Index of Compositions

Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-16709-4 — Music and the moderni, 1300–1350 Karen Desmond Index More Information

Al’entrade, 115 Bone pastor/Bone pastor/BONE (M18) Almifonis/Rosa, 147 n. 91, 149, 232 n. 63 (Machaut), 150, 233 n. 66 Altissonis/Hin,50n.51 Amer/Durement, 146, 147, 148, 233 n. 66 Caligo/Virgo/TENOR, 124, 127 n. 33 attribution to Vitry, 219, 232 n. 63 Christe/Veni (M21) (Machaut), 213 destabilisation of modus, 219–22 Colla/Bona (Vitry), 146, 147, 148, 210–12, 215, distribution of sonorities, 221–2 235 dots of perfection, 220 citation in theory treatises, 212 Amor potest/Ad amorem/TENOR (Mo 8,328), distribution of sonorities, 211 156 n. 111, 241 n. 2 Coument se poet/Se je chante/QUI PRENDOIT Amours qui/Solem iusticie/SOLEM (Mo 7,289 (Mo 7,277), 15 n. 45 = 8,338), 127 n. 33 Cum statua/Hugo (Vitry), 146 n. 90, 148, 213, Apollinis/Zodiacum,1–4, 6, 7, 16, 46, 147 n. 91, 223, 230, 235, 239 n. 8 148, 154 n. 106, 202, 240 destabilisation of modus, 222 cited by Heinrich Eger von Kalkar, 5 Apta/Flos, 17, 34, 36, 47–8, 60, 68, 117, 147 Desolata/Que,14n.39 n. 91, 149, 238, 240 Douce/Garison (Vitry), 147 n. 91, 147, 149, 213 as an exempliﬁcation of ars nova,68 attribution to Vitry, 48 n. 45 Felix/Inviolata (M23) (Machaut), 213 cited by Johannes Boen, 48 n. 45, 61 Firmissime/Adesto (attrib. Vitry), 146, 148 cited in Tractatus ﬁgurarum, 35, 47, 48, 51 Floret/Florens (attrib. Vitry), 146 n. 90, 148 contratenor, 47 n. 44 Flos/Celsa, 147 n. 91, 148 counterpoint, 61 Fortune/Ma dolour, 146 n. 90, 148, 213–15, 235 dating of, 48 n. 45 dots of perfection, 213, 215 hockets, 58–9 melodic motion, 66 Garrit/In nova (attrib. Vitry), 146, 151, 153, mythological references, 50 213, 233 n. 66 poem, 50 destabilisation of modus, 216–19 rhythmic language, 51 dots of perfection, 216, 219 subtilitas interpretation of tempus, 153 of texts, 64 stems on semibreves, 138 n. 68 syncopation, 59–61 use of red ink, 216 tenor structure, 58 texture, 56–9, 64 Hareu/Helas (M10) (Machaut), 232–4, 235, variegation, 64, 66 240 Aucun ont trouvé/Lonc tans/ANNUNTIANTES (Mo 7,254) (Petrus de Cruce), 126–8, Impudenter/Virtutibus (attrib. Vitry), 48 n. 45, 127 n. 33 147 n. 91, 149, 157, 213 Aucun, qui ne sevent/Iure tuis laudibus/ In virtute/Decens (attrib. Vitry), 147 n. 91, 149, [VIRGO] MARIA (Mo 8,317), 127 n. 33 232, 239 n. 8 Aucuns vont souvent/Amor, qui/KYRIE divided form, 228 n. 58 ELEYSON (Mo 7,264), 127 n. 33 Inter amenitatis/Revertenti,14n.39 284

Index of Compositions 285

Je commence/Et se je serai, 147 n. 91, 148, 154 Se je chante/Bien doi amer/ET SPERABIT (Mo n. 106 8,311), 15 n. 45 Je cuidoie/Se j’ai folement/SOLEM (Mo 8,332), Se paour/Diex, 149 15 n. 45, 127 n. 33 Super/Presidentes, 146, 148 Je voi/Fauvel nous,14n.39 Trahunt in praecipitia/An diex/[TENOR], 153 L’amoureuse/En l’estat, 147 n. 91, 149, 154 Trahunt/Ve qui gregi, 146, 148, 153 n. 106 Tribum/Quoniam (Vitry), 17, 36, 47–8, 68, 146, Li enseignement/De touz, 147 n. 91, 149, 154 148, 210, 215 n. 41 n. 106, 157 as ars antiqua motet, 51–3, 120 n. 16 Li savours/Li grant (Mo 8,323), 207 as crude, 48, 68 Lonc tans/Tant ai/SURREXIT (Mo 7,298), 127 as emblematic of the ars nova,51 n. 33 as not subtle, 48 attribution to Vitry, 48 Mater/Gaude, 146, 147, 148, 153 cited in Tractatus ﬁgurarum,35 Mon chant/Qui, 149 context in Fauv,48–9 dating of, 157 dating of, 47 in chronologies of the ars nova,51n.54 O canenda/Rex (Vitry), 61 n. 66, 147 n. 91, 149, in music history textbooks, 51 n. 54 199 n. 5, 229–32, 235, 240 part-writing, 64 dot of division, 229 rhythmic language, 51–3, 56 dots of perfection, 229 stems on semibreves, 138 n. 68 syncopation, 229–30 texts, 48–9 admonitory, 50, 64 Petre/Lugentium (Vitry), 48 n. 45, 147, 154–5, texture, 53–4, 64 232 n. 63 vertical sonorities, 63–4 dating of, 157, 199 n. 5 Tuba/In arboris (attrib. Vitry), 147 n. 91, 149, hockets, 58 213 Plaignant, plaignant, 115–17 modus changes, 219 n. 44 Portio/Ida, 147 n. 91, 149, 154 n. 106, 235 Post missarum/Post misse, 147 n. 91, 149, 157, Virginale/Descendi (Mo 8,330), 53–6, 205 213 Vos/Gratissima (Vitry), 13, 149, 232, 235, 240 Pour chou/Li joli tans/KYRIELEISON dating of, 202 (Mo 7,299), 127 n. 33 divided form, 227–8 dot of perfection, 201 Quare fremuerunt/TENOR mensural ambiguity, 224–7 ascending stems, 140 n. 70 modus,oﬀset, 222–7 Qui/Aucune (M5) (Machaut), 213 resonances with Jean de Savoie’s Partitura amorosa, 227 n. 54 S’Amours eüst/Au renouveler/ECCE [IAM] tenor, 199–201 (Mo 7,253), 127 n. 33 tenor sketched in Escorial, 198–9 Se cuers/Rex, 146, 148 Se grace/Cum venerint, 146 n. 90, 148 Zolomina/Nazarea, 147 n. 91, 149

General Index

Abenragel Aristotle De iudiciis astrorum,81 Metaphysics, 161 n. 5, 161, 162–3, 168 n. 26, Adam de la Halle, 19 n. 51 170 n. 32, 191–2 aesthetics, medieval on form and matter, 162–3 beauty, 37, 43, 50 on potency and act, 162–3 effects of surface, 17, 40, 43–5, 48, 65, 66, 239 on substance, 162–3 flexibility, 64–6 Physics novelty, 7, 17, 18, 77, 115, 121, 122, 238 commentaries on, 204 subtilitas. See subtilitas and see under ars on circular motion, 204 nova on perfection, 204 texture, 64–7 Arnaud of Saint-Martin-du-Ré, 2, 3, 4 varietas, 19, 43, 47, 67, 68 Arnold of Villanova, 184 Agnès of Navarre Arnoul of Quincampoix, 84, 85 daughter of Jeanne de France, queen of ars antiqua, 7, 10, 19, 20, 21, 158 Navarre, 50 n. 51 and ars nova married to Gaston Fébus, 50 n. 51 as incommensurable, 20 Albumasar, 81 as artful and delightful, 37 Flores astrologiae,81 as crude, 17, 35, 36, 37, 38, 47, 48, 68 Libre electione de lune,84 as cynical, 237 Alfonso X, King of Castile, 87, 88, 91, 93, 111 as gauche, 237 court of, 89 criticisms of, by the moderni, 119 Alienor de Bretagne, abbess of Fontevraud, 32, definition of musica mensurabilis,8 98 features of, 15 as dedicatee of the Omnes homines musical time libelli,32 conceptualisation of, 201 patron of Jean des Murs, 73 organisation of, 20, 202, 203 Angoulême, 72 notation, 15, 115, 117, 156, 237. See also AnonOP, 22, 31, 152 n. 97 notation, Franconian dating of, 27 updating of, 238 divisio modi, 209 retention of note names and shapes by Des on partial and remote imperfection, 154 Murs, 106 responding to Jean des Murs’s Conclusiones, style 208 distribution of sonorities, 204–5 AnonV, 235 regularity of perfect consonances, 201, 205 Anonymous IV, 22, 125 texture, 56 on fractio,42 theory, 125, 147 on subtilitas,42 use of Aristotelian terminology, 160, 185, Anonymous of St. Emmeram, 22, 41, 119 n. 11 187 copula,41–2 visualisation, 162, 185–8. See also Apel, Willi, 129 diagrams, music, tree Apollo, 1, 2, 3, 50 utilitas,37 Aquinas, Thomas. See Thomas Aquinas ars nova Arachne, 66 aesthetics, 34 286

General Index 287

brilliance, 4, 237 transgression of, 202 clarity, 237 rhythmic manipulations, 238 complexity, 1, 36, 37, 58, 68, 117, 121, 239, separation of rhythmic duration from 240 mensural units, 236 flexibility, 64 variegation of texture, 64 light, 4 techniques, 16. See also hocket novelty, 121, 122 imperfection, partial and remote, 239 radiance, 237 mensural manipulations, 239 subtilitas, 17, 36 rhythmic displacement, 21 variegation of texture, 64 syncopation, 21, 56, 59–61, 64, 68, 239 and ars antiqua theory as incommensurable, 20, 119, 159, 240 development of, 4–5, 156–8 continuity with, 120 n. 15, 120, 158 use of Aristotelian terminology, 160 as revolution, 7–8, 20, 102, 118, 155, 158, theory treatises. See also Vitriacan Ars nova 159, 185 treatise(s) chronology of, 16, 20, 51 n. 54, 156–8, dating of, 7, 21 238 Ars nova treatise, attributed to Philippe de definitions of, 16, 147, 150 Vitry. See Vitriacan Ars nova disputes between moderni, 30, 113, 125 treatise(s) emergence of, 4–5 Ars vetus et nova. See Jacobus, author of around the year 1330, 5, 6, 9, 33, 157–8, Speculum musicae, citations of a lost 202, 238 ars nova treatise generation of composers and theorists, 1 Artois, court of, 6 historiographical narratives, 16, 51 n. 54, astrolabe, 84, 94, 95 120, 238 astrology, 18, 73, 75, 77, 80, 81, 82, 85, 91, 99, innovations of, 5, 8, 13, 16, 19, 20, 34, 120, 101 158, 201, 202, 222, 235, 238, 239 judicial, 81 motets, 238 rise in popularity in later Middle Ages, 99 analysis, 16, 36, 48 astronomy, 4, 18, 75, 81, 82, 83, 85, 101, 198 historiography of, 215 n. 41 Alfonsine, 88 of tenor structure, 215 in Paris, 75, 88–9, 96 cited in theory treatises, 5, 15, 17, 34, 35, tables, 86, 88, 89, 94, 97 47, 51, 61, 157, 212, 213, 215, 229, 235 cardinal points, 3 definitions of, 156 Castilian, 18, 88–9, 101 distribution of sonorities, 224 access to in Paris, 89 structural importance of motetus, 215 canons, 88, 89 musical time innovations of, 93 as cumulative linear entity, 201, 233–6 trepidation/precession, 111 conceptualisation of, 201–2 correct determination of the solar year, organisation of, 20, 202 91–2, 93, 94 notation. See notation instruments, 76, 83, 84, 94, 95 style Jewish scholars of, 84 destabilisation of modus, 215–22 observations, 71, 73, 76, 77, 79, 83, 94, distribution of sonorities, 222 95, 97 linked to moral character, 17, 39, 49, 68 patrons, 18, 73 mensuration, irregular, 202 of Capetian descent, 73, 83, 85 mensurations, juxtaposition of different, solar eclipse of 1333, 70, 71 210–15 study by women, 97 metrical instability, 202 Athena, 66 metrical misalignment between voices, auctoritas, 77, 95, 106, 111, 142, 158 202 automata, 17 modus Averroes offset, 222–7 commentary on Aristotle’s Metaphysics, 161

288 General Index

Avignon, papal court, 12 De unitate et uno. See Dominicus of Clement VI, 18 Gundissalinus as centre for music and astronomy, 18 Isagoge, 166, 191–2 as Nova Roma,18 mentioned in Apollinis/Zodiacum,3 calendar reform, 13, 78–9, 97 Bonne of Luxembourg Vitry as diplomat to, 12 Psalter and Hours of, 228 Azarquel Boudet, Jean-Patrice, 75 Canons on the Tables of Toledo, 81, 82 Bourbon, court of, 6 Br, 146, 147, 153, 238 Barcelona anonymous, 22, 23, 26, 127 n. 33 motets on Aucun ont trouvé, 128 distribution of sonorities, 210 on undiﬀerentiated semibreves, more than notation three, 128 stems, 123 Bayeux, 89 tied notes, 153 Bec Abbey, 32, 33, 73, 80, 84, 101 n. 98, 102, 246 Bragard, Roger, 10 Bent, Margaret, 11, 48, 127, 129, 130 Bruges, 4 n. 6 Berkeley treatise, 22, 207 n. 22 Burgundy, court of, 6 dot of division, 209 Busse Berger, Anna Maria, 19, 239 dot of perfection, 209 punctus additionis, 209 calendar reform. See under Avignon, papal Bernard of Clairvaux court on subtilitas,40 Calliope, 50 Bernard of Cluny, 1–4, 5, 240 Callus, D. A., 165 Besseler, Heinrich, 27, 28, 87, 239 Cambrai, 12 Binski, Paul, 43, 64, 66 camera obscura,70 BL Royal 12.C.XVII, 81 Capetians. See House of Capet Black Death, 12 Caplin, William, 235 BnF fr. 571, 124, 138. See Pn 571 Carey, Hilary, 77 BnF fr. 1586 (MachC), 238 Carruthers, Mary, 43, 189 copying date, 238 Catalonia, 23 BnF fr. 9220, 189, 194 Cerberus, 50 BnF lat. 7198, 81 Chabás, José, 75, 88, 89, 96 BnF lat. 7378A, 9 n. 21, 28–31, 33, 87 n. 52 Champagne, 72 omission of music examples, 105 n. 103 Charles II of Navarre (‘the Bad’), 70, 79 BnF lat. 7380, 81 Charles IV, king of France, 72 n. 9, 83 BnF lat. 7434, 81 Chaucer, Geoﬀrey, 66, 91 n. 70 BnF lat. 15128, 9 n. 21, 24, 124, 134, 136 Chicago 54.1,31n.83 BnF lat. 15461, 81 Christine de Pizan, 68 BnF lat. 16204, 81 Clement VI, 13, 18, 99. See also under Avignon, BnF lat. 16206, 81, 82 papal court BnF lat. 16211, 81, 82 patron of Jean des Murs, 73, 78, 82, 84, 97 BnF lat. 16646, 81, 82 Vatican Borghese 247, 18 BnF lat. 16663, 82 Cleveland Museum of Art, 43 Parisian provenance, 9 n. 21 Clio, 50 BnF n.a.l. 3145 (The Hours of Jeanne de Collège de Sorbonne. See under University of Navarre). See under Jeanne de Paris France, queen of Navarre color, 43, See also under Egidius de Murino, on Bodley 77,30n.80 compositional process Bodley 300, 30 n. 80, 105 n. 103 of Apta/Flos cited by Johannes Boen, 48 n. 45 Bodley 842,31 of surfaces, 43 Boethius, 85 n. 47 of Vos/Gratissima, 199–201, 224, 227, 228 De institutione musica, 9, 198 n. 3 contrapunctus,59–61, 226 loaned to Vitry by Des Murs, 13 copula,42

General Index 289

Courtenay, William, 7 Edward I, king of England, 11 courts, late medieval. See also Avignon, papal Edward II, king of England, 11 court and Évreux, court of Egidius de Murino, 2, 3, 4, 68 clerkly environment, 18 De modo componendi,46 interest in novelties, 77 on compositional process patronage of astronomy and astrology, 73 color,46 taste for luxury, 17 on motet composition, 46 taste for subtilitas,68 Eleanor of Castile, queen consort of Edward I, taste for the avant-garde, 77 11 Crosby, Alfred, 109, 110 Elias Salamo, 207 n. 21 Cu Mm.IV.43, 81 Ely Cathedral, Lady Chapel, 65, 66 embroidery, 17 degree. See Jean des Murs, notational theory, Enguerrand de Marigny, 49 gradus system and see under Enrique de Castile, 11 philosophy, medieval, scale of Escorial, 78, 79, 80, 81, 94, 114 n. 128 perfection and science, medieval, annotation dating c. 1330, 198 changes in accidental form and entries on fol. 223v, 198–9 science, medieval, latitude of form Euclid Denis le Grant, 5 n. 10, 13 n. 34, 119, 198–9 Geometry, 81, 82 acquaintance of Philippe de Vitry, 4 Évreux, 72, 82 Bishop of Senlis, 4 and Jean des Murs, 80, 84, 93 book loans from Jean des Murs, 4, 198 Cathedral of Notre-Dame, 79, 114 n. 128 master of the French royal chapel, 4 court of, 6, 12, 18, 79, 114 n. 128, mentioned in Apollinis/Zodiacum,2,3 114 Des Murs. See Jean des Murs Jean des Murs at, 73 diagrams, 184–96 Geoﬀroy Faé, Bishop of, 102 music, 20, 162, 187 n. 81 Jewish community, 84 of intensive degrees, 184 Peter of Limoges, 82 representations of being, 193 Robertus Douchet, 82 tree, 20, 187 n. 81 St. Germain-de-Navarre, 70–1, 84 dichotomous relationships, 191 vernal equinox of 1319, 79, 94 hierarchical relationships, 191 experientia. See Jean des Murs, sensible Johannes de Vetulus Anagnia, 195 experience (experientia) John of Tewkesbury, 195 Marchetto da Padova, 194 Faenza anonymous, 22, 126 mnemonic device, 189 divisio modi, 208 Tree of Jesse, 189 on Aucun ont trouvé, 127, 128 Tree of Knowledge, 189 undiﬀerentiated semibreves, more than Tree of Life, 189 three, 128 Tree of Porphyry (arbor porphyriana), Fauv, 16 n. 46, 17, 53 n. 57, 100, 145 n. 84, 146, 191–3 153, 210, 216 Tree of Virtues/Vices, 189 as emblematic of ars nova, 15, 120 directed progressions, 56, 59, 211, 216, 221, copying date, 49 222, 226, 227, 230, 232, 235 motets, 14, 15, 16, 34, 120 n. 13, 120 Discantus positio vulgaris, 204 n. 15 distribution of sonorities, 210 doctor modernus. See under Jacobus, author of modern, 14 n. 39 Speculum musicae, citations of a lost newest, 120 ars nova treatise similarities to ars antiqua style, 120 Dominicans stylistic innovation, 14 on the unity of form, 163 with concordances in ars nova notation, Dominicus Gundissalinus 146 De unitate et uno, 166, 167 notation, 15, 138, 147, 156

290 General Index

Fauv (cont.) Godfrey of Fontaines, 163, 173, 179, 180 dot criticism of John Peckham’s prohibition on of division, 144 unity of form thesis, 165 semibreves, 130, 144 from Liège, 173 interpretation of, 53 n. 57 latitude of form stems, ascending, 123 succession of forms theory, 173, 174, 180 stems, descending, 123 master regent in theology at the University tied notes, 153 of Paris, 169 use of red ink, 216 on individuation, 169 Fécamp Abbey, 82 on names and significations, 182 Firmin de Beauval, 33 n. 91, 78, 97 on the indivisibility of form, 174 Tractatus de reformatione kalendarii (co- on unity, 169 written with Jean des Murs), 78 Quodlibet XV, 182 flower Goldstein, Bernard, 75, 89, 96, 97 as contrapuntal decoration, 46 Göllner, Marie Louise, 238 as Nature’s subtilitas,46 Guarin of Soissons, 2, 3, 4 motet imagery, 50, 56 Guillaume de Machaut, 2 of musicians, Vitry ( flos musicorum), 13 as clerk, 19 n. 51 Foix, court of, 50 n. 51 collected works Fontevraud Abbey, 32, 33, 73, 80, 84, 98, 101, manuscripts, 16 n. 46 114 n. 128 Fonteinne Amoureuse Fortune, 49 Morpheus statue, 45 Fountain of Youth, 49 subtilitas,40 Francesco Petrarch, 66 knowledge of Denis le Grant’s Franco of Cologne, 22, 105, 109 n. 119, 130, compositions, 4 141, 151, 156, 187, 202, 205 knowledge of Vitry’s motets, 4 Ars cantus mensurabilis, 23, 118 mentioned in Apollinis/Zodiacum,3,4 commentaries on, 126 motets, 215 n. 41 divisio modi, 207, 208 on Nature, 46 mensural perfection, and perfect on subtilitas,68 consonances, 205 Prologue,45 on the species of mensural music, 185 Remede de Fortune, 17, 237 on the ternary perfection (perfectio), 203–4 Hope rules of perfection and imperfection, 141 and ars nova notation, 237 signum perfectionis, 207–8 juxtaposition of ars antiqua and ars nova Fribourg, 229 notation, 238 Fuller, Sarah, 24, 25, 26, 142, 205 novelty of the ars nova, 238 songs Galen, 184 metrical displacements, 238 four degrees of medicinal qualities, 108 rhythmic flexibility, 238 Gaston Fébus, count of Foix, 50 n. 51 Guillaume de St Cloud, 70, 72, 85, 91, 93, 94, married to Agnès of Navarre, 50 n. 51 95, 111 Geoffroy Faé, abbot of Bec Abbey Almanach planetarum,88n.54 dedicatee of Des Murs’s Kalendarium et Kalendarium regine,72 Patefit, 102 possible mentor to Jean des Murs, 83 later Bishop of Évreux, 102 Gülke, Peter, 239 patron of Jean des Murs, 73 Günther, Ursula, 36 Geoffrey of Meaux, 83, 85 Gushee, Lawrence, 73, 75, 86, 198 Gerard of Abbeville, 81, 82 Ghent 70 (71),31 Hagia Sophia, described by Propocius, 43 Giles of Rome, 163 Hagin le Juif, 84 Giovanni Boccaccio, 66 Hainaut, 10 Godefroy de Baralle, 2, 3, 4 Harrison, Frank, 213

General Index 291

Heinrich Eger von Kalkar, 5–6, 9, 202 Jacobus de Montibus, music theorist, 11 Cantagium,5 possible author of Speculum musicae, 10. See Henri Bate, 84 n. 45 also Jacobus de Montibus, canon of Henri d’Helène, 2, 3, 4 St.-Paul, Liège Henri Mondeville, 84 Jacobus de Sancto Martino Hesbaye, 11 De perfectione specierum, 193 Hesdin, 17 on the latitudo entium, 193 Hieronymus of Moravia, 9 n. 21, 22, 82, 109 Jacobus, author of Speculum musicae n. 119, 187 n. 82 and the ars nova,5,16 at the University of Paris, 9 and Jean des Murs hocket, 43, 56, 59, 61, 67, 68, 117, 147, 220, 224 criticisms of, 25 n. 51, 226, 227 criticisms of partial and remote Hoppin, Richard, 233 imperfection, 151 Hours of Jeanne de Navarre. See under Jeanne on musical time as a divisible continuum, de France, queen of Navarre 181–2 House of Capet, 6, 72, 73, 83 response to the Conclusiones, 31, 179, 181 adultery scandal of 1314, 72 n. 9 and Liège, 10 n. 23, 11 n. 30, 11 physicians employed by, 84 n. 46 and Paris, at the university, 9, 10, 11 House of Valois, 6, 12, 72 as an old man, 10 Hugh of St. Victor birth date, 10 De arce Noe morali, 189 citations from De unitate et uno, 166, 167 Didascalion, 198 n. 3 citations of a lost ars nova treatise, 25–6, 150, loaned to Vitry by Des 238 Murs, 13 possibly authored by Philippe de Vitry, 26 Hundred Years War, 6 similarities to CS3anon 4, 133 Husson, Matthieu, 75, 89 citations of Boethius’s Isagoge, 166 criticisms of the moderni, 5, 7, 19, 119–20, Ibn Ezra, 84 238 innovation. See also ars nova, innovations of; arguments about stems on semibreves, ars nova, style; Jean des Murs, 140 innovations descriptions of practice, 33 mathematics, 109 irregular songs, 212–13 technology, 17 lack of deference to antiqui, 119 automata, 17 minims, 140–1 double-entry bookkeeping, 110 on ars nova as unnecessary, 19 marine charts, 110 on imperfecting breves, 144 mechanical clock, 17, 110 on novelties, 115, 122 mechanics, 44, 108 references to their treatises, 121 table fountain, 44 semibreves Isaac ben Sid, 88 ﬁguration of, 122–5 Isidore of Seville, 40 solitary (freestanding), 144 Etymologiae,40 subtilitas,36–7, 68 isorhythm, 15 n. 44, 219, 222 opposed to utilitas,39 Iv, 16 n. 46, 47 n. 44, 147, 154, 201 theories of perfection and imperfection, 178 J. de Rothomago, 32, 101 n. 98 date of Speculum musicae, 7, 10, 157 Jacobus de Ispania, author of Speculum defence of the ars antiqua,7,37 musicae, 11. See Jacobus, author of hypotheses on identity, 10–11 Speculum musicae Jean des Murs, personal acquaintance with, from Hesbaye, 11 178 Jacobus de Montibus, canon of St.-Paul, Liège, knowledge of English theory, 141 n. 73 10, 11 mensural theory at the university of Paris, 11 form and matter, 160–1

292 General Index

Jacobus, author of Speculum musicae (cont.) and the Oxford Calculators, 107–9, 172 n. 35 musical notes, individuated by form, 182 annotations to Sorbonne manuscripts, 80–2 related to succession of forms theory, Arbor Boetii, 80, 82 179–81 Ars contrapuncti minims, ubiquity of, 140–1 authorship of, 90 n. 66 on the Athenians, 121 as astronomer, 12, 97 on Aucun ont trouvé, 127 access to Castilian canons, 89 on perfection and imperfection, 151 output, 18 on Petrus de Cruce, 208 patrons, 73 personal acquaintance with the moderni, as master of arts, 12 119–20 at Avignon, 18, 77, 78–9 philosophy at Évreux court, 73, 77, 96 knowledge of writings of Godfrey of clerk, 79 Fontaines, 169 at Fontevraud, 73, 80, 98 knowledge of writings of Thomas at the Sorbonne, 12, 79–83 Aquinas, 168 at the University of Paris, 9, 11, 77, knowledge of writings of Walter Burley, 102 175 auctoritas, 77, 111, 158 latitude of form book loans, 4, 13 n. 34 succession of forms theory, 173–5 to Denis le Grant, 13 n. 34, 198–9 on accidental unity, 167, 168 to J. de Rothomago, 13, 101 n. 98 on the distinction between accidental and to Philippe de Vitry, 4, 13, 198–9 substantial form (SM 4), 169–72 to Robertus Douchet, 82 on essential unity, 167 calendar for Bec Abbey, 73 on individuation in substance, 168–9 calendar reform, 73 on natural unity, 167 Canones tabule tabularum, 28, 79 n. 27, 85, on rational unity, 167 87–8, 89, 90 n. 68 on unity of being, 166–9 collaborations, 77 on the unity of form, 166 Compendium, 22, 100. See also Jean des plainchant tonary, 11 n. 30 Murs, notational theory semibreves, 121 dating of, 27, 31 modern varieties of, 115, 121–30 practical focus, 102 preference for descending stems, 140 textual relationship to Omnes homines undiﬀerentiated, more than three, 128 libellus ‘Partes prolationis’, 101 Jacques de Liège. See Jacobus, author of user-friendly format, 101 Speculum musicae Conclusiones, 22, 95, 238. See also Jean des James of Spain Murs, notational theory possible author of Speculum musicae,11 as an independent work, 31 study at the University of Oxford, 11 as response to critics, 30 Jean Buridan, 7 focus on details of notation, 101, 113 Jean de Ripa independent transmissions of, 31 latitudo entium, 193 relationship to Vitriacan Ars nova Jean de Savoie treatise(s), 143 Partitura amorosa, 227 n. 54 correct determination of the solar year, 91–2 Jean de Venette, 75 death date, 12 Jean des Murs deattributions, 90 n. 66, 96 n. 81 Alfonsine astronomy, 75 emphasis on practice, 97–9, 111 Alfonsine Canons of 1339, 80, 96 Epistola magistri Johannis de Muris ad and Alienor de Bretagne, 73 Clementum sextum,79 and Bec Abbey, 32, 80 Epistola super reformatione antiqui and Guillaume de St. Cloud, 83 kalendarii,78 and Jeanne de France, queen of Navarre, Escorial annotations, 13 n. 34, 32, 71, 78–83, 50 n. 51, 70–1 94, 111–12, 114 n. 28, 198–9

General Index 293

explicits earliest manuscript copy, 28 puzzle-like, 32 explicit in BnF lat. 7378A, 28–9 Expositio, 79, 87, 88, 89, 89, 91, 92–5 on vox and form, 175–6 discussion of observations, 94 ordering of book 2, 103 Figura inveniendi sinus kardagarum,91n.68 theoretical focus, 102 handwriting, 83 n. 38 vocabulary from mathematics, physics, innovations, 69, 76 106 notation, 68, 102–13, 158, 162 observational data, 76, 94 table design, 77, 101, 102, 111 on novelty, 240 intellectual allegiances, 240 personal acquaintance with Jacobus, 119, judicial astrology, interests in, 81 178 Kalendarium et pateﬁt, 81, 89, 96, 102 practice versus theory, 76 Kalendarium solis et lune, 79, 86, 96, 101, 102 productivity, 73–5 knowledge of musical practice, 155 Prognosticatio super coniunctione Saturni,78 Libellus cantus mensurabilis, 22, 27, 100 Quadripartitum numerorum, 108 authorship of, 90 n. 66 dedication to Vitry, 13 mathematical works, 90 n. 68 relationship to Philippe de Vitry, 13, 198–9 mentioned in Apollinis/Zodiacum,1,2,3,7 revisions and reworkings, 76, 99–102 music treatises rhetoric and writing style, 76, 95, 97, 109, and the work concept, 101 111 dating of, 33, 76, 90, 101 sensible experience (experientia), 76, 94, 97, Musica speculativa, 80, 84 114 dating of, 27, 100 Sermo de regulis computistarum,96 notational theory student in the faculty of arts, 79 form and matter, 175–83 Tabule permanentes, 33, 87 n. 50, 97–9 gradus system, 103–4, 111, 143–4 Tabule principales (aka Tables of 1321), 89, visualisation, 184–5 96 irregular songs, 212–13 target of Jacobus’s Speculum musicae,7 the minim, 51 Tractatus de reformatione kalendarii (co- musical notes individuated by matter, 183 written with Firmin de Beauval), 78 on the dot, 208 the year 1321, 28, 85–90 on imperfection Jean Froissart, 68 as a change in matter, 179 Jean Pitart, 84 on the maxima and minima, 184 Jeanne de France, queen of Navarre, 79, 96, 98, on the nature of musical time, 104, 152, 114. See also Évreux, court of 183, 197, 235 and Jean des Murs, 71 on notulae, 176–8 burial at Saint-Denis, 72 n. 8 on perfection and imperfection, 177–8 castle in Évreux (‘Navarre’), 70–1, 84 partial and remote imperfection, 113, claim to the French Crown, 72 147–55, 185 coronation in Pamplona, 70 precise measurement of duration, 152 daughter of Louis X, king of France, 71 prolation, parts of, 33 daughter of Marguerite of Burgundy, 72 n. 9 sicut se habet maxim, 142, 143 Évreux court, 18 Notitia artis musicae, 7 n. 16, 12, 22, 23, 100, The Hours of Jeanne de Navarre,73 102–13. See also Jean des Murs, interests in astronomy, 73 n. 13 notational theory marriage to Philippe, count of Évreux, 72 auctoritas, 106, 142 mother of Agnès of Navarre, 50 n. 51 cited by Jacobus, 12 solar eclipse of 1333, 71 compendia of, 23 Jeﬀery, Peter, 123 dating of, 27, 31, 87 Johannes Boen, 22, 51, 68 1319 date, 31 citation of O canenda/Rex, 229, 230 1321 date, 28 citation of Tuba/In arboris (attrib. Vitry), disputes between moderni, 30, 125 219 n. 44

294 General Index

Johannes Boen (cont.) Judah ben Moses ha-Cohen, 88 on modus changes, 219 n. 44 Julian des Murs, 81 on subtilitas fracturing of notes, 43 Kaye, Joel, 109 on syncopation, 61 Khwarizmi example of Apta/Flos, 48 n. 45, 61 Arithmetic,81 young singers, 43 Kirnberger, Johann Philipp, 236 Johannes de Burgundia. See also under Koblenz, 146 Petrus de Picardia Kremer, Richard, 75, 97 arbor, 193 Kuhn, Thomas, 158 Johannes de Garlandia, 203, 205, 207 incommensurability of scientific divisio modorum, 207 worldviews, 118 divisio sillabarum, 207 The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, 118 of Robertus de Handlo, 128 theories of scientific change, 118 on species, 185 n. 78 on the modes, 202 L’Huillier, Ghislaine, 108 rhythmic modes and placement of perfect Lambertus, 22, 41, 105, 119 n. 11, 185 consonances, 204 on the perfect long, 208 tractuli, 207 on the ternary perfection (perfectio), 203–4 Johannes de Grocheio, 41, 109 n. 119 Le Bec-Hellouin. See Bec Abbey Johannes de Vetulus Anagnia, 22, 26, 196 Leach, Elizabeth Eva, 237 tree diagrams, 195 Leech-Wilkinson, Daniel, 15, 16 John XXII, 32 n. 88 Levi Ben Gerson, 13, 83, 119 papal bull of 1324/5, 27, 31 and Avignon, 18 and Speculum musicae,28 Liège, 10, 11, 173 John Dumbleton, 193 collegiate church of St.-Paul, 10 latitude of form, 107–8 mentioned by Jacobus in Speculum musicae, addition theory, 172 10 John Duns Scotus, 180, 193 Linus, 50 latitude of form Lochrie, Karma, 228 addition theory, 172, 173, 180 logic, medieval on the intension of grace, 180 via antiqua,7 quantitative measurement of quality, 108 via moderna,7 John of Berry, 40 Longueville, 72 John of Lignères, 83, 88, 89, 96 Louis de Bourbon, count of Clermont, 12 John of Salisbury, 17 Louis X, king of France, 72 n. 9 Metalogicon criticisms of the moderni,37–9 Mahaut, Countess of Artois on the antiqui patron of astronomy, 73 on subtilitas,37–9 maneries. See under notation, rhythmic modes crude, unrefined, 38 Marchetto da Padova, 8, 193, 196 Policraticus Franconian inheritance, 194 French translation by Denis Foulechat, 38 Pomerium n. 9 divisiones, 194 revival in fourteenth-century France, 38 n. 9 Tree of Porphyry, 194 John of Saxony, 88, 96 Marguerite of Burgundy, mother of Jeanne de John of Tewkesbury, 13, 22, 23, 26 France, queen of Navarre, 72 n. 9 Quatuor principalia,23 Marie de Brabant, wife of Philippe III, king of invention of the minim, 71 n. 6, 140 n. 70 France tree diagrams, 195 patron of astronomy, 72 John Peckham Marigny on the heresy of the unity of form, 164 Enguerrand de. See Enguerrand de Marigny John Vimond, 89 Matteo da Brescia, 11

General Index 295

Maw, David, 238 Petronian, 127 n. 33 measurement. See also innovations, technology texts fourteenth-century obsession with, 18, 110 Greek mythology, 50 mechanical clock, 17 imagery precision, 17, 110, 240 dragon, 219 quantitative measurement of qualities flower, 50 John Duns Scotus, 107–9 gemstones, 50 Walter Odington, 107–9 gold, 50 medicine, 18, 82 silk, 50 memory wound of Christ, 228 and oral transmission of music repertoires, Virgin Mary, 50 239 Murdoch, John, 184 Mertonian Calculators. See University of music theory. See also notation and under Oxford, Oxford Calculators individual theorists metalwork, 17 musica mensurabilis,8 Michels, Ulrich, 27, 28, 33, 86, 87, 100, 120 prescriptive v. descriptive, 23 Minos, 50 treatises Miolo, Laure, 80 ordering of topics, 106 Mo,53 typology, 23–4 distribution of sonorities, 205 fascicles 7 and 8 Navarre motets, 15, 208 invention of minim, 71 n. 6, 140 n. 70 upper-voice organisation, 15 n. 45 Nicole Oresme, 19 n. 52 fascicle 8, 16 n. 46 Normandy, 12 date of copying, 16 astronomers, 89 motets, 205 specialists in astronomy, astrology and notation, 156 medicine, 82–4 undifferentiated semibreves, more than North, J. D., 77 three, 128 notation moderni ambiguity, 129 antiqui v. moderni, 7 n. 15 anomalies, 8, 113, 118, 156, 240 as youths, 10, 38 as compositional constraint, 239 criticisms of, 7 n. 15. See also under Jacobus, brevissima, 104 author of Speculum musicae and currentes, 125 under John of Salisbury divergences between English, French, and delight in superficialities, 17 Italian notations, 8 perceptions of, 7 n. 15 divisio modi, 207, 208 subtlety of, 17 divisio modorum, 207 University of Paris dot, 20, 21, 197, 201 masters in logic and philosophy, 7 of division, 126–9, 144, 208, 230 modus. See under notation, modus and of perfection, 61, 201, 209, 210, 211, 216, rhythmic modes 219, 220, 228, 229, 232, 235, 240 Mons, 10 punctus additionis, 207 n. 22, 209 Montpellier Codex. See Mo punctus augmentationis, 207 n. 22 Mortain, 72 signum perfectionis, 207–8 motets theory of, 205–9 compositional design, 20 dragma, 123 form duple long, 53 as manifestation of main idea of the text, imperfection by a semibreve, 150 239 England, 8 patterned tenors, 15 post-Franconian, 141 schematisation, 15 fractio,42 upper-voice organisation, 15 Franconian, 53, 197

296 General Index

notation (cont.) rhythmic modes, 202–3 gradus system. See under Jean des Murs semibreves, 19 impact on stylistic development, 239 decorative, 53, 125 innovations, 68, 102–13 descending stems Italy, 8 as practice of antiqui, 140 n. 70, 140 post-Franconian, 141 figuration of, 122–5 ligatures, 105 half-full long indicating syncopation, 123 binary, 51 n. 55, 156 n. 111 imperfect, 135 perfect, 203–4 imperfecting breves or longs, 144 longa ultra mensuram, 203 major (Franconian), 125 longissima, 104, 185 minor (Franconian), 125, 134 mensuration, 51 n. 55 red misalignment between voices, 202 indicating syncopation, 123 minim, 19, 51, 104, 117, 134, 135, 140–1, 185 semibrevis signata. See notation, invented in Navarre, 71 n. 6 semibreves, tagged invention by Vitry, 140 n. 70 solitary (freestanding), 144 minima altera, 133 tagged, 136–41 minima alterata, 135 undifferentiated ubiquity of, 145 in music manuscripts, 128 with ascending stem more than three, 126–9 standard by c. 1350, 136 with stems. See notation, semibreves, minor (of Des Murs), 115, 117, 134, 135 tagged modus semibrevis minima, 115, 117, 145, 147 change indicated with red ink, 216 semiminim, 115 n. 3, 115, 117 imperfect, 51 n. 55, 51, 210 semiminor, 134 n. 54 perfect, 51 n. 55 syncopation, 43 transgression of, 201 trictae, 207 n. 21 musical time updating motets from ars antiqua to ars cumulative nature of, 197 nova notation, 146 names for notes shorter than the breve, 134–5 void notes novelties of, 17 to indicate syncopation, 60 n. 64 partial and remote imperfection, 147–55 Nothaft, Philipp, 75, 78 parva, 115, 117, 134 Notre-Dame polyphony, 42, 125 perfection and imperfection of breve, and semibreve, 141–5 Ob Digby 190, 79 n. 27, 85 n. 48 Petronian. See notation, semibreves, Omnes homines libelli, 22, 33 undifferentiated, more than three borrowed by J. de Rothomago, 32 post-Franconian, 126–9 dating of, 33 England, 240 ‘Partes prolationis’ Italy, 240 textual relationship to Compendium, 101 punctus. See under notation, dot possibly by Jean des Murs, 33 punctus divisionis. See notation, dot, of Omni desideranti, 22, 24, 26, 27, 60, 61 n. 65, division 145, 209 punctus perfectionis. See notation, dot, of explicits perfection attribution to Vitry, 24 red ink, 216, 219 n. 44, 222 manuscript witnesses, 24 to indicate imperfect rests, 232 n. 63 Onc to indicate syncopation, 60 n. 63 undifferentiated semibreves, more than rests, 105, 185, 207 three, 128 rhythmic duration Oresme, Nicole. See Nicole Oresme exact measurement of, 5, 6, 8, Ovid, 49 130, 240 Metamorphoses, 216

General Index 297

Ovide moralisée,66 Philippe de Valois. See Philippe VI, king of Oxford Calculators. See under University of France Oxford Philippe de Vitry, 199, 226 acquaintance of Denis le Grant, 4, 198–9 Palmer, R. Barton, 45 Ars nova treatise, 14. See also Vitriacan Ars papal bull of 1324/5. See under John XXII nova treatise(s) Paris, 5, 6, 72 as formulation of oral teachings, 25 Alfonsine astronomy, 75, 88, 89 attributions to, 24 around the year 1330, 6 dating of, 27 mentioned by Jacobus, author of Speculum questions regarding authorship, 24 musicae,10 as author of the Omni desideranti treatise, 26 musical activity, 7 as Bishop of Meaux, 13 Parlement, 6 as bureaucrat, 12 royal administration, 13 as Jacobus’s doctor modernus,26 royal chancery, 12 as music theorist, 14 royal court, 6 book loans from Jean des Murs, 198 Pasnau, Robert, 162 career, 12–13 Pau, Béarn, 50 n. 51 disciples of, 25 perfection employment in the Paris Parlement, 6 motion to, from a state of imperfection, in Avignon, 18 204 calendar reform conference, 13 n. 34 of the circle, 204 interest in myth, 50 n. 51 of the soul, 204 invention of minim, 140 n. 70 of the ternary number, 204 inventor of a ‘new manner’ of motets, 14 Peter Abelard, 40 mentioned in Apollinis/Zodiacum,1,2,3,5, Peter d’Abano, 84 n. 45 7 Peter of Dacia, 4 n. 6, 4. See also Pierre de motets Bruges attribution, 13, 15 n. 40 Peter of Limoges, 81, 82 n. 33, 82, 83 influence on Guillaume de Machaut, 4 copier and annotator of BnF lat. 16663 innovative treatment of mensuration, 236 (Hieronymus of Moravia), 82 Omni desideranti. See under Omni measurements of comets, 83 desideranti, explicits, attribution to Peter of Spain Vitry Tractatus, 192 personal acquaintance with Jacobus, 119 Peter of St Omer, 4 n. 6 relationship to Jean des Murs, 13, 198–9 Peter the Nightingale. See Peter of Dacia reputation as musicus,13 Petrarch, Francesco. See Francesco Petrarch target of Jacobus’s Speculum musicae,7 Petrus de Cruce, 126–8, 127 n. 33, 130 Philippe III, king of France, 72 attribution of Ps.-Petr. Cruc. treatise, 128 Philippe IV, king of France (‘le bel’), 49, 71 n. 8, n. 38 72 Petrus de Picardia Norman physicians at court of, 84 and arbor of Johannes de Burgundia, 187–8, Philippe V, king of France, 72 n. 9 192–3 Philippe VI, king of France, 12, 72 on the five species of ligature, 188 Philippe, count of Évreux, 72, 96 on the six species of rest, 188 marriage to Jeanne de France, queen of on the three species of simple figures, Navarre, 72 187 philosophy, medieval Petrus de Sancto Dionysio, 22, 24 being, unity of, 167 at the University of Paris, 9 form regent in the faculty of theology, 85 n. 47 accidental, 169–72 Petrus dictus Palma ociosa, 46, 130 bodily, 164. See also theology, on Christ’s Compendium de discantu mensurabili,46 corpse Philippe de Dunois, 81 substantial, 169–72

298 General Index

philosophy, medieval (cont.) punctus. See under notation, dot unity of, 162–6 punctus divisionis. See notation, dot, of division and theories of mensural notation, 165 punctus perfectionis. See notation, dot, of forms perfection plurality of, 163, 167 Pythagoras, 3 latitude of form, 172–5 addition theory, 172–3 Quatuor principalia. See under John of on individuation in substance, 168–9 Tewkesbury scale of perfection Quintilian, 38 degrees (latitudo entium), 193 measured by degrees (latitudo entium), Ramon Llull 193 Arbor scientiae, 189 Phoebus. See Apollo Tractatus novus de astronomia,81 Pic, 238 Reg. Lat. 1191, 83 Pierre de Bruges, 2, 3, 4 Reginaldus de Cornemare, 84 Pierre Roger. See also Clement VI Reginaud Daugnon, 81 abbot at Fécamp, 82 Règles de la seconde rhéthorique master of theology and provisor of the reference to Vitry, 13 Sorbonne, 82 Regnaud de Tirlemont, 2, 3, 4 Plato, 204 revolution. See ars nova, as revolution Pliny Richard of Bury Natural History,40 intellectual salons at Merton College, 77 Pn 571, 147 n. 20 semibreves Richard of Wallingford, 17 stems, 124, 138 Rico, Gilles, 9 polyphony Robertus de Handlo, 8, 22, 26 compared to the weaving of threads in on Aucun ont trouvé, 127 a textile, 67 on Johannes de Garlandia, 128 manuscript sources on Petrus de Cruce, 208 fragmentary, 16 n. 46 punctus divisionis, 208 Porphyry undiﬀerentiated semibreves, more than Isagoge, 192. See also diagrams, tree, Tree of three, 128 Porphyry Robert du Palais, 2, 3, 4 Poulle, Emmanuel, 75, 86, 89, 95, 99 Robert Kilwardby prolation, parts of. See under Jean des Murs, on the teachings of Aquinas on the unity of notational theory form, 164 Propocius, 43 Robertus Douchet, 82 Ps.-Murs. arg, 22, 26, 123 n. 24 Roger Bacon, 109 n. 115 on syncopations with void notes, 60 n. 64, Perspectiva,81 123 Roman de Fauvel, 48. See also Fauv Ps.-Petr. Cruc.,22 rotuli, 16 n. 46, 238 attribution to Petrus de Cruce, 128 n. 38 on undiﬀerentiated semibreves, more than Sa, 147 three, 128 n. 38 stems, 123 Ps.-Theodonus, 22, 26, 123 Sachs, Curt, 197 copying date, 133 Saint-Denis, 72 n. 8 descending stems as practice of the antiqui, Saint-Germain, Évreux, 70–1, 84 140 n. 70 Sanders, Ernest, 15, 16 semibreve patterns, 133, 145 schematisation. See motets, form attribution to antiqui, 133 Schrade, Leo, 15 Ptolemy, 91, 93, 111 science, medieval Almagest, 198 n. 3 alchemy, 108 punctuation, medieval, 205, 228 n. 57 changes in accidential form

General Index 299

maximum of four degrees, 184 theology measured by degrees, 184 Christ’s corpse, 164 latitude of form, 110. See also under hylomorphism (body-soul relationship), 164 philosophy, medieval the incarnation, 164 along one dimension, 184 the resurrection, 164 succession-of-forms theory, transubstantiation, 164 173–5 Thomas Aquinas, 163, 164, 168, 179 measure mania, 110 Commentary on Aristotle’s Metaphysics physics on essential unity as convertible with maxima, 108 being, 168 minima, 108 on being, 167 theories of motion, acceleration, and on Christ’s corpse, 164 resistance, 107 on dimensive quantity, 164 n. 14 theories of qualitative change, 172 on quantity as the principle of individuation scribes, 14, 24, 27, 101, 106, 136, 140, 146, 153, in substance, 168 205, 213, 238 on the unity of form, 163, 167 Seneca, 38, 39 Thomas Bradwardine, 77 n. 20, 109 n. 115 Sens, 4 Toledo, 88 Shakespeare torquetum, 83, 95 Sonnet 59, 19 Tractatus figurarum, 51, 68 Siena,24 citation of Apta/Flos and Tribum/Quoniam, Siger of Brabant, 163 48 Simon de Phares, 75 passage on Tribum/Quoniam and Apta/Flos, Sorbonne. See under University 35 of Paris Tu, 127 n. 33 Speculum theologiae (Orchard of Consolation), undifferentiated semibreves, more than 189 three, 128 Spenser, Edmund, 66 St Omer, 4 n. 6 University of Oxford, 11, 164, 184 St Paul 135/1,31 Merton College, 77 n. 20 St Paul 264/4, 30, 105 Oxford Calculators, 107–9, 172 n. 35, 184 subtilitas. See also under ars nova, aesthetics study of physics, 184 and sharp intellect, 40 University of Paris, 4 n. 6, 5, 6–7, 9, 11, 77, 169, and timbre, 41, 50 173 as central aesthetic of ars nova, 1316 supplication by the university masters, 68, 240 10 as rhythmic division, 43, 125 Collège de Sorbonne, 5, 10 n. 21, 96 as superfluities, 39 Jean des Murs’s association with, 12, 19, aspect of performance, 40–1 79–82, 85, 96, 100 voices of women and children, 40 college foundation, 6 fine craftsmanship, 43–5 copying of music treatises, 9 negative connotations, 17 Faculty of Arts of textiles, 66–7 listed in Apollinis/Zodiacum,5 surface color,43 study of music, 9 Sylla, Edith D., 109, 175, 184 Vale of Tempe, 50 Tanay, Dorit, 107, 108, 109, 154 Vatican 1146,31 technology Vatican Ars nova. See Vitriacan Ars nova scientific instruments, 76, 77, 83, 84, 94 treatise(s), Rvat307 textiles. See under subtilitas and under Verboon, Annemieke, 189, 192 polyphony Vicenza, 11 Thābit ibn Qurra, 81, 91, 111 Vitriacan Ars nova treatise(s), 106, 196 Thadeus of Parma, 94 n. 74 and Jean des Murs’s Conclusiones, 143

300 General Index

Vitriacan Ars nova treatise(s) (cont.) sicut se habet maxim (the similarity attributions to Philippe de Vitry, 14 principle), 141 Breslau, 22, 123 syncopation, 59 citations of motets, 14 witnesses, 14 CS3anon3, 22, 24, 123, 130, 135 n. 58, 157 divergences in text, 27 copying date, 136 Wolfanon3,22 dragma, 123–4 copying date, 130 semibreves, tagged, 136–40 discussion of fully ﬂedged French ars nova CS3anon4, 22, 24 notation, 133 copying date, 133 manuscript source semibreve patterns, 132–40 dating of, 60 n. 62 similarities to the treatise by Jacobus’s on syncopation, 59 doctor modernus, 133 semibreve patterns, 130–3, 145 dating of, 28, 145 attributed to the antiqui, 130 dot of perfection, 209 written exemplar, 26, 137 dragma, 123 Vitry, Philippe de. See Philippe de Vitry Lbl21455,24 manuscripts Walter Burley, 109 n. 115 copied in Paris, 9 n. 21 De intensione et remissione formarum motets cited in, 34 dating of, 175 on the imperfection of the duple long by latitude of form a semibreve, 150 succession of forms theory, 173, on the interpretation of semibreve groups, 174, 180 130 master of theology, University of Paris, 173 Pn14741,22 on qualitative change, 173 discussion of prolation, 145 n. 85 Walter Odington, 22, 108, 184, 193 Pn7378A, 22, 26, 145 gradus theory, 108 explicit, 24 Summa de speculatione musicae, 184 on syncopation with red notes, 60 n. 64, theory of intension and remission of form 123 diagram, measured by four degrees, 184 partial and remote imperfection, 155 Ycocedron textual concordances qualitative intensities, 108 Pn14741,24 Wathey, Andrew, 124 Rvat307,24 Wegman, Rob, 11, 32 relationship to theories of Jean des Murs, William Heytesbury, 109 n. 115 156 William of Ockham, 7, 163 Rvat307, 22, 23 reception in Paris, 7 n. 14 Rvat307/Pn14741, 22, 26 Wippel, John F., 169 semibreve patterns, 132–40 Wonck, 10 documenting an older practice, 144–5, Woodacre, Elena, 72 157 Wroclaw, 146 n. 88, 238 semibreves, tagged ﬁrst note of three Zayaruznaya, Anna, 154, 228, 239 in Rvat307, CS3anon3 and CS3anon4, Zeus, 50 137–8 zodiac, 2, 3, 91 n. 70