OUTPUT June 2006 Computer Science and Electronic Engineering Research News for Students and Staff Digital Music Accessing Sound Archives
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OUTPUT June 2006 Computer Science and Electronic Engineering Research News for Students and Staff Digital Music Accessing Sound Archives MarMartyntyn WWare:are: FrFromom Pop star to Prof star Martyn Ware: from pop star to Prof star Martyn Ware, former member of the eighties bands Human League and Heaven 17 is joining the Centre for Digital Music (C4DM) in the Department of Electronic Engineering as a visiting professorial fellow. Martyn was born in Sheffield. After leaving school, he worked in computers for three years. In 1978, he signed as a founding member of seminal electronic group The Human League. Subsequently, he signed to Virgin Records the same year, and The Human League became world famous. Martyn formed the production company/label British Electric Foundation in 1980, also producing the multimillion selling act Heaven 17. During Martyn’s 25 year career, he has produced and featured as a performer on records that have had total sales of over 50 million, working with stars including Tina Turner, Terence Trent D’Arby, Chaka Khan, Erasure, Marc Almond and Mavis Staples. Martyn has also written, performed and produced two Human League and nine Heaven 17 albums (with a new album just released) and continues to tour with their live show. In 2001, Martyn set up the Illustrious Co. Ltd with Vince Clarke to exploit the creative and commercial possibilities of their unique ‘Heightened Reality’ 3D sound technology and bespoke musical composition in collaboration with fine artists, the performing arts and corporate clients around the world. As a 3D sound installations specialist, he will provide an invaluable insight into how the Queen Mary Centre’s research developments are viewed by the professional music and sound industries. Martyn will be joining Visiting Professor Simon Davidmann (responsible for commercialisation advice) and Visiting Professorial Fellow Peter Langley (responsible for Intellectual Property advice) in C4DM. Enabling access This is the motivation for the two-and-a-half needs identified previously by the digital year European project, “Enabling Access library community. The tools will also be to sound archives to Sound Archives through Integration, usable by anyone interested in accessing Many digital sound archives suffer from Enrichment and Retrieval” (EASAIER). archived material, both amateur and tremendous access problems. Materials The EASAIER project started on 1 May professional. It will provide a uniquely are often in different formats, with related 2006, and has a total budget of €2.1 enriched, friendly and interactive experience elements in separate collections. Information million, with over €0.5 million awarded accessing materials, allowing people to about the sound files (metadata) is often to the Centre for Digital Music in the experiment with the materials in exciting non-standard, specialist, incomplete or Department of Electronic Engineering. new ways. It will implement recent advances even wrong. This prevents users using in machine learning, music and speech the archived material to the full. Powerful Being able to search by processing, and information retrieval to multimedia mining techniques are needed, increase the effectiveness of sound archive in combination with tools to extract content speech or by musical access. from files, meaningful ways to describe the feature is rare. data, and tools for visualising it. Existing tools The EASAIER Consortium consists of also do not generally take into account the companies and academic institutions from specific kind of media content being The EASAIER system will be designed with Austria, France Hungary, Ireland, Israel and searched: being able to search by speech or libraries, museums, broadcast archives Scotland with strengths in both speech and by musical feature is rare. Existing retrieval and music schools in mind. Rather than music processing and retrieval. For further techniques are restricted and inflexible. ‘guessing’ at demands for new technology, information contact project coordinator Josh this project is focused on addressing the Reiss ([email protected]). Another issue is that of providing appropriate presentation of and interaction with material for those using the archive. Musicians and music students, for example, need to be able to manipulate or modify archive material when played back. Archives of recorded broadcasts need to emphasise appropriate ways to organise the material. Interactive speech recognition features are also critical. Finally, the ability to create tailored collections with customised material is very important. This will require appropriate metadata that can be automatically created without laborious human intervention. 2 First step to a music technology career The Department of Electronic Engineering has launched two new undergraduate degrees in the area of digital music: a BEng Audio Systems Engineering and MEng Digital Audio and Music System Engineering. The programmes are aimed at students who have a passion for music and audio, who wish to understand how technology is applied to them and who The music of the primes want a future career in this field, perhaps designing the next generation of equipment What is mathematics really about? Most people think it is mainly to do with numbers and and tools. that mathematicians are just people who can divide very large numbers in their heads. Most mathematicians would argue that maths is actually about patterns. Numbers are Students will be advised on their final just a way of describing things that can make the patterns more obvious. year project by a researcher from the Department of Electronic Engineering’s What comes next in each of the following four sequences? world leading Centre for Digital Music 2 4 6 8 …. (C4DM). Some projects may also be collaborations with musicians and creative b d f h … artists or one of our industrial partners, 1 3 6 10 15… such as Philips Research, Sun Microsystems or Yahoo. Our state-of-the a c f j o… -art 3D listening and performing space (commissioned in the summer of 2006) Numbers provide a way of spotting the patterns, and equations are just a way of may be used. expressing them. The above letter sequences are the same as the number sequences – mathematically they are equivalent but for most people it is easier to spot that ‘10’ comes The rapid advancements in the technology next in the first sequence than ‘j’ in the second for example. Both can be represented by and commerce of digital music and audio an equation expressing moving on two places, or adding two. means that employment options are broad. They will also be enhanced by the degree’s pending IEE Accreditation. Graduates could We should therefore make sure students learning maths are find jobs in conventional electronics and shown some of the greater works of mathematics to aspire to telecommunications companies or in the creative media industry. If maths was just about learning by rote the rules we spend much of school maths lessons learning, then it wouldn’t have inspired so many great mathematicians over the decades. That is a bit like learning to play the piano without ever doing more than scales and arpeggios or realizing there was more to aspire to than that. Musicians are inspired to spend long hours practicing the basics because they can listen to and imagine being able one day to play greater works. Similarly there is more to maths than the basics. We should therefore make sure students learning maths are shown some of the greater works of mathematics to aspire to, even if all the details are still beyond their skills. That was the argument of Marcus du Sautoy, Professor of Mathematics at the University of Oxford who gave the Inaugural Drapers’ Annual Lecture on Learning and Teaching in March. He is particularly passionate about the prime numbers, numbers that for centuries were thought to contain no patterns at all! His lecture ranged over topics to do with the primes, from why David Beckham chose a prime number for his Real Madrid shirt, to how Gauss managed to see patterns by lateral thinking – asking a different question to everyone else – and from how prime numbers are used in nature by insects, to the reason why every time you buy anything over the Internet you are using the primes… and that last one is of course one reason why the primes are very important to computer scientists too. They provide the basis for encrypting messages sent over the Internet so that others cannot read them. In e-commerce, the messages represent money. The primes provide a way to do it without first having to pass a key to unlock the message being sent. Without this, e-commerce would be impractical. Why? Because it would be virtually impossible to exchange the keys in advance without snoopers having a way to intercept them and so steal the money. This is especially so in e-commerce where you are sending messages about purchases to people you have never met, who are possibly on a different continent. So next time you download an iTune, remember you are only listening thanks to the music of the primes. 3 Groundbreaking Digital sociology, and applies them to the analysis Martin Welton, Lecturer in the Department of interaction in varying contexts from virtual of English and Drama said: “Performance Performance degree chat rooms to video conferences. Students and interaction design share concerns for A new cross-disciplinary MSc that promotes will also be able to take advantage of the means by which technology – from its engagement between technology, social London’s unrivalled position as the leading simplest to its most hi-tech applications – science and the arts has been launched by international centre for live performance to transforms and affects the quality of human the School of English and Drama and the experience, critique and create a range of interactions, our physical and cultural Department of Computer Science.