Britton Et Rose) Hester Lat

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Britton Et Rose) Hester Lat Neobesseya cubensis (Britton et Rose) Hester lat. cubensis, nach Kuba, dem Heimatland der Art. Literatur Coryphantha cubensis Britton et Rose in Torreya 12, 1912, S. 15, Taf. V, Abb. 1; Cactaceae IV, 1923, S. 48 u. Abb. Taf. V; Carabia Distrib. Cact. Cuba in Cact. Succ. Journ. Am. VIII, 12, 1937, S. 204. Mammillaria urbaniana Vaupel in Monatsschr. Kakteenkd. 22, 1912, S. 65. Neobesseya cubensis (Britt. et Rose) Hester in Des. Pl. Life 1941, S. 192. Neolloydia cubensis (Br. et Rose) Backeberg C. in Jahrb. DKG (II) 1942, S. 60; Cactaceae V 1961, S. 2940, 2941 u. Abb.; Kakt. Lex. 1970, S. 296 — Řiha R. in Kaktusy 1970, S. 106 u. Abb. Diagnose nach Britton et Rose l. c. „Plants depressed‑globose, tufted, 2 to 3 cm broad, pale green; tubercles numerous, vertically compressed, 6 to 7 mm long, 4 to 5 mm wide, about 3 mm thick, grooved on upper side from the apex to below middle, the groove very distinct; spines about 10, whitish radiating, acicular but weak, 3 to 4 mm long, those of young tubercles subtended by a tuft of silvery hairs, 1,5 mm long; flowers pale yellowish green, 16 mm high, the segments acute; filaments, style and stigma‑lobes yellowish; fruit red, less than 1 cm long, naked; seeds black, somewhat angled. Type locality: Among stones in barren savanna, southeast of Holguin, Oriente, Cuba.“ Krainz, Die Kakteen, 16. IV. 1973 C VIII c Beschreibung nach J. Řiha und L. Kladiwa: W u r z e l vom Flachwurzeltypus; aus einem sukkulenten, rübenförmigen Hypocotyl ent­ springen sproßbürtige, dünne Wurzeln; Hauptwurzel am distalen Hypocotylteil relativ dünn, mit Seiten­ und Nebenwurzeln. K ö r p e r rasenförmig, am Hypocotylteil stark sprossend, mit bis zu 8 Köpfen, die untereinander verbunden sind, jedoch eigene Hauptwurzeln ausbilden. Triebe bis 45 mm im ∅, bereits bei 10 mm blühfähig. W a r z e n 9—11 mm lang, am Grunde ca. 4 mm breit, in den Berührungszeilen 8 : 13 spiralig angeordnet; adaxial der Areolen bis zur Axille reichende, erst mit gelblich­weißer Wolle besetzte, dann verkahlende Furche. A r e o l e n rundlich, 0,9—1,1 mm im ∅. S t a c h e l n biegsam, gerade, davon 10 Seiten stacheln und 1 Mittelstachel, etwas abstehend oder horizontal, schmutzigweiß bis gelblich oder bräunlich. B l ü t e n im Scheitel, aus der Furche knapp vor der Axille, umgeben von kurzen weißen Haaren; schlank­trichterig, ca. 16,5 mm lang. P e r i c a r p e l l ovoid, wenig abgesetzt, nackt, teilweise kantig durch die herablaufenden Hüllblattbasen; ca. 3,5 mm lang, 2,8 mm im ∅. R e c e p t a c u l u m ca. 4,5 mm lang, oben 6,5 mm im ∅, schmal­trichterig, im unteren Teil mit nur wenigen, ca. 3 mm langen, lanzettlichen, zarten, in der Mittelrippe etwas derberen, lang und dicht gewimperten Schuppen; die folgenden ca. 5,5 mm lang, dichter bewimpert, schließlich 6—7 mm lang, zart und lang bewimpert. Ä u ß e r e H ü l l b l ä t t e r 9—10 mm lang, lanzettlich, zart, mit kurzer, weicher, breiter Spitze; Rand teilweise gekerbt oder gesägt oder im unteren Teil manchmal mit vereinzelten, kurzen Wimpern. I n n e r s t e H ü l l ­ b l ä t t e r zart, lanzettlich, mit kurzer, breiter, weicher Spitze, leicht gewellt bis gekerbt oder scharfrandig, 8—10 mm lang. Hüllblattzahl stark reduziert, steilspiralig angeordnet. Nekta­ rium von der Griffelbasis bis zur Insertion der Primärstaubfäden; Nektarkammer schmal und wenig tief. Fruchthöhle geräumig, fast kugelig, vom Grunde bis oben mit Samenanlagen ausge­ füllt; diese breit­ovoid, mit breitem, weit herausragendem innerem Integument und an breiten, un verzweigten, mittellangen Funiculi angesetzt. Primär s t a u b b l ä t t e r knapp oberhalb der Griffelbasis inseriert, ca. 6 mm lang, mit den breitovoiden Antheren etwas über die Griffel­ mitte reichend; die folgenden Staubblätter in Steilspirale und weiten Abständen inseriert, mit 4—5 mm langen Filamenten, die letzte Reihe mit breiteren, flacheren Staubfäden und den manchmal verkümmerten Antheren reichen nur wenig über die Griffelmitte hinaus. G r i f f e l Abb. 1. Neobesseya cubensis: Schema der Sprossenbildung. Abb. 2. a. Neobesseya cubensis: Connection Blütenlängsschnitt, rechts mit Ge fäßbündelverlauf; Staubblattzahl stark reduziert, die der letzten Reihe im oberen 2/3 breit, flach und S­förmig gebogen. Abb. 2. b. Neobesseya cubensis: Samenanla gen; Nu = Nucellus, i. I. = inneres Inte gument. C VIII c Krainz, Die Kakteen, 16. IV. 1973 Neobesseya cubensis Abb. 3. Neobesseya cubensis: eingetrock nete Pt Frucht; Pt = Restperianth; Samen durch das hauchdünne, reduzierte, bei Druck sofort zerfallende Pericarp schei nend. Str 7 mm Mi Abb. 4. a. Neobesseya cubensis: Sa­ men mit grubiger Testa von der 4 mm Seite; Str = kleine Strophiola am Hilum. Str Abb. 4. b. Neobesseya cubensis: Hi­ lumansicht; Mi = Micropyle; Str= Strophiola. W W E Abb. 4. c. Neobesseya cubensis: links: Längsschnitt durch den Embryo; i. T. = iT innere Testa, E = Embryo, Co = Cotyle­ Co donenregion, W = Wurzelpol; rechts: Em­ Co bryo ohne innere Testa. ca. 10 mm lang 0,8—1 mm breit, mit relativ dicker Gewebsschicht zwischen Griffelbasis und Carpellhöhle. N a r b e n äste 3, ca. 2 mm lang, innen und außen mit langen, feinzottigen Pa­ pillen, bis ca. 2 mm unter das geschlossene Perianthende reichend. F r u c h t ovoid, ca. 7 mm lang und 4 mm im ∅, trocken gelblich, rot getönt, mit sehr dün­ nem, nacktem, die Samen durchscheinendem Pericarpium; frisch zerfließend und mit klebri ger Pulpa. Pericarpium, wenn trocken durch die Gefäßstränge zusammengehalten und bei leich­ tem Druck bereits einbrechend. Frucht nur mit winzigem Perianthrest. S a m e n ovoid, 1,5— 1,6 mm lang, dorso­ventral ca. 1,2—1,3 mm breit, mit schmalerem Hilumteil. Hilum basal oder manchmal etwas subbasal, schmal, länglich, von einem schmalen Hilumsaum umgeben und von einer kleinen, gelblichen Strophiola verdeckt. Mikropylarloch außerhalb des Hilums liegend, in einem größeren Trichter und vom Hilum relativ weit entfernt. Testa schwarz, hart, reduziert, mit relativ breiten Radialzellwänden und grubigen, eingesunkenen, rundlichen Zel­ laußenwänden. E m b r y o ovoid, hochsukkulent, mit kaum angedeuteten Coty ledonen, ohne Perisperm, mit chalazal etwas verdickter, dunkelbrauner, innerer Testa. Heimat Typstandort: südwestlich der Stadt Holguin/N. Oriente; in verwittertem Serpentingestein von einem pH­Wert von 7,2; zwischen Grasbüscheln, zusammen mit Copernicia, Coccothrinax sp., Jatropha, Notodon etc. Standort stark durch weidendes Vieh und Feuer gefährdet, dient als Krainz, Die Kakteen, 16. IV. 1973 C VIII c Abfallablageplatz. Zwei Kilometer davon entfernt entdeckte Seichi Osada, Tokio, die gleiche Art (briefl. Mitteilung an J. Říha). Es herrscht dort ein ausgesprochenes Trockenklima, dessen Trockenperiode im November beginnt und bis zum Mai dauert. Kultur dem natürlichen Biotop in der Savanne entsprechend eher trocken, keine gespannte Luft der Gewächshäuser; in Schalen oder Kistchen auf einem gut durchlässigen Substrat, das von Ser­ pentinbrocken durchsetzt ist; Schattierung bei Prallsonne. Bemerkungen Diese Art wurde von Dr. J. A. Shafer erstmals 1909 gesammelt und den Autoren Britton und Rose übergeben. Am Standort blühen die Pflanzen am Ende der feuchten Periode, vom September bis November, in Europa dagegen im Mai. Die Frucht erscheint am Ende der Vege­ tationsruhezeit, etwa im Mai. Der morphologische Typus dieser Art entspricht sowohl in Sproß, Blüte und Samen der Gattung Neobesseya. Die Früchte sind abgeleiteter und reduzierter als bei der Leitart N. missou‑ riensis. Auffällige Merkmale sind die Bewimperung der Hüllblätter, die Zierlichkeit der Blüte und das sukkulente Hypocotyl, das zusammen mit den sproßbürtigen Wurzeln, die den Tau aufnehmen, die Trockenzeit überleben hilft. Diese Art gehört weder zu Coryphantha (Samen mit glatter, gefelderter Testa und Perisperm) noch zu Neolloydia (mit anderem Blütenbau und warzigen Samen mit Perisperm), wohin sie Backeberg stellte. So dürfte die Zuteilung Hester’s zu Neobesseya die richtige sein. Damit hat sich überraschenderweise das Areal der Gattung Neobesseya beträchtlich erweitert, umso mehr, als auch Ortegocactus macdougallii aus Oaxaca (Mexiko) zu Neobesseya gehört. Das Hauptent­ wicklungsgebiet dieser Gattung lag bisher in den USA (Texas, Nord Dakota bis Montana, Colorado, Kansas und Oklahoma). Diese Pflanze wurde von Jan Říha, Prag, am Standort gesammelt. Er lieferte auch eine Beschreibung des Körpers, während Blüte, Frucht und Samen von L. Kladiwa beschrieben wurden. Foto von J. Říha aus der Sammlung Šubík (Karls Universität, Prag). — Sproßzeichnung J. Říha und L. Kladiwa; Samenzeichnungen L. Kladiwa. (Kla.) C VIII c Krainz, Die Kakteen, 16. IV. 1973 Neobesseya macdougallii (Alexander) Kladiwa emend. et comb. nov. Tribus Cacteae; Subtribus II, Cactinae; Linea Neobesseyae; Genus Neobesseya Br. et R., Subgenus nov. Ortegocactus Kladiwa. macdougallii, nach dem Entdecker der Art, T. Mac Dougal, USA. Literatur Ortegocactus Alexander in Cact. & Succ. Journ. USA. Nr. 2, 1961, S. 39—40. macdougalli ‑> macdougallii Ortegocactus macdougallii Alexander l. c. — Backeberg C. Cactaceae VI 1962, S. 3678 u. Abb.; Kakt. Lex. 1966, S. 337. Diagnose der G a t t u n g nach Alexander l. c. „Corpus plantae caespitosa vel simplex; tuberculi valde depressis spiraliter disposita; areolis magnis in pars superiore gerens tomentum aculeis radialibus pluribus, centrali uno porrectis; flores infundibuliformes ex axillis tuberculorum; ovarium esquamatum, sed cum lana prolixa et mollis, bacca sicca sparse lanata coronata periantho desiccato indehiscens; semina minuta nigra et minute punctatae.“ der A r t nach
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