May 5, 2006 Technical Revisions to the 2005 Barrier Option Supplement
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P Id E W O R K in G P a P E
PA K I S TA N I N S T I T U T E O F D E V E L O P M E N T E C O N O M I C S S R E P A P G 1 On Using Exchange Rate for 5 N Promoting Exports 1 I . o K N R O W Atiq-ur-Rehman E D I P August 2017 PIDE Working Papers No. 151 On Using Exchange Rate for Promoting Exports Atiq-ur-Rehman Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, Islamabad PAKISTAN INSTITUTE OF DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS ISLAMABAD 2017 Editorial Committee Dr Abdul Qayyum Head Dr Durr-e-Nayab Member Dr Anwar Hussain Secretary All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means—electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise—without prior permission of the Publications Division, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, P. O. Box 1091, Islamabad 44000. Pakistan Institute of Development Economics Islamabad, Pakistan E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.pide.org.pk Fax: +92-51-9248065 Designed, composed, and finished at the Publications Division, PIDE. CONTENTS Page Abstract v 1. Introduction 1 2. Trade Impacts of Depreciation 2 3. Debt Impacts of Depreciation 5 4. Exchange Rate, Budget Deficit and Current Account Deficit 6 5. Impact of Depreciation on Income Inequality 7 6. Summary and Conclusion 7 References 7 List of Figures Figure 1. Scatter Diagram of Growth in Exports versus Depreciation of Pakistani Rupee 4 Figure 2. Scatter Diagram of Growth in Exports versus Lagged Depreciation of Pakistani Rupee 5 ABSTRACT In recent years, Pakistani exports suffered large setback and especially textile exports decreased significantly. -
Devaluation of Currency
Devaluation of Currency Subject: Global Economic Issues Presented to: Mr. Kamran Abdullah Presented By: Abdul Hameed Baloch BM-25011 Institute of Business & Technology, Karachi Institute Of Business & Technology (BIZTEK) Page 1 DEVALUATION OF CURRENCY TABLE OF CONTENTS S. No.Description ACKNOWLEDGEMENT PREFACE CURRENCY Institute Of Business & Technology (BIZTEK) Page 2 1.1 What Is Currency 1.2 Pakistani Currency 1.3 Role Of SBP DEVALUATION 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Devaluation In Modern Economies 2.3 Types Of Exchange Rate Systems 2.4 Country Devaluation 2.5 Effects Of Devaluation EXCHANGE RATE 3.1 SBP’s Policy About Currency 3.2 Exchange Rates FACTORS CAUSING DEVALUATION OF PKR 4.1 Balance Of Payment 4.2 Pakistan’s Balance Of Payment 4.3 Measures For Correcting Adverse BoP 4.4 Suggestions To Improve BoP 4.5 Depleting Foreign Reserves 4.6 Decreased Credit Rating 4.7 Law And Order Situation 4.8 Situation In Northern Pakistan 4.9 Proposed Remedy 4.10 Domestic Issues GLOBAL ISSUES 5.1 OVERVIEW 5.2 SUBPRIME 5.3 US, WAR ON TERROR, FOOD CRISIS AND MORE 5.4 DOLLAR AND CHINA CONCLUSION REFRENCES PREFACE The purpose of this study is to analyze the sharp drop in the value of PKR. The international crisis following the events of September 11, 2001 and the ensuing US attack on Afghanistan caught Pakistan in the crossfire, came with serious Institute Of Business & Technology (BIZTEK) Page 3 economic and political consequences for the country. With increasing number of refugees crossing the border, adverse Balance of Payments and deteriorating law and order situation, Pakistan is loosing the battle to maintain the strength of its currency which is devaluating at a helpless rate. -
SBI FOREX CARD RATES Date 30-09-2021 Time 10:00 AM
SBI FOREX CARD RATES Date 30-09-2021 Time 10:00 AM CARD RATES FOR TRANSACTIONS BELOW Rs. 10 LACS CURRENCY TT BUY TT SELL BILL BUY BILL SELL TC BUY TC SELL CN BUY CN SELL PC BUY UNITED STATES DOLLAR USD/INR 73.50 75.00 73.44 75.15 72.80 75.40 72.50 75.50 73.39 EURO EUR/INR 84.71 87.60 84.64 87.78 83.90 88.05 83.50 88.25 84.58 GREAT BRITAIN POUND GBP/INR 98.34 101.48 98.26 101.68 97.40 102.00 96.90 102.25 98.19 JAPANESE YEN JPY/INR 65.23 67.48 65.18 67.61 64.60 67.80 62.10 70.00 65.13 SWISS FRANC CHF/INR 78.11 80.99 78.04 81.16 77.35 81.40 74.35 84.05 77.99 AUSTRALIAN DOLLAR AUD/INR 52.44 54.64 52.40 54.75 52.40 54.90 50.40 56.70 52.36 NEW ZEALAND DOLLAR NZD/INR 50.20 52.39 50.16 52.49 0.00 0.00 47.80 54.35 50.12 CANADIAN DOLLAR CAD/INR 57.35 59.27 57.31 59.38 56.80 59.55 54.60 61.50 57.26 SINGAPORE DOLLAR SGD/INR 53.71 55.41 53.66 55.52 0.00 0.00 51.15 57.50 53.63 HONG KONG DOLLAR HKD/INR 9.38 9.69 9.37 9.71 0.00 0.00 8.90 10.05 9.35 DANISH KRONER DKK/INR 11.40 11.77 11.38 11.80 0.00 0.00 10.80 12.25 11.38 NORWEGIAN KRONER NOK/INR 8.34 8.62 8.33 8.63 0.00 0.00 7.95 8.95 8.31 SWEDISH KRONA SEK/INR 8.30 8.57 8.29 8.59 0.00 0.00 7.90 8.90 8.27 BAHRAINI DINAR BHD/INR 191.13 203.01 190.97 203.42 0.00 0.00 185.65 206.50 190.84 KUWAITI DINAR KWD/INR 238.76 254.17 238.57 254.68 0.00 0.00 231.90 258.55 238.40 UAE DIRHAM AED/INR 19.62 20.84 19.60 20.88 0.00 0.00 19.05 21.20 19.59 SAUDI ARABIAN RIYAL SAR/INR 19.21 20.40 19.19 20.44 0.00 0.00 18.65 20.75 19.18 SOUTH AFRICAN RAND ZAR/INR 4.76 5.06 4.75 5.07 0.00 0.00 4.55 5.15 4.74 CHINESE YUAN CNY/INR -
Currency Codes COP Colombian Peso KWD Kuwaiti Dinar RON Romanian Leu
Global Wire is an available payment method for the currencies listed below. This list is subject to change at any time. Currency Codes COP Colombian Peso KWD Kuwaiti Dinar RON Romanian Leu ALL Albanian Lek KMF Comoros Franc KGS Kyrgyzstan Som RUB Russian Ruble DZD Algerian Dinar CDF Congolese Franc LAK Laos Kip RWF Rwandan Franc AMD Armenian Dram CRC Costa Rican Colon LSL Lesotho Malati WST Samoan Tala AOA Angola Kwanza HRK Croatian Kuna LBP Lebanese Pound STD Sao Tomean Dobra AUD Australian Dollar CZK Czech Koruna LT L Lithuanian Litas SAR Saudi Riyal AWG Arubian Florin DKK Danish Krone MKD Macedonia Denar RSD Serbian Dinar AZN Azerbaijan Manat DJF Djibouti Franc MOP Macau Pataca SCR Seychelles Rupee BSD Bahamian Dollar DOP Dominican Peso MGA Madagascar Ariary SLL Sierra Leonean Leone BHD Bahraini Dinar XCD Eastern Caribbean Dollar MWK Malawi Kwacha SGD Singapore Dollar BDT Bangladesh Taka EGP Egyptian Pound MVR Maldives Rufi yaa SBD Solomon Islands Dollar BBD Barbados Dollar EUR EMU Euro MRO Mauritanian Olguiya ZAR South African Rand BYR Belarus Ruble ERN Eritrea Nakfa MUR Mauritius Rupee SRD Suriname Dollar BZD Belize Dollar ETB Ethiopia Birr MXN Mexican Peso SEK Swedish Krona BMD Bermudian Dollar FJD Fiji Dollar MDL Maldavian Lieu SZL Swaziland Lilangeni BTN Bhutan Ngultram GMD Gambian Dalasi MNT Mongolian Tugrik CHF Swiss Franc BOB Bolivian Boliviano GEL Georgian Lari MAD Moroccan Dirham LKR Sri Lankan Rupee BAM Bosnia & Herzagovina GHS Ghanian Cedi MZN Mozambique Metical TWD Taiwan New Dollar BWP Botswana Pula GTQ Guatemalan Quetzal -
Crown Agents Bank's Currency Capabilities
Crown Agents Bank’s Currency Capabilities August 2020 Country Currency Code Foreign Exchange RTGS ACH Mobile Payments E/M/F Majors Australia Australian Dollar AUD ✓ ✓ - - M Canada Canadian Dollar CAD ✓ ✓ - - M Denmark Danish Krone DKK ✓ ✓ - - M Europe European Euro EUR ✓ ✓ - - M Japan Japanese Yen JPY ✓ ✓ - - M New Zealand New Zealand Dollar NZD ✓ ✓ - - M Norway Norwegian Krone NOK ✓ ✓ - - M Singapore Singapore Dollar SGD ✓ ✓ - - E Sweden Swedish Krona SEK ✓ ✓ - - M Switzerland Swiss Franc CHF ✓ ✓ - - M United Kingdom British Pound GBP ✓ ✓ - - M United States United States Dollar USD ✓ ✓ - - M Africa Angola Angolan Kwanza AOA ✓* - - - F Benin West African Franc XOF ✓ ✓ ✓ - F Botswana Botswana Pula BWP ✓ ✓ ✓ - F Burkina Faso West African Franc XOF ✓ ✓ ✓ - F Cameroon Central African Franc XAF ✓ ✓ ✓ - F C.A.R. Central African Franc XAF ✓ ✓ ✓ - F Chad Central African Franc XAF ✓ ✓ ✓ - F Cote D’Ivoire West African Franc XOF ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ F DR Congo Congolese Franc CDF ✓ - - ✓ F Congo (Republic) Central African Franc XAF ✓ ✓ ✓ - F Egypt Egyptian Pound EGP ✓ ✓ - - F Equatorial Guinea Central African Franc XAF ✓ ✓ ✓ - F Eswatini Swazi Lilangeni SZL ✓ ✓ - - F Ethiopia Ethiopian Birr ETB ✓ ✓ N/A - F 1 Country Currency Code Foreign Exchange RTGS ACH Mobile Payments E/M/F Africa Gabon Central African Franc XAF ✓ ✓ ✓ - F Gambia Gambian Dalasi GMD ✓ - - - F Ghana Ghanaian Cedi GHS ✓ ✓ - ✓ F Guinea Guinean Franc GNF ✓ - ✓ - F Guinea-Bissau West African Franc XOF ✓ ✓ - - F Kenya Kenyan Shilling KES ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ F Lesotho Lesotho Loti LSL ✓ ✓ - - E Liberia Liberian -
Analysis of Exchange Rate Fluctuations: a Study of PKR VS USD Samea Khurram Bhutt ∗, Mushtaq Ur Rehman ∗∗ & Shafiq Ur Rehman ∗∗∗
Analysis of Exchange Rate Fluctuations: A Study of PKR VS USD Samea Khurram Bhutt ∗, Mushtaq ur Rehman ∗∗ & Shafiq ur Rehman ∗∗∗ Abstract The current research is aimed to study the dynamic association between macro economic variables and exchange rate in Pakistan. For this purpose the study analyzes quarterly time series of the relevant variables from 1998 quarter 1 to 2012 quarter 4. The study tests the proposed hypotheses using econometric models that are widely accepted and practiced in academic research in the areas of economics and finance. In the first place the study investigates as to whether all- time series variables (exchange rate and the set of seven (7) macro- economic variables) are stationary or not. Then the study investigates in multivariate form, the co-integration properties of the variables under investigation. Further the study applies Granger-cause macro- economic variables or vice versa in the multivariate form. Along this line, the study also applies the Granger-causality test in the bi-variate form to investigate the lead-lag relationship and hence establish the direction of influence i.e. uni-directional. The study results suggest that there is a long-run association between exchange rate and inflation at 10% significance level. The Granger-causality test suggests that the direction of influence is more from inflation to exchange rate than from exchange rate to inflation (though both are statistically insignificant). The results from the Granger-causality test suggest that money supply leads exchange rate i.e. money supply Granger-cause exchange rate (a uni-directional causality). The study reports finding that indicate a bi- directional causality between exchange rate and total reserve less gold. -
View Currency List
Currency List business.westernunion.com.au CURRENCY TT OUTGOING DRAFT OUTGOING FOREIGN CHEQUE INCOMING TT INCOMING CURRENCY TT OUTGOING DRAFT OUTGOING FOREIGN CHEQUE INCOMING TT INCOMING CURRENCY TT OUTGOING DRAFT OUTGOING FOREIGN CHEQUE INCOMING TT INCOMING Africa Asia continued Middle East Algerian Dinar – DZD Laos Kip – LAK Bahrain Dinar – BHD Angola Kwanza – AOA Macau Pataca – MOP Israeli Shekel – ILS Botswana Pula – BWP Malaysian Ringgit – MYR Jordanian Dinar – JOD Burundi Franc – BIF Maldives Rufiyaa – MVR Kuwaiti Dinar – KWD Cape Verde Escudo – CVE Nepal Rupee – NPR Lebanese Pound – LBP Central African States – XOF Pakistan Rupee – PKR Omani Rial – OMR Central African States – XAF Philippine Peso – PHP Qatari Rial – QAR Comoros Franc – KMF Singapore Dollar – SGD Saudi Arabian Riyal – SAR Djibouti Franc – DJF Sri Lanka Rupee – LKR Turkish Lira – TRY Egyptian Pound – EGP Taiwanese Dollar – TWD UAE Dirham – AED Eritrea Nakfa – ERN Thai Baht – THB Yemeni Rial – YER Ethiopia Birr – ETB Uzbekistan Sum – UZS North America Gambian Dalasi – GMD Vietnamese Dong – VND Canadian Dollar – CAD Ghanian Cedi – GHS Oceania Mexican Peso – MXN Guinea Republic Franc – GNF Australian Dollar – AUD United States Dollar – USD Kenyan Shilling – KES Fiji Dollar – FJD South and Central America, The Caribbean Lesotho Malati – LSL New Zealand Dollar – NZD Argentine Peso – ARS Madagascar Ariary – MGA Papua New Guinea Kina – PGK Bahamian Dollar – BSD Malawi Kwacha – MWK Samoan Tala – WST Barbados Dollar – BBD Mauritanian Ouguiya – MRO Solomon Islands Dollar – -
Turkey Practical Information
1349 Portage Avenue Winnipeg, Manitoba Canada R3G 0V7 1-800-661-3830 www.greatcanadiantravel.com Turkey Practical Information Turkey, officially the Republic of Turkey, is a transcontinental country in Eurasia. The country is surrounded by seas on three sides. Ankara is the capital while Istanbul is the country’s largest city and main cultural and commercial centre. Documentation Canadian passports are required for visitors to travel to Turkey and must be valid for 60 days beyond the duration of your stay indicated on your visa. A visa is required for all travel to Turkey. Airports Istanbul Atatürk Airport Istanbul Atatürk Airport is the main international airport serving Istanbul and surrounding areas. It is located 24km west of Istanbul’s center and serves as the main hub for Turkish Airlines. There are many other airports located through Turkey. 1349 Portage Avenue Winnipeg, Manitoba Canada R3G 0V7 1-800-661-3830 Location and Geography www.greatcanadiantravel.com Turkey is a country located in both Europe and Asia. The Black Sea is to the north and the Mediterranean Sea is to the west and southwest. Georgia and Armenia are northeast, Azerbaijan and Iran are east, Iraq and Syria are southeast, and Greece and Bulgaria are northwest. Turkey is among the larger countries of the region with a land area greater than any European country. It is a mountainous country with flat land covering only one-sixth of the surface. Mountain crests exceed 2300 metres in many places and Turkey’s highest mountain, Mount Ararat reaches 5165 metres high. Other notable mountains include Uludoruk Peak-4744 metres high, Demirkazik Peak-3755 metres high and Mount Aydos-3479 metres high. -
Historical Precedents for Internationalization of The
Maurice R. Greenberg Center for Geoeconomic Studies and International Institutions and Global Governance Program Historical Precedents for Internationalization of the RMB Jeffrey Frankel November 2011 This publication has been made possible by the generous support of the Robina Foundation. The Council on Foreign Relations (CFR) is an independent, nonpartisan membership organization, think tank, and publisher dedicated to being a resource for its members, government officials, busi- ness executives, journalists, educators and students, civic and religious leaders, and other interested citizens in order to help them better understand the world and the foreign policy choices facing the United States and other countries. Founded in 1921, CFR carries out its mission by maintaining a diverse membership, with special programs to promote interest and develop expertise in the next generation of foreign policy leaders; convening meetings at its headquarters in New York and in Washington, DC, and other cities where senior government officials, members of Congress, global leaders, and prominent thinkers come together with CFR members to discuss and debate major in- ternational issues; supporting a Studies Program that fosters independent research, enabling CFR scholars to produce articles, reports, and books and hold roundtables that analyze foreign policy is- sues and make concrete policy recommendations; publishing Foreign Affairs, the preeminent journal on international affairs and U.S. foreign policy; sponsoring Independent Task Forces that produce reports with both findings and policy prescriptions on the most important foreign policy topics; and providing up-to-date information and analysis about world events and American foreign policy on its website, CFR.org. The Council on Foreign Relations takes no institutional positions on policy issues and has no affilia- tion with the U.S. -
Capital Markets and New Turkish Lira Conversion
CAPITAL MARKETS BOARD OF TURKEY CAPITAL MARKETS AND NEW TURKISH LIRA CONVERSION OCTOBER 2004 CAPITAL MARKETS BOARD OF TURKEY NEW TURKISH LIRA TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................................ 1 2. THE WORKING METHODOLOGY FOR THE NEW TURKISH LIRA CONVERSION ........ 1 3. THE LEGAL ISSUES.......................................................................................................................... 2 4. THE ISTANBUL STOCK EXCHANGE........................................................................................... 3 4.1. THE EQUITIES MARKET........................................................................................................................ 3 4.2. THE BONDS AND BILLS MARKET ......................................................................................................... 6 4.3. THE CURRENCY FUTURES MARKET ..................................................................................................... 7 4.4. THE IT INFRASTRUCTURE..................................................................................................................... 8 5. ISE SETTLEMENT AND CUSTODY BANK INC.(TAKASBANK) ............................................ 8 6. ISTANBUL GOLD EXCHANGE..................................................................................................... 10 7. REQUIREMENTS FROM THE MARKET PARTICIPANTS..................................................... 10 7.1. THE MUTUAL -
Exchange Rate Statistics
Exchange rate statistics Updated issue Statistical Series Deutsche Bundesbank Exchange rate statistics 2 This Statistical Series is released once a month and pub- Deutsche Bundesbank lished on the basis of Section 18 of the Bundesbank Act Wilhelm-Epstein-Straße 14 (Gesetz über die Deutsche Bundesbank). 60431 Frankfurt am Main Germany To be informed when new issues of this Statistical Series are published, subscribe to the newsletter at: Postfach 10 06 02 www.bundesbank.de/statistik-newsletter_en 60006 Frankfurt am Main Germany Compared with the regular issue, which you may subscribe to as a newsletter, this issue contains data, which have Tel.: +49 (0)69 9566 3512 been updated in the meantime. Email: www.bundesbank.de/contact Up-to-date information and time series are also available Information pursuant to Section 5 of the German Tele- online at: media Act (Telemediengesetz) can be found at: www.bundesbank.de/content/821976 www.bundesbank.de/imprint www.bundesbank.de/timeseries Reproduction permitted only if source is stated. Further statistics compiled by the Deutsche Bundesbank can also be accessed at the Bundesbank web pages. ISSN 2699–9188 A publication schedule for selected statistics can be viewed Please consult the relevant table for the date of the last on the following page: update. www.bundesbank.de/statisticalcalender Deutsche Bundesbank Exchange rate statistics 3 Contents I. Euro area and exchange rate stability convergence criterion 1. Euro area countries and irrevoc able euro conversion rates in the third stage of Economic and Monetary Union .................................................................. 7 2. Central rates and intervention rates in Exchange Rate Mechanism II ............................... 7 II. -
Countries Codes and Currencies 2020.Xlsx
World Bank Country Code Country Name WHO Region Currency Name Currency Code Income Group (2018) AFG Afghanistan EMR Low Afghanistan Afghani AFN ALB Albania EUR Upper‐middle Albanian Lek ALL DZA Algeria AFR Upper‐middle Algerian Dinar DZD AND Andorra EUR High Euro EUR AGO Angola AFR Lower‐middle Angolan Kwanza AON ATG Antigua and Barbuda AMR High Eastern Caribbean Dollar XCD ARG Argentina AMR Upper‐middle Argentine Peso ARS ARM Armenia EUR Upper‐middle Dram AMD AUS Australia WPR High Australian Dollar AUD AUT Austria EUR High Euro EUR AZE Azerbaijan EUR Upper‐middle Manat AZN BHS Bahamas AMR High Bahamian Dollar BSD BHR Bahrain EMR High Baharaini Dinar BHD BGD Bangladesh SEAR Lower‐middle Taka BDT BRB Barbados AMR High Barbados Dollar BBD BLR Belarus EUR Upper‐middle Belarusian Ruble BYN BEL Belgium EUR High Euro EUR BLZ Belize AMR Upper‐middle Belize Dollar BZD BEN Benin AFR Low CFA Franc XOF BTN Bhutan SEAR Lower‐middle Ngultrum BTN BOL Bolivia Plurinational States of AMR Lower‐middle Boliviano BOB BIH Bosnia and Herzegovina EUR Upper‐middle Convertible Mark BAM BWA Botswana AFR Upper‐middle Botswana Pula BWP BRA Brazil AMR Upper‐middle Brazilian Real BRL BRN Brunei Darussalam WPR High Brunei Dollar BND BGR Bulgaria EUR Upper‐middle Bulgarian Lev BGL BFA Burkina Faso AFR Low CFA Franc XOF BDI Burundi AFR Low Burundi Franc BIF CPV Cabo Verde Republic of AFR Lower‐middle Cape Verde Escudo CVE KHM Cambodia WPR Lower‐middle Riel KHR CMR Cameroon AFR Lower‐middle CFA Franc XAF CAN Canada AMR High Canadian Dollar CAD CAF Central African Republic