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Factorii Biochimici Si Imunologici Ai Supraantrenamentului

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Factorii Biochimici Si Imunologici Ai Supraantrenamentului THE ANNALS OF “DUNAREA DE JOS” UNIVERSITY OF GALATI FASCICLE XV ISSN – 1454 – 9832 - 2011 position, forward and laterally (support force – for 30 seconds (repetition speed), two ground- force- resistance); one-leg squats (lower limb related artistic exercises (specific resistance) . muscle resistance); balancing the feet forward Table no. 1. Comparative analysis of the motor training indicators (force, speed and resistance) on initial and final tests of the witness and experimental group No Recorded Initial test t P Final test t P parameters Witness Experimen Witness Experimen group (n=7) tal group group tal group (n=8) (n=7) (n=8) 1 Standing start high 18,00±0,37 18,06±0,38 0,11 >0,05 18,10±0,35 19,13±0,31 2,19 <0,05 jumps (cm, force- speed) 2 Maintaini right 20,08±0,43 19,91±0,42 0,28 >0,05 20,60±0,40 21,80±0,38 2,18 <0,05 ng the leg left 21,52±0,46 21,46±0,45 0,09 >0,05 22,07±0,43 23,35±0,40 2,17 <0,05 forward 3 Maintaini right 20,08±0,42 20,13±0,43 0,08 >0,05 20,18±0,41 21,39±0,38 2,16 <0,05 ng the leg left 20,97±0,45 21,07±0,45 0,15 >0,05 21,06±0,44 22,34±0,40 2,17 <0,05 laterally 4 Pne-leg right 30,62±0,65 30,73±0,66 0,12 >0,05 31,43±0,63 33,36±0,61 2,19 <0,05 squats left 30,05±0,65 29,85±0,64 0,22 >0,05 30,86±0,63 32,74±0,59 2,18 <0,05 5 Balancing right 29,75±0,64 29,67±0,63 0,09 >0,05 29,89±0,62 31,73±0,58 2,16 <0,05 the feet left 29,45±0,62 29,41±0,63 0,04 >0,05 29,60±0,61 31,41±0,57 2,18 <0,05 (no. of repetition s in 30‟‟) 6 Performing the 199,75±3,85 200,14±3,88 0,07 >0,05 199±3,48 188,57±3,30 2,16 <0,05 floor exercise (S) Specific resistance The application of the artistic training the experimental group gymnasts - 19.13 is model within the pedagogical experiment has higher than the final average of the results led to the improvement of the gymnasts motor achieved by the witness group gymnasts - 18.10. and artistic training level; all artistic means The statistical and mathematical calculation of employed in this research have been contributed the final average of the results achieved by the systematically to the motor qualities experimental group gymnasts and those of the development. witness group gymnasts regarding this Standing start high jumps (3, 5). In this particular test showed a significant difference (t test the final average of the results achieved by = 2.19, P <0.05) (Fig. 1). 19.13 19.2 19 18.8 18.6 18.4 18.1 cm. 18.2 18 17.8 17.6 17.4 Experiment Witness Fig. 1 Expansion achieved by gymnasts on final testing Expansion provides expressiveness and and improved the jumps technique on the virtuosity to the jumping dance steps and proper high (opening, legs position, their artistic jumps (FRG requirements) within the posture) accomplishing the precise form of the gymnasts‘ free-chosen exercises. Thus, the body movement and floating, i.e. maintaining a better expansion ( explosive force), the better 203 THE ANNALS OF “DUNAREA DE JOS” UNIVERSITY OF GALATI FASCICLE XV ISSN – 1454 – 9832 - 2011 body position specific to every jump as long as expressiveness of movements, moreover it possible. develops mainly due to work at the bar walls Maintaining the leg forward (1, 2, 6). and Porte. Maintaining the leg forward or laterally is The final average accomplished by the subject to prior lower limb muscle strength but gymnasts of the experimental group (21.80) also its mobility at coxofemoral joint level. In when testing "maintaining the right foot this case we speak of passive mobility, that forward" is higher than the final average of the determines the proper performance and witness group gymnasts (20.60). Calculating the maintaining of the artistic pictures that involve difference between the final results obtained by maintaining the leg, pirouettes with the leg held the experimental group gymnasts and the in various positions (Arabesque, a la Second, witness group gymnasts concerning this test attitude), but also of artistic jumps in rope shows as in the previous case that it is openness. This passive mobility therefore significantly higher statistically speaking. (t = influences the correct technique and 2.18, P <0.05) (Fig. 2) 21.8 21.8 21.6 21.4 21.2 . 21 sec 20.8 20.6 20.6 20.4 20.2 20 Experiment Witness Fig. 2. Duration of maintaining the leg forward over the horizontal position on the final testing Regarding the ―maintaining the left leg obtained by the experimental group gymnasts forward‖ test, the final average results of the and average final results obtained by the experimental group gymnasts - 23.35 - is higher witness group gymnasts on "keeping the left than the average final results of the witness foot forward" test, proved to be significant (t = group gymnasts - 22.07. The analysis of the 2.17, P<0.05) (Fig. 3). difference between the average final results 23.35 23.4 23.2 23 22.8 22.6 22.4 sec. 22.07 22.2 22 21.8 21.6 21.4 Experiment Witness Fig. 3. Duration of maintaining the left leg forward over the horizontal position on the final testing One-leg squats (1, 2). Regarding this both showing improvements that are above the test, that was carried out with right leg, the final significance threshold (P <0.001, P <0.05). average of the gymnasts from the experimental Moreover, for the final testing of witness and group (33.36) is higher than the final average of experimental groups, the ―t‖ variable with a those from the gymnasts witness group (31.43). value of 2.19 shows that improvements have The ―t‖ variable between the initial and the final been achieved over the significance threshold testing shows significant increases in values, (P<0,05). 204 THE ANNALS OF “DUNAREA DE JOS” UNIVERSITY OF GALATI FASCICLE XV ISSN – 1454 – 9832 - 2011 The development level of the lower limb exercises. This aspect is particularly important, muscle strength influences the proper execution especially in the beam performance (on the and the artistic jump amplitude, steps variations floor, the rhythm is required by the music as well as the movements and beam and floor particularities), and it significantly influences artistic combinations which are performed by the performance assessment (it is to be found in sites and grand plies and grand plies. In a the penalties for artistic and composition from corresponding muscle forces, all these FRG scoring code). The repetition rate develops movements are performed easily and gracefully. in the artistic training due to the pace changes Balancing the feet for 30 seconds (4, p. and tempo of music. 84). Concerning the ‖left leg balance‖ testing, Performance of two floor-connected the arithmetic average shows nearly equal artistic exercises (7, p. 278). The two groups values of the two groups at initial testing and show similar medium values at initial testing. higher values of the experimental group (31.41) Regarding the final testing, the final average as compared to those of the witness group results of the experimental group (188.57) are (29.60) in the final testing. The analysis of the lower than the average of the witness group difference between the final results obtained by (199). Concerning the statistical calculation of the experimental group and the final results the difference between the final average obtained by the witness group proved to be achieved by the experimental group and the significant (t = 2.18, p<0.05). final average of the witness group, the "t" The repetition rate degree of variable (2.16) shows significant increases in development influences the pace, tempo and value, thus ranking above the threshold of dynamic execution of the artistic movements, significance (P<0, 05) (Fig. 4). which are frequent in the beam and floor 182 184 186 188.57 188 190 . Martor 192 sec 194 Experiment 196 199 198 199.75200.14 200 202 Initial testing Final testing Fig. 4. Performance duration of the two floor-connected exercises at initial and final testing The performance of the floor-connected 2. Dungaciu P. Aspecte ale antrenamentului modern în artistic exercises, with the stream of artistic gimnastică. Bucureşti: Sport – Turism, 1982, p. 5–80. 3. Georgescu M. Conţinutul şi metodica antrenamentului diagonal jumps (instead of the acrobatic lines) sportiv. Bucureşti: Consiliul Naţional pentru Educaţie is a good method of specific strength Fizică şi Sport, 1971, p. 50-52, 231–240. development, required to perform in proper 4. Niculescu I. I. Evaluarea motrică şi somato – funcţională. conditions, with posture and expressiveness the Craiova : Universitaria, 2006, p.84 5. Tudusciuc I. Gimnastica acrobatică. Bucureşti: Sport- entire floor exercise in harmony with the music. Turism, 1977, p. 7–31. The application of the art education 6. Ukran M. L. şi colab. Gimnastica sportivă. Moscova: Ed. model within the pedagogical experiment has Uniunii de cultură fizică şi sport, 1965, p. 111–176; 184- led to the improvement of gymnasts‘ motor 522. 7. Vieru N. Manual de gimnastică sportivă. Bucureşti: skills training.
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