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Petroleum Industry 〒100-0004 東京都千代田区大手町1-3-2 TEL（03）5218-2305（広報室） FAX（03）5218-2321 https://www.paj.gr.jp/ Pe今tr日のoleum Industry石油産業 in2020 Japan2020 Petroleum Association of Japan Petroleum Association of Japan Keidanren Bldg., 3-2,1-chome, Ohtemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-0004 Public Relations Tel. 81-3-5218-2305 Fax. 81-3-5218-2321 http://www.paj.gr.jp/ CONTENTS はじめに ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 1 Preface はじめに 第 This brochure, Petroleum Industry in Japan, aims at providing 1章 国際石油情勢 ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 3 ～ 6 consumers and other stakeholders with the up-to-date information on 『今日の石油産業』は、消費者の皆様をはじめ広く関係各位に向けて、 the Japanese petroleum industry and the industry’s initiatives. This 2020石油産業の現状や業界の取り組みについて最新の情報をお知らせする edition has been published since 2015 edition. 第 In the past year, Japan had various natural disasters such as torrential ・・・・・・・・・・・ 7 ～ 1 3 rainsために毎年作成しているものです。 in Northern Kyushu and the concentrated rainfalls in other areas in 2章 国内石油需給動向および流通販売 July 2020 caused extensive damage in many regions of Japan. The oil この1年においては、九州北部豪雨や令和2年7月豪雨などの様々な自然 industry, therefore, has endeavored to provide a stable supply of 第 petroleum災害で、日本各地で甚大な被害が発生し、石油業界として、国民生活に products that are essential to people's lives. In addition, prior to the landing of Typhoon 19 in October 2019, the industry disseminated 3章 石油産業に係わるエネルギー政策 ・・・・・・・・・・ 1 4 ～ 2 1 the必要不可欠な石油製品の安定供給に努めました。また、昨年10月の台風 information via Twitter, in the event of disaster, such as calling for full19号の際は、上陸に先立ち、Twitterで事前の満タン給油を呼びかける tank refueling of your car in advance. Currently, the new coronavirus, COVID-19, has had a tremendous 第 impact等の災害時の情報発信を実施しました。 on people’s life and the national economy, and there are 4 石油業界の環境安全対策 ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 2 2 ～ 2 7 concerns about the spread of new infections. Though the situation 章 is足元では、新型コロナウイルスによって、国民生活や国民経済に甚大な still unpredictable, the oil industry is thoroughly implementing measures影響が及び、新たな感染拡大が懸念されるなど、いまだに予断を許さない to prevent the spread of infection in the supply chain and 第 continues to work on the stable supply of petroleum products. 状況が続いていますが、石油業界として、サプライチェーンにおけるFurthermore, based on the “Long-term and Low-carbon Vision for the 5章 石油業界の緊急時・大規模災害対策 ・・・・・・・・ 2 8 ～ 3 3 Petroleum Industry”, even under the Corona Disaster, the oil industry is 感染拡大防止策を徹底し、引き続き、石油製品の安定供給に取り組んで taking on the challenge of realizing “Sustainable Oil” by strengthening itsいます。また、「石油産業の長期低炭素ビジョン」をもとに、コロナ禍で stable supply system, proactively addressing climate change issues, and improving the business environment to reinforce the international 巻末データ集 ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 3 4 ～ 4 4 competitivenessあっても、安定供給体制の強化、気候変動問題への積極的な取り組み、 of oil refineries. In consideration of readability, this brochure has been revised as そして製油所の国際競争力強化に向けた環境整備などを通じて appropriate to explain such trends in a concise manner. 「サステイナブルな石油」の実現に向けて挑戦しています。We hope this brochure will help to give you a sound understanding of ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 4 5 ～ 4 6 oil and the petroleum industry in Japan. 石油関連日誌 本誌ではその様な動向について読みやすさを考慮し、簡潔に説明するようDecember 2020 適宜改訂しています。本文中に掲載しきれなかった図表等は、巻末に デ ータ集とし てまとめました の で あ わ せ てご 参 照ください 。 本誌が石油および石油産業に対する正しい理解の一助となれば幸いです。 2020年10月 1 2 CONTENTS はじめに ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 1 はじめに 第 Preface ……………………………………………………………………………… 1 1章 国際石油情勢 ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 3 ～ 6 『今日の石油産業』は、消費者の皆様をはじめ広く関係各位に向けて、 石油産業の現状や業界の取り組みについて最新の情報をお知らせする 第Oil Supply and Demand, Petroleum Products Sales 1 and Distribution in Japan …………………………………………… 3 ために毎年作成しているものです。 2章 国内石油需給動向および流通販売 ・・・・・・・・・・・ 7 ～ 1 3 この1年においては、九州北部豪雨や令和2年7月豪雨などの様々な自然 第 災害で、日本各地で甚大な被害が発生し、石油業界として、国民生活に Energy Policy especially in 2 Japanese Petroleum Sector ………………………………………… 10 3章 石油産業に係わるエネルギー政策 ・・・・・・・・・・ 1 4 ～ 2 1 必要不可欠な石油製品の安定供給に努めました。また、昨年10月の台風 19号の際は、上陸に先立ち、Twitterで事前の満タン給油を呼びかける 第 Safety and Environmental Measures of 等の災害時の情報発信を実施しました。 34章the Petroleum石油業界の環境安全対策 Industry ……………………………………………… ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 2 2 ～ 2 15 7 足元では、新型コロナウイルスによって、国民生活や国民経済に甚大な 影響が及び、新たな感染拡大が懸念されるなど、いまだに予断を許さない 第 Efforts to cope with Recent Disasters and ・・・・・・・・ 2 8 ～ 3 3 状況が続いていますが、石油業界として、サプライチェーンにおける 45章Enhance石油業界の緊急時・大規模災害対策 Resilience for Stable Oil Supply …………………… 22 感染拡大防止策を徹底し、引き続き、石油製品の安定供給に取り組んで います。また、「石油産業の長期低炭素ビジョン」をもとに、コロナ禍で Appendix 巻末データ集 ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 3 4 ～ 4 4 あっても、安定供給体制の強化、気候変動問題への積極的な取り組み、 Profile of Petroleum Association of Japan (PAJ) …………………………… 30 そして製油所の国際競争力強化に向けた環境整備などを通じて Location of Refineries and Crude Distillation Capacity in Japan ………… 33 「サステイナブルな石油」の実現に向けて挑戦しています。 石油関連日誌 ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 4 5 ～ 4 6 本誌ではその様な動向について読みやすさを考慮し、簡潔に説明するよう 適宜改訂しています。本文中に掲載しきれなかった図表等は、巻末に デ ータ集とし てまとめました の で あ わ せ てご 参 照ください 。 本誌が石油および石油産業に対する正しい理解の一助となれば幸いです。 2020年10月 1 2 Oil Supply and Demand, Petroleum Products 1 Sales and Distribution in Japan ❶ Oil Supply and Demand in Japan decrease of 5.4% YOY. The share in total energy supply compared to the previous year, petroleum Final energy consumption for fiscal year (FY) decreased from 39.0% to 37.6%, natural gas from 2018 in Japan was about 13,124 PJ (Peta-jour), Crude 23.4% to 22.9%, respectively, and coal 25.1%, no oil equivalent (COE): 339 million kiloliters (KL), change. On the other hand, nuclear power increased a decrease of 2.7% year-over–year (YOY). In detail, from 1.4% to 2.8%. petroleum consumption was 6,232 PJ (COE: After the Great East Japan Earthquake, thermal 161million KL), a decrease of 4.1% YOY. Power power generation such as by oil and natural gas consumption was 3,405 PJ (COE: 88million KL), a has supplemented the shutdown of nuclear power decrease of 2.0% YOY. generation. However, due to the partial restart of Furthermore, total domestic supply of primary nuclear power generation and the increase use of energy in FY2018 was about 19,728 PJ (COE: renewable energies, etc., the ratio of thermal power 509 million KL), a decrease of 1.8% YOY. Among them, has fallen below 10% again since FY2010, and has petroleum supply (including LPG, same applies been decreasing since then. below) was 7,415 PJ (COE: 191 million KL), a Fig:1-1 ■ Final Energy Consumption Trends Unit: million kiloliters (kL) Crude oil equivalent(COE) 0 Oil 1973FY 196 41 8 38 3 287 Coal 0 1975 182 38 9 39 3 271 Natural Gas, City Gas 0 Thermal 1980 181 43 11 48 3 286 Power, 1990 194 42 15 26 71 1 Renewable, 350 Unused Energy 2000 226 38 22 32 90 1 409 2010 188 37 30 28 96 1 380 2015 170 36 29 24 88 1 349 2017 168 35 30 25 90 1 348 2018 161 35 29 25 88 1 339 0 100 200 300 400 Source: Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI) Fig:1-2 ■ Trends of Electricity Generated Output by Source Unit: %, 100 million kWh Nuclear Power 0.2 Oils 1980FY 16.9 45.6 4.5 15.4 1 7. 4 4,850 0.2 Coal 1985 27.2 27.3 9.8 21.7 13.8 5,840 0.2 Natural Gas 1990 27.3 28.6 9.7 22.2 11. 9 7,376 Hydro Power, 0.5 Geothermal, Renewable (Solar, Wind, etc.) 1995 34.0 19.4 13.7 22.4 10.0 8,557 0.6 Others* 2000 34.3 10.7 18.4 26.4 9.6 9,396 0.9 2005 30.8 10.8 25.6 23.7 8.2 9,889 1.1 2010 28.6 7. 5 25.0 29.3 8.5 10,064 2015 1.1 9.0 31.6 44.0 9.6 4.7 8,850 2017 3.4 4.6 29.0 42.2 9.3 7. 6 3.9 8,609 2018 6.8 3.4 26.5 40.0 8.9 8.2 6.4 8,477 2030 20～22 3 26 27 22～24 10,650 (Outlook) 0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 Annual Electricity Generated Output *： Type of power supply cannot be identified, such as part of wholesale power transactions Source: FEPC(Federation of Electric Power Companies) 3 1. Oil Supply and Demand, Petroleum Products Sales and Distribution in Japan Fig:1-3 ■ Primary Energy Supply Trends Unit: %, million kiloliters (kL) Crude oil equivalent(COE) 0.6 1.5 1.0 Oil,LPG 1973FY 77.4 15.5 4.1 416 Coal 1.5 0.9 Natural Gas 1975 73.4 16.4 2.5 5.3 396 Nuclear Power 1.1 Hydro Power, 1980 66.1 16.9 6.1 4.7 5.2 429 Renewable, 1990 56.9 16.7 10.2 9.3 4.1 2.9 522 Unused Energy 2000 50.8 18.1 12.9 12.1 3.2 2.9 610 2010 43.5 21.5 1 7. 2 10.6 3.1 4.2 600 0.4 2015 44.1 24.3 21.9 3.4 5.9 549 1.3 2017 42.4 23.8 22.0 3.3 7. 1 550 2018 41.3 23.7 21.4 2.6 3.3 7. 7 543 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 Source: METI ■ Unit: %, million kiloliters (kL) Crude oil equivalent(COE) Fig:1-4 Primary Domestic Energy Supply Trends 0.6 1.6 1.0 1973FY 73.8 1.7 16.9 4.4 387 Oil 1.6 1.0 LPG 1975 69.6 2.1 1 7. 4 2.7 5.6 371 1.1 Coal 1980 61.6 3.1 1 7. 6 6.4 4.9 5.4 4 11 3.0 Natural Gas 1990 52.2 3.7 16.9 10.5 9.6 4.2 507 Nuclear Power 3.0 2000 46.0 3.2 18.5 13.5 12.6 3.3 586 Hydro Power, 2010 Renewable, 37.4 2.9 22.7 18.2 11. 2 3.3 4.4 567 Unused Energy 0.4 2015 37.9 2.7 25.7 23.3 3.6 6.3 516 1.4 2017 36.3 2.7 25.1 23.4 3.6 7. 6 519 2018 34.9 2.7 25.1 22.9 2.83.5 8.2 509 2030 About 30% About 3% About 25% About 18% About 11～10% About 13～14% 489 (Outlook) 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 *Primary Domestic Energy Supply is total supply minus exports and changes in inventories Source: METI ❷ Petroleum Supply System in Japan scale tankers, to flexibly change production volume of each petroleum product in line with the domestic There are two methods for covering domestic demand structure, to adjust product qualities which petroleum product demand: One method is to import meet domestic environmental standards, to have petroleum products and the other is to import crude superiority in responding to emergencies, etc.
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