....................................................................................................................................................... 3 2.1 Local Laws/Ordinances ...................................................................................................................... 3 2.2 Contested Projects .............................................................................................................................. 3 3. Alaska ........................................................................................................................................................... 4 3.1 Local Laws/Ordinances ...................................................................................................................... 4 3.2 Contested Projects .............................................................................................................................. 4 4. Arizona ........................................................................................................................................................ 4 4.1 Local Laws/Ordinances ...................................................................................................................... 4 4.2 Contested Projects .............................................................................................................................. 4 5. Arkansas ...................................................................................................................................................... 5 5.1 Local Laws/Ordinances ...................................................................................................................... 5 5.2 Contested Projects .............................................................................................................................. 5 6. California ..................................................................................................................................................... 5 6.1 Local Laws/Ordinances ...................................................................................................................... 5 6.2 Contested Projects .............................................................................................................................. 6 7. Colorado ...................................................................................................................................................... 7 7.1 Local Laws/Ordinances ...................................................................................................................... 7 7.2 Contested Projects .............................................................................................................................. 7 8. Connecticut ................................................................................................................................................. 7 8.1 State Policy ........................................................................................................................................... 7 8.2 Local Laws/Ordinances ...................................................................................................................... 7 8.3 Contested Projects .............................................................................................................................. 8 9. Delaware ...................................................................................................................................................... 8 9.1 Local Laws/Ordinances ...................................................................................................................... 8 Sabin Center for Climate Change Law | Columbia Law School i Opposition to Renewables in the United States 9.2 Contested Projects .............................................................................................................................. 8 10. Florida .......................................................................................................................................................... 9 10.1 Local Laws/Ordinances ...................................................................................................................... 9 10.2 Contested Projects .............................................................................................................................. 9 11. Georgia ....................................................................................................................................................... 10 11.1 Local Laws/Ordinances .................................................................................................................... 10 11.2 Contested Projects ............................................................................................................................ 10 12. Hawaii ........................................................................................................................................................ 11 12.1 Local Laws/Ordinances .................................................................................................................... 11 12.2 Contested Projects ............................................................................................................................ 11 13. Idaho .......................................................................................................................................................... 11 13.1 Local Laws/Ordinances .................................................................................................................... 11 13.2 Contested Projects ............................................................................................................................ 12 14. Illinois ......................................................................................................................................................... 12 14.1 Local Laws/Ordinances .................................................................................................................... 12 14.2 Contested Projects ............................................................................................................................ 13 15. Indiana ....................................................................................................................................................... 14 15.1 Local Laws/Ordinances .................................................................................................................... 14 15.2 Contested Projects ............................................................................................................................ 17 16. Iowa ............................................................................................................................................................ 18 16.1 Local Laws/Ordinances .................................................................................................................... 18 16.2 Contested Projects ............................................................................................................................ 18 17. Kansas ........................................................................................................................................................ 19 17.1 State Policy ......................................................................................................................................... 19 17.2 Local Laws/Ordinances .................................................................................................................... 19 17.3 Contested Projects ............................................................................................................................ 20 Sabin Center for Climate Change
Load more

Recommended publications
  • 2021 ESG Report
    2021 REPORT Environmental, Social and Governance Our strategy: NextEra About Our 2020-2021 Coronavirus Confronting Building the Environment Social Governance Risks and Conclusion Appendix A letter from Energy’s this report operating awards & (COVID-19) climate world’s leading opportunities our CEO ESG journey portfolio recognitions response change clean energy provider Contents Our strategy: A letter from our CEO .............................................3 NextEra Energy’s ESG journey ......................................................6 About this report .............................................................................7 Our operating portfolio ..................................................................8 2020-2021 awards & recognitions ..............................................10 Coronavirus (COVID-19) response..............................................11 Confronting climate change ........................................................13 Building the world’s leading clean energy provider .................19 Florida Power & Light Company ................................................20 NextEra Energy Resources ........................................................26 Environment ...................................................................................30 Social ..............................................................................................38 Governance ....................................................................................48 Risks and opportunities ...............................................................52
    [Show full text]
  • Presentation Title Information
    Wolfe Research 2018 Power & Gas Leaders Conference Jim Robo Chairman and CEO, NextEra Energy October 3, 2018 Cautionary Statements And Risk Factors That May Affect Future Results This presentation includes forward-looking statements within the meaning of the federal securities laws. Actual results could differ materially from such forward-looking statements. The factors that could cause actual results to differ are discussed in the Appendix herein and in NextEra Energy’s and NextEra Energy Partners’ SEC filings. Non-GAAP Financial Information This presentation refers to certain financial measures that were not prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. Reconciliations of historical non-GAAP financial measures to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures can be found in the Appendix herein. 2 NextEra Energy achieved strong financial results in the first half of 2018 NextEra Energy First Half 2018 Results Adjusted EPS(1) • NEE achieved year-over-year growth of ~12% in adjusted EPS • Continued execution on our best-in- class customer value proposition at FPL $4.04 – Regulatory capital employed growth of (2) $3.62 ~13% year-over-year • Outstanding origination success at Energy Resources – Added over 2,600 MW of renewables to backlog • Announced acquisition of Gulf Power, Florida City Gas and the Stanton and Oleander natural gas power plants H1 2017 H1 2018 – Florida City Gas closed in July 2018 – Gulf Power and natural gas plants granted Hart-Scott-Rodino antitrust clearance 1) See Appendix for reconciliation
    [Show full text]
  • U.S. Offshore Wind Power Economic Impact Assessment
    U.S. Offshore Wind Power Economic Impact Assessment Issue Date | March 2020 Prepared By American Wind Energy Association Table of Contents Executive Summary ............................................................................................................................................................................. 1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 2 Current Status of U.S. Offshore Wind .......................................................................................................................................................... 2 Lessons from Land-based Wind ...................................................................................................................................................................... 3 Announced Investments in Domestic Infrastructure ............................................................................................................................ 5 Methodology ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 7 Input Assumptions ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 7 Modeling Tool ........................................................................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Kawailoa Wind Power Draft HCP Amendment
    Kawailoa Wind Power Draft Habitat Conservation Plan Amendment Applicant Kawailoa Wind, LLC 1166 Avenue of the Americas, 9th Floor New York, NY 10036 HCP Amendment Prepared by: Tetra Tech, Inc. 737 Bishop Street, Suite 2340 Honolulu, HI 96813 Revised September 2018 This page intentionally left blank Kawailoa Wind Draft Habitat Conservation Plan Amendment Table of Contents Introduction and Project Overview ................................................................................... 1 1.1 Summary ................................................................................................................ 1 1.1.1 Hawaiian Hoary Bat .............................................................................................. 1 1.1.2 Hawaiian Petrel .................................................................................................... 4 1.2 Applicant Background ................................................................................................ 4 1.3 Regulatory Context ................................................................................................... 4 1.4 Project Description ................................................................................................... 4 1.4.1 Project History ..................................................................................................... 5 1.4.2 Project Design and Components ............................................................................. 5 1.4.3 Purpose and Need for Kawailoa Wind Project ...........................................................
    [Show full text]
  • State Attorneys General: Empowering the Clean Energy Future
    Copyright © 2019 by the State Energy and Environmental Impact Center. All rights reserved. State Energy and Environmental Impact Center NYU School of Law https://www.law.nyu.edu/centers/state-impact The primary authors of this report are Jessica R. Bell, Clean Energy Attorney at the State Energy and Environmental Impact Center, and Hampden Macbeth, Staff Attorney at the State Energy and Environmental Impact Center. The authors and the Center are grateful for the research contributions of Ryan Levandowski, a student at the Georgetown University Law Center, and Maggie St. Jean, a student at the Elisabeth Haub School of Law at Pace University. This report does not necessarily reflect the views of NYU School of Law, if any. Executive Summary ........................................................................................................ 1 Section I. Overview of the Role of Attorney General Activities in Energy Matters ............................................................ 5 Protecting States’ Energy Rights ................................................................................... 5 Background .................................................................................................................... 5 Mutual Accommodation of Federal and State Energy Rights .............................. 6 Defending States’ Rights Against Preemption and Dormant Commerce Clause Claims .......................................................................................... 7 Defending States’ Rights Against Discriminatory Federal
    [Show full text]
  • Schedule MPS-1 Page 1 of 9
    Grain Belt Express Clean Line Additional Information on Qualifications and Experience of Selected Clean Line Management Team Members and Employees Michael Skelly President and CEO Horizon Wind Energy – Chief Development Officer . Built and developed over 2,600 MW of electric projects, including: Blue Canyon V Wind Farm and Gen Tie, Pine Tree Wind Farm and Gen Tie, Rail Splitter Wind Farm and Gen Tie, Rattlesnake Road Wind Farm, Twin Groves II Wind Farm and Gen Tie, Meridian Way I & II Wind Farm and Gen Tie, Lone Star II Wind Farm, Pioneer Prairie I & II Wind Farm, Prairie Star Wind Farm and Gen Tie, Twin Groves I Wind Farm and Gen Tie, Lone Star I Wind Farm, Elkhorn Wind Farm, Maple Ridge I & II Wind Farm and Gen Tie, Wild Horse Wind Farm and Gen Tie, Blue Canyon I & II Wind Farm and Gen Tie, Mill Run Wind Farm, Somerset Wind Farm, Top of Iowa Wind Farm, Madison Wind Farm, Tierras Morenas Wind Farm. Participated in construction supervision, onsite inspections, the review of quality assurance/quality control procedures, the implementation of safety strategies, and resolving logistical issues of wind farms and generation tie lines. Responsible for purchasing equipment from wind turbine manufacturers. Responsible for negotiating EPC contracts for both equipment and construction, hiring construction supervision teams, negotiating balance of plant contracts for the turbine equipment, and performing development activities, including land acquisition, permitting, and turbine siting. Wayne Galli, Ph.D, P.E. Executive Vice President, Transmission and Technical Services NextEra Energy Resources – Director, Transmission Development ▪ Responsible for routing, siting and engineering for approximately 330 miles of new transmission lines, including HVDC lines for the CREZ Transmission Projects in Texas.
    [Show full text]
  • Deepwater Wind Plans Offshore Wind Farm to Serve Maryland
    FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE MEDIA CONTACT: Meaghan Wims 401.278.4434, [email protected] Deepwater Wind Plans Offshore Wind Farm to Serve Maryland Skipjack Wind Farm Will Deliver Affordable Offshore Wind Energy Far Below State Estimates, Saving Ratepayers Millions of Dollars Ocean City, Md. – November 22, 2016 – America’s leading offshore wind company Deepwater Wind today announced plans for the Skipjack Wind Farm, a new offshore wind farm that will help Maryland meet its clean-energy goals at far lower prices than state law anticipates, saving Maryland ratepayers millions of dollars. The Skipjack Wind Farm will not only be the state’s largest renewable energy project, it would also be the right size for Maryland’s first offshore wind farm. At 120 megawatts, the Skipjack Wind Farm could be built in a single construction season, and developed more cost-effectively, and with considerably less risk, than a larger project. At more than 17 nautical miles northeast of Ocean City’s coastline, the project would be located so far away that it won’t impact views from Maryland’s shore. Deepwater Wind has secured the rights to acquire the site’s federal lease, subject to regulatory approval. “We’re bringing down the cost of American offshore wind energy in a big way,” said Deepwater Wind CEO Jeffrey Grybowski. “Ratepayers in Maryland will benefit from energy that is both clean and affordable. The Skipjack Wind Farm is the right clean energy solution for Maryland, and we’re ready to get to work.” The Skipjack Wind Farm is expected to generate well over $100 million dollars in economic benefits for Maryland.
    [Show full text]
  • 2019 Market Report
    US OFFSHORE WIND MARKET UPDATE & INSIGHTS US OFFSHORE WIND CAPACITY GENERATION The US Department of the Interior’s Bureau of Ocean and Energy Management (BOEM), has auctioned 16 US offshore wind energy areas (WEAs) designated in federal waters for offshore wind development. Each area has been leased to a qualified offshore wind developer. The ar- eas are located along the East Coast from North Carolina to Massachusetts and represent a total potential capacity of 21,000 Megawatts (MWs) of offshore wind power generation. HISTORY OF BOEM AUCTIONS AND LEASES YEAR LEASE # LESSEE STATE ACREAGE BID MW* NEXT 2012 0482 GSOE I DE 70,098 NA NA SAP *Reading volumes, some earlier estimates 2013 0486 Deepwater Wind NE RI/MA 97,498 $3,838,288 3400 TTL COP of capacity likely used 2013 0487 Deepwater Wind NE RI/MA 67,252 $3,838,288 3400 TTL FDR different calculations. 2013 0483 VA Electric & Power Co. VA 112,799 $1,600,000 2000 COP In all cases, capacity 2014 0490 US Wind MD 79,707 $8,701,098 1450 COP calculations should be considered estimates. 2015 0501 Vineyard Wind MA 166,886 $166,886 See Below FDR 2015 0500 Bay State Wind MA 187,523 $281,285 2000 TTL COP 2016 0498 Ocean Wind NJ 160,480 $880,715 See Below COP 2016 0499 EDFR Development NJ 183,353 $1,006,240 3400 TTL SAP 2017 0512 Equinor Wind US NY 79,350 $42,469,725 1000 COP 2017 0508 Avangrid Renewables NC 122,405 $9,066,650 1486 SAP 2018 0519 Skipjack Offshore Energy DE 26,332 Assigned NA SAP 2018 0520 Equinor Wind US MA 128,811 $135,000,000 1300 EXEC 2018 0521 Mayflower Wind Energy MA 127,388 $135,000,000 1300 EXEC 2018 0522 Vineyard Wind MA 132,370 $135,000,000 1500 EXEC EXEC—Lease Execution SAP—Site Assessment Plan COP—Construction & Operations Plan FDR—Facility Design Report @offshorewindus / BUSINESS NETWORK FOR OFFSHORE WIND / offshorewindus.org 1 STATE 2018 2019 MARKET GROWTH The US Offshore Wind market currently stands VIRGINIA 12 12 at 16,970 MWs and is a subset of the total US MARYLAND 366 366 potential generation capacity.
    [Show full text]
  • Appendix H Public Comments and Responses to DEIS
    APPENDIX H PUBLIC COMMENTS AND RESPONSES ON DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT According to NEPA, federal agencies are required to identify and formally respond to all substantive public comments. A standardized content analysis process was conducted to analyze the public comments on the Draft EIS. Each comment letter and email message received was read, analyzed and considered by BLM, Reclamation, and Western to ensure that all substantive comments were identified. In performing this analysis, the BLM, Reclamation, and Western relied on the Council on Environmental Quality’s regulations to determine what constituted a substantive comment. A substantive comment does one or more of the following: Questions, with a reasonable basis, the accuracy of the information and/or analysis in the EIS. Questions, with a reasonable basis, the adequacy of the information and/or analysis in the EIS. Presents reasonable alternatives other than those presented in the Draft EIS that meet the purpose and need of the proposed action and addresses significant issues. Questions, with a reasonable basis, the merits of an alternative or alternatives. Causes changes in or revisions to the proposed action. Questions, with a reasonable basis, the adequacy of the planning process itself. Thirty-seven individual comment letters and/or emails were submitted to the BLM during the 45-day comment period. Within the 37 comment letters, 322 comments were identified and addressed. Comments on the Draft EIS that failed to meet the above description were considered non-substantive because they expressed personal opinions or preferences that were not relevant to the adequacy or accuracy of the Draft EIS, or represented commentary regarding resource management unrelated to the Draft EIS.
    [Show full text]
  • Bats and Wind Energy: Impacts, Mitigation, and Tradeoffs
    WHITE PAPER Bats and Wind Energy: Impacts, Mitigation, and Tradeoffs Prepared by: Taber D. Allison, PhD, AWWI Director of Research Novermber 15, 2018 AWWI White Paper: Bats and Wind Energy: Impacts, Mitigation, and Tradeoffs American Wind Wildlife Institute 1110 Vermont Ave NW, Suite 950 Washington, DC 20005 www.awwi.org For Release November 15, 2018 AWWI is a partnership of leaders in the wind industry, wildlife management agencies, and science and environmental organizations who collaborate on a shared mission: to facilitate timely and responsible development of wind energy while protecting wildlife and wildlife habitat. Find this document online at www.awwi.org/resources/bat-white-paper/ Acknowledgements This document was made possible by the generous support of AWWI’s Partners and Friends. We thank Pasha Feinberg, Amanda Hale, Jennie Miller, Brad Romano, and Dave Young for their review and comment on this white paper. Prepared By Taber D. Allison, PhD, AWWI Director of Research Suggested Citation Format American Wind Wildlife Institute (AWWI). 2018. Bats and Wind Energy: Impacts, Mitigation, and Tradeoffs. Washington, DC. Available at www.awwi.org. © 2018 American Wind Wildlife Institute. Bats and Wind Energy: Impacts, Mitigation, and Tradeoffs Contents Purpose and Scope .............................................................................................................................................. 3 Bats of the U.S. and Canada ..............................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Nextera Energy Inc. Revenue Decomposition
    Krause Fund Research 2 Spring 2021 NextEra Energy, Inc. (NYSE: NEE) Stock Rating: Utilities th April 16 , 2021 HOLD Analysts z Caleb Fitch Jerome Mays Guy Renquist Grant Wambold [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Investment Thesis Target Price: $85.47-$89.85 Drivers of Thesis: Model Prices • Two of NextEra’s largest subsidiaries, Florida Power and Light (FPL) DCF $87.66 and Gulf Power, are set to see large increases in demand for their services DDM $87.85 in 2021 and 2022. FPL and Gulf Power provide public electricity services to Relative PE $29.95 a large majority of the popular vacation destinations in Florida. As the vaccine Price Data rollout continues in the U.S. and the COVID-19 pandemic draws to a close, Current Price $80.94 safety concerns will diminish. As this happens, we expect Americans to 52-week Low $55.66 increase travel and head to NextEra’s rate-regulated service areas. This 52-week High $87.69 expectation is built into our model with combined revenue growth of 13% in $1 2021 and 6.7% in 2022 for both segments. Key Statistics • NextEra Energy Resources (NEER) will grow at an accelerated rate as Market Capitalization $158.76 B more businesses and consumers look for cleaner energy sources and the Shares Outstanding 1.96 B market for electric vehicle infrastructure expands. NEER is the largest EPS (2021E) $2.15 provider of energy sourced from the wind and sun in the World. NEER’s P/E Ratio (TTM) 54.0 attractive generating portfolio will draw in more customers who are looking Forward P/E Ratio 37.1 for electricity sourced from renewables.
    [Show full text]
  • Wind Energy & Wind Park Siting and Zoning Best Practices And
    2012 Wind Energy & Wind Park Siting and Zoning Best Practices and Guidance for States NARUC Grants & Research January 2012 NARUC The National Association A report for the Minnesota Public Utilities of Regulatory Commission Funded by the U.S. Department of Utility Energy Commissioners The report you are reading was created under the State Electricity Regulators Capacity Assistance and Training (SERCAT) program, a project of the National Association of Regulatory Utility Commissioners (NARUC) Grants & Research Department. This material is based upon work supported by the Department of Energy under Award Number DE-OE0000123. The report was authored by Tom Stanton. Throughout the preparation process, the members of NARUC provided the author(s) with editorial comments and suggestions. However, the views and opinions expressed herein are strictly those of the author(s) and may not necessarily agree with positions of NARUC or those of the U.S. Department of Energy. Special thanks to the Commissioners and staff at the Minnesota Public Utilities Commission for guiding this work, and to the Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability and the National Energy Technology Lab for their continued technical assistance to NARUC. Please direct questions regarding this report to Miles Keogh, NARUC’s Director of Grants & Research, [email protected]; (202) 898-2200. Disclaimer: This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights.
    [Show full text]