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IT Acronyms.Docx
List of computing and IT abbreviations /.—Slashdot 1GL—First-Generation Programming Language 1NF—First Normal Form 10B2—10BASE-2 10B5—10BASE-5 10B-F—10BASE-F 10B-FB—10BASE-FB 10B-FL—10BASE-FL 10B-FP—10BASE-FP 10B-T—10BASE-T 100B-FX—100BASE-FX 100B-T—100BASE-T 100B-TX—100BASE-TX 100BVG—100BASE-VG 286—Intel 80286 processor 2B1Q—2 Binary 1 Quaternary 2GL—Second-Generation Programming Language 2NF—Second Normal Form 3GL—Third-Generation Programming Language 3NF—Third Normal Form 386—Intel 80386 processor 1 486—Intel 80486 processor 4B5BLF—4 Byte 5 Byte Local Fiber 4GL—Fourth-Generation Programming Language 4NF—Fourth Normal Form 5GL—Fifth-Generation Programming Language 5NF—Fifth Normal Form 6NF—Sixth Normal Form 8B10BLF—8 Byte 10 Byte Local Fiber A AAT—Average Access Time AA—Anti-Aliasing AAA—Authentication Authorization, Accounting AABB—Axis Aligned Bounding Box AAC—Advanced Audio Coding AAL—ATM Adaptation Layer AALC—ATM Adaptation Layer Connection AARP—AppleTalk Address Resolution Protocol ABCL—Actor-Based Concurrent Language ABI—Application Binary Interface ABM—Asynchronous Balanced Mode ABR—Area Border Router ABR—Auto Baud-Rate detection ABR—Available Bitrate 2 ABR—Average Bitrate AC—Acoustic Coupler AC—Alternating Current ACD—Automatic Call Distributor ACE—Advanced Computing Environment ACF NCP—Advanced Communications Function—Network Control Program ACID—Atomicity Consistency Isolation Durability ACK—ACKnowledgement ACK—Amsterdam Compiler Kit ACL—Access Control List ACL—Active Current -
Open WATCOM Programmer's Guide
this document downloaded from... Use of this document the wings of subject to the terms and conditions as flight in an age stated on the website. of adventure for more downloads visit our other sites Positive Infinity and vulcanhammer.net chet-aero.com Watcom FORTRAN 77 Programmer's Guide Version 1.8 Notice of Copyright Copyright 2002-2008 the Open Watcom Contributors. Portions Copyright 1984-2002 Sybase, Inc. and its subsidiaries. All rights reserved. Any part of this publication may be reproduced, transmitted, or translated in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, manual, optical, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of anyone. For more information please visit http://www.openwatcom.org/ Portions of this manual are reprinted with permission from Tenberry Software, Inc. ii Preface The Watcom FORTRAN 77 Programmer's Guide includes the following major components: · DOS Programming Guide · The DOS/4GW DOS Extender · Windows 3.x Programming Guide · Windows NT Programming Guide · OS/2 Programming Guide · Novell NLM Programming Guide · Mixed Language Programming · Common Problems Acknowledgements This book was produced with the Watcom GML electronic publishing system, a software tool developed by WATCOM. In this system, writers use an ASCII text editor to create source files containing text annotated with tags. These tags label the structural elements of the document, such as chapters, sections, paragraphs, and lists. The Watcom GML software, which runs on a variety of operating systems, interprets the tags to format the text into a form such as you see here. Writers can produce output for a variety of printers, including laser printers, using separately specified layout directives for such things as font selection, column width and height, number of columns, etc. -
MTS on Wikipedia Snapshot Taken 9 January 2011
MTS on Wikipedia Snapshot taken 9 January 2011 PDF generated using the open source mwlib toolkit. See http://code.pediapress.com/ for more information. PDF generated at: Sun, 09 Jan 2011 13:08:01 UTC Contents Articles Michigan Terminal System 1 MTS system architecture 17 IBM System/360 Model 67 40 MAD programming language 46 UBC PLUS 55 Micro DBMS 57 Bruce Arden 58 Bernard Galler 59 TSS/360 60 References Article Sources and Contributors 64 Image Sources, Licenses and Contributors 65 Article Licenses License 66 Michigan Terminal System 1 Michigan Terminal System The MTS welcome screen as seen through a 3270 terminal emulator. Company / developer University of Michigan and 7 other universities in the U.S., Canada, and the UK Programmed in various languages, mostly 360/370 Assembler Working state Historic Initial release 1967 Latest stable release 6.0 / 1988 (final) Available language(s) English Available programming Assembler, FORTRAN, PL/I, PLUS, ALGOL W, Pascal, C, LISP, SNOBOL4, COBOL, PL360, languages(s) MAD/I, GOM (Good Old Mad), APL, and many more Supported platforms IBM S/360-67, IBM S/370 and successors History of IBM mainframe operating systems On early mainframe computers: • GM OS & GM-NAA I/O 1955 • BESYS 1957 • UMES 1958 • SOS 1959 • IBSYS 1960 • CTSS 1961 On S/360 and successors: • BOS/360 1965 • TOS/360 1965 • TSS/360 1967 • MTS 1967 • ORVYL 1967 • MUSIC 1972 • MUSIC/SP 1985 • DOS/360 and successors 1966 • DOS/VS 1972 • DOS/VSE 1980s • VSE/SP late 1980s • VSE/ESA 1991 • z/VSE 2005 Michigan Terminal System 2 • OS/360 and successors -
A Study on Various Programming Languages to Keep Pace with Innovation
S.Sridhar* et al. (IJITR) INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH Volume No.5, Issue No.2, February – March 2017, 5681-5704. A Study On Various Programming Languages To Keep Pace With Innovation S.SRIDHAR Professor & Director RV Centre for Cognitive & Central Computing R.V.College of Engineering, Mysore Road Bangalore-560059 India Abstract: A programming language is a formal computer language designed to communicate instructions to a machine, particularly a computer. Programming languages can be used to create programs to control the behaviour of a machine or to express algorithms. The earliest known programmable machine preceded the invention of the digital computer and is the automatic flute player described in the 9th century by the brothers Musa in Baghdad, "during the Islamic Golden Age". From the early 1800s, "programs" were used to direct the behavior of machines such as Jacquard looms and player pianos. Thousands of different programming languages have been created, mainly in the computer field, and many more still are being created every year. Many programming languages require computation to be specified in an imperative form (i.e., as a sequence of operations to perform) while other languages use other forms of program specification such as the declarative form (i.e. the desired result is specified, not how to achieve it). The description of a programming language is usually split into the two components of syntax (form) and semantics (meaning). Some languages are defined by a specification document (for example, the C programming language is specified by an ISO Standard) while other languages (such as Perl) have a dominant implementation that is treated as a reference. -
Watcom FORTRAN 77 Tools
Open Watcom FORTRAN 77 Tools User’s Guide First Edition Notice of Copyright Copyright 2002-2006 the Open Watcom Contributors. Portions Copyright 1984-2002 Sybase, Inc. and its subsidiaries. All rights reserved. Any part of this publication may be reproduced, transmitted, or translated in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, manual, optical, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of anyone. For more information please visit http://www.openwatcom.org/ Printed in U.S.A. ii Preface The Open Watcom FORTRAN 77 Tools User's Guide describes how to use Open Watcom's software development tools on Intel 80x86-based personal computers with DOS, Windows, or OS/2. The Open Watcom FORTRAN 77 Tools User's Guide describes the following tools: · compile and link utility · assembler · object file library manager · object file disassembler · exe2bin utility · far call optimization utility · patch utility · executable file strip utility · make utility · touch utility Acknowledgements This book was produced with the Open Watcom GML electronic publishing system, a software tool developed by WATCOM. In this system, writers use an ASCII text editor to create source files containing text annotated with tags. These tags label the structural elements of the document, such as chapters, sections, paragraphs, and lists. The Open Watcom GML software, which runs on a variety of operating systems, interprets the tags to format the text into a form such as you see here. Writers can produce output for a variety of printers, including laser printers, using separately specified layout directives for such things as font selection, column width and height, number of columns, etc. -
Compiler Information
Compiler Information ©1995, Intel Corporation Intro • Compilers for Intel Architecture processors have been continuously improved over the past 2-3 years • Application performance has been improved > 25% during this period of time • All improvements have come from processor independent compiler techniques and enhancements Use a “new generation” compiler as a part of your APP development With on-going compiler improvements, there is tremendous benefit to be realized by using the latest compilers in your application development. These can provide performance enhancements for your applications when running on an Intel486™, Pentium®, or P6 processor. Compiler Program Status Versions of Compilers* w/Optimizations including Pentium® Processor Awareness Gen’l Availability – Absoft: Ftn, C for UNIX Now (4/93) – Borland: C/C++ for NT, Win32s, DOS32 Now (Q4’93) – IBM: C/C++ for OS/2 Now (6/93) – Lahey Ftn90 for DOS32 Now – Liant: Ftn, C for UNIX Now – MetaWare: C/C++ for UNIX Now (6/93) – Microsoft: C/C++ for NT, Win32s Now (8/93) – Microsoft: Fortran for NT, Win32s Now (11/93) – SCO: C for SCO UNIX Now (3/93) – SunPro: C/C++, Ftn for Solaris Now (5/93) – USL: C for UNIX SVR4 Now (Q4’92) – WATCOM: C/C++, Ftn for NT, Win32s, Now (6/93) DOS32, OS/2 Most optimizing compilers have been available since Summer ‘93! *other brands and names are property of their respective owners. Above is a quick list of compilers optimized for the Intel Architecture in general (with Pentium® processor awareness built into the code scheduling) over the last 2 years. The first formal release of Proton (Intel’s reference compiler whose purpose is to offer new compiler technology to the industry) was in March ‘93. -
MTS Volume 1, for Example, Introduces the User to MTS and Describes in General the MTS Operating System, While MTS Volume 10 Deals Exclusively with BASIC
M T S The Michigan Terminal System The Michigan Terminal System Volume 1 Reference R1001 November 1991 University of Michigan Information Technology Division Consulting and Support Services DISCLAIMER The MTS manuals are intended to represent the current state of the Michigan Terminal System (MTS), but because the system is constantly being developed, extended, and refined, sections of this volume will become obsolete. The user should refer to the Information Technology Digest and other ITD documentation for the latest information about changes to MTS. Copyright 1991 by the Regents of the University of Michigan. Copying is permitted for nonprofit, educational use provided that (1) each reproduction is done without alteration and (2) the volume reference and date of publication are included. 2 CONTENTS Preface ........................................................................................................................................................ 9 Preface to Volume 1 .................................................................................................................................. 11 A Brief Overview of MTS .......................................................................................................................... 13 History .................................................................................................................................................. 13 Access to the System ........................................................................................................................... -
Calling Non-COBOL Subprograms
CodeBridge™ Calling Non-COBOL Subprograms ® ® Version 7.5 for UNIX and Windows This manual is a reference guide for Liant Software Corporation’s CodeBridge, a cross-language call system designed to simplify communication between RM/COBOL programs and non-COBOL subprogram libraries written in C (or C++). It is assumed that the reader is familiar with programming concepts and with the COBOL and C (or C++) languages in general. The information contained herein applies to systems running under Microsoft 32-bit Windows and UNIX-based operating systems. The information in this document is subject to change without prior notice. Liant Software Corporation assumes no responsibility for any errors that may appear in this document. Liant reserves the right to make improvements and/or changes in the products and programs described in this guide at any time without notice. Companies, names, and data used in examples herein are fictitious unless otherwise noted. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopied, recorded, or otherwise, without prior written permission of Liant Software Corporation. The software described in this document is furnished to the user under a license for a specific number of uses and may be copied (with inclusion of the copyright notice) only in accordance with the terms of such license. Copyright © 1999-2002 by Liant Software Corporation. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. _____________________ RM, RM/COBOL, RM/COBOL-85, Relativity, Enterprise CodeBench, RM/InfoExpress, RM/Panels, VanGui Interface Builder, CodeWatch, CodeBridge, Cobol-WOW, InstantSQL, Liant, and the Liant logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of Liant Software Corporation. -
MINOS 5.51 User's Guide
SYSTEMS OPTIMIZATION LABORATORY DEPARTMENT OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING STANFORD UNIVERSITY STANFORD, CALIFORNIA, USA MINOS 5.51 USER’S GUIDE by Bruce A. Murtagh† and Michael A. Saunders‡ TECHNICAL REPORT SOL 83-20R December 1983 Revised September 23, 2003 Copyright c 1983–2002 Stanford University †Graduate School of Management, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia ([email protected]). ‡Dept of Management Science and Engineering, Terman Building, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-4026, USA ([email protected]). Research and reproduction of this report were supported by the Department of Energy contract DE-AM03-76SF00326, PA No. DE-AT03-76ER72018; National Science Foundation grants MCS- 7926009, ECS-8012974 and CCR-9988205; the Office of Naval Research contracts N00014-75-C-0267 and N00014-02-1-0076; and the Army Research Office contract DAAG29-81-K-0156. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the above sponsors. Reproduction in whole or in part is permitted for any purposes of the United States Government. ii Contents Preface to MINOS 5.51 vii Preface to MINOS 5.0 xv 1 Introduction 3 1.1 LinearProgramming .................................. 4 1.2 Problems with a Nonlinear Objective . 5 1.3 Problems with Nonlinear Constraints . ..... 7 1.4 ProblemFormulation................................. ... 9 1.5 Restrictions....................................... 10 1.6 Storage .......................................... 10 1.7 Files............................................ 11 1.8 InputDataFlow ...................................... 11 1.9 MultipleSPECSFiles .................................. 12 1.10 Internal Modifications . 13 2 User-written Subroutines 15 2.1 Subroutine funobj . 15 2.2 Subroutine funcon . 17 2.3 Constant Jacobian Elements . -
Application of Microcomputers 1N Bridge Design
Transportation Research Record 1072 15 Application of Microcomputers 1n Bridge Design RONALD A. LOVE, FURMAN W. BARTON, and WALLACE T. McKEEL, Jr. ABSTRACT The use of microcomputers in bridge design activities in state transportation departments was evaluated through contacts with 32 state agencies. Although pres ent use of microcomputers was found to be 1 imi tea, subsequent research showed that the current generation of 16-bit machines offers significant advantages in complementing existing computing facilities in a manner that fully uses the power of both mainframe and microcomputer. The ability of microcomputers to run large bridge design applications in a stand-alone mode was demonstrated by successfully downloading and converting four mainframe programs. Running design and analysis programs in a stand-alone mode frees the mainframe CPU and increases access to software that can be run repetitively without consideration of mainframe costs. When access to larger applications on the mainframe is required, the microcomputer used as an intelligent terminal can process input data locally and send them to the mainframe for processing. Output data, in return, can be downloaded to the microcomputer and reviewed off-line or input into microcomputer applications such as spreadsheets or graphics packages for further processing. Computer applications in engineering design have had preferred alternative for using much of the bridge a dramatic effect on the analysis and design process design software available. In Virginia, as in many in general. Automating analysis and design proce other states, many bridge design activities have dures has relegated much of the computational burden been decentralized in district offices across the to machines, allowing the engineer more time to state. -
Jim C. Warren Papers
http://oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/c8p84hhx No online items Guide to the Jim C. Warren papers Finding aid prepared by Bo Doub, Kim Hayden, and Sara Chabino Lott Processing of this collection was made possible through generous funding from The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation, administered through the Council on Library and Information Resources' Cataloging Hidden Special Collections and Archives grant. Computer History Museum 1401 N. Shoreline Blvd. Mountain View, CA, 94043 (650) 810-1010 [email protected] 2016 Guide to the Jim C. Warren papers X2595.2004 1 Title: Jim C. Warren papers Identifier/Call Number: X2595.2004 Contributing Institution: Computer History Museum Language of Material: English Physical Description: 94.38 Linear feet,74 record cartons, 5 manuscript boxes Date (bulk): Bulk, 1975-1995 Date (inclusive): 1956-2000 Abstract: The Jim C. Warren papers document Warren’s founding and chairmanship of the West Coast Computer Faire, his political activism related to online access and civil liberties, his computer-related publications and writing career, and his technological consulting projects and research. Also included is material related to other computer conferences and workshops, manuals and promotional material from various companies, reports and articles, and newsletters from computer clubs, organizations, and companies. Material dates from 1956 to 2000, with the bulk of the collection being from 1975 to 1995. Languages: The majority of material in the collection is in English, but there are a small number of items in Swedish. creator: Jim, C. Warren Access Restrictions An item in Box 38, Folder 3, is restricted from access until Jim Warren’s death. -
Computers Vol
I SCIENCE AND BUS~NESS ' December, 1975 computers Vol. 24, No. 12 and people formerly Computers and Automation UB~y USE ONt y 225 CHRISTMAS FLOWERS by William Kolomyjec The Computer Glass Box (Part 2) - H. A. Peelle The Universal Product Code - Thomas V. Sobczak Software Should Be Patentable - ADAPSO Computer-Assisted Tutorials in College Mathematics - J. L. Caldwell and Doug/as Polley Computers and Society: A Course at York University - Larry J. Murphy 7 3 "RIDE THE EAST WIND: Parables of Yesterday and Today" by Edmund C. Berkeley, Author and Anthologist Published by Quadrangle/The New York Times Book Co., 1974, 224 pp, $6.95 Missile Alarm from Grunelandt Once upon a time there were two very large and strong coun tries called Bazunia and Vossnia. There were many great, impor tant, and powerful leaders of Bazunia who carefully cultivated an enormous fear of Vossnia. Over and over again these important and powerful leaders of Bazunia would say to their fellow coun trymen, "You can't trust the Vossnians." And in Vossnia there was a group of great, important, and powerful leaders who pointed out what dangerous military activities the Bazunians were carrvinQ on, and how Vossnia had to be militarily strong to counteract them. The Bazunian leaders persuaded their countrymen to vote to give them enormous sums of money to construct something called the Ballistic Missile Early Warning System, and one of its The Fly, the Spider, and the Hornet stations was installed in a land called Grunelandt far to the north of Bazunia. Once a Fly, a Spider, and a Hornet were trapped inside a window Now of course ballistic missiles with nuclear explosives can fly .screen in an attic.