DOCSLIB.ORG

Dfd79afeec92bb782b4474bb2e8

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Dfd79afeec92bb782b4474bb2e8 Korean J. Pl. Taxon. pISSN 1225-8318 eISSN 2466-1546 46(2): 199−212 (2016) Korean Journal of http://dx.doi.org/10.11110/kjpt.2016.46.2.199 Plant Taxonomy Taxonomic significance of the leaf micromorphology in the tribe Sorbarieae (Spiraeoideae: Rosaceae) Jun-Ho Song and Suk-Pyo Hong* Laboratory of Plant Systematics, Department of Biology, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Korea (Received 17 March 2016; Revised 28 April 2016; Accepted 2 June 2016) áƴ\μ&λྐྵ\)7+,˔ů7/,ʻᄡሞ ůͬጏലሽ̿,ጏԽʀ,̫ɢሽ̿,ɀƹͥ ɺȉΉԂΞǶƭ( ǻংnݯʎ ŚȺnݯ ʓÚݯȺ ABSTRACT: A comparative study of leaf epidermal microstructures in the tribe Sorbarieae (Adenostoma: 3 spp., Chamaebatiaria: 1 sp., Sorbaria: 11 spp., Spiraeanthus: 1 sp.) including related genera Gillenia (2 spp.) and Lyonothamnus (2 spp.) was carried out using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in order to evaluate their significance in taxonomy. The leaves of Adenostoma, Chamaebatiaria, and Spiraeanthus were amphistomatic, whereas Gillenia, Lyonothamnus, and Sorbaria were hypostomatic. The size range of the guard cells is 7.84−48.7 × 5.86−38.6 µm; the smallest one was found in Sorbaria tomentosa var. tomentosa (7.84−11.8 × 6.84−10.5 µm), while the largest measured example was Adenostoma fasciculatum var. obtusifolium (30.3−48.7 × 18.8−38.6 µm). Anomocytic stomata complex were the most frequent type (rarely cyclocytic), with usually both anomocytic and actinocytic types occurring in one leaf. On the surfaces, both the adaxial and abaxial anticlinal walls of the subsidiary cells vary (e.g., straight/curved, undulate, sinuate). Four types (unicellular non-glandular trichome, stellate, glandular trichome, pustular glandular trichome) of trichomes are found in the leaves. The epicuticular wax can be divided two types: membraneous platelets (Lyonothamnus) and platelets (Sorbaria arborea var. arborea, S. arborea var. subtomentosa, S. kirilowii, S. tomentosa var. tomentosa, Spiraeanthus schrenkianus). The trichome diversity (in particular, stellate, gland) and the existence of epicuticular wax may have taxonomic significance, although the leaf epidermal micromorphological characteristics do not provide synapomorphy in this tribe. These leaf micromorphological features are most likely better understood in the Sorbarieae when used in conjunction with external morphological characters. Keywords: leaf epidermal cell, stomata complex, stellate, glandular trichome, epicuticular wax ੘ࢼ: :ʳǮÒɗ(Adenostoma: 3 spp., Chamaebatiaria: 1 sp., Sorbaria: 11 spp., Spiraeanthus: 1 sp.)Ⱥ ξȾ ̢ ݒ ƖˮʪɖΞ nݲٲ ݾݲ ̛ 20̢˞ʮľ Ŵ؂ ʮŞ Gillenia̓ 2̢˞ʮ, Lyonothamnus̓ 2̢˞ʮĪ˞̢ ,ݯǧ Ć˧Ī ƾζݮȞŶ ˢɢǪŶࠚƖǻ(SEM)Ī Śݮκ ȾȮݮȞ ͮƒݮώR. Adenostoma̓˞ Chamaebatiaria̓, Spiraeanthus̓Ξ˒ ͮȳʓݿʲ(stomatal complex) ޻ΓȺ ǎΓ FƾΞ ͮȳŚ ɚƒ ݮ ͮ͟ȳϋ(amphistomatic type)ŚΖȞ, Gillenia̓, Lyonothamnus̓Ⱥ Sorbaria̓Ξ˒ ǎΓ(abaxial *Author for correspondence: [email protected] http://e-kjpt.org, © 2016 the Korean Society of Plant Taxonomists. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. !"" !"" !"#$%&'(&#)'*#+'(",$-.&'%&#) ľ ʂͮ 7.84−48.7 × 5.86−؂side)Ξ͒ ɚƒݮ Śͮȳϋ(hypostomatic type)ĢǢ Ǯ˖ȂR. ȳɞˮ 38.6 µmĢǢ ̓Ⱥ ɫ͎R R͂ ȦŚ̂ ʒŚÞ, Sorbaria tomentosa var. tomentosa (7.84−11.8 × 6.84− Ǣ Ǯ˖ȂȞ, Adenostoma fasciculatum var. obtusifolium (30.3−48.7 × 18.8−؂µm)ľ ľƋ ŷĦ ȳɞˮ 10.5 µm)Ξ˒ ľƋ ʂNJ Ǯ˖ȂR. ͮȳʓݿʲľ ࠫ˲ n̢̞ ̦̚oࠫ(anomocytic)Ś ˮݮ, ̦̚oࠫ 38.6 Ⱥ LJɢࠫ(actinocytic)Ś Fƾ Ǯ˖ǮƮǮ ɊÚNJ Rˢࠫ(cyclocytic)Ś Ǯ˖Ǯ ̢˞ʮŚ ࡫ŞƆΖR. ̞ˮ ; (ľ ώKɛ(anticlinal wall)Ħ Χ˖ࠫȺ ȟ˖ࠫŚ ŇªΞ ȾȮ(straight/curved) ƆƮǮ Ԣɷࠫ(undulate؂ -VF(unicel؂ʲȟࠫ(sinuate)Ś ȾȮƆΖR. ξʪƊ ̢˞ʮΞ˒ Ǯ˖Ǯ Fľ ɫ˞ ʂNJ 4ɫ˞Ǣ Vˮ -F(pustular glandular tri˖ ˧؂lular non-glandular trichome), ˧ɷF(stellate), ˖F(glandular trichome), ˣ Ξ˒ ͏˧ Ԧ(membraneous platelets), Ԧ؂ݒˮٲ chome)ľ ࡫ŞƆΖR. ξʪƊ ̢˞ʮ ľÞ Ţ̞ ̢˞ʮľ ݒ Ɩˮࠫ˲ݯǧ ࠫή Ȋ ʖ ɗľ ȳٲ ݒɷǿή(epicuticular wax)Ś ȾȮƆΖR. Ϣǣ Ŵٲ F͟(platelets)ľ ݒɷǿή ĆÒľ ̢˞ݯǧ Ć˧Īٲ ĆԢʓࠫήĪ ȼĪ ώ ΔΖΦ͒, Fľ R͟˧(ӏঞ, ˧ɷF, ˖F)Ⱥ ݮÞ ʒRފݒ Ȋ R͟ݲ Ɩˮࠫ˲ݯǧ ࠫήĦ ^̞ࠫ˲ݯǧ ࠫήȺ Â̦΂ ʖ ɗĪ Śٲ ࡫ŞݮώR. Ŵ .Ćݲ ǻʒ̂ Ȃȳݶ ǁŚR ݒɷǿήٲ ,ȳʓݿʲ, ˧ɷF, ˖Fͮ ,؂ݒˮٲ ୱࢼ߂: Ŵ О ׻ dž ˞ʚɪӆƞ Ԃgł̾ β Lyonothamnus A.Gray˿Ӿڛ Ԙ ᇦ዆ ᎟ݒ͚ *ዦ ͺɦΦ ˞ʚዣ֋ӆƞ ̦к ዦ ͷዪӎ ዾϞӆβ, ̐ӊ ዆Ԛgɪ dž͚ʎ ˞ʚዣ֋, ׺ႧƪˎǶ dž͚ʎ ֟Ꮯዦ ׻ dž ˞ʚዣ֋ Ҏ௢ʾ ৈ݊ ƾ༿ዣ֋ ҪгʣӾ źܧł͒(Wilkinson, 1979; Stace, ዢǚ ԒΦ Žӆƞ ƪ๊ƾǚ, Rydberg (1908), Hutchinson 1984; Zhou et al., 1994; Yang and Lin, 2005; Zoric et al., (1964), Schulze-Menz (1964), Takhtajan (1997)͚ Ӣዾ ΊǶӢ Anil Kumar and Murugan, 2013; Deng et al., 2014). ;̦ʾ ĐΦ ၃ݟӆƞ ï˿ņ Adenostomateae Rydb.׻ӆƞ ;2009 ǯӢ ᎟๦, Ԃgł͒ Adenostoma˿Ӿ Ϟɯƪ׻͚ ᅶዲł̾, ԯ̪ ,ڛ ၃ᔒ, Ԙ ᇦ዆͚ʎ Ǻ঺ዪ Ί ԒΦ ᎟ݒ ݊݊ ŒǶ dž ʺ ˞ʚɪȎǶΦ ɦȞłΦ ï˿ņ ׻Ԏӎ ڛ ΢î ũ гӢ ؏ʚϊ ˞ᅶ țӊ ̛ዦ ˞ʚɪ͚ʎ Оዦ ᎟ݒƞ ͺɦł͒ӆβ(Ma et al., 2004; Moon et al., ዢΊ. ̺ዦ, Hutchinson (1964), Kalkman (2004)͚ Ӣዾ Chamaebatiaria˿, Sorbaria˿, Spiraeanthus˿Ƕ ዲϒ ,̪ڎ ,Adebowale et al., 2014; Cho et al., 2014), Ԙ ;2009 ˶Ƕn ᇦζ͚ ƪ๊ƪΦ ᇦ዆ȳƻݒ(epicuticular waxes) ͷ Gillenieae Maxim.׻ӆƞ Ԃgņ Gillenia Moench˿ӊ ૦ .f ˞ʚዣ֋ӆƞ ú௢ ԒΦ ᎟ݒƞʎ ͺɦł͒ ȳ׻(Supertribe)Ԃ Pyrodae C.S. Campb., R.C. Evans, D.R (Barthlott et al., 1998; Wissemann, 2000; Ensikat et al., 2006; Morgan & T.A. Dickinson͚ Ҏ௢ዢΊ. Tomaszewski and Zielinski, 2014). ӾĮዦ ᎟ݒӊ ̛ዦ Ϟɯƪ׻(Sorbarieae) sensu Potter et al. (2007)͚ ˿ዢ ,͚ʎ ֋гł̾ ׻ dž ǯҪ႖ɏ᎟ݒ Φ 4˿Ӣ Ԙ, ˾·Ӣ Ђ˚᎟๦Φ লӾʾ ɎӾΦڊ׻ Ί ڛ ʚƾ̃˞ ๚ȻӾƪ ˿þ, ؏þ gȞ᎟ݒ ႖ˏӎ Ҏዾ fîł͒ Adenostoma˿Ӣ Ʒк, ȳƟʣԂ ·ӊ ʒ᎟ӆƞ ௲·Ƕ (Husain et al., 1990; Taia, 2004; De S-Haiad et al., 2009; ҪȞዦ ᎟๦ʾ ƪ๊džǚ(Jepson, 1993), Chamaebatiaria˿ Moon et al., 2009; Heo et al., 2013). ӊ ȳƟʣӢ 2−3ᐖ кȳɏ·ӆƞ ̛௢gӢ ᅶԚ·Ƕ Ϟɯƪ׻(Sorbarieae Rydb.)ӊ ԯŒǶ(Rosaceae Juss.) ҪȞዦ ᎟๦ʾ ƪ๊NJ(Kalkman, 2004). Sorbaria˿ӊ Ԇ džӢ ׺ႧƪˎǶ(Spiraeoideae Arn.)͚ ˿ዢΦ ˞ʚɪӆ Ų֋Ԃ кȳɏ·Ӣ ᎟๦ʾ ɎӾβ(Lee, 2007), Spiraeanthus ƞ, ૦˶ ˞Ԛƾ༿ዣ֋ ͺɦʾ ̪Ųӆƞ ዦ ԯŒǶ ˞ʚਾ ˿ӊ ؋ӊ ʒ᎟Ӣ кȳɏ·ӆƞ 20−35ĖӢ ˾·ӆƞ ɦ ƾ͚ʎΦ Adenostoma Hook. & Arn., Chamaebatiaria Maxim., ʣłΦ, Chamaebatiaria˿Ƕ ҪȞዢƆ ֎ਾ֋ӆƞ ̛ Sorbaria (Ser.) A.Braun, Spiraeanthus Maxim. 4Ė ˿ӎ ᅶዲ ௢·Ƕ ΞAዦ ᎟๦ʾ ɎԂ(Komarov, 1939). ͺǺ ˞ʚ ዢǚ Ԓ(Potter et al., 2007). Adenostoma˿ӊ ˛Œ ʎ˚͚ ɪӆƞ Lyonothamnus˿Ӣ Ʒк ԘӢ Ӿ᎟Ꮮʾ ɎӾΦ, ̈́ Chamaebatiaria˿ӊ 1؏Ӿ Œɧ ʎ˚͚ ˞ᅶዢǚ, ֎ͺӢ · ᎟๦Ԃ L. floribundus subsp. floribundusϊ ,؏2−3 .ˣˎfˎϊ ăˎfˎ͚ Ųਗ਼ Ɔ кȳӆƞ Ă¾ׂ ɎӾΦ ᎟๦Ԃ L. floribundus subspڛ Sorbaria˿ӊ 4−9Ͷ؏Ӿ ;Ԛɏዢβ, Spiraeanthus˿ӊ ௾Ԛᓚ.๎ ǚҪ˿ӆƞ 1؏Ӿ aspleniifoliusӆƞ ɦ˞łβ(Raven, 1963; Jepson, 1993 ˞ᅶዦ(Jepson, 1993; Gu and Alexander, 2003; Kalkman, Kalkman, 2004), Gillenia˿ӊ 3ଦ·ӎ ݊Ϟ(Jepson, Ϟɯƪ׻ӊ ਢӖ Rydberg (1908)͚ Ӣዾ ӖӢ ʪ 1993). ૦˶͚Φ ԘӢ Ђ˚᎟๦ዣ֋ ᎟ݒ লӾ͚ʎ ႖ɏ .(2004 Chamaebatiaria, Schizonotus Lindl., Porteranthus Britton) łΦ dž˚ɦ׺Ӣ লӾ ႖ˏ ũ ׻ dž ǯҪ႖ɏ᎟ݒ ๚Ȼ)˿ ӎ ᅶዲዢΦ ׻ӆƞ Ԃgņ ӾÚƞ ̐ӊ ዣԚȎ͚ Ӣዾ ӎ Ҏዾ, ԘӢ ዾ˚ዣ֋ ᎟ݒ͚ *ዦ ͺɦú Ίጓł͒ ׻Ӣ ዦƾ ʖ֟Ӿ ȚƷł̾ Ϟ. ၃ᔒ, Potter et al. (2007) (Song and Hong, 2014). ዢ݊̎, ԘӢ Œʪ᎟๦ዣ֋ ᎟ݒ Ӣ ˞ʚਾƾ͚ ɚʶζ, Schulze-Menz (1964)͚ Ӣዾ Ϟɯƪ ͚ *ዦ ͺɦΦ ˎ݋ ֎ዢ. !"#$%&'(")#&%*'"+',*%&-'.%/"&"01'2"*3'45'6"3'7'879:5; /0*1'2345&2&567&8&).'3#'970'953:0'(&5:*530*0 !"# ɚ¾ʎ, ɒ ͺɦӢ ֋ӊ Ϟɯƪ׻ 4˿Ƕ ͺǺ ˞ʚ Ӣ ̲Ӿ(L), ȚΞ(W), ΢î(F) þӢ Ǻƾʾ ƪ๊dž̪ Ҏዾ Ȟ֎ԚᎎŒ ዆̾2 ȳǺǺƾ(Pearson correlation)ʾ ӾгዢͶ ˞ʏዢچ ɪ 2˿(Gillenia, Lyonothamnus)ӎ *ȳӆƞ Ʒ(SEM)ӎ ӾгዢͶ, ԘӢ ᇦ዆͚ʎ ᏟԂዪ Ί ԒΦ ᇦ዆ Ί(IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 19.0., .(ʪᅶ, ̪ǯ, г, ᇦ዆ȳƻݒ țӢ Ԙ ᇦ዆ Œʪɦ׺ʾ ȳ Released 2010, IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA ОʣǶ Ԙ ᇦ዆ Œʪ᎟ݒ͚ Ǻዦ г̾Φ Roe (1971), Wilkinsonڛ ʪᔒ Ǻ঺ዢǚ ̪Զዢǚ, Ӿʾ ༿ዾ Œʪ᎟๦Ӣ ƞ ɚÒǚ, ̪ǯӢ ΢îӢ Ʒкچ ׻ dž ǯҪ႖ɏ᎟ݒ ๚Ȼ ũ ˿þ, ؏þ gȞ᎟ݒƞʎӢ (1979), Stace (1984)ʾ ú௢ʾ ႖ˏዢΦ Ԓ. Croxdale (2000)Ӣ ƃǯӎ ূǚዢΊ. µŵ Ð êŖ I1 Ϟɯƪ׻ 20˞ʚɪӢ ԆŲ֋Ԃ ݎ̾ͅ ɒ ͺɦ͚ Ȟгņ Ԙ ԶȎΦ Adenostoma˿ 2؏ 1Ț؏, ɒ ͺɦƪǶ Chamaebatiaria˿ 1؏, Gillenia 2؏, Lyonothamnus˿ 1؏, 1 Ԙ ᇦ዆Ӣ Œʪ᎟๦ዣ֋ ၃ݟȎӊ Table 1͚ ֟ˮዢΊӆ .Sorbaria˿ 6؏, 4Ț؏, 1ሒ؏, Spiraeanthus˿ 1؏, ધ β, Figs. 1−4͚ ֦fዢΊ ,؏ˎ 20˞ʚɪ(36Ė ᇦɒ)ӆƞ ɧdžĹЂᇦɒǺ(A, C, GH, K, KH, KHUS, MO, SNUA, abbreviations according to Thiers, ƭʍȑĽ 2015)ӆƞ˚຺ *Ͷዦ ʏ·ᇦɒ͚ʎ ᏟɎዢΊǚ, Ԇ˚ ˞ ᇦ዆ʪᅶӢ ᎟๦Φ țƃ᎟(isometric, Fig. 1D), ˎțƃ ʚɪȎӊ ݋֛ ̆Ђ ৎݛዢͶ FAA (40% formalin: 40% ᎟(sub-isometric, Fig. 1I), ˢ˖௣᎟(irregular, Fig. 1C)ӆ :glacial acetic acid: 70% ethyl alcohol) Ꮖዳ˫͚ ǚ֟ዦ ᑎ, ƞ Ǻ঺ł͒ӆβ, *˚˞Ӣ ˞ʚɪ͚ʎ ጯଟζ(AD 70% ˖ೞζ͚ ԯ̪ ɎǺዢζʎ Ǻ঺ዢΊ. adaxial side)Ƕ Ɗଟζ(AB: abaxial side)͚ʎ ź ҪȞዢ ʣ΋ዦ Ԙӎ ʒȞዢǚ, гǶ ʒ֚ӎ Ǻ঺ዢ̪ Ҏዾ ዾ Ɔ ƪ๊ƾ(Table 1). ̎, Gillenia˿Ƕ Sorbaria˿͚ʎ ˚ᎎŒƷ(SM, SteREO Discovery. V8, Carl Zeiss Microscopy Φ ጯଟζǶ ƊଟζӢ ᇦ዆ʪᅶ ᎟๦ú ˾ ʶƆ Ǻ Ȟ֎ԚᎎŒƷ ঺ł͒. ˚ʪᅶӢ Ίிȗ(AW: anticlinal wall)ӊ ݋ʒچ ,GmbH, Jena, Germany)ӎ ȞгዢΊǚ .SEM)ӎ ӾгዢͶ Ԙ ᇦ዆ Œʪ᎟ݒȎӎ Ǻ঺ዢΊ. Ӿ ᎟Ƕ Ǜʒ᎟Ӿ ăf͚ Ǻ঺(straight/curved) łŪƪ(Fig) Œ Ů׺ņ ᇦɒӾƪ, *ଦᇦɒӆƞ˚຺Ӣ ԶȎΦ ̇ 90oC 1J), ႖ȳ᎟(undulate) ̺Φ ɮǛ᎟(sinuate)Ӿ ƪ๊ƾ .(͚ʎ 3˞þ ťӾŪƪ ͺᏞ֦(Agepon, Agfa Gevaert, (Fig.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • April 26, 2019
    April 26, 2019 Theodore Payne Foundation’s Wild Flower Hotline is made possible by donations, memberships, and the generous support of S&S Seeds. Now is the time to really get out and hike the trails searching for late bloomers. It’s always good to call or check the location’s website if you can, and adjust your expectations accordingly before heading out. Please enjoy your outing, and please use your best flower viewing etiquette. Along Salt Creek near the southern entrance to Sequoia National Park, the wildflowers are abundant and showy. Masses of spring flowering common madia (Madia elegans) are covering sunny slopes and bird’s-eye gilia (Gilia tricolor) is abundant on flatlands. Good crops of owl’s clover (Castilleja sp.) are common in scattered colonies and along shadier trails, woodland star flower (Lithophragma sp.), Munz’s iris (Iris munzii), and the elegant naked broomrape (Orobanche uniflora) are blooming. There is an abundance of Chinese houses (Collinsia heterophylla) and foothill sunburst (Pseudobahia heermanii). This is a banner year for the local geophytes. Mountain pretty face (Tritelia ixiodes ssp. anilina) and Ithuriel’s spear (Triteliea laxa) are abundant. With the warming temperatures farewell to spring (Clarkia cylindrical subsp. clavicarpa) is starting to show up with their lovely bright purple pink floral display and is particularly noticeable along highway 198. Naked broom rape (Orobanche uniflora), foothill sunburst (Pseudobahia heermanii). Photos by Michael Wall © Theodore Payne Foundation for Wild Flowers & Native Plants, Inc. No reproduction of any kind without written permission. The trails in Pinnacles National Park have their own personality reflecting the unusual blooms found along them.
    [Show full text]
  • A Preliminary List of the Flora of the Perkiomen Region Whorten A
    Ursinus College Digital Commons @ Ursinus College Faculty Monographs and Chapters 1924 A Preliminary List of the Flora of the Perkiomen Region Whorten A. Kline Ursinus College Thomas R. Brendle Joseph R. Mumbauer Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/faculty_books Part of the Botany Commons, and the Environmental Studies Commons Click here to let us know how access to this document benefits oy u. Recommended Citation Kline, Whorten A.; Brendle, Thomas R.; and Mumbauer, Joseph R., "A Preliminary List of the Flora of the Perkiomen Region" (1924). Faculty Monographs and Chapters. 11. https://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/faculty_books/11 This Book is brought to you for free and open access by Digital Commons @ Ursinus College. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Monographs and Chapters by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ Ursinus College. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE FLORA OF The Perkiomen Region BASED ON THE FIELD WORK OF PROF. DR.SSHftvA. KLINE \U tUtkMj T. ROYCE BRENDLE JOSEPH R. mUMBAUER COMPILED BY THE ABOVE 1924 FOREWORD Nobody appreciates more than we the incompleteness and im­ perfections of this preliminary list of the flora of the Perkiomen Region. W'e hesitated to have it published. We trust that its failings may lead to the publication of a "Flora of the Perk~omen Region." The first botanist of the valley must have been Muhlenberg. It is not known that he wrote anything pertaining particularly to our region. For many years members of the Philadelphia Botanical Club have collected in the valley. Many of their specimens are in the herbarium at the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia.
    [Show full text]
  • Natural Communities of Michigan: Classification and Description
    Natural Communities of Michigan: Classification and Description Prepared by: Michael A. Kost, Dennis A. Albert, Joshua G. Cohen, Bradford S. Slaughter, Rebecca K. Schillo, Christopher R. Weber, and Kim A. Chapman Michigan Natural Features Inventory P.O. Box 13036 Lansing, MI 48901-3036 For: Michigan Department of Natural Resources Wildlife Division and Forest, Mineral and Fire Management Division September 30, 2007 Report Number 2007-21 Version 1.2 Last Updated: July 9, 2010 Suggested Citation: Kost, M.A., D.A. Albert, J.G. Cohen, B.S. Slaughter, R.K. Schillo, C.R. Weber, and K.A. Chapman. 2007. Natural Communities of Michigan: Classification and Description. Michigan Natural Features Inventory, Report Number 2007-21, Lansing, MI. 314 pp. Copyright 2007 Michigan State University Board of Trustees. Michigan State University Extension programs and materials are open to all without regard to race, color, national origin, gender, religion, age, disability, political beliefs, sexual orientation, marital status or family status. Cover photos: Top left, Dry Sand Prairie at Indian Lake, Newaygo County (M. Kost); top right, Limestone Bedrock Lakeshore, Summer Island, Delta County (J. Cohen); lower left, Muskeg, Luce County (J. Cohen); and lower right, Mesic Northern Forest as a matrix natural community, Porcupine Mountains Wilderness State Park, Ontonagon County (M. Kost). Acknowledgements We thank the Michigan Department of Natural Resources Wildlife Division and Forest, Mineral, and Fire Management Division for funding this effort to classify and describe the natural communities of Michigan. This work relied heavily on data collected by many present and former Michigan Natural Features Inventory (MNFI) field scientists and collaborators, including members of the Michigan Natural Areas Council.
    [Show full text]
  • Plant Descriptions 2018 4/22/2018
    Tyler Plant Sale - Plant Descriptions 2018 4/22/2018 TypeDesc Botanical Common Season of Exposure Size Description Name Name Interest Woody: Vine Clematis Clematis Summer to Sun to 8-10' Clematis 'Cardinal Wyszynski' dazzles your garden with huge 8" glowing 'Cardinal Fall Partial crimson flowers. The vibrant flowers are accented with darker crimson Wyszynski' Shade anthers and light pink filaments. Blooms in June-July and again in September. Attracts pollinators. Easy to grow in a rich, porous, alkaline soil. Provide shade for the roots with a generous layer of mulch or a shallow-rooted groundcover near the base of the vine. Received the Golden Medal at 'Plantarium' in 1990. Woody: Vine Clematis Hybrid Summer Sun to 6-8’ Fully double white flowers have yellow anthers and green outer petals. 'Duchess of Clematis Partial They are borne on the previous year’s growth and the current season’s Edinburgh' Shade new growth. This clematis does not require heavy pruning, remove only weak or dead stems in late spring. Tolerates most garden soils, needs protection from cold winds. Woody: Vine Clematis Clematis Early Sun to 8-10’ A beautiful, compact vine that covers itself with 5” shell pink flowers in 'Hagley Summer Partial summer. 'Hagley Hybrid' is also know as Pink Chiffon. This is a large- Hybrid' Shade flowering clematis that can be grown as a container plant. It is best keep out of full sun to prevent bleaching of flowers. Prefers moist, well-drained soil and for best results, mulch. TypeDesc Botanical Common Season of Exposure Size Description Name Name Interest Woody: Vine Clematis x Clematis Summer to Sun to 6-10' This deciduous hybrid clematis, has unusual and very striking deep blue durandii Fall Partial flowers with creamy stamens on a non-clinging, scrambling vine.
    [Show full text]
  • The Importance of Geographic and Biological Variables in Predicting
    Horticulture Publications Horticulture 6-2013 The mpI ortance of Geographic and Biological Variables in Predicting the Naturalization of Non- Native Woody Plants in the Upper Midwest Mark P. Widrlechner Iowa State University, [email protected] Emily J. Kapler Iowa State University, [email protected] Philip M. Dixon Iowa State University, [email protected] Janette R. Thompson Iowa State University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/hort_pubs Part of the Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Commons, Forest Management Commons, Horticulture Commons, and the Statistical Models Commons The ompc lete bibliographic information for this item can be found at https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/ hort_pubs/33. For information on how to cite this item, please visit http://lib.dr.iastate.edu/ howtocite.html. This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Horticulture at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Horticulture Publications by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The mpI ortance of Geographic and Biological Variables in Predicting the Naturalization of Non-Native Woody Plants in the Upper Midwest Abstract The es lection, introduction, and cultivation of non-native woody plants beyond their native ranges can have great benefits, but also unintended consequences. Among these consequences is the tendency for some species to naturalize and become invasive pests in new environments to which they were introduced. In lieu of lengthy and costly field trials, risk-assessment models can be used to predict the likelihood of naturalization.
    [Show full text]
  • California Indian Garden – Plant List and Plant Uses
    California Indian Garden Plant List Spring 2018 Common name Scientific name Indian Uses Bladderpod Isomeris arborea Seeds and flowers eaten Black sage Salvia mellifera Seeds ground into a meal for baking; tea made from leaves and stem Blue elderberry Sambucus nigra Berries used as food and sauce, plant also used for medicine, dyes for basketry, arrow shafts, flute, whistles, clapper sticks, and folk medicine Bush monkey flower Mimulus aurantiacus Young stems and leaves eaten as greens; used to treat burns, wounds, colds, cough, flu, stomach disorders and heart ailments CA buckwheat Eriogonum fasciculatum Leaf tea used for headache and stomach pain, root tea for colds and laryngitis; root poultice applied to wounds Chamise Adenostoma fasciculatum Infusion of bark and leaves used to cure syphilis; oils used to treat skin infections; scale insect on plant used as a binding agent; branches used to make arrow shafts and points Coast cholla Cylindropuntia prolifera Flowers and fruits for food Coast live oak Quercus agrifolia Acorns used as an important food staple Coast prickly pear Opuntia littoralis Fruit used for food, syrup, juice, candy and gum; young, green nopales (stems) also eaten; used to treat wounds, rheumatism, mumps, and reduce swelling; spines for needles and juice for dye Coast sunflower Encelia californica No known uses Coastal sagebrush Artemisia californica Leaves used for a variety of medicinal treatments: toothaches, wounds, asthma, colds, coughs, rheumatism, menstrual problems, to ease childbirth, menopausal symptoms,
    [Show full text]
  • Vascular Plants Ventana Double Cone Trail
    CALIFORNIA NATIVE PLANT SOCIETY – VASCULAR PLANTS VENTANA DOUBLE CONE TRAIL Acer macrophyllum - big-leaved maple Epilobium minutum - minute willow-herb Acmispon argophyllus - silver-leaved lotus Ericameria nauseosus var. speciosa - common rabbit-brush Acmispon glaber - deerweed Erigeron petrophilus - rock daisy Acmispon grandiflorus - large-flowered lotus Eriodictyon californicum - yerba santa Acmispon parviflorus - small-flowered lotus Eriogonum fasciculatum var. foliolosum - California buckwheat Adenostoma fasciculatum - chamise Eriogonum nudum var. pubiflorum - naked eriogonum/tibinagua Agoseris grandiflora - large-flowered agoseris Eriogonum saxatile - rock buckwheat Allophyllum gilioides - straggling gilia Eriophyllum confertiflorum - golden yarrow Antirrhinum multiflorum - sticky snapdragon Festuca microstachys - Nuttall's fescue Arbutus menziesii - madrone Festuca myuros - rattail fescue Arceuthobium campylopodum - western dwarf mistletoe Frangula californica - California coffeeberry Arctostaphylos glandulosa - Eastwood's manzanita Galium angustifolium - narrow-leaved bedstraw Boechera breweri - Brewer's rock cress Galium aparine - goose-grass Bromus carinatus var. carinatus - California brome Galium californicum ssp. flaccidum - California bedstraw Bromus diandrus - ripgut grass Galium californicum ssp. luciense - Lucia bedstraw Bromus grandis - tall brome Galium clementis - Santa Lucia bedstraw Bromus laevipes - woodland brome Galium porrigens - climbing bedstraw Bromus madritensis ssp. rubens - red brome Garrya flavescens - ashy
    [Show full text]
  • South Carolina Wildflowers by Color and Season
    SOUTH CAROLINA WILDFLOWERS *Chokeberry (Aronia arbutifolia) Silky Camellia (Stewartia malacodendron) BY COLOR AND SEASON Mountain Camelia (Stewartia ovata) Dwarf Witch Alder (Fothergilla gardenii) Revised 10/2007 by Mike Creel *Wild Plums (Prunus angustifolia, americana) 155 Cannon Trail Road Flatwoods Plum (Prunus umbellata) Lexington, SC 29073 *Shadberry or Sarvis Tree (Amelanchier arborea, obovata) Phone: (803) 359-2717 E-mail: [email protected] Fringe Tree (Chionanthus virginicus) Yellowwood Tree (Cladratis kentuckeana) Silverbell Tree (Halesia carolina, etc.) IDENTIFY PLANTS BY COLOR, THEN Evergreen Cherry Laurel (Prunus caroliniana) SEASON . Common ones in bold print. Hawthorn (Crataegus viridis, marshalli, etc.) Storax (Styrax americana, grandifolia) Wild Crabapple (Malus angustifolia) WHITE Wild Cherry (Prunus serotina) SPRING WHITE Dec. 1 to May 15 SUMMER WHITE May 15 to Aug. 7 *Atamasco Lily (Zephyranthes atamasco) *Swamp Spiderlily (Hymenocallis crassifolia) Carolina Anemone (Anemone caroliniana) Rocky Shoals Spiderlily (Hymenocallis coronaria) Lance-leaved Anemone (Anemone lancifolia) Colic Root (Aletris farinosa) Meadow Anemone (Anemone canadensis) Fly-Poison (Amianthium muscaetoxicum) American Wood Anemone (Anemone quinquefolia) Angelica (Angelica venosa) Wild Indigo (Baptisia bracteata) Ground Nut Vine (Apios americana) Sandwort (Arenaria caroliniana) Indian Hemp (Apocynum cannabium) American Bugbane (Cimicifuga americana) Sand Milkweed (Asclepias humistrata) Cohosh Bugbane (Cimicifuga racemosa) White Milkweed (Asclepias
    [Show full text]
  • Phylogeny of Maleae (Rosaceae) Based on Multiple Chloroplast Regions: Implications to Genera Circumscription
    Hindawi BioMed Research International Volume 2018, Article ID 7627191, 10 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/7627191 Research Article Phylogeny of Maleae (Rosaceae) Based on Multiple Chloroplast Regions: Implications to Genera Circumscription Jiahui Sun ,1,2 Shuo Shi ,1,2,3 Jinlu Li,1,4 Jing Yu,1 Ling Wang,4 Xueying Yang,5 Ling Guo ,6 and Shiliang Zhou 1,2 1 State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China 2University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100043, China 3College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China 4Te Department of Landscape Architecture, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China 5Key Laboratory of Forensic Genetics, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing 100038, China 6Beijing Botanical Garden, Beijing 100093, China Correspondence should be addressed to Ling Guo; [email protected] and Shiliang Zhou; [email protected] Received 21 September 2017; Revised 11 December 2017; Accepted 2 January 2018; Published 19 March 2018 Academic Editor: Fengjie Sun Copyright © 2018 Jiahui Sun et al. Tis is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Maleae consists of economically and ecologically important plants. However, there are considerable disputes on generic circumscription due to the lack of a reliable phylogeny at generic level. In this study, molecular phylogeny of 35 generally accepted genera in Maleae is established using 15 chloroplast regions. Gillenia isthemostbasalcladeofMaleae,followedbyKageneckia + Lindleya, Vauquelinia, and a typical radiation clade, the core Maleae, suggesting that the proposal of four subtribes is reasonable.
    [Show full text]
  • Guideline 410 Prohibited Plant List
    VENTURA COUNTY FIRE PROTECTION DISTRICT FIRE PREVENTION BUREAU 165 DURLEY AVENUE CAMARILLO, CA 93010 www.vcfd.org Office: 805-389-9738 Fax: 805-388-4356 GUIDELINE 410 PROHIBITED PLANT LIST This list was first published by the VCFD in 2014. It has been updated as of April 2019. It is intended to provide a list of plants and trees that are not allowed within a new required defensible space (DS) or fuel modification zone (FMZ). It is highly recommended that these plants and trees be thinned and or removed from existing DS and FMZs. In certain instances, the Fire Department may require the thinning and or removal. This list was prepared by Hunt Research Corporation and Dudek & Associates, and reviewed by Scott Franklin Consulting Co, VCFD has added some plants and has removed plants only listed due to freezing hazard. Please see notes after the list of plants. For questions regarding this list, please contact the Fire Hazard reduction Program (FHRP) Unit at 085-389-9759 or [email protected] Prohibited plant list:Botanical Name Common Name Comment* Trees Abies species Fir F Acacia species (numerous) Acacia F, I Agonis juniperina Juniper Myrtle F Araucaria species (A. heterophylla, A. Araucaria (Norfolk Island Pine, Monkey F araucana, A. bidwillii) Puzzle Tree, Bunya Bunya) Callistemon species (C. citrinus, C. rosea, C. Bottlebrush (Lemon, Rose, Weeping) F viminalis) Calocedrus decurrens Incense Cedar F Casuarina cunninghamiana River She-Oak F Cedrus species (C. atlantica, C. deodara) Cedar (Atlas, Deodar) F Chamaecyparis species (numerous) False Cypress F Cinnamomum camphora Camphor F Cryptomeria japonica Japanese Cryptomeria F Cupressocyparis leylandii Leyland Cypress F Cupressus species (C.
    [Show full text]
  • Adenostoma Sparsifolium Torr. (Rosaceae), Arctostaphylos Peninsularis Wells (Ericaceae), Artemisia Tridentata Nutt
    66 JOURNAL OF THE LEPIDOPTERISTS' SOCIETY Ceanothus greggii A. Gray (Rhamnaceae), Adenostoma sparsifolium Torr. (Rosaceae), Arctostaphylos peninsularis Wells (Ericaceae), Artemisia tridentata Nutt. (Asteraceae), Quercus chrysolepis Liebm. and Q. dumosa Nutt. (Fagaceae), and Pinus jefferyi Grev. & BaH. (Pinaceae). On 27 and 29 October 1989 the unmated females were caged at a site in the vicinity of Mike's Sky Ranch in the Sierra San Pedro Martir, approximately 170 km south of the international border. Despite sunny weather and at a similar elevation and floral com­ munity, no males were attracted. Two males were deposited as voucher specimens in both of the following institutions: Universidad Autonoma de Baja California Norte, Ensenada, Mexico, and the Essig Mu­ seum of Entomology, University of California, Berkeley. Eleven specimens are in the private collection of John Noble, Anaheim Hills, California; the remaining 22 specimens are in the collection of the author. RALPH E. WELLS, 303-8 Hoffman Street, Jackson, California 95642. Received for publication 10 February 1990; revised and accepted 15 March 1991. Journal of the Lepidopterists' SOCiety 45(1), 1991, 66-67 POSITIVE RELATION BETWEEN BODY SIZE AND ALTITUDE OF CAPTURE SITE IN TORTRICID MOTHS (TORTRICIDAE) Additional key words: North America, biometrics, ecology. Earlier I reported a positive correlation between forewing length and altitude of capture site in the Nearctic tortricid Eucosma agricolana (Walsingham) (Miller, W. E. 1974, Ann. Entomol. Soc. Amer. 67:601-604). The all-male sample was transcontinental, with site altitudes ranging from near sea level on east and west coasts to more than 2700 m in the Rocky Mountains. Altitudes of capture came from labels of some specimens, and from topographic maps for others.
    [Show full text]
  • Adenostoma Fasciculatum Profile to Postv2.Xlsx
    I. SPECIES Adenostoma fasciculatum Hooker & Arnott NRCS CODE: ADFA Family: Rosaceae A. f. var. obtusifolium, Ron A. f. var. fasciculatum., Riverside Co., A. Montalvo, RCRCD Vanderhoff (Creative Order: Rosales Commons CC) Subclass: Rosidae Class: Magnoliopsida A. Subspecific taxa 1. Adenostoma fasciculatum var. fasciculatum Hook. & Arn. 1. ADFAF 2. A. f. var. obusifolium S. Watson 2. ADFAO 3. A. f. var. prostratum Dunkle 3. (no NRCS code) B. Synonyms 1. A. f. var. densifolium Eastw. 2. A. brevifolium Nutt. 3. none. Formerly included as part of A. f. var. f. C. Common name 1. chamise, common chamise, California greasewood, greasewood, chamiso (Painter 2016) 2. San Diego chamise (Calflora 2016) 3. prostrate chamise (Calflora 2016) Phylogenetic studies using molecular sequence data placedAdenostoma closest to Chamaebatiaria and D. Taxonomic relationships Sorbaria (Morgan et al. 1994, Potter et al. 2007) and suggest tentative placement in subfamily Spiraeoideae, tribe Sorbarieae (Potter et al. 2007). E. Related taxa in region Adenostoma sparsifolium Torrey, known as ribbon-wood or red-shanks is the only other species of Adenostoma in California. It is a much taller, erect to spreading shrub of chaparral vegetation, often 2–6 m tall and has a more restricted distribution than A. fasciculatum. It occurs from San Luis Obispo Co. south into Baja California. Red-shanks produces longer, linear leaves on slender long shoots rather than having leaves clustered on short shoots (lacks "fascicled" leaves). Its bark is cinnamon-colored and in papery layers that sheds in long ribbons. F. Taxonomic issues The Jepson eFlora and the FNA recognize A. f. var. prostratum but the taxon is not recognized by USDA PLANTS (2016).
    [Show full text]