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A Study of the Early Vedic Age in Ancient India
Journal of Arts and Culture ISSN: 0976-9862 & E-ISSN: 0976-9870, Volume 3, Issue 3, 2012, pp.-129-132. Available online at http://www.bioinfo.in/contents.php?id=53. A STUDY OF THE EARLY VEDIC AGE IN ANCIENT INDIA FASALE M.K.* Department of Histroy, Abasaheb Kakade Arts College, Bodhegaon, Shevgaon- 414 502, MS, India *Corresponding Author: Email- [email protected] Received: December 04, 2012; Accepted: December 20, 2012 Abstract- The Vedic period (or Vedic age) was a period in history during which the Vedas, the oldest scriptures of Hinduism, were composed. The time span of the period is uncertain. Philological and linguistic evidence indicates that the Rigveda, the oldest of the Vedas, was com- posed roughly between 1700 and 1100 BCE, also referred to as the early Vedic period. The end of the period is commonly estimated to have occurred about 500 BCE, and 150 BCE has been suggested as a terminus ante quem for all Vedic Sanskrit literature. Transmission of texts in the Vedic period was by oral tradition alone, and a literary tradition set in only in post-Vedic times. Despite the difficulties in dating the period, the Vedas can safely be assumed to be several thousands of years old. The associated culture, sometimes referred to as Vedic civilization, was probably centred early on in the northern and northwestern parts of the Indian subcontinent, but has now spread and constitutes the basis of contemporary Indian culture. After the end of the Vedic period, the Mahajanapadas period in turn gave way to the Maurya Empire (from ca. -
Moderating the Mormon Discourse on Modesty
PUBLISHING THE EXPERIENCES OF MORMON WOMEN SINCE 1974 EXPONENT II Am I Not a Woman and a Sister? MODERATING THE MODERN DISCOURSE ON MODESTY Jennifer Finlayson-Fife SISTERS SPEAK: THOUGHTS ON MOTHERS’ BLESSINGS VOL. 33 | NO. 3 | WINTER 2014 04 PUBLISHING THE EXPERIENCES OF 18 Mormon Women SINCE 1974 14 16 WHAT IS EXPONENT II ? The purpose of Exponent II is to provide a forum for Mormon women to share their life 34 experiences in an atmosphere of trust and acceptance. This exchange allows us to better understand each other and shape the direction of our lives. Our common bond is our connection to The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints and our commitment to 24 women. We publish this paper as a living history in celebration of the strength and diversity 30 of women. 36 FEATURED STORIES ADDITIONAL FEATURES 03 LETTER FROM THE EDITOR 24 FLANNEL BOARD New Recruits in the Armies of Shelaman: Notes from a Primary Man MODERATING THE 04 AWAKENINGS Rob McFarland Making Peace with Mystery: To Prophet Jonah MORMON DISCOURSE ON MODESTY Mary B. Johnston 28 Reflections on a Wedding BY JENNIFER FINLAYSON-FIFE, WILMETTE, ILLINOIS Averyl Dietering 07 SISTERS SPEAK ON THE COVER: I believe the LDS cultural discourse around modesty is important because Sharing Experiences with Mothers’ Blessings 30 SABBATH PASTORALS Page Turner of its very real implications for women in the Church. How we construct Being Grateful for God’s Hand in a World I our sexuality deeply affects how we relate to ourselves and to one another. Moderating the Mormon Discourse on -
Exponent Ii History
ROUNDTABLE: EXPONENT II HISTORY EXPONENT II: EARLY DECISIONS Claudia L. Bushman Last year was the fortieth anniversary of Exponent II, a “modest, but sincere,” as we called it, little newspaper begun in Massachusetts written by and for LDS women. That brings it within two years of the lifetime that the old Woman’s Exponent was published from 1872 to 1914. All indicators suggest that Exponent II will last longer than the earlier paper. A student at Berkeley who was doing a thesis on Exponent II recently contacted me asking for some basic information about the paper. I said that she should try to look at early accounts, as later ones tend toward the extravagant. I told her that the paper was my husband’s idea, that we wrote the paper for ourselves and friends, and that we were not trying to reform Salt Lake. She said I was wrong, that it was inspired by Susan Whitaker Kohler’s discovery of the Woman’s Exponent, and that we had sent copies to the wives of General Authorities to enlist them. What is more, she cited my writings as evidence. She said if I didn’t know how things had happened, could I please direct her to someone who did. Well, history is malleable. I write history. Innocent little things in the past turn out to have big meaning. Exponent II is now old enough to have a mythic past. I add to it whenever I can. I don’t like to repeat myself, although I certainly do. Exponent II was part of big movements of its day, an LDS expression of the then current women’s liberation movement and also part of the Church’s New Mormon History. -
Sex in Antiquity Exploring Gender and Sexuality in the Ancient World Mark Masterson, Nancy Sorkin Rabinowitz, James Robson
This article was downloaded by: 10.3.98.104 On: 30 Sep 2021 Access details: subscription number Publisher: Routledge Informa Ltd Registered in England and Wales Registered Number: 1072954 Registered office: 5 Howick Place, London SW1P 1WG, UK Sex in Antiquity Exploring Gender and Sexuality in the Ancient World Mark Masterson, Nancy Sorkin Rabinowitz, James Robson Fertility and Gender in the Ancient Near East Publication details https://www.routledgehandbooks.com/doi/10.4324/9781315747910.ch2 Stephanie Lynn Budin Published online on: 18 Dec 2014 How to cite :- Stephanie Lynn Budin. 18 Dec 2014, Fertility and Gender in the Ancient Near East from: Sex in Antiquity, Exploring Gender and Sexuality in the Ancient World Routledge Accessed on: 30 Sep 2021 https://www.routledgehandbooks.com/doi/10.4324/9781315747910.ch2 PLEASE SCROLL DOWN FOR DOCUMENT Full terms and conditions of use: https://www.routledgehandbooks.com/legal-notices/terms This Document PDF may be used for research, teaching and private study purposes. Any substantial or systematic reproductions, re-distribution, re-selling, loan or sub-licensing, systematic supply or distribution in any form to anyone is expressly forbidden. The publisher does not give any warranty express or implied or make any representation that the contents will be complete or accurate or up to date. The publisher shall not be liable for an loss, actions, claims, proceedings, demand or costs or damages whatsoever or howsoever caused arising directly or indirectly in connection with or arising out of the use of this material. 2 FERTILITY AND GENDER IN THE ANCIENT NEAR EAST Stephanie Lynn Budin Human females and males make very different contributions to the process of reproduction. -
Devi: the Great Goddess (Smithsonian Institute)
Devi: The Great Goddess Detail of "Bhadrakali Appears to Rishi Chyavana." Folio 59 from the Tantric Devi series. India, Punjab Hills, Basohli, ca 1660-70. Opaque watercolor, gold, silver, and beetle-wing cases on paper. Purchase, Freer Gallery of Art, Smithsonian Institution F1997.8 Welcome to Devi: The Great Goddess. This web site has been developed in conjunction with the exhibition of the same name. The exhibition is on view at the Arthur M. Sackler Gallery from March 29, 1999 through September 6, 1999. Like the exhibition, this web site looks at the six aspects of the Indian goddess Devi. The site offers additional information on the contemporary and historical worship of Devi, activities for children and families, and a list of resources on South Asian arts and cultures. You may also want to view another Sackler web site: Puja: Expressions of Hindu Devotion, an on-line guide for educators explores Hindu worship and provides lesson plans and activities for children. This exhibition is made possible by generous grants from Enron/Enron Oil & Gas International, the Rockefeller Foundation, The Starr Foundation, Hughes Network Systems, and the ILA Foundation, Chicago. Related programs are made possible by Victoria P. and Roger W. Sant, the Smithsonian Educational Outreach Fund, and the Hazen Polsky Foundation. http://www.asia.si.edu/devi/index.htm (1 of 2) [7/1/2000 10:06:15 AM] Devi: The Great Goddess | Devi Homepage | Text Only | | Who is Devi | Aspects of Devi | Interpreting Devi | Tantric Devi | For Kids | Resources | | Sackler Homepage | Acknowledgements | The Arthur M. Sackler Gallery and Freer Gallery of Art, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20560. -
Part I the Religions of Indian Origin
Part I The Religions of Indian Origin MRC01 13 6/4/04, 10:46 AM Religions of Indian Origin AFGHANISTAN CHINA Amritsar Kedamath Rishikesh PAKISTAN Badrinath Harappa Hardwar Delhi Indus R. NEPAL Indus Civilization BHUTAN Mohenjo-daro Ayodhya Mathura Lucknow Ganges R. Pushkar Prayag BANGLADESH Benares Gaya Ambaji I N D I A Dakshineshwar Sidphur Bhopal Ahmadabad Jabalpur Jamshedpur Calcutta Dwarka Dakor Pavagadh Raipur Gimar Kadod Nagpur Bhubaneswar Nasik-Tryambak Jagannath Puri Bombay Hyderabad Vishakhapatnam Arabian Sea Panaji Bay of Bengal Tirupati Tiruvannamalai-Kaiahasti Bangalore Madras Mangalore Kanchipuram Pondicherry Calicut Kavaratti Island Madurai Thanjavar Hindu place of pilgrimage Rameswaram Pilgrimage route Major city SRI LANKA The Hindu cultural region 14 MRC01 14 6/4/04, 10:46 AM 1 Hinduism Hinduism The Spirit of Hinduism Through prolonged austerities and devotional practices the sage Narada won the grace of the god Vishnu. The god appeared before him in his hermitage and granted him the fulfillment of a wish. “Show me the magic power of your Maya,” Narada prayed. The god replied, “I will. Come with me,” but with an ambiguous smile on his lips. From the shade of the hermit grove, Vishnu led Narada across a bare stretch of land which blazed like metal under the scorching sun. The two were soon very thirsty. At some distance, in the glaring light, they perceived the thatched roofs of a tiny village. Vishnu asked, “Will you go over there and fetch me some water?” “Certainly, O Lord,” the saint replied, and he made off to the distant group of huts. When Narada reached the hamlet, he knocked at the first door. -
If I Hate My Mother, Can I Love the Heavenly Mother? Personal Identity, Parental Relationships, and Perceptions of God
If I Hate My Mother, Can I Love the Heavenly Mother? Personal Identity, Parental Relationships, and Perceptions of God Margaret Merrill Toscano Mothers & daughters... something sharp catches in my throat as I watch my mother nervous before flight, do needlepoint— blue irises & yellow daffodils against a stippled woolen sky. She pushes the needle in & out as she once pushed me: sharp needle to the canvas of her life— embroidering her faults in prose & poetry, writing the fiction of my bitterness, the poems of my need. "You hate me," she accuses, needle poised, "why not admit it?" I shake my head. 32 Dialogue: A Journal of Mormon Thought The air is thick with love gone bad, the odor of old blood. If I were small enough I would suck your breast... but I say nothing, big mouth, filled with poems. Mother, what I feel for you is more &less than love. —Erica Jong, from "Dear Marys, Dear Mother, Dear Daughter' WHEN I HAVE MENTIONED THE TITLE OF MY ESSAY—"If I Hate My Mother, Can I Love the Heavenly Mother?"—to different women, they have usu- ally answered with a startled, "Do you really hate your mother?" Their response has surprised me a little because I thought of my title as rhetori- cal not confessional. However, I think their question is still appropriate because feminism always sees theological questions arising out of per- sonal experience. In this essay I mix personal narrative with theological analysis not only because I see this as effective methodology but also be- cause my thesis assumes that all of our theological constructs are based on personal and cultural preference. -
Holy Mothers in the Vietnamese Diaspora: Refugees, Community, and Nation
religions Article Holy Mothers in the Vietnamese Diaspora: Refugees, Community, and Nation Thien-Huong Ninh Department of Sociology, Cosumnes River College, 8401 Center Parkway, Sacramento, CA 95823, USA; [email protected] Received: 2 July 2018; Accepted: 19 July 2018; Published: 27 July 2018 Abstract: Holy mothers, specifically the Vietnamese-looking Our Lady of Lavang and Caodai Mother Goddess, are the crucibles of faith for many Vietnamese Catholics and Caodaists. Based on ethnographic data collected in California, which has the largest overseas Vietnamese population, I argue that Vietnamese refugees and their US-reared descendants have been able to re-centralize their fragmented communities through the innovative adaption of holy mother worship. In particular, Vietnamese Catholics in the US have transformed the European image of Our Lady of Lavang into a Vietnamese woman and exported it to the rest of the world. Meanwhile, Vietnamese American Caodaists have revived traditional religious rituals for the Caodai Mother Goddess which were repressed and prohibited for many years under communism in Vietnam. Through their shared devotion to holy mothers, these Vietnamese American faithful have also rebuilt relations with co-ethnic co-religionists living throughout the world. For both the Vietnamese Catholic and Caodai groups, holy mothers have emerged as emblems of their deterritorialized nation in the diaspora. Keywords: Virgin Mary; Our Lady of Lavang; Mother Goddess; Holy Mother; Catholicism; Caodaism; diaspora; nation; refugee; Vietnamese 1. Introduction On the eight month of each lunar calendar year, Vietnamese Catholics and Caodaists flock in large numbers to the sacred sites of their holy mothers in Vietnam, the Vietnamese-looking Our Lady of Lavang and the Asian-looking Caodai Mother Goddess, respectively. -
Mother and Child Worship
Mother And Child Worship One of the most outstanding examples of how Babylon paganism has continued to our day is the worship of the mother of Jesus Christ. The story of the mother and child was widely known in ancient Babylon and developed into an established worship. Numerous monuments of Babylon show the goddess mother Semiramis with her child Tammuz in her arms. [‘Encyclopaedia of Religions’ volume 2, page 398] When the people of Babylon were scattered to various parts of the earth [ Genesis 11:5-9], they carried the worship of the divine mother [Semiramis] and her child [Tammuz] with them. This explains why many nations worshipped a mother and child, in one form or another, long before the true Saviour, Jesus Christ, was born into the world. The Chinese had a mother goddess called Shingmoo or “holy mother.” [‘The Heathen Religions’ by Gross, page 60] The ancient Germans worshipped the virgin Hertha with a child in her arms. The Scandinavian caller her Disa who was also pictured with a child. The Druids worshipped Virgo-Patitura as the “mother of god.” In India, she is known as Indrani, who is also represented with child in arms. The Greeks Aphrodite or Ceres was a mother goddess. Rome worshipped Venus or Fortuna and her child was Jupiter. [‘The Two Babylons’ Hislop, page 20] Mother and child, Devaki and Crishna, were worshipped. In India temples have been erected for the worship of Isi, the “great goddess” and her child Iswara. When the children of Israel went into apostasy, they were defiled with this mother goddess worship. -
Vernacular Theology, Home Birth and the Mormon Tradition
Vernacular Theology, Home Birth and the Mormon Tradition by © Christine Blythe A thesis submitted to the School of Graduate Studies in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts Department of Folklore Memorial University of Newfoundland April 2018 St. John’s, Newfoundland and Labrador Abstract This thesis examines the personal experience narratives of Mormon birth workers and mothers who home birth. I argue that embedded in their stories are vernacular beliefs that inform their interpretations of womanhood and broaden their conceptions of Mormon theology. Here I trace the tradition of Mormon midwifery from nineteenth century Mormonism into the present day and explore how some Mormon birth workers’ interpretation of the Mormon past became a means of identity formation and empowerment. I also examine how several recurring motifs reveal how the pain of natural childbirth—either in submission to or in the surmounting of— became a conduit of theological innovations for the women participating in this research. Their stories shed light on and respond to institutional positions on the family and theological ambiguities about woman’s role in the afterlife. Drawing on the language of my contributors, I argue that in birth women are sacralized, opening the door to an expanding (and empowering) image of Mormon womanhood. Blythe, ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS It has been my privilege to work with so many inspiring and intelligent women whose stories make up the better part of my research. My deepest appreciation goes out to each of my contributors for their willingness to participate in this project. I am also indebted to the faculty in the Department of Folklore at Memorial University of Newfoundland for their encouragement and instruction throughout the course of my Master’s Degree, In particular, I thank Maria Lesiv who offered advice on an earlier and abbreviated draft of my thesis and Holly Everett for her abiding encouragement. -
Summer 2016 Vol. 36 No. 1
SUMMER 2016 VOL. 36 NO. 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE 06 20 11 COVER ART 05 LETTER FROM THE DECIDUOUS VENTRICLE 17 Natalie Stallings EDITOR 11 BOOK REVIEW MARGARET OLSEN MISSIONARY BARBIE FROM DIPLOMAT TO HEMMING Sydney Pritchett STRATEGIST: A REVIEW OF NAVIGATING MORMON FAITH CRISIS Eunice Yi McMurray 07 14 HEARTBREAK AND FOR ELSIE HOPE S.K. Julie Searcy 18 SISTERS SPEAK IDEAS FOR VISITING TEACHING WHAT IS EXPONENT II? Exponent II provides a forum for Mormon women to share their life experiences in an atmosphere of trust and acceptance. This exchange allows us to better understand each other and shape the direction of our lives. Our common bond is our connection to The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter- day Saints and our commitment to women. We publish this paper as a living history in celebration of the strength and diversity of women. 27 24 36 23 FLANNEL BOARD 20 WOMEN IN THE LDS HOW (A TEENSY BIT CHURCH: A COURSE OF 31 30 OF) APOSTASY MADE ME A STUDY EXPONENT BETTER MORMON Kathryn Loosli Pritchett GENERATIONS Lauren Ard THE ROLES OF WOMEN 28 Lucy M. Hewlings WINDOWS AND WALLS Jan L. Tyler 26 Heather Moore-Farley 22 POETRY Rachel Rueckert POETRY MANDALA THE MIDDLE Mary Farnsworth Smith Stacy W. Dixon 34 HIDE AND SEEK 27 Brooke Parker BOOK REVIEW BAPTISM AND BOOMERANGS Lisa Hadley COVER ARTIST STATEMENT I am a freelance illustrator and artist living in Provo, Utah. When not drawing about ladies, and other lovely things, I like to use my personal work as a space to analyze domestic 21st century living. -
LJA = Leonard J. Arrington Abel, Elijah, 1:290; Article On, 3:26
INDEX LJA = Leonard J. Arrington cotton, 1:7, 39, 858; early Utah expedi- tions in, 1:197–98; Future Farmers of America (FFA), 3:35, 135, 328n31, 385; A gender roles in 1:698–99, Israel Evans and, 1:715n32; Jensen Historical Farm, Abel, Elijah, 1:290; article on, 3:26; mis- 1:708–09; LJA and, 1:815–17, 821–24, sionary work, 3:220 829, 857–58, 2:202, 3:13, 15, 20, 31, abortion, 1:23, 458, 583, 786, 2:37n65, 131, 335, 389; LJA books on, 1:64–65; 3: 399, 436, 438, 637, 872, 902, 179, 316, potatoes, 1:15–16, 23; symposium on, 3: 456, 198. See also pregnancy 1:690. See also farming 2: Abravanel, Maurice, 130n109, 324, Ahanin, Marlena, 2:122, 340 438–39, 828 Albanese, Catherine L., 2:867, 3:107 Adam–God theory, 2:361, 585, 800, 860, Albrecht, Stan, 3:318, 441, 509 3:32–33, 37, 122, 224. See also funda- alcohol, abuse of, 1:320–21, 324–25, 393, mentalists 2:36, 120, 130, 147, 198, 399, 438n33, Adamson, Jack H., 1:481–82, 691, 478, 625, 691; 3:209, 584, 642; David 710, 832, 3:226; disillusionment of, Kennedy and, 1:729; dramatized in 1:301–02, 341–42; helps on Brigham theater, 1:539–40; Hearts Made Glad, Young books, 1:482n67, 568, 600, 1:252–53; Joseph Smith and, 1:757; 605–06, 756–57, 872; on the Bible, Prohibition, 2:276, 434–35, 437, 605; 1:389; unauthorized use of paper, 1:735, Word of Wisdom adherence, 1:757, 2:88–89, 470, 617 2:88, 95, 290, 310, 317, 320, 434n24, adoption, 1:354, 2:112, 139, 559, 654, 438, 517, 552, 637, 873; 3:193n42, 723n51, 756, 3:326–27; law of, 1:465; 412n35 services, 1:347n32, 354; wayward birth Alder, Douglas D.,